Faculdade De Letras

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Faculdade De Letras UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE LETRAS Departamento de Estudos Clássicos O matrimónio do Sapiens: Estudo e Tradução dos Fragmentos do De Matrimonio de Lúcio Aneu Séneca Luís Alexandre Simões Revez Coelho Dissertação de Mestrado em Estudos Clássicos - Edição e tradução de textos clássicos - 2011 UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE LETRAS Departamento de Estudos Clássicos O matrimónio do sapiens: Estudo e Tradução dos Fragmentos do De Matrimonio de Lúcio Aneu Séneca Luís Alexandre Simões Revez Coelho Dissertação de Mestrado em Estudos Clássicos - Edição e tradução de textos clássicos - orientada pela Professora Doutora Maria Cristina de Castro-Maia de Sousa Pimentel 2011 A meu avô João, (1923-2008) in memoriam À minha avó Ilda, ab imo corde i ÍNDICE Palavras prévias………………………………………………………………....iii Agradecimentos……………………………………………………………….....v Resumo/ Résumé………………………………………………………………..vi Palavras-chave………………………………………………………………......vi Lista de abreviaturas……………………………………………………………vii INTRODUÇÃO………………………...………………….……………...............1 CAPÍTULO 1: O MATRIMÓNIO DO SAPIENS………….………………....….11 1. Perspectivas da doutrina estóica sobre matrimónio: génese e evolução do pensamento dos principais teorizadores - Zenão, Crisipo, Antípatro de Tarso e Musónio Rufo..................................................12 CAPÍTULO 2: SÉNECA E O MATRIMÓNIO………………………………......31 2.1 Contexto sócio-político………………...……………….…………..32 2.2 Séneca mestre e discípulo do Pórtico….….………………………...43 2.3 O matrimónio e a doutrina familiar na obra de Séneca……………..56 2.4 O DE MATRIMONIO……………………………………………...…76 CAPÍTULO 3: SÃO JERÓNIMO E O ADVERSVS IOVINIANVM………………....83 3.1 Contexto sócio-político ………………………………………….…84 3.2 O matrimónio nos primeiros séculos da Igreja: o contributo das correntes ascéticas encratistas………………………………………86 3.3 A heresia de Joviniano……………………………………………...96 3.4 O ADVERSVS IOVINIAVM………………………………………….100 CAPÍTULO 4: DE MATRIMONIO – texto e tradução dos fragmentos………...107 CONLUSÃO………….………...………………………………………………...…..143 BIBLIOGAFIA……………………………………………………………...…151 ii PALAVRAS PRÉVIAS Posterorum negotium ago. Illis aliqua quae possint prodesse conscribo. (SÉNECA, Ep. 8, 2) Quando, há três anos, sobracei, por sugestão da Professora Maria Cristina Pimentel, a tarefa de traduzir o De Matrimonio, inocentemente não me apercebi da importância do tema que me foi dado tratar. Que interesse, pensei eu, teria uma obra fragmentária e sobre a qual tão pouco se ouve falar? Uma vez compreendida a dimensão da questão, a minha primeira dificuldade foi a de tentar conciliar a abrangência temática que, a meu ver, deveria envolver um estudo sério sobre o De Matrimonio com as balizas de uma dissertação de mestrado. Sobre isso, logo me dei conta de que esta não seria a ocasião própria nem para ensinar o que quer que fosse nem tão-pouco para reivindicar uma descoberta surpreendente ou uma interpretação inovadora que dissessem respeito ao fragmentário tratado de Séneca. O único objectivo que houve foi o de aprender. Ciente de que este é primordialmente um trabalho de tradução, e não querendo descurar as dificuldades que tal tarefa implica, pretendi, todavia, dar algum relevo a um estudo introdutório que procurasse, de forma simples, mas abrangente, contextualizar a obra que intentei traduzir, pois que muitos me pareceram ser os aspectos interessantes a focar e a analisar. De outro modo, o trabalho de tradução revelar-se-ia, por si só, improfícuo. Afinal, o que é a língua, senão um meio para se chegar à Cultura? Traduzir um texto clássico, ainda que fragmentário, como o do De Matrimonio, mais não é, com efeito, do que dar a conhecer a ideia nele contida, o pensamento e a mensagem do seu autor; mas é também - e sobretudo - prolongar a sua existência, por vezes abafada pela distância inevitavelmente imposta pelo tempo, ou, por outras palavras, salvá-lo do esquecimento, como lembra Paul RICOEUR.1 Trata-se, no fundo, de integrar uma obra num contexto diferente do de origem, numa outra mundividência. Mas traduzir um texto clássico é, ainda, acolher de bom grado o precioso património literário, herança gratuitamente recebida que, pelo seu alto valor, deve merecer a nossa maior estima e afeição. Por conseguinte, falar do De Matrimonio, implica obrigatoriamente falar de uma longa tradição de conceitos e preceitos formulados pelos principais teorizadores da Escola do Pórtico, e da sua evolução; e implica igualmente reconhecer a importante influência que a doutrina estóica exerceu no pensamento cristão. Assim foi que um Padre da Igreja, São Jerónimo, fundamentou o seu pensamento no de um autor pagão. Assim foi que, a dada altura, o cristianismo e o estoicismo se caldearam. Facto curioso, que atesta esse encontro, é que o que conhecemos hoje do De Matrimonio - os seus 1 “na tarefa da tradução, também se procede a uma certa salvação.” Paul RICOEUR, Sobre a Tradução, tradução de Maria Jorge Vilar de Figueiredo, Lisboa, Livros Cotovia, 2005, p.10. iii fragmentos - devemo-lo tão-somente aos passos que dele São Jerónimo cita no Aduersus Iouinianum. Filosofia, Religião, História e Literatura cruzam-se, dando origem a essa realidade tão vasta e tão profunda a que comummente chamamos Cultura. Jerónimo salvou o De Matrimonio - e a circunstância de tal salvamento não é, como sabemos, caso único na história da transmissão dos textos clássicos. Único é que tenham sido o estoicismo de Séneca e o cristianismo de Jerónimo a ditar as normas que haveriam de reger a moral matrimonial vigente, ainda hoje, na Cultura Ocidental. Vistas assim as coisas, pareceu-me termos hoje fundadas razões para olharmos serenamente para o De Matrimonio e, por acréscimo, para o património moral que nos foi legado pela Antiguidade. Quando terminei este trabalho e reflecti sobre o seu conteúdo, receoso, apercebi- me de que talvez tivesse sido demasiado superficial na abordagem de certas questões. E, com efeito, fui. Não é que desconhecesse a sua profundidade e vastidão; é que tive a consciência nítida de que estão sumamente bem estudadas e de que do seu aprofundamento resultaria uma digressão desnecessária e talvez até prejudicial, dada a imensidão de bibliografia existente. Que poderia eu dizer de novo sobre estoicismo ou sobre as épocas de Séneca e de Jerónimo que ainda não houvesse sido dito? Mas, pondo de lado tal receio, uma dúvida maior me inquietou, e inquieta ainda: a de saber se o que há de transcendente e de eternamente verdadeiro no nosso património moral, latino e cristão, nós o deixaremos perder, sem consciência da sua superioridade, perante a ameaça dos novos tempos. Posterorum negotium ago. Illis aliqua quae possint prodesse conscribo… Não as desprezemos! Vila Viçosa, Agosto de 2011 iv AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço, como é de justiça, à Professora Doutora Maria Cristina Pimentel, em primeiro lugar, pelas memoráveis aulas de Literatura Latina que me possibilitaram conhecer Séneca, para mim o mais querido autor da Antiguidade Clássica. Agradeço-lhe também por me ter sugerido o tema desta dissertação, que orientou de forma tão dedicada e sabedora. Injusto da minha parte seria se não reconhecesse que foi graças ao seu inestimável apoio e às suas palavras de estímulo que este trabalho chegou ao fim. Agradeço ao Professor Doutor Arnaldo do Espírito Santo, não só pelo interesse que pôs desde o início neste trabalho, mas também, e sobretudo, pela sua bonomia e pelo espírito tão humano sempre para comigo demonstrados. Ao Professor Doutor José Pedro Serra, com quem aprendi a olhar para o horizonte trágico da vida e do mundo, um sincero obrigado pela diligência com que acudiu às burocracias académicas que, em dada altura, começaram a ser um estorvo. Agradeço ao Luís Neves, meu dilecto amigo, pelos reparos e pelas sugestões que fez. Esquecidos não quero deixar aqueles que comigo fizeram a viagem pelas “coisas clássicas”, os meus colegas de curso, com quem tanto partilhei e em cuja companhia me fui esclarecendo. Do coração agradeço à Mizé pela amizade e por todos os bons momentos que a vida nos tem proporcionado. Seja-me também permitida uma palavra de profunda gratidão ao meu amigo Ismael, ilustre organista do Santuário de Fátima, pelo interesse que desde sempre manifestou na concretização deste meu trabalho. Ao Padre Doutor Mário Tavares de Oliveira e ao Cónego António Simões estendo, penhorado, o meu gesto de agradecimento. v RESUMO Escrito no séc. I d.C., do De Matrimonio de Lúcio Aneu Séneca apenas se conhecem alguns fragmentos cujo número e ordem oscilam em função dos críticos que os editaram. Analisando não só o que resta do De Matrimonio, mas também outros passos da obra do filósofo cordovês, em que são afloradas as questões relativas à moral familiar e matrimonial, percebe-se que o ideal de matrimónio que Séneca propôs, influenciado, sem dúvida, pelo contexto político e social da sua época, e também pela sua própria experiência de vida, encontra o seu fundamento nas ideias dos primeiros teorizadores da Escola do Pórtico. São Jerónimo, no séc. IV d.C., pretendendo defender a moral matrimonial, atacada pelas heresias de Joviniano, depois de recorrer às fontes bíblicas, socorre-se também de fontes pagãs. É no seu polémico tratado Aduersus Iouinianum, escrito no ano 393 d.C., que encontramos citados os referidos fragmentos do De Matrimonio. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Matrimónio, Estoicismo, Cristianismo, Séneca, São Jerónimo RÉSUMÉ Rédigé au premier siècle après J.C., on ne connaît du De Matrimonio de Sénèque que quelques fragments dont le nombre et l'ordre diffère selon les critiques qui les ont édités. En analysant non seulement
Recommended publications
  • The Stoic Invention of Cosmopolitan Politics1
    For the Proceedings of the Conference "Cosmopolitan Politics: On The History and Future of a Controversial Ideal" Frankfurt am Main, December 2006 THE STOIC INVENTION OF COSMOPOLITAN POLITICS1 Eric Brown Department of Philosophy Washington University in St. Louis According to ancient Stoics, a polis is a place, a system of human beings, or both of these things,2 and it is a system of human beings—not just a loose collection—because it is put in order by law.3 But Stoics do not mean by 'law' the decree of a duly constituted authority. They define 'law' as "right reason," which provides "the standard of right wrong, prescribing to naturally political animals the things that ought to be done and proscribing the things that ought not."4 In point of fact, they think that no extant 1 This essay is only a lightly revised version of the programmatic lecture I delivered at the conference. Its first two thirds, which sketch an account of the Chrysippean Stoic's attachment to a cosmopolitan way of life, receive fuller development and defense in Brown (forthcoming), and the last third is more provocation than settled argument. I hope that the many people who have helped me will not be offended if I single out for special thanks Elizabeth Asmis, Pauline Kleingeld, and Martha Nussbaum; their criticisms and encouragement over many years have been invaluable to me. I also thank the organizers and the other conferees in Frankfurt for an excellent experience, and the editors of the proceedings for their patience. 2 Stobaeus II 7.11i 103,17-20 Wachsmuth.
    [Show full text]
  • Latin 019 Roman Imperial Literature: Death in Seneca Prof
    Latin 019 Roman Imperial Literature: Death in Seneca Prof. Jeremy B. Lefkowitz Spring 2011 [email protected] MWF 10:30 ‐ 11:20 Trotter 111, x7894 Trotter 115 Office Hours: Wednesday 1:00 – 4:00 & by appointment Course Description This course examines Seneca's views on life and death as expressed in his philosophical essays, letters to his friends and family, and tragic plays. The emphasis will be on close readings of Seneca's prose and poetry in Latin, with careful attention to the distinguishing features of Seneca’s rhetorical style, his famous brevitas and theatricality, and the place of Senecan thought in its literary, philosophical, and historical contexts. Evaluation Participation and preparation for class (including presentations): 15% Regular (unannounced) quizzes on vocabulary and morphology: 20% Term Paper (first draft due Friday, April 14; final draft due Friday, April 29): 15% Midterm Exam (Wednesday, February 23): 25% Final Exam (date tba): 25% Guidelines and Expectations Preparing for Class: It is essential that you come to every class meeting well prepared. What does it mean to be "well prepared" for this class? It means reading every line of assigned Latin closely and carefully. Here is a checklist to help you do this: * Have you read through everything out loud, slowly, with attention to pronunciation and accentuation? * Have you worked through the texts, sentence by sentence, doing your best to understand what you are reading? * Have you looked up any unfamiliar words in the dictionary, making a list (or an index card) of every word you look up? * Have you checked all forms and rules of syntax about which you are unsure in your Latin grammar? * Have you read through the texts again, one last time, to make sure you are confident in your understanding of all the Latin expressions? Of course, there will be times when you cannot fully understand the meaning of a sentence or phrase on your own, in which case you should come to class with questions.
    [Show full text]
  • De Otio De Brevitate Vitae
    SENECA DE OTIO DE BREVITATE VITAE G. D. WILLIAMS Associate Professor of Classics, Columbia University, New York The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge , United Kingdom The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge, ,UK West th Street, New York, -, USA Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, , Australia Ruiz de Alarc´on , Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town , South Africa http://www.cambridge.org C Cambridge University Press This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge Typefaces Baskerville / pt and New Hellenic System LATEX ε [] A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library hardback paperback CONTENTS Preface page vii Conventions and abbreviations viii Introduction Author and date: initial problems The Dialogues in context (a) The Stoicbackground (b) The Roman philosophical tradition (c) From Republicto Empire De otio (a) The view from above (b) Date, addressee and related problems De breuitate uitae (a) Preliminaries (b) Date and addressee (c) Theme and interpretation Style and language (a) Senecan style: context and general tendency (b) Senecan mannerism, vocabulary, wordplay The transmission of the text L. ANNAEI SENECAE DE OTIO; DE BREVITATE VITAE Commentary Bibliography Indexes General Latin words Greek words v INTRODUCTION . AUTHOR AND DATE: INITIAL PROBLEMS Born into a provincial equestrian family of Italian extraction at Corduba (modern C´ordoba) in southern Spain, Lucius Annaeus Seneca (c. – ) wasraisedand educated from an early age at Rome.
    [Show full text]
  • Discovering Romanity in Seneca's De Otio and De Brevitate Vitae Joshua Dean Wimmer [email protected]
    Marshall University Marshall Digital Scholar Theses, Dissertations and Capstones 1-1-2012 Lend Me Your Voice: Discovering Romanity in Seneca's De otio and De brevitate vitae Joshua Dean Wimmer [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://mds.marshall.edu/etd Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons Recommended Citation Wimmer, Joshua Dean, "Lend Me Your Voice: Discovering Romanity in Seneca's De otio and De brevitate vitae" (2012). Theses, Dissertations and Capstones. Paper 255. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Marshall Digital Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses, Dissertations and Capstones by an authorized administrator of Marshall Digital Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LEND ME YOUR VOICE: DISCOVERING ROMANITY IN SENECA’S DE OTIO AND DE BREVITATE VITAE A Thesis submitted to the Graduate College of Marshall University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Latin by Joshua Dean Wimmer Approved by Dr. E. Del Chrol, Committee Chairperson Dr. Caroline Perkins Dr. Christina Franzen Marshall University May 2012 Copyright by Joshua Dean Wimmer 2012 ii Dedication and Acknowledgments DEDICATION Pro parentibus meis ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would sincerely like to extend my most deeply felt gratitude to Dr. E. Del Chrol, Dr. Caroline Perkins, and Dr. Christina Franzen of the Department of Classics at Marshall University, as well as to any and to all who have helped in some way, no
    [Show full text]
  • Seneca's Concept of a Supreme Being in His Philosophical Essays and Letters Robert James Koehn Loyola University Chicago
    Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Master's Theses Theses and Dissertations 1947 Seneca's Concept of a Supreme Being in His Philosophical Essays and Letters Robert James Koehn Loyola University Chicago Recommended Citation Koehn, Robert James, "Seneca's Concept of a Supreme Being in His Philosophical Essays and Letters" (1947). Master's Theses. Paper 641. http://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/641 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 1947 Robert James Koehn SENECA'S CONCEPT OF A SUPRE.'ME BEING IN HIS PHILOSOPHICAL ESSAYS AND LETTERS BY ROBERT J. KOEHN, S.J. A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF ~qE REQUIREMENTS FOR A MASTER OF ARTS DEGREE IN THE CLASSICS AUGUST 1947 VITA AUCTORIS Robert James Koehn was born in Toledo, Ohio, on September 2, 1917. After attending St. James parochial school, he entered st. John's High School in September 1931. Upon his graduation in 1935 he attended St. John's and DeSales Colleges before entering the So­ ciety of Jesus on September 1, 1937. He matriculated at Xavier University, Cincinnati, and received a Bachelor of Li­ terature degree in June 1941. Following his transfer to West Baden College, West Baden Springs, Indiana, in the summer of 1941, he entered the graduate school of Loyola Uni­ versity, Chicago, in the Classics.
    [Show full text]
  • Omnis Ars Naturae Imitatio Est. Seneca and the Fine Arts
    ACTA CLASSICA XLVIII. 2012. UNIV. SCIENT. DEBRECEN. pp. 59–68. OMNIS ARS NATURAE IMITATIO EST. SENECA AND THE FINE ARTS BY CSILLA SZEKERES View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Debrecen Electronic Archive Abstract: The highly influential idea that the artist’s task is to represent and copy nature as closely as possible became well-known in Seneca’s wording (omnis ars naturae imitatio est). By investigating this formula, the present study aims to find answers to the question whether it was really this idea that Seneca regarded as the purpose and essence of a work of art. Comparing Seneca’s texts with other Stoic sources, the paper gives an analysis of the meanings of the concepts techne/ars, including the fine arts as we know them today, and mimesis/imitatio. Seneca’s negative value-judgement of the fine arts is relativized by being embedded in the interrelationships in his philosophy; nor can imitatio be interpreted in the fields of sculpture and painting as the passive reflection of reality, as mere copying. Keywords: techne, ars, natura, mimesis, imitatio, Stoics, Seneca, fine arts. The notion – ars naturae imitatio est –, which became an integral part of Euro- pean thinking in Seneca’s words1, served as the theoretical underpinning for lifelike portrayal for a number of centuries. According to this, the artists’s task is to represent: imitate, copy and reflect nature as close as possible.2 But is this really what Seneca regarded as the essence of fine arts as we know them today, and above all, of sculpture and painting? This is a group of issues encompass- ing several problems which largely derive from the fact that the terms making up the apparently clear and unambiguous definitions carry highly complex meanings depending not only on the philosophical context (Platonist, Aristote- lian, Stoic) but even within the philosophy of Stoicism, too.
    [Show full text]
  • Index Locorum
    Cambridge University Press 978-1-316-61736-6 — From Stoicism to Platonism The Development of Philosophy, 100 BCE-100 CE Edited by Troels Engberg-Pedersen Index More Information Index Locorum Aëtius (Diels) Ch. 28 151–2 1.3.21 89 28.1, 181.20 151 1.6 207 28.2 151 1.7.33 207 28.392 1.25.5 164 28.4, 182.6–8 152 1.27.5 163, 164 29.494 1.28.3 164 Alexander of Aphrodisias 2.3M-R 164 De anima 4.11 123 71.22–4 337 Albinus 73.18–20 337 Prologue 76.18–77.23 337 149.17–20 308 De fato 150.21–2 126 11, 178.17–25 337 150.23 132 14, 183.30–184.11 337 150.33–5 126 De mixtione Alcinous 217.2–4 123 Didaskalikos 217.3–4 122 2.1–2, 152.30–153.9 136 218.10 123 2.3, 153.15–20 153 Ethical Problems Ch. 4 152–3 2, 5, 6, 7, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19 341 4.6, 155.20–32 127, 136 23, 143.25–30 341–2, 343 4.6, 155.32 126 25, 149.17–19 338 4.7. 156.5–8 136 In Topica 4.8, 156.19–23 126 147.12–15 314 5.7, 158.3 133 Mantissa (ed. Sharples) 5.7, 158.4 126 17 118, 322–47 6.10 72 150.20–5 323, 325, 336, 344 6.10, 159.43–472 150.24–5 324 9.1–289 150.25–151.3 322 9.1, 163.14–15 150 150.25–8 327 9.2, 163.29–30 76 150.27–8 325 9.376 150.28–33 324, 326 Ch.
    [Show full text]
  • Wisdom and Other Feelings: Affect, Knowledge, and the Senecan Subject
    Wisdom and Other Feelings: Affect, Knowledge, and the Senecan Subject by Chiara Graf A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Classics University of Toronto © Copyright by Chiara Graf 2020 Wisdom and Other Feelings: Affect, Knowledge, and the Senecan Subject Chiara Graf Doctor of Philosophy Department of Classics University of Toronto 2020 Abstract Much of the scholarship on the Senecan emotions has treated affect primarily as an obstacle to be overcome by Stoic reason and self-control. Placing Seneca’s philosophical, scientific, and literary works in dialogue with modern affect theory, I argue that emotions can provide routes to knowledge and define the subject’s relationship to the cosmos. The first three chapters of this dissertation treat the role of affect in Seneca’s meteorological treatise Natural Questions. In Chapter 1, I argue that the Senecan sage defines himself through an enchanted and joyful identification with the cosmos. In the subsequent two chapters, I explore the didactic potential of affect for epistemically compromised subjects who have not yet attained sagehood. Chapter 2 demonstrates the paradoxical solace to be found in stupefaction and anxiety, and Chapter 3 argues that even forms of wonder rooted in ignorance can guide imperfect subjects towards apprehending a logic underlying the cosmos. Chapter 4 turns to Book 20 of Seneca’s Epistles, treating the role of wonder in our understanding of the good (bonum) and honorable (honestum). I argue that, as the book unfolds, technical Stoic definitions of the good and honorable prove to be circular and inadequate, and that Seneca presents wonder as the only viable way of grasping these concepts.
    [Show full text]
  • Thomas Jefferson to Benjamin Rush, April 21, 1803, with Syllabus of An
    Library of Congress Thomas Jefferson to Benjamin Rush, April 21, 1803, with Syllabus of an Estimate of the Merit of the Doctrines of Jesus, with Copies; Partial Transcription Available, The Works of Thomas Jefferson in Twelve Volumes. Federal Edition. Collected and Edited by Paul Leicester Ford. SYLLABUS OF AN ESTIMATE OF THE MERIT OF THE DOCTRINES OF JESUS, COMPARED WITH THOSE OF OTHERS1 j. mss. 1 This was drawn up for Benjamin Rush, and was sent him with the following letter: “ Washington, Apr 21, 1803. “ Dear Sir,—In some of the delightful conversations with you, in the evenings of 1798–99, and which served as an anodyne to the afflictions of the crisis through which our country was then laboring, the Christian religion was sometimes our topic; and I then promised you, that one day or other, I would give you my views of it. They are the result of a life of inquiry & reflection, and very different from that anti-Christian system imputed to me by those who know nothing of my opinions. To the corruptions of Christianity I am indeed opposed; but not to the genuine precepts of Jesus himself. I am a Christian, in the only sense he wished any one to be; sincerely attached to his doctrines, in preference to all others; ascribing to himself every human excellence; & believing he never claimed any other. At the short intervals since these conversations, when I could justifiably abstract my mind from public affairs, the subject has been under my contemplation. But the more I considered it, the more it expanded beyond the measure of either my time or information.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of the Philosophy of Lucius Annaeus Seneca
    Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Master's Theses Theses and Dissertations 1941 Analysis of the Philosophy of Lucius Annaeus Seneca Gabriel Connery Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses Part of the Classical Literature and Philology Commons Recommended Citation Connery, Gabriel, "Analysis of the Philosophy of Lucius Annaeus Seneca" (1941). Master's Theses. 111. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/111 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 1941 Gabriel Connery .ANALYSIS OF THE PHILOSOPHY .OF LUCIUS ANNA:EUS SENECA .BY BROTHER GABRIEL CONNERY, F. S.C. A Thesis Submitted in Partial Ful~illment o~ the Requirements ~or the Degree o~ Master o~ Arts at LOYOLA UNIVERSITY APPRECIATION The writer gratefully acknowledges his indebtedness to Brother Julius Hugh, F.s.c., Ph.D., Brother Leo of Mary, Ph.D., and Brother Dennis, F.s.c., M.A., whose thorough understanding and efficient teach­ ing of the principles of Scholastic Philo­ sophy and Classical Latin were of invalu­ able aid in the development of this study. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION • • • • • • • • • PAGE 1 CHAPTER I Seneca: Education and Political Back- ground • • • • • • • • 4
    [Show full text]
  • THE CHRISTIAN AFTER-LIFE of SENECA the YOUNGER the First Four Hundred Years
    THE CHRISTIAN AFTER-LIFE OF SENECA THE YOUNGER The First Four Hundred Years Joan Stivala Thesis submitted for the degree of doctor of philosophy of the Australian National University Frontispiece Peter Paul Rubens, The Death of Seneca c.1615 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This has been a long but fascinating journey and I have accumulated many debts along the way. First and foremost, I should like to express my gratitude to my principal supervisor, Robert Barnes, optimus magister, whose courteous patience is matched only by his scholarship. I am indebted also to the members of my advisory panel: Graeme Clarke, source of archaeological information and especially to Douglas Kelly for his labour in the last minute checking of the manuscript. Thanks, Doug. Many thanks are due to Suzy Pace and Nan Mackey for their efforts in proof reading. Thanks also to Bernard Stivala and Louise Cengia for their assistance with translations from French and to Claudia Haarmann and Gerlinde Lenz for their help with German. I wish to thank all staff members of History and of Classics, Australian National University, especially those who attended the seminars at which various sections of this thesis were presented and discussed. I am especially indebted to Beryl Rawson for her assistance with the arcane world of iconography, and to Elizabeth Minchin for her continued interest in my academic progress. Thanks are due also to Dennis Deslippe, formerly of History, for checking the appendix on Thomas Jefferson. I would also like to express my gratitude to the undergraduate students I taught in both disciplines, a couple of whom are now fellow postgraduate students.
    [Show full text]
  • Discourses of Epictetus What He Considered to Be Most Useful, and Most Necessary, and Most Adapted to Move Men’S Minds
    1 2 This eBook is the result of a collaborative effort by MPowered and its community of Avid Readers, and is based on a transcription produced for Project Gutenberg. The writing and artwork within are believed to be in the U.S. public domain, and MPowered releases this eBook edition under the terms in the CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. MPowered is an endeavour that produces, promotes, and provides open access to educational, culture-related content and media with the aim of empowering people worldwide. You can download this and other eBooks produced with love for avid readers at mdnss.co/mdash. To contribute with MPowered, please report typos, typography errors, or other necessary corrections on the report errors section. You can also acquire our official merchandise in our store to help us ensure the continuity of this project. 3 A This eBook edition has been published thanks to the generous support of: Mike Gallichio; Jeffrey DePaolo; Elizabeth Connis; Michael Bass; Robert Southwell; Vishal Mody; Mayda Shorney; Karen McKinney; Martin Garcilazo; Hernan Rodriguez; Donald Klindt. Would you like to be featured on this page? Get your All-access Membership today and receive fantastic, exclusive benefits. SIGN UP NOW 4 I ERY LITTLE IS KNOWN of the life of Epictetus. It is said that he was a native of Hierapolis in Phrygia, a town between the V Maeander and a branch of the Maeander named the Lycus. Hierapolis is mentioned in the epistle of Paul to the people of Colossae (Colossians 4:13); from which it has been concluded that there was a Christian church in Hierapolis in the time of the apostle.
    [Show full text]