SYMPOSIUM PROGRAMME 11 to 15 July 2016 Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh CLASSIFY CULTIVATE CONSERVE WELCOME MESSAGE

On behalf of the organising committee it is my great pleasure to welcome you to Edinburgh, the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh and the 10th International Flora Malesiana Symposium.

This year’s symposium brings together taxonomists, horticulturists and conservationists from across the world to discuss their research and conservation activities on the diversity of the Malesian region.

The theme of this year’s symposium is ‘Classify, Cultivate, Conserve’. At the heart of the symposium is the taxonomic research which underpins all biodiversity research, in particular publications that document and help us better understand the massive diversity of the region. In this symposium we also want to highlight and celebrate the role that horticulture has had in helping us understand this diversity and how it contributes to conservation actions.

We hope that by bringing taxonomists, horticulturists and conservationists together in a single symposium, we will better understand the needs of each other and how to be more efficient and effective in helping describe and protect the plant diversity of the region.

The symposium is about bringing people together who are passionate about Malesian , and about inspiring them to go forward to develop and deliver new and exciting research and conservation projects. It is also about meeting old friends and making new ones. We hope that the scientific and social programme we have put together will encourage you to do both.

Finally I would like to thank the Directors of the Royal Botanic Garden for supporting the symposium, the organising committee for their hard work over the past 6 months for making the symposium possible and all delegates for submitting a great range of talks and posters, which we are sure will make for a fantastic symposium.

Dr Peter Wilkie Chairperson of the 10th International Flora Malesiana Symposium Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh

10TH FLORA MALESIANA SYMPOSIUM, EDINBURGH 11–15 JULY 2016 | 1 ORGANISING COMMITTEE

Peter Wilkie

(Chairperson)

George Argent Mark Hughes

Hannah Atkins Vlasta Jamnicky

Sadie Barber Mark Newman

Robyn Drinkwater Carmen Puglisi

Liz Leith Duncan Reddish

Louise Galloway Lesley Scott

Shauna Hay Helen Yeats

2 | 10TH FLORA MALESIANA SYMPOSIUM, EDINBURGH 11–15 JULY 2016 FINANCIAL SUPPORT

In addition to the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, we would like to thank the following for financial and logistical support of the conference:

10TH FLORA MALESIANA SYMPOSIUM, EDINBURGH 11–15 JULY 2016 | 3 SYMPOSIUM VENUE MAPS

Symposium Venue

6 | 10TH FLORA MALESIANA SYMPOSIUM, EDINBURGH 11–15 JULY 2016 SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME

Presentations The conference will be using MS PowerPoint in all venues. All delegates must submit their presentation to the Registration Desk. For morning presentations, these should be submitted to the Registration Desk by 08:15 at the latest. For afternoon presentations, these should be submitted by the start of the lunch break. Please make sure that the number of your talk (given to you when you submitted your abstract to Easychair) is included in the file name.

All submitted paper presentations are of 15 minutes’ duration with 5 minutes for discussion. Please keep to this time so that delegates can move between parallel sessions. Chairpersons have been instructed to interrupt presentations that exceed their time limit.

Instructions for operation of the equipment will be given before each session. Please arrive at your session at least 15 minutes before your session starts.

Posters Poster boards are available in the Fletcher Building. Please place your poster next to the number allocated to you when you submitted your abstract to Easychair. Pins and Velcro tape will be available to help secure the posters. There is a formal poster session on Tuesday afternoon, but we encourage all posters to be placed on the display boards at the start of the symposium. At the formal poster session we expect authors to be standing next to their posters.

New Publications Before the poster session on Tuesday afternoon there will be a series of short presentations by several authors who have published new books since the last Flora Malesiana Symposium.

Impromptu meetings The Board Room will be available to delegates for impromptu meetings. To arrange use of this room please contact the Registration Desk.

Herbarium access during the Symposium Our Herbarium is available for consulting specimens during the symposium. Access is by arrangement at the Registration Desk and Herbarium staff will be available every half hour at the desk to escort delegates to the collections. You will be asked to complete a form giving your name and institute details, your area of interest and also an example of your handwriting for any determination slips you complete. The Herbarium will be open from 08:30 to 17:00 each day of the symposium.

Speed-detting sessions Each morning images of some unidentified herbarium specimens will be shown to delegates in the lecture theatre. If you want to have a go at trying to identify these, then let the Herbarium staff know and they will direct you to the area where they have been laid out for consultation.

Library access Delegates are welcome to use the Library for reference purposes during opening hours (Monday to Friday, from 10:00 to 16:00). Please ring the doorbell at the Library entrance for access. If additional access is required please contact the Reception Desk with details of times and materials required; requests will be passed to the Head of Library and Archives (Lorna Mitchell) for consideration.

Glasshouse access Delegates are exempt from the usual £5.50 charge for access to the public glasshouses when wearing their conference badge.

10 | 10TH FLORA MALESIANA SYMPOSIUM, EDINBURGH 11–15 JULY 2016

Session 3A Lecture Theatre Session 3A. Floras 15.50–16.10 H. Balslev: The Flora of – current status and future perspectives (30) 16.10–16.30 C. Pendry et al.: The Flora of Nepal – a born-digital Flora (146) 16.30–16.50 E. Hartono et al.: Flora of Bangka – A preliminary check list (114) 16.50–17.10 S. A. Guerrero et al.: Floristic Inventory at Weda Bay (Halmahera, North Maluku, ) (56) 17.10–17.30 H. Rustiami et al (Presented by Dedy Darnaedi): An introduction to the flora of Lesser Sunda Island (68) 17.30–17.50 S. Swangpol & W. Inta: An update on the banana family (Musaceae) in the Flora of Thailand (121)

Session 3B Conference Room Session 3B. & Phylogenetics 15.50–16.10 W. Wardani & B. Adjie: Preliminary Study on the Athyrium in Malesia: names, distribution, and planned project (65) 16.10–16.30 Wai-Chao Leong et al.: (Presented by Kuo-Fang Chung): Molecular phylogentics and biogeography of Asian Begonia, with an emphasis on the continental (101) 16.30–16.50 J. J. Obico & M. E. Ragragio: A survey of plants used as repellents against hematophagous insects by the Ayta people of Porac, Pampanga province, (3) 16.50–17.10 I. Haerida: Thalloid liverworts of Bali (15) 17.10–17.30 Saroj Ruchisansakun et al.: A Revision of Balsaminaceae in (151) 17.30–17.50 C. Elmido et al.: Evaluation of antibacterial activity of indigenous plants from Cordillera, Philippines against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (113)

Group Photograph/Welcome Reception 17.50–18.00 Group photograph (Lecture Theatre and Palm House) 18.00–20.00 Palm House welcome reception

10TH FLORA MALESIANA SYMPOSIUM, EDINBURGH 11–15 JULY 2016 | 21 POSTERS

Poster Authors Title No. 17 Yu, R. & van Welzen, P. A taxonomic revision of Trigonostemon () in Malesia 19 Ellwood, L. et al. Worldwide Engagement for Digitizing Biocollections 2016: a call to the Flora Malesiana community to participate in the WeDigBio Global Transcription Event! 23 Bouman, R. et al. Getting a grip on Phyllanthus, a complex genus; phylogeny, historical biogeography and bioactivity screening 28 Kadhimi, A. et al. Enhancing in vitro screening callus for drought tolerance using gamma rays and growth regulators of Oryza sativa CV MR269 29 Alhasnawia, A. et al. Interaction of β-glucan and NaCl stress on accumulation of enzymes and relationships with salt tolerance in callus 45 Cahen, D. & Utteridge, T. A synopsis of the genus Smythea (Rhamnaceae) 60 Azizan, A. & Couvreur, Evolution of floral morphological characters in T.L.P. 63 Salvana, F.R. & Gruezo, A taxonomic reassessment of genus Podocarpus in the W. Philippines 66 Julius, A. et al. Generic limits of Ardisia (Primulaceae ̶ Myrsinoideae) in Tropical 70 Dubéarnès, A. et al. Systematics of the genus Embelia (Primulaceae – Myrsinoideae) 71 Buot, I. & Sarinas, M. Conservation education in the 21st Century: the potential of the open online course of the University of the Philippines- Open University 74 Mat Yunoh, S.M. The genus (Lythraceae) in Peninsular 82 Logatoc, E.L.R. & Gruezo, Moss flora of Puting Bato karst area, Burdeos, Polillo Island, W. Philippines 93 Hao Wei Hsu & Alejandro, Molecular Phylogeny and DNA Barcoding of the Philippine G.J. Argostemma (Argostemmateae), including a new species 94 Santor, P.J. & Alejandro, Phylogeny of the Philippine Hedyotis (Rubiaceae: G.J. Spermacoceae) 97 Del Prado, Y.L. et al. Phylogeny of selected Philippine Ophiorrhiza (Ophiorrhizeae—Rubiaceae) inferred from multiple sequence data including accounts of two new species 103 Koyama, T. & Baba, Y. Floristic overview of Cyperaceae in Natma Taung National Park, Chin State, Myanmar 110 Fujikawa, K. et al. The update of the Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park, Chin State, Myanmar 111 Moore, A. Poikilospermum (Urticaceae) of Tropical Asia: an update 112 Purba, E. et al. Ethnobotanical value and conservation of Zingiberaceae of the Batak Karo in North , Indonesia 115 Arriola, A. et al. Multi-gene analysis of the Philippine endemic Gloeocarpus to reassess its generic status 118 Miller, C. The World Flora Online – Achieving Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation

10TH FLORA MALESIANA SYMPOSIUM, EDINBURGH 11–15 JULY 2016 | 29 Poster Authors Title No. 120 Budi Hartono et al. Flora in Javanese Culture 122 I. Gusti Ayu Rai Sawitri et Balinese Homegarden Based on ‘Tri Hita Karana’ Concept in al. Pakraman Villages Buleleng Regency North Bali (Indonesia) 125 Anh, K.-S. et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of Rutaceae in : Based on Ethnobotanical information 128 Nowak, S. Taxonomic studies on the Epiblastus (, ) toward a revision of the genus 129 Lacdan, N. et al. Floristic Survey of in the Lowland Tropical Forest of Mt. Daguldul, San Juan,Batangas 130 Hu, J.-M., et al. Evolution of agamospermy and host specificity of Balanophora laxiflora and allied taxa (Balanophoraceae) 133 Yang, A.T-Y, et al. Exploration of the flora of the Solomon Islands 143 Chamchumroon, V. et al. Assessment of the distribution and conservation status of wild plants in conservation areas using GIS and GeoCAT 144 Blasco, F. et al. DNA barcoding of selected medicinal plants and a discovery of a novel species of Begonia 158 Suhaimi, S-E. et al. An overview of Convolculaceae of Peninsular Malaysia 159 Brambach, F. et al. Biogeography of Malesian species along elevational gradients – insights from plot-based inventories 166 Haerida, I. et al. Flora of Bali, an update

30 | 10TH FLORA MALESIANA SYMPOSIUM, EDINBURGH 11–15 JULY 2016 114. Flora of Bangka – a preliminary checklist

Author(s): E. Nurtjahya, E. Sari, A. Anggraeni, U. Umroh, R. Robika, T. Alesti, D. Andayani, S. Selviana, D. Frilano, M. Sari, N. Nurhidayah, S. Virgianty, S. Rahmawati, Y. Yusita, D.S. Fiona, F. Fitri, S. Sarinah, Z. Zalia, R.S. Tarmie, D. Setiadi, E. Guharja, Y. Setiadi, I. Muhadiono, D. Dorly, D. Susanto, H. Rustiami

Abstract Type: Presentation

The island of Bangka is located to the east of Sumatra. The island was well known for white pepper production in the past and, together with Belitung, is the second largest tin producer in the world. It has a surface area of 11,700 km2 and is mainly lowland below 50 m with some hills at 400–700 m. It has a type-A climate, with an average daily temperature of 23–32°C, and an average annual rainfall of approximately 2,400 mm. Bangka is in Riau Pocket which has a specific flora. Primary and secondary data, mostly in the last ten years, were collected from various sites across the island. They record up to 1,200 species of nearly 200 families of terrestrial, aquatic, mangrove, and offshore plant species. Approximately 500 tree species, 180 , and more than 300 herb species are listed, besides bryophytes and ferns, algae and seagrass species.

115. Multi-gene analysis of the Philippine endemic Gloeocarpus to reassess its generic status

Author(s): Axel Arriola, Jocel Andee Bejoc, Andrea Louise Medina, Rina Jean Ombid and Grecebio Jonathan Alejandro

Abstract Type: Poster

Gloeocarpus Radlk. was established to accommodate the Philippine Cupaniopsis patentivalvis Radlk. This monotypic genus is endemic in the Philippines and can only be found in the provinces of Laguna and Quezon. Gloeocarpus is monophyletic according to previous phylogenies, although it was only assessed using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS). With the availability of more gene markers, however, it is necessary to challenge the generic status of the genus because increasing the gene number irrespective of the taxa used may be a prerequisite for improving phylogenetic accuracy. In this study the ITS, matK, and rbcL sequences of Gloeocarpus were aligned with the currently available sequences from the GenBank. The phylogenetic tree recovered from Bayesian inference analysis and Parsimony analysis revealed a robustly supported family of (PP=1.00; BS=100%). Meanwhile, Gloeocarpus nested within the strongly supported Cupania clade (PP=1.00; BS=100%) and is monophyletic. Morphological features of Gloeocarpus such as the presence of hairy with slight folded margins and sinuate branchlets supports our molecular results.

116. Diversity and breeding system of alien invasive plant species in protected areas of West Sumatra

Author(s): Syamsuardi, Yuranti Wella, Wita Yulianti, Usman Setria and Nurainas

Abstract Type: Presentation

An assessment of invasive alien plant species is very important to controlling them in protected areas of tropical forest. Sixty-four alien invasive plant species belonging to 23 families were recorded at six protected areas of West Sumatra. There were differences of species composition among the six protected areas. School forest for biological research and education, Limau Manis, and Solok Botanical Gardens have the highest value of Jaccard Similarity Index (SI=0.533). By contrast, very different ecological factors and the long distance between Solok Botanical Gardens and G. Talamau resulted in the lowest similarity between them (SI=0.133). It is very important to note that some of the worst alien plant invasive species in the world such as Imperata cylindrica, Clydemia hirta, Lantana camara, Leucaena leucocephala, Mikania micrantha and Mimosa pigra have invaded protected areas in West Sumatra. The existence of these plant invaders in protected areas is a danger to plant conservation due to their effect of decreasing biodiversity. The pollen-ovule ratio (P/O ratio) method was used to clarify the breeding system of these alien invasive plant species. The results of our analyses are discussed in this paper.

68 | 10TH FLORA MALESIANA SYMPOSIUM, EDINBURGH 11–15 JULY 2016 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Name Institute Country Contact Rafidah Abdul Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) Malaysia [email protected] Rahman Esperanza Maribel De La Salle University Philippines [email protected] Agoo Grecebio Jonathan University of Santo Tomas Philippines [email protected] Alejandro Victor Amoroso Center for Biodiversity Research and Extension in Philippines [email protected] Mindanao (CEBREM), Central Mindanao University Julia Anak Sang Forestry Corporation Malaysia [email protected] Zozy Aneloi Andalas University Indonesia [email protected] Wisnu Ardi Center for Plant Conservation Bogor Botanic Gardens Indonesia [email protected] Marlina Ardiyani Herbarium Bogoriense, the Indonesian Institute of Indonesia [email protected] Sciences Minerva Arenas Far Eastern University – Manila Philippines [email protected] George Argent Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Susana Arias Naturalis Biodiversity Center Netherlands [email protected] Guerrero Kate Armstrong New York Botanical Garden, USA USA [email protected] Axel H. Arriola University of the East Philippines [email protected] Peter Ashton Harvard University USA [email protected] Tika Dewi Atikah Research Center for Biology – LIPI Indonesia [email protected] Hannah Atkins Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Fernando Aurigue Philippine Nuclear Research Institute-DOST Philippines [email protected] Amira Azizan University of Montpellier France [email protected] Yumiko Baba The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden Japan [email protected] Max van Balgooy Naturalis Biodiversity Center Netherlands [email protected] Henrik Balslev Aarhus University Denmark [email protected] Sadie Barber Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Julie Barcelona University of Canterbury – School of Biological Sciences New Zealand [email protected] Katie Beckett Department for Business Innovation & Skills, UK UK [email protected] Government. Anna Bell International Islamic University (IIUM) Malaysia [email protected] Freddie Blasco College Of Arts and Sciences Department, Saint Philippines [email protected] Theresa College of Tandag, Tandag, Surigao del Sur Roderick Bouman Hortus Botanicus Leiden, University of Leiden Netherlands [email protected] Fabian Brambach Georg-August-University Göttingen Germany [email protected] Gemma Bramley Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK [email protected] Marie Briggs Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK [email protected] Nicola Brooking The Eden Project UK [email protected] David Burslem University of Aberdeen UK [email protected] James Byng Plant Gateway UK [email protected] Michael Calaramo Northwestern University Ecotourism Park and Botanic Philippines [email protected] Gardens Rodrigo Camara Leret Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK [email protected] Helen Chadburn Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK [email protected] Voradol The Office of Forest Herbarium Forest and Plant Thailand [email protected] Chamchumroon Conservation Research Office Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Tanawat Chaowasku Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai Thailand [email protected] University Kwek Yan Chong Department of Biological Sciences, National University Singapore [email protected] of Singapore Kuo-Fang Chung Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica [email protected] Daniele Cicuzza University Darussalam Brunei [email protected] Ruth Clark Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK [email protected] Mark Coode Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK [email protected] Dedy Darnaedi Research Center for Biology - LIPI Indonesia [email protected] Ed de Vogel Naturalis Biodiversity Center and Hortus botanicus Netherlands [email protected] Leiden Erickson Dela Pena [email protected] Jennifer Demuria Alta Terra Netherlands [email protected] Rudolph Valentino [email protected] Docot Robyn Drinkwater Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Anne Dubéarnès Trinity College Dublin, Botany Department Ireland [email protected] Charlotte Elmido University of the Philippines Baguio Philippines [email protected] Sangmi Eum Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Korea [email protected] Biotechnology Peter Fritsch Botanical Research Institute of Texas USA [email protected] David Frodin Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK [email protected] Long-Fei Fu Institute of Botany China [email protected] Kazumi Fujikawa The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden Japan [email protected]

86 | 10TH FLORA MALESIANA SYMPOSIUM, EDINBURGH 11–15 JULY 2016

Name Institute Country Contact Janet Gagul Australian Tropical Herbarium, James Cook Papua New [email protected] University, ; College of Marine and Guinea Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Australia; Biological Sciences, University of Papua Dina Gallick The Eden Project UK [email protected] Louise Galloway Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] S.K. Ganesan Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh/National Parks UK/Singapore [email protected] Singapore David Gill Fauna & Flora International UK [email protected] Deden Girmansyah Herbarium Bogoriense Indonesia [email protected] Rusea Go Universiti Putra Malaysia Malaysia [email protected] William Gruezo University of the Philippines Los Baños/Asia Life Philippines [email protected] Sciences Aida Gruezo Asia Life Sciences Philippines [email protected] Ida Haerida Research Center for Biology - LIPI Indonesia [email protected] Ida Haerida Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Herbarium Indonesia [email protected] Bogoriense Thomas Hamann Naturalis Biodiversity Center Netherlands [email protected] Carmelita Hansel Mindanao State University Philippines [email protected] Ko Harada Ehime University Japan [email protected] Eddy Nurtjahya Budi Universitas Bangka Belitung Indonesia [email protected] Hartono Shauna Hay Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Charlie Heatubun Universitas Papua Indonesia [email protected] Jacqueline Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, Austria [email protected] Heckenhauer University of Vienna Jer-Ming Hu National University Taiwan [email protected] Mark Hughes Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Prima Hutabarat Center for Plant Conservation - Bogor Botanical Indonesia [email protected] Garden, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Shelley James iDigBio, Florida Museum of Natural History USA [email protected] Vlasta Jamnicky Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Tiberius Jimbo Forest Research Institute Papua New [email protected] Guinea Robert Johns Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK c/o [email protected] Avelinah Julius Forest Research Institute Malaysia Malaysia [email protected] Abdulrokhman Research Center for Biology – LIPI Indonesia [email protected] Kartonegoro Paul J.A. Kessler Hortus botanicus Leiden Netherlands [email protected] Yulita Kusamadewi Research Centre for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Indonesia [email protected] Sciences Natividad Lacdan University of the Philippines Manila Philippines [email protected] Anthony Lamb Forest Department Malaysia [email protected] Aida Lapis Ecosystems Research and Development Bureau Philippines [email protected] Liz Leith Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Stuart Lindsay Gardens by the Bay Singapore [email protected] g Virgilio Linis University of New England Australia [email protected] Eve Lucas Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK [email protected] David Mabberley Wadham College, University of Oxford; Macquarie UK/Australia [email protected] University, Sydney, Australia. Siti Munirah Mat Forest Research Institute Malaysia (Research Malaysia [email protected] Yunoh Officer) & Royal Botanic Garden Kew (Honorary Research Associate) Livia May ETH Zürich, Switzerland/ Royal Botanic Gardens, Switzerland [email protected] Kew John McNeill Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Melanie Medecilo De La Salle University - Dasmarinas Philippines [email protected] David Middleton Singapore Botanic Gardens Singapore [email protected] Chuck Miller Missouri Botanical Garden USA [email protected] Jamilah Mohd Salim Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Malaysia [email protected] Alison Moore Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK [email protected] Alexandra Muellner- Leipzig University & German Centre for Integrative Germany [email protected] Riehl Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Erizal Mukhtar Andalas University Indonesia [email protected] Nasril Nasir Andalas University Indonesia [email protected] Mark Newman Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Hetty Ninnis The Eden Project UK [email protected] Sławomir Nowak University of Gdansk Poland [email protected] Nurainas Andalas University Indonesia [email protected] Maksim Nuraliev Moscow State University Russia [email protected] Lucie Oldale The Eden Project UK [email protected] Sara Oldfield IUCN Global Trees Specialist Group UK [email protected]

10TH FLORA MALESIANA SYMPOSIUM, EDINBURGH 11–15 JULY 2016 | 87

Name Institute Country Contact Jay Edneil Olivar University of Santo Tomas Philippines [email protected] Roderic Page University of Glasgow UK [email protected] Jin Hyub Paik Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Korea [email protected] Biotechnology (KRIBB) Caroline Pannell Department of Plant Sciences, Oxford and Queen's UK [email protected] University Lyn Paraguison University of Santo Tomas Philippines [email protected] Barbara Parris Fern Research Foundation New Zealand [email protected] Pieter Pelser University of Canterbury – School of Biological New Zealand [email protected] Sciences Collin Pendry Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Darin Penneys University of North Carolina Wilmington USA [email protected] Toby Pennington Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Anthea Phillipps Sabah Forest Department Malaysia [email protected] Cosmo Phillipps Research Consultants UK [email protected] Honor Phillipps Borneo Research Consultants UK [email protected] Quentin Phillipps Borneo Research Consultants UK [email protected] Lisa Pokorny Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK [email protected] John Porter The Eden Project UK [email protected] Axel Dalberg Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Poulsen Carmen Puglisi Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] John Peter University of the Philippines, Los Baños Philippines [email protected] Quakenbush Maria Elena Department of Biology, University of the Philippines- Philippines [email protected] Ragragio Manila Sri Rahayu Center for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens – Indonesia [email protected] Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Subhani Ranasinghe Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Ruby Raterta Department of Science and Technology-Philippine Philippines [email protected] Council for Industry, Energy and Emerging Research and Development Duncan Reddish Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Katja Rembold University of Göttingen Germany [email protected] James Richardson Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Malin Rivers Botanic Gardens Conservation International UK [email protected] Michele Rodda Singapore Botanic Gardens Herbarium Singapore [email protected] Jens G. Rohwer University of Hamburg Germany [email protected] Louise Ronse de Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Craene Marco Roos Naturalis Biodiversity Center Netherlands [email protected] Rosario Rubite University of the Philippines Philippines [email protected] Saroj Naturalis Biodiversity Center Netherlands [email protected] Ruchisansakun Sommanussa The Forest Herbarium, Bangkok Thailand [email protected] Saengrit Martin Sands Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK [email protected] Yessi Santika Research Center for Biology - LIPI Indonesia [email protected] Rismita Sari James Cook University Australia [email protected] Leng Guan Saw Forest Research Institute Malaysia Malaysia [email protected] Jan Schnitzler University of Leipzig Germany [email protected] Andre Schuiteman Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK [email protected] Lesley Scott Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Joeni Setijo Rahajoe Research Center for Biology - LIPI Indonesia [email protected] Salwa Shahimi University of Reading UK [email protected] Sukontip The Forest Herbarium, Bangkok, Thailand/ Trinity Thailand/Irelan [email protected] Sirimongkol College Dublin d Erik Smets Naturalis Biodiversity Center Netherlands [email protected] Sy Sohmer Smithsonian Institution USA [email protected] Joeri Sergej Strijk College of Forestry, Guangxi University China [email protected] Somran Suddee The Forest Herbarium, Bangkok Thailand [email protected] Alex Summers Cambridge University Botanic Garden UK [email protected] Nanthawan The Forest Herbarium, Bangkok Thailand [email protected] Suphuntee Sasivimon Swangpol Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, Thailand [email protected] Mahidol University Syamsuardi Andalas University Indonesia [email protected] Daniel Thomas Singapore Botanic Gardens Singapore [email protected] Visotheary Ung National Museum of Natural History France [email protected] Timothy Utteridge Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK [email protected] JeF Veldkamp Naturalis Biodiversity Center Netherlands [email protected] Brenda R. Holy Infant College, Utap Hills, Tacloban City Philippines [email protected] Villacanas-Petersen Kerry S. Walter Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Wita Wardani Indonesian Institute of Sciences Indonesia [email protected]

88 | 10TH FLORA MALESIANA SYMPOSIUM, EDINBURGH 11–15 JULY 2016

Name Institute Country Contact Emily Warschefsky Florida International University & Fairchild Tropical USA [email protected] Botanic Garden Campbell Webb Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University USA [email protected] Lucy Wenger The Eden Project UK [email protected] Tony Whitten Fauna and Flora International UK [email protected] Peter Wilkie Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Wei-Bin Xu Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang China [email protected] Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences T.Y. Aleck Yang National Museum of Natural Science, Taiwan Taiwan [email protected] Jing Wei Yap Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK [email protected] Helen Yeats Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh UK [email protected] Ling Chea Yiing Sarawak Forestry Corporation Malaysia [email protected] Renyong Yu Naturalis Biodiversity Center Netherlands [email protected]

10TH FLORA MALESIANA SYMPOSIUM, EDINBURGH 11–15 JULY 2016 | 89 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

FLORA OF BANGKA – A PRELIMINARY CHECK LIST

E. Nurtjahya1, E. Sari1, A. Anggraeni1, U. Umroh1, R. Robika1, T. Alesti1, D. Andayani2, S. Selviana2, D. Frilano3, M. Sari3, N. Nurhidayah3, S. Virgianty3, S. Rahmawati3, Y. Yusita3, D.S. Fiona3, F. Fitri3, S. Sarinah3, Z. Zalia3, R.S. Tarmie4, D. Setiadi5, E. Guharja5, Y. Setiadi5, I. Muhadiono5, D. Dorly5, D. Susanto6, H. Rustiami7

1Universitas Bangka Belitung, Kampus UBB Balunijuk, Merawang 33172, Bangka Belitung, Indonesia; email: [email protected] 2Program Studi Biologi, Student at Universitas Bangka Belitung, Indonesia 3Alumnus Program Studi Biologi, Universitas Bangka Belitung, Indonesia 4Alumnus Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pertanian – STIPER Bangka, Indonesia 5Departemen Biologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor - IPB, Indonesia 6BKSDA Sumatra Selatan Resort Konservasi Wilayah IX, Indonesia 7Puslit Biologi, LIPI, Indonesia

Abstract

Bangka Island is located at the east of Sumatra Island, Indonesia. The island, was well known as white pepper producer in the past, together with Belitung Island is the second largest tin producer in the world. The island has a surface of 11,700 km2 and is mainly lowland below 50 m with some hills at 400 – 700 m. It has type-A climate, with an average daily temperature of 23 – 32oC, and an average annual rainfall of approximately 2,400 mm. Bangka Island is in Riow pocket which has flora specific. Primary and secondary data, mostly in the last ten years, were collected from various sites across the island. They record up to 1200 species of nearly 200 families of terrestrial, aquatic, mangrove, and offshore plant species. Approximately 500 tree species, 180 shrub, and more than 300 herb species are listed, besides bryophytes and ferns, algal and seagrass species.

Key words: flora of Bangka, check list, lowland, hot and wet weather, Bangka

INTRODUCTION

Bangka Island was well known as white pepper producer in the past, together with Belitung Island is the second largest tin producer in the world. It is found south east of Sumatra Island, 1o20” – 3o7” S; and 105o – 107oE. The island has a surface of 11,700 km2 and is mainly lowland below 50 m with some hills at 400 – 700 m. The stratigraphy of Bangka Island consists of four major units i.e. Ranggam group (upper tertiary – quartenary), fan formation (lower tertiary), Tempilang sandstone (middle to upper Triassic), and Pemali group (upper Paleozoic). The latter is composed of granite and slate that is frequently covered with sandstone, laterite, and alluvium (Ko 1986). The population of Bangka Island is 1,078,371 people (BPPDS-BPS 2015). It has type-A climate, with an average daily temperature of 23 – 32oC, average humidity of 62%, and an average annual rainfall of approximately 2,400 mm. Bangka Island is in Riow pocket which has flora specific (Laumonier 1997). The average pH of the is acid below five and has high aluminum content, with dominated by red-yellow podzolic (BPPDS-BPS 2012).

1 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Bangka and Belitung islands are reported as the only places where extensive areas of heath forest and padang vegetation can be found in Sumatra Island (Whitten et al. 2000). The forest soil properties at 0-20 cm: pH (H20) is 4.7, sand composition was 78%, its C/N ratio is 10, its P2O5 is 22 mg/100g, its K2O is 5 mg/100g, its CEC is 5.8 cmol(+)/kg, and B is 7% (Nurtjahya et al. 2009). The average number of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores per 50 g soil in 0-20 cm in forest soil is 15.0 with 4 genera and Glomus Tul. & Tul. (Glomaceae) was dominant (57%), while the total average of phosphate solubilizing bacteria colonies was 4.4 x 105 / g soil / dominant plant species (Nurtjahya et al. 2009). The dominance index of the riparian forest for seedling, sapling, pole and tree was 0.03 - 0.15 with its Shannon Wiener index for four growth stadium was 0.77 - 0.87 (Nurtjahya et al. 2009). Tin mining activity increases the sand faction and decreases the silt and clay factions and reduces the concentration of macronutrients, especially phosphate and potassium. The mining activity changes the vegetation structure and composition. The number of individuals, species, and families is reduced. The vegetation structure of 38-year old tin-mined land was less than 2% similar to the vegetation structure of a riparian forest (Nurtjahya et al. 2009).

METHODS

Primary (24.7%), secondary, and unpublished data mostly in the last ten years were collected from 174 sites across the island at undisturbed forest: riparian, low-land forest, peat swamp forest, cultivated area, and tin-mined sites, and some offshore sites (Figure 1). Most of the data 80.5% are terrestrial species. Data was also collected from sapu-sapu vegetation or padang vegetation (Whitten et al. 2000), where sapu-sapu (Baeckea frutescens L.) is dominant, and the tallest trees usually not higher than 6 m.

Figure 1 Study sites

Published information (Hildebrand 1952, Drees 1954, Widjaja 1991, Nurtjahya et al. 2009) and unpublished data of mostly undergraduate theses of students of Universitas Bangka Belitung were used by the authors to enrich the database. Some of voucher specimens of the collections made by the authors and colleagues are deposited at the Herbarium Bangka Belitungense (HBB) in Universitas Bangka Belitung.

2 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

RESULT

The result records up to 1255 species of 200 families of terrestrial, aquatic, mangrove, and offshore plant species in Bangka Island. Approximately 557 tree species, 187 shrub, and more than 340 herb species are listed, besides 42 species of bryophytes and ferns, algal and seagrass species.

Acanthaceae Acanthus ilicifolius L. adu-adu, jeruju Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall. ex Nees sambiloto Asystasia nemorum Nees rumput Avicennia alba Blume api-api Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. sia-sia putih Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff. daun wungu Justicia gendarussa Burm. F gandarusa Strobilanthes crispus Bl. keci beling Thunbergia bancana Bremek Acanthus ebracteatus Vahl. duri buaya Actinidiaceae Saurauia sp. Adiantaceae Pityrogramma sp. Taenitis blechnoides (Willd.) Sw. paku rusa Agavaceae

Polianthes tuberosa L. sedap malam Aizoaceae Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) L. gelang laut Alismataceae Echinodorus palaefolius (Nees & Mart.) J.F.Macbr. melati air Amaranthaceae Amaranthus spinosus L bayam berduri Amaranthus tricolor L. bayam cabut Celosia argentea L. ati-ati Gomphrena globosa L. adas-adas Amarylidaceae Curculigo capitulata Kuntze celambek Curculigo latifolia Dryand jelangau Anacardiaceae Anacardium occidentale L jambu mete Bouea burmanica Griff. gandaria, raman Bouea macrophylla Griff. gandariah Bouea oppositifolia (Roxb.) urisen Buchanania arborescens (Blume) Blume mempao, rengas manuk Campnosperma auriculata (Blume) Hook.f. terentang Campnosperma coriaceum (Jack) Hallier f. Campnosperma macrophylla Hook.f. lemajer Gluta renghas L. rengas Gluta velutina Blume mengkikir Mangifera caesia Jack binjai Mangifera griffithii Hook.f. munder Mangifera indica L. mangga

3 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Mangifera magnifica Kochummen tandong Mangifera microphylla Griffith ex Hooker f. asam rawa Mangifera odorata Griffith kueni Mangifera similis Blume asam rawa, asam telor Melanochyla sp. medang rungu Melanorrhoea wallichii Hook.f. rengas manuk Semecarpus heterophyllus Blume rengas putih Semecarpus longifolius Blume terentang Spondias dulcis L. kedondong Spondias venulosa (Engl.) Engl. Anchistrocladaceae Anchistrocladus tectorius (Loureiro) Merrill belubus Anisophylleaceae Anisophyllea disticha (Jack) Baill. iding-iding Combretocarpus rotundatus (Miq.) Danser teruntom Annonaceae Pyramidanthe prismatica (Hook.f. & Thomson) Alphonsea teysmannii Boerl. mempisang Anaxagorea scortechinii King gerubeg Annona muricata L. nangka belanda; sirsak Annona squamosa L. srikaya Artabotrys suaveolens (Blume) Blume akar kelat Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson kenanga Cyathocalyx bancanus Boerl. mentulin, tembem ridleyi King penem Goniothalamus tapis Miq. ketinggi bayan Meiogyne cylindrocarpa (Burck) Heusden Mezzettia leptopoda Hk.f. & Th. mangkai Mezzettia parviflora Becc. limang Monocarpia marginalis (R. Scheff.) J.Sincl. melilin Polyalthia longfoliaSoon dodokan tiang Polyalthia cauliflora Hook.f. & Thomson melipan Polyalthia glauca (Hassk.) F.Muell. dada burung Polyalthia hypoleuca Hook.f. & Thomson ridis Polyalthia sumatrana (Miq.) Kurz banet Uvaria bancana Scheff. Xylopia caudata Hook.f. & Thomson Xylopia glauca Boerl. gerubak, kekup Xylopia malayana Hook.f. & Thomson suloh Apiaceae Hydrocotyle sibthorpiodes Lamk semanggi Apium graveolens L daun sop Centella asiatica (L.) Urban pegagan Apocynaceae Allamanda angustifolia Pohl alamanda

Alstonia angustifolia Wall. ex A. DC. pelaik Alstonia eximia Miq. Alstonia scholaris L. R. Br. jelutung Alstonia spathulata Blume gabus Anodendron sp. Catharanthus roseus (L.) Don. tapak dara Cerbera odollam Gaertn. mangga laut Dyera costulata Hook. F. jelutung Dyera lowii Hook.F jelutung rawa

4 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Hoya anulata Schltr. Hoya carnosa R.Br. Hoya caudata Hook.f. Hoya cinnamomifelia Hooker Hoya coronaria Blume Hoya cystiantha Schltr. ex T. Green Hoya imprealis Lindl. Hoya lacunosa Blume Hoya macrophylla Wight Hoya micrantha Hook.f. Hoya multiflora Blume Hoya purpureo-fusca Blume Hoya revoluta Wight Hoya scortechinii King & Gamble Hoya verticilata (Vahl) G.Don Kibatalia maingayi (Hook.f.) Woodson menseper Nerium oleander L. oleander Plumeria alba L. kamboja Rauvolfia verticillata (Loureiro) Baillon mempayong Rauwolfia perakensis King et Gamble Tabernaemontana orientalis R.Br. Brown Tabernaemontana pandacaqui Poir. remang Urceola brachysepala Hook.f. akar ketol Willughbeia edulis Roxb. mengeles Aquifoliaceae Ilex alternifolia Loes sekel Ilex cymosa Blume mensirak Ilex wallichii Hook.f. mesirak/ merpalak llex bogoriensis Loes mensira Araceae Acorus calamus L. jeringau Aglaonema crispum (Pitcher & Manda) Nicolson sri rejeki Aglaonema simplex Blume keladi utan Amorphophallus campanulatus Blume ex Decne Anthurium andraeanum Lind. kuping gajah Caladium sp keladi hias Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott kimpul/tales Epipremnum aureum Engler. sirih gading Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. sirih gading Lasia spinosa THW. keladi hitam berduri Pistia stratiotes L. keramon Pothos sp keladi lelap Typhonium roxburghii Schott keladi tikus Araliaceae Arthrophyllum diversifolium Blume juluk antu Nothopanax scutellarium Merr. mangkokan Araucariaceae Agathis alba Warb. damar Arecaceae Areca catechu L. pinang Areca triandra Roxb. ex Buch.-Ham. pinang yang Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr. kabung Calamus ahlidurii Fernando raut getea Calamus axillaris Becc.

5 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Calamus elopurensis J.Dransf. rotan cacieng Calamus erinaceaus (Becc.) J.Dransf. manau padi Calamus gibbsianus Becc. rotan jalien Calamus longifena manau Calamus manan Miq. manau Calamus oxleyanus T.B. ex Miq. manau padei Calamus perakensis Becc. rutan lelinga' Calamus polystachys Becc. rutan geta Calamus rugosus Becc. rutan kiker Calamus scabridulus Becc. wae kiker/buluh Calamus scipionum Lam. Draco rutan semambuk Cocos nucifera L. kelapa hijau Corypha utan Lamk. gebang Cyrtostachys renda Blume palem merah Daemonorops angustifolia (Griff.) Mart. manau bucit Daemonorops didymophylla Becc rutan caceng Daemonorops grandis (Griff.) Mart. rutan paldas Daemonorops korthalsii Blume wei Daemonorops kunstleri Becc. rutan Daemonorops melanochaetes Blume lundang Daemonorops palembanica Blume wei Daemonorops periacantha Miq. lundeng nior Daemonorops Becc. rutan laki Daemonorops trichroa Miq. rotan Elaeis guineensis Jacq. sawit Eleiodoxa conferta (Griff.) Burret kelubi Korthalsia debilis Bl. wae melandeng taj ayem Korthalsia echinometra Becc. wae udang Korthalsia flagellaris Miq. wae dean Korthalsia rigida H.T.W. Tan wae melandeng besak Korthalsia rostrata Blume wae semoet Licuala paludosa Griff. palem kipas Licuala pumila Blume palas Livistona saribus (Lour.) Merr. ex A.Chev. gegali/palem kipas Metroxylon sagu Rottb. rumbia Myrialepis paradoxa (Kurz) J.Dransf. wei Nenga pumila (Blume) H.Wendl. pinang gilie Nypa fruticans Wurmb nipah Orania sylvicola (Griff.) H.E. Moore ibul Pinanga malaiana Scheff. remuding Plectocomia elongata Mart. ex Blume pebuer Plectocomia muelleri Becc. rutan babi

Plectocomiopsis geminiflora (Griff.) Becc. rotan Salacca edulis Reinw. salak Calamus axleyanus manau pedei Calamus javensis Blume wae peledes Caryota mitis Lour tukas Daemonorops crinita Blume wae lemah Daemonorops fissa Blume hendeng, sertong, kitok mangkura Daemonorops lewisiana (Griff.) Mart. wae Daemonorops longipes (Griff.) Mart. wae beabey Oncosperma tigillarium (Jack) Ridl. nibung Asparagaceae Asparagus officinalis L. asparagus

6 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Dracaena reflexa Lam. bunga jamaica Aspleniaceae Asplenium cuneatum Lam. Asplenium nidus L. Asplenium platyneuron (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. Asteraceae Achillea millefolium L. daun seribu Ageratum conyzoides L. Artemisia vulgaris L baru cina balsamifera (L.) DC. sembung /kecapa Brachyscome iberidifolia Benth. bunga peacok Chromolaena odorata (L.) King & H.E. Robins. Chrysanthemum indicum L bunga krisan Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. krisan Clibadium surinamense L. kelingkak jawa Dahlia sp. bunga dahlia Elephantopus scaber L. tapak liman Eupatorium inulifolium Kunth. rumput busuk Eupatorium odoratum L. serunai Eupatorium pallescens DC. Eupatorium triplinerve Vahl. anonim Gynura procumbens (Blume) Miq. sambung nyawa Helianthus annuus L. kembang matahari Pluchea indica (L.) Less beluntas Rolandra fruticosa (L.) Kuntze rumput tajam Sonchus arvensis L tempuyung Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray papahitan Tridax procumbens L. Vernonia arborea Schreb. Ham mentepung Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. Wedelia biflora DC. serunai laut Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc. kembang kuning Athyriaceae Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. Azollaceae Azolla sp. azolla Balsaminaceae Impatiens balsamina Buch. Ham. ex D.Don pacar air Basellaceae Anredera cordifolia (Ten) Stee binahong Begoniaceae Begonia acerifolia Kunth bunga begonia Deplanchea bancana (Sheffer) Steenis mengkubang Radermachera lobbii (Teijsm. & Binn.) Miq. mentui, tui Blechnaceae Blechnum capense (L.) Schltdl. paku-pakuan 1 Stenochlaena palustris Bedd. akar melat Bombacaceae Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. kapok Durio zibethinus Rumph. ex Murray Boraginaceae Pteleocarpus lampongus Bakh. medang batu Brassicaceae Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. sawi putih

7 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Brassica rapa L. sawi pakcoy Nasturtium officinale R. Br. selada air Raphanus sativus L. lobak Bromeliaceae Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. nanas Bromelia multicolor bromelia Burmanniaceae Burmannia bancana Miq Burseraceae Dacryodes costata (A.W.Benn.) H.J.Lam bunjau, sudur bajan, sekiboi Dacryodes nervosa (H. J. Lam) Leenk. asam - asam Dacryodes rostrata (Blume) H.J.Lam kemajau, rengas putih Dacryodes rugosa (Blume) H.J.Lam Santiria griffithii (Hook. f.) Engl. menyantong Santiria laevigata Bl. berembang, beruas Santiria oblongifolia Blume resak Santiria rubiginosa Blume ketinggir bajan, mertukul Santiria tomentosa Bl. asam - asam, mengkubu, merah kuku Triomma malaccensis Hook.f. ketinggir bajan, sudur bajan, medang ampel, rengas Butomaceae Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms enceng gondok Cactaceae Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose buah naga Calophyllaceae Calophyilum lanigerum Miq. bettor Calophyllum ferrugineum Ridl. betur belulang Calophyllum inophyllum L. camplung Calophyllum macrocarpum Hook.f. mentangor Calophyllum nodosum Vesque Calophyllum pulcherrimum Wall. ex Choisy betor padi, bitangur bunga, bitangur perit metangur, metangur batu, metangur bunga Calophyllum retusum Wall. ex Planch. & Triana miding Calophyllum rigidum Miq. Calophyllum sclerophyllum Vesque bintangur jangkang Calophyllum soulattri Burm.f. bunut jangkar Calophyllum tetrapterum Miq. Kayea ferruginea Pierre uris Cannaceae Canna discolor Lindl. ganyong Caricaceae Carica papaya L. pepaya Casuarinaceae Casuarina equisetifolia L. cemara Caulerpaceae Caulerpa cupressoides (Vahl) C.Agardh Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskål) J.Agardh Celastraceae Lophopetalum javanicum (Zoll.) Turcz. perupuk Bhesa paniculata Arn. kuku kedabang Euonymus indicus B.Heyne ex Wall. Kurrimia robusta (Roxb.) Kurz. jurung laki Lophopetalum beccarianum Pierre perupuk

8 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Salacia grandiflora Kurz Solenospermum javanicum Zoll. perupuk Salacia macrophylla Blume kelumpang tangga/akar kelumpang Characeae Chara sp. Chrysobalanaceae Atuna racemosa Raf. kayu batu Licania splendens (Korth.) Prance Maranthes corymbosa Bl. Parinarium corymbosum (Blume) Miq. batu Parinarium glaberrimum Hassk. keranji hutan,salak Clusiaceae Garacinia celebica L. beruas Garcinia atroviridis Griff. ex T.Anderson semilang Garcinia bancana Miq. mentaon Garcinia brevirostris Scheff. Garcinia lateriflora Blume jawura Garcinia mangostana L. manggis Garcinia parvifolia (Miq.) Miq. kandis Garcinia riedeliana Pierre Garcinia binucao (Blanco) Choisy munder Garcinia rostrata Hassk. ex Hook.f. kebentit Combretaceae Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. Terminalia catappa L. ketapang laut Commelinaceae Commelina multiflora M.Martens & Galeotti rumput bulu Commelina nudiflora L. rumput bulu-bulu Rhoeo discolor (L.) Hance. adam hawa Connaraceae Connarus sp. Rourea minor (Gaertn.) Alston Convolvulaceae Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. kangkung Ipomoea batatas L. bijur Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) Sweet. katang-katang Jacquemontia paniculata (Burm.f.) Hallier f. Merremia mammosa Hall. f. bidadara Corallinaceae Amphiroa fragilissima (L) J.V. Lamouroux Corallina sp. Jania adhaerens J.V. Lamouroux Cornaceae Mastixia bracteata C.B.Clarke mengkapas Mastixia pentandra Blume mengkapas Mastixia trichotoma Bl. medang puntung Crassulaceae Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. cocor bebek Ctenolophoraceae Ctenolophon parvifolius Oliv Cucurbitaceae Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai semangka Cucumis melo L. beliwo Cucumis sativus L. mentimun

9 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Cucurbita moschata Durch labu kuning Cucurbita sp. waluh Lagenaria leucantha Rusby labu aik Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. oyong Momordica charantia Descourt. peria Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. labu siam Cupressaceae Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco cemara kipas Cycadaceae Cycas rumphii Miq. pakis haji Cymodoceaceae Cymodocea rotundata Asch. & Schweinf. Cymodocea serrulata (R.Br.) Asch. & Magnus Halodule pinifolia (Miki) den Hartog Halodule uninervis (Forsskal) Ascherson Cyperaceae Cyperus eragrostis Lam. Cyperus papyrus L. rumput Cyperus polystachyos Rottb. Cyperus rotundus L. Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult. Eleocharis dulcis (Burm. f.) Trin. ex Henschel Eleocharis ochrostachys Steudel pucut Fimbristylis dichotoma (L.) Vahl. rumput Fimbristylis ovata (Burm.f.) J.Kern rumput jarum Fimbristylis pauciflora R.Br. Brown rumput jenggot Fuirena umbellata Rottb. seding Kyllinga monocephala Rottb. Lepironia articulata (Retz.) Domin purun Oreobolus kuekenthalii Steenis ex Kük. rumput merah Scirpodendron ghaeri (Gaertn.) Merr. padan seding Scleria laevis Willd. serendai Scleria purpurascens Steud. serendai Daphniphyllaceae Daphniphyllum laurinum (Benth.) Baill. medang mencenak Daphniphyllum sp. mentepung pahit Dasycladaceae Bornetella nitida Sonder Neomeris sp. Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn mengkirai Dicranaceae Campylopus serratus Sande Lacoste lumut Dictyotaceae Padina australis Hauck Dilleniaceae Dillenia excelsa (Jack) Martelli ex Gilg. simpur rimba Dillenia indica L. simpur Dillenia pulchella Gilg mehimer Dillenia suffruticosa (Griff ex Hook.f. & Thomson) Martelli simpur Dillenia sumatrana Miq. simpur Tetracera scandens (Linn.) Merr.

Tetracera indica (L.) Merr. akar ampelas Dioscoreaceae

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Dioscorea alata L. akar duri Dioscorea esculenta L. gembili Dioscorea kingii R.Knuth Anisoptera marginata Korth. tenam Dipterocarpus appendiculatus Scheff. laden Dipterocarpus eurynchus Miq. Dipterocarpus gracilis Blume keruing, ladan, medang kerikis, melekuang Dipterocarpus grandiflorus (Blanco) Blanco keruing Dipterocarpus hasseltii Blume keruing Hopea diversifolia Miq. bubuh , kedemut , raman, sasak , sasak lingga Hopea dryobalanoides Miq. sapet Hopea mengerawan Miq. mengerawan , merawan , mergawan, tengerewen Hopea sangal Korth. kedemut , cengal , cengal batu Shorea balangeran Korth. belangir , melangir Shorea gibbosa Brandis sengigir , tengigir Shorea leprosula Miq. meranti , remante , meranti batu , meranti kamirai , ngarawan , meranti bunga Shorea ovalis (Korth.) Bl., berangau , damar , kelukup , kelukup Shorea platycarpa Heim asem - asem , meranti batu , meranti, lelap , seraja Shorea teysmanniana Dyer ex Brandis meranti Shorea uliginosa Foxw. meranti batu , seraja Vatica chartacea P.S.Ashton Vatica pauciflora (Korth.) Bl. resak bunga , resak lumai Vatica perakensis King Vatica rassak (Korth.) Blume resak Vatica teysmanniana Burck resek sianten Vatica venulosa Blume meranti Dracaenaceae Sansevieria trifasciata Hort. Ex Prain. lidah mertua Droseraceae Drosera burmanii Vahl. anonim a Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris sp. Nephrolepsis exaltata var. bostoniensis paku tanah Ebenaceae Diospyros bangkana Bakh. Diospyros bantamensis Koord. & Valeton ex Bakh. kayu hitam Diospyros blancoi A. DC. buah mentega Diospyros buxifolia (Blume) Hiern. melalat , meralek Diospyros frutescens Blume Diospyros hermaphroditica (Zoll.) Bakh. ex Steenis medang lutung Diospyros malaccensis Bakh. arang Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus floribundus Blume gelarit, kelampak, rengkat Elaeocarpus glabra BL. mata kelik Elaeocarpus littoralis Teijsm. & Binn. ex Kurz. menteralang Elaeocarpus mastersii King sabarinjap Elaeocarpus miquelii Hochr. sabarinjap

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Elaeocarpus nitidus Jack leting Elaeocarpus palembanicus (Miq.) Corner Elaeocarpus petiolatus (Jack) Wallich ex Steudel mensubang/mensubal Elaeocarpus serratus Linnaeus kepondong Elaeocarpus stipularis Blume pengengkang Elaeocarpus valetonii Hochr. rempuding Muntingia calabura L. batang seri Epacridaceae Styphelia malayana (Jack) Spreng rumput padi Equisetaceae Equisetum hyemale l paku ekor kuda Ericaceae Arbutus unedo L. Rhododendron longiflorum Lindl. Vaccinium bancanum Miq. Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb. rangkas Eriocaulaceae Eriocaulon aquaticum (Hill) Druce Erythroxylaceae Erythroxylum cuneatum Blume kayu muntoh Euphorbiaceae Acalypha hispida Burm. F ekor kucing Aleurites moluccanus (L.) Willd. kemiri Chaetocarpus castanocarpus (Roxb.) Thwaites besi Claoxylon longifolium (Blume) Endl. ex Hassk. Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Blume puring Croton tiglium L. ceraken Drypetes sp. segan Endospermum malaccense Benth. ex Müll.Arg. nyelanding , paong Euphorbia hirta L. kebo; daun: lomah lemeh Euphorbia milii Ch.des Moulins kembang euphorbia Excoecaria agallocha L. buta-buta Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour. Fl. Cochinch dara-dara Havea brasiliensis Muell. Arg karet

Homalanthus novo-guineensis (Warb.) Lauterb. & K.Schum Jatropha curcas L. jarak Jatropha multifida L. ampisilin Macaranga bancana (Miq.) Műll.Arg. Macaranga curtisii Hook.f. mempaung Macaranga gigantea (Reichb.f. & Zoll.) Mull.Arg. mempari , mendolang , mendulang Macaranga hosei King ex Hook.f. ketipung Macaranga involucrata (F. Muell.) L.M. Perry mahang Macaranga javanica (Blume) Müll.Arg. mahang

Macaranga pruinosa (Miq.) Mull.Arg. mencarang Macaranga tanarius Mull.Arg. Macaranga trichocarpa (Rchb.f. & Zoll.) Müll.Arg. Macaranga triloba (Reinw. ex Blume) Müll.Arg. mempari mang

Manihot utilissima Pohl. singkong Neoscortechinia kingii (Hook.f.) Pax & K.Hoffm. telapak kera Ostodes pendula (Hassk.) A.Meeuse Phyllanthus niruri L. meniran Ricinus communis L. jarak; bunga: juwis Sapium baccatum Roxb. memaje Sapium discolor (Champ.) Müll.Arg. ludai

12 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr. cangkok manis Trigonopleura malayana Hook.f. gambir hutan, celengau Breynia cernua (Poir.) Mull.Arg. kayu hutan Hevea brasiliensis Mull.Arg. karet Macaranga hullettii King ex Hook.f. mengkumang Mallotus paniculatus (Lam.) Müll.Arg. balik angin Abrus precatorius L. sagak Acacia mangium Willd. akasia Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth. akasia Adenanthera microsperma L. saga Adenanthera tamarindifolia Pierre sungkai

Afzelia javanica (Miq.) J. Léonard Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr. trembesi Arachis hypogaea L. kacang Arachis pintoi L. clypearia (Jack) I.C.Nielsen ketik ajung Archidendron fagifolium (Miq.) I.C.Nielsen jering tikus Archidendron microcarpum (Benth.) I.C.Nielsen petai tupai Archidendron oppositum (Miq.) I.C.Nielsen Archidendron pauciflorum (Benth.) I.C.Nielsen jering Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. kembang merak Caesalpinia sappan L. kayu secang Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC. prevat pantai Canavalia lineanta (Thunb.) DC. kacang laut Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC. kara laut Cassia alata L ketepeng Clitoria sp. Clitoria ternatea L Crotalaria pallida Aiton Crotalaria sp. Cynometra cauliflora L. nam-nam Dalbergia scortechinii (Prain) Prain Dendrolobium umbellatum (L.) Benth. banak Derris elliptica Bth. tuba Dialium indum L. keranji Erythrina variegata L. dadap

Ficus elastica Roxb. karet Glycine max L. kedelai Glyricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud. kayu embun Inocarpus fagifer (Parkinson ex Zollinger) Fosberg gayam Koompassia malaccensis Maingay ex Benth. menggeris Leucaena glauca Benth. petai cina Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. petai cina Mimosa pudica L. putri malu Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. kara; bunga: kepek Ormosia bancana (Miq.) Merr. lagak, saga Ormosia sumatrana (Miq.) Prain kupang Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. bengkoang Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) I.C. Nielsen sangon Parkia speciosa Hassk. petai Pericopsis sp. merbau lobatum Benth. jengkol Pithecellobium sp. jering tikus

13 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre tangi Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) D.C. kecipir; bunga: cethethet Pterocarpus indicus Willd. angsana Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers. turi Tamarindus indica L. asam jawa Uraria lagopoides (L.) DC rumput kacang-kacang Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek kacang hijau Vigna unguiculata sesquipedalis (L.) Verdc. kacang lanjaran Calopogonium caeruleum Benth. kacang-kacangan sawit Desmodium heterocarpon (L.) DC Senna alata (L.) Roxb. ketipeng Erythrina subumbrans (Hassk.) Merr. dadap serep Fagaceae Castanea costata Blume berangan Castanopsis cf javanica (Bl.) DC. peripit Castanopsis costata Bl. berang Castanopsis inermis (Lindl.) Benth. & Hook. f. berang Lithocarpus bennetti F. Muell. medang Lithocarpus blumeanus (Korth.) Rehder kabal putih Lithocarpus elegans (Blume) Hatus. ex Soepadmo kabel Lithocarpus sp. 2 kabel hitam Lithocarpus spicatus (Sm.) Rehder & E.H.Wilson Lithocarpus sundaicus (Blume) Rehder kerangkaj Lithocarpus urceolaris (Jack) Merr. berang Quercus gemelliflora Blume mempinang Quercus subsericea A.Camus bunting Flacourtia rukam Zoll.&Mor. rukam Scolopia spinosa Warb. rukam hutan Fucaceae Cystoseira sp 1 Galaxauraceae Actinotrichia fragilis (Forsskåll) Børgesen Galaxaura filamentosa R.C.Y. Chou Gelidiaceae Gelidium latifolium Bornet ex Hauck Gesneriaceae Aeschynanthus sp. Gleicheniaceae Dicranopteris curranii Copel. resam gajah Dicranopteris linearis (Burm. f.) Underw. resam lilit Gleichenia linearis (Burm. f.) paku resam Gleichenia truncata (Willd.) Spreng resam padi Gnetaceae Gnetum gnemon L. melinjo Goodeniaceae Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb bakung-bakung Gracilariaceae Gracilaria arcuata Zanardini Halimedaceae Halimeda mucroloba Decaisne Halimeda opuntia (L.) J.V. Lamouroux Halimeda simulans Howe Haloragaceae

14 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verd. bulu burung Heliconiaceae Heliconia collinsiana Griggs pisang hias Hemerocallidaceae Dianella montana Blume rumput tegari Dianella nemorosa Lam. rumput belau Hippocratiaceae Salacia korthalsiana Miq. keluntang tangga Hydrocharitaceae Blyxa echinosperma (C.B.Clarke) Hook.f. lamun Enhalus acoroides (Linnaeus f.) Royle Halophila minor (Zoll.) Hartog Halophila ovalis (R.Brown) J.D.Hooker Holophila spinulosa (R.Brown) Ascherson Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle hidrila/rumput air Najas sp. Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb.) Asch. Hypericaceae Cratoxylum arborescens (Vahl) Blume gerunggang Cratoxylum cochinchinense (Lour.) Blume ampat, ampet, kemutun, tembutun Cratoxylum formosum (Jack) Dyer mengkijang Cratoxylum glaucum Korth. idat Icacinaceae Cantleya corniculata (Bacc.) Howard mendaru, mendaru minyak pedaru, samak Platea sp. medang cabik Stemonurus malaccensis (Mast.) Sleumer luget Stemonurus scorpioides Becc. mentulang Iridaceae Eleutherine americana Merr. bawang sebrang Isoetaceae Isoetes sp. Ixonanthaceae Ixonanthes petiolaris Blume jurong, gerunggang Ixonanthes sp. ngelasi Juglandaceae Engelhardia sp. baberi, beri, lengkedip, rekidi Lamiaceae Callicarpa pentandra Roxb. Clerodendrum japonicum (Thunb.) Sweet. bunga pagoda Clerodendrum leparensis Koldenke Clerodendrum vilossum Blume Coleus atropurpureus Benth jewer kotok Mentha arvensis L daun poko Ocimum basilicum L kemangi Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. kumis kucing Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. nilam Tectona grandis L.f. jati Teijsmanniodendron ahernianum (Merr.) Bakh. Actinodaphne glomerata (Blume) Nees medang, medang bidadari Alseodaphne bancana Nees medang, medang cempaka, medang kuning, medang putih, medang sirai Beilschmiedia madang Blume. medang, medang merah, medang

15 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

bakul, medang tanah Cassytha filiformis L. mas-mas Cinnamomum parthenoxylon (Jack) Meisn. medang lesak, medang sahang Cinnamomum porrectum (Roxb.) Kosterm. Cryptocarya caesia Blume Cryptocarya crassinervia Miq. Cryptocarya infectoria (BL.) Miq. Cynamomum aromaticum Nees kayu manis Dehaasia cuneata (Blume) Blume medang, medang putih, medang bungkal Dehaasia firma Blume. medang peser Dehaasia teijsmannii Kosterm. Endiandra rubescens (Blume) Miq. medang Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm. & Binn. bulian angulata Blume medang kole, medang kuning, medang mali, medang putih Litsea firma (Blum) Hook.f. medang Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C.B. Rob Litsea noronhae Blume. Litsea resinosa Blume medang kelabu asap Litsea rubiginosa (Blume) Boerl.

Litsea umbellata (Lour.) Merr. medang 1 Machilus sp. medang puser Meissn sp. medang sang, medang tanah , medang sahang Neolitsea cassiaefolia (Bl.) Merr. medang balembang, medang putih belakang Neolitsea dealbata (R. Br.) Merr. medang sang Nothaphoebe sp. medang keladi Persea americana Mill. alpukat Phoebe declinata Nees medang batu bini

Phoebe excelsa (Bl.) Nees medang sang Phoebe opaca Blume medang pisang, medang puser Lecythidaceae Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz bogem Barringtonia curranii Merr. putat Barringtonia lanceolata (Ridl.) Payens anonim a Barringtonia reticulata (Blume) Miq. sembilang Leeaceae Leea aculeata Blume ex Spreng mensemu Leea indica (Burm.f.) Merr. tahi punai Lemnaceae Lemna perpusilla Torr. gulma itik Lentibulariaceae Utricularia sp. kariamon Leucobryaceae Leucobryum aduncum Dozy & Molk. lumut Liliaceae Allium cepa L. bawang merah Allium sativum L. bawang putih Asparagus densiflorus (Kunth) Jessop asparagus ekor tupai Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A.Chev. hanjuang Dracaena surculosa Lindl. anonim Lilium sp. bakung,

16 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Limnocharitaceae Limnocharis flava (L.) Buchenau genjer Linderniaceae Lindernia stemodioides (Miq.) Merr. rumput seledri Loganiaceae Fagraea auriculata Jack Fagraea elliptica Roxb. samsu, tambesu Lomentariaceae Ceratodictyon variabilis (Grev. ex J. Agardh) Loranthaceae Loranthus sp. kemladheyan; daun: kumudu Scurrula fusca G.Don. benalu di pohon Lycopodiaceae Lycopodium carinatum Desv. Lycopodium cernuum L. terak ayam Lycopodium clavatum L. Lycopodium hamiltonii Spreng Lycopodium mummularifolium Blume Lycopodium phlegmaria L. Lycopodium squarrosum L. Lythraceae Sonneratia alba Griff. perapat laut Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engl. pedada Pemphis acidula J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. santigi Lawsonia inermis L. daun pacar kayu Magnoliaceae Aromadendron elegans Blume medang, mempau, medang seluang Magnolia alba (D.C.) Figlar & Noot. kanthil Malvaceae Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. kembang sepatu Hibiscus sabdariffa L. rosela Hibiscus surattensis L. cibuk utan Pterocymbium beccari K. Schumann Pterocymbium tubulatum (Masters) Pierre Sida cordifolia Linn. Sida rhombifolia L. sapu cina Tarenna fragrans (Blume) Koord. & Valeton. mentulang kera Theobroma cacao L. coklat Thespesia populnea (L.) Sol. ex Corrêa waru-lot Hibiscus tiliaceus L. waru Marantaceae Calathea insignis Hort. bulu ayam Maranta arundinacea L. sagu rarot Marchantiaceae Marchantia sp. lumut Melastomaceae Melastoma candidum D. Don kemunting Memecylon edule Roxb. Memecylon sp. menteras Pternandra caerulescens Jack Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don mangsi Medinilla crassifolia Blume akar anjung api Melastoma malabathricum L. kedebik Pternandra azurea (Blume) Burkill

17 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Pternandra galeata (Korth.) Ridl. memeteng Pternandra rostrata (Cogn.) Nayar Meliaceae Aglaia argentea Blume langsat Aglaia glabrata Teijsm. & Binn. Aglaia odoratissima Bl. bunyeng Aglaia oligophylla Miq. mengkekang Aglaia tomentosa Teijsm. & Binn. Amoora rubiginosa Hiern parak air, parak api Azadiractha indica A. Juss. mimba Chisocheton patens Blume mempisang Dysoxylum acutangulum Miq. ketinggir bajan, membalo, membalun, lemabun Dysoxylum alliaceum (Blume) Blume parak Dysoxylum arborescens (Blume) Miq. busuk, melantang Lancium domesticum Ripe. duku Sandoricum beccarianum Baill. ketapi lelap Sandoricum koetjape (Burm.f.) Merr. ketapi, ketapi darat, setol Swietenia mahagoni Jacq. mahoni Xylocarpus granatum J. Koenig nyirih Xylocarpus moluccensis (Lam.) M.Roem. Menispermaceae Cyclea barbata Miers cincau Hypserpa sp. akar hijau Pericampylus glaucus (Lam.) Merr. tetikus Stephania javanica mengkeles Tinospora crispa (L.) Miers ex Hoff.f. kertawali Hypserpa nitida Miers ex Benth. akar hitam Moraceae Artocarpus anisiophyllus Miq. mentawa Artocarpus camansi (Parkinson) Fosberg kaluwih Artocarpus communis Forst. sukun Artocarpus dadah Miq. puren Artocarpus elasticus Reinw. ex Blume benda Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. nangka Artocarpus integer (Thunb.) Merr. cempedak Artocarpus kemando Miq. kepur , cempedak air Artocarpus lanceifolius Roxb kelidang Artocarpus nitidus Trecul tampeng Artocarpus odoratissimus Blanco Artocarpus rigidus Blume purin Ficus acamptophylla (Miq.) Miq. nunok Ficus aurata (Miq.) Miq. buah tupai Ficus benjamina L. beringin Ficus consociata Blume nunok Ficus deltoidea Jack tabat barito Ficus fistulosa Reinw. kelundeng Ficus grossularioides Burm.f. pelempan Ficus hispida L.f. ara Ficus obscura Blume mempan kecit Ficus padana Burm.f. balik angin Ficus variegata Blume ara Ficus vasculosa Wall. ex Miq. katal , menkatel Morus alba L. murbei

18 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Moringaceae Moringa oleifera Lam. kelor Musaceae Musa acuminata Colla pisang hutan Musa brachycarpa Back. pisang batu Musa paradisiaca L. pisang Myricaceae Myrica esculenta Buch. mengkikir Myrica longifolia Teijsm. & Binn. ex C.DC. mengkikir Myristicaceae Gymnacranthera murtoni (Hook.f.) Warb. balo , salak hutan , mendaran Gymnacranthera sp. salak burung Horsfieldia glabra (Reinw. ex Blume) Warb. Horsfieldia irya (Gaertn.) Warb. mengkasi Knema furfuracea (Hook f. & Thomson) Warb. Knema intermedia (Bl.) Warb. Knema latericia Elmer Knema laurina (Blume) Warb. Knema sp. sanggar burung Myristica lawiana King balun ijuk, medang kumpang , membalun ijuk Myrsinaceae Rapanea sumatrana (Miq.) Mez. Myrtaceae Baeckea frutescens L. sapu sapu Decaspermum fruticosum J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. kedemang Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake pevila Eugenia aquea Burm. f. jambu air Eugenia cerina M.R.Hend. gelam tikus Eugenia densiflora (Blume) DC. ubak putih Eugenia euneura (Miq.) Craib bantoi Eugenia jambosoides C.Wright ex Griseb. Eugenia lepidocarpa Wall. ex Kurz samak Eugenia lineata (Sw.) DC selampit Eugenia palembanica Merr. uber Eugenia polyantha Wight serai kayu Eugenia barringtonioides Ridl. Leptospermum flavescens Sm. sekucung Malaleuca leucadendron L. gelam Melaleuca cajuputi Powell gelam Psidium guajava L. jambu biji Rhodamnia cinerea Jack. merapin Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton). Hassk. keramunting Syzygium aemulum (Blume) Amshoff uber Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry cengkeh Syzygium attenuatum (Miq.) Merr. & L.M.Perry. sisel Syzygium bankense (Hassk.) Merr. & L.M.Perry. nasi-nasi Syzygium buetterianum Syzygium buxifolium Hook. kemetik Syzygium caudatilimbum (Merr.) Merr. & L.M.Perry Syzygium chrysanthum (Anderson) Merr. & Perry Syzygium claviflorum (Roxb.) Wall. ex A.M. Cowan & Cowan kelisut Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels. dhuwet Syzygium cymosum (Lam.) DC. jambuan

19 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Syzygium decipiens (Koord. & Valeton) Merr. & L.M.Perry isut-isut Syzygium grande (Wight) Walp. ubak Syzygium incarnatum (Elmer) Merr. & L.M. Perry. Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston. jambu Syzygium lineatum (DC.) Merr. & L.M. Perry sisel Syzygium longiflorum Presl. Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry. jambu bol Syzygium muelleri (Miq.) Miq. kesemek Syzygium oleana pucuk merah Syzygium pachyphyllum (Kurz) Merr. & L.M.Perry sabar bubu/ injek bubu Syzygium parvifolium (Engl.) Mildbr. Syzygium perforatum mengkalai Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Waplers salam

Syzygium racemosum (Blume) DC. bentui/leptot Syzygium rostratum (Blume) DC. selampit Syzygium sexangulatum (Miq.) Amshoff kekalai Syzygium sp. jambu bandar Syzygium tetraedra jambu utan Syzygium variifolium Miq. ubak air Syzygium zeylanicum (L.) DC. nasi-nasi Tristaniopsis merguensis (Griff.) Peter G.Wilson & J.T.Waterh. pelawan Tristaniopsis obovata (Benn.) Peter G.Wilson & J.T.Waterh. pelawan , pelawan sungon , pelawan tungau Tristaniopsis whiteana (Griff.) Peter G.Wilson & J.T.Waterh. subsp. kayu pelawan whiteana. Syzgium ramiflora remangkak Syzygium fastigiatum (Blume) Merr. & L.M.Perry gelam klisik Syzygium formosum (Wall.) Masam jambu hutan Eugenia bisulea jambu hutan Nepenthaceae Nepenthes gracilis Korth. ketuyut Nepenthes rafflesiana Jack Nepenthes ampullaria Jack kantong semar Nepenthes mirabilis (Lour.) Druce Nephrolepis Group Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott paku-pakuan Nyctaginaceae Bougainvillea glabra Choisy bunga kertas Bougainvillea spinosa (Cav.) Heimer bunga kertas/bugenvil Mirabilis jalapa L. bunga pukul empat Nymphaeaceae Nelumbium nelumbo L. teratai Nymphaea lotus L. teratai kecil Ochnaceae Brackenridgea hookeri (Planch.) A.Gray madu lusai Brackenridgea palutris Bartell. munder Euthemis leucocarpa Jack Gomphia serrata (Gaertn.) Kanis Ouratea angustifolia name (Vahl.) Baill. Olacaceae Ochanostachys amentacea Mast. petaling Strombosia javanica Blume mengkijau Olax imbricata Roxb. macrocarpus Blume medang , medang batu

20 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Chionanthus ramiflorus Roxb. mentulang Jasminum sambac (L.) Ait. melati Onagraceae Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) Raven Orchidaceae Acriopsis javanica Reinwardt ex Blume Agrostophyllum bicuspidatum J.J.Sm. Anoectochilus reinwardtii Blume Appendicula alba Blume Appendicula angustifolia Blume Appendicula pauciflora Blume Appendicula reflexa Blume Bromheadia finlaysoniana (Lindl.) Miq. anggrek Bulbophyllum sessile [Koen.]J.J.Sm. Bulbophyllum apodum Hook.f. Bulbophyllum balapinense J.J.S. Bulbophyllum contortisepalum J.J. Sm. Bulbophyllum corolliferum J.J.Sm. Bulbophyllum macranthum Bulbophyllum membranaceum Teijsm. & Binn. Bulbophyllum obtusipetalum J.J. Sm. Bulbophyllum obtusum (Blume) Lindl. Bulbophyllum odoratum (Blume) Lindl. Bulbophyllum ovalifolium (Bl) Lindl. Bulbophyllum pulchellum Ridl. anggrek hutan Bulbophyllum purpurascens Teijsm. & Binn. Bulbophyllum ruficaudatum Ridl. Bulbophyllum subumbellatum Ridl. Bulbophyllum vaginatum (Lindl.) Rchb.f. Calanthe sp. Ceratostylis ampullacea Kraenzl. Ceratostylis subulata Blume Cirrhopetalum gracillimum Rolfe Cleisostoma halophilum (Ridl.) Garay Coelogyne brachygyne J.J.Sm. Coelogyne rochusseni de Vriese Coelogyne sp 2 kuyang bawang Coelogyne sp. lelambek Corysanthes bancana J.J.Sm. Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. Cymbidium bicolor Lindl. Cymbidium finlaysonianum Wall. ex Lindl. Cymbidium pubescens Lindl. Dendrobium aloifolium (Blume) Rchb.f. Dendrobium compressistylum J.J. Sm. Dendrobium concinnum Miq. Dendrobium crumenatum Sw. anggrek merpati Dendrobium lamellatum (Bl.) Lindley Dendrobium leonis Rchb. f. Dendrobium lobulatum Rolfe ex J.J.Sm. anggrek perisai Dendrobium secundum [Bl.] Lindl. Dendrobium subulatum (Blume) Lindl. Dendrobium truncatum Lindl. Dendrobium uniflorum Griff.

21 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Dendrobium villosulum Wall. ex Lindl. Didymoplexiella trichechus (J.J. Sm.) Garay Dienia ophrydis (J.Koenig) Seidenf. Dipodium scandens (Blume) J.J.Sm. anggrek padang Eria bractescens Lindl. Eria mucronata Lindl. Eria obliqua (Lindl.) Lindl. Eria pannea Lindl. Eria pulchella Griff. Eulophia ramosa Hayata Flickingeria convexa (Blume) A.D. Hawkes Flickingeria fimbriata (Blume) A.D. Hawkes Grammatophyllum speciosum Paxton anggrek macan Grosourdya appendiculata (Blume) Rchb.f. Macodes sp. Malaxis oculata (Rchb. f.) Kuntze. Micropera callosa (Blume) Garay Microsaccus griffithii (Parish ex Rchb. F.) Seidenf. Nephelaphyllum pulchrum Blume Oberonia iridifolia F. Muell. Papilionanthe hookeriana (Rchb.f.) Schltr. anggrek pencil Phalaenopsis sumatrana Korth & Rchb.f. anggrek bulan sumatra Pholidota imbricata Lindl. em W. J. Hooker Plocoglottis lowii Rchb.f. Podochilus microphyllum Lindl. Polystachya concreta (Jacq.) Garay & H.R. Sweet Pomatocalpa diffusum Breda Renanthera sp. Robiquetia spathulata (Blume) J.J.Sm Spathoglottis plicata Blume anggrek antel Staurochilus fasciatus Ridley Thelasis micrantha (Brongn.) J.J.Sm. Thelasis pygmaea (Griffith) Blume Thrixspermum acuminatissimum (Rchb. f.) Rchb.f. Thrixspermum acutilobum J.J.Sm. Tocca sp. Trichoglottis geminata (Teijsm. & Binn.) J.J.Sm. Trichotosia pauciflora Blume Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews menendur urat Oxalidaceae Averrhoa bilimbi L. belimbing wuluh Oxalis barrelieri L. belimbing utan Averrhoa carambola L. belimbing Oxalis corniculata L. belimbing utan Pandanaceae Freycinetia angustitolia Blume akar belalang Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. pandan wangi Pandanus furcatus Roxb. mengkuang Pandanus odorifer (Forssk.) Kuntze, 1891[1] pandan laut Pandanus tectorius Parkinson ex Du Roi mengkuang Pandanus tectorius var. variegatus pandan kuning Passifloraceae Passiflora foetida L. buah sarang Passiflora quadrangularis L. markisa

22 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Pentaphylacaceae Eurya japonica Thunb. jirak Philydraceae Philydrum lanuginosum Banks & Sol. ex Gaertn. Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng. wuni; daun: mojar Antidesma frutescens Jack kelumpang Antidesma montanum Blume kayu besi Antidesma reticulata (Planch.) Britton ex Rusby buni Antidesma tetrandrum Blume aurita (Tul.) Miq. batang alur

Aporosa frutescens Blume harkon Aporosa lucida (Miq.) Airy Shaw Aporosa lunata (Miq.) Kurz Aporosa octandra (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) Vickery pelangas Aporosa prainiana King ex Gage kayu malem Baccaurea angulata Merr. rambai Baccaurea bracteata Müll.Arg. keperes Baccaurea deflexa Müll.Arg. keperis Baccaurea dulcis Müll.Arg. rambai Baccaurea lanceolata Müll.Arg. lunding Baccaurea macrocarpa (Miq.) Müll.Arg. tampui Baccaurea motleyana (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg. rambai Baccaurea pendula Merr. petej Baccaurea polyneura (Merr.) Merr. petek Baccaurea racemosa (Reinw. ex Blume) Müll.Arg. bebekik Baccaurea sumatrana (Miq.) Müll.Arg. samak Bridelia stipularis (L.) Blume Bridelia tomentosa Blume kenidae Cleistanthus sp. Glochidion arborescens Blume gegamet Glochidion celastroides (Mull.Arg.) Kuntze merabung , remambung Glochidion hypoleucum (Miq.) Boerl. dempul Glochidion littorale Blume perepat Glochidion macrocarpum Blume Glochidion philippicum (Cav.) C.B.Rob. jingkat Phyllanthus acidus (L.) Skeels. cermai Phyllanthus emblica L. malaka/lake Pinaceae Pinus merkusii Jungh & Vriese ex Vriese pinus Piperaceae Peperomia pellucida L. rumput dingin Piper betle L. sirih Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav. sirih merah Piper gegarvum C.DC. Piper nigrum L. lada Piper umbellatum L. Pittosporaceae Pittosporum ferrugineum W.T.Aiton Plantaginaceae Kickxia sp. pelai, pulai Plantago major L. daun sendok Plumbaginaceae Plumbago zeylanica L. daun encok

23 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Poaceae Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P.Beauv. glaucophylla Widjaja buluh pager Bambusa multiplex (Lour.) Raeusch. ex Schult.f. buluh cina Bambusa vulgaris var striata Schrad.ex J.C. Wendl. bambu kuning Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin. Coix lacryma-jobi L. jelai batu Cymbopogon citratus (L.) Spreng. serai tanah Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle serai tanah Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Digitaria fuscescens (J. Presl) Henrard. rumput menjalar Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn rumput sesuak Eragrostis chariis (Schult.) Hitchc. rumput padian Eriachne pallescens R.Br. rumput padang Gigantochloa apus Kurz. bambu tali Gigantochloa cf thoi K.M. Wong betung palembang Gigantochloa kuring Widjaja buluh tanjung tadah Gigantochloa maxima var. viridis Kurz. bambu gombong Gigantochloa sp. buloh betung kecik Imperata cylindrica Raeusch alang-alang Ischaemum muticum L. Leersia hexandra Sw. Oryza sativa L. pari; daun: damen Panicum repens L. Panicum sarmentosum Roxb. rumput perangkap perba Paspalum conjugatum P.J. Bergius rumput bebek Paspalum notatum Flüggé Paspalum orbiculare G.Forst. rumput seribu Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. Phyllostachys aurea Carr. ex A. & C. Rivière bambu kuning Saccharum officinarum L. tebu Schizostachyum iraten Steud. temiang Schizostachyum latifolium (Munro) R. B. Majumdar bambu tali Schizostachyum silicatum Widjaja temiang Schizostachyum sp1 buluh jeligit, geligit Schzizostachyum siamensi buluh Schzizostachyum sp2 bukuh wei atau talei Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. Spinifex littoreus (Burm.f.) Merr. gulung-gulung Zea mays L. jagung Podocarpaceae Podocarpus blumei Endl. buloh,mentabel Podocarpus neriifolius D.Don. Polygalaceae Polygala paniculata L Xanthophyllum ellipticum Korth. ex Miq. merawe Xanthophyllum excelsum (Blume) Miq. medang batu Xanthophyllum flavescens Roxb. Xanthophyllum vitellinum (Blume) D.Dietr. kerikis Polygonaceae Antigonon flavescens S. Watson air mata pengantin Polypodiaceae Arachnoides adiantiformis (Forst) Tindale pakis hias Drymoglossum piloselloides L. Presl. daun sisik naga

24 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Nephrolepis exaltata (L.) Schott paku udang Platycerium bifurcatum (Cav.) C. Chr. Pontederiaceae Monochoria vaginalis (Burm.f.) Presl eceng leutik Portulacaceae Portulaca oleracea L. krokot; bunga: naknik Talinum paniculatum (Jack.) Gaert. som Talinum triangulare Leach ginseng Potamogetonaceae Syringodium isoetifolium (Ascherson) Dandy Primulaceae Aegiceras corniculatum (L.) Blanco Ardisia crispa (Thunb.) A.DC. mata ayam Ardisia humilis Vahl repenen Ardisia miqueliana Scheff. Ardisia teysmanniana Scheff. Embelia borneensis Scheff demang Embelia sp1 kelimper Rapanea sp. mengikikir , obi - obi Proteaceae Helicia robusta (Roxb.) R.Br. ex Wall. kendung Helicia serrata (R.Br.) Blume kendung daun lebar Pteridaceae Acrostichum speciosum Willd. Adiantum cuneatum Langsd et Fisch suplir Adiantum raddianum C. Presl Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongniart Pteris vittata L. Acrostichum aureum L. krakas Punicaceae Punica granatum L. delima Ranunculaceae Nigella sativa L. jinten hitam Rhamnaceae Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. widara putih Rhizophoraceae Bruguiera parvifolia (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. ex Griff. putut Carallia brachiata (Lour.) Merr. bernasi,herkat,kendis,pulan,menggeris Gynotroches axillaris Blume mengkelik Rhizophora apiculata Blume Rhizophora lamarckii Montr. bakau Rhizophora mucronata Poir bakau-genjah Rhizophora stylosa Griff. bako Bruguiera cylindrica (L.) Blume Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam. lindur Bruguiera sexangula (Lour.) Poir. Ceriops decandra (Griff.) Ding Hou Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B. Rob. tingi Rhizophyllidaceae Chondrococcus hornemannii (Lyngbye) F.Schmitz Rosaceae Parastemon urophyllum A.DC. mareng Prunus arborea (Blume) Kalkman Pygeum sp. medang keranji,cenangau,celangau

25 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Rosa sp. mawar Rubiaceae Canthium sp. sereting Coffea arabica L. kopi Coffea canephora Pierre ex A.Froehner kopi Coffea lepidophloia Miq. Gaertnera vaginans (DC.) Merr. kayu abu Gardenia augusta (L.) Merr. kecipiring Guettarda speciosa L. jati laut Hedyotis rigida (Blume) Walp. menangel Hypobathrum microcarpum (Blume) Bakh.f. Ixora aegialodes Bremek Ixora bancana Bremek Ixora javanica (Blume) DC. pecah piring Ixora miquelli Bremek. mata ayem Ixora sp. asoka hutan Jackia ornata Wall. selumar Morinda citrifolia L. pace; bunga: nyrewenteh Morinda jackiana Korth. Morinda lanuginosa Suratman Morinda leparensis Valeton Morinda rigida Miq. Morinda wongiana Suratman Mussaenda pubescens Ait. f. nusa indah Mussaendra frondosa L. lemadep Myrmecodia tuberosa Jack sarang semut Nauclea subdita (Korth.) Steud. kayu kuning Oldenlandia costata (Roxb.) K.Schum. Psychotria angulata Korth. pakcong Psychotria malayana Jack anonim d Psychotria sarmentosa Blume akar mentebel Psychotria viridiflora Reinw. ex Blume adu-adu Randia sp Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea C.F.Gaertn. Tarenna bancana Timonius flavescens (Jacq.) Baker memaran Uncaria gambir Roxb gambir Urophyllum arboreum (Reinw. ex Blume) Korth. Urophyllum hirsutum (Wight) Hook.f. Paederia foetida L. akar menjalar daun mulus Tarenna kobusii Uncaria glabrata (Blume) DC. akar kekait Adina minutiflora Valeton lobang Nauclea calycina Bartl. ex DC. mentebal air Nauclea orientalis L. mengkunyit Plectronia lucida De Wild. & T.Durand mensolang Tarenna confuse K. et V. laju,melinju,pelajau Rutaceae Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq. remangon Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle jeruk nipis Citrus grandis Osbeck jeruk bali Citrus hystrix DC jeruk purut Citrus microcarpa Bunge jeruk kunci Citrus paradisi Macf. jeruk bali

26 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Citrus reticulata Blanco jeruk keprok Crateva marmelos L. buah majapahit Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack. kemuning Triphasia trifolia (Burm.f.) P.Wils. kingkit Zanthoxylum torvum F. Muell. mateyang Sabiaceae Meliosma sumatrana (Jack) Walp. Salviniaceae Salvinia cucullata Roxb. Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell kiambang Salvinia natans (L.) All. Santalaceae Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f) Ettingsh akar singgah besar Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. akar singgah merah Dendrotrophe buxifolia (Blume) Miq. akar pelanduk Dendrotrophe varians (Blume) Miq. akar perut ayam Henslowia umbellata (Blume) Blume mesunur Sapindaceae Allophylus cobbe (L.) Raeusch. Euphoria longan Steud. lengkeng Filicium decipiens (Wt. & Arn.) Thw. Guioa diplopetala (Hassk.) Radlk. Guioa pubescens (Zoll. & Mor.) Radlk. pules arborea (Blanco) Radlk. Harpullia cupanioides Roxb. Hebecoccus ferrugineus Radlk. Lepisanthes amoena (Hassk.) Leenh. puleh pulih Lepisanthes sp. kelemuncur Litsea garciae Vidal malik Nephelium eriopetalum ranggung,ridan Nephelium lappaceum L. rambutan Nephelium maingayi riden Nephelium mutabile rambut hutan Pometia pinnata J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. sapen Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken kesambi Sapotacea xanthochymum (de Vriese) Pierre ex Burck nyato rengkasan Payena leerii (Teijsm. & Binn.) Kurz kulan (nama diragukan), leting Chrysophyllum cainito L. sawo durian Chrysophyllum roxburghii Don mempulut Madhuca sp. lugu Madhuca motleyana (de Vriese) J.F. Macbr. ketiau Manikara zapota L. sawo Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen sawo; biji: kecik Mimusops elengi L. tanjung Palaquium gutta (Hook.) Burck rengas Palaquium hexandrum (Griff.) Baill. ketiau Palaquium nexanclurum Var. & Pilandrum Fa. vulan Palaquium ridleyi King & Gamble arang,bitis nameng,nyato,bindu Palaquium rostratum (Miq.) Burck. nyato pisang,nyato terong Planchonella firma (Miq.) Dubard mercecang, nyato lambar Planchonella obovata (R.Br.) Pierre api api (nama diragukan), bernasik Planchonella oxyedra (Miq.) Dubard nasi-nasi Sargassaceae

27 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Sargassum binderi Sonder ex J.Agardh Sargassum crassifolium J.Agardh alga coklat Sargassum duplicatum J.G. Agardh Sargassum echinocarpum J.Agardh Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh Sargassum polycystum C.Agardh alga coklat Turbinaria conoides (J.Agardh) Kützing Turbinaria murayana alga coklat Saxifragaceae Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. hydrangeaceae Polysma kemunai, kemundai Schizaeaceae Lygodium microphyllum Kunth. paku kecil Scrophulariaceae Limnophila rugosa (Roth) Merr. Penstemon smallii A. Heller. Scytosiphonaceae Hydroclathrus clathratus (C.Agardh) M.Howe Selaginellaceae Selaginella doederleinii Hieron. Simaroubaceae Ailanthus triphysa (Dennst.) Alston medang lungup (?) melinjau Brucea javanica L. (Merr.) ipo belilik Eurycoma longifolia Jack pasak bumi Irvingia malayana Oliv. ex Bennett kekapis Smilacaceae Smilax barbata Wall. ex A.DC. akar bahar

Smilax macrocarpa BL. duri kemeten Solanaceae Capsicum annum L. cabik mirah Capsicum frutescens L. cabik kecik Datura metel L kecubung Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. tomat Physalis angulata L. lelepok Solanum lycopersicum L. tomat Solanum melongena L. terong Solanum quitoense Lam. terong asam Solanum torvum Sw. terong ketukik Solieriaceae Eucheuma denticulatum (N.L.Burman) Collins & Hervey Eucheuma edule Koetzing Spagnaceae Sphagnum cuspidatum Ehrh. ex Hoffm. lumut 1 Sterculiaceae Commersonia bartramia (L.) Merr. tiling Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk. jati belanda Heritiera littoralis Aiton Scaphium macropodum (Miq.) Beumee ex Heine kepapayang Sterculia foetida L. kepuh Sterculia longifolia Vent. kelumpang putih Sterculia macrophylla Vent. kelumpang Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll. ex Miq. kelumpang hitam Tarrietia javanica Blume dungun gunung Tarrietia simplicifolia Mast. dumun, dungun, kepajang, mempatar

28 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

putih Symplocaceae Symplocos adenophylla Wall. ex G.Don ules / mentepung daun halus Symplocos celastrifolia Griff. ex C.B.Clarke kendong Symplocos cochinchinensis (Lour.) S.Moore kendung daun kecil Symplocos dinophyita umbang

Symplocos fasciculata Zoll. Symplocos odoratissima (Blume) Choisy ex Zoll. Symplocos ophirensis C.B.Clarke Symplocos polyandra (Blanco) Brand bungur, putat Theaceae Adinandra cf. maculosa T. Anders. ex Dyer kayu anang Adinandra dumosa Jack pelempang hutan Adinandra sarosanthera Miq pelempang item Eurya acuminata DC. mensalah Eurya nitida Korth. daun gigi Gordonia excelsa (Blume) Blume pelempang putih Gordonia sp. Laplacea subintegerrima Miq. mentebel, pelempang putih Ploiarium alternifolium (Vahl) Melchior bunyok (DC.) Korth. seruk Ternstroemia bancana Miq. mertebul, merku Ternstroemia elongata Koord. Thymelaeaceae Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk. tabek Gonystylus bancanus (Miq.) Kurz kayu ramin Gonystylus forbesii Gilg. durin hutan, nameng ? Gonystylus velutinus Airy Shaw menamang Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. mahkota dewa Wikstroemia androsaemifolia Decne. kebentak Tiliaceae Grewia laevigata Vahl. Microcos hirsuta (Korth.) Burret damak Microcos tomentosa Sm. kemantut Pentace triptera Mast. mempatar merah Typhaceae Typha angustifolia L. Udoteaceae Udotea argentea Zanardini Udotea flabellum (J. Ellis and D. Solander) Howe Ulmaceae Gironniera nervosa Planch silok Gironniera subaequalis Planch siluk Trema orientalis Linn. Blume mengkirai Ulvaceae Ulva fasciata Delile Ulva lactuca L. Verbenaceae Callicarpa candicans (Burm. f.) Hochr. kelingkak Lantana camara L. kembang tai ayam Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl Stachytarpheta mutabilis L pecut kuda Teijsmanniodendron coriaceum (C.B.Clarke) Kosterm. melabumbong Vitex pinnata L. leben

29 Nurtjahya et al.: Flora of Bangka

Vitaceae Ampelocissus sp. kedebis Ampelocissus thyrsiflora (Blume) Planch. anggur utan Cissus nodosa Blume rambat 1 Vitis compositofolia Vitis geniculata Miq. lengkeng utan Vittariaceae Vittaria scolopendrina (Bory) Schkuhr ex Thwaites Xanthorrhoeaceae Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. lidah buaya Zingiberaceae Alpinia cf. aquatica (Retz.) Roscoe puar Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd. Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. temu kunci Curcuma heyneana Valeton & Zijp temu giring Curcuma longa Linn kunyit Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb temulawak Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton mata kucing; kapulaga Etlingera coccinea (Blume) S.Sakai & Nagam. puar Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M. Smith kecombrang Etlingera sp. mengkanceng Hornstedtia sp. puar Kaempferia galanga L. kencur Zingiber purpureum Roxb. bunglai Zingiber zerumbet (L.) J.E.Smith lempuyang Zingiber zingiber (L.) H. Karst. jahe

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The first author gratefully acknowledges part of the funding of this research by Directorate General of Higher Education, Ministry of Education, Republic of Indonesia (Penelitian Dosen Muda No. 092/SPPP/PP/DP3M/IV/2005, Hibah Bersaing, No. 092/SP2H/PP/DP2M/III/2007 and No. 086/SP2H/PP/DP2M/III/2008, and to the government of Bangka Belitung Province for partially funding the field research. The author also thanks ITTO (International Tropical Timber Organization) (039/03A) for funding part of the research. The author also thanks to Direktorat Pengelolaan Kekayaan Intelektual, Direktorat Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan, Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi for funding the travel grant to present the paper at the 10th Flora Malesiana Symposium, 11-15 July 2016, Edinburgh, UK (827/E5.3/PB/2016). The authors also thank to Dr. Himmah Rustiami M.Si., Dra. Diah Sulistyorini M.Si. for helping with identification some palm and orchid specimens, and to Lina Juairiah M.Si. and Okto Supratman M.Si. for collecting the data, Pak Arifin for the drawing the map, and Herbarium Bangka Belitungense.

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