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Universidad de Costa Rica Escuela de Biología Libro del Curso Biología de Campo 2010 Universidad de Costa Rica Facultad de Ciencias Escuela de Biología Biología de Campo 2010 Coordinadores: Federico Bolaños Eduardo Chacón Jorge Lobo Golfito, Puntarenas Enero-Febrero 2010 2 Indice Presentación del curso .........................................................................................................6 Lista de participantes:...........................................................................................................7 Fotografía de grupo ..............................................................................................................8 Fotografías de participantes ................................................................................................9 Trabajos Grupales ..............................................................................................................23 Éxito reproductivo de la palma neotropical dioica Chamaedorea tepejilote (Arecales: Arecaceae) .........................................................................................................................24 Efecto de la invasión del bastón del emperador Etlingera elatior (Jack) R. M. Smith (Zingiberaceae) en la diversidad y abundancia de plántulas en un bosque secundario ..30 Éxito reproductivo y enantiostilia en Senna reticulata (Caesalpinaceae) ...........................37 Sistema de polinización por viento en Myriocarpa longipes (Urticaceae) ..........................46 Curvas de polen para Myriocarpa longipes en La Gamba, Golfito. ....................................54 Comparación de tres métodos de valoración de importancia arbórea en el tropical lluvioso ............................................................................................................................................61 Comparación de tres métodos de estimación de las condiciones lumínicas del sotobosque ............................................................................................................................................71 Composición del zooplancton según diferentes métodos de muestreo en las estaciones de Llano Bonito y Punta Mala..................................................................................................81 Composición de la fauna bentónica según la zonación intermareal en el Manglar de Llano Bonito..................................................................................................................................88 Caracterización y variabilidad físico química de las quebradas la Gamba y Colosal.......100 Efecto de la metodología y la experiencia del colector sobre la estimación de la calidad del agua en tres quebradas....................................................................................................106 Relación entre el hábitat y los grupos funcionales alimenticios presentes en tres quebradas de Golfito ........................................................................................................115 Presencia de Nemátodos en Cecropia peltata y C. obtusifolia, y su relación con las hormigas Azteca spp. (Formicidae) en Golfito, Puntarenas .............................................122 Distribución diferencial de agallas en las hojas de tres especies de plantas ...................129 Dinámica de forrajeo de Abejas y Avispas sociales en trampas de miel en el Refugio de Golfito ...............................................................................................................................135 ¿Cómo está la Llama del Bosque “quemando” a las abejas en Golfito?..........................145 Uso diferencial del bastón del emperador Etlinga elatior ( Zingiberaceae) como recurso alimenticio para colibríes (Trochilidae) .............................................................................150 Distribución de renacuajos en tres quebradas de Golfito .................................................155 Efecto de los murciélagos en la dispersión de semillas grandes en el bosque La Gamba, Golfito-Costa Rica.............................................................................................................163 Metabolismo específico en animales ectotermos: Validación de una técnica de respirometría en el campo................................................................................................170 3 Trabajos individuales........................................................................................................174 Éxito reproductivo y género funcional en una población de Psychotria solitudinum (Rubiaceae) ......................................................................................................................175 Distribución de estadios de tres especies de árboles en el Manglar de Llano Bonito, Golfito. ..............................................................................................................................184 Efecto del gradiente lumínico en la distribución, reclutamiento y distribución de biomasa en tres especies arbóreas tropicales...............................................................................197 Lombrices (Anélida: Oligoqueta) bioindicadoras de las condiciones bióticas y abióticas del bosque..............................................................................................................................208 Diversidad de cangrejos (Decapoda: Brachyura) según sustrato en el manglar de Llano Bonito, Golfito ...................................................................................................................222 Estado actual de dos zonas de manglar alteradas y comparación de la abundancia, diversidad y distribución de moluscos (Phyllum: Mollusca) con el Manglar de Llano Bonito ..........................................................................................................................................230 Influencia del tipo de marea en la abundancia y comportamiento de Uca inaequalis y U. beebei (Decapoda: Ocypodidae) en una playa lodosa.....................................................240 Influencia del envenenamiento químico en la comunidad de macroinvertebrados acuáticos, en La Quebrada Corozal, Golfito.....................................................................252 Efecto de la posición del alimento y la actividad de forrajeo en la detección de nuevos recursos por parte de las exploradoras de Atta colombica (Attini: Formicidade) en un Bosque Tropical Húmedo de Golfito, Puntarenas ............................................................262 Ectoparásitos en los murciélagos Carollia perspicillata y Glossophaga soricina (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae): tasas de parasitismo, especificidad y relaciones parasito-hospedero. .271 Distribución, diversidad y abundancia de peces a lo largo del gradiente manglar-río costero en la Quebrada Corozal, Golfito. .........................................................................282 Morfoecología, estructura y relaciones tróficas entre las comunidades de peces y macroinvertebrados acuáticos en la quebrada Corozal ...................................................291 Efecto de la concentración del insecticida cipermitrina en el desarrollo y comportamiento de renacuajos de Smilisca sordida (Peters, 1863) (Fam: HYLIDAE) ...............................305 Distribución espacial en sitios reproductivos y escogencia de la percha por machos de Smilisca sordida (Anura: Hylidae)....................................................................................313 Patrones en la abundancia de Craugastor stejnegerianus durante la estación seca: humedad, hojarasca e interacciones con otras especies.................................................320 Distribución vertical de las especies y los gremios alimenticios en la comunidad de aves del bosque en regeneración El Naranjal...........................................................................332 Reconocimiento del canto y agresividad hacia no vecinos de Thamnophilus bridgesi (Thamnophilidae)..............................................................................................................345 Variación del dueto entre parejas y grado de sincronización dentro de la pareja de los duetos del soterrey Thryothorus semibadius (Aves: Troglodytidae).................................354 Comportamiento de selección y dinámica de entrada a hojas tubulares por el murciélago Thyroptera tricolor (Chiroptera: Thyropteridae) ................................................................365 4 Preferencia de tiendas por Dermanura watsoni (Chiroptera:Phyllostomidae): relación con altura y dureza de la especie de planta............................................................................377 5 Presentación del curso Biología de Campo es un curso diseñado especialmente para estudiantes de grado de la Escuela de Biología de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Este tiene como principal objetivo introducir el trabajo de campo en los trópicos. La metodología radica en enseñar cómo formular preguntas, enfrentando el desarrollo adecuado de diseños experimentales, así como al análisis e interpretación de la información. La filosofía del curso es el desarrollo de proyectos cortos en historia natural sin dejar de lado el diseño de estudios a largo plazo. Por décima ocasión se desarrolla el curso en la región de Golfito, desde el 8 de enero al 3 de febrero del 2010. Golfito continúa demostrando ser una zona de mucho provecho para este tipo de actividades puesto que permite tanto la realización de proyectos dirigidos al ambiente
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