Equal Rights Coalition: Global Summit on LGBTQIA+ Rights Anushkay Raza Rachel Habrih Anikait Panikker Zachary Couture Land Acknowledgement
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McMUN 2020 Equal Rights Coalition: Global Summit on LGBTQIA+ Rights Anushkay Raza Rachel Habrih Anikait Panikker Zachary Couture Land Acknowledgement We are located on unceded lands which have traditionally served as a site of meeting and exchange amongst Indigenous peoples. The Kanien’kehà:ka, who are a founding nation of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, are recognized as the traditional stewards of the lands and waters. Equal Rights Coalition: Global Summit on LGBTQIA+ Rights Dear Delegates, Team Committees is incredibly excited to introduce you to your committee for McMUN 2020! Each year, the conference’s Daisies work hard to create background guides that will introduce you to topics you will debate throughout the weekend, and this year is no exception. Whether you are coming to McMUN to discuss issues such as land disputes in one of our General Assemblies, take part in one of our innova- tive specialized agencies, or participate in one of our many (a)historical crises, your weekend is sure to be full of exciting and engaging discussions. That being said, please keep in mind the importance of being respectful to your fellow delegates, and to all staffers throughout the weekend. An atmosphere of respect and kindness in committee creates a space where everyone is able to participate to their full potential, and to thrive. Please do feel free to reach out to any of us, to your Daisies, or to our Director of Equity, Yasmina Male, if you have any ques- tions about what constitutes respectful and appropriate debate in committee. Finally, in addition to participating in our array of committees, we encourage you to take full advantage of your weekend in Montreal. McMUN 2020’s Events team has worked hard to ensure that our signature events, such as McCrawl and McParte, are better than ever this year. You can also explore many of the city’s gems, such as the Fine Arts Museum, the botanical gardens, or even try a classic Montreal dish, like poutine! There are so many ways to make your weekend at the conference memorable. If at any point you have any inquiries about the content of your background guide, please feel free to contact either your Dais, your Deputy, or the USG Committees, Natalie Schaller. We welcome you again to McMUN 2020, and we cannot wait to meet you all in January! Warmly, Your McMUN 2020 Team Committees, Natalie Schaller, USG Committee Affairs, [email protected] Karin Kassabian, Deputy USG Committees, General Assemblies and ECOSOCs, [email protected] Dalton Liggett, Deputy USG Committees, Specialized Agencies, [email protected] Emile Lambert-Deslandes, Deputy USG Committees, Crises, [email protected] Equal Rights Coalition: Global Summit on LGBTQIA+ Rights Honorable delegates, Welcome to the The Equal Rights Coalition: Global Summit on LGBTQIA2+ Rights! My name is Anushkay Raza, and I have the privilege of being your chair for McMUN 2020. As a final year student majoring in Political Science and Economics at McGill, I am incredibly excited for this conference, as this McMUN conference will be my last one. I have no doubt that it will be phenomenal. Being fortunate enough to be raised in Oakville Ontario, my Model UN career began in grade eight and since then, I have staffed and been apart of numerous conferences. Moreover, I have had the pleasure of chairing at both SSUNs and McMUN for the last two years, and I am incredibly honoured to have been given the opportunity to do it one final time. I truly cannot wait to meet all of you and witness the meaningful debates and discussions that will take place in this wonderful committee. With that being said, it is my pleasure that I introduce to you the rest of your dias: Zachary Couture, Rachel Habrih and Anikait Panikker. Zachary Couture is a second year student pursuing a joint honours in Political Science and Islamic Studies. Zachary Is from Edmonton, Alberta, and it is there in high school that he discovered his love for Model United Nations. Having been a delegate numerous times, a counsellor for the Seminar on the United Nations and International Affairs (S.U.N.I.A.), and a strong and longtime advocate for LGBTQ rights; Zachary is excited to be working at McMUN in the Equal Rights coalition. Rachel Habrih is a third-year student majoring in International Development and Political Science. This is Rachel’s second year sitting on a dais at McMUN, and 7th year doing Model UN. She is excited to welcome delegates from all walks of life and to create a safe space in which tolerance, respect and understanding fuels debate. Last but not least; Anikait Panikker is a second-year student pursuing a major in Life Sciences, with a specialization in Biotechnology. Being brought up in Calgary, Alberta, Anikait has been apart of Model UN since the beginning of high school, and he is not slowing down anytime soon! Heading into his fifth-year doing Model UN, he brings a ton of delegate and chairing experiences, and he is definitely more than excited to be apart of this committee! Over the weekend, the Equal Rights Coalition will be discussing urgent and pertinent topics in today’s world, including: (1) LGBTQ+ Youth and Homelessness, and (2) LGBTQ+ Asylum Seekers. In order for everyone to enjoy a weekend of insightful debate, we ask that delegates come to each committee session well-prepared and enthusiastic to debate. The complexity of this material requires a great deal of understanding and empathy, and we have faith that you will rise to the task. We also want to emphasize the importance of respect, whether you’re speaking on the floor or writing a draft resolution. We are humans before we are delegates, and thus it is crucial that everyone respects each other, so we can have a safe and exciting weekend. Our team has been preparing for months to present you with a committee that will challenge and engage you. We are so excited to see what everyone brings to the debate. Much love, Anushkay Raza Chair, Equal Rights Coalition: Global Summit on LGBTQIA2+ Rights. For anyone needing clarification on terms used in this background guide, please check the end of the document for a list of important definitions. Equal Rights Coalition: Global Summit on LGBTQIA+ Rights Topic I: LGBTQIA2+ Asylum Seekers An asylum seeker is someone who has applied for protection as a refugee and is waiting for some kind of confirmation or response regarding their status1. Asylum seekers are not yet refugees, they are in the process of, if lucky, becoming refugees, or if unlucky, being denied that status. Being an asylum seeker is difficult, especially when you are a part of an already marginalized community such as the LGBTQ+ community. LGBTQ+ asylum seekers are those who seek asylum due to persecution caused by the fact that they are LGBTQ+. The first aspect of this topic that will be tackled through this background guide is the root causes of forced migration amongst the LGBTQ+ community. Then, we will go into the process of asylum seeking: the refugee claims, the oppression that individuals face throughout the asylum-seeking process, and the reality of detention centres. Finally, we will analyze the existing legislation for LGBTQ+ asylum seekers and the role that the international community plays in making the safety of the worldwide LGBTQ+ community. In countries where same-sex relationships are criminalized or where discrimination against LGBTQ+ people is common, these members of the LGBTQ+ community face prosecution and live in fear for their lives. Some trans and intersex folks find themselves in countries where identifying the way they feel is criminalized. In those situations, having access to healthcare, housing and employment is nearly impossible. In some cases, even if there is no prosecution, the state will still fail to protect LGBTQ+ individuals from violence, harassment, and social isolation that individuals might be experiencing as a result of a homophobic culture of their country of origin, which pushes these individuals to find safety elsewhere. A study made by Stonewall, in which multiple members of the LGBTQ+ community were in the process of seeking asylum, shows the reality of being part of the LGBTQ+ community and seeking asylum through interviews with LGBTQ+ asylum seekers. The interviewees were asked about their living situation in their home countries. They described it as living in constant fear: “Interviewees described how they have faced immense pressure, discrimination and violence in their daily lives. Many were living under the constant fear of being persecuted by their immediate communities”2. In some cases, given their marginalized position in society, LGBTQ+ individuals are more vulnerable to acts of violence and abuse. In these situations, those in the LGBTQ+ community may not have anyone to turn to: family members may have turned their backs, individuals can be sent to facilities where gay conversion therapy is practiced and where they are subject to physical violence. Because of the intensity of the persecution that the LGBTQ+ community faces in their home countries, they are either forced to hide their sexual orientation or gender identity or seek asylum in a more accepting country. Seeking this asylum commences a long process of paperwork, questioning, and emotional 1 Refugees, United. 2019. “Asylum-Seekers”. UNHCR. https://www.unhcr.org/asylum-seekers.html. 2 Bachmann, Chaka L. 2016. “No Safe Refuge: Experiences Of LGBT Asylum Seekers In Detention”. Stonewall, pg. 11. Equal Rights Coalition: Global Summit on LGBTQIA+ Rights Because of the intensity of the persecution that the LGBTQ+ community faces in their home countries, they are either forced to hide their sexual orientation or gender identity or seek asylum in a more accepting country.