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American Leadership in Quantum Technology Joint Hearing

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American Leadership in Quantum Technology Joint Hearing AMERICAN LEADERSHIP IN QUANTUM TECHNOLOGY JOINT HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY & SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENERGY COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION OCTOBER 24, 2017 Serial No. 115–32 Printed for the use of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://science.house.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 27–671PDF WASHINGTON : 2018 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY HON. LAMAR S. SMITH, Texas, Chair FRANK D. LUCAS, Oklahoma EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON, Texas DANA ROHRABACHER, California ZOE LOFGREN, California MO BROOKS, Alabama DANIEL LIPINSKI, Illinois RANDY HULTGREN, Illinois SUZANNE BONAMICI, Oregon BILL POSEY, Florida ALAN GRAYSON, Florida THOMAS MASSIE, Kentucky AMI BERA, California JIM BRIDENSTINE, Oklahoma ELIZABETH H. ESTY, Connecticut RANDY K. WEBER, Texas MARC A. VEASEY, Texas STEPHEN KNIGHT, California DONALD S. BEYER, JR., Virginia BRIAN BABIN, Texas JACKY ROSEN, Nevada BARBARA COMSTOCK, Virginia JERRY MCNERNEY, California BARRY LOUDERMILK, Georgia ED PERLMUTTER, Colorado RALPH LEE ABRAHAM, Louisiana PAUL TONKO, New York DRAIN LAHOOD, Illinois BILL FOSTER, Illinois DANIEL WEBSTER, Florida MARK TAKANO, California JIM BANKS, Indiana COLLEEN HANABUSA, Hawaii ANDY BIGGS, Arizona CHARLIE CRIST, Florida ROGER W. MARSHALL, Kansas NEAL P. DUNN, Florida CLAY HIGGINS, Louisiana RALPH NORMAN, South Carolina SUBCOMMITTEE ON RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY HON. BARBARA COMSTOCK, Virginia, Chair FRANK D. LUCAS, Oklahoma DANIEL LIPINSKI, Illinois RANDY HULTGREN, Illinois ELIZABETH H. ESTY, Connecticut STEPHEN KNIGHT, California JACKY ROSEN, Nevada DARIN LAHOOD, Illinois SUZANNE BONAMICI, Oregon RALPH LEE ABRAHAM, Louisiana AMI BERA, California DANIEL WEBSTER, Florida DONALD S. BEYER, JR., Virginia JIM BANKS, Indiana EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON, Texas ROGER W. MARSHALL, Kansas LAMAR S. SMITH, Texas SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENERGY HON. RANDY K. WEBER, Texas, Chair DANA ROHRABACHER, California MARC A. VEASEY, Texas, Ranking Member FRANK D. LUCAS, Oklahoma ZOE LOFGREN, California MO BROOKS, Alabama DANIEL LIPINSKI, Illinois RANDY HULTGREN, Illinois JACKY ROSEN, Nevada THOMAS MASSIE, Kentucky JERRY MCNERNEY, California JIM BRIDENSTINE, Oklahoma PAUL TONKO, New York STEPHEN KNIGHT, California, Vice Chair JACKY ROSEN, Nevada DRAIN LAHOOD, Illinois BILL FOSTER, Illinois DANIEL WEBSTER, Florida AMI BERA, California NEAL P. DUNN, Florida MARK TAKANO, California LAMAR S. SMITH, Texas EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON, Texas (II) C O N T E N T S October 24, 2017 Page Witness List ............................................................................................................. 2 Hearing Charter ...................................................................................................... 3 Opening Statements Statement by Representative Lamar S. Smith, Chairman, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives ..................... 5 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 7 Statement by Representative Barbara Comstock, Chairwoman, Subcommittee on Research and Technology, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives ............................................................................ 9 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 11 Statement by Representative Daniel Lipinski, Ranking Member, Sub- committee on Research and Technology, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives ....................................................... 13 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 15 Statement by Representative Randy K. Weber, Chairman, Subcommittee on Energy, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Rep- resentatives ........................................................................................................... 17 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 19 Statement by Representative Marc A. Veasey, Ranking Member, Sub- committee on Energy, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives .................................................................................... 21 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 23 Statement by Representative Eddie Bernice Johnson, Ranking Member, Com- mittee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives .... 25 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 26 Witnesses: Panel I Dr. Carl J. Williams, Acting Director, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology Oral Statement ................................................................................................. 27 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 30 Dr. Jim Kurose, Assistant Director, Computer and Information Science and Engineering Directorate, National Science Foundation Oral Statement ................................................................................................. 37 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 39 Dr. John Stephen Binkley, Acting Director of Science, U.S. Department of Energy Oral Statement ................................................................................................. 52 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 54 Discussion ................................................................................................................. 70 (III) IV Page Panel II Dr. Scott Crowder, Vice President and Chief Technology Officer for Quantum Computing, IBM Systems Group Oral Statement ................................................................................................. 90 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 92 Dr. Christopher Monroe, Distinguished University Professor & Bice Zorn Professor, Department of Physics, University of Maryland; Founder and Chief Scientist, IonQ, Inc. Oral Statement ................................................................................................. 101 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 103 Dr. Supratik Guha, Director, Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Professor, Institute for Molecular Engineering, Uni- versity of Chicago Oral Statement ................................................................................................. 115 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 117 Discussion ................................................................................................................. 125 AMERICAN LEADERSHIP IN QUANTUM TECHNOLOGY Tuesday, October 24, 2017 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SUBCOMMITTEE ON RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY AND SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENERGY COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY, Washington, D.C. The Subcommittees met, pursuant to call, at 10:06 a.m., in Room 2318 of the Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Barbara Com- stock [Chairwoman of the Subcommittee on Research and Tech- nology] presiding. (1) 2 LAMA A S. SMITH, Texas EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON, Tax.as CHAIRMAN RANKING MEMBER ttongrrss of th£ tlnttrd ~tatrs Jtonsc of 'Rcprmcntatiocs COMMITIEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY 2321 RAYBURN HOUSE OfFICE BUILDING WASHINGTON, DC 20515-6301 (202) 225-6371 www.sciance.housa gov American Leadership in Quantum Technology Tuesday, October 24, 2017 !O:OOa.m. 2318 Rayburn House Office Building Witnesses Panel I: Dr. Carl J. Williams, Acting Director, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology Dr. Jim Kurose, Assistant Director, Computer and Infmmation Science and Engineering Directorate, National Science Foundation Dr. John Stephen Binkley, Acting Director of Science, U.S. Department of Energy Panel II: Dr. Scott Crowder, Vice President and Chief Technology Officer for Quantum Computing, IBM Dr. Christopher Monroe, Distinguished University Professor & Bice Zorn Professor, Department of Physics, University of Maryland; Founder and Chief Scientist, IonQ, Inc. Dr. Supratik Guha, Director, Nanosciencc and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory; Professor, Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago 3 U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY HEARING CHARTER October 17,2017 TO: Members, Subcommittee on Research and Technology & Subcommittee on Energy FROM: Majority Staff, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology SUBJECT: Joint Subcommittee Hearing: "American Leadership in Quantum Technology" The Subcommittee on Research and Technology and the Subcommittee on Energy of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology will
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