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The Quarterly Journal of the Florida Native Plant Society
Volume 27: Number 2 > Summer 2010 PalmettoThe Quarterly Journal of the Florida Native Plant Society Everglades Tree Islands ● Schizaea pennula ● Pricing the Priceless BOOK REVIEW Native Bromeliads of Florida Reviewed by Chuck McCartney Among plants adding to the bromeliads and orchids. Thus, the as well a mention of its distribution tropical ambience of much of Florida’s reader of Native Bromeliads of Florida outside Florida, plus other interesting natural landscape are members of could not ask for a more authoritative tidbits about the species. the plant family Bromeliaceae, the pair of writers on the subject. There is also a dichotomous key bromeliads. These are our so-called The book delineates Florida’s 18 to help distinguish among the three “air plants,” and they are the most native bromeliads, including the three native bromeliad genera (Catopsis, commonly seen and widespread that do not occur in the southern Guzmania and Tillandsia), with further group of epiphytes, or tree-growing end of the state – Tillandsia bartramii, keys to the three Catopsis species and plants, found in our state. the apparently endemic Tillandsia 14 tillandsias. The keys are written Bromeliaceae is sometimes called simulata, and Tillandsia x floridana, in language that’s fairly easy to under- the pineapple family because that a putative hybrid of T. bartramii and stand for the amateur, and there ground-growing species, Ananas T. fasciculata var. densispica. is a glossary in the back of the book comosus from Brazil, is the most It also discusses familiar South to help with any unfamiliar terms. familiar representative of the group. Florida species, such as the widespread But what makes this book equally But equally familiar to people who and beautiful Tillandsia fasciculata, informative is the introductory have traveled in the American South with its flame red flower spikes (even material. -
Water Relations of Bromeliaceae in Their Evolutionary Context
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Apollo Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2016, 181, 415–440. With 2 figures Think tank: water relations of Bromeliaceae in their evolutionary context JAMIE MALES* Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK Received 31 July 2015; revised 28 February 2016; accepted for publication 1 March 2016 Water relations represent a pivotal nexus in plant biology due to the multiplicity of functions affected by water status. Hydraulic properties of plant parts are therefore likely to be relevant to evolutionary trends in many taxa. Bromeliaceae encompass a wealth of morphological, physiological and ecological variations and the geographical and bioclimatic range of the family is also extensive. The diversification of bromeliad lineages is known to be correlated with the origins of a suite of key innovations, many of which relate directly or indirectly to water relations. However, little information is known regarding the role of change in morphoanatomical and hydraulic traits in the evolutionary origins of the classical ecophysiological functional types in Bromeliaceae or how this role relates to the diversification of specific lineages. In this paper, I present a synthesis of the current knowledge on bromeliad water relations and a qualitative model of the evolution of relevant traits in the context of the functional types. I use this model to introduce a manifesto for a new research programme on the integrative biology and evolution of bromeliad water-use strategies. The need for a wide-ranging survey of morphoanatomical and hydraulic traits across Bromeliaceae is stressed, as this would provide extensive insight into structure– function relationships of relevance to the evolutionary history of bromeliads and, more generally, to the evolutionary physiology of flowering plants. -
The Genus Guzmania (Bromeliaceae) in Venezuela
The genus Guzmania (Bromeliaceae) in Venezuela Compiled by Yuribia Vivas Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela Bruce Holst & Harry Luther Marie Selby Botanical Gardens The genus Guzmania was described by Hipólito Ruiz and José Pavón in 1802 in the "Flora Peruviana et Chilensis." The type species is Guzmania tricolor Ruiz & Pav. The name honors Spanish naturalist Anastasio Guzmán, a student of South American plants and animals (Grant & Zijlstra 1998). Species of Guzmania are distributed from the southern USA (Florida) and Mexico to Brazil and Peru, including the Most species of Guzmania are found in cloud forests at middle elevations. Antilles; they are largely absent from lowland Amazonia. Photograph by Yuribia Vivas. Figure modified from Smith & Downs, Flora Neotropica. Guzmania is placed in the subfamily Tillandsioideae, and is distinguished from other members of the subfamily (Vriesea,Tillandsia, Catopsis, Racinaea, Alcantarea, Mezobromelia, and Werauhia) by having polystichously arranged flowers (that is, arranged in many planes on the inflorescence axis), white, whitish, yellow, or greenish petals that lack nectar scales, and having generally reddish brown-colored seeds. In general aspect, Guzmania is difficult to distinguish from Mezobromelia since both are polystichously flowered and may have similar color schemes, but the presence of nectar scales in Mezobromelia and absence inGuzmania separates them. Approximately 200 species and 17 varieties of Guzmania are known, making it the third largest genus in the subfamily, after Tillandsia and Vriesea. The table below is a listing of Guzmania in Venezuela, with synonymy, types, phenology, and distribution. Column two contains photographs of live plants and the third column, type specimens. Click on the photos for enlarged images. -
Carbon Isotope Ratio and the Extent of Daily CAM
NPH_489.fm Page 75 Tuesday, September 3, 2002 9:12 AM Research CarbonBlackwell Science, Ltd isotope ratio and the extent of daily CAM use by Bromeliaceae Simon Pierce1, Klaus Winter2 and Howard Griffiths1 1University of Cambridge, Department of Plant Sciences, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK; 2Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 2072, Balboa, Panama City, Republic of Panama Summary δ13 Author for correspondence: • Use of carbon isotope ratio ( C) to resolve photosynthetic pathways (C3, C4 or S. Pierce CAM) has limitations imposed by the use of intermediate photosynthetic modes by Tel: +44 114222 4702 certain plant taxa. Fax: +44 114222 0002 δ13 E-mail: [email protected] • Diel gas-exchange patterns, leaf C values and nocturnal tissue acidification were determined for 50 Bromeliaceae. Received: 21 February 2002 • δ13C values for well watered plants reflected the proportion of daily CO uptake Accepted: 17 June 2002 2 δ13 occurring at night. Thirteen per cent of species with C values typical of C3 plants (i.e. from −22.6 to −31.5‰) showed nocturnal acidification and either a small pro- portion (< 10%) of daily CO2 uptake occurring nocturnally or internal CO2 recycling during part of the night. None altered CAM expression in response to short-term drought, but the contribution of CAM to daily carbon gain became proportionally more important as C3 CO2 uptake failed. • Surveys of plant communities using solely the carbon isotope technique under- estimate the number of CAM-equipped plants. Key words: Bromeliad, carbon pathway, crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), δ13C, epiphyte, photosynthesis. © New Phytologist (2002) 156: 75–83 (i.e. -
Ecophysiology of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM)
Annals of Botany 93: 629±652, 2004 doi:10.1093/aob/mch087, available online at www.aob.oupjournals.org INVITED REVIEW Ecophysiology of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) ULRICH LUÈ TTGE* Institute of Botany, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 3±5, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany Received: 3 October 2003 Returned for revision: 17 December 2003 Accepted: 20 January 2004 d Background and Scope Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) as an ecophysiological modi®cation of photo- synthetic carbon acquisition has been reviewed extensively before. Cell biology, enzymology and the ¯ow of carbon along various pathways and through various cellular compartments have been well documented and dis- cussed. The present attempt at reviewing CAM once again tries to use a different approach, considering a wide range of inputs, receivers and outputs. d Input Input is given by a network of environmental parameters. Six major ones, CO2,H2O, light, temperature, nutrients and salinity, are considered in detail, which allows discussion of the effects of these factors, and combinations thereof, at the individual plant level (`physiological aut-ecology'). d Receivers Receivers of the environmental cues are the plant types genotypes and phenotypes, the latter includ- ing morphotypes and physiotypes. CAM genotypes largely remain `black boxes', and research endeavours of genomics, producing mutants and following molecular phylogeny, are just beginning. There is no special development of CAM morphotypes except for a strong tendency for leaf or stem succulence with large cells with big vacuoles and often, but not always, special water storage tissues. Various CAM physiotypes with differing degrees of CAM expression are well characterized. d Output Output is the shaping of habitats, ecosystems and communities by CAM. -
Light-Stress and Crassulacean Acid Metabolism
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Phyton, Annales Rei Botanicae, Horn Jahr/Year: 2000 Band/Volume: 40_3 Autor(en)/Author(s): Lüttge Ulrich Artikel/Article: Light Stress and Crassulacean Acid Metabolism. 65-82 ©Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Söhne Ges.m.b.H., Horn, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Phyton (Austria) Special issue: Vol. 40 Fasc. 3 (65)-(82) 31.3.2000 "P. J. C. Kuiper" Light-Stress and Crassulacean Acid Metabolism By ULRICH LÜTTGE0 Key words: CAM metabolism, light stress, nitrogen nutrition, photoinhibition, photosynthesis, xanthophyll cycle. Summary LÜTTGE U. 2000. Light-stress and crassulacean acid metabolism. - Phyton (Horn, Austria) 40 (3): (65) - (82). Environmental cues driving the evolution and diversification of plants with crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) are widely accepted to have been primarily CO2 (HCO3") supply and subsequently H2O supply. Light-stress is largely considered to act via amplification of water stress. Can light-stress per se affect CAM? CAM plants show various ways of acclimation to high light. In the field sun exposed CAM plants (e.g. rosettes of bromeliads, Aloe; Kalanchoe species) often respond with changes of pigmentation from dark green to strongly red or yellow. Changes in xanthophyll-cycle capacity serving thermal dissipation of excess photosynthetic excitation energy have been shown. Acclimation often seems to be strongly related to N-nutrition. CAM plants are known to be subject to acute and chronic photoinhibition. This was mostly related to phases when they perform C3-photosynthesis, i.e. in the early morning (phase II) and especially in the afternoon (phase IV). -
Nuclear Genes, Matk and the Phylogeny of the Poales
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2018 Nuclear genes, matK and the phylogeny of the Poales Hochbach, Anne ; Linder, H Peter ; Röser, Martin Abstract: Phylogenetic relationships within the monocot order Poales have been well studied, but sev- eral unrelated questions remain. These include the relationships among the basal families in the order, family delimitations within the restiid clade, and the search for nuclear single-copy gene loci to test the relationships based on chloroplast loci. To this end two nuclear loci (PhyB, Topo6) were explored both at the ordinal level, and within the Bromeliaceae and the restiid clade. First, a plastid reference tree was inferred based on matK, using 140 taxa covering all APG IV families of Poales, and analyzed using parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. The trees inferred from matK closely approach the published phylogeny based on whole-plastome sequencing. Of the two nuclear loci, Topo6 supported a congruent, but much less resolved phylogeny. By contrast, PhyB indicated different phylo- genetic relationships, with, inter alia, Mayacaceae and Typhaceae sister to Poaceae, and Flagellariaceae in a basally branching position within the Poales. Within the restiid clade the differences between the three markers appear less serious. The Anarthria clade is first diverging in all analyses, followed by Restionoideae, Sporadanthoideae, Centrolepidoideae and Leptocarpoideae in the matK and Topo6 data, but in the PhyB data Centrolepidoideae diverges next, followed by a paraphyletic Restionoideae with a clade consisting of the monophyletic Sporadanthoideae and Leptocarpoideae nested within them. The Bromeliaceae phylogeny obtained from Topo6 is insufficiently sampled to make reliable statements, but indicates a good starting point for further investigations. -
Lüttge-2010-Ability of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Plants to Overcome
AoB PLANTS http://aobplants.oxfordjournals.org/ Open access – Review Ability of crassulacean acid metabolism plants to overcome interacting stresses in tropical environments Ulrich Lu¨ttge* Institute of Botany, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 3-5, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany Received: 26 January 2010; Returned for revision: 16 March 2010; Accepted: 10 May 2010; Published: 13 May 2010 Citation details:Lu¨ttge U. 2010. Ability of crassulacean acid metabolism plants to overcome interacting stresses in tropical environments. AoB PLANTS 2010: plq005, doi:10.1093/aobpla/plq005 Abstract Background and Single stressors such as scarcity of waterand extreme temperatures dominate the struggle for life aims in severely dry desert ecosystems orcold polar regions and at high elevations. In contrast, stress in the tropics typically arises from a dynamic network of interacting stressors, such as availability of water, CO2, light and nutrients, temperature and salinity. This requires more plastic spatio- temporal responsiveness and versatility in the acquisition and defence of ecological niches. Crassulacean acid The mode of photosynthesis of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is described and its flex- metabolism ible expression endows plants with powerful strategies for both acclimation and adaptation. Thus, CAM plants are able to inhabit many diverse habitats in the tropics and are not, as com- monly thought, successful predominantly in dry, high-insolation habitats. Tropical CAM Typical tropical CAM habitats or ecosystems include exposed lava fields, rock outcrops of insel- habitats bergs, salinas, savannas, restingas, high-altitude pa´ramos, dry forests and moist forests. Morphotypical and Morphotypical and physiotypical plasticity of CAM phenotypes allow a wide ecophysiological physiotypical amplitude of niche occupation in the tropics. -
CAM) and Mineral Nutrition with a Special Focus on Nitrogen
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Exploring the Relationship between Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) and Mineral Nutrition with a Special Focus on Nitrogen Paula Natália Pereira and John C. Cushman * Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-(775)-784-1918; Fax: +1-(775)-784-1419 Received: 15 July 2019; Accepted: 2 September 2019; Published: 5 September 2019 Abstract: Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is characterized by nocturnal CO2 uptake and concentration, reduced photorespiration, and increased water-use efficiency (WUE) when compared to C3 and C4 plants. Plants can perform different types of CAM and the magnitude and duration of CAM expression can change based upon several abiotic conditions, including nutrient availability. Here, we summarize the abiotic factors that are associated with an increase in CAM expression with an emphasis on the relationship between CAM photosynthesis and nutrient availability, with particular focus on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and calcium. Additionally, we examine nitrogen uptake and assimilation as this macronutrient has received the greatest amount of attention in studies using CAM species. We also discuss the preference of CAM species for different organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen, including nitrate, ammonium, glutamine, and urea. Lastly, we make recommendations for future research areas to better understand the relationship between macronutrients and CAM and how their interaction might improve nutrient and water-use efficiency in order to increase the growth and yield of CAM plants, especially CAM crops that may become increasingly important as global climate change continues. Keywords: ammonium; crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM); nitrate; nitrogen; nutrient availability; organic nitrogen sources 1. -
Booklet[1].Pdf
-- ~~~ <3 ~ a ~ ~ :; 18~.-4-4 ~() n..c~t-\"'a ~g & \---E ~ [ N 0 N ~ ~ WELCOME TO THE 2012 SHOW Each year the Bromeliad Society of South Florida gathers the most spectacular and beautifully grown bromeliads in the Miami area, invites a range of commercial growers from throughout the state and throws in a rare plant auction where you can find some very unusual plants for your collection. These are all brought together in the lovely setting of 11AUCTION IN THE GARDEN HOUSE !! Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden for your enjoyment. Whether you are new to bromeliads or a seasoned grower, you can expect to fmd SATURDAY, APRIL 21,1:00 PM something new and interesting. SUNDAY, APRIL 22,1:00 PM In the Garden Room, we display plants entered in the Judged Show. There will be two auctions of bromeliads this year in the These plants demonstrate the great variety of bromeliads that can be grown in our gardens locally. Plants selected by the judges to be most Garden House. Bidding on the first starts at 1:00 p.m. outstanding among those presented earn major awards and are on Saturday and on the second at 1:00 p.m. on Sunday. displayed on the stage. Other plants are entered in the show as part of Rare, new and beautiful bromeliads donated by some of artistic displays (including decorative containers, cut inflorescences and the world's finest nurseries will be available for bidding. flower arrangements). Feel free to borrow the ideas you see here in your own creations. In addition to the plant show, we have an art show with works featuring bromeliads adorning the walls of the Garden Room. -
An Annotated Catalogue of the Generic Names of The
AN ANNOTATED CATALOGUE OF THE GENERIC NAMES OF THE BROMELIACEAE Jason R. Grant1 University of Alaska Museum, 907 Yukon Drive Fairbanks, Alaska 99775 U.S.A. Gea Zijlstra Department of Plant Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Herbarium, University of Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 2 NL-3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands 1 Author for correspondence 2 ABSTRACT An annotated catalogue of the known generic names of the Bromeliaceae is presented. It accounts for 187 names in six lists: I. Generic names (133), II. Invalid names (7), III. A synonymized checklist of the genera of the Bromeliaceae (56 accepted genera, and 77 synonyms), IV. Nothogenera (bigeneric hybrids) (41), V. Invalid nothogenus (1), and VI. Putative fossil genera (5). Comments on nomenclature or taxonomy are given when necessary to explain problematic issues, and notes on important researchers of the family are intercalated throughout. The etymological derivation of each name is given, including if named after a person, brief remarks on their identity. Appended is a chronological list of monographs of the Bromeliaceae and other works significant to the taxonomy of the family. 3 INTRODUCTION This paper catalogues all the known generic names of the Bromeliaceae. These names have appeared in the literature since the starting-point of binomial nomenclature in Linnaeus’ ‘Species plantarum’ (1753). The catalogue accounts for 187 names in six lists: I. Generic names (133), II. Invalid names, i.e. names without description or status, listed here merely for historical documentation (7), III. A synonymized checklist of the genera of the Bromeliaceae (56 accepted genera, and 77 synonyms), IV. Nothogenera (bigeneric hybrids) (41), V. -
S.F.V.B.S. San Fernando Valley Bromeliad Society October 2018 P.O
S.F.V.B.S. SAN FERNANDO VALLEY BROMELIAD SOCIETY OCTOBER 2018 P.O. BOX 16561, ENCINO, CA 91416-6561 sfvbromeliad.homestead.com [email protected] Twitter is: sfvbromsociety Instagram is: sfvbromeliadsocity Elected OFFICERS & Volunteers Pres: Bryan Chan & Carole Scott V.P.: John Martinez Sec: Leni Koska Treas: Mary Chan Membership: Joyce Schumann Advisors/Directors: Steve Ball, Richard Kaz –fp, Mary K., Sunshine Chair: Georgia Roiz Refreshments: vacant Web: Mike Wisnev, Editors: Mike Wisnev & Mary K., Snail Mail: Nancy P-Hapke Instagram & Twitter & FB: Felipe Delgado next meeting: Saturday October 6, 2018 @ 10:00 am Sepulveda Garden Center 16633 Magnolia Blvd. Encino, California 91436 AGENDA 11:15 - Refreshment Break and Show and Tell: 9:30 – SET UP & SOCIALIZE Will the following members please provide 10:00 - Door Prize drawing – one member refreshments this month: those whose last name who arrives before 10:00 gets a Bromeliad begins with in O, P, Q, R or S and anyone else 10:05 -Welcome Visitors and New Members. who has a snack they would like to share. If you Make announcements and Introduce Speaker can’t contribute this month don’t stay away…. just 10:15 –Speaker – Sandy Chase bring a snack next time you come. "The Sweet, The Foul, the Awesome Asclepiads." Feed The Kitty Sandy is a long time cacti and succulent hobbyist. If you don’t contribute to the refreshment table, Her presentation will cover asclepiadaceae; a large group of succulent plants. Except for a few species of please make a small donation to (feed the kitty jar) the genera Asclepias and Matelea, they are all on the table; this helps fund the coffee breaks.