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Running head: N.W. A’S “STRAIGHT OUTTA COMPTON” 1 N.W.A’s “Straight Outta Compton” and the Impacts It Had On Society Keelyn T Harkey JMC 1013: Intro to Media The University of Oklahoma N.W. A’S “STRAIGHT OUTTA COMPTON” 2 Abstract This research paper focuses on the impact of the studio album Straight Outta Compton by the hip-hop group N.W.A. Gang violence, everyday lives of African Americans, and police brutality towards African Americans became the main issues in Los Angeles in the mid to late 1980’s. Hip Hop music like “Straight Outta Compton”, “Fuck the Police”, and “Gangsta Gangsta” brought the brutal lifestyles and struggles of inner-city life to the attention of the entire world. On August 8, 1988, N.W.A. released the album Straight Outta Compton. In 1989, the music video for the title track “Straight Outta Compton” was released. 30 years after the release of the album, it is still a relevant piece of media, which applies to many current situations in today’s society. From public outrage towards police, to riots, to murder, this album has impacted society and our musical culture today. N.W. A’S “STRAIGHT OUTTA COMPTON” 3 An Introduction The N.W.A was a prevalent hip-hop group who rose to popularity in the late 1980’s. The group is known for its controversial lyrics, fluid beats, and the way they changed hip-hop music forever. Ice Cube, Eazy-E, Dr. Dre, MC Ren, DJ Yella, and The D.O.C were the talents behind this music group. Deemed the “World’s Most dangerous Group” (Kennedy, 2017), the N.W.A released Straight Outta Compton on August 8, 1988, on Eazy-E’s self-made record label, Ruthless Records. Before Straight Outta Compton was released, police brutality was a major issue among inner city minorities, especially African Americans. In the 1980’s court cases like L.A. vs. Lyons: which prohibited policemen from using chokeholds to restrain people; federal investigation Operation Big Spender: where private investigators found out the magnitude of corruption in the L.A. police department; and Operation Hammer: an attempt by the LAPD to crack down on gang violence (KCET, 2016), fueled the rage among African Americans, and unveiled inner city gang brutality. Due to unfair practices in the LAPD, the media ignored violent inner-city gang life. Since police were becoming more unfair to African Americans, the N.W.A expressed their outrage through songs on Straight Outta Compton, like “Fuck the Police”, and “Gangsta Gangsta”. The album is full of underlying messages, stories they were trying to convey to the masses, and lyrics to garner a reaction from multiple groups of people. The impact of Straight Outta Compton is still seen and heard in today’s society. Straight Outta Compton is a very important piece of media that changed hip-hop culture and the way African Americans are viewed today. Description: The Songs That Make Up Straight Outta Compton Straight Outta Compton is an album composed of 13 songs with a duration of 60 minutes (Apple, 1988). The title track “Straight Outta Compton” became the world’s first taste of N.W.A. N.W. A’S “STRAIGHT OUTTA COMPTON” 4 This song introduces the members of N.W.A., and highlights the messages of gun violence in the black community, the unforeseen threat to black Americans by police, and the groups attitude towards women (Caulfield, 2015). The second song on the album, “Fuck the Police”, is the most controversial, and gave African Americans a voice to stand up to police brutality. “Fuck the Police” unveiled the police brutality that was occurring in the inner city. This song, along with other factors, escalated the tensions between African Americans and police. The next song, “If It Ain’t Ruff” further represents the lifestyle of gagsters in Los Angeles. Its fresh beats give the message that if you cross MC Ren, you won’t win “IF It Ain’t Ruff” puts the spotlight on MC Ren, who showcases his spitfire flow and finesse with internal rhymes over three verses of cartoonish braggadocio that culminate in him advising his haters to just “play like an airplane and just jet” (Caufield, 2015). “Express Yourself, is a song with an accompanying music video (“Straight Outta Compton” and “Fuck the Police” are also songs that have an accompanying music video). “Express Yourself” is one of the less radical pieces on the album. The song encourages individuality with lyrics like “from the heart, cause if you want to start to move up the chart, then expression is a big part of it” (Straight Outta Compton, 1988). It’s an inspirational song for inner city kids to display their individuality while also highlighting what would happen if someone doesn’t agree with your individualism. “I’m expressing with my full capabilities, and now I’m living in correctional facilities (Straight Outta Compton, 1988). “Parental Discretion Iz Advised”, the fifth song on Straight Outta Compton, is another less controversial song on the album. The song is notable for being one of Ice Cubes last cuts with N.W.A (Young, 2017), and still highlights the gangster attitude, but with a more mainstream approach. The album also includes the songs “Compton’s N the House (Remix), a song from Eazy-E’s debut album, “8 Ball (Remix)”, a remix from “Panic Zone 12”, the N.W.A’s debut album (Young 2017), “Something N.W. A’S “STRAIGHT OUTTA COMPTON” 5 Like That”, rapped by Dr. Dre and MC Ren, “I Ain’t the One” the final song Ice Cube is featured on with N.W.A (Young 2017). “Dope Man (Remix)”, “Quiet on tha Set”, which highlights the way people perceive an African American rapper from Compton, and “Something 2 Dance 2”, a “light-hearted end to an album full of heavy ideas and music” (Young 2017). Analysis: Gang Life: A Main Theme On “Straight Outta Compton” N.W.A used Straight Outta Compton to project the main messages of the album to the masses: inner city gang life, police brutality, and gun violence to anyone who would listen. From the description of the main songs, you can see that the N.W.A had a few common themes throughout the album. The message of the album showed the mass media the horrible life of inner-city violence. The N.W.A sparked the media’s attention by giving the world Straight Outta Compton. Inner city violence hadn’t been covered in the mainstream media before the release of this album. Due to the vast success of Straight Outta Compton, the album introduced an entire nation to inner city life of African Americans and ‘gangsta rap’. (McCann. 2012). The main theme of the album was to show the world what inner city gang life was like, and to show that police brutality was, and still is, a prevalent subject in African American communities. Most of middle America’s first taste of hip-hop culture came from N.W.A’s Straight Outta Compton. The most prominent time that Straight Outta Compton, and more specifically “Fuck the Police” was seen in L.A. was after the police beating of Rodney King. After police were seen beating an unarmed Rodney King in the streets of L.A., “Fuck the Police”, Straight Outta Compton, and ‘gangsta rap’ became a rally cry for African Americans. In L.A., Straight Outta Compton became an iconic album among the African American community due to its projected messages of police brutality and the hardships of living in minority communities. Interpretation: The N.W.A. Attempt to Spread Its Message N.W. A’S “STRAIGHT OUTTA COMPTON” 6 Straight Outta Compton and the N.W.A were trying to project police brutality, inner-city gang violence, and the gangster lifestyle to the mass media. These subjects were particularly important to African Americans across the United States. N.W.A became famous for “not holding back about what it was like to be young and black and terrorized by the police” (Green, 2015). The album also brings up a divide that wasn’t talked about before. Before Straight Outta Compton and the N.W.A, rap music was just starting to become more common in the mainstream media. After the N.W.A came on the scene, a divide rose between rappers who rapped for a mainstream audience, and rappers who rapped about controversial and political topics (Green, 2015). Artists that rapped about controversial topics, and more mellow rappers, were rejected from the mass media and were categorized as ‘gangsta’ lifestyles. Straight Outta Compton was a way for African Americans to have a voice against police brutality and social injustice. Today, the effects of this album are still prevalent, as you can see African Americans protesting, and having a voice against social injustice, just like the N.W.A. did back in 1989. Evaluation: Straight Outta Compton Reaches the Mass Media Pre-Straight Outta Compton, Ice Cube described the deaths related to crack distribution, gang violence, and inner-city life as follows: “When something happens in south-central Los Angeles, nothing happens. It’s just another n**** dead” (Grow, 2017). N.W.A’s message wasn’t to make people fear African Americans, but rather wanting to represent “black bodies and communities” (McCann. 2012) and give the mass media a reason to cover inner city violence. Overall, Straight Outta Compton achieved its goal of bringing inner city gang life to the mass media. Today, Compton, California is still a hotspot for crime and violence, but Ice Cube says that its nowhere near as bad as it was in the 1980s (Grow, 2017) Even though inner-city gang life is still prevalent in most cities, police brutality is becoming more of a talking point within the N.W.