1035 The Canndinn M ine rak>g i st Vol.35, pp. 1035-1039(1997)

NORMANDITE,THE T|.ANALOGUE OF IAVTruTT FROMMONT SAINT.HILAIRE, OUEBEC

GEORGEY.CHAO*

Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Cmtre, Departrnent of Earth Sciences, Carknn University, Onawg Onmrio KI S 586

ROBERTA.GAI.]LTf

Research Division, Catadist Museum of Nature, OUawg Ontario KIP 6P4

ABsrRAcr

Nomrandite, the titanium analogue of lflvenite, is a new mineral species from the Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec. It is found in nepheline syenite and in miarolitic cavities in nepheline syenite, associaredwith nepheline, albite, microcline, aegirine, natrolite, catapleiite, kupletskite, eudialyte, cancdnite, viliaumite, dnkite and donnayite-(Y). It occurs as transparent !o mnslucent oralge-brown aggregates of subparallel acicular crystals up to 10 mm in lengrl, and as patches ofyellow, fibrous crystals. It has a white !o very pale yellow streak and vitreous lusfer. It is brittle, with distinct {100} and {@1} cleavages, and a conchoidal fracbrre. Normandite is biaxial negative, with indices of refraction a 1.743(2), p 1.785(2) and | 1.810(5), 2V*.rn the range 72--94',/V*1e.= 74'and amoderate dispenion r> v. Pleochroism is pronounced:Xpale yellow,Yyellow,Zbrownish red to deep red-The optical orientation is Y= b,X ttc=15" (in obtrse angle p). Normandite is monoclinic, spacegrolupF2lla,witha 10.828(7), b 9.790(7), c 7 .054(2) A, p 108_:20(3)', V 709.9(8) A3 and Z = 4. T\e stongest six lines of the X-ray powder-diftaction parem td n A(I)(hkDl are:3.e42(20)(r21),3.234Q0)(310),2.8s9(100Xr22),2.8a7Qo)Q2D, 1.762Q0)(2M) and r.74r(20)(%:2).T\e crystalsare elongateon [001] and flattenedon {010}, with the following forms, in order of predominance:{ 100}, { 110} and {001}. Electron-microprobeanalyses gave Na2O 9.26(9.19-9.40), KzO 0.01(0.01-0.02),CaO 15.38(15.08-15.59), MnO 9.31(9.11-9.52),FeO 6.1,3(5.89-6.26),TiOz 17.s1(17.09-17.83),Mzos 3.89(3.514.6r),ZrOz 2.62(2.29-2.73), 5iO231,.92(31.6942.Aq,F5.71(4.82-5.31), O = F -2.15,tot2198.99 vtl.Vo.The empiricalformula basedon 9(O + F) is: Na1.12Ca1.6(Mne.aeFee32)26.61(h6.pMo.rrZo.os)>1.s1Si200Q.eF1.e1,ideallyNaCa(Mn,Fe)GNbZ)SizOOF; D;*g. = 3.50(1), Dsr.= 3.48 g/cm3.The n:me honomCharles Normand, who discoveredthe species.

Keywords:normandite, lsrv mineral species,Tl-analogue of lAvenite,Mont Saint-Hilaire,Quebec. Somuenn

la normandite,analogue titadf0re de Ia lAvenite,est une nouvelle espBce min6rale provenant de la carridrePoudrette, au mont Saint-I{ilaire,Qudbec. 9o 1ugpuvs dansIa sy6nitendphdlinique et lescavit6s mirolitiques decelle-ci, en association avec n6ph6linq albite, microcline, aegyrine,natrolite, carapl6iite,kupletskite, eudiall'te, cancrinite,viliaumite, rinkite et donnayite-(Y).On la trouve en agr6gatsde cristaux orange-bruntransparents i translucides atteignantjusqu'd 10 mm et en tachesde cristaux jaunes fibreux. Elle possddeune rayue blanche i jaune trBs pale et un 6clat vitreux. Elle est cassante,avec une fracture conchoidaleet desclivages { 100} et {001}. Elle estbiaxe n6gative, et sesindices de r6fractionsofia 1,743(2),p 1.785(2)et Y 1.810(5);2V6. es1dsns I'intervalle 72-{4',2Vot .est€galt 74",et la dispemionr > y estmoyenne. Elle a un pldocbroi'sme prononc6:Xjauneplle,Yjavne,ZrougebrunatreArougefonc€.L'orientationoptiqueestY=b,X^c=15'(dansl'angleobtus p).I^anormanditeestmonoclinique,groupe spatial P2rk,ave'alO.828(7),b9.i9OQ),cl.OS+Q) A"p 108.20(3)",V7Og.g@ A3 et Z= 4. Les six raies les plus intensesdu spectrede difhaction (m6thodesdes poudras)td et A(D(hkDl sont:3.942(2I)(121), 3.2y(30)(3l}),2.859(l@)(122),2.8fi7QqQ20),1.762Q$)QM)et1.74|QDQ42).Lescristauxsontallong6s sur [@l] etaprplatis sur {010}, avec les formes suivantes,pr6sent6es selon leur importance:{100}, tI10] et {001}. Les analysesi la microsondedlectroniqueontdonn6 NuO9.25(9.194.40), K2O 0.01(0.01{.02), CaO 15.38(15.08-15.59), MnO 9.31(9.114.52), FeO 6.13(5.89-6.26),TiOz 17.51(17.09-17.83),Nbzos 3.89(3.51-4.61),7rOz2.62(2.29-2.73), SiOz 31.92(31.69-32.M), F 5.11(4.82-5.31),O = F -2.15, total 98.99Vopar poids. La formule empirique,calcul6e pour 9(O + F), est: Na1.12Ca1.s3(Mno.+sFeo.rz)>0.er(Tio.s2Mo.rrzro.08)>r.orSiz.ooOz.geFr.orou, de fagonid6ale, NaCa(Mn,Fe)(Ii,M,Z)SizOzOF; D* = 3.50(l), Dor". = 3.48 g/cm:. l,e nom honoreM. CharlesNormand, qui en a fait la ddcouverte.

Mots-cMs:normandite, nouvelle esplce mindrale,analogue titanifBre de Ia lAvenite,mont Saint-Hilaire,Qu6bec.

* Presentaddress: 2031 Delmar Drive, Ottaw4 Ontario KIH 5P6 t E-mail address:[email protected] 1036 THE CANADIAN MINERAL@IST

INTRoDUc'noN

Normandite,ideally NaCa(Mn"Fe)(IiNb,Zr)Siz9OF and formerly designatedas UK 59 (Chaoet al. l99O), occursin thePoudretre qutrry, Mont Saint-Hilaire,Rouville County,Quebec. The alkalinerocksof MontSaint-Hilaire arewell knownfor thediversity of rare-elementminerals they contain (Horv6th & Gault 1990),and normandite is yet anotherexample of thisdivenity. The data p'resented hereinestablish this sfBcies as a newmember of theltvenite groupof minemls(Iable l). Thesechemically and struc- turallyrelated minerals are commonly found in alkaline igneousenvironments. Merlino & Perchiazzi(1988) suggestedthe generalformula Xro(SizQ)+(OoOH,Dso whereX representscations of various possiblecharges and radii, and characterizedby octahedraland rougbly octahedralcoordination. As well, they derived ten structrre-t)pesfor thegroup, and zuggested a classification schemeusefirl to understandthe structuralrelationships amongthe known membersof the group and to predict rnknown members.Besides normandite. other members

MFA ChmielForola Sp@ Group

Seidwite (NarCs)r(ft Tffi )rsi,odo,F), EUc Frc. 1. Scanning electron micrograph of acicular norma-ndite Bupslits Ns2cozrsi2oTF2 hrla from Mont Saint-Hilake, Quebec. Scale bar corresponds Wohl6ito NecadaJ,lb)siP'(o,oH,F), P2r to l0 pm. Rosqhsbite (Ca,Nab@r,Ti)Sir0rF P1 I[ortdahlito (ce,Na!@,Ti)siuo{o$z PI GoEenite NB{€jT(SirOt)DFa pi Ilsitrito N&Css(nzrMo?)3SiosFs P1 Bagftdsdite Cs.(A,TDSirq F2rla found againin 1986in the samequarry as an abun.t4nt Cuspidioe ch4siro-r(F,oIIh P21la accessoryassociated with nephelineand albite in a large Ni@lito Carl.lh(Sip')4od, P2r Jatrhrugite Ns.IvttrF3TirSi4Or(OH,F,O)'3 nln block of nephelinesyenite. Since that time, normandite Nomudite NaCa(MnFeXTr,Nb"a)SirO?OF P2rla hasbeen found frequently, butin minsl quantities,leading I.evoite (Na,Ca),(MoF,Fel(Z,rDSi'O{O,OEF> ntu us to believethat the mineral is often overlookedand is more abundanttlan it at first appeared.It is commonly associatedn ith nepheline,microcline, aegirine, catapleiite, of the group found at Mont Saint-Hilaire are l&venite, eudialyte,cancrinite, villiaumite and rinkite. A mineral wiihlerite, hiortdahlite and rosenbuschite. Normandite with similal pfiysicalproperties and chemical composition (pronounced NAWRMANDITE) recoFizes Mr. Charles as normanditehas beenfound in Russiaat Partachorr, Normand (b. 1963), of Monteal Quebec, who discovered Khibinamassif, KolaPeninsula and near the Koklukhtiuai the mineral and brought it to the attention of one of the and Muruai Rivers, Lovozero massif, Kola Peninsula authon (GYC). The new mineral and the name have been (Vlasov1966), atTamazn$t"HautAtlas, Morocco (Kadar approvedby theCommission onNew Minerals andMineral & Fontan1988, Khadem Allah 1993),and at Tenerife, Names, IMA. Cotype mat€rial is housed in the collections CanaryIslands (Ferguson 1978). ofthe C*nadianMuseum of Nmne, Ottaw4 undercatalogue numbersCMNMI 8154OmdCMNMI 81541,and theRoyal PHYsIcALAND Omcar kopemns Ontario Museum, Toronto, under catalogue numbers M44520afiM44521. Normanditeis generallyomngeto orange-brown; very fine fibers are yellow. The sneakis white to very pale OccuRREl:{cE yellow The mineral is translucentto transparentwith a vitreousluster. It is brittle, with a Mohs hardnessof 5 to Normandite was discovered in 1980 in miarolitic 6. The mineralhas distinct i100) and {001} cleavages cavities in nepheline syenite at the Poudrette quarry, and a conchoidalfracture. In the miarolitic cavities, Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebeco associated with albite, normanditeoccurs as groups of fine acicularcrystals up kupletskite, nafrolite and donnayite-(Y). The mineral was to 2 mm in lengthand as irregular fibrous patches;in the NORMANDITE FROM MONT SAINIHII.AIRE to37

TABLE 2. COMPOSMON OF NORMANDITE AND REI.ATED MINBRAIJ compositionsof Avenite,w6blerite and'titano-lAvenite' for comparison.The empirical formula of normandite (l) @ (3) (4) derivedfrom the analysisand basedon 9(O + F) is: Nonodite L6v@ib V/oblqito (Tit@ Ev@tp) Nar rzCar.m(Mno.a9Fe0:zbo.ar(fio.&2f.{h. 11Zs.6s)r1.s1Si26 nf/o lpft nf/o apft st'/o apfu sf/o apfu Oz.seFr.olor, ideally,NaCa(Mn"Fe)CIiNb,Zr)SizOOF. NazO 925 2.25 ll20 L97 7.55 t.92 10.70 2.88 A structuralstudy would be usefulto testthe orderingof KzO 0.01 0.(X 0.01 0.03 0.01 Mso 0.15 0.03 0.35 o.vr the Na, Ca, O andF sitessuggested in the ideal formula. CsO 15.38 2.6 6.94 t.O2 X.n 3.63 t0.9 1.54 The compatibilityindex derived ftom theGladstone- It{trO 9.31 0.9 10.38 120 3.39 0.38 10.34 l.l5 FcO 6.13 0.4 2.39 027 t.s4 0.t7 4.89 0.54 Dale calculationsl-(KrlK") = 0.033, is regardedas F%or 0.12 0.01 excellent(Mandarino 198 l). Al,oJ 0.04 0.01 0.05 0.01 si02 31.12 4.00 29.05 3.97 30.r2 4.05 30.y2 4.06 Tio, l75l 1.65 l.8l 0.19 2.05 0.20 I 1.30 l.l2 X-Rav CnvsretrocRAPrry ZtO, 2.62 0.16 26.18 t.74 15.01 0.96 t6.T) t.O1 Nb2O3 3.89 022 7.63 0.47 921 0.55 3.01 0.20 F 5.1I 2.02 3.71 1.60 4.18 t.73 1.55 0.4 precessionphotographs HrO (0.44) (0.40) (0.32) (0.27) Single-crystalX-ray show normanditeto be monoclinic,space group P21la.The stJM l0l.14 99.% 100.50 100.47 O - F -2.15 -1.56 -t.76 4.65 initial unit-cellparameters measured from thep'recession TOTAL 98.99 98.,$ 98.74 9.82 photograpbswere refined by a least-squares metho4 using Gandolfi X-ray-diftaction data(Table 3). The indexing (l) N,I@t Said-HilaiF, qteb*. Av@Ce Bult of firc eledru-oigoprobs ed}!6. F@ul8 of the Gandolfi diffraction lines was basedon the €llqnqd@ 6 the b6is of l8(GrF). (2) M@t Sailt-Iflairc, qEbe. Av@ge Fult of frve ole.NM{i@trobe @dys. Fmula calculatedd-values, using precessionphotographs as a eloiation o tbe b6is of 16(0) + 2(F,OH). Prcpqti@ of H?O el@larcd by soichiffiy. guide.It wasassumed that only the shongreflections on (3) M@l Said-Hihne, q8b€. A@ge Bilr of ft€ d6@-niqwFbe @atF6. Fd@b 6l@l"t'd @ tbe b6is of 16(0) + 2{F,O}D. P$pqtiq of HO elolaed by rroichi@erry. theprecession photograpbs were recorded on theGandolfi (a) Irywq Kola pqiouh, RNia K6&oes l9a0). diffraction pattern.The refinedunit-ceU parameters are: apfu: atoru pq f@le Ei! a t0.828(7), b 9.790(7), c 7.05 4(2) A, B I 08.20(3)'. nephelinesyenite, normandite corrnonly rccursas euhedral prismaticcrystals up to l0 mm ia lengthas well asin groups of subparallelacicular crystals or fine fibers.The crystals areelongate on [001] andflattened on with the IO 6.70 6.701 001 r0 2.165 2.t630 {100}, 5 5.50 5.496 Irr l0 2.011 2.0t32 5t0 followingforrns being observd in orderof pedominance: l0 5.13 5.143 200 l0 1.974 Ln56 u2 20 3.942 3.9395 7zt 1.97t9 82 and (100)and (110) faces are 3.3s05 {100}, {110} {001}.The 5 3.350 w2 l0 1.876 I.ETN t42 commonly striated longitudinally.Normandite is 30 3234 t235t -t?2310 20 LlA 1.7614 2n4 nonfluorescentin ulfraviolet lighL The demsity of themineral, lfr) 2.8s9 2.489 20 t.741 t.74W 242 10 2.aa 2.8078 320 20 1.727 t.7280 Ztz measuredwith a Bermanbalance at room temperature, 5 2.749 2.7443 b2 20 I.688 1.6886 610 3.50(1)g/cml, i0 2.477 2.4757 in 20 t.621 t.6269 ts2 is which compareswell with thecalculated l0 2.441 2.M15 492 5 1.554 1.5532Bsz densityof 3.48 g/cm3 . The mineralis not attackedby I : 1 l0 23371 032 5 1.532 t.5312 5t2 l0 2276 22rA 420 5 t.486 t.4857 3zs HCI orHNO3. IO 2.ln 2.tu4 trn Optically,normandite is biaxialnegative, with indices of refraction 1.743(2), y (1,= Godoffi e@q I14.6 m in diFeh, CoKeEdidion, t- 1.7$2 A indtiF vi&slty a P 1.785(2)and 1.810(5) Btidlt€d 589nm); the angle 2Vwas measured on nvocqystals: 72(l)' and 84(1)'; 2Vs6s.isequal to 74.'Ihere is moderare dispersion,r> v. Pleocbroismis pronounced:Xpaleyellow, Yyellow andZbrownish red to deepred. The optical orientationis Y = b, X A c = 15"(in obtuseangle F). DscussloN

CrumsrRy Thecrystal structres of cuspidine(Sabri et aL 1977), AvenireMelini l98l), niocalite(Mellini 1982),wdhlerite Normanditewas analyzed using wavelength dispersion (Mellini & Merlino 1979), hiortdahlite (Merlino & on a CambridgeMicroscan MK5 electron microprobe Percbia"i 1985,198? andburpalite (Medino et al. L99O), with an operatingvoltage of 15 kV and a beamcurrent andthe descriptionofjanhaugite, show a closestructural of 0.30 pA. The following standardswere employed: relationshipamong all theseminerals. WaIs of octahedra, albite (Na), anorthite(Ca), hornblende(I(Fe,Ti,Si), consistingof various cations,are interconnectedby manganoanilnenite (lvln),NaNbO3 (Nb), zircon(Zr) and corner sharingto createa framework stengthenedby biotite (F). Mg andAl were sought,but not delected. the SizOzunits (Merlino &Perchtazzt1988). The cell Rhodochrosite(Mn) andLiF (F) wereused as standards parametersand the X-ray powder-diftaction patternof in the analysisofthe ltvenite. The averageresult offive nomundite arevery closeto thoseof the l8venite-group analysesofnormandite is presentedinTable 2, alongwith minslals, particularlyltvenite andjanhaugite(Raade & 1038

TABLE4. SELECTEDPROPERTIES OF NORMANDITE AND RELATEDMIMRALS

(l) (2) (3) (4) (s) (6) (7) Normandite "Titano LAvenite LAvenite Wohlerite W0hlerite Janhaugite lAvenite" Spacegroup F2/o P2y'a P2rla F2y'a P2l P2l P2/n 4 (A) 10.828(6) r0.83(r) r0.E2s(5) r0.823(3) 10.863(8) l 0.65E(2) b 9.790(6) e.98(l) e.97e(s) 10.244(3) 10.255(e) 9.787(4) 7.0s4(2) 7.174(s) 7.173(2) 7 290(2) 7.2e0(3) 13.93r(3) pe) r08.20(3) 108.l(l) l 08.20(2) 109.00(4) r 09.l 9(4) 107.82(2) RI. cr t.743(2) t.720 t.67 t.72o(t) 1.700 t.70tQ) t.770(4) p t.7EsQ) t.746 t.69 t.7sr(2) 1.716 t.7t5(2) r.E28(4) 'l r.El0(5) t.760 1.72 t.774(2) 1.726 1.726(2) 1.9I 0(calc.) 2VC) (-)72 (-)73-74 (-)40-70 G)78(l) (-)7t-7e (-)72(3) (+)r0 Dispersion Moderate Weak Stong Distinct Indistinct r>v r

(l) Mont Saint-Hilaire,Qudbec, this strdy. (2) Koklukhtiuai River, Invozero massif, Russia (Kutukova 1940). (3) Langesund$orddisrict, Norway @obeft et al1990); cell parametersfrom Mellini (l9El). (4) Mont Saint-Hilaire, Qudbec, this study. (5) Brevih Norway (Winchell & Winchell l96l); spacegroup and cell parametersfrom Mellini and Merlino (1979). (6) Mont Saint-Hilaire, Qudbec, this study. (7) Gjerdingen, Nordmark4 northern Oslo region, Norway (Raade & Mladeck l9E3).

Mladeck1983), suggesting an isostructuralrelationship Editor NelsonEby andinterim editorWallaceMacl,ean (Iable 4). Tianinm-for-zirconiumzubstinrtion in llvenite for manyhelpful suggestionsto improvethe manuscripL wasproposed by Simonov& Belov (1960)and byMellini This work was supporledby the Natural Sciencesand (1981).Thewiderange of Ti-Zvariation in lAvenite,as EngineeringResearch Council of Canada(to GYC). reportedin Vlasov(1966), Mellini (1981)and this study, indicatesthat a completesolid-solution exists between Rrpenrxcrs Itvenite and normandiie. All fourmembersof thellvenite groupfound at Mont CHAo,G.Y., CoNI,or.l, R.P. & Ver Vnruurerl,J. (1990): Mont Saint-Ifilafue@urin similarenvironments,mostcommonly Saint-Hilaire lnkn owns. MfueraL. Rec, 21, 363-368. in miarolitic cavitieswithin the nephelinesyenite and in the nephelinesyenite iself: one specimenwas found to FhctroN,AK (198): The occunenceof ramsayit€,titan-Hvetdte containrosenbuschite,wOhlerite and hiortdahlitein a single and a fluorine-rich eucolite in a nepheline-syenite Canarv Islands. Contrib. MineraL cavity.Although definitive, are inclusion fromTenerife. not color andmorphology Petrol.6,l5-2O. useful in visually distinguishingthese minerals at Mont generallypale yellow Saint-Hilaire.Hiortdablite is and HonvAru, L. & Gau-r, R.A. (1990): The mineralogy of Mont paleyellow thick acicular,rosenbuschite is andfibrous, Saint- Hilaire, Quebec. Mincral. Rec. 21, 28/-.359. wOhleriteis yellow andtabular, normandite is orangeto yelloq aciculartofibrous, and lflveniteis b,rownish yellow, Kaoen, M. & ForraN, F. (1988): Latitano-lAvenie aespegmatites aciculr to fibrous,aud occurs most commonly in xenoliths agpaitiques du massif du Tamazeght, Maroc. Pdle titanifdre and pegmatites. de la sdrie de la llverilte, Colloquc Aspects modemes dz In minlralogie a cristalbchimie dzs minlraun li2ge, Belgi4w. Acrotowlmcnr,mlrs I(naow Au-as, B , (193): Sydniteset Pegmdites Ndph&iniqles (Hailt The authorsthank PeterJones, Carletotr University, d,u Complexe Alcalin du Tamazeght Atlns dz Midelt, Manc).Ttrlxr,, dedctorat, Universit6 Paul-Sabaier, Toulouse, forthe electron-micro'probeanalyses, and Ldsd6 Horvdth France. forinformation on theprovenanceof normanditeatMont Saint-Hilaire.We aregratefirl o Carl Frmcis andAnthony Krrn-rrova, EI (l9zl0): Tltanol,llvenitefrom theLovozeroMassif. Marianoforrevisq,r5 6f ths manuscript,and toAssociate Thtdy IgtL AI@d. Naut SSSR31, 23-29 (in Russ.). NORMANDITE FROM MONT SAINIHII.AIRE 1039

Mawpennlo,J.A. (1981):The Gladstone-Dalerelationship. IV. Raeoe, G. & Muoecr, M.H. (1983): Janhaugite, The compatibilityconc€pt.and its ap'phaflon Cut MilrzraL NasMngTizSiaOrs(OH"F,O)g,a new mineralfrom Norway. l9,Ml- 450. Am-MinzraL 68, 1216-1219. lvlsmq M. (1981):Refinementof the crystal stucure of lllvenite. RoBERrs,W.L., CaMrsFrr, T.J. & Rarp, G.R., Jn. (1990): TschermaksMineral PetrognMifi- 7A, 99-112. Ftrcyclop dia ofMhrzrals (second ed"). Vm Nosrad Reinhol4 NewYork,N.Y. (1982):Nimlie revise&twinning and cry*al snrrcure. TSctrcrnaksMincraL Petrogr Mft. n,2A9-266. SnsuRt S., Kawernna, A., IIErNr, I., KusAcril, t & I(unnei I(. (197'7):Thercfineme,ntofthecrystal strucErcof cuspidina & Mm.mqo,S. (1979):Refinement of the crystal Mhu ral J. (J ap an) t, 28G298. structureof wdhleite. TschcrnaksMineraL Petmgr Min. 26,r@-123. Suonov, VJ. & Buov, N.V.(1960): Cqrshl stucfine of lovenite. DoH.Acad-Sci USS&EarthScL Sea.l{,167-170. Iumm,lo, S. & Pm,omz, N. (1985):The crystalstructurc of hiortdahlite I. TschermaksMineral. Petrogn Mitt.34, VI-Asov, ICA., ed. (1966): Geoclumistry and Mincralogy of 2n-3rc. Rare Ekm,entsand Genetic ftpes of Thcir Deposits. 2. Mirrcralogy of RareElzmens. Israel ProgramSci. TFaNl., &-(1987): Thecrysfal stnrcurrc of hiordablite Jerusalem,Israel. II. Mineral Petlol. 37, ?5-35. WNcHEr" AN. & Wtr lcfBr, H. (1%l): Elementsof Optical - &_(1988): Modularminemloryintuorspidine MfurcralogyII (forrfied"). JohnWiley andSons, New York, groupof minerals.Can Mhpral26,933-943. N.Y.

Ksouymov, A.P.,PtrsHq{ARovsxil, D.Y,, Kutlcov4 LIvL& fiuamq VJ. (1990):Burpalie, a newmineral fromBurpalinskiimassif,NofihTiansbajkal, USSR its crystal ReceivedJatuary 10,1997, revised manascript accepted Jwz strucore and OD character.Eut: J. MinzraL 2.177-185. 15.1997.