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Secondary Payload Adapters and Interfaces Technical Committee Report

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Secondary Payload Adapters and Interfaces Technical Committee Report Secondary Payload Adapters and Interfaces Technical Committee Report 17th Annual Small Payload Rideshare Symposium Johns Hopkins University/Applied Physics Lab June 10, 2015 This committee reviews existing and conceptual secondary adapters, the vehicles on which they can be flown, their capabilities and limitations, as well as potential flight opportunities. Secondary adapters’ shortfalls in weight or volume, limitations in vehicle compatibility, and other issues and perceived needs are to be identified and documented. Manifesting and scheduling issues will be evaluated and documented along with suggestions for resolution or improvements. Secondary Adapters Technical Committee • US Government policy • US Rideshare Options • Smallsat‐to‐Launch Vehicle Interfaces • Adapters and Dispensers – CubeSat dispensers and adapters – Small Sat adapters – Propulsive adapters Future Topics • Rideshare “Wiki Page” on SPRSA.ORG website • Hosted Payload Options • International Boosters/Rideshare Interfaces NOTE: Some of the documented hardware does not yet have flight heritage. The information provided here is a guide; please consult with the vendor. Rideshare 2015 2 Acronyms ABC Aft Bulkhead Carrier ALS Adaptive Launch Solutions APL auxiliary payload CBE current best estimate CG center of gravity CSD Canisterized Satellite Dispenser CYGNSS Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System EM‐1Exploration Mission 1 EAGLE ESPA Augmented Geostationary Laboratory Experiment EELV Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle ESPA EELV Secondary Payload Adapter FASSN Fast‐Acting Shockless Separation Nut HDRM Hold Down Release Mechanism ISIS Innovative Solutions In Space JHU/APL Johns Hopkins University/Applied Physics Laboratory LCROSS Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite LTDN local time of descending node MEV maximum expected value MLB Motorized Lightband NLAS Nanosatellite Launch Adapter System NPSCuL Naval Postgraduate School CubeSat Launcher NTE not to exceed OMV Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle Φ diameter of circle P‐POD Poly Picosat Orbital Deployer PSC Planetary Systems Corporation RSA Rideshare Adapter SNC Sierra Nevada Corporation ULA United Launch Alliance 3 National Defense Authorization Act, 2014 “The DoD Executive Agent for Space shall conduct a study on responsive, low‐cost launch efforts. Such study shall include … an assessment of the viability of greater utilization of innovative methods, including the use of secondary payload adapters on existing launch vehicles. … Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the DoD Executive Agent for Space shall submit to the congressional defense committees a report containing (1) the results of the study … and (2) a consolidated plan for development within the DoD of an operationally responsive, low‐cost launch capability.” • Report completed and in final Air Force coordination ‐ Signature expected June 2015 • Report to be delivered to Armed Services Committee ‐ Should be available for public release Rideshare 2015 4 US Rideshare Options 2015 • Rideshare opportunities by third‐party brokers/integrators – Adaptive Launch Solutions (ALS) – NanoRacks LLC – Spaceflight Industries – TriSept Corporation – Tyvak Nanosatellite Systems Inc. • Large US vehicles w/ secondary capabilities – Antares (including Cygnus) [Orbital] – Atlas V [United Launch Alliance (ULA)/Lockheed Martin Commercial Launch Services] – Delta IV [ULA/Boeing Launch Services] – Falcon 9 (including Dragon) [SpaceX] – Falcon Heavy [SpaceX] – Space Launch System [NASA] • 11x 6U CubeSats will fly on EM‐1 2018 Rideshare 2015 5 US Rideshare Options 2015 • US small launchers – ALASA [DARPA/Boeing] – Alpha [Firefly] – Athena II [Lockheed Martin] – Electron [RocketLab] – Nano‐sat/Micro‐sat Launch Vehicle (NMLV) [Garvey Spacecraft] – GO Launcher 1, 2 [Generation Orbit] – LauncherOne [Virgin Galactic] – Minotaur I, IV, V, VI, C [Orbital ATK] – Neptune [Interorbital] – Pegasus [Orbital ATK] – Stratolaunch [Vulcan Aerospace] – SuperStrypi [Sandia National Labs] – Terrestrial Return Vehicle (retrieval from ISS only) [Intuitive Machines] – Ventions Nanolauncher [Ventions] Rideshare 2015 6 US Rideshare Options 2015 • US space planes – DreamChaser [Sierra Nevada Corporation (SNC)] – Lynx [XCOR] – Rocketplane [Kistler] – Spaceship Two [Virgin Galactic] – XS‐1 [DARPA/Multiple Teams] Rideshare 2015 7 Some Current Standard Interfaces • Φ62.01” (1575 mm), 120 x ¼” fasteners – Atlas V, Delta IV, Falcon 9, Antares, Minotaur IV, V, VI • Φ38.81” (986 mm), 60 x ¼” or #10 fasteners – Minotaur I, Athena, Taurus, Pegasus • Φ24” (610 mm), 36 x ¼” or 5/16” fasteners – ESPA Grande, CubeStack • Φ15” (381 mm), 24 x ¼” fasteners – ESPA, Atlas V Aft Bulkhead Carrier, Athena Rideshare Adapter • Φ8” (203 mm), 12 x ¼” fasteners – Small Launch ESPA, Athena Rideshare Adapter • Discrete point mounts – Configurations optimized per application • Many adapters can be flexible with customer interfaces – ALS Aquila/A‐Deck – CubeStack, ESPA, Moog CSA Plate Adapters – Design Net Rideshare Adapters (RSAs) – SNC Nanosatellite Dispenser/Adapter • S/C mounted w/ resettable HDRM‐4K sep nuts, kinematic mount Rideshare 2015 8 ESPA Interface, Separation Rings • Planetary Systems Corp Lightbands – MkII MLB24.000‐36: Φ24” 36 x ¼” fasteners – MkII MLB15.000‐24: Φ15” 24 x ¼” fasteners – MkIII Lightband in development • Increased performance, lower cost and delivery schedule • Available for spaceflight in 2016 • RUAG Clampbands – PAS 610S: Φ24” – PSR 1575: Φ62” • Sierra Nevada Clampbands – Qwksep 24: Φ24” 36 x 5/16” fasteners • Tapped or 0.332” clearance holes (holes for ¼” fasteners available) • 2015 update –development complete; qualification model built and ready for testing – Qwksep 15: Φ15” 24 x ¼” or 5/16” fasteners • Baseline 0.266” clearance holes • 2015 update – competitively awarded EELV auxiliary payload qualification contract by ULA Rideshare 2015 9 Lightband Interfaces • Φ38.810” 60 x ¼” fasteners • Φ31.600” 48 x ¼” • Φ24.000” 36 x ¼” • Φ23.250” 32 x ¼” • Φ19.848” 28 x ¼” • Φ18.250” 28 x ¼” • Φ15.000” 24 x ¼” • Φ13.000” 20 x ¼” • Φ11.732” 18 x ¼” • Φ8.000” 12 x ¼” Rideshare 2015 10 Discrete‐Point Mounts • SNC separation joints – HDRM 4k, 7k, 10k (formerly QWKnut) – FASSN 30K, 1500 • TiNi Aerospace separation joints – ERM E250, E500, E1000, E2000, E4000 • Ejector Release Mechanism part numbers represent max load in lbf • ORBCOMM Generation 2 satellites on ESPA (with adapter plates), each utilizes four E4000 units • Applied Physics Lab (JHU/APL) Express platform: Satellites between 6U and ESPA‐class, especially 20‐50 kg – Satellite deployment uses separation interface with two sep nuts at opposite corners of 4‐point mount Rideshare 2015 11 ESPA Four‐Point Mount ESPA Augmented Geostationary Laboratory Experiment (EAGLE) interface developed for propulsive ESPA ring – First copy of EAGLE ESPA replaces several of six ESPA ports with sets of four mounting pads for attaching hosted payloads – 4‐point‐mount interface also for use with separable satellites, up to 180 kg with 20‐inch CG offset, as in standard ESPA Rideshare 2015 12 CubeSat Dispensers • Cal Poly P‐POD (Poly Picosat Orbital Deployer) 3U dispenser • Nanoracks ISS deployers: 3U, 4U, 6U • Planetary Systems CSD: 3U, 6U, 12U, 27U dispensers • TriSept/Moog FANTM‐RiDE generic smallsat dispenser family • Tyvak dispensers – Rail‐POD 1U, 3U, 6U dispensers – NASA Ames NLAS (NanoSat Launch Adapter System) 6U dispenser • International products – ISIpod dispenser, ISIS [Netherlands] Marketed by Spaceflight in US as EZpod – JAXA ISS ejector, J‐SSOD [Japan] – NovaPOD and FlyMate, NovaNano [France] – SFL XPOD dispensers, U of Toronto [Canada] Rideshare 2015 13 Tyvak Dispensers • Tyvak 3U RailPOD – Ultralight 3U deployer • Tyvak 6U NLAS Mk. II – Based on NASA Ames NLAS dispenser (heritage on ORS‐3, to fly on ORS‐4) – Various improvements and upgrades • Tyvak 12U Modular Design – Using 6U as base module, larger form factors can be accommodated Rideshare 2015 14 FANTM‐RiDE • TriSept/Moog collaboration 1/3rd Scale FR Dispenser • Mass‐tunable, containerized, stand‐alone dispenser system with mission integration services • Lined up first commercial Availability for APLs: 24” x 24” x 32”, 240lbs customer for order of CubeSat Attach/Deploy Mechanism Prototype between 3 and 6 dispensers – Funding for final design, qualification testing, and flight unit delivery – Designated for June 2017 TriSept Dedicated Rideshare Mission (dRS‐1) • Continuing design towards PDR/CDR – Critical component designs near completion and/or identified COTS • Door hinges and latches, attachment/ deployment mechanisms, sequencer, etc. Rideshare 2015 15 FANTM Variants • FANTM‐LiTE – Half version of standard FR dispenser – Designed to the Atlas V ABC interface – Same features of standard FR, but smaller FANTM-RiDE • FANTM‐Grande FANTM-LiTE – Larger version of standard FR dispenser – Design to containerize ESPA and above‐class SVs – Nominally interfaces with 24‐in ESPA Grande port • FANTM‐RAiL – Smallsat attachment/deployment rail kits FANTM-Grande designed to flexibly integrate smallsats without mass of a dispenser FANTM-RAiLs w/ 12U and 6U – Designed to adhere to PSC CSD standard combos – Can be spaced to integrate 3U, 6U, 12U, and above smallsats Rideshare 2015 16 CubeSat Adapters • Aquila CubeSat accommodations by Adaptive Launch Solutions (ALS) • Naval Postgraduate School CubeSat Launcher (NPSCuL): 8x 3Us or 4x 6Us (or combinations) with Φ15” interface – Third mission on Atlas V Aft Bulkhead Carrier (ABC) May 2015 AFSPC‐5 deployed 10 CubeSats including Planetary
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