19464 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 14, 1969 ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 11 A.M. Jay D. Crouthers John G. Carroll, Jr. Kenneth J. Allington Leo A. Morehouse, Jr. Robert J. Opezio Barry E. Chambers John G. Busava.ge Harvey G. Knuth, III Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, if Ray C. Gregory Edward M. Goodwin Robert C. Byrd Imanis J. Lesklno- there be no further business to come be Robert P. III Donald H. Van Llew vitch fore the Senate, I move, in accordance Reichersamer Joseph T. Oskolskl Paul A. Flood Edwin M. Cox with the order of July 11, 1969, that the Peter L. Ehrman James L. Middleton John E. Lord Harold F. Hoppe Senate stand in adjournment until 11 Nevin A. Pealer Keith E. Nichols Paul B. Withstandl.ey Warren E. Miller, Jr. Kenneth G. Coder Oscar F. Poppe, Jr. II Donald A. Winchester a.m. tomorrow. Daniel K. Mazurowski Michael F. Keating Charles 0. Laugha.ry, Theodore B. Kichline The motion was agreed to;. and
A EULOGY TO DWIGHT DAVID as all men join together to grieve the quickly grew to love that warm smile and EISENHOWER death of this great man. Perhaps this is reassuring tone of voice which drew peo the highest tribute that can be paid to ple to him wherever he went. His art of HON. MARGARET M. HECKLER Eisenhower. Although his career was leadership was unique. Every national or military in character, his life was de OF MASSACHUSETTS international problem was attacked by voted in actuality to his hope for peace him as if it were his own personal prob IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES among men. lem. His patience was boundless, and Monday, July 14, 1969 I welcome the opportunity to express, his high degree of perseverance to solve Mrs. HECKLER of Massachusetts. Mr. as others have, my own love and deep the Nation's problems was exemplary. Speaker, the passing away of President admiration of Dwight David Eisenhower. Eisenhower made me proud of America. Dwight David Eisenhower has been I speak for many Americans whose un He inspired me with his contagious zeal mourned by millions all over the world. spoken thoughts are easily read in their to serve America. Old and young alike, people of every sad faces as they recall their memory The accomplishments of Eisenhower race, have experienced a deep sense of of this wonderful man. are countless. The diversity of these con personal loss. Eisenhower knew no Our beloved Ike played an important tributions seem truly remarkable. The boundaries in his love for mankind; he role in my own life--he was a significant world can ill afford to loose such a bril sought not just the peace of a nation influence on my personal direction. While liant soldier and statesman as he was. but the peace of the world. For a few I was a student in college, I followed The Republican Party is proud to have moments in time the world rests in peace every step of his distinguished career. I had this giant of a man lead us for so July 14, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19465 many years. Eisenhower may have been These past weeks have been hard for all of other men have died and are dying, obscure "no politician" as he so often claimed, us; it takes a lot of love and courage to get ly, in far-o1f places, men whose names will through a time like this. I know you and never be known as his is known, but who but he commanded the respect and af your mother and your sister have plenty gave the same full measure that he did. fection of the people in a way that far of both. But I think it helps if all of us keep Another characteristic that your father surpassed the skills of politicians of any in close touch, exchanging thoughts and had to a marked degree was optimism. He era. feelings and memories. I know it helps me. felt sure that before very long, in this rapidly Eisenhower's true greatness lies in the Earlier your grandmother and I were look shrinking world, nations will have to learn to unspoken compliments that dwell in the ing at a scrapbook of clippings about your live together as good neighbors. He believed hearts of the people he served and to father's career. Some of them dealt with that ultimately the exploration of space may whom he devoted his life. Eisenhower incidents long before his famous space become a moral substitute for war, a contest has not really died; he has not even walk, long before the accident at Cape Ken in which nations will compete without nedy took him from us. I kept wondering bloodshed for knowledge and honor. He be faded away. For as long as the spirit of lieved that in most men the good far out liberty lives in the minds of men, so long if you knew all those stories-there was one in particular that I wished I could talk to weighs the bad. He believed that if a man will the memory of Dwight David Eisen you about. But you're in Texas and I'm in succeeds in doing what he wants with his life, hower remain with the American peo Florida. So for the moment we'll have to do and does it well, then that life, be it long or ple-Forever. our talking by letter. short, is fulfilled. You know, Eddie, as I leafed through that Your father had tremendous persistence scrapbook your father's characteristics too. He believed that the exploration of the THE FAITH OF ASTRONAUT EDWARD seemed to jump at me from every page. Con universe must and will go on, that it is our H. WHITE II fidence, for example: I never knew anyone destiny as children of God to keep seeking who had more of it than he did. Once when new challenges, asking new questions, find he was 12 or 13, just about your age, I took ing new answers. He knew that the farther him up in an old T-6, an Air Force trainer, we go, the more mysteries we encounter. But HON. GRAHAM PURCELL this only proved to him the infinite power OF TEXAS and let him take over the controls for a few minutes. I was amazed. No nervousness. and majesty of God. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES No tension. He seemed to know, instinctively, I know I don't have to remind you, Eddie, Monday, July 14, 1969 that a good pilot doesn't strap himself into of the depth of your father's faith. No one a plane; he straps the plane onto himself. knows better than an astronaut just how Mr. PURCELL. Mr. Speaker, in prep He really :flew it. important faith is. When you step out of the aration for the unprecedented experience That confidence stayed with him always. hatch of a spacecraft in space, you're step of the Apollo 11 moonshot, I would like I heard someone ask him once if he hadn't ping out on faith ... faith in your equip been surprised when he was chosen out of ment, faith in the knowledge and skill of to call the attention of my colleagues to hundreds of other men, faith in your own a most important factor of this entire so many applicants for our space program. He smiled, shook his head, said he had endurance and training and, above all, faith project: The faith of the men involved, worked so hard and prepared so carefully in God into Whose hands you commit your of their families, of this Nation, and of that he didn't see how he could not be self whether things go well or badly. The people throughout the world. chosen! world was surprised to learn, after the A strong faith, not just in the project I think that calm self-assurance was Gemini IV :flight, that your father had itself and its successful outcome, but, in based on several key things, Eddie. One taken into space with him three small was determination. When your father was medals representing the Catholic, Protestant dividual, personal, faith in God, gives and Jewish faiths. But we who knew him strength and purpose to our lives and to a youngster, we always told him, if he wanted something, go after it. We'd back weren't surprised, were we? If the Apollo our tasks. Astronaut Edward H. White II, him up, but he'd have to provide the drive launch had been carried out as ordered, he our first man to walk in space, had such and the energy. And he always did. I re had planned to carry with him some mustard faith. As his father said recently: member once when he was on the track team seed, each tiny grain representing the power When you step out of the hatch of a at West Point he told me that he expected of faith to move mountains. But in the end spacecraft in space, you're stepping out on Army to win the mile relay unless the other those orders were changed by a Higher faith ... faith in your equipmnt, faith in runner-slower, with little chance to win Command. the knowledge and skill of hundreds of other tried the tactic of cutting in front and slow I think the matn thing to remember about men, faith in your own endurance and train ing down Army. all this, Eddie, is that a good man's life is ing and, above all, faith in God into whose "What'll you do if that happens to you?" never quite ended; something of it always hands you commit yourself whether things I asked him. remains to touch and illuminate other lives. go well or badly. "I'll run right up his back!" your father On weekdays at West Point, for instance, said, And that's exactly what did happen. there is a little informal devotional service Abraham Lincoln once said: Both runners went sprawling, blllt your early in the morning. Cade1:8 are not required I have been driven many times to my knees father was on his feet first and Army won to attend, but your farther used to find time by the overwhelming conviction that I had the race. to go. Someone told me toot before the acci nowhere else to go. My own wisdom, and that Another thing he had mastered was dis dent at Cape Kennedy, the average attend of all about me, seemed insufficient for that cipline. They'll teach you some day a.t the ance was four or five ood.ets. After the acci day. Point, Eddie, that nothing worthwhile is dent, 1-t was 175. The track team came in a ever achieved without it-and they're right. body, every single man. Your father would It is this kind of strength that we are Part of it is self-discipline-doing the things have liked that, I'm sure. seeking, and, that I suggest we all need that nobody else can make you do. But And on the day of the funeral at West to find. part of it is also acceptance of the f·act that Point, when the people attending were asked Today let us exhibit this faith by com orders must be obeyed as well as given. to join in the Lord's PrayeT, do you remember mitting ourselves to more effectively learn During the :flight of Gemini IV, when your that response? Not a murmur or a scat·tered to pray together, not only for our astro father made his walk in space some reports whisper. No, the sound of a thousand voices, made it sound as if he was having such a resonant and strong, went rolling out across nauts, but for all the people, the pro good time outside the capsule that he re that noble riveT and those lordly hills. Your grams, and the purposes of this Nation. fused at first to come back in. That was not father would have liked that too. Astronaut White's father is a close so. He was having a marvelous time, but he The scrapbook clipping I mentioned at the personal friend of mine, and of many came in as soon as the command reached beginning of this letter also involved a pray others here on Capitol Hill. He has writ him. I heard your grandmother telling a very er, a strangely prophetic one. Back in 1952, ten a letter to his grandson, Eddie, As high-ranking general in the Air Force that when your father tried out fbr the Olympic tronaut White's son, describing Ed's this was the case. "I already know that," the track team, he didn't make the team, but he general said. "But how do you know?" she was in the finals at Los Angeles. A sports faith. We can identify ourselves with the asked, astonished. "Because I know Ed," the columnist, Bill Corum, introduced some of thoughts expressed. general said quietly. the athletes on a television program. Your Under unanimous consent I include Integrity . . . perhaps that was the main father was one of them. Afterward, Bill Co the letter in the RECORD at this point, source of your father's self-confidence. A rum couldn't remember his name. But sOllle both for its own message on faith and in man who really has it has no reason to dis thing about yow- f
be beyond measure. OUr challenge 1s to de FREEDOM TRUTH IN LENDING velop and effectively put into operation Someone said, "Stand up for freedom", those plans which will assure even greaJter It's been good to you and me; success than has been achieved in the past. As we heard the voice we wondered, HON. ROBERT G. STEPHENS, JR. Freedom's survival depends on the fulfill Just what might this Freedom be. OF GEORGIA ment of our challenge. It's something that our fathers won IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES We, as thinking Kiwanians, must make ev For us on hallowed ground. ery major effort to awaken some of the citi Now I'd like to tell the whole wide world Monday, July 14, 1969 zens to the immediate necessity of restoring Just where this Freedom's found. Mr. STEPHENS. Mr. Speaker, on July a respect for law. Freedom itself is based on the rule of law. Freedom is predicated on You'll find it in the Bill of Rights, 1 the truth-in-lending law went into ef obedience to authority. No country or nation It's written in our laws; fect, and I have had numerous commu can long endure where the rule of the mob You'll find it on the battlefield nications from various people who have becomes superior to the rule of law. No na Where men fight for a cause. had to deal with this law. There seems tion can long survive where there is a dis It's found in every moral gift to be some misunderstanding as to dain of the law. Anarchy would soon be the The good Lord gave to me where I stood when this was before the result. lt's hope, it's love, it's sacrifice For freedom is not free. House Banking and Currency Committee J. G. Holland said, "Laws are the very bul and on the floor of the House. I was warks of liberty: They define every man's It's found in the smile of children opposed to this bill because of its inva rights and defend the individual liberties of On a Sunday afternoon; all men." Yes, liberty itself demands the obe It's cruising down the river sion of the rights of the States and the dience of the laws that have been enacted in Underneath an August moon; individual, perhaps more so than any a free society. MacDonald has said, "Free will It's basketball and baseball legislation in recent years. It supersedes is not the liberty to do whatever one likes, Or a smashing football team; State laws on advertising by financial but the power of doing whatever one sees It's a nightingale a'warbling institutio.ns; it changes State laws on ought to be done, even in the very face of By a rushing mountain stream. garnishment as a means of collecting otherwise overwhelming impulse. There lies It's a poll1ng place election day debts; and in effect approves a national freedom indeed." Monesqueu said, "Liberty is interest rate of 18 percent. I am not the right to do what the law allows, and if As you freely cast your vote; a citizen could do what they forbid, it would You can find it on the ocean waves opposed to a borrower knowing the truth be no longe·r liberty because others would While sailing in your boat; but each State ought to do it. When the have the same powers." It's a trial by jury of your peers bill was being debated on January 31, A right to fair appeal; 1968, I offered an amendment to the Kiwanians are concerned about the main It's speaking out on issues clear tenaJnce of respect for law and order To tell folks how you feel. Truth-in-Lending Act which would have throughout our communities, state or prov extended the effective date of the act for ince, and nations. With these concerns Freedom's found 'cause men have struggled 1 year. The rules needed more study. My paramount in our thinking and because of So that others might enjoy amendment failed. When speaking on my the rise in crime and the growing lack of The good things that it brings us respect for constituted authority. Operation Man or woman, girl or boy. amendment I pointed out the following: Law and Order was born as a major Kiwanis Let its holy light shine on us, Let me point out now that we do not project. Operation Law and Order recom- Love it more than man can tell have a compromise bill. I have heard it . mends four major areas in which a Kiwanis With every right a duty said several times that we have a com club can help its members get involved ln To preserve it--keep lt well. promise bill. We do not have a compro this program. They are: Just as god himself bestowed it mise bill, because when we passed the 1. Demand respect for law and order from Brave men fought to keep it live; bill out of the committee the banks, the officials responsible for law enforcement. But for countless deeds of valor, institutions that use installment credit 2. Work to inculcate into all citizens, es Freedom won would not survive. such as the furniture stores that use in pecially youth, an attitude of respect for law So we ask "Stand up for Freedom" and order. stallment credit, all said that what we That tomorrow we may say voted out was relatively unfair to them 3. Demonstrate support for law enforce There's the holy light of Freedom ment personnel who act responsibly. We stood up for yesterday. because they were put at a disadvantage 4. Help alleviate the causes of unrest. in that they could not put their rates on We must continue to activate Operation a monthly basis. Law and Order more intensely than ever ISRAEL MAGAZINE On the other hand, when we changed now. Can anyone who loves his country deny that just a little while ago by rejecting the importance of this program. the committee amendment, we are in the So, with our theme "Stand Up For Free HON. HUGH SCOTT position of requiring those who are using a.11 dom", let us be mindful of our duty and OF PENNSYLVANIA revolving credit to tell a lie. responsib111ty to protect and preserve our heritage of freedom from every challenge. IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES We have not compromised those two divergent ideas in any proposals that Those pilgrim fathers of 1620, those brave Monday, July 14, 1969 men who fought through many wars to pre have been made. As a result, I have not serve freedom, would not have it taken Mr. SCOT!'. Mr. President, a hand been convinced by anyone that I should away. some new publication in America is en vote for either side of the matter, since Some anonymous person has written that titled Israel magazine, which I am proud we have failed actually to compromise the history of a people shows that they go to report is published in Philadelphia. this and to bring forth a b111 that wm not from bondage to great spiritual faith, from It is made available through the tal require someone to tell a lie or will not great splritua.I faith to courage, from courage ented efforts of Richard Wexler, a man put someone on the other side at an un.. to liberty, from liberty to abundance, from abundance to selfishness, from selfishness to whose ability I have long admired. The fair disadvantage. complacency, from complacency to apathy, magazine has many full color photo If we could get those two together, from apathy to indUierence, and from indif graphs and others in black and white. then we could have a truth-in-lending ference back to bondage. Today many of our It attempts to put onto paper some of bill. people are apathetic to the challenge of our the gallantry and pioneering spirit that How can I go home to brag about pass way of life. They are living in abundance and is so traditional with the State of Israel. ing any kind of truth-in-lending bill if it are filled with indifference. Kiwania.ns must , /I was very much impressed with its requires people to tell something that is not be apathetic but active if freedom is to survive. recent special issue entitled "Picture Al not true? How can I support legislation Ours is an old-fashioned heritage that was bum," especially with a section devoted that gives a competitive disadvantage created, won and protected through the to children. There it showed the new in the field of credit or in lending money, centuries. It must not be forfeited by fail generation of people who are building on the other side of the picture? ing to stand up for it. It is the her1~ tha.t on the foundations of their pioneer par I cannot brag about either one. men drea.m.ed. Of and dared to make that ents and who so very much would like to However, to get back to my amend dream come true. live in a world of peace. ment, if we are going to have a bill, then And so I conclude with some verses of my I commend Israel magazine to the at let us give the people who are going to own which I have called "Freedom", in whlch tention of the Senate, and I am pleased draft the rules and regulations enough lines I have tried to distill my own ideas of that its headquarters is in my Common time to do so. Let us do that ourselves, our greatest blessing-Freedom: wealth of Pennsylvania. since this is a very complicated matter. 19470 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 14, 1969
If there is the purpose in this legisla eral of the United States empanel a group of and an accountant-at $10,000 per year. The tion of educating the public, I am not so experts to inquire into the dangerous ef company lost more money. A professional sure that we have educated the public by fects of alcoholic beverages. management firm was hired and got Con Adopted by the Board of Deacons of Mul ley a big contract. The company lost $40,- it. From the debate we have had, we have lins First Baptist Church, Mullins, South 000 on the deal. not even educated each other here yet. Carolina the 2nd day of July, 1969. Conley was bankrupt and he closed the If we are going to educate the public, RAYMOND PRIDGEN, business. The government sold his machin we can educate the public by having a Chairman. ery to an out-of-state firm. The 45 employees bill that is not as controversial as this CARL TRULUCK, lost their jobs. The neighbors lost the $40,000 bill has been. Secretary. they had paid for Conley's stock. Conley, in I repeat, I cannot support a bill that, addition to losing the business that he had worked nine years to build, also lost the considering both sides, is one which does THE POVERTY PROGRAM $40,000 cash reserve he had in the bank. The not require truth in lending or requires taxpayers lost the $356,000 given to the com disclosures that are an unfair competi pany as a "grant" to help expand the busi tive disadvantage on the other side. HON. TIM LEE CARTER ness. On February 1, 1968, the vote was OF KENTUCKY This was one of the "great successes" of the taken on this legislation. It was passed war on poverty, and typical of the "sound IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES management principles" applied government by the Rouse by a vote of 382 to 4. I was Monday, July 14, 1969 pencil-pushers who have answers for every .one of the tout Members cf the House to thing. But, the public hears little about such vote against the truth-in-lending legis· Mr. CARTER. Mr. Speaker, I think it costly debacles as this. Instead, the public lation. Now a number of my colleagues worthwhile to include an editorial by bears the "poor-mouthing" in behalf of the say they wish they had followed my vote. Gordon B. Crump of the Glasgow Times, "poor people" that the bureaucrats will lift Glasgow, Ky. from poverty, if a few more million in taxes Many of us have worked to help the will be put Lnto the program so that the staff poor people of southeastern Kentucky. of "experts" can be increased. EXCESSIVE USE OF ALCOHOL- However, it is evident that the poverty The Offi.ce of Economic Opportunity said, in the beginning, that Elliott County was a RESOL~ON ADOPTED BY THE program has not accomplished the ends "poverty area." OEO employees helped to BOARD OF DEACONS OF THE MUL for which it was intended. Provision of make it a reality. LINS FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH worthwhile jobs for the able-bodied un employed should be the purpose of the program. HON. STROM THURMOND Poor people so employed should work PHYSICAL FITNESS OF SOUTH CAROLINA as all other people do, 8 hours a day for a IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 5-day week. Then they could receive their pay and retain their self-respect. Monday, July 14, 1969 HON. LESTER L. WOLFF Projects initiated by neophytes in OF NEW YORK Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, there business fail in the majority of instances. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is no longer any question that there are The initiation of business enterprises manifold dangers inherent in the exces should be promoted and executed by men Monday, July 14, 1969 sive use of alcohol. Individuals who have skilled and trained in this field. Other Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, physical subjected their will and reason to the wise, the programs will fail just as the :fitness and American youth are often a numbing influence of alcohol present a one mentioned in this area did, with topic for discussion. Critical observers threat not only to their own health such disastrous effects to the original tend to feel that the onset of the indus through brain damage and cirrhosis, but owner, to the Office of Economic Oppor trial age actually marked the beginning also to numerous innocent bystanders tunity, and to the people of the county. of the end for "the sound body." In ef who are subject to the behavior of one so The editorial follows: fect, they would lead one to believe that influenced. CRUMPLED COMMENTS we are so pushbutton oriented that our Mr. President, a fine group of civic (By Gordon B. Crump) younger generation totally personifies minded South Carolinians have recently Here is a story well worth passing along, flabbiness and indolence. adopted a resolution which endorses ac vouched for by the Mount Sterling Advocate: Mr. Speaker, I believe this is a gross tion on a national level to mitigate the m neighboring Elliott County, the federal exaggeration. Moreover, I am convinced possibility of continued tragedy resulting government has given the people of Sandy that America should be proud of many from the intemperate use of alcohol. Hook a real 'lesson in "business manage of its youth, not only for their spiritual Mr. President, I ask unanimous con ment." and ideological pursuits but for their In 1953, Blackie Conley opened a cabinet sent that the resolution adopted by the making shop in Sandy Hook. Nine years later, physical fitness as well. board of Beacons of the Mullins First he had 45 employees on the payroll and Recently, the Marine Corps youth Baptist Church in Mullins, S.C., be in $40,000 in the bank account of the business. physical :fitness championship was held cluded in the Extensions of Remarks. Then, Elliott County was declared to be a in the District Armory. Those who par There being no objection, the resolu "depressed area" and the "poverty fighters" ticipated undeniably exemplified the tion was ordered to be printed in the moved in, full of expert advice on how to fine qualities of many of our youth solve all of the problems of the area. Conley sportsmanship, concentration, and RECORD, as fOllOWS: was urged to expand his business to help Whereas, during the year 1965, $13,200,- solve poverty, and to sell 4,000 shares of his stamina. I am particularly pleased, Mr. 000,000 was spent by Americans on alco business to his "poverty-stricken" neighbors. Speaker, inasmuch as the winner, for holic beverages, and To help the cabinet-making business the fourth consecutive year, was Carle Whereas, the only way an individual can boom, the f-ederal government made a ~356,- Place High School, from the Third Dis contact the disease termed "Alcoholism" is 000 grant to the company, which now was trict of New York, which I represent. by the consumption of alcohol, and a 'COmmunity enterprise. With the $356,000 The team won with the impressive score Whereas, Medical Science has determined grant, however, came rUles and regulations of 2,286 points out of a possible 2,500. without question that alcohol causes cir about employment and accounting proce rhosis of the liver as well as other diseases, dures. Bureaucrats even started signing the Outstanding participants included last and checks on Conley's company account. The year's all-around champion, Rich Mor Whereas, many individuals commit crimes business started losing money. rison, 19, with a score of 488, and Bob while under the infiuence o! alcohol, The !ederaJ government lost the taxes that Kiel, 17, and Bob Avey, 16, with scores Now, therefore, be it resolved by The Conley's business had been paying, plus the of 474 and 461, respectively. Board of Deacons of Mullins First Baptist taxes the 45 employees had been paying. To Mr. Speaker, I would like to take this Church that the Federal Trade Commission add insult to injury, these taxes were help opportunity to congratulate Carle Place require the following wording to be placed ing to pay the salaries of the "poverty ex upon all alcoholic beverages: Caution: perts" who came to Sandy Hook and "man High School, its outstanding team, and "This alcoholic beverage will cause alco aged" the cabinet firm right into bank Marine Maj. Tom Redden who coached holism, cirrhosis of the liver~ and is ex ruptcy. them. I am proud that the Third Dis tremely dangerous to your health". The OEO decided, at this point, that Con trict has such fine examples of America's Resolved further, that the Surgeon Gen- ley needed a salesman-at $15,000 per year- physically spent youth. July 14, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19471 CAPTIVE NATIONS WEEK Soviet policy of aggressive imperialism and Americans are deciding whether to stop defend the traditional principles and norms smoking or to continue. There is a group of international law, in order to maintain of junior and senior high school students HON. ·JOHN M. MURPHY world peace, security and freedom for all in my congressional district who have OF NEW YORK nations. For the peoples of East-Central Europe, made that decision and are doing some IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES it is important to learn of the continued thing to convince their peers that they Monday, July 14, 1969 determination of the free governments of should either stop smoking or not start the world to lend their moral and political smoking at all. Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. support to the rightful aspirations of their On February 1, 1968, the Kern County Speaker, two organizations, the Assem captive East-Central European brethren. Inter-Agency Council on Smoking and bly of Captive European Nations, and While commemorating this year's Captive Nations Week: Health was awarded a $52,000 U.S. Pub the American Friends of the Captive lic Health Service grant to do a 2-year Nations, yearly spOnsor Captive Nations We stress that the Soviet Union has de monstrably violated its solemn promises of pilot study on "Peer Group Influence Week as a vivid demonstration of the freedom and independence to the nine na Among Junior and Senior High School solidarity of the American people with tions made captive during and after World Students on Changing Attitudes and Be their captive brethren in East and Cen War II-Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, havior on Smoking." This was an at tral Europe. Nationwide observances, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland tempt to test the theory that the way to preceded by Captive Nations Week proc and Rumania; get the message through to teenagers is lamations by the President and by Gov We also stress that the Communist regimes in the East-Central European nations con to send it via teenagers. The campaign ernors and mayors of many States and is called, appropriately enough, "Smoke cities, offer the American people an op tinue to be unresponsive to the wm of the people by denying them the right to periodic Out." portunity to manifest their continued and genuinely free elections. According to the terms of the grant, 20 concern for the plight of the 100 million We appeal to the free governments of the students from each of the two high East and Oentral Europeans living un nations of the world: schools-East Bakersfield High School der Communist rule. Under leave to 1. To declare, in accordance with the prin and Foothill High School-and a junior extend my remarks in the RECORD I in ciples of the Atlantic Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Dec high-Beardsley Junior High School clude the Captive Nations Week Mani were to be chosen by their peers to par festo 1969: laration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries, adopted by the United ticipate in the project. CAPTIVE NATIONS WEEK MANIFESTO 1969 Nations on October 14, 1960, their support of After extensive research into con The undersigned organizations, dedicated the right to self-determination of all peoples ventional methods currently used by to the restoration of freedom in the captive held captive by the Communists and, con schools and health agencies to teach stu nations, call attention to Public Law 86-90, sequently, to make this issue the permanent dents the hazards of cigarette smoking, unanimously adopted in 1959 by the Con concern of the United· Nations; gress of the United States, by which the 2. To repudiate the intent and objectives Project Coordinator Gloria Zigner for third week of July each year was designated of the Brezhnev Doctrine, including its im mulated the idea of having the 60 stu as Captive Nations Week. plied recognition of the spheres of influence dents simulate an advertising agency to The Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in and of the status quo in East and Central · plan, create, and implement a campaign, August 1968 and the subsequent enuncia Europe; utilizating the very techniques which tion of the so-called Brezhnev Doctrine have 3. To bring to world attention the urgent Madison Avenue uses to make smoking once again brought to the surface the entire need for a responsible attitude by the free so attractive, but in this case making it issue of self-determination and fundamental nations of the world designed to help bolster unattractive, unappealing, and "out." freedoms for the one hundred million peo the morale of the East-Central European ple of East-Central Europe. The tragedy of peoples and thus create a climate favorable A "logo contest" was held among the Czechoslovakia dramatizes the built-in in to their quest for full national independence staff members to design the smoke out stability of contemporary Europe rooted in and individual freedom. trademark which was included in all the still unresolved problems bequeathed by 4. As part of this effort, we call on the campaign rna terial. The winning design the Second World War. The Brezhnev Doc United States Government and on other was submitted by a seventh-grade boy. trine brings into focus the sad fact of the members of the Atlantic Alliance to main Following a successful student-run perpetuation in power of unpopular Com tain, and where possible strengthen, NATO's press conference, the multimedia cam munist regimes--imposed by a foreign defense forces. This alone will help counter power-that are not responsive to the will of any temptation of further Communist ag paign kicked off on March 1, 1969, with the peoples over whom they rule. gression-by force or threat of force. out a hitch. Commercials which had The record of over two decades of Com We appeal to the People of the United been prepared well in advance were car munist rule shows that the legitimate as States of America to manifest during Captive ried as public service announcements pirations of the captive European nations Nations Week, July 20-26, 1969, their aware by all local radio and television sta have long been thwarted by Soviet hege ness of the importance of freedom for 100 tions. Outdoor boards, space for which mony over the area. Now, with the advent million peoples in the Communist-dominated was provided as a public service, were of the Brezhnev Doctrine, the USSR has in lands to the establishment of a valid Eu unveiled carrying the same message as fact tried to make this arbitrary arrangement ropean settlement and world peace. accepted on a permanent basis. CHRISTOPHER EMMET, the six-color psychedelic bumber strips; In the light of this doctrine, which is a Chairman, American Friends of the "Smoke--Choke--Croak." The 60 smoke justification for aggressive imperialism, the Captive Nations. out staff members began distributing Soviet Union has in effect placed its own JOZEF LETTRICH, the bumper strips and logo stickers, interests over the inherent right to national Chairman, Assembly of Captive Eu and the demand was so great the sovereignty and fundamental human rights ropean Nations. of the peoples living in the Communist original printing of 10,000 was in orbit. creased to 25,000 bumper strips and This doctrine can have a far-reaching im SMOKE OUT 50,000 logo stickers. Smoke out stickers pact on the future of not only the captive covered binders, bumpers, windshields, European nations, but also of the free world. clothing, and were very much the topic If the doctrine remains unchallenged, it may HON. ROBERT B. (BOB) MATHIAS of conversation all over Bakersfield. turn the United Nations Charter into a OF CALIFORNIA The Associated Press carried the story shambles. As a result of this doctrine, all IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on its "A Wire" and news of the cam Communist parties are expected to follow paign spread throughout the entire automatically the dictates of the Kremlin. Monday, July 14, 1969 The acceptance by the Communist govern country. Television crews came to ments in East-Central Europe of the new Mr. MATHIAS. Mr. Speaker, I would Bakersfield from CBS and NBC affili Soviet doctrine is tantamount to complete like to call to the attention of the Mem ates to film the Smoke Out staff in ac abdication of the sovereign rights of these bers of this House a project that origi tion. Articles about the unique concept nations. nated in Bakersfield, Calif., and has appeared in Time, 'Teen, Sales Manage The Brezhnev Doctrine is against the vital attracted national and worldwide atten ment, Advertising Age, the San Fran interest of all captive European nations, the cisco Chronicle, Mac/Western Adver Charter of the United Nations, international tion. law and the accepted norms of civilized na At a time when there is much debate tising, and PG&E Progress. An: educa tions. It is therefore deemed essential that over the relationship between smoking tional television station in San Fran the free world oppose the newly enunciated and a number of dreaded diseases, many c:sco, KQED, filmed a program featuring 19472 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 14, 1969 the project coordinaJtor and three of the those who desire independence that they places of leadership attribute their success staff members. have not been forgotten, we must also to their FFA training and learn by doing experiences; and As a result of the publication of a let prove to those who castigate our sys Whereas, FFA has been one of the greatest ter written to Ann Landers by the proj tem that, while it is not perfect, it is deterrents of juvenile delinquency, and ect coordinator, the Smoke Out head moving faster toward the goal of a Whereas, if every American youth could quarters was deluged with over 4,000 let great society than is any other system. be exposed to FFA ideals and influences, our ters from teenagers and adults in every We must also remind our own people Nation's delinquency and crime problems State in the Nation, as well as Mexico, that freedom and independence cannot would be strikingly less, and Canada, Puerto Rico, Germany, Ire be taken for granted. Recent events in Whereas, our government has spent bil Czechoslovakia are proof of this. lions in youth camps, job corps and numer land, and Vietnnam, requesting infor ous other vocational training programs at mation on how to start Smoke Out satel In short, we must continue to do all phenomenal costs per trainee, many o:f lites in their own communities. we can to obtain freedom, equality and which have been admitted as totally un Mr. John Ebell, coordinator of Guid dignity for every citizen of the world, successful; and ance and Testing Services, Kern County for to do otherwise would be to neglect Whereas, none of these programs have schools office, stated in the May, 1969 our responsibility to humanity. even remotely approached the success of issue of the Kern County Guidance FFA which is a nonprofit, nonpolitical and News that: nonsectarian youth development program; and As a result of this Smoke OUt campadgn, Whereas, the world hunger problem, fur I definitely feel that it has succeeded in URGE HEW SECRETARY RESCIND ther compounded by the population ex making smoking an out-thing rather than FFA ACTION plosion, demands more agriculturist at a an in-thing. This does not suggest that no time when they are still moving to the one will smoke anymore at these schools, but urban areas, further complicating the over I feel that there will be a si21able percentage HON. DON FUQUA crowded cities; and of people who will not s:moke as a result OF FLORIDA Whereas, FFA is one of the most effective of this program. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES means of encouraging young men to enter National enthusiasm and interest agriculture at a time when the need is Monday, July 14, 1969 critical and becoming more so each day; and shown in the project by the students in Whereas, former Secretary of Health, Edu volved has been tremendous. They have Mr. FUQUA. M'r. Speaker, the Future cation and Welfare, Wilbur J. Cohen, in a eagerly responded to this challenge "to Farmers of America has been, without policy statement shortly before his departure do their own thing" with the very real question, one of the finest tools for de from his post stated, "The Office of Educa goal of helping to solve one of the largest velopment of character and leadership tion will not provide permanent office space, health problems facing not only teen among the Nation's youth organizations. supplies and services or pay the salaries of agers but the entire population, and It is somewhat mystifying that the student organization staff," and perhaps suggesting a new way to com former Secretary of Health, Education, Whereas, this action will result in a dam and Welfare issued a policy statement aging blow right at the National heartbeat municate through the "generation gap." of the FFA organization previously described Smoke Out is educational, stimulating, shortly before leaving office that the in this resolution; and exciting, and fun. Add 60 teenagers to U.S. Office of Education will not provide Whereas, this policy strikes at an orga a combination like that and the results office space, supplies, and services or pay nization which has documented proof of its had to be spectacular. salaries of student organization staff. success and contributions to America; and This directive will prove to be ex Whereas, it hits at one of the few youth tremely damaging to the FFA and the organizations that teaches its members not work which i·t has carried forth. only how to make a living, but also how to CAPTIVE NATIONS WEEK The Southern Assoc-iation of State De make a life; and Whereas, this policy de-emphasizes a pro partments of Agriculture has passed a gram that should be emphasized and ex HON. ROBERT N. GIAIMO resolution which I insert herewith urging panded more-not less; and that this policy be rescinded by Secretary Whereas, the money saved by this action OF CONNECTICUT Finch. I join in that request, for it was is minute compared to the millions wasted IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES shortsighted, and feel that the new Sec in the many unsuccessful youth programs Monday, July 14, 1969 retary can serve America's youth most of the recent past. effectively by such reconsideration. The Now, therefore, be it resolved, that the Mr. GIAIMO. Mr. Speaker, as we resolution follows: Southern Association of State Departments pause during Captive Nations Week to of Agriculture do hereby urge the Honorable recognize the plight of those trapped be REsoLUTION No. IX Robert Finch, Secretary of Health, Educa hind the Iron Curtain, it would do us Whereas, the Future Farmers of America or tion and Welfare to rescind this policy that well to reflect about the state of the "FFA" as it is commonly oalled has s>ince 1928 adversely affects Future Farmers of America been an integral part of the program of vo and other Vocational Youth Organizations. world in this era of chaos. cational education in agriculture in the pub This is a time of confusion, Mr. Speak lic school system of America; and er, when the voices of the naive and dis Whereas, FFA has served to motivate and enchanted drown out the cries of real vitalize the systematic instruction offered to GEN. LYMAN LEMNITZER anguish from those to whom freedom is students of vocational agriculture, providing but a dream. It is a time when leaders further tr.a.i.ning in agricultture, leadership, of the free world are vilified as war ooopel'latton and citizenship; and Whereas, FFA has been the key force in HON. JOSEPH M. McDADE mongers by their own countrymen, developing character, sportsmanship, thrift, OF PENNSYLVANIA while Ho Chi Minh, Fidel Castro, Mao scholarship and patriotism in the lives of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tse-tung, and others who arbitrarily millions of young men; and deprive millions of people of sovereignty, Whereas, among many other tlHngs, FFA Monday, July 14, 1969 individual freedom and dignity are has enabled its members to learn through Mr. McDADE. Mr. Speaker, last Fri sanctified by those who do not see or actual doing; how to conduct and take part day at 10 o'clock in the morning Presi who do not care to see the truth. in public meetings; to speak in public; to dent Nixon pinned the U.S. Army Dis For a brief time last summer, this din buy and sell cooperatively; to solve their own problems; to finance themselves; and to as tinguished Service Medal, the U.S. Navy ceased. The entire world looked on in sume civic responsibility with confidence and Distinguished Service Medal, and the horror as the Soviet Union reverted to enthusiasm; and U.S. Air Force Distinguished Service Stalinist tactics and showed what "im Whereas, FFA constitutes one of the most Medal on the uniform of Gen. Lyman L. perialist aggression" and "colonialism" efficient agricultural teaching devices ever Lemnitzer. It was the first time in history really mean. Now, however, the confused developed and is 100 percent America/Il in its any man had received these three medals and bitter voices have risen again to ideals and outlooks; and simultaneously. And what a distin condemn democracy and condone com Whereas, documentation, fill1ng count less volumes could be written proving that guished man Gen. Lyman Lemnitzer is. munism. more successful and more responsible citi For 51 years, from the day he first en It is because of this that the observ zens have emerged as a result of their ex tered West Point, General Lemnitzer has ance of Captive Nations Week must serve perience in FFA; and given this Nation his life. He has risen a twofold purpose. While proving to Whereas; many men teaching in high from the rank of second lieutenant to July 14, 1.969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19473 become the highest ranking officer in the duty with troops and service as student and Joint Strategic Survey Committee of the U.S. Army today. He has received awards instructor at Army schools. As a member of Joint Chiefs of Staff. He next became Deputy and decorations not only from his own the Coast Guard Artillery Rifle Team, he Commandant of the National War College, became known as one of the Army's out playing a key part in the establishment of beloved country but from a veritable host standing rifle marksmen, winning the Na that agency as the highest level of joint m111- of foreign nations. tional Team Gold Medal, the First Place Gold tary education. At this time, he also served Now he has come to his time of re Medal in the Ph111ppine Department, and the as head of the U.S. Delegation to the Military tirement and I know that this Congress, Distinguished Marksman's Badge. He com Committee of the Five ·(Brussels Pact) and indeed this whole Nation, say to him, pleted two tours at Fort Mills, Corregidor, Powers in London, helping to pave the way "well done." I am proud that this out Philippine Islands; he was tWice assigned to for the establishment of the North Atlantic standing gentleman and soldier is a na the US M111tary Academy as an instructor Treaty Organizati,on. He assisted in the pres tive of Honesdale in my own congres in the Department of Natural and Experi entation of the NATO Treaty to the Senate mental Philosophy; and following his gradu for ratification. sional district. ation from the Command and General Staff On the strength of his experience as a I wish General Lemnitzer happiness in School in 1936, served 3 years as an instruc Inilitary diplomat, he was next named the his many years of retirement. I know no tor of tactics at the Coast Artillery School, first Director of the Office of M1litary Assist man who deserves it more. Fort Monroe, Virginia. ance under Secretary of Defense James For With your permission, Mr. Speaker, I As a member of the last pre-war class at restal. In this capacity, he played a key role append the entire text of the presenta the Army War College, he began establishing in establishing the Military Assistance Pro tion at the White House last Friday. It a firm reputation as a thorough and imagi gram, which has provided a major element native planner. When the expansion of the of the Free World's mutual security activi was a moving moment in my life and I US Army began in 1941, he was recalled from ties. know it is a moment General Lemnitzer duty with an antiaircraft artillery brigade Returning to duty with troops in 1950, will also never forget. at Camp Stewart, Georgia, to an assignment General Lemnitzer qualified as a parachutist The presentation follows: with the War Plans Division of the War De at the age of 51 years and assumed command PRESENTATION OF THE U.S. .ARMY DISTIN partment General Staff. In this position and of the 11th Airborne Division at Fort Camp GUISHED SERVICE MEDAL (THIRD OAK LEAF during succeeding months with General bell, Kentucky. A year later he went to CLUSTER), THE U.S. NAVY DISTINGUISHED Headquarters, US Army and Headquarters, Korea, commanding the 7th Infantry Divi SERVICE MEDAL, AND THE U.S. Am FORCE Army Ground Forces, he participated in sion in the battles of Heartbreak Ridge, the DISTINGUISHED SERVICE MEDAL TO GEN. LY planning for mob111zation and training of the Punch Bowl, and Mundung-ni Valley, and MAN L. LEMNITZER, U.S. ARMY, AT THE huge wartdme Army and for the projected in the fighting in the Chorwon Valley, win WHITE J;lOUSE, WASHINGTON, D.C., ON FRI landings in North Africa, known as Opera ning the Silver Star for conspicuous gal DAY, JULY 11, 1969, AT 1000 HOURS tion TORCH. lantry. General Lyman L. Lemni tzer distinguished August 1942 found him in England as the in 1952, he was named the Army's Deputy himself by exceptionally meritorious service Commanding General of the 34th Antiair Chief of Staff for Plans and Research. Dur to the United States Government ':l.nd to the craft Artillery Brigade. His intimate famil ing this period, he was the Army's associate North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) iarity with the plans for the forthcoming member of the Kelly Committee to study the in positions of great responsibility as Su North African operation promptly led to his defense of North America against atoinic at preme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR) assignment to General Eisenhower's Allied tack and a member of the Secretary of the from 1 January 1963 to 1 July 1969, and as Force Headquarters. Here, although retain Army's Advisory Committee on Army orga Commander in Chief, United States European ing command of his brigade, he was desig nization. Command (CINCEUR) from 1 November 1962 nated Assistant Chief of Staff for Plans and General Lemnitzer returned to the Far East to 5 May 1969. Operations and charged with directing the in March 1955, assuming command of US Evidencing an unshakable faith in the final, detailed preparations for the landings Army Forces, Far East and the Eighth US principles and objectives upon which NATO and the operations in North Africa. In this Army. Shortly thereafter, General Lemnitzer was founded, General Lemnitzer sacrificed capacity, he accompanied General Mark W. was named Commander in Chief of the the privileges anc: freedom of retirement Clark as second in command of the secret United Nations and Far East Commands and which he had long since merited in order that submarine Inission to contact friendly French Governor of the Ryukyu Islands. In this po he might further serve the Alliance by as officials 3 weeks prior to the landings to sition, he maintained the defensive strength suming the duties of SACE"C::'R/ CINCEUR. smooth the way for Allied invasion forces. For of United Nations forces against any resump Remaining in uniform for an additional six participation in this mission, he was awarded tion of hostilities in Korea, directed the and one-half years, he tirelessly and selflessly the Legion of Merit (Degree of Officer). build-up of the Republic of Korea Armed oont··ibuted to the cause of NATO and thereby After a brief return to England, General Forces and the Japanese Self-Defense Forces, to the security interests of the United States Lemnitzer moved to North Africa as a mem and encouraged improvement of eoonoinic and the Free World. Among his notable con ber of General Eisenhower's staff. In Janu and military stability throughout that area tributions during that period were his per ary 1943, he was assigned as Deputy Chief of of the world. suasive efforts to encourage the member na Staff to General Mark W. Clark in Morocco In July 1957, he assumed duties as Vice tions of Allied Command Europe to produce during the early phases of the organization Chief of Staff, US Army. Among his activities and maintain the forces necessary to make of Fifth Army. Resuming active command of special note during this period were his their deterrent credible and their capability of his brigade in late February 1943, he led influential role in the final decision regard to defend Europe unquestionable; his trans it through the Tunisian Campaign and the ing the relationship between the National lation of strategic guidance from the North early lancing phase of the Sicilian Campaign. Aeronautics and Space Agency and the space Atlantic Council into realistic defensive plans General Lemnitzer's service during the re research facilities of the Army, and his par for the Alliance; his direction and guidance mainder of the war was as US Deputy Chief ticipation as US Military Representative at of the required relocation from France of of Staff and Chief of Staff to General (later the meetings in London and Karachi of the some 100,000 personnel and more than one Field Marshall) Sir Harold Alexander, who Military Committee of the Baghdad Pact million tons of supplies and equipment; the was first the Commander in Chief of the 15th Organization. development of a new $35 million head Army Group and later the Supreme Allied In March 1959, General Lemnitzer was quarters complex to accommodate SHAPE in Commander, Mediterranean. In addition, named to succeed General Maxwell D. Taylor Belgium. General Lemnitzer served as Chief of St.aff to as Chief of Staff, US Army, and assumed his These singularly distinctive accomplish the Commanding General of the US Medi duties in July 1959. He became Chairman ments clearly establish General Lemnitzer as terranean Theater of Operations. Under Sir of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in October 1960 a truly outstanding officer of international Harold Alexander, General Lemnitzer took and served in that position until October status and culminated more than 50 years part in the negotiations with Marshall Ba 1962. of continuous uniformed service with more doglio which led to the capitulation of Italy In January 1963, he became Commander in than 27 years service as a general officer. A and in discussions with Marshall Tito and Chief, United States European Conunand and grateful nation recognizes that General Lem Soviet Marshall Tolbukhin for coordination Supreme Allied Commander, Europe. In this nitzer's long and distinguished career con of final Yugoslav and Russian military oper position of great importance to the Free tinues the finest traditions of the military ations against the German armies in South World, General Lemnitzer provided able service and reflects the highest credit upon ern Europe. In March f945, General Lem leadership for over 6 years to the military himself, the Armed Forces of the United nitzer entered Switzerland in civilian clothes forces of the North Atlantic Treaty Orga States, and the United States of America. to manage disc"l4.ssions with German repre nization. After more than 50 years of m111- sentatives that resulted in the unconditional tary service, he leaves the active ranks. GEN. LYMAN L. LEMNITZER surrender of the German arm,ed forces in Lyman L. Lemnitzer was born in Hones Italy and Southern Austria. In discharging AWARDS AND DECORATIONS dale, Pennsylvania on August 29, 1899. He these responsible and important functions, United States graduated from Honesdale High School in he earned a reputation as an able negotiator Distinguished Service Medal (2d Oak Lea.f June 1917. The folloWing year he entered the and military diplomat. CluSJta-). US M111tary Academy, graduating in 1920. His General Lemnltzer's skill as a planner was Silver Star. assignments from that time until the out used following the war when he was desig Legion of Merit (Degree of Officer). break of World War II alternated between nated as the Senior Army Member of the Legion of Merit. 19474 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 14, 1969 Foreign crystal-clear the importance Nixon was giv Finally in 1950 Mr. Taylor resigned his Honorary Companion of the Most Honor ing to his meeting wtih Pope Paul. All re com.m.i&sion. In 1951, President Truma.n sent able of the Bath (Great Britain). ports indicate that the meeting was cordial, to the Senate General Mark Clark's appoint Honorary Commander of the Most Excel frank and fruitfull. Before departing Pres ment as first U.S. Ambassador to the Vatican. lent Order of the British Empire (Great ident Nixon said, "What the world needs to Opposition was so vocal that General Clark Britain). day is the spiritual and moral leadership withdrew his name and the matter was Cavalier of the Gre!llt Cross, Royal Crown which Your Holiness has stood for, stood for dropped. Although there have been count of Italy (Italy). here in the Vatican and in your arduous less speculations, no further aciton was ap Medalha. de Guerra (Brazil). travels to other nations in the world." parently taken on a representative, as an Grand Star of Military Merit (Chile) . It is precisely the changing world situa ambassador, under Presidents Eisenhower, Gold Cross of Merit with Sword (Poland). tion and the role of the Pontiff in relation to Kennedy and Johnson. Now, once again, Legion of Honor, Degree of Officer (France). "other nations of the world" which has in there is speculation on the possibility of Croix de Guerre, with Palm (France). fluenced the nature of the United States formal or informal U.S.-Vatican diplomatic Royal Order of the White Eagle, Class II relationship with the Holy See. relations. (YugosLavia). For about twenty years or so before the The situation ha.s changed since the Roose Medal for Military Merit, 1st Class (Czecho seizure of the Papal States by the Italian velt-Truman era. Pope John XXIII left his slovakia). nationalists in 1870, the United States had mark upon the papacy, breaking down bar Order of Melnik (Ethiopia). an official Minister to the Holy See. Then riers, and forcing many to re-evaluate their Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising after temporal power was restored to the positiolliS toward the Vatican. During J_ohn's Sun (Japan). Holy See by the Lateran Treaty in 1929, when reign, the Holy See took some of its greatest Order of Military Merit Taeguk (Korea). the State of Vatican City came into being, ecumenical steps; some even toward the Order of M111tary Merit Taeguk with Gold the United States did not see any need for atheistic world. These gestures toward con Star (Korea). establishing official diplomatic relations. versation with the Soviets shocked many, in Grand Officer of the Order of Boyaca Most of the business of their relationship cluding the State Department which had (Colombia) . was handled through a third secretary of the safely tucked away Vatican policy in the MOSJt Exalted Order of the White Elephant American Embassy to the Italian govern "against Communism" slot on the Cold War (Thailand) . ment. bal·ance sheet. Military Order of Merit (Italy). This was annoying to Vatican officials, who Re-evaluation by United States policy were preoccupied with the statehood of makers of Vatican views began while Presi Vatican City and sought means to dramatize dent Kennedy was in office. Although Ken and underline their independence and nedy did pay a courtesy visit to Pope Paul, sovereignty. he carefully avoided the development of any BACKGROUND TO UNITED STATES In 1936 Cardinal Secretary of State Eugenio warm relationship. VATICAN RELATIONS Pacelli-who would be the future Pope Pius The position of the Catholic Church and XII-was received at Hyde Park by President its papacy changed rapidly during Pope Franklin D. Roosevelt. Although there are no John's reign, as did the world situation. In HON. ROGERS C. B. MORTON official reports on this meeting, some diplo the early 1960's independence swept through OF MARYLAND matic correspondents reported in the Euro the African continent. On the Asian con IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pean press that President Roosevelt had dis tinent Communist China became a nuclear missed a suggestion for the etablishment of power, adding new dimensions of importance Monday, July 14, 1969 diplomatic relations. He was reported to say to the nations surrounding this great giant. Mr. MORTON. Mr. Speaker, the fol that the Vatican State was an "honorable While the world was unde·rgolng political lowing article on United States-Vatican fiction." transforffi:ajtfon Pope John was carefully diplomacy is both relevant and vital. At A few years later, President Roosevelt had le!liding the Catholic Church tow:a.rd its re this point I insert the article, which ap changed his mind. On Christmas Eve 1939, newal. Vra.tioan Council II, which Pope John he announced the appointment of Myron C. initiated, dramatically enhallJCed the position peared in the June 1969 edition of the Taylor to be his personal representative to of the Holy See throughout the world, partic Catholic World: Pope Pius XII with the rank of ambassador. ularly in the African and Asian countries. BACKGROUND TO UNITED STATES-VATICAN RE The United States was in the midst of a war, Now, most leaders of the Third World are LATIONS and this action was considered a vital war anxious to visit the Vatican and to establish (By Thomas Patrick Melady) measure. formal rel&tiolliS with the Holy See. In early 1967 twenty-three Afro-As·ian states were (Dr. Meloady, Professor of Asian Studies, The Jesuit Father Robert A. Graham, author of Vatican Diplomacy, maintains that represented M; the Holy See; twenty-two, by Seton Hall University, is an author and con heads of the Diplomatic Missions and one, sultant on international affairs. He is a fre it was a "political necessity." "That it was such a necessity is not due to the willfulness by a Minister. In most of these countries quent participant in international confer Catholics represent only a small minori•ty of ences.) of the Pope or the President. It springs from the nature of things and the scope of u.s. the total population. Therefore, there is no President Richard Nixon's visit to the Vati religious basis for an exchange of diplomatic can followed an established procedure among foreign policy. The problem is, first to recog nize the extent of this necessity, and then relations. The primary reason for these d1p American Chief Executives. Presidents El.s lom81tic relaitionsh1ps is a coincidence of enhow and President Kennedy paid courtesy to determine by what means such a necessity can be adjusted to the general pattern of moml interests between the two parties. calls on the Pontiff during their visits to For ex·ample, the leaders of the Third Italy. Pope Paul VI saw President Johnson Church-State relations obtaining in the country." World-{}hristtan, Moslem and others-have during his visit to the United Nations, and noted the unique position of the Holy See later President Johnson made an almost im Myron Taylor did not reside in Vatican promptu call on Pope Paul during the Christ City, but made periodic trips to Rome. How during the lS~tter part of the colonial period. mas season of 1967. ever, his special assistant, Harold Tittmann, They saw in i·t a source of support unJI.m At that meeting there was a great deal remained in the territory of the Vatican peaohlable in its credenti.als both to the of irritation on both sides due to the vary State with diplomatic status from December metropolitan governments and to the centers ing viewpoints on the bombing of North 1941 to 1944. In December of 1941, Sumner of power on which they relied. A most signifi Vietnam. President Johnson was especially Welles had written a memorandum to Presi cant example is that of Archbishop Leon annoyed at Pope Paul's increased public dent Roosevelt in which he stated that the Etienne Duval of Algiers. Boldly, fearlessly, criticism of United states handling of the Italian government might raise strong ob he advocated in 1955, scarcely a year after war in Vietnam. Furthermore, Vatican of jection to the continued residence of Mr. the outbreak of the bitter Algerian wa.r of ficials were disturbed by the lack of cour Tittmann in Vatican City unless he received independence, a "just a.nd progressive politi tesy on the part of President Johnson who some official diplomatic status. Since it was o81l freed.om for all Algerians." For the time, requested a meeting with the Pope at such of "very great importance" that Tittmann this statement openly defined and chal short notice during one of the Pontiff's busi remain, he recommended that Tittmann be lenged French hegemony. With France an est periods. designated charg~ d'affaires. The President noyed but wi·th the Vatican approving, Duval Aware of the somewhat strained relation then authorized -the appointment. Conse stood his ground and became a thorn in the ship between the United States and the Vat quently the Vatican maintained that this side of the status quo supporters, even when ican, President Nixon took extra pains in appointment had constituted official diplo his life was threatened. Vatican approval of preparing his meeting with the Holy Father. matic relations with the U.S. 'B.lld further his stand can be implied from his being made So a.s not to interrupt a week-long Lenten more these relations had never been ofiicia.lly ca.r
The personal income figure is based on Q. What do you see ahead-a pretty close that wm give man new efficienci.es in re Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that match? source ut111zation and new capabil1ties to direct personal income runs about 30 per A. A lot depentls on the national w1lls. Both combat air and wa,ter pollution. cent of gross outlay. To account also for in of us have the technology and resources to It 1:s this abil1ty to completely cover the direct personal income, Dr. Swanson applied, make rapid progress in space. We've both put earth and all of its changing activities, look after extensive research, a factor of 2.5 to together the teams and we have the equip ing inward from space, that brings us the direct personal income. The result is total ment; we have the institutions and facilities real new capability. personal income. The Treasury Department that will allow us, if we choose, to make sub Q. Do you mean there is more pra,ctical estimates that roughly 20 per cent of total stantial progress in the 1970s and 1980s. The value to this near-earth exploration tha,n personal incomes goes into federal taxes. question is one of national imagination, na there is to landing on the moon and even tional daring, national will. tually setting up small stations there? The Soviet Union has placed great stress A. That's true only in a short-range sense. on progress in space as being an externally If you go back to the 1930s, I'm sure it was visible demonstration of their socialist soci much more practical to work on reciprocat AS SPACEMEN LOOK BEYOND THE ety's progress. It must be a very difficult ing engines or gunpowder than it was to work MOON thing for them to witness us proceeding out on jet engines or nuclear energy. It is cer to the moon to establish a "first" there. It is tainly true that in the near-earth area at an achievement they would very much like the present time there is more practical, im HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE to have accomplished first. mediate economic payoff. But I thil.nk history OF TEXAS I believe the Russians will continue to put teaches us that, in the long run, the explora IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES great stress on space and will move ahead tion of completely new territory-the open steadily. For our part, there's always the dan ing up of new transportation systems that Monday, July 14, 1969 ger that we may feel that we can relax now take us places where men have never been Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, having attained the lunar goal-and perhaps before-has always had immense long-range slack off. If that were the case and if we were benefits to mankind. in a recent interview with Dr. Thomas not to start new programs now, I think the Columbus, of course, was motivated by the 0. Paine, Administrator of the National situation might well reverse and the SOviets quest for pearls, for spices, for silver and Aeronautics and Space Administration, might once again develop superior technolog gold. The Spaniards came in great galleons to the editors of U.S. News & World Re ical capabilities in space. extract immediate wealth from the New port asked a number of searching ques Q. What has happened to your budget in World. In the short range, gold and silver tions as to the future of our national the last two or three years? were indeed the values which drove them. space effort. Because of its significance, I A. We have in the past four years substan In the long range, of course, the large tially reduced the American space budget. amounts of gold taken out of North and am including excerpts of this interview Partly this has been because of the comple South America. proved inflnitesdmal com in the RECORD: tion of the mighty installations at the Mis pared with the great value represented by AS SPACEMEN LOOK BEYOND THE MOON sissippi Test Fac111ty, at Cape Kennedy, at the new society which was erected here-a TEN TRIPS TO THE MOON our Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston society which revolutionized the world and and at our Goddard Center in Maryland. Q. As a practical matter, do you have a is now opening the way to other new worlds. program laid out for further landings on the Partly, also, we have been forced to reduce Q. Pictures brought back from the moon moon, and possibly setting up a colony there? our effort in space because of the many other show no evidence of any real mineral A. We now plan to make a total of 10 trips competing national demands. From a peak wealth-any gold. What do you expect to work force of 420,000 Americans, we will be find? to the moon--counting the Apollo 11 if that's successful-with the equipment that's al down to only 190,000 by year-end. A. I don't think the pictures we've brought ready coming down the production lines. At the present time, we've leveled out at a back so far tell us anything at all about As for when we could first colonize the budget level of just under 4 billion dollars a mineral wealth-gold, uranium, diamonds, moon, I think "colonize" is perhaps too grand year. As we go into the 1971-72 period, we water-or whatever else may be there. It's a word: It would initially involve only a are developing within the new Nixon Admin just too early to say what we're going to find, small base for scientists like the first small istration budget levels that we feel will, first in what conditions the materials that we find bases in the Antarctic. In any case, I would of all, keep America moving ahead in space will be, whether they wm lend themselves to and, second, wm be consistent with all of the extraction and use on the moon or earth, and guess that wouldn't come until the end of other competing demands within our society. the 1970s. whether there will be any economic benefits Q. Dr. Paine, leaving the idea of a race SPACE-STATION PLANS in that sense. aside, where do you think the U.S. leads in Q. How big will the first near-earth sta Q. Are there scientists who think that there space now, and where does Russia lead? Can tion be? might be some surprises on the moon? you make a comparison? A. It will be a pretty big interior to float A. I think there are very few scientists who A. From the standpoint of "firsts," of around in. We're using the upper stage of a don't expect major surprises in store for us course, the Soviet Union had a long string of Saturn V rocket-the so-called S IV-B third there. Man has never set foot in suoh a place them, most of which go back to the earlier stage. It's about 21 feet in diameter and before. 1960s. about 58 feet long, so there is plenty of room The United States now has the capab111ty for men to float around inside and to try to operate in space and to carry out almost living and working within and around a PUBLIC RELATIONS AND MOON any operation which the Soviets can carry container in space. out today, except that we still haven't soft Q. What practical value do you see in the LAUNCH landed packages of instruments on the near-earth program-better weather fore planets. casting, or maybe a new method of crop The Soviets have, on two separate occasions control? HON. DON EDWARDS landed instruments down through the at A. Both of those and a good many more. OF CALIFORNIA mosphere of Venus-not all the way to the The space station is really an artificial moon, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES surface, but down through most of the but instead of being 240,000 miles away, it's atmosphere. a very convenient, small artificial moon that Monday, July 14, 1969 On the other hand, in our planetary fly we can put just a couple of hundred miles bys, we've been able to obtain very sophis away. Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. ticated electronic information and transmit It's a place from which we oan look out Speaker, a genuine adventure of man, it back to earth-particularly TV photo ward into the farthest reaches of the his first effort to walk on the moon, has graphs of Mars. Right now we have two new univense without the earth's obscuring at been turned into a Roman circus. Each TV probes approaching Mars. So I think in mosphere. It's a pl,ace in which we can ex Member of Congress has been invited the electronic-sensing end we have a slight periment with weightlessness and with a to the launch with the privilege of tak lead; in the ab111ty to soft-land, perhaps very high, hard vacuum. It's a place where ing a guest. Hundreds of diplomats they do. physicists can study particles with energies In manned space flight, we've moved out many thousand times higher than in the have been invited. Hundreds of others in front. I think our Apollo system is sub largest particle acceleT"ators down on eart·h. also will have their way paid to witness stantially ahead of current Soviet capab111ty, It's als:o a pLace from which we oan look this spootacle. particularly when you take "Snoopy" into down onto the entire globe. We can study Let there be no mistake. This launch account--our flight-proven lunar-landing weather phenomena like tornadoes from up and the adventure it begins can be one device. above. We can study all of the world's oceans of man's great accomplishments. All of At the same time, when it comes to the from a platform which continuously pa.sses our prayers will go with the astronauts. I ability to put very large payloads in orbit, to above them. We can study the world's forests, rendezvous and dock, the Soviets have dem the world's agriculture, the world's mineral am not attacking the effort, I am at onstrated nearly the same kind of capa resources, the world's water supplies. We can tacking the fact that public relations bility that we have. We have the lead in study the geology of the continents on a men have cheapened it by the use of space applications-weather, communica global scale. These data from space can be Madison Avenue techniques, when no tions, navigation, and geodetic satellites. analyzed in comprehensive computer models sueh techiques are needed. 19478 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 14, 1969 Even sadder is the waste of money of the Congress and the nation of the plight port for research and related activities in on these public relations gimmicks when of the physically and mentally handicapped the area of education of children with learn funds are being cut back for desperately child. Programs in some instances now exist ing disabilities. We must use this research needed programs of education, pollution both in the public and private sector which as the basis for programs of professional ad are designed to assist these children in lead vanced training for people who are preparing control, health, and food. Our people ing as normal lives as possible. to teach these children, and we must develop do not need spectaculars of this sort, Given this foot, we also realize only too model centers for the evaluation and educa they need concrete programs to meet well that America is statistically oriented tion of our children. These centers will in their needs. I have been unable to find and those children who have identifiable turn assist our state and local educational out the cost of the public relations trap physical and mental handicaps can be found, agencies in making more programs available pings of this space launch, but as an categorized and sometimes helped. It is be to children with learning disabilities. example I believe that cost would fund cause of this situation that the Children Mr. Chairman, I support all the activities a badly needed program in my district With Learning DisabUities Act is so neces which we have undertaken to help handi sary. The programs which this legislation capped children. The Children With Learn which has been destroyed by lack of would authorize to aid the child who appears ing Disabilities Act will enable us to help funds. A nursing school, serving many normal in every way both physically and those children who have special handicaps poor and minority students, asked for mentally, but who ha.s some special learning which are not medically discernible but $188,000 in loan funds this year. It may problems Which prevent him from fully which nonetheless are at the same- time seri receive as little as $15,100. I would sug grasping the learning process, are essential ous. You and the other Members of the gest the money spent on Congressmen if we are ever to stop classifying these chil· Subcommittee may ask how many children and their guests at the launch be turned dren as stubborn or lazy. A child who cannot this bill will help. I only wish I could give recognize and understand written informa you a concrete answer. But, I cannot. As over to those students nurses. The Con tion presented to him but who can under stated in the first annual report of the Na gressmen can watch the launch on tele stand the same informaMon when it is pre tional Advisory Committee on Handicapped vision. The nursing students cannot sented to him omlly is not slow or stubborn. Children, "The total number of children in learn their profession on television. He has a learning disability. volved cannot be accurately determined until We have made a basic mistake when One of the major reasons why I sponsored more adequate diagnostic procedures and we tum what we all hope will be triumph the Children With Learning Disabilities Act criteria have been developed." This is what for all mankind into a cheap show. The is because the defini·tion of "handicapped" the Children With Learning Disabilities Act landing on the moon has a meaning for which we have been using is not accurate. will do. Through enactment of this bill we This definition speaks only of medically de can help to open the doors of educational all of us. It does not need these public terminable handicaps, but says nothing of achievement for at least 500,000 and perhaps relations tricks. the psychological and educational handicaps 1 'h million school children whose special that a child might have while to all medical learning disabilities have gone largely uncor appearances he is normal. rected because they have not been diagnosed. The children who will be helped by enac·t I appreciate the opportunity to have appeared THE NEED FOR PASSAGE OF THE ment of the Children With Learning Disabil before you today and expressed my views on CHILDREN WITH LEARNING DIS ities Act are those whose parents and teach this bill. I hope the Subcommittee will agree ABILITIES ACT ers have become frustrated in their attemp·ts with me and act favorably on this legislation. to teach them because the child's problem either was not diagnosed or was misdiag HON. JOSHUA EILBERG nosed. This failure to identify the child's OF PENNSYLVANIA handicap in educational or psychological THE SENIOR AMERICANS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES terms has led to these children developing greater and greater problems in learning, in Monday, July 14, 1969 emotional adjudgment, and it even has af HON. JOHN BRADEMAS Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, last week fected their later vocational placement. OF INDIANA The programs which this bill would au the Subcommittee on Special Education IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the House Education and Labor Com thorize are not.; designed only to serve chtl dren in the poverty areas of the nation. The Monday, July 14, 1969 mittee conducted hearings on the Chil assistance which this bill will make possible dren With Learning Disabilities Act. As will be available not on the basis of the Mr. BRADEMAS. Mr. Speaker, the a sponsor of this bill, I am well aware of average annual income in a given area but House took significant action on behalf the tremendous studies we have made in on where the problems are. I do not want of our 19 million older Americans on identifying handicapped children and to be misunderstood. I have supported pro June 16 when it passed H.R. 11235, the helping them. However, the children grams which are designed to help our dis Older Americans Act Amendments of who would be helped by enactment of advantaged citizens. I have sponsored legislation in their behalf and I will continue 1969. I am pleased to report that on July the Children With Learning Disabilities to do so. But, I really do believe thwt too 11, the Senate Committee on Labor and Act are not now being helped. The many of our educational programs have Public Welfare unanimously voted to reason for this is because our current been overly directed to reaching the poor order reported H.R. 11235. definition of the term "handicapped" is per se rather than reaching out to solve Prompt action on this legislation is not accurate. To provide information to problems where they exist regardless of the most essenti'al in order to authorize ap my colleagues on the purpose of the bill, economic condition of the persons in the propriations for the grant programs of I would like to insert in the RECORD at area affected. the Older Americans Act for the fiscal this point the testimony which I gave The programs which would be supported by the Children With Learning Disabilities ye~r which has just begun. These grant before the committee on July 9: Act will place the emphasis of helping these programs-for community projects, re STATEMENT OF HoN. JOSHUA ElLBERG youngsters with learning disabiLities where search and development, and training Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Chairman and Members it belongs-not on fancy diagnostic labels, have many solid accomplishments to of the Subcommittee, it is a pleasure for but on an analysis of the learning task and their credit. Each is contributing to mak me to appear before you today to testify on on the developments of special teaching ing possible a better life for older peo the Children With Learning Disabilities Act. methods and techniques as well as materials ple. Clearly, extension of the programs I believe all of us have known despair. But which can be used to find the learning dis by new funding authorizations is war the agony and despair of the parent who abLUties of the child, employ them and work has a handicapped child is something which around specific barriers to learning that he ranted. we can never truly grasp in its fullest un might have. In addition to continuing the programs less we have experienced the phenomenon Coming to terms with these children in already begun under the Older Ameri ourselves. Unless we have experienced the designing educational programs is going to cans Act, these amendments contain im situation where the child reaches out for help us learn more about education for every portant provisions for strengthening of help and we are powerless to assist we can child. It is going to help us realize that chil State agencies on aging and for estab not appreciate what it really means to be dren have individual learning styles and lishing a national older Americans vol the parent of a handicapped child. I be characteristics, and that we are going to unteer program. lieve that, despite the growing sophistica have to pay more then lipservlce to these tion of our culture an~ our clvilization, the individual differences. Educators should be Under H.R. 11235, the Stv.te agencies handicapped child too often remains in the able, and wlll be able through the assistance on aging would be strengthened by es backwaters of our concern. Parents and provided in this bill, to design special, in tablishing new State plan requirements teachers turn for help only to find the help dividualized approaches to the learning tasks for statewide planning, coordination and that is offered is inadequate. which face children. evaluation and by providing additional In recent yea.rs, we all know that there We can make this possible by providing resources to carry out these activities. has been a growing awareness on the part support for carrying out a program of sup- Hopefully, the additional resources pro- July 14, 196.9 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19479 vided by the amendments will enable the The answer, or at least the political an But Dr. George W. Irving, administrator of State agencies to provide leadership in swer, is l,ack of funds. Yet in recruiting the the Agricultural Research Service, says the elderly for community projects, massive department has found nothing to warrant the analysis of existing programs serv funds are not necessarily needed. For ex canceling the registration of DDT for inter ing older persons; identify gaps and ample, the House Education and Labor Com state shipment under current regulations. weaknesses in services; develop plans to mittee .adopted the Retired Senlior Volunteer "To do that, we would have to find that link existing services and fill gaps in Program (called RSVP) which requires only DDT is either ineffective or unsafe," Dr. service so as to achieve coordinated, com $5 million-money thwt will be returned Irving said in an interview. "We have no prehensive services throughout the State; many times over in services rende·red by the evidence that it is either." and persuade public and private agen elderly, The Senate Labor and Public Welfare cies to cooperate in implementation of Committee will shortly conslider new amend the plans. ments to the Older Americans Act, and will The national older Americans volun likely see the need f·or an authorization fig FEDERAL AID TO MUSIC: DISPENS teer program authorized by this legisla ure equal to the House's $62 miUion. It is ING SEED MONEY tion consists of two parts-a retired not too late for the Administration to go senior volunteer program and the foster beyond its $28.3 million sum and begin rec grandparent program. ognizing that 19 mill1on olde«" Americans HON. JULIA BUTLER HANSEN have not just rights and needs to be met, The new retired senior volunteer pro but contributions of talent and wisdom to OF WASHINGTON gram will provide opportunities for many IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES healthy, energetic older persons to per be made. form volunteer services in areas of pub Monday, July 14, 1969 lic service needs, with reimbursement for DANGER OF DDT USE HELD Mrs. HANSEN of Washington. Mr. out-of-pocket expenses. It offers a ma UNDETERMINED Speaker, Congress can be proud of many jor opportunity for the Nation to gam of it.s programs. In the Sunday, July 13, from the talented services which older HON. DAVID R. OBEY 1969, edition of the Washington Star, people can perform. the success and impact of the National The foster grandparent component of OF WISCONSIN Endowment for the Arts is reported. The H.R. 11235 establishes on a permanent IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES writer was Walter F. Anderson, recently basis under the Older Americans Act · Monday, July 14, 1969 named director of music programs for a program which the Administration on Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, many of us the endowment and professor of music Aging has been operating in cooperation who are concerned about the use of per at Antioch College. The newspaper with the Office of Economic Opportunity. sistent pesticides and their effects on pointed out that final approval of grants Through the foster grandparent pro our environment were gratified last week rests with the 26 members of the Na gram, low-income older persons provide when the Department of Agriculture sus tional Council on the Arts and that last personal relationships to emotionally de pended for 30 days the use of DDT and year's music grants exceeded $1.1 mil prived children. This program satisfies eight other persistent pesticides. lion in funds appropriated largely by the need of retired older persons for When announcing the 30-day suspen Congress. meaningful activities, provides badly sion the Department quoted a National Dr. Anderson's report on the impact needed social services, and supplements Academy of Sciences-National Research of this spending follows: the income of low-income older persons. Council report which recommended, FEDERAL Am TO MUSIC: DISPENSING "SEED" On July 8, the Washington Post high "that further and more effective steps be MONEY lighted the importance of these amend taken to reduce the needless or inadvert (By Walter F. Anderson) ments in an editorial on "The Senior ent release of persistent pesticides into The record of National Endowment for the Americans" which I include in the the environment." Arts support of music reveals a great variety RECORD: of activity throughout the country. Its early THE SENIOR AMERICANS My pleasure over the Department's ac awards have been termed seeding grants In a country where youth, sex, speed and tion was certainly eroded when I read in partly because they usually have been small beauty are glorified almost to the point of this morning's New York Times that an in the number of dollars awarded but have liturgy, it is small wonder that 19 million official of the U.S. Department of Agri been sufficient to get worthy programs older people are often kept out of sight and culture has said there is no evidence that started on the assumption that the initi out of touch. A small wonder but a large DDT is unsafe, even though it has been ators of them would find means of contin disgrace. temporarily banned by his agency. uing into the future. Roughly, these fall into The Older Americans Act of 1965, and its I believe there is ample evidence that seven categories: l-ater amendments, was an attempt at meet DDT is unsafe to birds, fish, and wildlife, 1. Assistance to the individual performing ing the rights and needs of the elde,rly, 40 artist. The Endowment has taken a. special per cent of whom are poor or near-poor. As and there are increasing signs that it is interest in young artists, in the recognition f'ar as they went, programs generated by the unsafe to human life as well. that beyond formal training, in order to pass Act were effective: over 1000 community Senator GAYLORD NELSON and several successfully through the necessary steps be projects were funded through the Title III other Members of the House and Senate fore the performer can emerge as an estab programs, serving over 660,000 older persons have placed articles in the CoNGRESSIONAL lished artist, the young artist must be given in such things as home health aide services RECORD almost daily which show that the the opportunity to perform. Consequently to paid part-time jobs. Nevertheless, in FY use of DDT is very harmful to our en the Endowment has supported ventures like 1969, only $1.10 was spent per senior citizen, Affiliated Artists, an enterprise whioh enables with $1.41 the appropriation for this year. vironment. Unfortunately, these studies the young artist to :Oave 11m1ted periods, up In mid-June, the House, led by John have evidently escaped the notice of to a total of eight weeks during the school Brademas and Ogden Reid, approved an au the Department of Agriculture. year, for performances and related profes thorization of $62 million for FY '70. Despite The protection of our environment is sional activity in residence on the campus this, the Nixon Administmtion appears de a matter which is of major concern to of a college or university. termined to stand firm with its niggardly many Congressmen, and the continued Unlike the usual resident arrangement, $28.3 million budget request for the pro use of DDT is an important question this program removes the ar.tist from the gram's continuation. It is tempting for which affects that environment. For this teaching of regular courses and other rou politicians to feel that they can get away reason, I include the following article in tine assignments which often in the past with short-changing the old: many are too have saddled him with tasks that reduced worn or weak to fight back; they have no the RECORD: the opportunity to perform. lobby to speak of and less prospect of an DANGER OF DDT USE HELD UNDETERMINED Similarly, through assistance to groups like opportunity for future political reprisal. WASHINGTON.-The Department of Agri Jeunesses Musicales and Young Artists Over But the Nation needs the elderly. The culture says it has no evidence that DDT seas, the Endowment is able to extend the Foster Grandparents program alone has used is unsaf,e even though the department has young artist's exposure from a. regional to an the talents and energy of 4000 older people temporarily banned the use of the pesticide international level. who, on a small stipend, are m'atched on a in i·ts own operations. 2. Assistance to the composer. In some in personal basis of service with 8000 orphaned Senator Gaylord Nelson, Democrat of Wis stances, the Endowment's Advisory Music and disturbed children. If this simple idea consin, charged earlier this week that the Panel has introduced new programs. For ex of matching the leisure time of the old with department was unwilling to end all use of ample, 63 individual composers received up the special needs of the very young has the chemical permanently because "the De to $2,000 to enable them to have their scores worked for 4000 old people why can't it be partment of Agriculture is locked in with copied, while 44 orchestras similarly received done with 40,000 or 400,000? the agricultural interests who use DDT." grants on a. matching basis to permit them 19480 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 14, 1969 to commission new works and to prepare the country to try out the Kodaly method part of the Endowment to create a broad them for performance. with the use of American folk materials. ferment of activity in fostering positive at At other times the Endowment has re An interesting audience building research titudes throughout the country toward the sponded to the needs of established programs program has been initiated at the Meadow enjoyment and support of music, and some considered to be deserving of assistance. The brook Festival by Oakland University. The of these program concepts should be re Bennington Composers' Conference, with aid experimental group consists of four separate tained, particularly those which engage the from the Endowment, has been able to main panels of 200 couples each selected from dif earnest concern of an expanding lay public tain an expanded program in which works ferent social, economic and · educational of consumers. But the Endowment must not of young composers are rehearsed, taped and backgrounds. be satisfied to increase audiences for music; discussed. Those of particular merit may be One of the more productive programs has its ideal goal in this regard should be the performed. Aid to the Southeast Composers' been the organiza-tion of new community mu creation of a generation of informed listen Forum at the University of Alabama, on the sic schools around the country under the ers. other hand, has enabled this project to hire sponsorship of the National Guild of Com Third, while the Endowment should con additional professional performers in a pro munity Music Schools. A basic aim is to tinue to "seed" new proposals considered to gram that has presented over 300 works by bring the public school music teacher into be of merit, I personally would favor the es 100 composers in the southeastern states. cooperative plans and programs with profes tablishment of a series of "sprouting" grants 3. Assistance to performing organizations. sional musicians from the community acting in order to encourage the growth of truly Awards of greater magnitude have been made as teacher aids. distinguished programs to the point where to large performing organizations, such as 6. The dissemination of information. One their survival will not be in question. opera companies and symphony orchestras. of the Endowment's most unique and suc Fourth, in the interest of good balance, I Although major grants have been made to cessful programs is the publication of the would urge the development of intelligent several of the country's leading opera-produc American Musical Digest by the Music Critics amateur interest. Equally important, I feel, ing organizations, both the Panel and the Association under contract to the Endow is the development of techniques whereby National Council on the Arts agree that, ment. Fo:r the first time there is a thoroughly the child from the earliest ages would be pending the appropriation of sumcient funds, professional magazine devoted to the ab come excited about participating in music far greater assistance in the future must be straction, review, reprint and digest of ar making. given to the ranking regional opera companies ticles and programs devoted to works by Fifth, it is my strong view that the En and some means devised whereby symphony American composers and performances by dowment, as a governmental agency, in what orchestras will be able to surmount threat American artists. The coverage is worldwide, ever it does should never be in a position of ening, spiraling deficits if these organizations and there has been exceptional and imme control where music or any of the other arts are to survive. diate response to a pre-publication issue is concerned. Rather it should provide a The Council has authorized, as a pilot published last April in the form of subscrip catalytic function in stimulating growth of effort, awards up to $50,000 each to the five tions and favorable criticism throughout the the art. While its judgments should be se major orchestras submitting the best pro lective, particularly in the grave responsi country. The first issue of the magazine is bility of expending dollars provided by tax posals for innovative activity that would have scheduled to appear around October 1. long-range effect in stabilizing and improving 7. International education and exchange. ation, the Endowment should strive to re their operations and enhancing their future. For the first time groups in this country spond to the needs of music through the seri Within the next few weeks announcement which are a part of international music orga ous consideration of all requests that come will be forthcoming on the selection of win to its attention and by the appointment of nizations have been able to have govern· artistically qualified and responsible agen ning organizations. mental support. For example, the National cies to supervise and carry out its programs. Nine opera organizations have had large Music Camp at Interlochen with assistance Since the needs are so great and the funds size grants from the Endowment. The awards from the Endowment was able to host in available so limited, I hope that alternate have assisted them in various ways. Some the U.s., for the first time, the conference formulas of assistance, in which private, cor have used their governmental support for the of the International Society for Music Edu porate and governmental patronage would apprentice training of young opera singers cation. The National Music Council, simi be combined in cooperative patterns of sup while others have devoted their grants to set larly assisted, was host for the 6th Interna port, might be developed particularly to as ting up tours of regions where there is no tional Music Council meeting in the U.S. for sist major performing programs to flourish. opportunity to attend live opera perform the first time. Also, for the first time, the We need our symphony orchestras. We need ances. Although the Endowment does not U.S. National Committee of the Interna them badly. engage in capital support, a large grant went tional Folk Music Council, an organization Although for various reasons audiences toward aiding one company to build new of ethnomusicologists, will, like all other may increase or decrease at a given time, facilities following destruction of the orig national committees, have assistance from the more significant fact to remember in our inal building by fire. its own government. troubled times is that concerts uniquely pro 4. Audience development programs. Espe In one sense, it is easy to view these pro vide the setting in which people are able to cially successful have been the Audience De grams with pride, not only in terms of the transcend their · dissensions and become velopment Projects. Basic support up to balance presented, but in view of the magni united in heart and mind. Consequently, ir $1 ,000 has been granted to all organizations tude of support realized for so many projects respective of all the pressing needs of the which have received aid for audience develop as measured against the amount of support present, I hope, and pray, that support of ment. These awards enable the local manager allocated for the Endowment. the arts will become a high priority in our to schedule new programs by artists who are Looking ahead, one might ponder whether time and that, in turn, a resounding impact well qualified, but not necessarily well known the Endowment should continue to support of aesthetic values will evolve at the heart or good box omce attractions. Such support is them, especially since they must be recon of our society. available only for concerts and beyond those sidered in relation to the staggering number Which normally would have institutional of pleas for aid which come in daily from all sponsorship and support; these particular parts of the country. Recognizing that the awards may be used only to pay artist fees views of the Endowment Music Staff are on a ma.tching basis. subject to the recommendations of the Mu LETTER TO A CONCERNED At the present time there are four cate sic Advisory Panel, the National Council on SCIENTIST gories in which Audience Development Grants the Arts, and the Chairman of the Endow are awarded: Colleges and Universities, ment and the Council, let me dare to go on Museums, Chamber Music Societies and record in certain respects. HON. CRAIG HOSMER Contemporary Music Performing Societies. First, the increasing flow of letters seeking . OF CALIFORNIA Approximately 100 Audience Development urgent support of various musical enterprises IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES awards will be made during 1969-70. threatened in many parts of the country 5. Education. The range of assistance pro by financial crises serves as a grim reminder Monday, July 14, 1969 vided for a variety of educational projects has that the survival of many performing artists Mr. HOSMER. Mr. Speaker, this resulted in significant professional aid and and music-sponsoring organizations is in morning I received a copy of a letter development to a large number of choral and serious question and that, notwithstanding orchestral conductors, ins,trument makers, their plight, the function of grants-in-aid from a scientist knocking the Safeguard and music education scholars. should not be diverted from the seeding of ABM system. I responded as follows: Special educational programs have been creative, innovative projects to the deficit CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, conducted by the American Choral Founda financing of . programs established in the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, tion, the American Symphony Orchestra past. For many programs, uncertainty of sur Washington, D.C., July 14, 1969. League, the National Guild of Community vi val may mercifully lead to realistic assess Dr. JOEL YELLIN, Music Schools and individual institutions. ment of the worth of their continuance. It Theoretical Physics Group, A year's study in Hungary to investigate cannot be expected that the National En Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, the Kodaly method of music education has dowment wlll be able to respond to the ex· Berkeley, CaU.j. just been completed by 10 scholars, who in pressed needs of many individuals and or DEAR DR. YELLIN: Thank you for your the coming year will be supported by the ganizations for important reasons not asso courtesy of sencUng me a copy of your letter omce of Education for a year of orientation ciated with the need for financial support. of July 10 to Senator Stephen Young re and service in selected schools throughout Second, lt was a wise first move on the garding the ABM system. July 14, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF .REMARKS 19481 I believe it is relatively immaterial what tion? "Any President who takes seriously JEWISH AGENCY QUITS OVER you and others believe the reliability of the his oath to 'preserve, protect and defend the BLACK MANIFESTO Safeguard system will be in this respect. Constitution,'" the Department asserts, There are obvious differences in its quality "will no doubt determine that it is not 'un between initial installation and later de reasonable' to utilize electronic surveillance HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK to gather intelligence information concern velopment. However, the important thing is oF omo the degree of effectiveness which is assigned ing those organizations which are com to it by the Soviet Union. If this is sufficient, mitted to the use of illegal methods to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES any possibility of a first strike will be de bring about changes in our form of gov Monday, July 14, 1969 terred. Who knows who will be running the ernment and which may be seeking to fo Soviet Union in the 1970's and how much ment violent disorders." Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, on they will need to be deterred? Of course, the Constitution which any May 13 I placed in the RECORD two arti Obviously, they will have to assign the sys President has taken an oath to "preserve" cles from the Chicago Tribune and New tem some effectiveness and it would be safe specifically forbids unwarranted searches. York Times regarding the questionable to assign it a relatively high effectiveness, And the Supreme Court has plainly said that since they are confident enough in ABM electronic surveillance constitutes a search use of church funds by the Interreligious techniques to spend a considerable amount permissible under the Fourth Amendment Foundation for Community Organiza of rubles on it and also know that Americans only when properly circumscribed and au tion-IFCO. This organization, founded are fairly good weapons makers. This system thorized in advance by a judge. Congress only in 1967, sponsored a National Black seems to me a necessary element of our de last year, wishing to regularize and control Economic Development Conference fense in the 1970's. electronic eavesdropping, stipulated precisely NBEDC-in Detroit in April of this Frankly, I am somewhat out of patience in the Crime Control Act the conditions un year. It was at this conference that with experts of various parts and pieces of der which bugging and wiretapping could military knowhow sounding off unless they be authorized. James Forman, the director of inter are also experts in overall nuclear strategy. Yet the Department of Justice appears to national affairs of the Student Nonvio Very truly yours, be saying that both the Constitution and the lent Coordinating Committee-SNCC CRAIG HosMER, Crime Control Act can be ignored whenever delivered to the conference the "Black Member of Congress. the President thinks that certain groups are Manifesto," which demands from the "committed to the use of illegal methods to white Christian churches and Jewish bring about changes in our form of govern synagogues a sum of $500 million as ment." What could better illustrate the ab surdity of this standard than its applica.tion reparations for the injustices done to OUTSIDE THE LAW in regard to the tatterdemalion crew of New Negroes in the past. SNCC, according Leftists who stirred up disorder in the to FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover in his streets of Chicago. If the President or the latest testimony before a House Appro HON. JOHN D. DINGELL Department of Justice can see a threat to the priations SubconunJ.ttee, "has developed OF MICHIGAN Nation's security in that tawdry, loose-lipped into a full-blown all-Negro revolutionary IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cabal, it can see a threat in anything. organization." And if a supposed threat to national secu Monday, July 14, 1969 rity can justify setting aside tile Constitu In the recent past religious services of tion and the law respecting electronic eaves various denominations have been dis Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, pursuant dropping, why oan it not be used to justify rupted by black militants seeking to se to permission granted I insert into the setting them aside for any other purpose the cure from churches reparations money. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD a particularly President and the Department of Justice may In May, Forman interrupted services at frightening article appearing on the edi deem expedient or convenient in the protec Riverside Church in New York City and torial page of the Washington, D.C., tion of national security? Will they some read the Black Manifesto. A week later Post entitled "OUtside the Law" chron day think it not "unreasonable" to set aside the prohibitions against arbitrary arrest or Forman returned to Riverside Church, icling what appears to be in clear con attended services, and held a press con flict against random physical searches of citizens' between the law and the behavior of homes or a.gainst imprisonment without ference on the church steps after serv the Department of Justice with regard to trial or against suppression of speech deemed ices had ended. According to the New wiretapping. dangerous? What the Department of Justice York Times article of May 12, Rev. Lu If a free nation is to remain free, all has so blandly enunciated is the rationale of cius Walker, executive director of IFCO, of its governmental agencies must re dictatorship. It is the justification of every appeared rut the press conference with spect and obey the law. There is no despot from Caligula to Adolf Hitler. Forman and later confirmed Forman's room in our society for a different kind It has been disclosed recently that the Federal Bureau of Investigation systemati statement that NBEDC had the support of behavior for anyone. cally, over a period of years, tapped tele ofiFCO. The excellent editorial follows: phones in flagrant violation of the law and The May 12 Times article reported that OUTSIDE THE LAW in cases having nothing whatever to do with two of the Riverside Church's officials The Department of Justice has come for national security. It bugged and tapped the described the reparations demands as ward with an appalling paradox: entrusted homes and hotel rooms of the Rev. Dr. Mar "blackmail" and "a plain holdup." with enforcement of the Federal laws, it tin Luther King and of Elijah Muhammed, holds itself to lie outside the ambit of those the Black Muslim leader, for example. It is A later development in the issue was laws; committed to the championship of beside the point if, as the FBI now asserts, reported by the Washington Post of the United states Constitution, it holds the Attorney General, at that time Robert F. July 12 under the title, "Jewish Agency itself to be free from the restraints of that Kennedy, authorized the eavesdropping; no Quits Over Black Manifesto." Rabbi fundamental charter. Expressly, the Depart Attorney General had any authority to do Marc Tanenbaum, an official of the ment declared on Friday that it possesses so. The FBI also bugged and tapped nu American Jewish Committee, stated that legal power-despite a clause of the Con merous persons alleged to be part of that stitution and an Act of Congress to the con undefined group called the "Mafia." This the committee was withdrawing from trary, and without bothering to obtain judi eavesdropping was done in violation of the IFCO, and the "critical factor" in the cial authorization in advance-to carry on Constitution, in violation of the law, in vio withdTawal was the refusal by IFCO "to electronic surveillance of any members of lation of a presidential order and in viola take a clear stand as to where IFCO organizations who, in its opinion, may be tion of repeated assurances by the Director stood on the matter of the ideology of seeking to "attack and subvert the Govern of the FBI that it was not being done. the Black Manifesto with its call to guer ment by unlawful means." J. Edgar Hoover has forfeited the confidence rilla warfare and resort to arms to bring No more pernicious notion has ever been of the American people. He ought to resign propounded by an agency of the United or be removed from office. down the Government." States Government. What this comes down A Federal Bureau of Investigation which It will be interesting to see how many tO is a bald assertion that the Department eavesdrops on citizens is a peril to privacy other religious organizations which spon can take the law into its own hands when and a menace to freedom in any circum sor IFCO will object to the blackmail ever it thinks the national security is threat stances. But a Federal Bureau of Investiga tactics and revolutionary ideology of ened-from within or from without. Last tion which does this in direct defiance of Fonn·an and h1s Black Manifesto. The week, in a Federal District Court in Chicago, Congress is intolerable. Congress, in its wis the Department disclosed that it had em dom, decreed last year that bugging and other members of IFCO are the Ameri ployed wiretapping or bugging devices to tapping could be done under court order. can Baptist Home Mission Society, Board monitor conversations of the antiwar activ For the Department of Justice to assert now of Homeland Ministries of the Church ists who were indicted for inciting riots at that it may bug and tap at its own discre of Christ, Board of Missions of the Meth the Democratic National Convention last tion is to undermine the whole concept of odist Church, Board of National Mis August. What is the Department's justifica- a government of laws. sions of the United Presbyterian Church, 19482 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 14, 1969 General Board of Christian Social Con bank in the Southeast, a "Black University," Msgr. Anthony G. Bosco, diocesan chancel cerns of the Methodist Church, Cath black communications centers, and other ed lor, read the apostolic letter appointing olic Committee for Urban Ministry, Na ucation and economic development programs. Bishop Leonard as the Pittsburgh prelate. The Rabbi Tanenbaum described the American letter had been presented to Archbishop tional Caitholic Conference for Inter Jewish Committee's exit from IFCO as "tak Raimondi. racial Justice, and the Foundation for ing two steps backward while trying to take Opening with a colorful processional of the Voluntary Service. one step forward." hierarchy, priests and religious, the installa As I have observed before, an added The "one giant step forward," he explained, tion ceremony was brief but impressive. burden which our churches can do with is a plan for an all-Jewish organization that From the first notes of the great ca out is the possible alienation of members would bring together the combined financial thedral organ and trumpets in the opening of its congregations due to the use of and leadership resources of 23 national re of Jacques Lemmens' processional, "Marche ligious, communal, philanthropic, social wel Pontificale," to the concluding prayer was a church funds for questionable causes. fare and women's organizations. blending of pagentry and spiritual petition. Surely there are better and more respon He said the contemplated organization, Bishop Leonard, in his sermon, renewed sible channels for aiding the poor than like IFCO, woUld be committed to the eco his pledge to co-operate "in all things that through vehicles such as IFCO. nomic development of the poor. serve the gOOd" of Southwestern Pennsyl I include in the RECORD at this point Rabbi Tanenbaum said there is a "possibil vania. the above-mentioned article from the ity" that the organization he hopes will be Paying tribute to his predecessors and par Washington Post of July 12: formed will "fund through IFCO but not be a ticUlarly to Cardinal Wright, Bishop Leonard member of IFCO." noted that Cardinal Wright had. steered the JEWISH AGENCY QUITS OVER BLACK MANIFESTO "We made it very clear" said the rabbi, diocese "in an ecumenical spirit toward col NEW YoRK.-The American Jewish Com "that there was a great admiration and re laboration with other faiths in meeting the mittee has become the first group to with spect for the achievement of IFCO in such a ills that face our community." draw from membership in the Interreligious short time." "To the continuation of these ecumenical Foundation for Community Organization. Since September, 1967, when it was endeavors," Bishop Leonard said, "I have al Rabbi Marc Tanenbaum said the "critical founded, IFCO has provided $1.5 million for ready pledged myself to the official represent factor" in AJC's pulling out was IFCO's "re community projects. The projects are all in atives of those faiths, many of whom are fusal to take a clear stand as to where IFCO dependent of IFCO, but some of the projects present with us in the sanctuary of this stood on the matter of the ideology of the are represented on the IFCO board of cathedral.'' Black Manifesto with its call to guerrilla directors. warfare and resort to arms to bring down the CAN'T NEGLECT PRINCIPLES government." Touching the church's relation to the IFCO officials termed this a "poor excuse" world community and its social problems, for withdrawal, stating that IFCO does not BISHOP LEONARD VOWS Bishop Leonard said "it must be made clear accept or reject groups on "the basis of ide "COMMUNITY EFFORTS" that we cannot neglect principles nor sub ology." scribe to half truths." The official letter of withdrawal, signed "We must not only desire peace," Bishop by Bertram H. Gold, executive vice president HON. JAMES G. FULTON Leonard told his congregation, "but we must of the American Jewish Committee, and work for peace. Yet we cannot belittle nor dated June 18, stated that another reason for OF PENNSYLVANIA despise true patriotism. the withdrawal arose from the fact that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "We have to redress injustices, yet not violate the essential human liberty of oth the committee "is the only national Jewish Monday, July 14, 1969 agency" which has been a member of IFCO. ers. We must work for the relief of human "While we have been appreciative of the Mr. FULTON of Pennsylvania. Mr. misery at home and abroad without disre opportunity to help develop this interfaith, Speaker, it is a pleasure to insert in the garding law, human or divine. interracial coalition." Gold wrote, "this has CONGRESSIONAL RECORD the article from "We shall always seem to be at ·a disad created a number of problems whoee resolu the Pittsburgh Press, Wednesday, July 2, vantage with those who can see only one set tion we can no longer afford to postpone." of principles at a time. Yet we must play our Pointing out that Rabbi Tanenbaum had 1969, on the installation of Bishop part even to a greater degree in trying to tried unsuccessfully to get other national Vincent Leonard as prelate of the Pitts make this temporary world a better place in Jewish groups with inner-city problems to burgh Catholic Diocese, which took place which to live." join IFCO, Gold said the committee "cannot at St. Paul's Catholic Cathedral on that The sermon was delivered during the con continue to give the impression that it rep date. Bishop Leonard is an outstanding celebrated mass whioh followed the installa resents the entire Jewish community in the religious and civic leader of Pittsburgh tion. work of IFCO." and Western Pennsylvania, and highly OTHERS ASSIST The American Jewish Committee was one respected by all nationalities and faiths. Concelebrants were Archbishop Raimondi; of the 10 founding members of IFCO when Bishop Leonard; Auxiliary Bishop John B. it was begun two years ago as an agency The article follows: McDowell; Msgr. Ladislaus Rokosz, pastor of through which Protestant, Catholic and AT COLORFUL INSTALLATION HERE--BISHOP St. Adalbert Church, South Side, represent Jewish groups could fund community based LEONARD VOWS "COMMUNITY EFFORTS" ing diocesan consultors; Msgr. Michael A. projects, particularly in poor areas. (By Robert SChwartz) Dravecky, pastor of Holy Trinity Pa.J>ish, Du Rabbi Tanenbaum, national director of quesne, representing deans of the diocese. the committee's inter-religious affairs de The traditional luster of the Roman Cath olic Church ritual blended with a pledge to Father Elroy I. Grundler, pastor of St. Pe partment, was president of IFCO during the ter's Church, Butler, representing the Clergy past year. continue the ecumenical efforts of the com munity today in the installation of Bishop Council and diocesan priests; Father Wil IFCO sponsored the National Black Eco bert A. Farina, pastor of Madonna del Cas nomic Development Conference meeting in Vincen.t M. Leonard. The prelate of Pittsburgh's Catholic Diocese tello, Swissvale, representing jubilee priests; Detroit in April which approved James For Msgr. Thomas M. Janeck, minister provincial man's Black Manifesto, which seeks $500 was enthroned in a simple yet colorful in stallation ceremony before an overflow audi of St. Fmncis Friary, representing religious million in reparations from the nation's orders, and Father Edward J. Kunco, assist white churches and synagogues. ence shortly before noon today at St. Paul's Catholic Cathedral, Oakland. ant pastor of St. Benedict Parish, Peters Louib J. Gothard, associate director of Twp., representing newly-ordained priests. IFCO, satd the American Jewish Committee's It was a native Pittsburgher who at 60 years of age became the diocese's ninth bishop and Protestant clergymen attending the in.: opposition to Forman's "rhetoric" in the in stallation included Bishop Robert B. Apple troduction to the Manifesto was a "poor ex successor to John Cardinal Wright, now serv ing on the curia in Vatican City as prefect yard of Pittsburgh Episcopal Diocese; the cuse for their action." Rev. Dr. William Ruschhaupt, chief executive "We have never rejected any group on the of the Congregation for the Clergy. High church officials, including arch officer of Pittsburgh Presbyterian; the Rev. basis of ideology," said Gothard. "And AJC W. Lee Hicks, executive director of the Coun never complained before." bishops and bishops, government representa tives and men from the judiciary joined with cil of Churches, and the Rev. Howard M. He said he regretted that the Jewish Ra.vensta.hl of St. Matthew's Lutheran agency had left IFCO and also regretted tha.t the citizens of Western Pennsylvania to pay Church, Crafton. the organization had been "unable to gen tribute to a native son. erate resources comparable to those of other Archbishop Luigi Raimondi, apostollc dele SOLEMN COMMITMENT members." The Committee gave $3000 to gate to the U.S., came here from Washington, Archbishop Raimondi reminded the instal IFCO while it was a member, Gothard said. D.C., to lead in the installation ceremony and lation audience that the work of bishop also Asked how IFCO viewed the "rhetoric" in to join with other bishops and priests In- a is the responslblUty of everyone assigned to the introduction of the Black Manifesto, concelebrated mass. his care. Gothard said "I think we've seen it as the The actual installation of Bishop Leonard, "All will, therefore, willingly and gene.r rhetoric of an individual (Forman) and that who had been auxiliary bishop of the diocese, ously renew their solemn commitment to col has little bearing on the programs he pro took place as Archbishop Raimondi led him laborate with him in this joint enterprise of poses, which are mild and reformist." to the episcopal chair--symbol of his new Ohrist and His church." The Black Manifesto proposes a black land responsibility and authority. Msgr. Paul J. Simko, pastor of St. Patrick's July 14, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19483 Church, Ce.nonsburg, led in prayer for the as he pulled up a stool to join a discotheque age levels of sound-that is, nona.nnoying bishop. rock musical group. As the young musicians sounds-ranged from 4 db to 9 db. And during the chanting of the Psalm of cranked up their amplifiers and tuned their But in peak levels-intrusive, obnoxious Thanksgiving-Psalm 104-representatives of electric guitars, he set a rectangular box noises--1967 showed an increase of 16 db segments of the diocese approached Bishop down in front of him and then quickly over 1954. Leonard to give their reverential act of slipped on a pair of large yellow ear protec "Noise is sexy-it's the newest pollutant, obedience and loyalty. tors, similar to those worn by airport ground and everyone is hot to denounce it,'' says one A luncheon for invited guests followed personnel. federal official. There 1s no question that this afternoon at the Webster Hall Hotel. The musicians cut loose to do their thing, noise is the "in" pollutant this year. Last and Dr. Samuel Rosen calmly did his-ad month the AMA followed the lead of the fed STATE SENATE LAUDS BISHOP LEONARD justing several knobs on his audiometer to eral government and local agencies by calling HARRISBURG.-The Senate has adopted a measure the amount of noise generated in together a Congress on Environmental Health resolution extending its best wishes to Bishop the typical discotheque. to consider the threats posed to man's health Vincent M. Leonard, who was installed to After recording a decibel level of 114- by the noisy fruits· of his technological day as bishop of the Pittsburgh Cathollc "much too much and definitely dangerous to progress. Diocese. a person's hearing"-the New York otologist "The noises of our daily life have been Signed by all Republican and Democratic asked the leader of the group how often they blamed variously for the high divorce rate, senators from the Pittsburgh district, the played. social conflict, indigestion and other organic resolution commends the bishop for his years "Oh, at least 12 hours a week." disabilities, nervous breakdown, high blood of service, his concern for the poor and the "And how's your hearing?" Dr. Rosen in pressure, heart failure, and even insanity,'' aged and his "warmth, hum111ty and friendli quired. reports Dr. Leo L. Beranek of Cambridge, ness." "I went deaf in my right ear for a few Mass., one of the country's most outspoken weeks, but it's okay right now." acoustical experts. Most of these suggestions "How about the rest of you?" Dr. Rosen result, he believes, from overvivid imagina asked the other members of the group. tions, but "one cannot rule out the possibility NOISE POLLUTION that some people are particularly sensitive to "Huh?" noise just as others are allergic to nuts, eggs, "What did he say?" or dust." HON. RICHARD L. OTTINGER "Can't hear you, Doc!" they called out with In the city that many experts rate as the OF NEW YORK wry grins. noisiest city in the world-Caracas, Vene IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Dr. Rosen, who is well known for his pio zuela--several university professors under neering innovations of stapes surgery to re took a study of what appeared to be the in Monday, July 14, 1969 store hearing to victims of otosclerosis-a ordinate grumpiness of the town's citizenry. Mr. OTTINGER. Mr. Speaker, we are technique which he perfected in 1952 and "It's the terrible noise that has turned citi which is now performed more than 150,000 zens from happy, friendly people into properly concerned with water pollution times each year in the U.S.-visited the disco and with air pollution these days--we grouchy people who generally also suffer theque as a demonstration of the dangers of from poor hearing," they reported. They are concerned with other offenses against excessive noise to the hearing and physical blame the high noise level on the fact that our environment as well. health of modern man. Caracas, surrounded by high mountains has At the same time, we tend to ignore Physicians and acoustical physicists are 1.5 million residents and 200,000 aUJtomo one of the most pervasive and perhaps increasingly alarmed at the continuous ex blles-all with loud horns. destructive forms of annoyance-noise. posure of humans to levels of everyday noise Like air and water pollution, noise has Anyone who feels that he is immune to which not only destroy the c111a of the inner crept up insidiously and is only now gaining ear, resulting in neurosensory hearing loss, appropriate recognition. Modern man is the anger and frustration associated with but also cause measurable physiological harm floundering in his inability to control the the incursion of unnecessary noise is in as well as suspected psychological and emo noise around him just as in trying to check vited to go to the Shakespeare Summer tional damage. They measure sound in deci the amount of filth pumped into his atmos Festival on the grounds of the Washing bels. In general, a decible represents the phere and the chemical wastes which have ton Monument, to hear what he can of smallest difference of loudness that the turned his rivers and lakes into cesspools. the plays produced under the stars and human ear can ordinarily detect between After years of complacence and rugged the flight pattern. If his inclination is the loudness of two sounds. Noise specialists adaptation to . his environment--"Oh, you musical, the Watergate concerts offer rate decibles according to the A scale, which don't mind the racket once you get used to is weighted against low-frequency sounds to it!"-urban man has finally come to realize the same entertainment-assuming of reflect the fact that high-frequency sounds that incessant exposure to jackhammers, course, that a descending or ascending are more unpleasant, and apparently more rattling garbage cans, diesel trucks, alarm jet is music to the ears. harmful, than low-frequency sounds of the clocks, jukeboxes, and blaring transistor ra Evidence is accruing that the problems same loudness. dios may well be a serious hazard to his associated with the noise are more than Conversation in a relatively quiet setting physical and mental health. psychological-that indeed our health is ranges around 60 decibles, and the roar of To the clinician, noise pollution is as much threatened by the increasing sound levels traffic or sounds of factory machinery are a threat to certain patients as air pollution typically at about 80 decibles. Anything above is to asthmatics or patients with emphy to which we are constantly and involun sema. Studies have shown that prolonged tarily exposed. Medical World News has 80 is likely to be uncomfortable. At 90 or above, the experts start worrying about ef exposure to noise or sudden, sharp noise published an excellent article in its June fects on health. produces involuntary responses by the vas 13 issue, entitled "How Today's Noise cular, digestive, and nervous systems. The One common household appliance, the food danger to hearing is obvious, but the more Hurts Body and Mind," and I recom blender, emits 93 decibels, and a subway train mend it to my colleagues. The article subtle physiologic and emotional responses screeching around a curved track goes up to to noise place the physician in the position quotes one highly respected scientist: 95. The motorcyclist revving up his bike gen of having to advise his patient too remove Noise, like smog, is a slow agent of erates 110 decibels, and a jet plane taking off himself to a quieter environment. death • • •. If it continues to increase for will assault unprotected ears with 150. Some Speaking at the AMA Congress on Environ the next 30 years as it has for the past 30, it other decibel levels of everyday noisemakers mental Health, Dr. Gerald Dorman, AMA could become lethal. include: garbage disposal units, 80; riveting President-elect, outlined the role of the phy guns, 110; textile looms, 106; power lawn sician: "He can serve as liaison between his The article goes on to quote others to mover, 96; farm tractor, 98; and a newspaper patients and the engineers and other spe the effect that, although Congress is the printing press, 97. cialists who can provide the sound environ best and most likely source of proper leg The lowest audible sound is defined as one ment conducive to good health. He can help islation on the subject, it has shown lit decibel. Louder sounds are measured on a his patients adjust to those conditions that tle inclination to act as yet. Various logarithmic scale according to the power with cannot be changed. And he can become bet which the sound assaults-or tickles-the agencies have shown interest in the prob ter informed on the physiological and psy ear. Thus, a 20-decibel sound is ten times ·as chological effects of noise." lem-HEW and DOT have put cautious loud as one of 10 decibels, and 80 decibels is a toes into the water, but this is clearly The short-term physiologic effects of sud million times louder than 20. Surprisingly, a den noise are relatively easy to study. not enough and the water level is rising. dropped pin, the proverbial softest sound, "Epinephrine is shot in to the blood, as dur I urge that the Congress familiarize actually can reach several decibels, especially ing stress and anxiety," says Dr. Rosen. "The itself with this problem and that it begin when it lands on a library floor. Zero decibels heart beats rapidly, the blood vessels con to address itself to the serious conse has been defined by some acoustical engi strict, the pupils dilate, the head turns, the neers as "the push of a healthy mosquito." quences of its inaction. skin pales, and the stomach, esophagus, and The article follows: Is modern urban living becoming noisier? intestines are seized by spasms. When the Acoustical engineer Ray Donley compared noise is prolonged, there are heart flutters HOW TODAY'S NOISE HURTS BODY AND MIND background noise levels in residential com that eventually subside when the noise di The white-haired, tanned man on this munities in 1967 with a similar measure minishes." A three-year study of university week's cover was not at. all uncomfortable made in 1954. The 13-year rise in the aver- students by investigators at Germany's Max 19484 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 14, 1969 Planck Institute showed that 70 db of noise ticularly during election campaigns), bray various NIMH offic1als privately are hoping consistently caused vascular constriction ing jukeboxes, and the deafening disco that the federal government will underwrite particularly dangerous if the coronary ar theque. This laBJt source of high-volume a series of proj,ects to gather information teries already are narrowed by atherosclero sound has caused many physicians to fear ·about the nonphysiologic effects of noise on sis. irreversible hearing d1Mn1age in young people. people. Noise can also have long-term physiqlogic "The recreational environment is glutted In one "ld.eal study" currently being dis effects. In animal experiments, for example, with hazardous sound-generating devices cussed by NIMH personnel and grantees, a rabbits subjected to e-ight weeks of high tha.t justify study and control," Dr. David housewife would be equipped with sensors noise showed elevated cholesterol levels as M. Lipscomb of the University of Tennessee thrut would telemeter her body changes dur well as increased atherosclerosis in their warns. "Ear protection should be encouraged. ing her everyday exposure to noise. Also, she aortas. and made attractive to young people." Dr. would be encouraged to dictate into a tape Does excessive noise produce the same re Lipscomb is a professor in the depa;rtment recorder or jot down any unusual feelings or sults in humans? Few investigators are will of audiology and speech pathology. pressures. ing to say so publicly, though many of them Lest Dr. Lipscomb be accused of being a One sociologically timely theory that the suspect that it does. There just is not enough square, he backs up his condemnation of NIMH inve&tigators would like to check sug scientifically convincing information. Dr. rock 'n' roll music with the results of experi gests that "startle" soundtr-that is, sudden Aram Glorig, director of the Callier Hearing ments he has conducted with a guinea pig. noises loud enough to produce visible physi and Speech Center in Dallas, suggests that He recorded a "hard rock" sessdon rut a Knox cal effects-may hav•e different psychological "much more unemotional research must be ville discotheque, then played t.t for the consequences in urban slum areas than in pursued before any valid conclusions can be guinea pig at the same decibel level he had the suburbs. Studies on both animals and reached." measured in the discotheque. The listening humans have shown that in a qui·et situa.tion, Common household noise is particularly sessions were spread out over three months a noise in excess of 100 db will p1:1oduce the likely to be the unsuspected culprit in ail a.t intervals comparable to the ltstening startle effect. But in an environment of 70 ments that have a psychosomatic compo habits of the discotheque habitue. That is, db of "white noise," the same startle sound nent, claims Dr. Lee E. Farr of the University the guinea pig would be exposed to as much of 100 db or more wm touch off a much more of Texas School of Public Health in Houston. as four hours of rock at a time, whtle other violent reaction. That is, the noisier the en He suggests that the wife who runs a loud days, none was played. vironment, the more dramatic wlll be the vacuum cleaner in the evening may be con For the first 25 hours, both ears were ex effect of any startle sound. tributing to her husband's allergies and ul posed. Then the anima.l's left ear was Some psychiatrists and psychologists be cers as well as to frayed nerves. plugged. After more tham 88 hours of this, lieve that in the unusually high noise level The one danger of noise on which all in the animal was put out of its misery and its traffic, sirens, police whistles, noisy children, vestigators agree is damage to hearing. Ex cochlea cells examined. The cells in the left blaring television sets, and transistor ra tensive studies in animals as well as humans ear were normal, but many cells in the ex dios-in the slums, just one extra startle have established that prolonged exposure to posed right ear were destroyed. sound may often trigger violence. Even in extreme noise will result in definite hearing "The alarming feature of this report is quiet suburbia, the man who comes · home loss, just as living in a large city gradually toot considerable permanent damage was after a tense, stressful day in a noisy en will deprive a man of some of his hearing. found in the deltca.te cells responsible for vironment may say nothing when he discov Dr. Rosen has conducted extensive epidemio providing the sensati-on of hea.ring," Dr. Lips ers the kids camped in front of an inordi logic studies in several relatively quiet pop comb says. nately loUd television set. He may not even ulations, ranging from the Mabaan tribe in The rock 'n' roll musician who told Dr. react consciously to his daughter's phono the Sudan to the Lapps in northern Finland. Rosen that he ha.d temporarily los•t his hear graph. Then a child will accidentally drop a He has found that Mabaans in their mid ing in one ear may have been one of those toy, or the telephone will ring, or his wife seventies had just as good hearing as 15- people who suffer a rather marked. threshold will yell suddenly at a child-and he fia.res year-old boys in the tribe. Of course, he shift of 40 db or 50 db after exposure to up wrathfully. points out, noise is not the only element extremely loud noise. Tlrts is different, how One NIMH official says it is "very likely" lacking from Mabaan life; the tribe enjoys ever, from the popular misconception that an that a startle sound could propel the excita a low-fat diet and freedom from high blood eardrum can be "blown" by loud noise. Mili ble, neurotic, or prepsychotic person over the pressure and heart disease. tary physicians are familiar with the rup border of rational behavior. The intensity and duration of industrial tured eardrum, an acoustical trauma thaJt Men who are exposed to prolonged loud noise pose an obvious threat. The man who can result from a sudden, intense sound wave noise usually show a greater sensitivity to operates a jackhammer each day runs the pressure from field artillery or a nearby ex their environment, Dr. Rosen believes, "They same risk of losing some (or most) of his plosion. If there is no disruption of the are more inclined to argue, fight, or fly off hearing as the airport employee who refuses bones of the middle ear, and if the eardrum the handle suddenly." to wear ear protectors. The Public Health heals, hearing generally returns to the d~ am On the issue of long-term physiologic and Service has found tha.t industrial workers aged eaJr. mental damage, Dr. Cohen has not yet who are regularly exposed to high levels of Mental and emotional damage is harder to chosen sides. "My jury is still out," he says, noise tend to have poorer hearing than per measure. "Nobody has any answers about ·this though he feels that the view that noise sons of the same age and sex whose noise yet, but we need them-veTy badly," an in causes no long-term 111 effects is diflicul·t to exposure is considerably less. vestigator at the National Institute of Mental accept. The workers studied include those involved Health warns. The problem, he feels, is that American in dam-, canal-, and road-building activities In Washington, nearly everyone seems ex noise experts have done little actual physio that require the constant racket of large cited about the noise problem, but hardly logic research on the extra-auditory effects bulldozers, scraper-loaders, compactors, and anyone is wtll1ng to talk except off the rec of noise on the human body. "The American other heavy earth-moving equipment. Also ord. This reticence appears to be caused by investiga.tor is afraid to invest ten years in a checked were workers at a paper bag manu the fact thiat nothing is happening legisla detailed comparative study with the pros facturing plant, as well as airport personnel tively right now. There is no specific anti pects of ending up with nothing. But this who spend time daily in outdoor airport noise measure in the Nixon Administration's is precisely the sort of study th.alt is needed." ramp areas. legislative program, although this does not One suggestion for protecting the hearing The PHS conclusions were presented to the mean a total lack of concern. from everyday noise is the use of earplugs or AMA noise congress by Dr. Alexander Cohen, Charles C. Johnson Jr., administrator of eBir protectors. "These can reduce the inten an experimental psychologist who is chief of HEW's Consumer Protection and Environ sity of Il!Oise to some degree, but not enough the PHS National Noise Study, the only gov mental Health Service, concedes that "urban to really protect the individual," Dr. Rosen ernment project concerned ~xclusively with noise levels can certainly lower what has been says. And otologists generally agree with this the effects of noise on people and work per vaguely referred to as the •quality of life,' point Of view. formance. "The level and duration of steady ·and by contributing to reactions of general What then can be done? state noise exposures in mechanized indus fatigue and annoyance, they pose a health Some experts are distinctly pessimistic. try are very likely to cause hearing loss," effect of unknown dimensions." He belteves "Noise, like smog, is a slow agent of death" Dr. Cohen told the participants. He defines it is likely that the noise problem "is more is the opinion of UCLA chancellor emeritus a steady-state noise as "one essentially free serious than ava.ilable data might suggest," Vern 0. Knudsen. "If It continues to increase of noticeable transients or sound bursts." particularly if one considers the psychologi for the next 30 years as it has for the past 30, But some experts point to everyd:ay noise cal stress a.s well as the direct hearing loss it could becotne lethal." An acous-tical physi from mass transportatiJOn, household appli ·associated with it. cist who has served as consultant for design ances, power tools, hobbies, and recreational 8\ll'l)rtsingly, the Department of Tmnspor and construction of more than 500 auditori activities (motorboatmg or drag racing)--as tatton may be slightly ahead of HEW. Late ums, iillCluding the Los Angeles Music Center more insidd.ous than the obvious industrta.l last month, Secretary John A. Volpe signed a. a.nd New York's Philharmonic Hall, Dr. racket. Dr. Cohen suggest.a that such "socio contra.ct giving an Arlington, Va., firm called Knudsen is an advocate Of muffling noise cusis" (which is different from the hearing Serendipity, Inc., slightly less than half a tha.t cannot be elimin.ated. He suggests thM changes due to advanoing age, or presbycu million dollars to study noise and its cures. spending perhaps 5% to 10% more on con sis) presents a major problem in defining "Transportation noise 1s a form. of environ struction costs can effectively soundproof "norm:aJ. hearing." mental d'eterioration of major concern to buildings and reduce noise by as much as Sociocusis can also embrace a host of in· this Administration," Volpe decLared. 50 db. d.1vidua.l-genemted. noises, such as blaring There's very little medical or phychologtcal Many physicians are organizing and join transistor radios, outdoor loudspeakers (par- research going on in thl8 area right now, but ing civic action groups, such as the Citizens July 14, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19485 for a Quieter City, which has achieved some noise, but Congress is the only hope for real Police Commissioner Howard R. Leary; success in New York. This group and others istic legislation. The local governments are Hon. Elliot Golden, chief, assistant in the have worked closely with the city govern passing laws and denouncing noise, but district attorney's office, Kings County; ment, city departments, and private industry they're doing it without expertise. Th.ey•re Capt. Joseph Meseall, police department; to develop codes with which industry can really just enthusiastic amateurs. In this live and which the city can enforce. So far, particular situation, I think it is only the Patrolman Irving Fisher, of the public these cooperative activities have resulted in federal government that can oome up with relations office of the police department. getting one manufacturer to install silencers any kind of workable solution. So much EDUCATION on all new jackhammers. A manufacturer of noise is generated by interstate activities Moderator: Dr. Harvey Bien. compressors has agreed to develop a quieter that, given strong public support, Congress model, and an automotive manufacturer is could really raise hell With the noisemakers Present as guest panelists were: Dean working on a quieter garbage truck which the and force them to reduce their reckless as Lester Singer, of New York Community city has agreed to purchase. sault on the senses of the people. Look what College; Hon. Albert B. Lewis, State That last step should please the irate (and happened with auto safety." senator. perhaps apocryphal) Manhattan resident who UCLA's Dr. Knudsen, who routinely inserts BUSINESS, TAXATION, AND LAROR was routed from his sleep one summer morn earplugs when he steps out of his noise-free ing by a symphony of clattering garbage cans office into Los Angeles tratnc, sums up mod Mode.rator: Mr. Martin Antelis. and roaring sanitation department trucks. ern man's predicament in the face of the Present as guest panelists: Hon. Louis Running outdoors, he grabbed the nearest continuing assault on his ears: "The ele J . .Lefkowitz, attorney gene:::-al of the performer of this morning serenade and phant has ear flaps to l'ive in his jungle, but State of New York; Hon. Solomon z. turned him upside down. Shouting, "I'll make man has no flaps for his." Ferziger, regional director of the Small this bloody city whisper," he stuffed the Business Administration: and Julius man into a large trash barrel. Came the Venner, ESq., counsel to State Senator Bronx-accented voice from inside: "All right, Mac, not so loud." Samuel Greenberg. Legisla tlon to control noise has not gotten ADVISORY COMMITTEE IN ACTION: HEALTH, HOSPITAL, AND WELFARE very far in many local governments or in A NEW APPROACH TO COM.M:U Moderator: Mr. Ronald Hoffman. Congress because, as one legislator put it, NITY INVOLVEMENT Present as guest panelists were: Dr. Low "there just isn't enough public pressure for strong antinoise laws." ell E. Bellin,' executive director of medic Indeed, some people seem to like noise. "In HON. BERTRAM L. PODELL aid; Hon. Robert A. Low, councilman. many cases, a quiet piece of equipn.ent won't OF NEW YORK COMMUNITY RELATIONS sell," says Ray Donley, chief engineer of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Moderator: Howard Rhine, Esq. Pres Hearing Conservation, Inc. Detroit spends Monday, July 14, 1969 ent as guest panelists were: Hon. Simeon thousands of dollars to create just the right Golar, chairman of the Human Rights sound for slamming car doors. And, says Mr. PODELL, Mr. Speaker, I founded Donley, "a nearly silent vacuum cleaner Commission of the City of New York; which is technically feasible-is not likely to our congressional district's advisory Hon. Leonard Silverman, assemblyman; sell very well. Unless it sounds powerful, to committee to obtain deeper involvement Hon. Howard Golden, SUlite committee- day's woman won't believe it is really by my constituents in the governmental man; Rabbi Abraham Hecht, Rabbi Sid cleaning." process as well as to constantly be aware ney Z. Lieberman, Rabbi Max Schreier. The only federal attempt so far to define of issues and ideas of most concern to acceptable levels deals With noise in indus them. On a regular bas!ls, these members SCIENCE, RESEARCH, AND TECHNOLOGY trial setting. The Walsh-Healey Act, passed of our community have given of their Moderator: William C. Schneider, Di in the closing days of the Johnson Adminis time, informing me of opinions held on rector of Apollo Applications for NASA, tration, establishes a maximum decibel level formerly Mission Assistant, Gemini of 90 as a standard for all contractors doing issues affecting all of us. This activity has ranged from international positions project. Present as guest panelists were: business with the government. Prof. John Boardman, Physics Depart But while 90 db is not the gentlest on the and national programs to local desires ears ("At this level, you'd have to shout to and evolving thoughts throughout the ment of Brooklyn College; Mr. E. z. be heard," Dr. Cohen points out), many fed 13th Congressional District. I have Gray, assistant to president of Grum eral officials are pleased that at least a start learned much from these dedicated, com man's Aircraft for Space, formerly Di has been made toward federal noise control. mittee people. Recently, we have taken rector of Advanced Manned Mission and "Of course, these standards are only as tough another forward step in the area of com NASA. as the manpower we have to enforce them," munity involvement and participation. We were also honored by the presence one official explained. of Hon. JAMES SCHEUER, Congressman; The case of the supersonic transport (SST) On Sunday, April 20, the first annual meeting of the advisory committee was Hon. JoHN M. MURPH.Y, Congressman; is an ex.a.mple of how repeated warnings by Hon. HUGH CAREY, Congressman; and antinoise forces have not yet been strong held at William E. Grady Vocational enough to move Congress to do anything to High School. I deem this venture a sig Hon. Eugene Gold, district attorney, prevent the development of a source of noise nificant success. Citizens from all over Kings County. I then l}ad the pleasure of that many fear will be a formidable danger. our congressional district joined me in a introducing my guest speaker, Mr. Theo Of course, some insist that if the SST is per series of probing discussions on housing, dore Sorenson, who inspired the plenary m! tted to exceed the speed of sound only over city planning, urban development, crime, with a delightful discourse on the new oceans, its noise level over land Will be no education, business, taxation, labor, politics. worse than that of conventional jets. During the course of the day, vigor Such progress as there is, is being made health, hospitals, welfare, community relations, science, research, and technol ous debate was common. Benefits accru on the local level. Memphis has made itself ing to our society through space on of the quietest cities in the U.S., winning ogy. Views were aired, problems delved 16 national noise abatement awards in a row. into and positions taken. I gleaned much research, housing problems, human But New York's efforts, while considerable, in the way of district opinion from this rights, civil liberties, aid to education, are infinitesimal bes.fde the daily racket of gathering. city planning and drug problems ranked the city. And while some suburban communi high in interest and discussion. Tax rates ties near large airports have passed stringent Presence and participation of local and labor problems provoked intense ex laws governing the decibel levels permitted officials and prominent members of the changes as the community, through the for planes flying over their boundaries, these community insured meaningful airing of advisory council, came face to face with are hard to enforce unless a town sets up its views and pertinent PTesentation of appropriate officials. own pursuit-plane police force. And the air opinion. It was the closest I have ever been to lines complain that it is unreasonable to ex The panel on housing, city planning, pect them to conform to dozens of widely dif the classic New England town meeting, and urban development was chaired by and I intend to continue and extend this fering local ordinances. Robert Salman of the advisory commit New York State has attempted to cut down form of on-the-spot democracy. This the roar of tramc by limiting trucks that use tee. Present as guest panelists were: venture into active community participa tollways Mld state highways to a maximum Hon. Vito Batista, assemblyman; Hon. tion and dialog on society's problems of 88 db. State troopers have been stationed Kenneth Knigin, councilman; and Hon. affecting us all directly proved the worth near tollbooths along the Thomas E. Dewey Steve Solarz, assemblyman. of the advisory committee. It is, in my Thruway at Larchmont with hand-held dec CRIME my ibel meters to enforce the law. eyes, a novel, excellent approach to Describing local attempts to oontain noise Moderator: Sheldon Walker, Esq. main goal-to effect a continuing ex pollution in all its aspec:ts, a !edernl otnclal Present as guest panelists were: Hon. change between our community and its recently shook hls head sadly. "The federal Sidney Lichtman, assemblyman; In elected officials. The people have a right government is doing precisely nothing about spector Thomas Read, who represented to expect this, and as a Congressman, I 19486 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 14, 1969 can do no less. Because we have a high peaceful measures leading to gradual re Korea early in the Korean war left a leg percentage of dedicated, committed and unification. In 1962 North Korea began acy of anticommunism and the South involved citizens, it can be made into a strengthening its armed forces and Korean Government has received good reality. ado>;>ting a more militant tone. Since 1965 cooperation from villagers in tracking I wish to thank the members of the the North Koreans have increasingly ac down and capturing guerrillas from the advisory committee, our distinguished companied their words with actions and north. Even student dissidents and other visitors, and those who attended as con the number of significant incidents of groups dissatisfied with the present gov cerned citizens for their active participa aggression in the demilitarized zone and ernment appear to be strongly anti-Com tion. I fervently hope their involvement in the interior of South Korea has risen munist and patriotic to the point of chau in the future will increase, and that oth from 59 in 1965 to 761 in 1968. vinism. ers will be drawn in. This is participa Paradoxically, the increased North North Korean raiders do, however, pose t.ory democracy at its finest, and I am Korean militancy has accompanied the a number of threats to the Republic of most responsive to it. Further programs growing success of the Republic of Korea. Korea during the present period of politi revolving around the advisory commit During the 1950's the Communists ap cal and economic transition. In the polit tee will follow in the future. parently hoped that South Korea, ical sphere they may attempt to inter At this time I wish to extend my spe heavily dependent on U.S. financial sup fere with the 1971 elections or to provoke cial thanks to Mr. Ronald Fischetti, Mr. port, might one day simply fall into their a stringent application of anti-Com Gerald Wygoda, and my Youth Action hands. Since the early 1960's the progress munist laws that could cause dissatisfac Corps, which has involved itself in so of South Korea has made it clear that tion with the South Korean Government many key areas within our district and this will not happen. Under President on the part of some liberal groups. community at my request. Lt operates Park Chung Hee who achieved power in In the economic sphere, South Korea's my mobile office, working on traffic prob a military coup in 1961 and was consti rapid growth has left her with a shortage lems, veterans' affairs and a tutorial and tutionally reelected in 1963 and 1967, the of capital as is indicated by a prime big brother program. They are a glow Republic of Korea has had a high degree interest rate of 26 percent in early 1968. ing example of how mature and effective of political stability. More importantly, Investment from abroad is thus vital to young people can be. tt has had an amazingly successful econ continued progress. Foreign investment Finally, it is important to add that omy. The rate of growth of GNP has depends on an expectation of continued the advisory committee is constantly ac gone from 4.2 percent in 1961 to 13.1 per stability and order. If the North Koreans tive in the most productive sense. An ac cent in 1968. During 1967 wages rose an were able to undermine this expectation tive consumer protection committee is average of 30 percent overcoming an 11 they could hurt South Korea's economic already informing the district on con percent price inflation. The economy growth. In addition, suppression of guer sumer frauds. Drug addiction and further should be on the verge of self -sustaining rillas is expensive and continued aid to education in the district are being growth by 1971. northern aggression could cause theRe probed. Rent gouging in decontrolled Nevertheless there remain problems. public of Korea to divert valuable re apartments as well as the welfare sys Korea is still basically a rather poor sources from development to defense. tem and high hospital costs. New ideas country. Most economic progress has So far the North Korean raids have and further involvement deepen and pro been in manufacturing and mining. Agri failed to seriously hamper the Republic liferate daily, and this type of ferment culture, which still employs most of the of Korea's political or economic develop is all I hoped for. population has made much less progress ment. That this is so is due largely to the I hope all concerned citizens will con and could act as an economic bottleneck. efficiency of the forces defending South sider this an open, warm invitation to Population pressure is also a problem. Korea. With the help of the populace participate in the work of our advisory The Republic of Korea is moving to they have been able to quickly round up committee. I invite all young people to meet these and other problems. More re northern infiltrators. join my Youth Action Corps. If you are sources are being put into agriculture and Defending the armistice line are the interested, please drop me a note at our the birth control program is cutting the troops of the United Nations command Brooklyn congressional office, 1507 Ave rate of population growth. In fact the under the leadership of Gen. Charles nnue M, Brooklyn, N.Y. 11230. Phone: next few years could probably be con Bonesteel. These forces include the en 336-7575. sidered as a time of transition which tire 570,000-man army of the Republic will determine whether the successes of of Korea, two U.S. divisions, and a small the past decade will be consummated. number of men from other countries. DEFENDING PROGRESS IN KOREA There is a somewhat similar situation in They bear the b:runt of almost daily the political sphere for the elections border incidents and over 900 United HON. RICHARDT. HANNA coming in 1971 will be an important test Nations command personnel have been of South Korean progress toward de OF CALIFORNIA killed or wounded either along the border mocracy. It is in the context of this or inside South Korea since 1965, Gen IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES transition period that recent North eral Bonesteel describes his mission as, Monday, July 14, 1969 Korean aggression must be viewed. ''maintaining the peace-not winning Mr. HANNA. Mr. Speaker, 16 years Some South Koreans feE!! that current some war.... " Faced with an unpre after the Korean war armistice, the Re North Korean activity presages a new dictable enemy in a situation fraught public of Korea remains a victim of ag full-scale invasion across the armistice with the danger of war by accident or gression from the north. A United Na line. Currently this appears unlikely if miscalculation, General Bonesteel's tions command report on North Korean only because of the deterrent value of leadership has been vital in preserving armistice violations in 1968 lists ·542 sig the commitment indicated by the two the peace that is necessary for South nificant incidents in the demilitarized U.S. combat divisions who join the Korean development. zone immediately south of the armistice large and effective Republic of Korea Within South Korea, the regular army line in addition to 219 incidents in the Army in guarding the border. is supplemented by civilian forces in interior of the Republic of Korea itself. North Korea's stated strategy is to es cluding the police and local militia This high level of North Korean activity tablish an indigenous Communist base organizations. Among the forces that has continued during 1969. In one of the in South Korea. From this base a Viet have been most important in anti-infil most recent incidents, South Korean nam-like reVIOlutionary war would be tration operations is the Republic of forces captured a 75-ton North Korean fought with support from the north. Korea Central Intelligence Agency under vessel that was attempting to land com North Korean infiltrators are instructed the leadership of Kim Hyung Wook. mandoes and pick up an agent on Huk to indoctrinate and recruit South Korean Under men like Bonesteel and Kim, sando Island 120 mlles south of Seoul. villagers and Kim TI-sung's government South Korea's defense forces have pro Unification of Korea under Commu maintains the fiction that the violent vided an effective shield behind which nist control has always been the primary actions of its infiltrators were carried the country can deal with its internal foreign policy goal of North Korea's Pre out by indigenous forces. challenges. Continued vigilance should mier Kim n-sung. After the Korean war, So far the Communists have failed to permit the Republic of Korea to go from however, he stressed the reconstruction establish a revolutionary base. The the successes of the past decade to even of North Korea and talked in terms of northern occupation of most of South greater successes in the next. July 14, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19487 THE INCREDffiLE DREAM: A WALK escape into the atmosphere during the vent astronauts take about 10 minutes to don ON THE MOON-PART V Jug and when the hatch is opened. However, them. Their sUits will filter against out the bulk of the scientific community and going air. space agency doctors do not appea.r con Once the astronauts pile out into a raft, HON. JOHN M. MURPHY cerned by these brief breaches of quarantine. they wm be sprayed by the technician from Concern about the possib111ty of non-ter head to toe with a potent disinfectant called OF NEW YORK restrial organisms invading the earth was Betadine, turning their garments from an IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES first expressed in articles in scientific jour olive drab to a golden brown. Monday, July 14, 1969 nals as long ago as 1958, shortly after Sputnik After the astronauts are picked up by a !launched the space age. chopper, the technician will sink the germ Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. Speak In 1965, the space science boa.rd of the Na exposed raft. er, fear, anticipation, hope, great joy, and tional Academy of Sciences recommended to The chopper, with a crew wearing filtration pride. That is the countdown of human Nasa that anything which was brought back masks will fly the astronauts over to the car emotions as we prepare to launch man from the moon--astronauts, equipment, rier Hornet where the Mobile Quarantine across the vast oceans of space to another rocks and soil--should be quarantined for a Facility awaits. specific period which would start the moment President Nixon w111 also be on board, but planet and a new era. In his revealing the returning spacecraft left the moon. he will have no physical contact with the series of articles prior to blast off It suggested that a laboratory with a bio astronauts. Nevertheless, there is some con Wednesday, New York Daily News Sci logical barrier be bunt to house the return cern in the space agency that if anything ence Editor Mark Bloom gives us the low ing astronauts and rocks. goes wrong in the transfer of the astronauts down on efforts to make sure nothing The scientis-ts had more than just quaran from the chopper to the quarantine facility "bugs" the Appollo 11 astronauts-and tine on minds when they made these recom through a plastic tunnel, the whole ship that includes the President who had to mendations, which were adopted. might have to be quarantined for 21 days cancel dinner plans. Mr. Speaker, under In addition to serious concern about lunar including Nixon. rocks contaminating the earth, there was The Mobile Quarantine Fac111ty is a space leave to extend my remarks in the REc concern about the earth contaminating the age house trailer which is air and water ORD, I include Mr. Bloom's informative lunar rocks. tight. It is divided into three areas-lounge, "Blast-Off Minus 5" article: If studies were to be made to see if the galley and bedroom/bathroom. There, iso APOLLO 11-BLASTOFF MINUS 5-LOOK WHO rocks and soil bore microscopic life originat lated from all but a Nasa doctor, technician ISN'T COMING TO DINNER ing on the moon, they had to be kept free of and a telephone, the astronauts will remain (By Mark Bloom) being exposed to the earth's atmosphere. for the next 67 hours. In addition, other scientific rock studies The trailer travels by ship to Hawaii, by When President Nixon wants to have din could not wait 21 days (the period of quar truck to an air force base, by plane to an ner with someone and can't, there has to be antine later deemed to be sufficient) or they other air force base near the space center, a pretty good reason. In the case of Nixon's would be ruined. They included studies of and then by truck to the Lunar Receiving cancelled dinner plans with the Apollo 11 low-level, short-lived radiation characteris Laboratory, where the astronauts will stay, astronauts, the reason was germs. Not the tics and gas analysis. kept from contaminating the world until astronauts' germs, but the President's. So in addition to building a laboratory fo: Aug. 11. And the background behind spoiling Nix quarantine, the scientists wanted a fac111ty The Apollo spacecraft, picked up by the on's plan to have dinner with astronauts Neil where scientific studies could be begun with Hornet, will be wrapped in a biological iso Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin out endangering the human race. lation cover, and also flown to the lab. on the eve of their blastoff is an elaborate This laboratory beoame the Lunar Receiv The first objects from the moon to reach operation designed: the lab, however, will be the lunar rocks and To see if there is any bacterial, viral or ing Laboratory at the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston, an $8.5 million building soil, anywhere from 50 to 130 pounds worth. other microscopic life on the moon. Flown by special Air Force jet, the rocks To protect the world against a possible epi with $7 m1111on worth of equipment inside. The philosophy of Nasa regarding quaran should arrive about 24 hours after splash demic caused by moon germs, on the highly down. unlikely chance they exist, which might tine in the lab is that it would rather have prove too much for human, animal or plant the earth contaminate the rocks than the Immediately, the scierce works begins, defensive systems and earth medicine, also rocks contaminate the earth. Therefore, the starting with the first visual examination unlikely. air pressure fs slightly lower inside the lab by 15 scientists known as the preliminary Space agency physicians have catalogued than it is outside. In this, any leak would evaluation team. the natural bacteria of the three astronauts result in air flowing inside, not outside. After about 13 hours, a "sterile" chunk of and will know if they pick up any last As a result of the 1965 recommende-tions, the lunar surface w111 be taken over by biol minute viruses. the Interagency Committee on Back Con ogists and exposed to mice who have been However, they do not know what natural tamination was formed in 1966 to assdst and kept in a germ-free environment since they bacteria the President carries (yes, even advise Nasa on ways to combat the one-in-a were born by Caesarian section. President's have germs) and they were wor b1llion chance there might be lunar germs.· Later, the rocks will be exposed to fish, ried about the prospect of Nixon transmit The committee had the legal authority to shrimp, oysters, more mice, files, moths, cock ting some new strains to the astronauts at review and approve all plans and procedures. roaches and other forms of life to see what the last minute. In other words, if the committee had not ap develops. The space doctors want to know exactly proved the set-up from splashdown to the In addition, the rocks themselves will· un what germs travel to the surface of the moon Lunar Receiving Laboratory, Apollo 11 could dergo detailed biological examination. so they can check after splashdown to make not have been launched. Almost everyone believes all these tests sure that the same_ones, and only the same The committee is headed by the Communi w111 show up negative. But there is always ones, have returned with the astronauts. cable Disease Center, a fac111ty in Atlanta of that last lingering doubt, and until the tests So when the Apollo 11 astronauts return the Health, Education and Welfare Depart are completed, and no exotic diseases are from the moon, it won't be just another ment. Other agencies represented on the com encountered by men or mice, the world will splashdown. mittee are Nasa, the Interior Department and have to hold its breath-just a little. The recovery operations in the Pacific 1,200 the Agriculture Department. For one thing the world does not need, miles southwest of Hawaii have been re The contamination operations actually be with all the problem man creates right here hearsed and rerehearsed to ensure every pos gin on the moon when Armstrong and Aldrin on earth, is trouble from the moon. sible precaution is taken against the possi place lunar rocks and soil in vacuum b111ty the astronauts, and the lunar rocks containers. and soil they carry with them, might con This has the double benefit of keeping the taminate the earth. rocks in the same environment as they were SAN LEANDRO MATRON GETS It will not, however, be possible to keep a on the moon when they are returned to earth POST OFFICE PROMOTION perfect quarantine from the moment the and also keeping any germs on them from es Apollo 11 spacecraft enters the earth's caping into the earth's atmosphere. atmosphere. When Apollo 11 splashes down in the Pa HON. GEORGE P. MILLER During the final 50,000 feet of the descent cific, the astronauts will wait until a flota OF CALIFORNIA to earth, venting valves in the spacecraft tion collar is attached and the "recovery IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES will have to be opened to allow pressure in technician" frogman knocks on the space side to build up from the 5.5 pounds per craft window. · Monday, July 14, 1969 square inch to 14.7 pounds per square inch Looking like a moon creature, this frogman Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speak at sea level. will be wearing a biological isolation gar er, Postmaster John F. Bushell of Oak And the spacecraft hatch has to be opened ment, a cloth suit with a helmet and gas briefly after Apollo 11 hits the water to allow mask-like breathing apparatus. His suit will land, Calif., himself a career employee of a frogman to stuff three "biological isolation filter against incoming air. the Post Office Department, has ap garments" in side for the as·tronauts. After the hatch opens a crack and the tech pointed Mrs. Ophelia Robinson, a Mexi If there are any "dread lunar germs" float nician stuffs three more of these garments can American, to a high supervisory level ing a.round inside the spacecraft, they could inside, the hatch wm close again while the in the Oakland Post Office. 19488 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 14, 1969 Postmaster Bushell is conscious of the vessels on the high seas, are curiously loitered today just over a day's sailing time problems confronting us today with re informed on the sinking of U.S. sub :from Havana but within close range of Cape · Kennedy. spect to the minorities and has in his marines, and now militantly sail along They are being closely watched from U.S. own way quietly given recognition to the side our coast. Navy planes and .surface vessels by official minorities. It becomes increasingly difficult to account, and possibly also by American sub I congratulate him and I wish that reconcile the propaganda of a mellowing marines. Early today, they were 30 nautical there were more like him in the postal Russian hierarchy with this present miles east of Cape Kennedy, officials reported. service. hardening of Kremlin tactics. The timetable suggested that the six mod An article from the July 4, 1969, Cali There has been no official U.S. com ern naval vessels were using the Cuban visit ment. Apparently, we citizens are ex as an excuse to watch next Wednesday's fornia Voice, Oakland, Calif., follows: Apollo 11 moonshot from international SlN LEANDRO MATRON GETS P.O. PROMOTION pected to ignore this Bolshevik encroach waters off the Cape. Postmaster Bushell announced the promo ment. Possibly because to acknowledge Soviet "fishing boats" loaded with elec tion of Mrs. Ophelia Robinson to the posi even their presence would be an admis tronic equipment have monitored previous tion of foreman of mails. Mrs. Robinson is sion of Soviet destructive capability and rocket launches :from offshore and reports one of six female employees being elevated to shatter the fantasy of Soviet willingness from the cape indicated some were there the position. Her appointment is unique in to cooperate in deescalating East-West again. This left it unclear why Soviet war that she is the first female Mexican-Ameri tensions. ships should also be hanging aro11nd. can ever appointed to that supervisory level The Defense Department refused to dis in California, Nevada and Hawaii. I insert the following news items': cuss what the warships might do between Mrs. Robinson, 28, was born in Bard, Cali [From the Washington (D.C.) Post July 12, now and their announced arrival date art; fornia. She was for two years a Wave in the 1969] Havana, a week from tomorrow. U.S. Navy and was at the time of her dis SOVIETS CRUISE OFF CAPE KENNEDY "To the best of our knowledge, they are charge at Treasure Island a petty officer with (By Richard Homan) moving slowly toward Cuba," a spokesman the rate of Storekeeper, Third Class. said. He declined to speculate on why the JACKSONVILLE, F'LA., July 11.-81x Russian Six years ago Mrs. Robinson came into ships had sailed to within a day of Havana the Oakland post office as a substitute clerk warships, closely watched by American units, so far ahead of the official visit. maneuvered off the Florida coast today, ap Pentagon sources conceded unofficially and has since progressed through the vari parently hoping to have bleacher seats for ous clerical categories to become the twelfth that it was all very curious. The best sug female supervisor in the Oakland post office. the Wednesday moon shot. gestion they could come up with involved Officially, the Russi,an fieet-including two Apollo 11, but they had no idea why war Mrs. Robinson is married and resides with late-model submarines-is on its way to Ha her husband, Clifford, and two young sons ships should supplement the electronic vanna for a July 26 visit commemorating the trawlers. at 13940 Santiago Road, San Leandro. Be Cuban revolution. sides being a career postal supervisor, Mrs. The naval squadron consists of a guided But for the past three days it has stayed missile cruiser, two guided missile destroy Robinson finds time to be a career wife and in an area about 250 miles off the coast, east mother and study interior decorating. ers, two submarines and a sub tender. They and slightly south of Oape Kennedy---en are accompanied by the tanker Karl Marx. In addition to the six female employees ideal location to monitor the Apollo 11 being elevated to foremen of mails, 36 male launch. employees are being simultaneously and sim Today, however, it was the Russians who ilarly promoted. This is the largest number were monitored-by the U.S. destroyer escort of supervisors ever appointed at one time in Gary, a variety of reconnaissance planes from SALARY COMMISSION the Oakland post office and places the total the carrier Independence and a lumbering number of supervisors employed in this of C-54 filled with reporters and photographers. fice at a record high of 230. Of the 230 super To draw maximum publicity from the rare HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI visors, 12 are females and 218 are males. Soviet naval approach to American shores, OF NEW YORK the U.S. Navy staged an hour-long photo reconnaissance happening, with planes mak IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES SOVIET MISSILES OFF CAPE ing repea too passes in photogenic formations Monday, July 14, 1969 KENNEDY over the Russians. There was no apparent Russian reaction to Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, I want to the flights, which stayed a cautious 1,000 commend highly my colleague, the HON. JOHN R. RARICK feet above the quiet sea and several hundred gentleman from Arizona (Mr. UDALL) OF LOUISIANA yards from the ships. No messages have been U?on his introduction today of a comp~e IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES exchanged between U.S. and Russian forces, hensive measure "to implement the Fed the Navy said. eral employee pay comparability system; Monday, July 14, 1969 The official Defense Department view of the to establish a Federal Employee Salary Russian maneuvers was that they are "il Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, a fleet of lustrative of growing Soviet capab111ties." Commission and a Board of Arbitration, Russian warships comprised of a cruiser, But when pressed to say when Russia and for other purposes." and two destroyers, armed with deadly had not had the capability to send six ves As usual, he has exhibited great dili stingers-guided missiles-and two tor sels to the Western Atlantic, the Pentagon gence and devoted effort in dealing wi,th pedo attack submarines brazenly cruise spokesman said, "Please don't drag me any the current pressure for adjustment of in the Atlantic just 30 nautical miles further into this." postal pay. He is the chairman of our from Cape Kennedy. The Russian fleet consists of a cruiser and Subcommittee on Compensation, which two destroyers, all armed with guided mis The Soviet fleet commander comes siles, two non-nuclear submarines and a sub will resume hearings tomo·rrow on this prepared to effectively deter any such marine tender. Two oilers are also with the important issue as well as the related and fate as that suffered by the U.S.S. Pueblo fleet. equally vital need for establishing a sys or EC-121 reconnaissance plane. For the The submarines are from the Russian tematic plan for the future. Soviet warships, armed with defensive Northern Fleet and the other vessels are The bill which Mr. UDALL has intro weapons, also carry guided missiles from the Black Sea, where two U.S. destroy duced today is an excellent starting the potential for immediate and devas ers made a "show-the-flag" cruise last month point. I am very much in sympathy with without incident. tating retaliation against our civilian The submarines are described by the U.S. its provisions. This is a very controversial population centers. Navy as "the latest Soviet long-range diesel subject and I am certain that all of the Soviet warships displaying this pre powered torpedo attack submarines." They ramifications will be explored during his paredness for any eventuality, clearly are not armed with missiles. hearings on which he has a full schedule indicates the orders and reckless stance The fleet cruised in an umbrella-shaped this week. of the Kremlin. This being so, we can formation toward the southwest today, with I feel strongly that we should estab conclude, once again, that the Soviets the missile ships leading and the submarines lish a regular system for reviewing Fed following on the surface. No deck activity eral classified and postal pay schedules. have no regard for our sensibilities, and was noticeable and crewmen gave no indi will readily jeopardize the world com cation they were aware of the U.S. fi1ghts. His plan for a Federal Salary Commis munity opinion for peace. sion and a Board of Arbitration i::; are Many apparently would prefer to shut [From the Washington (D.C.) Evening Star, alistic approach and I support it. out this unpleasant reality. Our leaders July 12, 1969] As for the pay increase recommenda talk of peaceful coexistence, disarma SLOW BOAT TO CUBA: SIX RUSSIAN WARSHIPS tion in his bill, they certainly are well ment, and Soviet friendship. Yet, the LINGER IN APOLLO AREA thought out and may well be the ap Communists continue arming the North Soviet warships, ostensibly on their way proach we should take. I look forward Vietnamese, instigated capture of U.S. to keep a date in Cuba eight days from now, with intense interest to the remaining July 14, 1.969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19489 subcommittee hearings and executive de oil companies in the f o.rm of the deple great mischief has already been done. By liberations which will precede a recom tion allowance. The choked fury of the just advancing a proposal to eliminate the 1965 voting act, the administration has at mendation to our full committee. people over such injustice is now venting tacked the most important tool and symbol - itself in rebellion expressed as personal for those Americans, black and white, who are violence, as political extremism, as silent dedicated to a non-violent advancement of hatred, and alienation. civil rights. This is damaging enough, but it TAXREFORM: ACHALLENGETO It takes little sight and insight to is made more so by the mistrust it will engen THE CONGRESS grasp the physical, emotional, and psy der toward Washington. Is the White House chological wreckage that characterizes more interested in paying off political debts the great American urban centers. I have to southern supporters than ending the de HON. SHIRLEY CHISHOLM structive divisiveness at the root of our na tried to show you how our tax structure tion's troubles. OF NEW YORK has significantly contributed to such dis IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES asters. I have tried to convince you of Monday, July 14, 1969 the need for enacting far-reaching re forms to replace the mouthing of plati THE INCREDIBLE DREAM: A WALK Mrs. CHISHOLM. Mr. Speaker, we tudinous truisms. I plead for swift action. ON THE MOON-PART VI have heard enough pious rhetoric in this There is litJtle time left. representative body and in the admin istration about the crisis in our cities. HON. JOHN M. MURPHY We have heard expressions of noble sen OF NEW YORK timents of commitment to equal oppor A BLOW TO RACIAL AMITY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tunity, to quality education, to human Monday, July 14, 1969 dignity now absent in urban centers. HON. LESTER L. WOLFF Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. And while we stop to catch our breath Speaker, the object of Apollo 11 is to between outpourings of such idealism, OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES land two Americans on the moon. This we step out a side door to buy another historic achievement will mark day 1, lock for our doors, or another gun to Monday, July 14, 1969 year 1 of a new era. Was there ever any protect ourselves in the urban jungle. Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, the admin form of life on the moon? Is there some We do so because we live in what is form of life-no matter how insignifi becoming a garrison state, in cities being istration's decision to accept expiration of the Voter Registration Act has raised cant--there now? These and other ques destroyed by the savage brutality which tions are posed by Mr. Bloom in his ex they themselves have spawned. considerable and justifiable consterna tion among many including myself. I am cellent series leading to the blastoff of I do not propose, here and now, to dis firmly convinced that such action will be Apollo 11. Under leave to extend my re cuss the panoply of radical changes a significant blow to efforts to foster marks in the RECORD, I include his ar needed to heal our urban diseases. Let ticle on the beginning of a new era: me invite you, rather, to look hard and greater and firmly rooted racial justice practically with me at certain aspects in America. DAY 1, YEAR 1 OF THE NEW AGE: A WALK BY A June 28 editorial, in the fine Long THE DAWN'S EARLY LIGHT, SOME PICK AND of our present tax structure to determine Island Press has adequately expressed my SHOVEL WORK, COUNTDOWN FOR THE LoNG its disastrous effects on American cities. JOURNEY HOME It is such hard-headed thinking and views and the views of many other con cerned persons. Therefore, under leave (By Mark Bloom) honest questioning of bread-and-butter The objective of Apollo 11 is to land two issues that must replace our empty to extend my remarks, I include this editorial in the REcoRD: Americans on the moon. Its mission: to re ejaculations of good will coupled with turn 50 pounds of the Sea of Tranqu111ty to actions of planned impotence. A BLOW TO RACIAL AMITY the earth. Its purpose: to increase mankind's If one stands at the top of a very tall The Nixon administration's plan for new understanding of the universe, in which our building in almost any American city, voting rights legislation-presented to the planet is but a pinpoint. House Thursday by Attorney General John When Neil Armstrong and Edwin (Buzz) one sees the image of an urbanized N. Mitchell-does a disservice to the cause of Aldrin stride across 100 feet or so of the garbage pit. A walk through the poorer racial amity. moon, it will be the first time in the billions sections confirms this impression of in There can be no quarrel with the recom of years that the moon and earth have ex human density, unspeakable living con mendation to ban literacy tests and eliminate isted that human life will ctisturb the lunar ditions, pervasive filth. A major cause of state residency requirements for presidential surface. such horror is our property tax system, elections. But anyone sincerely interested in But how many billions of years have the in which land speculation has been en furthering racial peace and justice must be earth and moon existed? Are they the same couraged for many years-unimproved dismayed by a bill that would eliminate the age? Are they made of the same stuff? Do provisions of the Voting Act of 1965, which they have the same origins? Were they once land, held for a l{illing at some future has done so much to bring the vote to dis a single body? Was there ever water on the date, is taxed minimally; and housing franchished Negroes in the South. moon? improvements discouraged-taxes go up The bill would take the heat otf the very How were the lunar highlands formed? in proportion to assessed value. states that have done the most to deprive How ctid the "seas" take shape? What are the We must also reexamine the ex Negroes of their votes. origins of the craters? Are they the result of emptions granted to foundati-ons and As Chairman Emanuel Celler of the Judi bubbling volcanoes? Meteorite impacts? ciary Committee pointed out, "The 1965 act Why are most of the craters perfectly round? churches. Right now, about one-third of was drawn to reach the problem of voter Is there volcanic activity on the moon today property evaluation goes untaxed in New di·scrimination where it existed. To have a or is it cold and inert? York City because of such exemptions. I nationwide law to protect Negro voters is Was there ever any form of life on the recognize their validity in some degree. like trying to stop a flood in Mississippi by moon? Is there some form of life--no mat But for both practical and ethical rea building a dam in Idaho . . ." ter how insignificant-there now? sons, I think the benefits to foundations At a time when the 1965 act is only be These are the questions scientists on earth should be substantially reduced, and ex ginning to bring true democracy to the South, will attempt to begin answering with the help emptions to churches specifically regard Mr. Mitchell incredibly tells Congress that of the rocks brought back from the moon, while it "may have had sufficient justification together with some robot experiments left ing their commercial activities revoked. to pass regional legislation in the 1965 act, I on the moon by the Apollo 11 astronauts. Cities cannot afford such generosity. do not believe that this justification exists How can the moon answer questions about Finally, and probably most basically, any longer." the origin of the earth and the universe the American tax structure as a whole is On the contrary, it was never more justified. which cannot be answered by geologic studies unjust. People who earn an income below It has provided great hope--as evidenced in of the earth? Why are questions about the poverty level pay Government taxes the victory of Charles Evers in Mississippi moon important? while millionaires play on Florida is that sane, moderate forces can prevail. To Nobel Prize-winning chemist Harold C. lands. Workers sacrifice essential goods remove that hope is to cut the ground out Urey believes that right on the surface of the from under the very people who reject moon is evidence of the early days of the so that Lockheed can continue to receive violence and place their faith in the American solar system-evidence long destroyed on the a 7-percent investment credit. Other system. earth by erosion. middle class people tighten their belts Even if Congress rejects the administra "Since we know the age of the meteorites as the Government pays obeisance to the tion's proposal-as it most assuredly should- (on the earth) to be about 4Y:z billion years, 19490 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 14, 1969 this intense bombardment (on the moon) "porch"--a landing at the top of the nine Carrying out carefully practiced routines, very likely took place right a;t the beginning step ladder leading down to the surface. Armstrong and Aldrin set out two experi of the solar system-may indeed be a record In the official NASA "Apollo 11 Lunar Sur ments which will remain on the moon after of the accumulation of the earth and moon face Operation Plan," a document which they leave. from solid objects moving about the sun," employs frequent use of the word "method The experiments, known as the Early said Urey in a recent article. ical," Armstrong moves through the hatch, Apollo Scientific Experiment Package (pro But can Apollo 11 explain the fact that the and then checks "ingress procedure." In nounced E-Sap by the astronauts), oonsd.st moon's rotation on its own axis takes pre other words, he makes sure he can get back of a laser reflector and a seiS(lnometer. cisely the same length of time as one trip by inside the lunar module. The seismometer, which will send readings the moon around the earth, resulting in the Aldrin's job at this point is to play out the by radio signal back to earth for a year, may same side of the moon always facing the lunar equipment conveyor, a 60-foot-long, settle the argument as to whether the moon earth? one-inch-wide continuous loop strap. This is internally active, and could also monitor And can it explain the fact that the moon's will be used to lower a Hasselblad still camera meteorite impacts. It is so sensdtdve it may disk, a quarter of a million miles from earth, to the surface, and later, to raise the two actually measure footsteps taken by the eclipes perfectly the sun's disk-93 million critical containers filled with rocks. astronauts. miles from earth? Sixteen minutes after backing out of the By beaming laser light off the reflector, Perhaps. There is no way to predict the hatch, Armstrong starts down the ladder. But scientists hope to learn more about irregu results of fundamental science of the kind he only descends three steps before he stops larities in the rotation of both the earth Apollo 11 is searching out. to reach out and pull a highly important and the moon, and to determine the distance Since the moon has no effective atmos lanyard. from the earth to the moon down to less than phere, it has no wind or rain or clouds. It By pulling this lanyard, Armstrong opens a. foot. is this lack of weather-which would limit an equipment compartment at the base of A th1rd experdment, called a solar wind de erosion to meteorite hits, radiation and the the lunar module, exposing the lens of a tector, will be placed on the surface while the wash of volcanic lava-that has scientists so black-and-white television camera. At the astronauts are there and then brought back excited about finding a virtually untouched same time, Aldrin flips a switch inside the with them for analysis. reoord of the origin of the solar system. cabin to turn on the TV. The idea is an attempt to trap rare gases On the moon, gravity is only one-sixth as After 1.3 seconds-the time it takes light such as hell um, neon, argon, xenon and strong as it is on the earth. This means that to reach the earth from the moon-hundreds krypton-in their form as emissions from a 180-pound astronaut on the earth weighs of millions of people around the world will the sun in the so-called solar wind. a mere 30 pounds on the moon. If he can join the mission of Apollo 11. The first thing The device consists of a thin roll of alumi high jump six feet on the earth, he can make they see will be Armstrong's size 11 Y2 C num foil which will be unrolled like a win 36 feet up there. boots descending the final six steps. His boots dow shade, placed in direct sunlight for at But he won't at least not on Apollo 11. are l.3¥:! inches long, and five inches across least an hour, rolled back up and returned Every movement of man's first venture to at the widest point. to earth. This experiment has the lowest the moon's surface has been meticulously About 17 minutes after moving through priority of the three. planned to be slow, .deliberate and method the hatch, Armstrong reaches the base of the Once the "contingency sample" is tucked ical-with no experiments in high jumping ladder. But he still isn't on the moon, only into Armstrong's pocket, the crew uncases or anything of the kind. standing inside a 37-inch-wide bowl shaped two larger, specially designed boxes, designed The most important activity will be rock aluminum footpad. to bring some of the moon back to earth gathering. Two minutes later, after a final check to in a near vacuum, germ-free environment. The first attempt to land on the moon will make sure he can easily climb back to the One of the containers will be filled with begin 100 hours and 18 minutes after a first rung of the ladder, Armstrong steps at least 24 pounds of loose lunar material Saturn 5 booster hurls Armstrong, Aldrin backward out of the footpad onto the moon. soil and rocks-in a relatively haphazard and Michael Collins away from the earth. Armstrong's first assignment is to rest a style. As the bag is filled, a spring scale Leaving Collins in a 70-mile-high circular minute. As he does so, he reports his oxygen weighs what is going in. orbit in the Apollo command module, Arm and suit pressure, and tells earth control at The idea for this "bulk sample" is primar strong and Aldrin head down in the squat, Houston about the problems he may or may ily to gra.b as much of the moon as early as four-legged lunar module. not have had in moving in and out of the possible in case the walk has to be cut short. Touchdown is planned for 102 hours and hatch. Sevenrty minutes after Armstrong first 51 minutes after launch from Cape Ken Then he checks his balance in the strange emerges from the hatch, the "bulk sample" nedy, a gentle plunk on a smooth patch of one-sixth gravity, leaning forward, back is scheduled to have been packed and at ·the Sea of TranquiUty just a little to the ward and to one side. He reaches downward. tacked to the conveyor belt. east-northeast of dead center of the moon He tests the movement of his arms. If everything is still going well, the astro as you see it from earth. He begins to walk, checks his balance, nauts wiLl then begin getting ready for the For the next 21 hours and 27 minutes, the tries to determine a good pace, looks to see "documented sample"-about 24 pounds of moon will be populated. how deeply his boots penetrate the lunar soil, carefully selected rocks and soil. But the first 10 of these momentous hours, tests his traction, kicks the ground to see Unlike the bulk sample, where everything assuming everything goes well, will be al how the soil scatters and how much sticks is shoved into one bag before being placed in most as prosaic as a weekend in Philadelphia. to his boot. He reports on his general com the vacuum container, the "documented "Immediately following the landing, the fort, how much difficulty he is having-if sample" collection involves picking an inter first thing we do is get ready to go back any. He rests again. esting rock, describing lrti, photographing it again," said Aldrin at a recent news con About six minutes after stepping onto the and then placing it in an individually num ference. moon, Armstrong removes a "contingency bered bag. "The way the trajectory of the two ve sample container" from his pocket. He im The schedule calls for the astronauts to hicles (the lunar module and the orbiting mediately begins to collect about two pounds complete this methodical, tedious process command module) t._urns out, there is a of lunar rock and soil-to make sure that if about two hours and 10 minutes after Arm very favorable opportunity to launch . two the walk on the surface has to be cut short, strong first emerged. minutes after touchdown." Apollo 11 will have something to show for At this point, man's first excursion on the Eight minutes later, there is another the trt·p. lunar surface will be drawing to a close, and chance to launch from the moon. He extends the container handle--in Aldrin climbs back up into the lunar mod Assuming this emergency launch is not much the same way a portable radio antenna ule. necessary, the astronauts continue a full is pulled out-opens the sterile bag and Armstrong passes the bulk sample con scale checkout to make ready for another scoops up some of the moon. Then he de tainer up to Aldrin, followed by the docu launch two hours after touchdown. taches the bag from the handle, tosses the mented sample container. Then, 2 hours and And if everything still looks good, Arm handle away, seals the bag, and puts it back 35 minutes after emerging, Armstrong climbs strong and Aldrin will finally settle down for in his pocket. the ladder and reenters the lunar module a long, lunar day, which began shortly be By this time Armstrong will have been cabin. Five minutes later, the cabin is fore and wm last two weeks. outside for 30 minutes. snapped shut. The first step is to eat a meal, which is Next he extends the conveyor line to its But the visit of Apollo 11 to the moon's planned to take 35 minutes. full 60-foot length. Aldrin then passes the surface is not yet over. For the next hour, The second step is to rest, actually sleep camera down to the surface, and Armstrong the crew checks the lunar module to make if possible for four hours. attaches it to his suit. sure all is still functioning well. Then they The third step is to have another meal, Now it is Aldrin's turn to move through have another meal, followed by about five scheduled for one hour. the hatch and climb down the ladder. hours of rest. Then another meal, and pre And finally they start getting ready for Just after Aldrin reaches the surface, Arm launch checks. the step the world has been waiting for strong returns to the storage bay, removes Finally, after more than 21 hours on the when man actually places his foot upon the the TV camera, and sets it up on a tripod moon, they blast off toward rendezvous and moon. 40 feet away, allowing full TV coverage of linkup with the lunar orbiting mothercraft- Almost 10 hours after landing, Armstrong the rest of the excurSiion. the only way home. pops open the forward hatch of the lunar Now, with both men on the surface, the Just oyer 135 hours after leaving Cape Ken module and slithers out backwards onto the serious scientific busaness begins. nedy, the Apollo 11 astronauts, half of their July 14, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19491 lunar module left on the moon and the other Furey has been appointed to succeed But even without this information the half discarded after linkup with the com Archbishop Robert E. Lucey as head of Poles should have been alerted from widely mand module, head back to earth. Carrying publicized news about the ship's cargo. the most valuable rocks man has ever pos the archdiocese of San Antonio. Arch sessed, the astronauts are due to splash down bishop Furey has been spiritual leader of MOVING TO ROTTERDAM in the Pacific southwest of Hawall after a the Catholic church in San Bernardino She spent two days in the Polish port, and mission of eight days, three hours and 17 · County and the diocese of San Diego left yesterday for Rotterdam, to where the minutes. since 1963. pursu.i·t has now been switohed. But in the Pacific, a new double-barrelled The fact that an attempt was made to During his administration Archbishop carry Rhodesi.an tobacco to East European phase of Apollo 11 begins: the first to make Furey was responsible for the implemen sure the mission does not boomerang, the countries indicated the probable exiSJtence of second to make sure it pays off with every tation of the church and school facilities willing buyers of embargoed Rhodesian possible scrap of scientific information. in San Barnardino County and the dio goods there. On the extremely unlikely chance that the cese of San Diego. He has consistently Meanwhile, pursuit oontJin ued in Indian lunar terrain supports some microscopic life promoted Christian charity to all in San Ocean ports of tWlO ships-the Archon and which h:as somehow thrived despite its bleak Bernardino Councy through the develop the Massimoeme-suspected of trying to un surroundings, extreme quarantine measures load 4000 tons of Rhodesdan ferro-chrome ment of Catholic social services. originally loaded on board the Blue Sky, will be taken to protect the world against an Archbishop Furey was among the first invading germ for which we have no defense. flying the Li'berta.n flag, l'ast February. The astronauts don "germ-free" garments, bishops in the United States to organize This cargo, also worth about $700,000, has smear themselves with iodine solution, ride and encourage a senate of diocesan now been pW"&ued half-way round the world. rope baskets to a helicopter (whose pilot rides priests to advise him in his duties. At present some of it has succeeded only in in special "germ-protective" section) and zip Archbishop Furey has already been getting back to its original starting polnt over to the recovery carrier. There, a huge recognized for his efforts to promote co Lourenco-Marques in Mozambique. The like isolation trailer, called a Mobile Quarantine lihood is that this is merely a transit stop operation and good will among people of preparatory to a new effort to break the Fac111ty, awaits them. all faiths and races. I am proud to offer By ship, truck, plane and truck, the astro sanctions cordon-possibly by shipping it to nauts never leave this specially fitted-out this additional tribute to Archbishop J·apan. trailer, a combination living quarter-hospi Furey for the contributions he has made Ferro-chrome is one of the embargoed tal, until they reach the $8.5 mlllion Lunar to the lives of the people of San Bernar items. It is an important Rhodesian export Receiving Laboratory at the Manned Space dino County. and is worth betwen $180 and $187 a ton. craft Center in Houston. Immediately after the U.N. Sanctions There they will remain for three weeks Committee was informed about the move from the moment they left the moon-un ments of the Blue Sky; it sought the coopera RHODESIAN CARGO-A STORY IN tion of Greece, Yugoslavia, Liberia, Italy, less, of course, they show signs of disease, ADVENTURE or unusue.l organisms are found in the rocks. Portugal, France and Spain to prevent her Then there's no telHng how long they'll be from unloading the cargo, or to confiscate it there. HON. JOHN R. RARICK under the terms laid down by the Security From the moment they enter the mobile Council. trailer, any person who comes in conta.c·t OF LOUISIANA BLUE SKY DODGES with the astronauts musrt also go into quar IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES For six weeks the Blue Sky found herself under close observation as she dodged from antine. The same is true for any person who Monday, July 14, 1969 touches a rock. port to port. Unable to break out of the cor At the receiving l·ab, which has almost as Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, the Lon don of intelligence, she finally unloaded her many laboratories as there are sciences, the don Observer carries the romantic story valuable cargo in Lisbon in Mid-March. astronauts will take flight controllers of ships loaded with fabulous merchan The Portuguese and the South Africans through a moment-by-moment a~ount of are the only two members of the United Na the journey. At the same time, physicians dise from Rhodesia being pursued all tions who do not cooperate in enforcing man will run the crew through exhaustive tests. over the seas. datory economic sanctions. To avoid any poss1b111ty of biological leak At the same time missile-loaded Soviet In April, British agents learned that 1000 age to the outside world, all isolation areas warships cruise oft' the U.S. coast-with tons of the ferro-chrome omoaded by the of the receiving lab will be at a sl1ghtly lower no one in pursuit. Blue Sky in Lisbon had been picked up by air pressure than outside. Thus, nothing can But then, UNO reasoning can only an Italian ship, the Hierax, which was headed leak out, only in. find a threat to world peace from the for Yugoslavia. The balance of the cargo re In short, the space agency would rather merchant ships. Perhaps because the mained stored in Lisbon. have the world contaminate the rocks than Through the cooperation of Yugosalvia, the rocks contaminate the world. Rhodesian ships are unarmed. Italy, France and Spain, the Hierax was pre The rocks themselves, the raison d'etre of The cargoes of Rhodesian tobacco and vented from discharging her cargo, which the Apollo project, get their first examina ferrochrome are marketable and in de finally went into storage in Barcelona. tion from a team of 15 leading scientists, mand. The UNO and Britain praise in There, for the time being, the pursuit of called the preliminary evaluation team. ternational free trade and free water the Blue Sky's ferro-chrome ended. But, by They include three physicists, two organic ways, yet they impose warlike blockades then, the profit of the sanctions-busting chemists, four mineralogists, two geochem merely because of the origin of the cargo. deal had long since been spent in charter ists, one geophysicist, a biologist, a micro ing ships and dodging in and out of Euro biologist and a bacteriologist. Again the world community beholds pean ports. Shielded by windows from actual contact the UNO-not Rhodesia-overreacting NEW STRATEGY with the rocks as they work, the prelimi to become the threat to world peace. The sanctions-busters spent the next two nary team will make the first basic studies Mr. Speaker, I include the column months trying to devise new stratagems for of the rocks, and decide which rocks go to from the London Observer: beating the sanctions cordon. Their task has which primary investigators. SHIP WITH RHODESIA CARGO SLIPS OUT OF been made even more difficult because the After 60 days of study and isolation, the POLAND ferro-chrome had become too "hot" to han dle in the European market, largely due to rocks will be distributed to 146 teams of pri (By Oolin Legum) mary investigators across the Unl ted States cooperation between U.N. members. and in nine foreign countries. LoNDON, July 12.-The Polish govern It is now known that on June 12 the ferro At this point, the receiving lab will get set ment has allowed a sanction-busting cargo chrome was picked up by two separate ships. for another influx of samples. Apollo 12, ship to sUp through its fingers, thus denying The Archon, registered in Greece, loaded man's second landing on the moon, is set the U.N. Sanctions Committee a major ooup the 3000 tons left in Lisbon and sailed for for December. in the international embargo against Rlho South Africa. Once at sea, she changed her desian goods. name to the Nlkolas-L. The Goodwill, a Cyprus-registered ship, is thought to be carrying $700,000 worth of ARCHBISHOP FUREY APPOINTED TO Rhodesian tobacco with probably falsdfl.ed SUCCEED ARCHBISHOP LUCEY papers about the origin of its cargo, which CAPTIVE NATIONS WEEK was reportedly not unloaded in Poland. Her destination was originally slated to be HON. JERRY L. PETTIS Rlostock in East Germany. Last Tuesday HON. WILLIAM S. BROOMFIELD she sailed into Stettin, Poland, and the OF MICHIGAN OF CALIFORNIA Sanctions Committee asked the Poles to act IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES under a Security Oouncil resolution that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, July 14, 1969 bars U.N. members from receiving most · Monday, July 14, 1969 goods from Rhodesia, in an attempt to Mr. PETTIS. Mr. Speaker, an eminent bring to its knees the British oolony which Mr. BROOMFIELD. This year marks church leader, Archbishop Francis J. declared its independence in 1965. the 11th anniversar·y of the Captive 19492 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 14, 1969 Nations Week. Since 1958 the Captive his untiring efforts to work patiently and The moot recent broadside was hurled by Nations Resolution has been passed effectively under the democratic process the powerful National Wlld.llfe Fedemtion in a recent issue of "Conservation News." The unanimously by both Houses of Congress. to bring to bear upon every American conservation orga.n12'lation cited the program The fate of the people in the captive the full meaning of the Constitution's of federal grants to muntcipa.liities fOl' new nations is a sad commentary in the his Bill of Rights. waste treatment pla.nrt construction as the tory of nations. More than 100 million In his many years of service he has pl!ace where "the credibllity g.ap began and people in central, eastern, and southern been one of the leading activists to make is widening." Europe have been swallowed up 1n the Government more responsive to the When the W81ter pollurtion control program jaws of communism. The independent needs of the black, poor, and oppressed was started by Oongress in 1956, with modest citizens. His record of suooess is truly appropriations, it was so successful in stim nations of the Baltic-Estonia, Latvia, ulating urgerutly needed sewage treatment and Lithuania-in the early forties were remarkable, but then he is a remarkable faciLities thSJt appropriations were increased. taken behind the Iron Curtain. Despite man. in 1961, 1965, and age.in in 1966, the news the loss of freedom, the Soviets have been letter points out. Evidence of the success is unsuccessful in their efforts to delete and the fact that as of March, 1969, the program destroy the culture and love of freedom PUBLIC CLAMOR IS GROWING FOR bad aided construction of 9,151 waste treat inherent in the hearts of these Baltic ACTION ON POLLUTION ment projects costing about $5.7 bUlion, with peoples. the federal investment of only $1.3 billion. The projects upgraded some 74,000 miles of We should be continuously reminded water serving an estimated 73.8 milMon of the great sacrifices these people in the HON. JAMES J. HOWARD peopl·e. captive nations have had to endure and OF NEW JERSEY In 1966, when the Congi~ess increased its to pledge a rededication to those ideals of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES authOl'izations for additional ·approprLations, freedom upon which this country was it was generally accepted that the move rep founded. Together with other free coun Monday, July 14, 1969 resented a federal obligation to those cirties tries we must seek to guarantee that such Mr. HOWARD. Mr. Speaker, I would and states that had adopted s'trliot water qual.ity stand!a.rds and laws to enforce them violations must not happen again. like to commend for my colleagues pe as a means of forcing munioipallties and To those who need to establish their rusal and consideration, an article from industries to clean up their own sources of faith in our Nation today and where we the Asbury Park Sunday Press, of July pollution. stand for peace and justice, may well 6, 1969. One of the most critical prob The federartion notes th'