Hieroglyphic Texts from Egyptian Stelae

Home , Serekh, Wash (pharaoh)

3 1162 04539968 1

BRITISH MUSEUM

HIEROGLYPHIC TEXTS FROM EGYPTIAN STELAE ETC.

PARTI SECOND EDITION

EDITED BY

T. G.H.JAMES ISTANT KEEPER IN THE DEPARTMENT OF EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES

PUBLISHED BY THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM LONDON 1961 D D D D D D

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BRITISH MUSEUM

HIEROGLYPHIC TEXTS FROM EGYPTIAN STELAE ETC.

PART I SECOND EDITION

EDITED BY

T. G. H.JAMES ASSISTANT KEEPER IN THE DEPARTMENT OF EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES

PUBLISHED BY THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM LONDON 1961 Sold at THE BRITISH MUSEUM

and by

Bernard Quaritch Ltd., 1 1 Grafton Street

London, W. 1

Cambridge University Press, 200 Eiiston Road

London, N. W. 1

Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., Ltd.

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H.M. Stationery Office, York House, Kingswav London, W.C. 2

Fine Arts -\ TJ

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PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN iT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS, OXFORD BY VIVIAN RIDLER PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY PREFACE

The texts published in this volume have been copied by Mr. T. G. H. James, Assistant Keeper in the Department, who has also prepared the descriptions of the

sculptures on which they are inscribed. They include all the material of their class dating from the Old Kingdom now in the possession of the Museum. Seventy-five of these texts were published in the First edition of Hieroglyphic Texts in the British

Museum, Part I, a work which has been out of print for many years; eleven of the remainder were included in Part VI of the same publication, and twenty-four are published in this series for the first time. In the course of his re-collation of the published texts, Mr. James, with the aid of comparative material which was not available to his predecessors, has been able to add many new readings and to correct passages which had been misunderstood. Because of the palaeographic interest of Old Kingdom signs, which the standard

hieroglyphic fount could not reproduce, the plates in this volume have been traced by hand from photographs and collated with the originals. Some of the sculptures have suffered from the action of salt, and in consequence hieroglyphic signs, which could be seen in the first decade of this century when the previous edition was prepared, have now crumbled away. It has been considered preferable to show, in these cases, only the text now visible. An innovation, which has been prompted by the time which must elapse before it will be possible to prepare complete indexes to this series, is the addition of indexes of the personal names and ofticial titles occurring in the texts published in this volume.

I. E. S. EDWARDS Department of Egyptian Antiquities 2 March 1961

DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES

PLATE I

1. Relief of Z.--////^ (^Z^- 691

Material. Pinkish sandstone. Provenance. Wadi Magharah, Sinai.

Dimensions. 0-33 m. /?., 0-41 m. w. Date. Third Dynasty.

Presented by the Egypt Exploration Fund, 1905.

Part of a tablet carved in rather rough, low relief. What remains shows the King Sanakhte, wearing the red crown of Lower Egypt, on the point of slaying a beduin; before the figure of the king is his name in a serekh and, farther to the right, the standard of Wepwawet. The figure of the god is now lost.

Preservation. Fair; no colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 3; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. vn, p. 340; fkrny. Inscriptions of Sinai, ii, p. 56.

2. Panel of Rr-htp C^). 1242 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Meydum.

Dimensions. 0-79 m. //., M7 m. u'. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1898.

Panel from the false door in the tomb of Rahotpe (see Petrie, Medum, pi. xiii).

The deceased is shown seated on a simple, bull-legged, backless chair, one hand clasped on his chest and the other extended towards an offering-table carrying half- loaves of bread. The names of conventional oflFerings are written above the table and below it to one side of the stand. To the right of this scene is a standard offering- list of the early type. The name and titles of the deceased are written in larger signs on both sides of and above the main scene.

The list contained in 1277 (Plate ii, 3) originally belonged to the same wall as this panel, see Petrie, loc. cit. The small panels 1273 and 1274 (Plate ii, 1 and 2) also come from the same tomb, cf. Petrie, op. cit., pi. xii.

Preservation. The lower right-hand corner has been broken away from the main panel (now plastered back into position); otherwise the condition of the piece is excellent. The disappearance of almost all colour has revealed the full quality of the fine relief, in particular the details of the hieroglyphs. When copied by Petrie most of the colour existed; now there are traces only of black on the wig, of a yellowish -= brown on the flesh of the figure and on the hieroglyphs |^, ^, and in the top line. Originally Rahotpe was represented wearing a long leopard-skin garment.

Bibliography. H.T. i^, pi. 20; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iv, p. 91 ; Schafer and Andrae, Die Kunst des alien Orients, p. 235. PLATE II

1 and 2. Panels of Bw-nfr 1274, 1273 (J J, 3- 1274:

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Meydum.

Dimensions. 0-59 m. //., 0-58 m. w. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1898.

This panel, with its companion (1273), was originally set in front of the tomb of Rahotpe at Meydum. Both are carved with a single line of text in rather coarse rehef, containing the titles and name of Bunefer, a prince, otherwise unknown. In B.M. Guide (Sculpture), pp. 21-22, they are described as coming from Giza and were so assigned in Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 67. Meydum is, however, certain, cf. Petrie, Medum, pi. xii; also Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iv, p. 91.

Preservation. The limestone is in good condition but some of the signs are damaged. The panel has been broken into a number of pieces, now rejoined. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 28; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 67 (see above), and iv, p. 91.

1273: Material Limestone. Provenance. Meydum.

Dimensions. 0-61 m. //., 0-58 m. w. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1898.

A companion piece to 1274 above, q.v.

Preservation. Good with the exception of the bottom left-hand corner which is lost; a few signs are damaged. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 28; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 67 (!,ee above), and iv, p. 91.

3. Block from tomb of Rc-htp. Mil Material Limestone. Provenance. Meydum.

Dimensions. 1-05 m. //., 0-63 m. u-., 0-22 m. thick. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1898.

This block formed part of the false door wall in the tomb of Rahotpe at Meydum to which the panel 1242 also belonged; cf. Petrie, Medum, pi. xiii, B.M. Guide

(Sculpture), p. 19, says 'from Gizah' incorrectly. The upper part of the inscription contains the names of fifteen pieces of furniture which formed part of the funerary equipment of the tomb. At the bottom are the beginnings of three lines containing the names of sacred ointments. The left-hand side of the slab carries fragments of

signs from which the title and name of the owner of the tomb can be read. The signs on this block are well carved with much detail, but are not quite as fine as those on the central panel 1242.

Preservation. The surface and signs are well preserved but the edges of the block are damaged. No colour remains; there was clearly much colour preserved when the tomb was found, cf. Petrie, loc. cit.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 19; Mariette, Monuments divers, pi. 19; Petrie, Medum, pi. xiii; cf. Porter

AND Moss, Top. Bibl. iv, p. 91. PLATE III

Slabs from the tomb of Iry ([."iM^i)

1. Slab with figure of 7/t. 1169

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 1-13 m. //., 0-44 m. u-. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1896.

Panel carved in fine, low relief with a figure of Iry who is shown standing and holding a staff and sceptre: above the figure are two lines of text containing his name and titles.

This slab with its three companion slabs 1168, 1170. and 1171 are described as

coming from Giza in B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 13 f: H.T. i\ p. 9, says 'From the

necropolis of Memphis'; Porter and Moss, Top. BihI. in, p. 203, says 'probably from Saqqara'.

Preservation. Good. There is still much red paint on the body of Iry and on that of

the hieroglyph f%^ ; the eyebrow and eye are outlined in black and the pupil is painted red. No other colour survives.

Bibliography. H.T. i'. pi. 17; Portkr and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 203.

2. Slab with figures of 7n- and Int (ji T). 1 171 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 0-71 m. //., 0-63 m. if. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1896.

Finely carved low relief panel with representations of Iry and his wife Inet seated on either side of an offering-table bearing stylized half-loaves of bread. Above the

table is an enumeration of common food- and drink-offerings. At the top is a line

of text naming the two persons; in the line at the bottom there is a standard offering- formula.

Preservation. Good. The only surviving colour is the black on the wigs of the two people.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pi. 16: Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 203.

3. Slab with figure of Iry. 1 168

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 0-95 m. /;., 0-51 m. w. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1896.

The slab is carved in fine low relief with a representation of Iry, wearing a leopard- skin and holding a staff and a sceptre. There are also five smaller representations

of men, possibly sons of Iry: Nnk {\\^, Nfr-ssm-nsw (|^^~-8), Ith ((1^=1), the scribe Kf{i)-nfr i^Wz) and 7ry-nds (fl^^^^). Preservation. Good. The wig, eyebrow, eye, and pupil of the main figure are painted black; no other traces of colour remain.

Bibliography. H.T. iS pi. 16; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 203. .

4. Slab with figure of Int. 1 170

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 1-05 m. //., 0-50 m. ii'. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1896.

The principal figure represents Inet, the wife of Iry, who is shown wearing a long closely fitting dress and a heavy wig with a fillet. In front are smaller figures of three women and one boy, possibly the children of Inet: Inti-ndst (J™J^), Hpti{%'^\), Hntt-knvs (fffilT^P) ^"^ K<'p-nsw (^^„^=^^d). At the top of the slab are two lines containing a standard funerary formula. The whole is carved in very fine, low relief.

Preservation. Good ; there is a crack running across the top left-hand corner. The semicircular cut at the top right-hand corner probably indicates the position of a door-drum which originally ran at right angles to the slab. The only surviving colour is the black on Inet's wig.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pi. 16; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 203.

PLATE IV

1 False door with figure of Br-tti {JZ^,1\). 1 1 65 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 1-31 m. //., 0-65 m. ii\ Date. Fourth-Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1896.

This piece, which is unfinished, consists of a false door with a niche containing a figure in very high relief (almost a free-standing statue) of the deceased Ba^teti.

The drum is inscribed and, in part, carved with the name of the deceased; the lintel carries no traces of text; the two jambs originally bore drawn representations of people, probably relatives, in attitudes of adoration or offering. On the right jamb can still be seen traces of three male figures; on the left are traces of two figures and a few hieroglyphic signs. The statue is moderately well carved.

In B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 20, it is said to come from Saqqara and this provenance is given in Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, pp. 199-200. Precise records of provenance are wanting.

Preservation. Good, apart from the loss of the ink inscriptions and figures in outline.

The niche is painted red and the figure in high relief has a black wig, red flesh, and yellow colour on the left flap of the loincloth.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 29; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, pp. 199-200.

2. Slab with figure of r// (r^l))- 1161

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 0-73 m. //., 0-36 m. \v. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1895.

This slab bears a finely carved, low relief figure of the lady Tjetji who is shown wearing a long, tightly fitting dress and a heavy wig. In B.M. GiiUlc (Sculpture), p. 19, Giza is given as the source of this piece; so too

Porter and Moss, Top. BihI. in, p. 67. Confirmatory information for this provenance

is wanting.

Preservation. Good. There is no colour.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pi. 29; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 67.

3. Slab from a mastaba. 430 Materia/. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. 0-43 m. //., 1-38 m. \v. Date. Fourth-Fifth Dynasty.

Presented by the Earl of Bute, 1 767.

This slab, which is carved in good, low relief, contains the lowest register and part of the register above from a wall exhibiting scenes of ofTering and the preparation of sacrifices. The bottom register contains representations of the ritual slaying and

dismemberment of four oxen. Above is the lower half of a register which contained

figures of offering-bearers. In front of each figure is a raised panel where the name

of the person shown should have been carved in low relief. Three names only have

been scratched roughly on panels 1, 2, and 6: Nfr-ihy (?) (I^ffll), Hm (in] and 7r/-5/;((l--f^P~).

Preservation. Good, apart from a very few slightly damaged areas.

Bibliography. H.T. \i, pi. 16; Guide (Sculpture), p. 22.

PLATE V

Fragments from the tomb of K>(i)-tp (uij;)

In addition to the three slabs described below the British Museum possesses three

other pieces from the tomb of Kaitep: 1 181, a seated pair-statue of Kaitep and his wife Hetepheres, cf. B.M. Guide to the Egyptian Collections (1930), p. 260 and fig. 143; for texts see H.T. vi, pi. 19; 27339, an uninscribed limestone ofTering-stand, and 27340, a similar oflTering-stand inscribed with the titles and name hm-ntr Hwfw wb nsw Ki{i)-tp. In B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 6, Giza is given as the site of the tomb. In H.T. i^ p. 7, it is vaguely located in 'the necropolis of Memphis'.

Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 203, has 'probably from Saqqara'. No precise information is available, but in view of the fact that Kaitep was a hm-ntr Hwfw it is probable that his tomb was at Giza.

1. Slab of /:>•(/)-//?. 1173

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza (?).

Dimensions. 0-28 m. //., 0-68 m. w. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1896.

This block preserves part of a text which included a list of feasts on the days on which offerings were to be made to Kaitep. On the left-hand side is a representation

of Kaitep, seated. The whole is carved in good, sunk relief.

Preservation. Good. No colour is preserved.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pi. 9; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. m, p. 203. 2. Slab of Kii)-tp. 1174

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza (?).

Dimensions. 0-51 m. //., 0-85 m. w. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1896.

The upper part of a false door with incomplete texts and representations in good, sunk relief. The central panel was no doubt intended to hold a representation of the deceased, seated at an offering-table; the names of some of the standard ofTerings have been inscribed. On the left is a standing figure of the A: .--servant 'Iljw (t)©^) oflFering a vessel; on the right, a similar figure of the steward and A:v-servant Sn-nw (1=^) offering incense. The texts at the bottom preserve one complete offering- formula and the beginning of a further standard offering-formula.

Preservation. Good ; no colour.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 9; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 203.

3. False door of /:.(/)-//7. 1288

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza (?).

Dimensions. 1-16 m. //., 0-88 m. vf. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1896.

The lower part of a false door with five vertical lines of text on the central and four side-panels, containing the name and titles of Kaitep. On the outer panels on both sides are representations of the deceased supporting himself on his staff. The whole, which is carved in fair, sunk relief, is unfinished ; as is demonstrated in particular by some of the signs on the central panel which are not fully cut and also by the figures. Perhaps the panel 1 1 74 was placed originally above this piece.

Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 9; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. ni, p. 203.

PLATE VI

False door from the tomb of 77/ (^'1). 157a

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza.

Dimensions. 2-34 m. //., 1-77 m. ii'. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased in 1834 at the sale of the Salt collection.

Above the door are two palace-fagade representations between which is a panel

bearing a scene in which Tjetji and his wife Dbt (= Ji<^) are shown seated on either side of an offering-table; the names of standard food- and drink-offerings are written

above and below the table. Underneath is part of a single line of text containing the

titles and names of Tjetji and Debet. Only the lower parts of the principal side- panels of the door are preserved; they are occupied by standing figures of the two

deceased persons. On the left is Tjetji shown wearing full dress with leopard-skin

robe, attended by three children; at the top his grandson Pth-wsr ( ° |iP<=>), below, ©g5 |^c=i) his son, Wfs-Hc-f-rr (( and, clutching Tjetji's staff, his eldest son, Wr-ir-n(}) (^^). On the right Debet is shown accompanied by two boys and

three women: in front, her son (?) z^-f ( *) ^^^ her grandson

77/-«^i(^(l^) ; behind are two daughters, both called Nfrt-lv-Hr-f-rr ((©^^iTf), and a granddaughter lVr:t-k'U' (l^^[ju). The whole doorway is carved in very fine, sunk rehef with good modeUing of the figures, careful forms for the hieroglyphs and fine detail.

Preservation. The surface is much worn and very pitted with small holes; there is surface some deterioration due to salting. Some traces of paint remain : part of the

palace-fagade detail is picked out in black and red on the right and left at the top; the colours are especially well preserved on the left; the cross-pieces are painted black with red on the intervening surfaces; the wigs of the figures in the top panel retain some black, and there are traces of red on a number of the meat-offerings and on the sliced loaves on the offering-table.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 7; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 66.

PLATE VII

False door from the tomb of 77/. 157b Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza.

Dimensions. 2-21 m. //., 209 m. ii. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased in 1834 at the sale of the Salt collection.

At the top, two representations of the palace-fagade flank a panel bearing seated figures of Tjetji and Debet on either side of an oflering-table with the names of conventional offerings written above and below the table. Underneath is a single line of text containing the names and titles of the deceased and his wife. The doorway proper consists of a drum bearing the name and titles of Tjetji and two jambs bearing standing figures of Tjetji and Debet as on 157a; in the case of the present monument, however, texts are preserved above the figures giving the full titularies of Tjetji and Debet. On the left jamb Tjetji is shown, dressed less formally than on 157a, accompanied by three boys: his eldest son Werirny, his son Wash-Khafra, and his grandson Ptahwoser. Only the upper half of the right jamb is preserved; below the six lines of text giving her titles is the top of a figure of Debet who is accompanied by one daughter, Nefret-ha-Khafra. On the outer sides of the jambs are sloping panels bearing representations of tall offering-stands. The quality of the carving is as good as that of the companion piece 157a.

Preservation. Mostly good; some salting has caused surface deterioration on the figure of Tjetji and on parts of the inscriptions. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 6; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 66.

PLATE VIII

1. Jamb from the tomb of 77/. 157c Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza.

Dimensions. 2-40 m. h., 0T7 m. ii'. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased in 1834 at the sale of the Salt collection.

A single fine of hieroglyphs, cut in careful sunk relief with few details, records the erection of a monument by Tjetji to the memory of his parents. Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 5; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 66. 2. False door of Wd-k>i\)-rnh{l) (u\\^. 1223

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Dahshur.

Dimensions. 1-18 m. //., 0-87 m. ir. Date. Fourth-Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1897.

The upper part of this monument consists of a raised panel with two smaller side-panels set back, all three being carved in very fine, low relief. On the central panel there is a representation of the deceased seated before an offering-table, above and below which are lists of conventional offerings. On the left side-panel is a representational palace-fagade above which the deceased is described as 'son of

Hnt{'^~~2)\ Khenet is shown as the wife of N.s\v-nfr in the latter's tomb at Giza, in which Wedjkai^ankhi is also shown, cf. Junker, Giza in, 117 and fig. 28. On the right side-panel are five small registers with finely carved piles of food-offerings. The lower part of the monument preserves the top half of the false door; there are single lines of text on the lintel and drum with a short offering-formula and the name of the deceased. Each jamb bears two lines of text giving his titles.

Preservation. There has been much surface disintegration through the action of salt. The semicircular cut on the left jamb is probably ancient and structural. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 15; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 239; also note Gardiner, Tomb of

Amenemhei, p. 84; Fischer, JAOS 74, 28 (identifying Wedjkai'ankhi as Nesunefer's son).

3. Slab of Rwd-ki'i) i^\^)- »269 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 0-12 m. h., 0-66 m. ir. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1897.

This slab bears a single line of text, carved in fair sunk relief, containing the titles and name of Rudjkai who was an official of the Pyramid of Chephren.

B.M. Guide (Sculpture), pp. 7, 8, gives Giza as the origin of this piece and of its companion, 1268; so too Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 67. H.T. i\ p. 10, has 'From the necropolis of Memphis'. Confirmation of provenance is wanting, but the connexion of the deceased with the Pyramid of Chephren makes Giza the most hkely place.

Preservation. Fair. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 20; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 67.

4. Door-drum of /?my/-A:(//). 1268

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 0-24 m. //., M6 m. ir. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1897.

The block bears a text, cut in fair, sunk relief, giving the titles and dignities of

Rudjkai. It is arranged in short vertical lines without dividers. For a note on provenance see 1269.

Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 20; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 67. 9 PLATE IX

1. False door of A//nr (£-_,). 1272

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza (?).

Dimensions. 1-75 m. //., 110 m. ir. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1898.

In H.T. i', p. 7 the tomb of Khenu is located in 'the necropolis of Memphis';

B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 10, more precisely says 'From Gizah', and is followed by Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 66. Confirmation of provenance is wanting, but Giza is probable because Khenu was an Inspector of the Priests of Mycerinus. The upper part of the false door, including the cornice, is lost; at the top of what is preserved is the greater part of a panel bearing figures of the deceased and his wife seated on either side of an offering-table. Below this panel is the lintel of the actual false doorway with two lines of text containing the titles of Khenu; the left end of this lintel has a seated figure of Khenu. His titles are also inscribed on the right and left inner jambs of the door; the outer jambs carry standard olTering-texts, that on the right jamb including a list of feast-days. The inner and outer jambs have at the bottoms standing figures of Khenu.

The whole doorway is carved in good quality low relief; for false doors sunk relief is regular.

Preservation. Much of the top and bottom of the stela is lost and there has also been some loss along the lines where the stela was cut into smaller pieces for transport. What remains is in moderate condition only; the surface is much rubbed and there has been additional surface disintegration through the action of salt. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 8; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 66.

2. Off'ering-table of K;{i)-nfr {u\r-). 1345

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Dahshur.

Dimensions. 0-34 m. /;., 1-02 m. ii'. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1901.

This offering-slab was originally placed at the foot of the stela 1324 (Plate X); it was discovered in this position by de Morgan, cf. Fouilles a Dahchoiir, ii, p. 23 with fig. 54 and pi. xxvi. The slab bears the raised outline of a reed off'ering-mat with a loaf placed upon it (^; the representational off'ering-mat carries a text, carved in fair, sunk relief, which dedicates the whole off"ering-table to Kainefer; the dedication is by Kainefer's son, also called Kainefer.

Preservation. Poor; there has been much weathering of the surface and further

disintegration through the action of sah. No colour is preserved.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 5; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 237. PLATE X

1. Stela of /:>(-/)-/7/K 1324 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Dahshur.

Dimensions. 2-58 in. //., 1-16 m. h*. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1901.

The mastaba-niche in which this stela was discovered with the offering-table 1345 contained also two side-panels with representations of Khunesu, Kainefer's wife, and a panel set above the main stela. The whereabouts of these three additional panels is not now known. For the niche as it was excavated, see de Morgan,

Fouilles a Dahchour, ii, pi. xxvi. The figures and texts on the stela are finely carved, the figures being in low relief and the texts in sunk relief, apart from those accompanying the figures of Kaiwa^eb.

The stela has no cornice, its place having been taken by the panel mentioned above.

The texts it bears commemorate the Prince, Kainefer, son of King Snofru, and they are mostly concerned with his titles and dignities. The lintel and drum carry short texts with brief titles, and the full list of Kainefer's honours is reserved for the upper parts of the two panels on either side of the false doorway; each panel has six lines of text. The lower parts of these panels are divided into two registers. Contrary to the regular practice, there are no representations of Kainefer himself; on both sides there are large figures of his eldest son Ki{-i)-wrb (Ui"^ J), dressed in official uniform and carrying a sceptre and a staff. On the left Kaiwareb is shown accompanied by

' his ' (i.e. son probably Kainefer's son), K;{-i)-nfr (U I Is:), possibly the man who dedi- cated the offering-table 1345; on the right he is accompanied by Pth-spsi ( ° f^pf]), who is not named as a son. The bottom register on each side is occupied by three figures of men, all possibly sons or other relatives of Kainefer, and all presumably

bearing offerings (although this is now certain in only one case) : on the left, Ki{-i)-wrb

(U(tJ), 'Iti (()^(1), and Tnvi qy\)- on the right, D^v,'t{^v)-Snfrw {(JV-^^^t) Hr-f-Snfrw (CFI^l^^) and Brf-Snfrw (Ql^l^'^)-

Preservation. The surface is much weathered (apparently so when discovered, as reference to de Morgan, Fouilles a Dahchour, ii, pi. xxvi shows), and further deterioration has more recently occurred through the action of salt. The stela was cut into several pieces for ease of transport and considerable portions have been lost at the cuts, especially in the centre, where, happily, no text or representation has perished. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pi. 4; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 237.

- 2. Block from the tomb of Nfr-Mtrt (J^ ). 1510 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Meydum.

Dimensions. 0-53 m. //., 0-43 m. w. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Presented by the Egyptian Research Account, 1910.

This fragment of text from a fagade-inscription comes from the tomb of Nefer- ma^at, a son of King Snofru, at Meydum; it comes more precisely from that part of the tomb assigned to his wife Itt (f] ^ ), but the titles preserved belong to Neferma^at himself. The signs are finely incised and they were originally filled with coloured inlay, of composition or thick paint. Small fragments of the inlay still in position enable us to assign colours as follows: B, cobra-heads, red, the rest black; ^, black; ^ yellow, with black lines on the wings. Preservation. Good, apart from the loss of much of the inlay.

Bibliography. H.T. vi, pi. 18; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iv, p. 93.

PLATE XI

1. False door of Nfr-ssm-Hwfw ((^>w^),l--^). 1282

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza (?).

Dimensions. 1. 30 m. /;., 102 m. w. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1898.

In H.T. i\ p. 8, the provenance of this stela is given as 'the necropolis of Mem- phis'. B.M. Guide (Sculpture), pp. 6-7 and Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 66, give Giza. No confirmation is available, but Giza is probable in view of the name of the owner and of his royal office (he was a royal scribe of the accounts). At the top, the lintel carries a conventional offering-text in favour of the deceased

(here called Ssi ^'j), and below it there is a panel with representations of Nefer- " seshemkhufu and of his wife, Hntt-k/(-i) (ffw) u), each seated behind an offering- table. A single line of text with titles separates the upper panel from two lower panels which flank the false door. These latter panels bear representations of Neferseshemkhufu and his wife: on the left Neferseshemkhufu is shown standing and holding the sceptre and staff of office, accompanied by a child, his son ^hdw

(•^e^^); on the right Khentetkai is shown with her daughter Nh-hzt (i^?JT), who holds a lotus-flower. The whole is carved in good sunk relief.

Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 15; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 66.

2. Slab with the name of the tomb of Shepseskaf. 1234

Material. Limestone. Provenance. South Saqqara (?).

Dimensions. 0-15 m. /?., 0-47 m. ir. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased in 1897.

This slab bears a single line of text, carved in fair sunk relief, containing the name of the 'Pyramid' of King Shepseskaf—the Mastabat Fara'un. It is probable that it comes from the tomb of an official whose duties included some connected with the tomb of Shepseskaf and that it was located in South Saqqara near the Mastabat Fara'Qn.

Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. Nil.

PLATE XII

1. Slab from a tomb. 1186

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Not known.

Dimensions. 0-42 m. /;., 0-59 m. w. Date. Fifth Dynasty (?). 12

Purchased in 1894.

The scene, which is carved in good, low relief, and which is flanked by lines of text in sunk relief concerned with the proper treatment of the tomb, consists of a representation of the deceased seated with his wife, receiving offerings from relatives and others. The names of the two principal characters are lost. In front of them are

shown a man, whose name is missing, offering a loaf of bread, and a woman with

a similar offering; she is named 'his daughter' Zn-nvt ('^S). Below this couple

a further couple is shown: the son of the deceased, Mrnv (S^) and his wife Snt (IT)- Underneath the representation of the deceased and his wife are figures of three further people: Knh or KQ-i)-nb {^^'^J), holding a bouquet, 'Intr (?) ((jTI), holding a bouquet and a duck, and Prt-k(f) (n"^^ who kneels making a presentation of loaves. In front of the last is a short text: 'Invocation-offering for (my) father'.

Preservation. Poor, there is much surface disintegration through the action of salt. No colour survives.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pi. 43.

2. Slab from the Mastaba of Ny-lbw-mw (^ 1 '^J). 1267 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Denderah.

Dimensions. 0-76 m. //., 0-50 m. ir. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Presented by the Egypt Exploration Fund, 1898.

This slab was found by Petrie in the tomb of Ny-ibunesu, at Denderah; it was

placed in the innermost recess of the false door, above the slab 1 166; there were no

other texts or representations, cf. Petrie, Dendereh, pi. 2. The date of the tomb is by

no means certain; it could be earlier than the Fourth Dynasty, but would then be an almost isolated example of very early tomb-sculpture from the necropolis of Denderah. The slab bears a figure in strong, well-moulded low relief of Ny-ibunesu, shown

wearing full official dress including a leopard-skin kilt. In front is a line of text

with his name and titles.

Preservation. Good. The hole that pierces the slab in front of the face was there

when the tomb was discovered, see Petrie, loc. cit. There are remains of black paint on the wig and on the armlet of the pendant arm and of red paint on the band across the chest.

Bibliography. H.T. i^, pi. .^; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. v, p. 110.

3. Slab from the tomb of A^r-//7U'-/;iu'. 1266

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Denderah.

Dimensions. 0-47 m. /?., 0-47 m. it'. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Presented by the Egypt Exploration Fund, 1898.

This slab was originally placed below 1267. It is carved in good, but rather heavy, low relief with a representation of a palace-fagade above which are the titles and name of Ny-ibunesu. Presentation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i^, pi. 3; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. v, p. 110. PLATE Xlll

1. Panel of //r/(y(l). 1212 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain. 0-29 Dimensions. m. //., 0-44 m. u\ Date. Fourth Dynasty (?). Purchased 1897.

B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 2, gives Giza as the provenance of this panel; H.T. i\

p. 10, gives Saqqara (followed by Porter and Moss, Top. BihI. iii, p. 202—Giza

given as a possible alternative). No precise information is available.

The panel bears a standard offering-text carved in good, low relief, on behalf of

Hesy who is named with no titles. The text is arranged in eight lines with no dividers.

Preservation. Good. No colour survives.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 21 ; Pokier and Moss, Top. BihI. m, p. 202.

2. Stela of Mrt-it-s (^^^P)• 1228 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 1-24 m. /?., 0-45 m. ii. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1897.

B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 4, describes the owner of this stela as 'Queen' and gives Giza as the provenance (followed by Porter and Moss, Top. BihI. iii, p. 66).

There is, however, no internal evidence to identify the Meretites of this stela with any of the ladies so named who were members of the royal house during the Fourth

Dynasty. H.T. \\ p. 7, more generally describes the piece as coming 'from the necropolis of Memphis'. The rather yellowish, friable limestone of which the piece is made is like that found locally at Giza and this fact may help us to assign it with a little more confidence to that site. No other precise evidence is available. The top panel shows Meretites seated behind an offering-table with the names of offerings written below and her name above. A single line of text underneath describes her as 'the one revered by her husband'. The panels on either side of the false door have two registers. The upper in each case carries a representation of Meretites: below, on the left is a figure of her daughter Zszst (^^ ^ ) and, on the right, a figure of her daughter Htp-hr-s {^f^ZJ)- The whole is carved in fair sunk relief.

Preservation. Fair. The surface is blotched with small fungoid patches. No colour remains.

BibUography. H.T. i', pi. 8; Porter .-^nd Moss, Top. BihI. in, p. 66.

3. Panel from the tomb of Sri {^l\). 1 192 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Saqqara.

Dimensions. 1-43 m. /?., 0-51 m. ir. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1897.

The tomb of Shery is interesting because its inscriptions mention the shadowy Second Dynasty King Sened whose mortuary service, from the evidence of this tomb, seems to have continued into the Fourth Dynasty. For other blocks from the tomb, see the Bibliography below. This panel bears two representations of Shery: in the upper, he is shown stepping forward; in the lower, he is seated and holds a staff of office. The panel, complete apart from the top, originally formed, probably, the reveal of a doorway. It is carved in good low relief.

Preservation. Poor; the surface is much weathered and is flaking through the action of salt. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 3; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, pp. 101-2.

PLATE XIV

Stela of l{w)fi(\X\) and his wife Wnnt (^7). 130 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza.

Dimensions. 0-91 m. /?., 0-71 m. w. (at bottom). Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased at the sale of the Salt collection, 1835.

On the the upper panel lufi and Wenenet are represented seated on either side of an offering-table; above is a line of text, now much damaged, giving their names and titles. The lower part of the monument takes the form of a false door. At each

side there are scenes : on the left the two principal personages are shown attended by a son Ny-sw-rdi (TSP) and a daughter Nfr-htp-Hwt-hr (Hl't')^ in a smaller register below are figures of four offering-bearers: Zzwt CZ^°°), a woman, ^pr-s

(>-jp), a woman, Tnti iCZlW)-, a nian and a boy whose name is written ^ °(l-=-; -=> the there are marks that suggest a possible ; but they are probably not beneath /J^ true traces because they are so faint compared with the strong relief of the preceding signs. On the right of the false doorway there is a similar scene; the deceased couple are here accompanied by two boys, one being unnamed, the other being Inp (^q). In the damaged lower register there are smaller figures of three female offering-

bearers: Imvt (?) (^=1' ), Mm (^T), and Spst ...(?) (^-"): there is room for a fourth figure, now completely lost. The piece is carved throughout in low

relief of moderate quality. In places it is unfinished in detail and in the modelling

of forms; the background surface is pitted with small holes and left rough.

Preservation. Fair; the surface is rubbed in some places and there are a few spots

affected by salt. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 14; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 66.

PLATE XV

Sculptures from the tomb of ^nh-h'-f{^f-^)

The pieces reproduced on this plate are those listed in B.M. Guide (Sculpture),

p. 15, as coming from the tomb of Ânkh-haf (with the exception of 538 which in fact comes from the Late Period tomb of Wahibreêmakhet, see Guide, p. 237). The same provenance can be claimed only in the case of those pieces that carry the name of Ânkh-haf, but the group has been kept together here because of the

long established association. They were all acquired from the Salt collection, but

not all at the same time. The various pieces are treated below numerically. 15

1. 527a

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza.

Dimensions. 1-00 m. //., 0-46 m. n. in middle. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1834.

The arrangement of the pieces as shown is arbitrary. At the top is an architrave inscribed, in two lines, with a standard offering-text. Below is a panel with representations of ^Ankh-haf and his wife Nfrt-sdmt {l^l^\^) seated on either side of an offering-table: above the table are inscribed the names of standard offerings.

Underneath is a further, smaller architrave inscribed with ^Ankh-hafs name and dignities, and an inscribed drum. The whole is carved in good, well-cut, sunk relief.

Preservation. Fair: there is some flaking of the surface because of salt. No colour remains.

Bibliography. II. T. i', pi. 18; Porter anu Moss, Top. Bihl. iii. p. 66.

2. 527b

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza.

Dimensions. 0-60 m. /;., 0-40 m. u., 015 m. deep. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1834.

On the front face there are standing figures of Ânkh-haf and his wife, with their names inscribed above: on the side is a figure of Ânkh-haf's son Ntr-\\\sr (1îP). The piece is carved in good, sunk relief.

Preservation. Fair: the surface is somewhat affected by salt. No colour remains.

Bihliognip/iv. See 527a, above.

3. 529

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza.

Dimensions. 0-44 m. //., 0-28 m. ir. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1835.

Two offering-bearers are represented in fair, sunk relief: the first carries a censer and is named K<'pi (U^c[;); the second carries strips of linen and is called

Wr{l)-Hrpy (^1^). Preservation and Bibliography. See 527a.

4. 530

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza.

Dimensions. 0-48 m. /;., 0-27 m. w. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1835. This block carries a representation of a person named Hnty-k>i-i) ?(ii^i), pouring a libation on to a tall altar. He was the son of the principal figure in the scene to which this block originally belonged. The sunk relief is of fair quality.

salt. Preservation. Poor : there has been much surface flaking through the action of

Bibliography. See 527a. 16

5. 532

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza.

Dimensions. 0-28 m. //., 0-28 m. w., 0-13 m. deep. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1835.

One face bears a representation of part of the body of an offering-bearer and of two libation-vases; the other face shows a tall offering-table and the lower part of another. The whole is carved in fair, sunk relief.

Preservation. Fair. No colour remains.

Bibliography. B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 15.

6. 533 and 534

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza.

Dimensions. (533) 0-59 m. //., 0-13 m. w. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

(534)0-41 m. //., 0-13 m. w.

Purchased 1835.

Both blocks, which are carved in fair, sunk relief, have representations of tall offering-tables.

Preservation and Bililiography. See 532.

7. 535

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza.

Dimensions. 0-26 m. thick, 0-55 m. ir. Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased 1835.

Drum from a doorway with two lines of text containing a short offering-formula and a small representation of "^Ankh-haf, seated. Fair, sunk relief.

Preservation. Poor; much surface flaking through the action of salt.

Bibliography. See 527a.

PLATE XVI

Blocks from the tomb of R-mw ('7"=^). 528

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza.

Dimensions. 1-42 m. //., 0-68 m. ii'. (as mounted). Date. Fourth Dynasty.

Purchased at the sale of the Salt collection, 1835.

At the top is a small architrave with the names of Romu and his wife Tntt (^3; below is a panel bearing a conventional representation of the two personages seated on either side of an offering-table with the names of the regular offerings inscribed above and below it. At the bottom are two side-panels ; on the left, is a figure of Romu who is shown accompanied by one of his sons K{'-i)-ljnt(-i) (^iWZ)'- o" the right Tjentet is shown with her grandson Nfr (J^). The blocks are all carved in good, shallow, sunk relief.

Preservation. Fair; there is some flaking through the action of salt.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 17; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in. p. 66. ;

PLATE XVII

False door and architrave of Pth-spss (°Ii^PP). 682 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Saqqara.

Dimensions. As mounted. 3-66 m. //., architrave, 4-17 m. w., false door, 3-57 m. \\\ Date. Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1897.

The architrave, which is carved in fine, detailed, sunk relief, contains five lines of text consisting of standard invocation-formulae to Osiris and Anubis. The false door consists of the false door proper with two lines of text on each side containing the titles of Ptahshepses, flanked on both sides by panelled walls carrying the biographical inscription of Ptahshepses in which he describes his birth in the time of Mycerinus, his marriage to Hrl-Mict (^°^^), a princess and daughter, probably, of Shepseskaf, and his career under four further kings, continuing down, probably, to Nyuserre*: of the Fifth Dynasty. All the texts on the false door are carved in good sunk relief, very sharply cut. On each side of the door is a long panel bearing representations of food-ofterings, carved in fine low rehef.

Preservation. The architrave is complete and in good condition. The false door is generally in good condition apart from a few small places where the surface is rubbed. The false door was painted a mottled pink to simulate granite and most of this colour remains. The hieroglyphs were painted green. On the side panels many of the vessels and parts of other objects were painted red; traces of green remain on some of the vegetables and floral off'erings. No other colour can now be discerned.

There is no colour on the architrave.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pis. 10-13; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 110; of the biographical part of the text there is a translation in Breasted, Ancient Records, i, pp. 115 f.

PLATE XVIII

Blocks from the tomb of Hnm-htp (of^)

1. Panel. 1166

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Saqqara.

Dimensions. 0-63 m. /;., 0-73 m. if. Date. Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1895.

This panel, which is carved in good, shallow, sunk relief, shows Khnumhotpe seated before an oflFering-table loaded with conventionalized sliced loaves of bread

he is represented wearing official dress with leopard-skin. To the right and below

the off'ering-table is an enumeration of funerary off'erings. Above are the titles and name of Khnumhotpe. Near the top is a single red line (dotted in the copy). the principal figure is Preservation. Good. Much colour still remains : the flesh of coloured red, the wig black, the leopard-skin yellow; the chair is yellow, the sliced loaves alternately yellow and black. Most of the signs are without colour but a few top and dark blue show traces of having been blue completely; \ has a green

bottom; the wig of s is black.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pi. 26; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 166. 2. False door. 1143

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Saqqara.

Dimensions. 106 m. //., 0-96 m. w. Date. Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1893.

This block is the upper part only of the false door of Khnumhotpe. It is carved in very fine low relief with much good detail in the hieroglyphs. The two lines of text on the lintel contain a standard invocation-formula: the texts on the jambs and drum contain the titles and dignities of Khnumhotpe.

Preservation. The left and right upper corners have suffered some damage and a number of signs are slightly damaged. Otherwise the state is good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. See 1166 above.

PLATE XIX

False door of Izi-rnh ((jMlJj^'i). 1383

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 3-16 m. //., 1-62 m. ir. Date. Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1907.

B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 18-19, and H.T. \\ p. 10, give Saqqara as the origin of this piece and are followed by Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 199. Confirmation of this provenance is, however, wanting.

The false door is of the large type characteristic of the later Old Kingdom, with heavy cavetto-coxmcQ and torus-moulding. The inscribed area is contained within the torus-moulding. At the top the architrave carries three lines with a standard invocation-text and a small representation of lsi-

Preservation. Unfortunately, this stela has suffered much from the action of salt and the whole surface is affected by flaking. Traces of red colour on the lower part suggest that the whole stela was originally painted to simulate granite. The only other traces of paint remaining are found on the wigs of the standing figures, which were black, and on the collars of the same figures which seem to have been green, black, and possibly blue.

Bibliography. H.T. i^, pi. 24; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 199; for a photograpli see Guide to the Egyptian Collections (1930), p. 251. .

PLATE XX

1 Fragment of a relief. 872 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. 0-30 m. /;., 0-22 m. n\ Date. Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1891.

No information is available to help to establish the provenance of this piece.

On the ground of style it should perhaps be assigned to Saqqara. Parts of two registers from a tomb-scene are preserved: the upper register shows

Wsr-ki-f-rnh ((Vt^iQ^), a son of the deceased (?), squatting before a low offering-table. In the lower register Hnt{t)-kn\-s if^uu'')^ a daughter of the deceased (?), is shown in a similar position before an offering-table. There are traces of another female figure. The hieroglyphs are incised; the remainder of the scene is in good low relief.

Preservation. Good. There are considerable remains of red paint on the figure of the boy and traces of yellow on that of the girl. There is a little green paint on the right-hand edge and there are traces of decomposed pigment (now black) in the signs.

Bibliography. Nil.

2. Small false door of Rr-nfr (^|). 1011 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza(?).

Dimensions. 018 m. //., 0-25 m. ii'. Date. Fifth Dynasty (?).

Presented by the Rev. G. J. Chester, 1886.

The lintel and drum of this diminutive false door are inscribed with the name and titles of Ranefer in fair, sunk relief. The donor described it as having come from

Giza (cf. B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 27), but further information is wanting. Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 27.

3. False door or Sn-mv {IZ°W 1136 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 0-86 m. /;., 0-58 m. ii'. Date. Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1893.

B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 25, gives Giza as the provenance of this piece and is followed by Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 67; H.T. iS p. 11, says nothing. No further information is available.

The stela is carved in poor, sunk relief with conventional texts and representations.

At the top is a single line of text giving a shortened offering-formula which is continued in a further line beneath the three panels containing representations. The central panel has figures of Sennu and his wife Tntts izZZ^) seated on either side of an offering-table above which their names and titles are inscribed. The panels on the left and right have scenes of relatives making offerings : on the left, his son

(unless this is a title) brings strips of cloth, and Ini-rnh Hm-h (

possibly another son, brings a jug in a bowl and a duck; on the right, his son Pth-spss (°|^PP) is shown offering incense, and his daughter (?) Nfrt (|^) brings a duck. The lower part of the stela has larger figures of Sennu and Tjentets on either side of the doorway and there are smaller scenes on the outer jambs : on the left from bottom to top, Nh-Mw (?) ( J]-\) is shown bringing a haunch, his daughter ibdwt {"^'^^jt) bringing a duck, and his daughter Nfrt-sdmt (|TP^^) standing in attendance. On the right, at the bottom, Hnw (£„"^), possibly a son, is shown filling a pot; in the middle five jars of oil are shown; at the top is a representation of his daughter Hmvt (^o^), bringing a duck.

Preservation. Fair. There are traces of red on the principal figure of Sennu.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 27; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 67.

PLATE XXI

1. Architrave of ^>^-^-v(•/)-r/?/; ("u^). 1275 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Saqqara.

Dimensions. 0-44 m. /;., 3-58 m. w. Date. Fifth Dynasty. Purchased 1898.

This architrave comes from the tomb of Nykai^ankh, a high priestly official connected with the Sun-temples of Userkaf and Nyuserre^ originally excavated by

Mariette, see Mastabas D. 48. It is carved in very fine, sharp-cut, sunk rehef with much detail in the individual hieroglyphs. The bulk of the surface is occupied by two lines of text containing the standard formula for the receipt of offerings by htp-di-nsw. At the left-hand end is a representation of Nykai^ankh, seated and holding a staff".

Preservation. There is a large fracture towards the left end, and along this break and along the breaks between the various blocks making up the architrave (which was cut into convenient pieces for transport) some damage to signs has occurred. The surface at the right-hand end has suffered some ffaking due to the action of salt. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 28; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 165.

2. Architrave of ms-Pth (°IiR--). 1278 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Saqqara.

Dimensions. 0-37 m. /;., 1-72 m. iv. Date. Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1898.

The tomb of Washptah was discovered by Mariette and the texts were published

in Mastabas, pp. 267 f. The principal stela with architrave above is published in

drawings, op,, cit., pp. 268-71 ; the text on the architrave corresponds precisely with

such as is still preserved on B.M. 1278, but it is reproduced running from left to

right, whereas the text on 1278 runs from right to left. Furthermore, the measurements given by Mariette do not correspond with those of 1278. Mariette gives the width of the false door as 1-84 m. and the architrave, as shown, must be wider,

perhaps about 2-10 m. The measurement for the false door is confirmed by that

given by Mogensen, Inscr. Hiero. du Musee National de Copenhague, p. 7, where

1-80 m. is given. B.M. 1278 is 1-72 m. wide and, although part of the right end is ;

missing, the loss can hardly amount to nearly 0-40 m. Yet it seems hard to believe that the two architraves are not one and the same piece. Between the time when

Mariette copied it and its arrival in the British Museum, the architrave also lost its top line of text. Reference to Mogensen, op. cit., shows that the texts are reproduced in reverse order in Mariette, loc. cit. The remaining four lines of text form part of a regular offering-formula containing Washptah's titles and dignities. On the left is a representation of the deceased, seated behind an offering-table piled with half-loaves of bread. Above is shown another, smaller, offering-stand with jugs and a pot. The whole is carved in good, plain, sunk relief.

Preservation. Apart from the loss of the top line already mentioned and the right- hand end of the whole, the condition is good. There are various blemishes in the surface which, in antiquity, were made good with plaster, some of which has now fallen out, taking signs or parts of signs with it. Such a loss occurs after A/y/ in the last line; the second <=> o{ mrrw later in the same line is carved on plaster.

Bibliography. ll.T. \\ pi. 10; Porter and Moss, Top. Bihl. iii, p. 106.

3. False door. 531

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza (?).

Dimensions. 0-65 m. /;., 0-49 m. ir. at top. Date. Fourth or Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased at the sale of the Salt collection, 1835.

The provenance of this piece is known as Giza only from the information provided by the previous owner. No precise details are available.

At the top is an inscribed architrave and a scene of the deceased and his wife seated before an offering-table; to the right there are two kneeling figures. The architrave-text is a short offering-formula; there are no other texts. Below is a small false door; the left jamb bears a figure of the deceased and the right a figure of his wife. There are no texts. The figures are all carved in fair, low relief; the inscription on the architrave is incised.

Preservation. Poor; there has been much surface deterioration through the action of salt. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 21; B.M. Guide (Sculpture), pp. 15-16.

4. Slab from the tomb of Mtt {\t^). 1 185

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Not known.

Dimensions. 0-65 m. /?., 0-38 m. ii'. Date. Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1894.

The deep-cut relief of only moderate quality gives this piece a provincial appearance.

It bears a representation of the owner of the tomb walking forward and holding a staff in one hand and a folded cloth in the other. A single line of text in front of the figure and another behind it give the titles and name of the deceased; the titles, which are unusual, are paralleled in the tomb oVItws at Saqqara, cf. Urk. i, p. 191 they indicate that Metet was an overseer of metal-workers and craftsmen, apparently, but their precise meaning is uncertain. A second line of text in front of the figure faces in the other direction and undoubtedly belonged to another figure of 22

Metet, facing to the left. Above are parts of three hues of text containing a conventional prayer for the dead man that he may walk on the ways of the blessed and receive offerings on the regular feast-days.

Preservation. Good. No colour is preserved.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pi. 28; B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 12.

5. Slab from the tomb of K^l (u\\). 65952 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. 0-12 m. //., 0-45 m. w. Date. Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1959.

This small slab contains a single line of text in good, incised signs, containing the name and titles of Kai. The owner of Tomb D. 19 in Mariette, Mastabas, is a vizir named Kai; he is a wr 10 Smrw and, in one place, he is also given the title nzty hntt, cf. Mastabas, p. 230 (upper text on the left, last line). Both these titles are held by the Kai of this slab, but this correspondence is not sufficient to establish more than a probable identity between the two personages.

Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. Nil.

PLATE XXII

1. Tomb-fragment. 65951

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. 0-28 m. /?., 0-28 m. \v. Date. Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1959.

Parts of three lines of good, incised hieroglyphs contain the titles and dignities of a high official; one of the titles makes him Controller of Secrets of the Pyramid (?) of Nyuserre^

Preservation. There has been considerable surface weathering at the top of the piece, but no signs are completely lost. The surface is now firm. No colour remains.

Bibliography. Nil.

2. Offering-table of H^b-nsw (?) ^^mlJ:^- 65955 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. 0T7 m. //., 0-27 m. ir. Date. Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1959.

A simple offering-table with two deep depressions in the front for offerings and a shallow depressed panel behind. The texts, which are in fair, incised signs, contain a htp-di-nsw formula on behalf of an official concerned with the Sun-Temple and the Pyramid of Userkaf. The reading of his name, which is written both ^^^ J^ and ^raJ^^ is uncertain, possibly Hfb-nsw. Preservation. Fair; there has been some surface disintegration in the depressions. No colour remains.

Bibliography. Nil. 23

3. Offcring-table of iVr-//;?.7 (— i)^-;^). 65953 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. 0-23 m. /;.. 0-43 m. ir. Date. Fifth Dynasty. Purchased 1959.

Simple, rectangular offering-table with two shallow depressions for the receipt

of offerings. The text around the edge, which is cut in a rough manner, contains a simple htp-di-nsw formula for Ny-imat, an official connected with the Sun-temple and Pyramid of Nyuserre<.

Preservation. Fair; the bottom left-hand corner has been broken off and replaced. No colour remains.

Bibliography. Nil.

PLATE XXIII

The pieces reproduced on this plate and on Plate xxiv all come from the same

tomb. They were acquired by purchase in 1898. In B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 19, nos. 864-9 are described as coming from Giza and this provenance has been

accepted by Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 67. No confirmation of this provenance is, however, available. The blocks numbered 1270a-c have not previously been published. A number of the pieces join together, to produce a sub-

stantial part of one wall with part also of the side wall at right angles to it. The various pieces making up these parts of walls have been drawn separately, but

mounted in their relative positions on Plate xxiii. Figs. 1 and 2 (on p. 24) give the plans of the blocks in the front and side walls with the numbering of the blocks. The measurements of the individual blocks are given below, before the descriptions of

the two walls. The whole monument is of limestone and is to be dated probably to

the Fifth or early Sixth Dynasty; the scenes throughout are carved in fair, low relief.

864. 0-41 m. h., 0-45 m. w.

865. 0-41 m. h., 0-75 m. u'. 869. 0-38 m./z., 1-12 m. u.

1270a. 0-40 m. h., 0-65 m. i.„ 015 m. deep.

1270b. 0-38 m. h., 0-66 m. u., 0-14 m. deep.

1270c. 0-20 m. /?., 0-58 m. ir.

1. Front Wall.

The scene preserved on this wall consists of two registers. In the lower is a repre-

sentation of butchery; the dismemberment of two bulls is shown, superintended by

a shd hm{w)-k,' who stands on the left. Above the figures of the various men occupied in this dismemberment are short conversational texts of the kind regularly found with such scenes. In the upper register are figures of seven attendants and offering- bearers, the fifth of whom is a sdwty-ntr and the sixth a hry-hbt.

2. Side Wall.

The greater part of this wall is occupied by a representation of the owner of the tomb and his wife; he is shown wearing a leopard-skin and holding a staff of office. A small lower register contains the figures of three offering-bearers who are shown bringing offerings of vessels, meat, and birds. There are no inscriptions.

Preservation. Poor; the stone is soft and the surfaces of the individual blocks have suffered much flaking through the action of salt. No colour is preserved. 1. Front wall

I2.70b the animals, in order from bottom to top, are a hyena, an ox, an oryx, and some other deer (?).

Preservation. Poor; there is much surface flaking due to salt. No colour is preserved.

Bibliography. H.T. vi, pi. 14; PoRirR and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 67.

2. 867.

Dimensions-. 1-58 m. //., 0-40 m. u".

A further door-reveal, probably the companion of the last. It bears five small registers and the bottom of a sixth. The scenes represented are all connected with the funerary feast of the deceased owner of the tomb. In the bottom register a bull is shown being slaughtered and dismembered; in each of the registers above two offering-bearers are represented bearing conventional offerings of meat, birds, bread, wine, and fruit.

Preservation. Poor; there has been much surface flaking; if the drawing here reproduced is compared with that in H.T. vi, pi. 14, it will be seen that much of the surface has been lost since 1922.

Bibliography. See 868.

3. 866.

Dimensions. 0-40 m. //., 1-35 m. \\\

On this block the lower part only of a scene is preserved. The deceased owner of the tomb is represented seated before an offering-table and two attendants or priestly officials are shown making offerings to him; the one in front kneels and holds out two bowls, containing possibly some drink, or incense; the other stands, holding out a duck.

Preservation. Poor; cf. 868 and 867 above.

Bibliography. H.T. vi, pi. 13; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 67.

PLATE XXV

1. Cone of Hun- (or Hn-ni) (©>!). 199 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 0-47 m. /?., 0-20 m. w. at base. Date. Fourth or Fifth Dynasty.

Acquired from the Sams collection, 1834.

B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 21, tentatively gives Giza as the provenance of this piece; H.T. i^, p. 10, less definitely gives 'from the necropoHs of Memphis'; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 66, gives Giza as probable. No confirmation of this provenance is available. This roughly shaped cone bears on one side a single line of text cut in good incised signs, which gives the name and titles of the Overseer of Dragomans, Khuu. Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 21 ; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 66. ;

2. Fragment of an inscription. • 992

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 0-35 m. //., 0-21 m. ii-. Date. Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1879.

Giza was said to be the provenance of this piece when it was purchased and this provenance is given in B.M. Gw/Jf (Sculpture), p. 12. The accuracy of the information is not, however, verifiable. The piece preserves parts of four lines of text cut in fair, low relief; they contain some of the titles of an unnamed person. The fragment possibly belonged to the inscription set above the representation of the owner of a tomb on one of the reveals of the entrance to the superstructure of the mastaba.

Preservation. The surface is worn in a few places but there is no flaking. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pi. 21 ; B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 12.

3. Part of a scene from a tomb. 994

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 0-47 m. /?., 0-86 m. w. Date. Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1879.

Like 992 above, this piece was described as coming from Giza when it was purchased. There is no other evidence to support this provenance. Parts of three registers carved in good, low relief are preserved. In the bottom register, on the right, is a scene of fishing with a drag-net from a boat; on the left are parts of a harvesting scene—three men are shown harvesting grain and two donkeys are being led away, their backs loaded with great sacks of grain. The centre register contains a scene in which young girls dance and boys play various games; one of the boys is shown wearing an unusual mask. This scene has been fully discussed by Capart, B.I.F.A.O. xxx, pp. 73-75. The top register, of which only the lower half is preserved, originally contained a scene of boat-building; on the left, part of one boat is visible; the remainder of the register shows a number of workmen engaged in preparing timber for further construction.

Preservation. Fair. The block is in two pieces, the division running down the middle some damage has occurred on each side of this cut. Some colour still remains: considerable traces of red on the bodies of the men, traces of yellow on the grain being harvested, a few spots of blue on the water below the boat in the bottom register.

Bibliography. H.T. vi, pi. 17; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 67; Capart, B.I.F.A.O. xxx, pp. 73-75.

PLATE XXVI Slabs from the Tomb of Ny-rn/j-Rr (^^) The three slabs reproduced on this plate come from the tomb of Ny^ankhre^ at

Saqqara. It was excavated by Mariette, and some of the texts were published in Mastabas, pp. 431-2. Ny^ankhre^ was inspector of the royal wardrobe and a royal hair-dresser. 27

1. Panel. 1429a Material. Limestone. Provenance. Saqqara.

Dimensions. 0-21 m. A., 0-29 m. if. Date. Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1908.

Nyfankhre< is represented seated behind an offering-table piled with conventional half-loaves of bread; he stretches one hand towards the table and in the other hand he clasps a folded cloth. The brief texts contain his name and a short enumeration

of food- and drink-offerings. The whole is carved in good, sunk relief. Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 25; Porter and Moss, Top. BihI. in, p. 170.

2. Part of a false door. 658 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Saqqara.

Dimensions. 0-89 m. //., 0-42 m. \\\ Date. Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1905.

This slab preserves the lower part of the right-hand side of a false door with three lines of text containing the name and titles of Ny^ankhre^ and the greater part of an offering-list with a small figure of the deceased below. The texts are in carefully carved incised hieroglyphs with much fine detail in the larger signs.

Preservation. Good. The whole surface is a brownish-purply colour which may be a patina but which equally may be the remains of the colour painted on the stela

to give it the appearance of granite.

Bibliography. See 1429a, abo\e.

3. False door. 1429b Material. Limestone. Provenance. Saqqara.

Dimensions. 0-57 m. //., 0-36 m. w. Date. Fifth Dynasty.

Purchased 1908.

The lintel and drum carry Ny^ankhre^'s name and principal title; the central panel of the doorway has a short htp-di-nsw formula and both jambs carry offering- lists. Each jamb has 24 entries arranged in six rows. The signs are carved in good

sunk relief. Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. See 1429a, above.

PLATE XXVII

False door and offering-table from the Tomb of W}s-ks{-i) i^U)

These two pieces, which were acquired by purchase in 1895, come from the tomb of Washkai, an overseer of the storehouse of the Sun Temple of Userkaf at Abu

Gurab. The tomb, which is probably to be dated to the Fifth Dynasty, has not been located. B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 20, gives Giza as the provenance and Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 66, follows accordingly; H.T. i^, p. 10, more generally says 'from the necropolis of Memphis'. There is no confirmation from other sources that Giza is the provenance, but it is not unlikely that a man with an oflSce to be exercised in Abu Gurab should be buried at Giza. 28

1. False door. 1156a

Material. Limestone. Dimensions. 1-56 m. /;., 0-55 m. u-. Purchased 1895. The upper panel contains a representation of Washkai and his Wi^QDfn-sn {^ ^JL) seated on either side of an offering-table. The texts above and on each side of this panel contain Washkai's titles and two short htp-di-nsw formulas. Beneath the panel are representations of various food- and drink-offerings. The htp-di-nsw formulas on the sides of the panel are continued down the outside columns of the false door proper and are terminated by small standing figures of Washkai. The inner columns of the false door bear figures of the deceased and his relations. On

the left, from top to bottom : Washkai with a small boy, his eldest son, Hnw (^o^), bringing two pieces of cloth, his son, Mry-it-f {^\\ZJ with a jug, a woman, Rnpt-nfrt (fJT) with a lotus flower, and another woman, Snt-m-ni\vt {\'~^\®®). On the right, from top to bottom: his wife, Djefatsen, with their son (?) Kd-smnh (li^o^)' for a more certain reading see the offering-table that follows), his eldest son [sic], Hm-rr (2^j), carrying a haunch, his son Sndm-ib (P|^0^ carrying a duck, the woman Ppi (°(j), carrying a duck, and the woman Tnft i^Z^)- The whole is carved in indifferent, sunk relief.

Preservation. Poor; the surface has suflFered much flaking through the action of salt. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 22; Porter and Moss, Top. BihI. m, p. 66.

2. Offering-table. 1156b

Material. Limestone. Dimensions. 0-36m. //., 1-07 m. w. Purchased 1895.

The upper half of the surface of the offering-table is occupied by representations

in low relief of an offering-table with offerings placed upon it and of a small ewer standing in a depression, flanked by two depressions for liquids; the lower half of the table has formal funerary scenes carved in fair, sunk relief. On the right^ figures of Washkai and his wife Djefatsen are shown seated behind an offering-table; they are accompanied by their names and a short htp-di-nsw formula. In the centre

are piled food- and drink-offerings and on the left the kneeling figures of five men, all sons (but not so named), presenting offerings to their deceased father and mother: his eldest son Khenu, his eldest son [sic] Hemres Senedjemib, Mery-itef,

and Kedsemenkh (f o'P'^T)-

Preservation. Fair; the surface is a little affected by flaking. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. iS pi. 23; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 66.

PLATE XXVIII The Mastaba of Wr-ir-n-Pth (°|^^). 718 This and the two following plates contain drawings of the surviving parts of the mastaba of Werirenptah, a priestly official attached to the Sun-temple of Neferirkare^ The whole mastaba-superstructure was purchased from the Egyptian Government

in 1904 and was removed bodily from its site in Saqqara; the exact position of the mastaba in the necropolis has not, however, been recorded. The tomb was re-

erected in the Assyrian Saloon of the Museum where it was exhibited for many years until progressive deterioration of large areas of the decorated surfaces led to :

its dismantling. The parts reproduced in this volume are those that now survive; they are exhibited as separate parts of walls and not mounted in their original relative positions. Reference to the drawings published in Hieroglyphic Texts, vi, pis. 1-12 will show the extent to which the scenes have suffered from the action of salt since 1922. It is certain, however, that the soft limestone of which the tomb was built was already in an advanced state of disintegration when it reached the Museum.

The plan of the mastaba, is when complete, given in Fig. 3 ; the letters refer to the scenes

C B

Fig. 3

A and B. Figures in relief of the deceased, leaning on a staff; these scenes were much

damaged on arrival and are now lost, c. Architrave above door; here reproduced on Plate xxix. D. Fishing and harpooning; this scene was in an advanced state of disintegration on arrival in the Museum and has since been entirely lost; traces surviving were

published in H.T. vi, pi. 12 (lower).

E. Wall with two false doors, reproduced here on Plate xxviii.

F. Deceased with offerings and offering-bearers; here reproduced on Plate xxx. G. Scenes of agriculture and shipping. Above the doorway, the figure of Werirenptah viewing these activities. The scenes of shipping to the right of the

door are now largely lost. All that remains is reproduced on Plate xxix.

This mastaba has been dated to the reign of Pepi II (cf. Guide (Sculpture), p. 24;

Guide to the Egyptian Collections, 1930, p. 252) with no reason given. It has also been dated to the Fifth-Sixth Dynasty (cf. H.T. vi, p. 6, followed by Porter and Moss,

Top. Bibl. Ill, p. 189), a date which is to be preferred in view of the fact that Werirenptah was a priestly official attached to the Sun-Temple of Neferirkare^

E. Wall with two false doors.

Dimensions. 2-44 m. //., 3T0 m. w. overall, including the uncarved margins at the sides against which the side walls fitted.

Extending across the top is a Hntel carved in fair, sunk relief with traces of blue paint in the signs. The text, which is an extended htp-di-nsw formula, is similar to that found on the architrave above the entrance to the tomb (see next plate) : at the left end is a seated figure of Werirenptah holding a staff. Below this lintel the wall contains two false doors and two panels of short registers with scenes. The principal false door, which is devoted to the deceased owner alone, is on the left ; at the top is a small panel bearing a representation of Werirenptah seated behind an oflering-table with the names of the sacred oils

inscribed to the right. Below is the false door proper, the lintel and jambs of which

carry htp-di-nsw formulas; the doorway itself is filled with an oflfering-list which originally consisted of 96 items arranged in 16 rows of 6 items each: the lowest

row is now almost entirely lost. At the bottom of each jamb is a standing figure of Werirenptah carved in fair, low relief. The texts of this false door are incised and

the signs were all originally coloured blue. Red paint is still largely preserved on the bodies of the two standing figures of Werirenptah and a few traces of blue (or

green?) paint are visible on the collars shown around his neck. This false door is

flanked by two groups of scenes. On the left the principal scene is at the top where

Werirenptah is shown seated on a chair with his wife Hnt(t)-k<'ws (ffiuuP) squatting on the ground in front of him. Traces of red paint remain on the body of Werirenptah. In front and above the two people are shown various food-offerings piled mostly on low tables. Below are five smaller registers devoted to the provision

of offerings for the funerary feast: in the lowest register there is a scene of the dis-

memberment of two bvills and above it a file of six ofi"ering-bearers is shown; they bring various food-offerings, including joints from dismembered bulls. The short explanatory texts in the lowest register are not fully carved, but they and the texts

in the next register above still carry traces of green (?) paint; the bodies of the butchers and the offering-bearers have traces of red and the dado at the bottom of

the wall is also red, being divided from the lowest register by a narrow black line.

The three other registers in this panel contain representations of all kinds of food-

and drink-ofiFerings, many of which still carry traces of colour: vessels are red,

vegetables are green, some fruit is blue. The carving of this group of scenes to the

left of the false door is in fair, low relief with the exception of the texts giving the

names and titles of Werirenptah and his wife: these latter are incised.

This treatment is repeated in the scenes to the right of the main false door. Here

again the principal scene is at the top: it shows Werirenptah and Khentetkaus seated side by side with offerings arranged on low tables in front and above them. Traces of red paint can be seen on Werirenptah's body and of yellow on that of his wife. This scene forms the focal point of the series of scenes shown below, the whole being

a representation of the funerary feast. There are five subsidiary registers : in the uppermost are shown two sons and one daughter of the deceased couple joining in the feast with their parents. On the left is a son, seated at a low table, and on the right a second table is shared by the daughter Hnti (™1) and the eldest son, whose name cannot be read. The texts in this register are written in red paint; nothing is visible to identify the son on the left. In the next register another son is shown seated at a low table; he is A'.vv (^^-==fl); to his right the small band providing the music for the feast is represented : it consists of a flautist, a harpist, and two men making movements of the hands. Four ladies dance to the music and they are shown in the next register below; their dancing is further accompanied by the rhythmic clapping of two other ladies who are also shown in the register. The two bottom registers contain scenes similar to those in the companion registers on the left of the false door: in the lowest is shown the dismemberment of two bulls and in the register above a file of six offering-bearers is represented ; they are identified as A' .--servants. The texts accompanying the four lower registers are in fair low relief. Much red and yellow paint is preserved on the bodies of the men and women; some of the offerings have traces of red, blue, and green paint. The false door on the right is devoted to Werirenptah and Khentetkaus. Figures of both are shown seated on either side of an otTering-table on the panel at the top. The inner and outer panels on the jambs of the doorway carry htp-di-nsw formulas, those on the inner for Khentetkaus and those on the outer for Werirenptah. At the feet of the corresponding texts are figures of Khentetkaus and Werirenptah carved

in good, low relief apart from that on the extreme right, which is only painted;

they still carry much red and yellow paint on the bodies and the wigs are black. The

rest of this false door is in sunk relief and there are traces of blue paint in the signs.

Preservation. Much of the surface area has suffered badly from flaking. Colour is mentioned in the general description above.

Bibliography. II.T. vi, pis. 2-8; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 190.

PLATE XXIX

1. C. The architrave.

Dimensions. 0-38 m. //., 2-70 m. ic.

This architrave originally was placed over the entrance to the tomb-chapel. It bears three lines of good, low relief with much fine detail in the carving of individual

signs. The text is conventional and similar to that on the lintel above the wall with

two false doors. On the left is a representation of Werirenptah. seated and holding

a staff.

The text reproduced with that of this architrave on pi. 1 of H.T. vi, occurred on a small inner architrave of the entrance. It is no longer preserved.

Preservation. Fair; this block has suffered less from flaking than the rest of the tomb. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 30; H.T. \ i. pi. 1 ; Portfr and Moss, Top. Bihl. iii, p. 189.

2. G. The agricultural scenes.

Dimensions. 1-45 m. //., 2-72 m. w.

The surviving portion of this wall is approximately that part higher than the top of the entrance doorway. The doorway lay below the scene with a large figure of

Werirenptah on the left ; to the right of the doorway were scenes of ships and to the

left there was possibly nothing inscribed on the narrow panel between the door and the corner. The principal theme of the scenes on this wall is agriculture. There were also scenes of shipping, now almost entirely lost, and scenes showing the preparation of furniture as part, probably, of the tomb-equipment of the deceased owner. The

whole is carved in fair, low relief. The last-named scenes occur on the left of the wall behind and below the large figure of Werirenptah. Behind, an attendant is shown arranging a chair and two other attendants are shown at a higher level, but what they are doing can no longer be seen. Beneath the figure of Werirenptah are two registers, in the upper of which five attendants are represented preparing a bed, setting a head-rest in position, and bringing Hnen from a chest. In the lower register various chests and pots of ointment are shown.

Werirenptah is shown standing and leaning on his staff; he is described as 'viewing the accounts of the work in the fields'. The accounts are being presented by a scribe shown in the top register along with two other scribes, one of whom is com- pleting his account, while the other brings forward a man who bends forward, possibly a wrong-doer. Most of the rest of this register to the right is now lost, but from the traces remaining it can be seen that it contained a scene of the driving of cattle. This latter theme is continued in the register below where sheep and donkeys are shown being driven forward. To the left are the remains of a scene of more scribes recording property and of another man being brought with bowed back. The third register from the top contains two scenes: on the right birds are being trapped in the marshes in a clap-net; on the left seed is being sown and trampled into the ground by a herd of sheep. At the extreme left, a scribe is shown noting what is being done. The next two registers below are devoted to the harvest; in the upper, the barley-harvest is shown on the right and the flax-harvest on the left; bundles of flax, laid out to dry, occupy the left-hand end of the register. In the lower of these two registers the transport of the barley in great bundles on the backs of donkeys is represented ; on the right is the pile of stacked barley. The lowest registers of the wall contained originally scenes with ships, of which only a small part of the top now remains; the masts and some of the rigging of three ships can still be seen; rather more was reproduced in H.T. vi, pi. 12.

Preservation. Much has been lost through deterioration of the surface. What remains is in fair condition. Some red colour remains on the bodies of the workmen in the two lowest agricultural registers and some green remains on the crops. No other colour is preserved.

Bibliography. H.T. vi, pis. 10-12; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 190.

PLATE XXX

F. Deceased with offerings and offering-bearers.

Dimensions. 1-30 m. //., 1-27 m. if.

At the top on the left Werirenptah is represented, seated and holding in one hand a stafl'and in the other a cloth. Before him are two small registers in which offerings of meat, fruit, vegetables, and drink are shown. In the two registers below, which extend across the full width of the wall, offering-bearers are shown; in the upper

register is a file of eight attendants bearing offerings mostly of birds and joints of meat; in the lower register there are three attendants leading cattle. The whole

scene is carved in low relief.

Preservation. What remains of this wall is in a fair state of preservation. Red paint

is preserved in some quantity on the bodies of the offering-bearers and there are also some traces on the body of Werirenptah. There are traces of yellow and green on some of the piled offerings.

Bibliography. H.T. vi, pi. 9; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 190.

PLATE XXXI

Decree of King Teti. 626

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Abydos.

Dimensions. 1-45 m. /?., 0-59 m. vv. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Presented by the Egypt Exploration Fund, 1903. This stela, which was discovered in the Osiris Temple-enclosure at Abydos, contains nine lines of text, carved in simple incised hieroglyphs, comprising a decree of the King Teti concerned with the freeing of temple-land from local taxes. It

official, the imy-r Snrw, Ny-kfw-lzzi contains the name of one ( (]O0^^- The text given here presents few changes from that given by Sethe in Urk. i, pp. 207-8. In many places the surface of the stone is so worn that only occasional traces of signs can be seen. There is great difficulty in deciding in some cases whether the visible marks represent traces of signs or not. The only significant change is in the date where the reading ihd 4 seems certain.

Preservation. Poor; the stone is hard but the surface has suflcred much from rubbing. There is no colour.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 38; Porter and Moss, Top. BihI. v, p. 40.

PLATE XXXII

Parts of the superstructure of the tomb of Kar are reproduced on this plate and on Plates xxxiii (1319a and b) and xxxiv (1330). Kar, who had two 'good names', overseer of the Ppy-^fr (Col'f^l^) and Mry-rr-nfr ((q^^'^J ^^), was a count and treasury of the king of Lower Egypt during the Sixth Dynasty. The exact site of the tomb is not known, but it has been given as Giza in B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 23, and thus also in Porter and Moss, Top. BihI. iii, p. 67. H.T. \\ p. 13, more generally assigns the tomb to the necropolis of Memphis, and the evidence we have will not allow a closer specification. Giza is, however, unlikely for a tomb of such a high official of the Sixth Dynasty. A block 1159 which has been assigned to this tomb in the past (cf. Porter and Moss, loc. cit.) certainly does not belong to it and was acquired by the Museum some years before the arrival of the unquestioned parts of the tomb of Kar (see plate xxxv below).

1. False door. 1342

Material. Limestone. Dimensions. 1-49 m. //., 0-87 m. ti-.

Purchased 1901.

This, the smaller of the two false doors bearing the name of Kar, either was pro- duced at a time when he had not achieved high office or was made for a relative of the same name. The titles here given to Kar are far more modest than those given on the other false door and those preserved on the blocks from the facade of the tomb.

At the top there is a plain cavetto-coxmcQ and the inscribed area is surrounded by a plain /on/5-moulding. The lintel and outer jamb-panels contain offering-formulas

and a short, similar text is cut on the smaller, subsidiary lintel. The inner jamb-

panels carry the titles and dignities of Kar. There are four standing figures of the deceased at the bottoms of the vertical lines of text. In the panel above the doorway

Kar is represented seated at an offering-table piled high with conventional sliced

loaves ; beneath the table a ewer and basin are shown and above the table is a short offering-text. The scene and texts on the door are incised. The work is, in general, of moderate quality only. .

Preservation. Poor; the lower surface of the slab is much weathered and the whole surface has suffered from flaking due to the action of salt. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 34; Porter and Moss, Top. Bihl. in, p. 67.

2. False door. 1341

Material. Limestone. Dimensions. 2-15 m. //., 1-31 m. if.

Purchased 1901.

This stela is in general design and lay-out similar to the last with the difference that there are three vertical panels on each side of the doorway instead of two. The lintel bears a simple htp-di-nsw formula, and the six vertical panels carry Kar's titles and dignities; his titles also occur on the small, subsidiary lintel. These texts are carved in sunk relief of moderate quality. At the bottom of each vertical panel there is a standing figure of Kar who is shown in various attitudes of authority; these figures are carved in sunk relief of a peculiarly gauche nature. The rectangular panel above the doorway has a representation of Kar seated behind an offering- table, carved in fair, low relief. Above the table is incised a short htp-di-nsw text.

Preservation. Fair; the surface in general is sound apart from that of the rectangular panel carved in low relief; some flaking can be detected here. No colour remains.

Bibliography. See 1 342 above.

PLATE XXXIII

1 Fagade of the tomb of Kar. 131 9a

Material. Limestone. Dimensions. 1-23 m. //., 2-09 m. u'., doorway 0-66 m. w.

Purchased 1901.

The greater part of the area to the right of the doorway, which was the entrance to the superstructure of the tomb of Kar, is occupied by large representations of Kar

and his wife Behenu. He is shown holding a staff in one hand and a sceptre of

authority in the other; she is shown with one hand on his shoulder, the other clasping

his arm. The titles and dignities of both are inscribed above their figures. The

doorway is flanked by jambs bearing Kar's titles: the left jamb has a simple Hne of text and ends with a standing figure of Kar; the right jamb has two fines of text only. The drum of the doorway has a single line of text with some of Kar's titles. The texts and representations on the fagade are all in sunk relief of fair quality.

Preservation. Fair; there has been some rubbing and consequent deterioration of the surface in a few places. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pis. 35-36; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 67.

2. Door-reveals from the tomb of Kar. 1319b

Material. Limestone. Dimensions, right, 1-23 m. /?., 0-44 m. \\\;

left, 1-23 m./?., 0-42 m. w.

Purchased 1901.

The reveals of the doorway bear representations of Kar who is shown stepping

forth from his tomb; he is dressed in simple official uniform and carries staff and

sceptre. The representation on the left is less detailed in its carving and finish .

than that on the right. The texts above the figures give Kar's titles again ; the carving of those on the left is less detailed than that o\^ those on the right. Texts and representations are in fair, sunk relief.

Preservation and Bibliography. As tor 1319a above.

3. Fragment of a scene. 993

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Giza (?).

Dimensions. 0T5 m. /;., 0-26 m. if. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Purchased 1879.

This fragment from a scene shows three olTering-bearers carrying trays of piled offerings and bringing birds and animals. There are no texts. It belonged originally, without a doubt, to a tomb in the Memphite necropolis, but the only information about the provenance possessed by the Museum is that it came from Giza. This information was provided at the time of purchase but no confirmation is available.

The piece is carved in good, low relief. Preservation. Fair. The only surviving traces of colour are of red on the bodies of the offering-bearers.

Bibliography. Nil.

4. Libation-tank of 7/7/-A-.-.V (J7up). 1 175 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 0-20 m. //., 0-30 m. >i Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Purchased 1896.

This libation-tank is oi the simple type common at the end of the Old Kingdom.

It was made and inscribed for the prophetess of Hathor, Inetkas. A single line of text running around the rim contains a standard htp-di-nsw formula on her behalf. The signs are incised and of moderate quality only. The provenance of the piece has been given as Giza in B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 28, and Porter and Moss, Top.

Bibl. Ill, p. 69.

Preservation. Good. There is no colour.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 44; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 69.

PLATE XXXIV

1330 1. False door of Bhmv (J^l).

Material. Limestone. Dimensions. 2-10 m. //., 1-07 m. w.

Purchased 1901.

This false door comes from the tomb of Kar and details of its date and provenance are discussed on page 33 above. Like the other two false doors from this tomb, this one has a heavy undecorated cavetto-coxmct and torus-raovXdmg. The upper and lower Hntels and the four jamb-panels bear offering-texts containing the titles and dignities of Behenu. At the bottom of each vertical line of text is a standing figure of the lady. These figures and the texts are carved in sunk relief. The rectangular panel above the doorway carries a representation of Behenu seated at an offering-table smelling a pot of ointment; piled offerings are shown beyond the

table and a short text at the top contains Behenu's name and an abbreviated list of

offerings. The quality of the carving of the whole is moderately good.

Preservation. Good, except along the cuts that were made when the slab was divided

into four pieces for easy transport. No colour is preserved.

Biblioi^iaphy. H.T. iS pi. 37; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 67.

2. Stela of 7a>/jw//?/-/>,mi'(?)(^^^%.^©). 128 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. 0-97 m. //., 0-50 m. w. Date. Sixth Dynasty or later.

Acquired in the early nineteenth century.

Saqqara has been given as the provenance of this piece, e.g. B.M. Guide (Sculp-

ture), p. 27, followed by Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in. p. 200. Confirmatory infor-

mation about the provenance is, however, lacking. The surface of the stela is flat, but the upper part has been marked out to represent a cave^/o-cornice with palm- frond design. Below are five horizontal lines of text containing a standard, late funerary formula and a representation of the deceased standing with staff and sceptre, receiving an offering of a haunch from his son the lector-priest Mdw (or Himv) {%W or 1^|^). The whole is carved in rather rough sunk relief. The name of the deceased which is written, apparently, at the end of the

long vertical line of text on the right, is by no means certainly of the form given above.

Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 41 ; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 200.

3. Panel of '///>' (J ™(1^). 1480 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. 0-34 m. /?., 0-66 m. if. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Purchased 1909.

This panel with funerary texts was made for Iny, an overseer of interpreters. The style and lay-out of the inscribed area are more characteristic of provincial than

Memphite work; likewise, Iny's principal title suggests that his base of operations

was in Upper Egypt. No precise information is available, however, for more exact identification of the origin.

At the top in large signs is a standard htp-di-n.sw text; below, on the left, Iny is

represented seated behind an offering-table. Above his figure is a short enumeration

of the basic funerary food- and drink-offerings. The greatest part of the panel is occupied by a very full offering-list containing 90 entries, arranged in three horizontal rows. The whole is cut in fair, low relief.

Preservation. Poor; in the past the surface has weathered badly. The stone now is fairly tough. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pi 40. 37 PLATE XXXV

1. False door of MW C^H). 1191 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 1-50 m. //., 107 m. ir. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Purchased 1897.

The provenance of this stela has been given consistently as Saqqara (see Biblio- graphy below), but confirmatory information is wanting on this point. Meri, a

is scribe of royal accounts, had the 'good name' Idw ( ,^-5^j^0: his stela of the standard late Old Kingdom pattern with cavetto-coxxncQ and tonis-mon\d'\x\g. The top lintel-panel carries a short htp-di-nsw text and the remaining panels on the jambs and subsidiary lintels bear Meri's titles and dignities. There are standing figures of Meri at the bottom of each vertical line of text. The rectangular panel above the doorway carries a representation of Meri seated behind an offering-table; he is shown smelling ointment or perfume in a jar. The central panel of the doorway bears a double udjat-cye. All the texts and figures are in fair sunk relief.

Preservation. Fair; there has been weathering of the surface in some places, but the stone is now quite firm.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pi. 33; Portkr and Moss, Top. Bihl. ill, p. 200.

2. Stela of r/i/V(^j;^). 647

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. 0-38 m. /;., 0-24 m. w. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Purchased 1896.

The origin of this piece was given as Giza in B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 26, and

Porter and Moss, Top. Bihl. iii, p. 67, but confirmation of this provenance is, however, lacking. The style of the piece is provincial, not Memphite. Previously "^ the name of the owner has been given as Wtnn, but it is probable that the initial belongs more properly to the word imfhw Tjenia has also the 'good name' Pni

(^(j). He is represented in rough low relief, which is perhaps unfinished, standing and holding a bow in one hand and an arrow (?) in the other. There are two lines of text with incised signs, containing a simple funerary invocation to Anubis.

Preservation. Fair. H.T. i\ p. 1 1, says that traces suggest that the whole stela was originally painted red. No colour can now be discerned.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pi. 28; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 67.

3. Part of a door-jamb. 1159

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. 1-25 m. /?., 0-35 m. if. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Purchased 1895.

In H.T. i\ p. 13, this piece is stated to belong to the tomb of Kar (see pis. 32-34) and it is so assigned in Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 67. There is no evidence either in the Museum records or in the texts on the jamb, to support this assertion. The jamb bears parts of two columns of text cut in good sunk relief; the left column has part of an offering-formula and the titles and nameof SM'-/»--/;/?/(-/')(?)(^

The right column contains the titles and name of Miiy)-w;dt-cnh-Miy-r<-

Ranke, Personennamen, p. 156, 12.

Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 37; Porter and Moss, Top. BihI. in, p. 67 (but see above).

PLATE XXXVI

1 1 Stela of Nfr-ssm-Ppy 263 ( (Jjg^ U)- Material. Limestone. Provenance. Denderah.

Dimensions. 0-44 m. /;., 0-53 m. if. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Presented by the Egypt Exploration Fund, 1898.

This panel, which is carved in good sunk relief of provincial style, comes from the tomb of Neferseshempepy who had the 'good name' Snni {\~ZA)- The deceased owner is represented, dressed in official uniform, carrying staff and sceptre, striding forward. Above his figure and to its left are five lines of text containing a htp-di-nsw text and the titles of Neferseshempepy. The signs are carved with considerable accomplishment, having much internal detail, although their style is somewhat gauche.

Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 39; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. v, p. 112.

1818 2. Stela of {Ny)-hb-sd-Ppy (@Q P^GE ffl)-

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. 0-57 m. /?., 0-38 m. w. Date. Sixth Dynasty or later.

Purchased 1959.

The owner of this stela has a name similar to that of the owner of B.M. 1 12 (n. 3 on this same plate), but there can be no possibility of identifying the two with each other. The reading of the name in both cases is similar and it is here suggested that the element /?(.v) {-—) has been omitted in both cases. For the name fully written see

Ranke, Personennamen, p. 173, 1.

Nyhebsedpepy is represented in rough, low relief striding forward holding a staff and a sceptre in his hands. A single line of text at the top and another in front of the figure contain a conventional offering-text and the titles of the deceased who was a count and treasurer of the king of Lower Egypt. The signs are in sunk relief; the whole is in poor style, the figure, in particular, having little modelling; the edges of the relief are quite sharp and give the impression that the piece was never

properly finished from a sculptural point of view. Nothing is known of its prove-

nance, but the style is distinctly provincial.

Preservation. Good. Most of the colour is preserved : red on the flesh of the figure, yellow on the kilt and staff, black on the wig, red and yellow for the collar, yellow for the bands of the armlets; considerable traces of red, yellow, and blue remain in the signs.

Bibliography. Nil. 39

3. Stela o[^ (Ny)-hh-.s(l-Fpy ( 1 , , , 12 i^ j ^yp). Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 1-31 m. //., 0-56 m. w. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Acquired in the early nineteenth century.

The name of the owner of this stela is discussed in the prehminary remarks to the preceding piece. In B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 27, Giza is given as its provenance, cf. also Porter and Moss, Top. Bihl. in, p. 67; there is no evidence available to confirm this provenance. It is carved in rather crude sunk relief. At the top is a heavy cavetto-corxncQ and the inscribed area is surrounded by a /«///^-moulding. Within this moulding, at the top, are two horizontal lines of text containing normal invocation-texts; the vertical panels on the jambs likewise contain a further invocation- text and the titles of Nyhebsedpepy. At the bottom of the vertical panels are standing figures of the deceased. Above the doorway is a panel with a representation of

Nyhebsedpepy seated behind an offering-table: above are inscribed his titles and a

short list of offerings. There are a number of graphic peculiarities in these texts: [1 is placed after instead of before !; , imy-r is is written li\,iP;|-^ on the lower lintel, \~\ is out of position in nh t> cjsr.

Preservation. Good. The palm-fronds of the cornice are painted alternately red and yellow; there are traces of red on many of the signs and on the figures.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 41 ; Porter and Moss, Top. Bihl in, p. 67.

PLATE XXXVII

1. Block from tomb of Mrr-ikr {\'Z.]£J. 1264 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Denderah.

Dimensions. 0-37 m. /;., 0-63 m. if. Date. Sixth Dynasty or later.

Presented by the Egypt Exploration Fund, 1898.

On the left of the slab is a representation, cut in good but rather awkward sunk relief of provincial style, of Mereriker, standing and holding the staff and sceptre of office; to the right are four short lines of text containing a simple htp-di-nsw text embodying the titles of the deceased. Some of the hieroglyphic signs are carved with interesting detail.

Preservation. Good; there are a few small patches where the surface has been rubbed. No colour survives.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 39; Porter and Moss, Top. Bihl. v, p. 112.

2. Slab from the tomb of Mn-oilj-Ppy ((|W)^^). 1262 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Denderah.

Dimensions. 0-49 m. /;., 0-66 m. w. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Presented by the Egypt Exploration Fund, 1898.

Men^ankhpepy is shown on the left, standing and holding the staff and sceptre and dressed in full official uniform, including the leopard skin. He has also the 'good name' Mni (^f]). On the right, in one horizontal and three vertical lines, is a simple htp-di-nsw text containing Meni's titles. The whole is carved in a high relief of powerful but rather ungainly style. 40

Preservation. Fair; some of the signs have been damaged. No colour is preserved.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pi. 39; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. v, p. 110.

3. Drum from the tomb of Men^ankhpepy. 1265

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Denderah.

Dimensions. 0-57 m. long, 0-21 m. thick. Date. Sixth Dynasty. Presented by the Egypt Exploration Fund, 1898.

This drum comes from the same tomb as 1262, above. It is carved, in good, sunk

relief, with a single line of text containing some of the titles of Men^ankhpepy, here called Meni.

Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. v, p. 110.

PLATE XXXVIII

1. False door of 5/7rvC^(](l). 212 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. 0-64 m. /?., 0-43 m. u-. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Acquired in the early nineteenth century.

At the top of the cavetto-cormct there is a single line of text enunciating the family-reputation of Shen^ay, who was an inspector attached to the pyramid of

Pepi II; his titles and dignities are set out in the text on the lintel of the door. The texts on the remaining panels of the door are of the usual invocatory kind and they

include further titles of the deceased. At the bottom of the two outer jamb-panels are standing figures of Shen^ay and there are seated figures at the bottoms of the two inner jamb-panels. The rectangular panel above the doorway proper carries a representation of Shen^ay, seated at an offering-table with an enumeration of

standard food- and drink-ofterings inscribed above. The whole is carved in rough,

sunk relief, the texts being rudely cut. The cornice bears the usual palm-frond design ; the bindings are carved on the /orw^-moulding.

Preservation. Fair; there has been some flaking of the surface due to the action of

salt. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pi. 45.

2. Inscribed lintel of Pepi II. 627

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Osiris Temple, Abydos.

Dimensions. 0-22 m. //., 1-40 m. w. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Presented by the Egypt Exploration Fund, 1903.

At the top there is a representation of the winged sun-disk, and below, a shortened

titulary of Pepi II inscribed twice, once to the left, and once to the right. The whole

is poor, incised work.

Preservation. Fair; it is now in two pieces. Traces of red paint can be seen on the disk of the sun.

Bibliography. H.T. i^ pi. 43; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. v, p. 41. .

PLATE XXXIX

1 False door of Pth-htp (° |^. 1 287 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 1-08 m. /;., 0-81 m. ir. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Purchased 1898.

In B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 26, Saqqara is given as the provenance of this piece and this is accepted by Porter and Moss, Top. Bihl. iii, p. 200. H.T. \\ p. 12, more generally gives *from the necropolis of Memphis'. The available evidence does not allow confirmation of this provenance. It may here be suggested that the style of the piece is provincial rather than Memphite.

The interest of the monument lies particularly in the colour, much of which is preserved. The texts and representations are conventional. It is a plain limestone slab marked out with the shape of a formal false door. At the top a cavetto-cornlce is represented in outline with the palm-fronds painted in turn blue, red, and another colour of w hich nothing now remains. The outlines of the fronds are painted yellow. A yellow band representing the /ora^-moulding runs round the inscribed area on the top and the sides. The texts on the lintel, the lower lintel, and the jamb-panels are in sunk relief and contain conventional invocation-texts and the titles of Ptahhotpe; the signs are painted red, yellow, and blue, other colours not having survived. The small representations of the deceased at the bottoms of the jamb-panels are carved in sunk relief of a rather clumsy character: red paint remains on the bodies, the kilts are yellow, the staves are yellow, the wigs have traces of black. The central panel is carved to represent a door with two valves and two bolts; the door itself is painted yellow, the fittings at the bottom are red (for copper?). In the rectangular panel above the door Ptahhotpe is shown seated behind an offering-table, smelling ointment. The scene, which is carved in low relief, has many traces of colour: red on the flesh, blue on the collar, yellow on the armlets and on the chair, red on the bowl and ewer beneath the chair, red on the table, and yellow on the conventionalized sliced loaves. The text to the right of the table is incised and contains a htp-di-nsw formula with a short list of offerings. The panel is flanked by simulated depressions

(one of which is slightly sunk, in fact) painted yellow. Beneath the whole representation of the false door are three bands of colour, yellow, red, and black.

Preservation. Good: the surface still carries the cellular impressions of the mud nests of bees.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 33; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 200.

2. Offering-table of Snb (PJ). 1 179

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 0-39 m. //., 0-37 m. n. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Purchased 1896.

Saqqara is given as the provenance of this piece in B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 28:

no information is available, however, to confirm this assertion.

The surface is approximately square and has two rectangular libation-depressions

and two circular depressions with raised rims. Between the latter two is a figure of 42

Sonb, an overseer of the storehouse. There is also a short incised offering-text in two hnes. The figure and the text are cut in fairly good style.

Preservation. Fair; there has been some surface flaking due to the action of salt.

No colour is preserved.

Bibliography. B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 28.

3. Libation-tank of ///7-«-/;/7(i'/(^^f„2». 1176

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Uncertain.

Dimensions. 0-30 m. long, 0-22 m. if. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Purchased 1896.

B.M. Guide (Sculpture), p. 28, gives Giza as the provenance of this piece, and is foUov^ed by Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. in, p. 69. Confirmation of this provenance is wanting.

The form of the piece is that of a deep sunk libation-tank. A single line of text in fair, incised signs, encircles the rim of the tank ; it contains a standard offering text on behalf of Kheretenkhenut.

Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pi. 44; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. iii, p. 69; Budge, Mummy, p. 433.

PLATE XL

1. Part of an inscription. 65954

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. Q-TI m. //., 0-22 m. \v. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Purchased 1959.

This small block bears part of a large inscription which contained the mention, at least, of kings of the Sixth Dynasty. Part of one horizontal line of text remains at the top, containing the prenomen of Pepi I in a cartouche, followed by the name of the god Osiris. Below is the beginning of one vertical line with the prenomen of

Pepi II in a rectangular frame, followed by the bird '^, possibly part of the name of a building. The signs are incised.

Preservation. Fair; the surface is somewhat rubbed. No colour remains.

Bibliography. Nil.

2. Libation-tank of Ki-i)-nfr {u\l). 29207

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Saqqara (?).

Dimensions. 0-22 m. //., 0-36 m. w. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Presented by General Sir I. Maxwell, 1926.

This libation-tank was, like its fellow, 29208, formerly in the Amherst collection.

It is of the usual form, having a deep central depression with a single line of text incised, in fair signs, around the rim; the text consists of a standard offering-formula on behalf of the overseer of workmen of the itf-^Z-chamber, Kainefer. Precise details of provenance are wanting.

Preservation. Good. No colour is preserved.

Bibliography. Catalogue of the Amherst Collection (Sotheby's Sale, June, 1921), p. 21, part of lot 204. . .

3. Libation-tank of //^/ 29208 ( , ,).

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Saqqara (?).

Dimensions. 0-19 m. //., 0-32 m. ii. Dafe. Sixth Dynasty.

Presented by General Sir L Maxwell, 1926.

A simple libation-tank with central depression and an inscription cut in fair style around the rim. The text is of a standard offering-formula on behalf of Ipi who was a prophet of Neith. No precise details of provenance are available.

Preservation. Good; there is a chip ofl'one corner.

Bibliography. Catalogue of the Amherst Collection (Sotheby's Sale, June, 1921), p. 21, part of lot 204.

PLATE XLI

( i • 603 1 Offering-tank of Ny-k;{-i)-Hr ^ r)- Material. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. 0-18 m. /;., 0-28 m. w. Date. Sixth Dynasty,

Presented by G. M. Davis, Esq., 1913.

A simple off'ering-tank with central depression and a text carved in good, incised signs around the rim of four sides; it contains an offering-formula on behalf of the scribe Nykaihor. The determinative of the name consists of a small figure of the deceased seated behind an olTering-table piled with sliced loaves.

Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. Nil.

2. Offering-tank of S^-hw (PJf^). 1487 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. 0-24 m. //., 0-34 m. ii'. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Purchased 1910.

A simple off'ering-tank with a deep central depression and a short text in fair, deeply incised signs on one side of the rim: it contains the name and titles only of Sabu.

Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. \\ pi. 44.

1488 3. Off"ering-tank of ... . pw ( . . |.». Material. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. 0-34 m. //., 0-40 m. u Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Purchased 1910. A simple offering-tank with deep depression and with a text in fair, incised signs on the rim on two sides; it contains a short offering-formula on behalf of the over-

seer of ^a-servants, . . . . pu.

Preservation. Fair; a few parts of the rim are chipped with the consequent loss of some signs. No colour remains.

Bibliography. H.T. i\ pi. 44. PLATE XLII

1. Part of the cornice from the tomb of Idy. 1293

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Diospohs Parva.

Dimensions. 0-16 m. /?., 0-55 m. w. Date. Sixth Dynasty. Presented by the Egypt Exploration Fund, 1899.

This fragment, as Petrie says in Diospolis Parva, p. 37, formed part of the unusual cornice of the tomb of the lector-priest Idy. The under-side is formed to simulate a roof made of tree-trunks. On the outer face is a single word, q)d " bird ', in deeply incised signs.

Preservation. Good. No colour survives.

Bibliography. H.T. i', pi. 43; Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. v, p. 108.

2. Slab with the name of Pepi. 38071

Material. Limestone. Provenance. Abydos.

Dimensions. OTl m. h., 0-38 m. w. Date. Sixth Dynasty. Presented by the Egypt Exploration Fund, 1903.

This piece, which bears only the name of one of the kings Pepi in fair, incised signs, is very similar to that block published in Petrie, Abydos, ii, pi. 20 lower left. A little more is preserved of the block reproduced there, and the B.M. piece is in two parts.

Furthermore the block in Abydos, ii, has been identified by Porter and Moss, Top.

Bibl. V, p. 41, with Chicago Oriental Institute 8307. It is probable therefore that the

B.M. piece is a similar fragment which was also found in the pavement of the Osiris Temple at Abydos.

Preservation. Fair; the surface is somewhat weathered. No colour remains.

Bibliography. Nil.

3. False door of 5m (PIT). 1663 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Unknown.

Dimensions. 0-70 m. //., 0-42 m. if. Date. Sixth Dynasty.

Purchased 1930.

A small false door in late Old Kingdom style. At the top is a cavetto-cornicQ with the palm-fronds marked in fine lines; the inscribed area is surrounded on top and sides by a plain /0/7/5-moulding. The texts on the lintel and the jambs form a standard htp-di-nsw on behalf of the lector-priest Seni, who is represented, standing, at the bottom of the two outer jamb-panels and, seated at an offering-table, on the rectangular panel above the doorway. The whole is carved in sharp, low relief, the signs being incised in fair style.

Preservation. Good. No colour remains.

Bibliography. Nil.

4. Stela of Mhw C^g^) and his son Hr-ib (|J). 1574 Material. Limestone. Provenance. Abydos.

Dimensions. 0-37 m. h., 0-39 m. w. Date. Sixth Dynasty (?).

Presented by the Egypt Exploration Fund, 1912. 45

The lower part of an iinlinished stela. The surface still bears considerable traces of the black grid-lines used for laying out the inscribed area (shown as dotted lines on the drawing). The bodies of two men are shown, facing each other; on the right is that of Herib who raises both hands in an attitude of adoration. Below this figure is a short offering-text on Herib's behalf and in front the lower part of a vertical line of text which identifies him as the eldest [son] of the person represented on the left. A similar olTering-text beneath the figure of this latter person gives his name, but unfortunately its reading is uncertain; >,f ^ is possible, the second sign being pure hieratic, cf. MoUer, Fa/aographic, i, n. 278. The whole stela is carved in a very rough, unfinished, low relief.

Preservation. Good. Red colour remains in most of the signs and there are traces of yellow on the kilt of the figure of Herib.

Bibliography. H.T. vi, pi. 21 ; Porter and Moss, Top. Bihl. v, p. 77. INDEX TO NUMBERS

No. No. INDEXES OF NAMES AND TITLES

ROYAL NAMES

Menkauref 682 Pepi II 627, 65954 Sanakhte 691

Pepi I 65954 Pepi I or II 38071 Shepseskaf 682 Teti 626

2. PRIVATE NAMES

Uulw m. 1282 P/j/'m. 1156a 2. f. 157a ihdwt f. 1 1 36 Pnl m. 647 Nfit-sdint:

P/V-AC/) m. 1186 1. f. 527a, B Tit-ir{?)m. 130 Pth-wsrm. 157a, b 2. f. 1136 Tiwim. 1324 P?/(-/)/j7 m. 1287 A/;A-m. 1168 l{w)fim. 130 Plh-spsim. 1324 Ntr-wsr m. 527b Ipi m. 29208 Pth-spss: 7/7// m. 1287 i. m. 682 i?-/;ni' m. 528 lmy-dpt(?yb!w m. 128 2. m. 1136 ^r-,,/}- m. 1011 7«/f. 1170, 1171 ^r-/,/;, m. 1242, 1277 'Inti-ndstf. 1170 Mn-mh-Ppvm. 1262, 1265 Rwd-k!{-i)m. 1268, 1269 'Int-h-sL 1175 A/«/ m. 1262, 1265 Rnpt-nftt f. 1 1 56a 'Iny m. 1480 Mr-w)dt-nih-Miv-Rr m. 1 159 'Ini-rnhm. 1136 Mrim. \\9\ Hnv m. 30 'Inwt{?){. 130 Mry-il-fm. 1156a, b //;Z)-«5n' m. 65455 'Inp m. 130 Mrt-it-s f. 1228 'Intr{?)m. 1186 M/rirm. 1186 Hm-Rr m. 1156a, b 'Irym. 1168, 1169, 1171 MirtL 130 Hm-kim. 1136 'Iry-ndsm. 1168 Mrr-ikr m. 1264 ///)nt(?)m. 128 7^^111. 1174 M/zH-m. 1574 H,-ibm. 1574 7z/-r«/; m. 1383 M//m. 1185 //r/ m. 1212 'Iti-sn m. 430 Mdw{?)Ta. 128 Hlp-hrsL 1228 7//m. 1324 m m. 1168 A^(>')-/iw-«iH' m. 1266, 1267 Hri-Mirt f. 682 7fl'H'm. 1191 N{y)-lm!t m. 65953 Hr-f.$nfrw m. 1324 N{y)-rnh-Rr m. 658, 1429a, b //uu'(or //u-u/)m. 199 N(y)-hb-sd-Ppr: #/;r/f. 1170 >-if. 130 1. m. 112 'nh-lu-fm. Silk, b, 535 " 2. m. 1818 1. m. 1136 N(y)-sw-rdi m. 130 2. m. 1156a, B H^/i-P//! m. 1278 iV(>')-A:;(-/)-0!/; m. 1275 3. m. 1272 Wis-Hr-f.Rr m. 157a, B A^(>')-A.v(-/)-///- m. 1603 Hmvti. 1136 m. 1156a, B f^'yi-M-O N(y)-kfw-Iz:i m. 626 Hiili f. 718 Pf'nn/f. 130 MrWiz/ f. 1282 ///;/ f. 1223 Wr-irn{-l) m. 157a, b Nb-hdw{?)m. 1136 Hnlv-k!{-i) m. 530 Wr-irn-Pth m. 718 Ay)- m. 528 Hutt-k){-i)L 12827 Wr{?)-Hrpy m. 529 Nfr-ihyi?) m. 430 Hnt{t)-ki{-i) Wsr-kff-rnh m. 872 Nfr-Miam. 1510 1. f. 718 PF/zr-yt/w f. 157a Nfr-htp-Hwt-Hr L 130 2. f. 872 Wd-ki{-i)-rnh-(i) m. 1223 Nfr-ssm-Ppy m. 1263 3. f. 1170

Nfr-ssm-nsw m. 1 1 68 Bi-f-Snfrw m. 1324 Nfr-ssm-Hwfw m. 1282 Hnm-htpm. 1143, 1166 fir-«/(?)m. 1 165 A'/i/f. 1136 Hrt-n-hnwtL 1176 5w-«/rm. 1273, 1274 Nfrt-lv-Hr-f-Rr: iSAwH- f. 13 19a, 1330 1. f. 157a, b Z.-t-mrt f. 1186 Zzwt f. 130 50

smrpr 1480 Im-ntr Hnfw 1288 hrpwrbwnsw 1173, 1288 smr u //•/1324 hin-ntr Hnty-iiwt-fb'&l hrp wsljt 1278 pr-n 1268 hm-ntr Hnty-mdft 682 )jrp hwt-thnt 682 smr n 1242, 1324 hm-ntr Hnty-tnti 682 hrp hmw-ntr !^nfrw 1 345 smsw iz 1272 hm-ntr Hry-bik-f 6S2 hrp hntt (nb) 682 smsw hiyt shd irw sny pr-n 658 jim-n'tr z! Snfrw 1324 hrp sht 682 wrbw 1272, 1282 'hm-ntr Zkr 682, 29207 hrp kmw 130 shd Wrb-swt-Wsr-k!-f\215 hm-ntr §hk sdty 1324 'hrp tni! 1242 shd wrbw Nhn-Rr 1143 hm-ntr §nfrw 1324 htv Mnw 1324 shd wrbw Rr Nhn-Rr 1275 hm-ntr Dd-Sps 682 )uy Hr 1324 shd wrbw m Hr-f-Rr-wr 1268, 1269 /,w-Av530, 718, 1174, 1324 shd wrbw 1156b, 1175, shd pr-ri 658 'hm{t)-ntr Hwt-Hr /;n-W)/ 128, 199, 865, 869, 992, ' shd pr-snr szpw-ib-Rr 1136 1330 1263, 1278, 1287, 1319a, 1262, Nfr-ki-Rr-nm-mh 212 hm(t)-ntr Hwt-Hr nbl nhl 157b, shd B, 1324, 1341, 1342, 1480, 718, shdhmw-k! 1270a '1136 1663 shd hnlvw-s 1272 hmw 682 /iO'-?/)«w212, 1159, 1191, 1278, hwt-Oih 1143 s'hd'zs7\& hry-wdb m 1287, 1324 shd zs pr-hd 535 hry-pr n pr-nsw 1 30 hkrtnswwrtt 1319a, 1330 1262, 1265 hrysst) 682, 718, 992, 1272, 1275 shmbtt s'hm z!w 1288 'hry ssU mb-swt-Wsr-ki-f 65455 zi nsw 1242, 1273, 1274, 1277, Zi Hr.f-Rr-wr 157a, b hry ssti wdr-nsw 718 ihm (/;) 1324, 1345 hr(yw) ssti Hr-f-Rr-wr hry sSti' [Mn-swt]-Ny-wsr-Rr s'hm z! zit nsw 682 ' 65951 157a, b z!wNhn 1324 (ssmtv) inut 865 hry SSti n pr-nsw 157a, b 1603 Z.-Z7 718, 1191, 1324, 1510, sd!wtvl\8 hry sst! n pr-dwit 1143, 1324, zs 128, 527, 718, 1168, 1488, 626, 1262, 1319a, b, 1383, 65951 idiwtv bit V 1603 1341, 1818 hry sst! n nb-f65S, 'l324, zs rw (n) nsw 718, 1011, 1191 sdiwty ntr, 869 hry ssti n nsw m st-fnbl 1383 1282 s'diwty ntr '^ 1324 hry sstf n nsw m sstf ub 1383 zsrw(n)ntr 1319a, b, 1341 hry sstf n ntr-f 682 zspr-hd 521 nsw 1480 hry SSti n sdiwty ntr 1263 spss hry SSti Hr nb mirt 1345 tiv/y 1324, 1510 hry sst! Hr-f-Rr-wr 157b sbi Hr Ijnty pi 1383 hry-tp Nhb 1143, 1166 snii wdr-mdw n hwt-wrt 1272 hry dbit "65951 sm!{?) Mnw m IJr-Snfrw 1324 tity 1324, 1510 'hkihwt 1159, 1262, 1265, 1319a, sm!(?)Hr 1324, 1383 rr "1341, 1342 smr 2\2, 1143 t/.r.'/ //u7-///- nb 528

smr wriv 112, 128, 199, 992, rfiv.'/ Hwt-Hr rr nb m swt-s nbt hwy-r 1383 1143, 1159, 1166, 1262, 1263, 157b 1319a, b, hnty-s pr-ri 65455 1265, 1278, 1287, 1345, 1383, hntt Hwt-Hr-f-Rr 157a, B 1324, 1341, 1342, Uncertain reading: 'hrpr'h 1143, 1324 1480, 1574 mrwt 1383 'hrp wrbw 1324 smr wriy n PLATES

No. 691

2. No. 1242

' 7^

20 30

3. No. 1168 4. No. 1170

5 10 20 30 Cm

2. No. 1161

3. No. 430

@ 000

1. No. 1173

2. No. 1174

3. No. 1288

PLATE VIII

T 1

2. No. 1223

f^^M

.^C7 \n\i li

PLATE IX

No. 1272 r

2. No. 1345

PLATE X

I. No. 1324

2. No. 1510

PLATE XI

=^ ^ O ^^37 111 ^T^rdi CD air

r— i\fp^ ^z^ 4 ^

PLATE XII

3. No. 1266

2. No. 1267

PLATE XIll

S 10

1. No. 1212

3. No. 1192

PLATE XIV

No. 130 mm-"

PLATE XVI

^SE

'^ ?^^S5|^mm? '^R, ^^fosms^^ssfn I

nil

^ PLATE XVlll

1. No. 1166

2. No. 1143

PLATE XIX

A m" immMis^i

PLATE XX

[^ • -; /^^ .^S-ftisi-. y iitr^^

fsdnf^f^ PLATE XXII O

I II i^' m

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(<^

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^ ^-^A Dl^t^^ vs

2. No 65955

^:^

5 10

3. No. 65953

PLATH XXIII

1. No. 1270A (front), 869, 1270B (front), 865

2. No. 1270A (side), 1270B (side), 864, 1270C

PLATE XXIV

1. No.

O S 10 20 30 AO So Cr

3. No. 866

PLATE XXV

O 5 20 30 +0 Cr

3. No. 994

PLATE XXVI

1. No. 1429A

55S, op

D===,

PLATE XXVII

I. No. 1156A

50 60 Cm.

2. No. II56B r

\ PLATE XXVI

No. 718 False Doors

PLATE XXIX

rijMjMmiM^mmmm^mMm^

No. 718 Lintel

2. No. 718 Agricultural Scenes PLATE XXX

No. 718 Offering Bearers

PI AIH XXXI

z=ft^

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^«^

" o •T £ I t I t g?i

( 2;,

^k -;^i? 1|^

^ ^^

PLATE XXXIl

^1 in y _a ;Vf^.,i«£=t^j e=^C<2*

i^ u 'IS

El ^'i'Lol' ir ir

4^ I ElL jra 4°

10 10 30 40 PLATE XXXIV PLATE XXXV

K'fSsToa^Sa^J/^Al-^ MMM^ '® kiUMif 5^T rti O 1

i5^

?jgriSf^ii=

^Ml4

2. No. 1818 PLATE XXXVl

MQ iuici4 PLATE XXXVII

I. No. 1264

2. No. 1262

PLATE XXXVIll

1. No. 212

cnitii^lif I ^'SaAfiira^.

2. No. 627

m ^^?^^^r^

^' icp i( mm

1 I

§1 o

1. No. 1287 rEfr T^WM^Xf '^1^11 ^ y fp Dr^D 1 p

^ >-^ o '<%^ .v^ 5 10 20 30 Cn

2. No. 1 1 79

PLATE XL

I. No. 65954

5 10

2. No. 29207

3. No. 29208

PLATE XLl

50 rp o 5A o

^ ® hM>^^tmM.

1. No. 1603

r^3^^^

2. No. 1487

fl ^^ #ffp

3. No. 1488

PLATE XLIl

1^/^.

1. No. 1293 « •vm IJ u

2. No. 38071

3. No. 1663

Fine k LI