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Hemiptera: Tingidae) Del Peru 1 102 Vol. 16, № 1 SEIS ESPECIES DE TÌNGIMI (HEMIPTERA: TINGIDAE) DEL PERU 1 Marco A. Neciosup G? David Ojeda P.s SUMARIO Se incluyen características de seis especies de Tingini: basándose en características morfológicas de la cabeza, tórax Acanthocheila arminegra (Stai), Corythaica costata Gibson, y abdomen, haciendo en este último, especial referencia a Corythucha nocens D. & H. Gargaphia nigrinervis Stai, las terminalias masculinas y femeninas. Leptobyrsa decora Darke y Teleonemia prolixa (Stai) ; SUMMARY It is included the characteristics of six species of Tin- lixa (Stai) ; based in morfologie characteristics of the gini: Acanthocheila arminegra (Stai), Corythaica costata head, torax and abdomen, and making special reference Gibson, Corythucha nocens D. & H. Gargaphia nigriner- in the male and female genitalys. vis Stai, Leptobyrsa decora Drake and Teleonemia pro- INTRODUCCION tante difundidas como ornamentales en parques y jardi­ nes de nuestro departamento. Los chinches de la familia Tingidae son conocidos Considerando los escasos estudios efectuados en nues­ como "chinches de encaje" debido a que ofrecen las ca­ tro país en relación con este grupo de insectos, posible­ racterísticas muy particulares como es la reticulación, muy mente por la poca importancia que revisten sus daños, fina, a manera de "encaje", desarrollado en los márgenes se ha creído conveniente describir en forma amplia los del pronotum y la conformación delicada de las alas an­ caracteres morfológicos de seis especies de Tingini regis­ teriores. trados en diversos lugares de nuestra región, siendo estas La importancia de este grupo de insectos, radica en las siguientes: Acanthocheila armígera (Stal), Corythaica la actividad benéfica o perjudicial que realizan al incidir costata Gibson, Corythucha nocens Drake & Hambleton, en plantas silvestres o cultivadas, respectivamente. Se co­ Gargaphia nigrinervis Stal, Leptobyrsa decora Drake, y noce a Teleonemia scrupulosa Stal que actúa como con- Teleonemia prolixa (Stal). De esta manera el presente trolador de la "lantana" (Lantana sp. Fam. Verbenaceae) trabajo se prestará para facilitar la identificación de las considerada como mala hierba en muchos cultivos del especies aquí estudiadas y al mismo tiempo contribuir en Hawaii; la especie Stephanitis típica (Distant), es acu­ parte al conocimiento de este grupo de insectos. sada de ser vectora de una seria enfermedad virósica en cocoteros de la India (4). En nuestro país se consideran MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS a Gargaphia nigrinervis Stal, "tostadero de la montaña", y Corythaica costata "tostadero peruano", como plagas del Las descripciones se hicieron en base a insectos seco- algodonero; la primera registrada en las zonas montaño­ montados, excepto en la descripción de las terminalias sas del Cusco, Huánuco y Junín y la segunda en valles masculinas y femeninas y de las alas posteriores, para lo de la costa norte (9) ; pero para motivos del presente cual fue necesario hacer micropreparados. Para esto se estudio,. G. nigrinervis Stal se ha registrado también en dispuso de un individuo de cada sexo por especie en es­ los valles interandinos de Chota y Jaén, en tanto que C. tudio. Para facilitar la extracción de las alas posterio­ costata Gibson se ha reportado en Chota y en Chiriaco, res, el insecto seco, sea macho o hembra, se colocó en este último lugar de zona montañosa. En Lambayeque se maceración con KOH 20% durante 15 minutos luego con ha observado a Leptobyrsa decora Drake causando consi­ ayuda de un microscopio estereoscópico (6-100x) y pin­ derables daños en "dulanto" (Duranta sp. Fam. Verbe­ zas finas se procedió a separarlas cuidadosamente; para naceae), y a la especie Corythucha nocens Drake & Ham- su montaje en láminas porta objeto, ellas se colocaron bleton perjudicando plantas de "malva real" (Althaea sobre una gota de fenol líquido el que al secarse lenta­ rosea Fam. Malvaceae), ambas plantas hospederas bas- mente permitió que el ala quede normalmente extendida y adherida a la lámina; la muestra preparada se selló con un cubre objeto circular de 18 mm. de diámetro, im­ pregnado en una de sus caras con una delgada capa 1 Presentado a la XV Convención Nacional de Entomología. 27 Nov.-2 Die. 1972. lea, Perú. de pegamento "cutex". Para su disección, las termina­ 2 Ing. Agr. Ex-alumno de la Univ. Nac. Pedro Ruiz Gallo. lias de ambos sexos, debieron permanecer en maceración Lambayeque, Perú. lenta durante 24 horas en KOH 20%, ya disectadas con 3 Ing. Agr. Profesor Auxiliar de Entomología. Univ. Nac. ayuda de un microscopio estereoscópico (6-100x) y pin- Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Lambayeque, Perú. Diciembre, 1973 NECIOSUP & OJEDA: SEIS TINGINI DEL PERÜ 103 zas finas se pasaron a una lámina horadada conteniendo cepto las correspondientes a la Fig. 1 que han sido to­ una gota de glicerina ; las terminalias masculinas se dis­ madas de Drake y Ruhoff (4). Las mediciones que se pusieron con los paramares abiertos en una vista esternal consignan en las descripciones, tanto del cuerpo como Y las femeninas con el ovipositor extendido en una vista de apéndices, constituyen promedios sacados en base al lateral, que es como se dibujaron; para su conservación número de individuos que se disponían. se guardaron en pequeños tubos de vidrio con glicerina. Los caracteres morfológicos empleados con más fre­ Las ilustraciones se realizacon empleando una cáma­ cuencia en la descripción de las especies de esta familia, ra lúcida con 1.25x adicionales, acoplable al microsco­ están señalados en las figuras 1, 2, 3 y 4, consideradas pio estereoscópico; todas las láminas son originales ex­ como representativas para el presente estudio. Fig. 1.- Vista dorsal de Leptopharsa sp. , originai, Fig.3.-Vista ventral de Corythaica costata Gibson, originai. HOOD PARANOTUM CARINA CARINA E L Y T R 0 MEDIA LATERAL TYLUS BUCCULA ROSTRUM ORIFICIO METASTERNAL Fig. ¿.- Esquema de: O,ala posterior,- 6, terminalía masculina,- C,term'inalia femenina de Fig. 2.-Vista lateral de Corythaica costata Gib., original. linais cardiu (Linnaeus). de Drake & Ruhoff. 104 REVISTA PERUANA DE ENTOMOLOGÍA Vol. 16, № 1 DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS ESPECIES 11, 0.146; III, 1.155; IV, 0.537. Rostrum con pelos muy cor­ tos y escasos en todo su largo; pardo, casi marrón en el 1. ACANTHOCHEILA ARMÍGERA (STAL) segmento basal y negro en su ápice; el primer segmento (Figs. 5, 7a, 7b y 7c) es cilindrico, más ancho en su base (0.105 mm) que en su otro extremo (0.100 mm.), segundo segmento estrangulado Monantiha (Acanthocheila) armígera Stal 1858, p. 61 en su parte media, los restantes delgados; sus dimensio­ (Brasil). nes en mm, son: I, 0.22; II, 0.26; III, 0.06 y IV, 0.16. Monanthia (Acanthocheila) spínuligera Stal 1858, p. 61. Tórax — Pronotum pardo, superficie punteada y con Acanthocheila armigera: Stal 1873, p. 127. Distant 1888, una elevación poco perceptible en cada uno de sus lados. p. Lxxxiii. Champion 1897, p. 28, pl. 2, figs. 19, 19a, 20 Provisto de una carina central, poco desarrollada a manera (México, Guatemala, Panamá); 1898b, p. 60. Van Duzee 1907, de un cordón. Hood ligeramente elevado y cubriendo el p. 20 (Jamaica). Osborn and Drake 1915b, p. 536. Drake and vértex por detrás de las espinas cefálicas occipitales. Pa- Poor 1937d, p. 306 (Haití, Perú, Bolivia, Colombia, Nicaragua, ranotum conformado por una serie basal de 3 ó 4 areolas Puerto Rico, Cuba, Texas). pequeñas y expandido ligeramente hacia arriba en una serie Acanthochila spinuligera: Stal 1873, p. 127. de más o menos 10 estructuras espinosas, no igual en am­ Acanthocheila armigera: Drake and Bruner 1924a, p. bos lados del pronotum; las del borde anterior tienen una 146 (Trinidad). Drake 1926b p. 377; 1928e, p. 5 (Honduras). forma de horquilla y las restantes son simples, todas son Drake and Hambleton 1934, p. 442; 1945, p. 359 (Ecuador). pilosas y con su ápice negro; el ángulo posterior del pro­ Costa Lima 1936, p. 124. Monte 1938b, p. 128 (Argentina; notum es ligeramente elevado terminando en dos pequeñas Venezuela); 1940d, p. 100 (Nicotiana tabacum); 1942d, p. ondulaciones y deja expuesta una pequeña porción del scu- 108. Singh 1953, p. 117. Silva 1956, p. 15, fig. 1 (Ouratea tellum. Elytrae con su margen anterior estrecho y posterior­ sp.). Drake and Ruhoff 1965, p. 56. mente expandido, areolas grandes y hialinas, venas par- Acanthocheila nigrescens (nec Drake and Bondar): duzcas con sus puntos de intersección más oscuros; ex­ Monte 1937a, p. 31 (Pisonia tomentosa). cepto las ubicadas en la parte anterior del área costal que Insecto de tamaño relativamente grande; longitud: ma­ son pequeñas y con las venas marrones; presenta pilosi­ chos, 3.120 mm. y hembras, 3.151 mm.; cuerpo básicamente dad corta, muy numerosa en sus márgenes y escasos y de color pardo claro. dispersos sobre las venas principales y secundarias; áreas Cabeza — Con 0.485 mm. de ancho; tylus, vértex y costal y subcostal casi del mismo ancho, discoidal peque­ regiones post-oculares marrones, más claros en genas y ña y la sutural amplia; clavus pequeño subtriangular y no jugas; buccula pardo amarillenta, laminada, uniseriada y areolado; lámina hypocostal delgada y uniseriada; existe con pelos cortos en su borde; en el vértex es notable la una elevación poco pronunciada sobre la parte central de la sutura coronal. Provista de dos espinas occipitales y una vena R-M y que abarca parte de las áreas subcostal y dis­ frontal, todas de color parduzco con su ápice casi negro, coidal. Alas posteriores con una ligera tonalidad amarilla, con pilosidad escasa y fina; las occipitales curvadas hacia longitud 1.64 mm; venación reducida a las venas R; M, difu­ adelante y casi echadas sobre la frente, alcanzan con su sa en su extremo libre; R + M que no alcanza el ápice del ápice la base del escapo; la frontal es más delgada, erecta ala y la vena A. Pleuras torácicas de aspecto similar al disco y su ápice alcanza el ápice del escapo.
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