Springfield Avenue
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BRT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT BRT oriented development and sites Experience in other cities has shown that BRT thrives as a springfi eld avenue system when it is integrated with land use planning. Higher density-development at BRT stops serves many ends. First, it boosts ridership; second, it creates livelier neighborhoods at BRT stops; and third, it creates momentum to expand the BRT network. For these reasons, this study chose four sites in Newark where it proposes BRT stops: Springfi eld Avenue and South 10th Street; the Orange Street, the Bloomfi eld Avenue Newark Light Rail station and the Rail Train Station at Newark Airport. These were chosen because of their variety; the Springfi eld corridor site is in a low-rise residential neighborhood while the Airport site has regional if not international signifi cance. Sites were also chosen because extensive planning work had been accomplished orange street at each. As part of this effort, a graduate planning studio at Rutgers studied and proposed phased urban designs for each that included zoning recommendations and fi scal impact assessments. The analysis varies based on unique conditions at each site there. The particular interests of students involved also drove the research at a particular site, but this specifi c information can apply more generally to sites throughout Newark. A summary of each follows in this section. bloomfi eld avenue n j i t . airport station r u t g e r s 21 TOD - SPRINGFIELD AVE. The site at Springfi eld Avenue and South 10th Street straddles the route of the GoBus, a new bus rapid transit line, which began service in 2008. The history of the site downtown is important. The area was dramatically affected by the social unrest that befell Newark in the 1960s and its revival holds important symbolic signifi cance for the City. Despite the many vacant lots in the area, the community is well umdnj brt station organized and ridership on existing bus lines is robust. The studio’s three-phased proposal focuses on infi ll as well as larger-scale, comprehensive development. Special emphasis is directed at providing on-street parking and open space on the oddly shaped lots in the area. Because of the many studies relevant to this site, the student group 12th st. summarizes each in the following section; many are relevant to other sites throughout Newark. 22nd st. Fairmount St Norfolk St Colt St Grove St Valley St Valley n S 12th St Centre St Station Irvington Bus Terminal 12th St UMDNJ Sanford Ave Sanford Ave Station Irvine Turner Blvd S 18th St South Orange n j Chancellor A L yons Ave i clinton ave. t Ball St Fabvan Pl Tuscan St ve Prospect St . Millburn Train Station Millburn V auxhall Rd A r ve ave. u t springfield g fi eld ave. ave. fieldfi f relin e g r spring spring s 22 TOD - SPRINGFIELD Ave MONCLAIR 23 GSP LEN RID TLEY LLEVILL LOOMFIELDOOMFO 21 T ORA 280 AST ORA ORA CAUC ARNY OUTH ORA 95 ARRISO LIVINGSTO MAPLEWOOD GSP 16th ave. springfieldRVINGTO ave. PRINGFIELD 78 O 22 LIZA GSP s10th st. 95 n j i avon ave. t . r u t g e r s bergen st. 23 TOD - SPRINGFIELD AVE. area description The area of this case study is approximately a quarter mile, or 45 acres, around the new bus stop at Springfi eld Avenue and South 10th Street in Newark’s Kent-Brenner neighborhood. The site is bounded by South 12th Street on the west, 16th Avenue to the north, Jacobs Street and Woodland Cemetery to the east and Avon Avenue to the south. One quarter mile has been shown in transportation and land use studies to be approximately how far people are willing to walk for retail and public transportation purposes. In April 2008, a new bus rapid transit line – the Go Bus – began providing rush hour express service from Irvington to Newark Penn Station, stopping at Springfi eld Avenue and South 10th Street. Access to improved transit infrastructure can serve as a strong catalyst for private investment. The bus stops are located on each side of Springfi eld Avenue, serving west and eastbound traffi c. The stations are located on the far side of the intersection in each direction, where vehicles pull along the sidewalk and parking has been prohibited. springfi eld ave. and s10th st. n j i t . r u t g e r springfi eld ave. and s10th st. s 24 TOD - SPRINGFIELD AVE. study zone 10th st. n 1/2 mile 1/4 mile 16th a ve. springfield ave. study zone study zone 1/2 mi zone brt station avon ave. n j i t . r u t g e bergen st. r s 25 TOD - SPRINGFIELD AVE. site goals The main goal for the Springfi eld Avenue site is to create a safe, bustling, and lively environment. This can be accomplished through attracting investment that takes full advantage of vacant and abandoned properties. fi eld ave. spring The Springfi eld Avenue planning team focused on the following site-specifi c goals: s10th st -Ensure safety and security through enhanced infrastructure fi eld Ave spring -Increase development densities around the BRT station at Springfi eld Avenue and South 10th Street -Enhance pedestrian connections to transit corridors -Preserve the variation in building heights and mix of land uses By creating a physical and regulatory landscape for a busier, s 10th st. livelier street environment, the City can encourage infi ll intersection density development and the upgrading of existing buildings. This history includes removing zoning restrictions to allow for a greater number of business and residential units. The pedestrian A key issue facing the Springfi eld Avenue area is the stand-alone structures. The residential areas of the environment can be made safe and attractive by placing longstanding perception that it is unsafe. This is largely due neighborhood have also been drifting toward a more buildings closer to sidewalks. Parking lots can be designed to the high vacancy rates and volume of abandoned buildings suburban style as well, embracing the “Bayonne Box” to minimize danger associated with vacant areas. A fi nal along the corridor, a condition that was precipitated by the residential unit. These developments incorporate two and three family detached houses fronted by driveways with goal is to enhance access to bus lines converging in the civic unrest in 1967. The recent mortgage foreclosure crisis n study area. has also negatively impacted the Springfi eld neighborhood. two car garages, resulting in small yards. While these Despite these setbacks, the City of Newark maintains its improvements may look good on paper, they add little value j efforts to revive the area, continuing a process that began to the perception of the neighborhoods along Springfi eld i over a decade ago. In 1998 the Newark Urban Enterprise Avenue, which still lacks activity along the sidewalk. t Zone Program was created to attract new retailers to Newark’s main commercial streets, including Springfi eld . Avenue. The program offers sales tax exemptions/ r reductions, tax credits and other incentives to businesses choosing to locate in these zones. This program has had an u impact on retaining and creating local businesses such as t the Newark Screens movie theater and attracting national g retailers such as Applebee’s and Home Depot. However, e because of outdated zoning, these were built according to a suburban style of commercial development that includes r springfi eld ave. / s10th st. deep setbacks to accommodate surface parking and large, s 26 TOD - SPRINGFIELD AVE. past planning efforts The neighborhoods along Springfi eld Avenue have attracted rutgers university voorhees transportation center signifi cant attention over the past ten years, with many A 1998 Rutgers University plan laid out a framework for studies focused on the corridor. These include commercial Recent investment in the Go Bus express bus service is the improving the commercial environment along Springfi eld development strategies, design guidelines, park plans result of multiple years of transportation studies. In 2005 Avenue. Proposals include increased community outreach, and transportation studies. Plans by nearby Irvington the Voorhees Transportation Center at Rutgers University building trust with local merchants, and creating fi nancial Township, the City of Newark, and Essex County, have recommended strategies for the bus service in Newark. resources for small businesses. The study suggests further also focused specifi cally on the area. The most recent and The study specifi cally cited the Springfi eld Corridor because research into improvement districts, including Business signifi cant among these is the Kent/Brenner/Springfi eld of its opportunity and also because of its potential as a Improvement Districts. Redevelopment Plan. symbol for Newark’s rebirth. It contributed other specifi c recommendations, such as less frequent stops between Each plan notes Springfi eld Avenue’s potential as a Newark Penn Station and the Irvington Bus Terminal, commercial and mixed-use corridor, high bus ridership, enhanced design of bus stops and clear route identifi cation. west side park conservancy and essex county a dedicated community, as well as ongoing struggles to attract investment after the unrest of 1967. Visioning efforts The West Side Park Master Plan, created by the non-profi t irvington township plan 2003 conducted resulted in calls for new and improved schools, West Side Park Conservancy and Essex County, has had a small business support, aid for new homeowners, guidelines signifi cant impact along the corridor with over $2.5 million Irvington, New Jersey developed a township plan in 2003. to improve streets, sidewalks and open spaces, and bringing invested in landscape and athletic structures in the last Irvington is an adjoining community whose border is less in large retailers to anchor investment in the area.