(HAP) ARNOLD - JUNE 25, 1886 - JANUARY 15, 1950 BY: ESTES G, HAWKES It Was Almost Twenty Years Ago That I First Had the Pleasure of Visiting Mrs

Home , Order of Boyaca, Order of the Aztec Eagle

lyn had been chasing and destroying the capital ships, the rest of the Americans had annihilated all the destroyers and gun boats of the Spanish Fleet.

Captain Evans of the Iowa said of his men in his report to Sch- ley that : "So long as the enemy showed his flag, they fought like American seamen, but when the flag came down they were as gentle and tender as American Women."*6 Many acts of heroism were performed by the men of the Flying Squadron. The sailors braved shark infested waters and blazing ships to rescue the Spanish seamen. Admiral Cervera himself com- plimented the men on their compassion for their enemies.

*6 M. Leech. In the Days of McKinley. (New York, 1959) p313.

SOURCES: Dulles, Foster Rhea: The United States Since 1865. Ann Arbor; University of Michigan Press; 1959. Knox, Dudley W.: A History of the United States Navy. New York; G.P. Putnam’s Sons; 1948. Leech, Margaret: In the Days of McKinley. New York: Harper’s Brothers: 1959. Malone, Dumas and Basil Rauch: Empire for Liberty. New York; Appleton-Century- Crofts, Inc.; 1960. Pratt, Fletcher: The Compact History of the United States Navy. New York; Hawthorne Books Inc.; 1957. Schley, Winfield Scott: Forty-five Years Under the Flag. New York; D. Appleton and Co.; 1904. Sullivan, Mack: Our Times-The Turn of the Century. New York; Charles Scribner’s Sons; 1927.

THE DECORATIONS, ORDERS AND MEDALS OF GENERAL OF THE AIR FORCE HENRY H, (HAP) ARNOLD - JUNE 25, 1886 - JANUARY 15, 1950 BY: ESTES G, HAWKES It was almost twenty years ago that I first had the pleasure of visiting Mrs. Henry H. Arnold, who very kindly asked me to cata- logue har late husband’s awards. Mrs. Arnold recently passed away at 91 years of age and, as was her wish, General Arnold’s orders and medals have been given to the Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

The Academy was a lifetime dream of General Arnold’s, and it was largely through his tireless efforts that it was at last realized. It is fitting that these mementos of his military career should rest there.

These medals are especially interesting because of their ties with aviation history, and for the variety of honors given to Gen- eral Arnold by the grateful nations of the world, in recognition of his leadership and his contributions to aviation. They cover a career of more than forty years of military service. Although they probably will not be displayed that way at the Academy, the medals when I first saw them were in a special cabinet made to hold them. This glass-topped oak cabinet with four velvet-lined drawers was given to General Arnold by his staff in Washington D.C. upon his retirement in 1946, and bears a silver plaque to that effect. The awards it contained are as follows: 22 U,S, AWARDS

1. DISTINGUISHED SERVICE MEDAL, with two oak leaf clus- ters, numbered 10145. Engraved: Henry H. Arnold. 2. DISTINGUISHED SERVICE MEDAL, numbered 2447. Not engraved. This low number indicates (to me) that it was aWorld War I award. He returned from France in 1918 as a colonel and deputy to General Billy Mitchell. 3. LEGION OF MERIT. Engraved: H. H. Arnold. 4. DISTINGUISHED FLYING CROSS, numbered 161. Engraved: H.H. Arnold. This decoration is somewhat thicker than the presently issued cross, and was manu- factured by Aug. C. Frank. The numbering on the reverse is quite large, approximately three fifths to three quarters of an inch high. 5. AIR MEDAL, engraved Lieut. Gen. H. H. Arnold, U.S.A. 6. VICTORY MEDAL (W.W.I.) Bars: Meuse-Argonne Oise-Aisne Defensive Sector

7, A~IERICAN DEFENSE MEDAL. 8. AMERICAN THEATER CAMPAIGN MEDAL. 9. PACIFIC THEATER CAMPAIGN MEDAL. I0. EUROPE AND MIDDLE EASTERN CAMPAIGN MEDAL. Ii. VICTORY MEDAL (W.W.II.) 12. CLARENCE H. MACKAY MEDAL, 1912. Engraved on reverse: "Won by Lieut. H. H. Arnold." 13. CLARENCE H. MACKAY MEDAL, 1934. Engraved on reverse: "Lieut. Col. H, H. Arnold Commanding U. S. Army Alaskan Flight." Bar on ribbon reads: "Brig. Gen. H. H. Arnold, A.C. Commanding Officer, U.S. Army Alaskan Flight." He was promoted in 1934 from Lieutenant Colonel to Brigadier General. I be- lieve he was the only individual to win the Mac- kay Medal twice. 14. MILITARY AVIATOR’S GOLD BADGE. The certificate from the Signal Corps awards the Avia£or’s Badge to Lieutenant H. H. Arnold, July 5, 1912. 15. EXPERT MARKSMAN BADGE Bars: Pistol - D Rifle

FOREIGN ORDERS (Grand Cross Sets) i. ORDER OF THE BATH (England). 2. LEGION OF HONOR (France). 3. ORDER OF AERONAUTICAL MERIT (Brazil). 4. ORDER OF ORANGE-NASSAU, with swords (Netherlands). 5. ORDER OF VASCO NUNEZ DE BALBOA (Panama). 6. ORDER OF THE SWORD (Sweden). 7. OUISSAM ALAOUIT CHERIFIEN (Morocco). 8. ORDER OF THE AZTEC EAGLE (Mexico). 23 9. MILITARY ORDER OF ITALY (Italy). I0. ORDER OF GEORGE I (Greece). ii. ORDER OF THE CROWN (Belgium). 12. ORDER OF THE SUN OF PERU (Peru). 13. ORDER OF MILITARY MERIT (Chile).

(Other Orders, Etc.) i. ORDER OF ABDON CALDERON, ist Class Ecuador). 2. ORDER OF BOYACA, Grand Officer (Columbia). 3. ORDER OF MILITARY MERIT, Ist Class (Mexico). 4. CROSS OF MILITARY MERIT, ist Class (Guatemama). 5. NATIONAL ORDER OF THE SOUTHERN CROSS, Type If, Commander (Brazil). 6. CROSS OF AVIATION, Ist Class (Peru). 7. CROIX DE GUERRE, with Palm (France). 8. CROIX DE GUERRE, with Palm (Belgium).

Family records show that General Arnold also received the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Cloud and Banner from China, but its whereabouts is unknown at present.

CORRECTION: BY: WILLIAM C, BEAL Reference to: The Medal Collector, June 1980 article about the awards of Admiral Richard Kelly Turner U.S. Navy.

I could be wrong, maybe the Navy does it differently, but the rotation of ribbons on the Admiral’s uniform were mounted wrongly. Decorations first, awards second, Campaign medals third & foreign medals last.

Campaign medals listed in the order of their service. One other thing, the Admiral would also have earned the World War II Victory medal which is not included in the group shown.

I think Mr. Jones should have researched the orders of prefer- ence as to the mounting even though another person composed the ribbon bank on the uniform. On the other hand, it just might be the way the Navy does things.

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