Adapting Anime: Transnational Media Between Japan and the United States
ADAPTING ANIME: TRANSNATIONAL MEDIA BETWEEN JAPAN AND THE UNITED STATES Brian Ruh Submitted to the faculty of the University Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Communication and Culture, Indiana University May 2012 Acceptance page Accepted by the Graduate Faculty, Indiana University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Doctoral Committee ____________________________________ Barbara Klinger, Ph.D. ____________________________________ Gregory Waller, Ph.D. ____________________________________ Yeidy Rivero, Ph.D. ____________________________________ Scott O’Bryan, Ph.D. April 9, 2012 ii Acknowledgements I am very grateful to my Ph.D. committee – Barbara Klinger, Gregory Waller, Yeidy Rivero, and Scott O’Bryan – for supporting me (and putting up with me) for these last few years. My parents, Richard and Christine, and parents in law, Dan and Barbara Skinner, have been positive influences throughout this entire process, and I’m sure they’re all glad to see me finish. However, the person who may have borne the most stress through the entire process has been my loving wife Sarah. I’m so thankful to have her. I also need to acknowledge my two beautiful daughters Charlotte and Abby, the sources of both great joy and great delays in the writing process. And finally, hello to Jason Isaacs. iii Abstract Brian Ruh ADAPTING ANIME: TRANSNATIONAL MEDIA BETWEEN JAPAN AND THE UNITED STATES This dissertation examines Japanese animation, or anime, as an example of how a contemporary media product crosses national and cultural borders and becomes globalized. Bringing together the theories of Hiroki Azuma and Susan J.
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