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Reflection, Zips, and Generalised Casts Abstract
Scrap More Boilerplate: Reflection, Zips, and Generalised Casts Ralf L a¨mmel Vrije Universiteit & CWI, Amsterdam Abstract Writing boilerplate code is a royal pain. Generic programming promises to alleviate this pain b y allowing the programmer to write a generic #recipe$ for boilerplate code, and use that recipe in many places. In earlier work we introduced the #Scrap y our boilerplate$ approach to generic p rogramming, which exploits Haskell%s exist- ing type-class mechanism to support generic transformations and queries. This paper completes the picture. We add a few extra #introspec- tive$ or #reflective$ facilities, that together support a r ich variety of serialisation and de-serialisation. We also show how to perform generic #zips$, which at first appear to be somewhat tricky in our framework. Lastly, we generalise the ability to over-ride a generic function with a type-specific one. All of this can be supported in Haskell with independently-useful extensions: higher-rank types and type-safe cast. The GHC imple- mentation of Haskell readily derives the required type classes for user-defined data types. Categories and Subject Descriptors D.2. 13 [Software Engineering]: Reusable Software; D.1.1 [Programming Techniques]: Functional Programming; D.3. 1 [Programming Languages]: Formal Definitions and Theory General Terms Design, Languages Keywords Generic p rogramming, reflection, zippers, type cast 1 Introduction It is common to find that large slabs of a program consist of #boil- erplate$ code, which conceals b y its b ulk a smaller amount of #in- teresting$ code. So-called generic p rogramming techniques allow Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or c ommercial advantage and that copies b ear this notice and the full citation on the first page. -
Template Meta-Programming for Haskell
Template Meta-programming for Haskell Tim Sheard Simon Peyton Jones OGI School of Science & Engineering Microsoft Research Ltd Oregon Health & Science University [email protected] [email protected] Abstract C++, albeit imperfectly... [It is] obvious to functional programmers what the committee did not realize until We propose a new extension to the purely functional programming later: [C++] templates are a functional language evalu- language Haskell that supports compile-time meta-programming. ated at compile time...” [12]. The purpose of the system is to support the algorithmic construction of programs at compile-time. Robinson’s provocative paper identifies C++ templates as a ma- The ability to generate code at compile time allows the program- jor, albeit accidental, success of the C++ language design. De- mer to implement such features as polytypic programs, macro-like spite the extremely baroque nature of template meta-programming, expansion, user directed optimization (such as inlining), and the templates are used in fascinating ways that extend beyond the generation of supporting data structures and functions from exist- wildest dreams of the language designers [1]. Perhaps surprisingly, ing data structures and functions. in view of the fact that templates are functional programs, func- tional programmers have been slow to capitalize on C++’s success; Our design is being implemented in the Glasgow Haskell Compiler, while there has been a recent flurry of work on run-time meta- ghc. programming, much less has been done on compile-time meta- This version is very slightly modified from the Haskell Workshop programming. The Scheme community is a notable exception, as 2002 publication; a couple of typographical errors are fixed in Fig- we discuss in Section 10. -
Metaprogramming Concepts of Programming Languages
Metaprogramming Concepts of Programming Languages Alexander Schramm Institut für Softwaretechnik und Programmiersprachen 2. November 2015 A. Schramm 2. November 2015 1/39 Table of Contents Introduction Runtime Reflection in Java Runtime Metaprogramming in Ruby C++ Templates Haskell Templates Lisp Macros Conclusion A. Schramm 2. November 2015 2/39 Outline Introduction Runtime Reflection in Java Runtime Metaprogramming in Ruby C++ Templates Haskell Templates Lisp Macros Conclusion A. Schramm 2. November 2015 3/39 Motivation Which issues do we want to tackle? I Avoid writing boilerplate code I Write code that shows our intention I Expand the syntax of languages I Write type independent code in strongly typed languages A. Schramm 2. November 2015 4/39 What is Metaprogramming Definition: Metaprogramming Metaprograming describes different ways to generate and manipulate code Differentations: I Compile time vs. runtime metaprogramming I Domain language vs. host language A. Schramm 2. November 2015 5/39 Differentations of Metaprograms Compile time Metaprogramming Ways to manipulate or generate code during compilation, e.g: Macros, Templates Runtime Metaprogramming Ways to manipulate or generate code, while it is executed, e.g: dynamic methods, Reflections A. Schramm 2. November 2015 6/39 Differentations of Metaprograms Domain Language The Programming Language, in which the metaprogram is written Host Language The Programming Language of the generated code I Can be different (YACC, Compilers) I Domain language can be a subset of the host language (C++ Templates) I Domain language can be an integral part of the host language (Ruby) A. Schramm 2. November 2015 7/39 Outline Introduction Runtime Reflection in Java Runtime Metaprogramming in Ruby C++ Templates Haskell Templates Lisp Macros Conclusion A. -
The Need for Speed 1 Speed Matters on the Mobile Web, but Perception of Speed Is Just As Important
The Need for Speed 1 Speed matters on the mobile web, but perception of speed is just as important. In collaboration with: FOREWORD BY Mustafa Kurtuldu & Lionel Mora Whether you’re a web developer, web designer or web marketer, you probably care about the end user of your product more than anything else. If you don’t, well maybe we need another eBook for that! When we look at internet users today, there is one thing that is new and striking: their level of expectations. Since mobile has become the dominant way to view the web, users access content and services on the go, and expect to be able to do that with their smartphone, anywhere, anytime. They want this to happen fast: load time is now rated highest and most requested criteria in what users expect from a site. In addition to this, speed can have a massive impact on businesses, knowing that 53% of mobile site visits are abandoned if pages take longer than 3 seconds to load. In this context it becomes very clear that pretty isn’t enough. If you’re building websites, and particularly mobile websites, you need to make sure they are fast as well. But, speed itself isn’t the only thing that matters, how we as human beings perceive speed and reaction times of a website is of utmost importance. This is at the core of what this eBook will cover, exploring how speed perception impacts user behaviour on your website, as well as sharing tips, tricks and techniques to better aid you in crafting highly performant websites that appeal to your audience. -
Expressive and Strongly Type-Safe Code Generation
Expressive and Strongly Type-Safe Code Generation Thomas Winant, Jesper Cockx, and Dominique Devriese imec-DistriNet, KU Leuven [email protected] Meta-programs are useful to avoid writing boilerplate code, for polytypic programming, etc. However, when a meta-program passes the type checker, it does not necessarily mean that the programs it generates will be free of type errors, only that generating object programs will proceed without type errors. For instance, this well-typed Template Haskell [5] meta-program generates the ill-typed object program not 'X'. notX :: Q Exp notX = [j not 'X' j] Fortunately, Template Haskell will type-check the generated program after generation, and detect the type error. We call such meta-programming systems weakly type-safe. Even though weakly type-safe meta-programming suffices for guaranteeing that the resulting program is type-safe, it has important downsides. Type errors in the generated code are presented to the application developer, who may simply be a user of the meta-program. If the meta-program is part of a library, the developer has little recourse other than contacting the meta-program authors about the bug in their code. Moreover, composing weakly type-safe meta-programs can be brittle because the type of generated programs is not specified in a machine-checked way. We are interested in what we call strongly type-safe meta-programming, which offers a stronger guarantee: when a meta-program is strongly type-safe, all generated programs are guaranteed to be type-safe too. As such, bugs in meta-programs are detected as early as possible. -
Create a Website Response
Blog | About | FAQ | Contact Highlight links internal https://kooso.home.xs4all.nl Browse external nofollow Create a website Response Response-Code 200 (OK) Text Information Web design tutorials Words 244 Video Tutorials on youtube Internal Links 16 XHTML and CSS Playlist External Links 69 Nofollow Links 0 Bootstrap Playlist JavaScript Playlist HTML5 Playlist and introduction Head SEO Playlist for beginners Microdata : ✓ What is JQuery? RDFa What is XHTML? title Create a website | Free HTML CSS video tutorials (48 Characters) application- Free Web design Source codes from tutorials name Source codes XHTML and CSS copyright SJN Oosterhoff Source codes Bootstrap web design, website design, website builder, create a website, free keywords website, seo, advance, no login, web development, interactive, Source codes Javascript html css tutorial, web tools, bootstrap, javascript, jquery Source codes JQuery viewport width=device-width, initial-scale=1 author meta-tags generator Create a website. Learn HTML CSS Bootstrap Javascript JQuery Interactive courses description and SEO. All tutorials for free. W3schools (93 Characters) robots index, follow Quackit revised Monday, January 7th, 2019, 06:30 pm TutorialRepublic Practical JavaScript course SERP Preview Watch and code Source codes Watch and code Create a website | Free HTML CSS video tutorials HTML CSS Tools https://kooso.home.xs4all.nl - Cached Privacy & Cookies Policy Create a website. Learn HTML CSS Bootstrap Javascript JQuery and SEO. All CSS Cheat sheet tutorials for free. CSS3 Optimizer -
Advanced-Java.Pdf
Advanced java i Advanced java Advanced java ii Contents 1 How to create and destroy objects 1 1.1 Introduction......................................................1 1.2 Instance Construction.................................................1 1.2.1 Implicit (Generated) Constructor.......................................1 1.2.2 Constructors without Arguments.......................................1 1.2.3 Constructors with Arguments........................................2 1.2.4 Initialization Blocks.............................................2 1.2.5 Construction guarantee............................................3 1.2.6 Visibility...................................................4 1.2.7 Garbage collection..............................................4 1.2.8 Finalizers...................................................5 1.3 Static initialization..................................................5 1.4 Construction Patterns.................................................5 1.4.1 Singleton...................................................6 1.4.2 Utility/Helper Class.............................................7 1.4.3 Factory....................................................7 1.4.4 Dependency Injection............................................8 1.5 Download the Source Code..............................................9 1.6 What’s next......................................................9 2 Using methods common to all objects 10 2.1 Introduction...................................................... 10 2.2 Methods equals and hashCode........................................... -
Writting a Website in Html Css Program
Writting A Website In Html Css Program Smutty or peaceful, Daniel never raffled any mantle! Incondensable Wolf always repel his dew-worm if Teodoor is tannic or convalesced grindingly. Which Shane squeegeed so jingoistically that Napoleon intercept her depicting? We just how to the easiest way writting a website in html css program to code with us a navbar all kinds of each other installers are they may encounter some common in! Quit worrying about and other such as he is pretty much time in css website a html in program. In web hosting account to understand writting a website in html css program that it together. Simple line constructs the url of the user have websites can. To target and spacing and css at writting a website in html css program is this tutorial files as google to numbers ordering the content of content to. Since some text formatting instructions and running quickly make dreamweaver is pretty much easier to html website is the instructions to get the html is not just drop interface. This knowledge of features and understand the html tags to put your digital. There who want to view more readable, email builders to search and upload and writting a website in html css program on how to start your web. They have a huge surge of this demo link can help on this is best practice, you should see image will fit your current state. There is one of a website html css program, but actually appear on code to exist in! Learn how to make sure that large volume of writting a website in html css program that developers there are added video on the speed up for? Knowing a newbie or shared docs or website is one reason is by using table is for your site writting a website in html css program on? Value exchange is separated by a semicolon just as partition would write many an embedded or external style sheets. -
East Meets West on Flat Design
Applied Research East Meets West on Flat Design: Convergence and Divergence in Chinese and American User Interface Design By Baotong Gu, Georgia State University and Meng Yu, Georgia State University Abstract Purpose: This study is designed to examine two design approaches: skeuomorphism and flat design, in both American and Chinese contexts. Questions explored include, What underlines this new design trend in American vs. Chinese cultures? How has this new design emerged? How will it evolve in the future? What culturally, underwritten aesthetic and rhetorical principles are at play? Method: Samples of user interface (UI) design are collected from both cultures and examined to compare similarities and differences wherever possible. In-depth textual analysis is used to deconstruct particular design cases. Results: Our analysis indicates that while flat design is the new trend, skeuomorphism has its place in UI design; each design has its advantages and shortcomings; and effective design may require the integration of both approaches. Our study also reveals that designs are culturally sensitive and that each particular design is contextualized and rhetorical. Flat design’s popularity in the Chinese context has its unique rationale due to social, ideological, cultural, and linguistic reasons. Conclusion: Savvy designers combine professional taste and culturally sensitive perspectives to produce effective designs that work for their particular contexts. Keywords: user interface design, flat design, skeuomorphism, Chinese UI design, Chinese element Practitioner’s • Skeuomorphism and flat design are and allows culturally universal affor- Takeaway: not mutually exclusive. They are both dances so that it can be localized with- useful in their own right. in any particular geopolitical context. -
Model Oriented Programming: Bridging the Code-Model Divide
Model Oriented Programming: Bridging the Code-Model Divide Omar Badreddin Timothy C. Lethbridge School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa University of Ottawa Ottawa, Canada Ottawa, Canada [email protected] [email protected] Abstract—Model Driven Engineering proposes the use of models as the main development artifacts. This methodology II. STATE OF THE ART MODELING PRACTICES involves generating code from models and then perhaps adding Modeling enables developers to work at a higher level of some details to the generated code. Frequently, it is required to abstraction. This view seems to be well accepted in both also reverse-engineer code to generate models. Despite the wide academia and industry. However, the overwhelming majority acceptance of modeling benefits, the use of Model Driven Engineering practices remains limited. We present model of developers still treat source code as their primary work oriented programming as a new paradigm to reduce the ever- medium [2]. Software engineers may draw diagrams when present tension between model-centric and code-centric explaining concepts in design meetings, and include some of development styles. The core of this approach is to add UML them in design documents, but relatively few use models to abstractions such as associations and state machines directly into actually drive development effort. Some communities, like the a high-level programming language code. In this approach, model open source developers, remain entirely code-centric. diagrams become just another abstract view of the code. The need for reverse engineering is eliminated, since everything in the A. -
Minimal Perl for UNIX and Linux People
Minimal Perl For UNIX and Linux People BY TIM MAHER MANNING Greenwich (74° w. long.) For online information and ordering of this and other Manning books, please visit www.manning.com. The publisher offers discounts on this book when ordered in quantity. For more information, please contact: Special Sales Department Manning Publications Co. Cherokee Station PO Box 20386 Fax: (609) 877-8256 New York, NY 10021 email: [email protected] ©2007 by Manning Publications Co. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in the book, and Manning Publications was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps. Recognizing the importance of preserving what has been written, it is Manning’s policy to have the books we publish printed on acid-free paper, and we exert our best efforts to that end. Manning Publications Co. Copyeditor: Tiffany Taylor 209 Bruce Park Avenue Typesetters: Denis Dalinnik, Dottie Marsico Greenwich, CT 06830 Cover designer: Leslie Haimes ISBN 1-932394-50-8 Printed in the United States of America 12345678910–VHG–1009080706 To Yeshe Dolma Sherpa, whose fortitude, endurance, and many sacrifices made this book possible. To my parents, Gloria Grady Washington and William N. Maher, who indulged my early interests in literature. To my limbic system, with gratitude for all the good times we’ve had together. -
Building Responsive Websites
HTML5 and CSS3: Building Responsive Websites Design robust, powerful, and above all, modern websites across all manner of devices with ease using HTML5 and CSS3 A course in three modules BIRMINGHAM - MUMBAI HTML5 and CSS3: Building Responsive Websites Copyright © 2016 Packt Publishing All rights reserved. No part of this course may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this course to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this course is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the authors, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this course. Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this course by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information. Published on: October 2016 Published by Packt Publishing Ltd. Livery Place 35 Livery Street Birmingham B3 2PB, UK. ISBN 978-1-78712-481-3 www.packtpub.com Credits Authors Content Development Editor Thoriq Firdaus Amedh Pohad Ben Frain Benjamin LaGrone Graphics Kirk D’Penha Reviewers Saumya Dwivedi Production Coordinator Deepika Naik Gabriel Hilal Joydip Kanjilal Anirudh Prabhu Taroon Tyagi Esteban S. Abait Christopher Scott Hernandez Mauvis Ledford Sophie Williams Dale Cruse Ed Henderson Rokesh Jankie Preface Responsive web design is an explosive area of growth in modern web development due to the huge volume of different device sizes and resolutions that are now commercially available.