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A Study on Technical and Vocational Education In A STUDY ON TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN SECONDARY SCHOOL AS A SEPARATE STREAM: REQUIRED POLICIES, STRATEGIC MEASURES, IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT AND IMPROVEMENTS NEEDED IN TEACHING LEARNING TO ENHANCE PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS Final Report on ASubmitted STUDY toON IDENTIFYING Department of Education (MoE) Sanothimi,TARGETED Bhaktapur, Nepal INTERVENTIONSJuly, 2017 FOR ENSURING STUDENTS RETENTION IN THE CLASSROOM Submitted by Santwona Memorial Academy Pvt. Ltd., Educational Research and Consultancy Centre, Shantinagar-34, Kathmandu, Nepal Ph: 01-4106632, 01-4622221 e-mail: [email protected] Submitted to Department of Education (MoE) TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................... i LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................. vii LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................... viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................... ix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................... x Abbreviations and Acronyms .............................................................................. xviii CHAPTER ONE ........................................................................................................ 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Need of the study................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Purpose of the Study ............................................................................................................. 5 1.4 Expected Outcomes ............................................................................................................... 5 1.5 Global Objective ................................................................................................................... 6 1.6 Specific Objectives ................................................................................................................ 6 CHAPTER TWO ....................................................................................................... 8 LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................................................... 8 2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 TVET in International Context ............................................................................................. 8 i 2.3 TVET in Nepalese Context ................................................................................................... 9 CHAPTER THREE..................................................................................................19 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY ..................................................................19 3.1 Research Design .................................................................................................................. 19 3.2 Sources of the Data ............................................................................................................. 19 3.2.1 Secondary Sources ........................................................................................................ 19 3.2.2 Primary Sources ............................................................................................................ 20 3.3 Sample of the Study ............................................................................................................ 20 3.4 Tools for Data Collection .................................................................................................... 21 A. Interview ..................................................................................................................... 21 B. Observation ................................................................................................................. 21 C. Focused Group Discussion ......................................................................................... 21 D. Structured and Semi-structured Survey Questionnaire .............................................. 21 3.5 Data Analysis ...................................................................................................................... 21 3.5.1 Quantitative Data Analysis ........................................................................................... 21 3.5.2 Qualitative Data Analysis ............................................................................................. 21 a. Data Reduction ............................................................................................................... 21 b. Data Display ................................................................................................................... 21 c. Deriving Meaning .......................................................................................................... 21 Conceptual Framework ............................................................................................22 ii CHAPTER FOUR ....................................................................................................23 PRESENT STATUS OF TVE SCHOOLS ..............................................................23 4.1 Input .................................................................................................................................... 23 4.1.1 Student Enrolment in Sampled Schools 2073 .............................................................. 23 4.1.2 Gender-wise TVE Students .......................................................................................... 24 4.1.3 Dalit & Janajati TVE Students 2073 ............................................................................ 25 4.1.4 Teachers / Instructors .................................................................................................... 26 4.1.4 Infrastructures of the Schools ....................................................................................... 27 4.1.5 Academic Publications ................................................................................................. 35 4.1.6 Academic Planning ....................................................................................................... 36 4.1.7 Instructional Material ................................................................................................... 37 4.2 Instructional Procedure ....................................................................................................... 38 4.2.1 Adopted instructional technique ................................................................................... 38 4.2.4 Practical Activities ........................................................................................................ 40 4.3 Summary of School-wise Findings about TVE Stream ...................................................... 41 CHAPTER FIVE ......................................................................................................52 STAKEHOLDERS’ PERCEPTION ABOUT TVE STREAM IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS ...............................................................................................................52 5.1 Parents and SMC’s Perception ............................................................................................ 52 iii 5.2 Teachers’ Perception ........................................................................................................... 54 5.3 Students’ Perception ............................................................................................................ 56 5.4 Head Teachers’ Perception................................................................................................ 57 CHAPTER SIX ........................................................................................................59 SWOT ANALYSIS OF TVE STREAM IN GENERAL SCHOOLS .....................59 6.1 Introduction to Technical and Vocational Education Stream in General Schools of Nepal: ................................................................................................................................................... 59 6.2 Strengths of TVE Streams ................................................................................................... 60 6.3 Weaknesses of TVE Stream ................................................................................................ 62 6.3.1 Physical Problems: ....................................................................................................... 62 6.3.2 Academic Weaknesses: ................................................................................................ 63 6.4 Opportunities of TVE Steam: .............................................................................................. 66 6.5 Threats to TVE Stream ........................................................................................................ 68 CHAPTER SEVEN..................................................................................................71 GAP: POLICY AND PRACTICE ...........................................................................71
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