Untuk Kuningan Yang Lebih Baik

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Untuk Kuningan Yang Lebih Baik Hak cipta © pada penulis dan dilindungi Undang-Undang Hak penerbitan pada PPPI Kuningan Press Dilarang mengutip sebagian ataupun seluruh buku ini dalam bentuk apapun tanpa Izin dari Penulis dan Penerbit. Bunga Rampai : Untuk Kuningan yang Lebih Baik Penulis : Pejabat Fungsional Perencana Kabupaten Kuningan Drs. H. Eka Komara, M.Pd Ir. Haeruman Iwan Mulyawan, S.Si., M.Sc Esih Kurniasih, SE Mari’a Fitri Pratama Lia Oktavianti, SH Desainer : Doni Muhammad Sirajuddini Abstract Editor : H. Jajang Setiadi, S.Sos., MPA Cetakan I : Desember 2019 SEPATAH KATA Puji syukur Kami panjatkan kepada Illahi Rabbi karena atas Rahmat dan InayahNya-lah buku bunga rampai ini dapat diselesaikan. Tujuan dari penyusunan buku ini adalah dalam rangka pemenuhan angka kredit dalam pengembangan profesi perencana serta dalam upaya untuk melatih para perencana ahli dalam membuat karya ilmiah dengan lokus kajiannya berada di Kabupaten Kuningan. Bunga rampai dengan tema “Untuk Kuningan yang Lebih Baik” merupakan kumpulan Karya Tulis Ilmiah (KTI) dengan pendekatan dari beberapa aspek/ sudut pandang keilmuan yang dimiliki oleh perencana ahli Kabupaten Kuningan. Semoga buku bunga rampai ini bukan hanya menjadi dokumentasi tertulis para perencana, tetapi dapat menjadi pemicu bagi tulisan-tulisan ilmiah bagi para pejabat fungsional perencana dan pejabat administrasi perencana sebagai bagian dari proses peningkatan keilmuan secara terus menerus. Seperti pepatah “Tak Ada Gading yang Tak Retak”, segala sesuatu tidak ada yang sempurna, begitu pula dengan buku ini masih jauh dari sempurna. Dengan kerendahan hati, komentar, kritik dan saran demi perbaikan akan diterima dengan senang hati dan diucapkan terima kasih. Kuningan, Desember 2019 Tim Penyusun v DAFTAR ISI Sepatah Kata ........................................................................................................... v Daftar Isi .................................................................................................................. vi Pengaturan Adat Istiadat Hajatan dalam Mengurangi Kesulitan Beban Hidup Masyarakat Miskin di Desa Windujanten Eka Komara ...................................................................................................... 1 Inventarisasi Potensi Komoditas Unggulan Pertanian di Kabupaten Kuningan Tahun 2019 Haeruman ......................................................................................................... 14 Pola Distribusi Permukiman di Kabupaten Kuningan Iwan Mulyawan ............................................................................................... 20 Studi Kualitatif Pengaruh Objek Wisata Terhadap Para Pedagang di Kawasan Objek Wisata Pemandian Cibulan Kabupaten Kuningan Esih Kurniasih .................................................................................................. 28 Pemanfaatan Digitalisasi dalam Mendukung Pelayanan Angkutan Penumpang Umum Berkualitas di Kabupaten Kuningan Mari’a Fitri Pratama Lia Oktavianti............................................................... 36 Assessment Water Scarcity Index Based on Meteorological Water Availability in Mountainous Area, Case Study in Kuningan Regency, West Java Province Arif Ismail, Iwan Mulyawan, Trianasari, Himayah, Jupri ........................... 46 vi STUDI KASUS : PENGATURAN ADAT ISTIADAT HAJATAN DALAM MENGURANGI KESULITAN BEBAN HIDUP MASYARAKAT MISKIN DI DESA WINDUJANTEN Eka Komara Perencana Ahli Madya Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Daerah Kabupaten Kuningan INTISARI Pendekatan sosial budaya dalam penanggulangan kemiskinan masih sedikit. Padahal salah satu penyebab kemiskinan berhubungan dengan adat istiadat. Salah satu adat istiadat yang kental di masyarakat adalah hajatan. Dimana sering dan banyaknya kegitan ini di kehidupan masyarakat, sehingga menjadi beban hidup masyarakat. Kajian ini betujuan untuk mengggali sejauh mana mengetahui gambaran hajatan, aturan, sanksi, dukungan masyarakat dan pengaturan Hajatan dalam mengurangi beban hidup yang dirasakan masyarakat miskin. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, digunakan metode kualitatif. Tehnik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara secara mendalam dan telahan dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Hajatan merupakan tanda syukuran ini ternyata disisi lain mempunyai dampak negative, dengan bertambahnya beban hidup masyarakat. Maka Pemerintahan Desa Windujanten sejak Kuwu D.Jahari (1969) telah melaksanakan pengaturan hajatan, hingga sampai sekarang sudah 50 tahun pengaturan ini dilaksanakan dan ditaati masyarakat. Dengan adanya pengaturan 4 (empat) kali sebulan, semacam win-win solution dan menjadi perlindungan sosial masyarakat terutama keluarga miskin supaya terkurangi beban hidupnya . Kata kunci: Adat istiadat, Hajatan, 4 (empat) kali sebulan, miskin ABSTRACT Socio-cultural approaches to poverty reduction are still few. Even though one of the causes of poverty is related to customs. One of the strong customs in the community is celebration. Where often and many this activity in community life, so it is a burden on people's lives. This study aims to explore the extent of knowing the picture of celebration, rules, sanctions, community support and the celebration of events in reducing the burden of life felt by the poor. To achieve this objective, qualitative method is used. The data collection technique was carried out by conducting in-depth interviews and completed documents. The results of the study showed that the celebration was a sign of thanksgiving which turned out to have the negative impact of increasing the burden on people's lives. So the Windujanten Village Government since Kuwu D. Jahari (1969) has implemented a rule for celebration, until now 50 years this arrangement has been implemented and obeyed by the community. With the arrangement of 4 (four) times a month, a kind of win-win solution and a social protection for the community, especially poor families, so that the burden of their lives is reduced. Keywords: Customs, Celebration, 4 (four) times a month, poor 1 PENDAHULUAN Jika musim hujan turun semua daratan Latar Belakang baik gunung yang hijau atau gersang, kota ramai atau desa terpencil semua Kemiskinan telah dikeroyok berbagai dicucurinya. Bahkan yang memiliki air yang pihak., ternyata si Miskin sangat kuat dan banyak, seperti sungai, danau dan kokoh. Walaupun berbagai jurus telah bendungan juga dicucurinyai. Undangan itu dikeluarkan untuk menanggulanginya. tidak memandang yang diundang lagi punya Sehingga menurut BPS Kabupaten uang atau tidak. Pokoknya semua yang Kuningan, sampai tahun 2018 bahwa dikenal diundang. penduduk miskin di Kabupaten Kuningan masih berjumlah 131,16 ribu jiwa atau Permasalahan muncul, bagaimana 12,22%, angka prosentase yang jauh di atas kalau yang diundang itu keluarga miskin, rata-rata Provinsi Jawa Barat yang berkisar hatta uang buat kehidupan sehari-hari saja 7,45 %.1 kesulitan. Selanjutnya si Miskin dalam sepekan mendapat undangan hajatan banyak Selama ini ujung tombak pendekatan dan bersamaan waktunya. Tentu yang yang terbanyak adalah pendekatan ekonomi menerima undangan akan mengalami dengan pemberian bantuan uang dan barang. kesulitan. Sangat sedikit sekali yang menyentuh bidang budaya. Padahal sudah mafhum Kebijakan mengurangi kesulitan beban bahwa kemiskinan disebabkan banyak hidup masyarakat tidak saja dilakukan faktor, diantaranya Nasikun, menyoroti Pemerintah Pusat, ternyata dilakukan juga beberapa sumber dan proses penyebab oleh tingkat pemerintahan desa. Salah satu terjadinya kemiskinan, salah satu diantaranya dengan membuat kebijakan diantaranya adalah Cultural and ethnic pengaturan hajatan.Maka melalui gambaran factors ( faktor budaya dan etnik)2 awal itulah penulis tertarik untuk mengadakan studi penelitian terhadap Contoh realitas di adat nenek moyang kebijakan desa yang unik ini. Sehingga yang membuat miskin, seperti Tradisi Belis penulis mengambil judul penelitian, “ Studi di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Telah Kasus : Pengaturan Adat Hajatan Dalam menjadi budaya 'mencekik leher' warga. Mengurangi Kesulitan Beban Hidup Sehingga adat istiadat ini menjadi ancaman Masyarakat Miskin di Desa Windujanten”. kehidupan ekonomi masyarakat, bahkan merusak tatanan kehidupan sosial lainnya Perumusan Masalah Adapun adat istiadat yang kental di Bertitik tolak dari paparan yang telah NKRI adalah kondangan atas nama diuraikan pada latar belakang masalah di “hajatan”, dengan kemasan undangan atas, maka dapat diambil rumusan masalah “mohon doa restu”. Seseorang akan senang bahwa kesulitan beban hidup masyarakat mendapat undangan dipromosikan akan bertambah berat, jika adat istiadat jabatannya atau undangan rapat pembagian hajatan tidak dibatasi dengan aturan. Kalau keuntungan usaha. Namun lain halnya kalau masyarakat yang tidak miskin saja merasa mendapat undangan hajatan. Karena terbebani dengan banyaknya undangan namanya undangan hajatan,seperti turun hajatan ini, apalagi masyarakat yang miskin. hujan, tanpa pilih kasih . Untuk lebih spesifik, maka rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut : 1 BPS Provinsi Jawa Barat 2019 1) Bagaimana hajatan di Windujanten? 2 Nasikun, Isu dan Kebijakan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan. Magister Administrasi Publik. Universitas 2) Bagaimana aturan tentang hajatan di Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. 2001 Windujanten? 2 3) Bagaimana dukungan masyarakat pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik terhadap adat? purposive sampling. Purposive sampling 4) Bagaimana sanksi hukum hajatan di adalah teknik pengambilan sampel sumber Windujanten? data dengan pertimbangan tertentu (Sugiyono, 2015).3
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