UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA ALUMNI ASSOCIATION SPRING 2017

U SCIENTISTS take on the Addiction crisis

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Made possible by members of the University of Minnesota Alumni Association since 1901 | Volume 116, Number 2 Spring 2017

4 Editor's Note 5 From the Desk of Eric Kaler 8 About Campus Restoration avocation, the best volleyball player in the land, and hello P.J. Fleck 14 Discoveries 18 Proof that gratitude works By Gayla Marty 26 Addiction 18 Opioids are killing young people, and pediatricians must help stop it, says Pamela Gonzalez 38 At the frontiers of neuroscience and addiction 24 An alumna mom’s story A Dance in the Sky 26 Led by famed architect William Pedersen, U alumni are leading a project that is transforming NYC By Alexander Gelfand A Soaring Passion 32 The story of how a U alumna became the world’s first stewardess By Tim Brady

36 Off the Shelf Jim Walsh’s Gold Experience: Following Prince in the 90s 32 By John Toren 39 Alumni Stories From drug czar to meatloaf queen 43 Stay Connected Your guide to the Alumni Association 48 Heart of the Matter Boy/Outside By Emily Freeman

Cover photograph of Pamela Gonzalez by Sara Rubinstein, photo illustration by Kristi Anderson Top: Sara Rubinstein • Hudson Yards: Courtesy KPF • Stewardesses: Everett Collection/Alamy IA® ALUMNI 0cNamara Al · ASSOCIATION University of M"1nnesota umnl Cente • r BOARD OF DIRECTORS Chair Dan McDonald, ’82, ’85 [email protected] Chair-Elect Sandra Ulsaker Weise 612-624-9831 Secretary Douglas Huebsch, ’85 Treasurer Laura Moret, ’76, ’81 f '!r-· ....., r .· .. Past Chair Alison Page,’96 President and CEO Lisa Lewis Jim Abrahamson, ’81 An Awora-WinninQ Wendy Williams Blackshaw, ’82 Eric Brotten, ’03 Meeting & tvent Venue Natasha Freimark, ’95 Catherine French, ’79 Nicholas Goldsmith Chad Haldeman, ’08 Mark Jessen, ’85 Maureen Kostial, ’71 Quincy Lewis, ’04, ’12 Peter Martin, ’00 Akira Nakamura, ’92 Amy Phenix, ’08 Roshini Rajkumar, ’97 Clinton Schaff, ’00 Kathy Schmidlkofer, ’97 Ann Sheldon, ’88 Abeer Syedah Tony Wagner, ’96, ’06 Myah Walker, ’10 Scott Wallace, ’80

UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA GOVERNANCE President Eric Kaler, ’82 Board of Regents Dean Johnson, chair

Photo by Rich Ryan David McMillan, ’83, ’87, vice chair Thomas Anderson, ’80 David McMillan, ’83, ’87 Richard Beeson, ’76 Laura Brod, ’93

Photo by Scott Haraldson Linda Cohen, ’85, ’86 Tom Devine ’79 Michael Hsu, ’88 Peggy Lucas, ’64, ’76 Abdul Omari, ’08, ’10 Darrin Rosha, ’90, ’91, ’93, ’96 Patricia Simmons To join or renew, change your address, or get information about membership, go to UMNalumni.org or contact us at: McNamara Alumni Center 200 Oak St. SE, Suite 200 Minneapolis, MN 55455-2040 800-862-5867 10 Unique Rooms of All Sizes Adjacent Parking Ramp 612-624-2323 D’Amico Catering On-site Adjacent Commons Hotel [email protected]

The University of Minnesota Alumni Association is Alumni Association Life Members receive up to $300 off committed to the policy that all persons shall have room rental. Inquire with McNamara sales staff for details. equal access to its programs, facilities, and employ­ment without regard to race, religion, color, sex, national origin, handicap, age, veteran status, or sexual orientation. Minnesota's Best Golf Two 18-Hole Championship Golf Courses, Legend & Quarry

GiantsRidge.com 800·688-7669 Spring 2017 MINNESOTA ALUMNI 3 ~ EDITOR'S NOTE

Sustaining Our Community

TWO YEARS AGO, we devoted our Spring 2015 issue to show- casing global alumni in action. The cover depicted three-time alumna Fouzia Saeed (B.S. ’82, M.S. ’84, Ph.D. ’87), a pioneer in Pakistan’s movement against sexual harassment; among other EDITORIAL & ADVERTISING stories, we wrote about Habib Essid (M.S. ’75), who studied President and CEO agricultural economics at the U and was elected prime minister Lisa Lewis of Tunisia just days before the issue went to press. We profiled Editor Agam Sheth (Ph.D. ’04), a scientist with Merck & Co. who is Cynthia Scott active in the Alumni Association’s Philadelphia network and Senior Editor spent three months in Delhi on a project aimed at improving health care delivery Meleah Maynard for impoverished women in remote villages. Copy Editor My editor’s note in that issue was titled No Foreigners Among Us. In it, I reflected Susan Maas on how being a student at the University in the 1980s helped me—forced me, Contributing Writers actually—to overcome my fear of those who are different from me. I observed that Tim Brady Alexander Gelfand the word “foreigner,” with its vaguely pejorative connotations, has thankfully fallen Tara Haelle out of common usage, in contrast to how it was when I was growing up. I ended Susan Maas the column with this: “At the Alumni Association we talk about being a global com- Gayla Marty James Skakoon munity. It’s not mere marketing jargon. Our connections to each other through the Stephanie Soucheray University we share are an invitation to grow and to expand our worldview in much Katie Spielberger the same way we did as students. In connecting with the global community of alumni, Andy Steiner we’re likely to discover that there are no foreigners among us.” Art Director Kristi Anderson I am not in the habit of quoting myself, but I think it bears repeating that the Two Spruce Design global nature of the University, and hence of the alumni community, benefits us Senior Director of Marketing throughout our lifetimes. The University of Minnesota, and indeed all of American Lisa Huber higher education, thrives because it is international. The Alumni Association now Advertising has 20 international networks, the most recent in the UK, and they continue to Ketti Histon grow under the able leadership of International Alumni and Travel Director Audra 612-280-5144, [email protected] Gerlach Ferrall (B.A. ’04). Audra recently attended alumni gatherings in Singapore, Minnesota Alumni ISSN 2473-5086 Kuala Lumpur, and Jakarta; on page 44 we write about a gathering in Shanghai. (print ) is published four times yearly by the University of Minnesota And this year, for the first time, the Alumni Association board has an international Alumni Association, 200 Oak St. SE member, Akira Nakamura (M.B.A. ’92), who lives in Tokyo. Suite 200, Minneapolis MN 55455- When we say we’re a global community, we put equal emphasis on each word. 2040 in SEPT., DEC., MAR., and JUN. Business, editorial, accounting, and On January 30, the University launched a campaign called “We All Belong Here.” circulation offices: 200 Oak St. SE Maroon and gold posters with variations on that theme began popping up all over Suite 200, Minneapolis MN 55455- 2040. Call (612) 624-2323 to subscribe. campus: “Rise above intolerance;” “Strive to be inclusive;” “Respect everyone Copyright ©2016 University of every day;” and my personal favorite, “Our differences drive our greatness.” Minnesota Alumni Association Country of origin is just one of many differences within the campus community Periodicals postage paid at St. Paul, that drives our greatness. National affairs in recent weeks are a reminder that we Minnesota, and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address cannot take this source of strength for granted. Keeping our global community corrections to: Minnesota Alumni, strong and vital is up to each of us. McNamara Alumni Center, 200 Oak St. SE, Suite 200, Minneapolis, MN 55455-2040. Cynthia Scott (M.A. ’89) can be reached at [email protected]. Sher Stoneman

4 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 FROM THE DESK OF ERIC KALER

A Culture of Respect

IT IS AN ALARMING FACT that troubles me communicated willingness to participate in sexual activity that is deeply. A 2015 survey conducted by the expressed by clear and unambiguous words or actions.” That is, Association of American Universities found partners must communicate “Yes.” that about one in five women on our Twin For those of us who were students at the U in previous decades, Cities campus had experienced sexual the occurrence of sexual assault was likely just as frequent, if assault. We are not alone. Sadly, that horrible not more so, than it is today, says Aurora Center Director Katie statistic was roughly the average for 26 peer Eichele. Eichele believes the current generation of students institutions in the same survey. understands the values embedded in affirmative consent. It is, she There is little positive attached to that reality, says, a generation that has grown up amid antibullying and anti- but we at the University of Minnesota have been national leaders for harassment campaigns and has repeatedly been sent messages more than three decades in working to change the culture that cre- about asking, listening to, and respecting each other in intimate ates such behavior. Last fall, our pioneering Aurora Center marked settings. “Affirmative consent,” Eichele says, “is all about respect.” its 30th anniversary of providing safe and confidential space for Of course, we won’t be able to stop all sexual violence on a students, faculty, staff, and alumni who are victims/survivors of sexual campus of 50,000 young people. But I am confident that if we assault, relationship violence, or stalking. encourage victims to come forward, if we help them to have the In fact, in January, a federal report identified 92 specific recom- courage to report what happened to them and support them mendations for institutions of higher education on handling through the process, and if we continue to focus on creating a sexual assault. I’m proud that the University has implemented culture of respect, we will go a long way to offering them the best almost all of them, such as requiring sexual assault training for all care, while also bringing perpetrators to justice. incoming students, employing full-time advocacy and counseling While no one knows for sure whether there will be a change in services for victim-survivors, conducting regular awareness the federal law related to enforcement of Title IX, it is up to us to campaigns, and employing a full-time Title IX coordinator. That remain vigilant and do better to improve education, prevention, Title IX position is critical after the U.S. Office for Civil Rights and response. Any sexual assault on our campus is harmful to the determined that gender-based discrimination on campus also entire University, undermining our values and the culture we strive includes sexual violence. to create. I know while I’m this University’s president, we will not In August 2015, our Board of Regents established an “affirma- retreat from our commitment to educate our students, to support tive consent” policy as a standard for sexual assault investigations. our victim/survivors, and to ensure a campus climate that remains University policy now requires “informed, freely, and affirmatively true to our core values of respect for everyone.

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... UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA .-a.. l=OUNDATION U researchers aim to keep the mighty moose in Minnesota. II LETTERS .1 “The inconvenient truth about sacrifice goes beyond just being poor. The reality is that poor white males make up the majority of the casualties in Iraq and Afghanistan.”

Dig Deeper conversation about the who, what, where greatly to readers’ understanding and views The story The Unequal Burden of U.S. Wars and why of military conflicts. on growing older—something we all have in [Fall 2016] was enlightening but did not go David E. Wolff (D.D.S. ’71) common. This is important stuff, as how we far enough. A few years ago I went to the White Bear Township, Minnesota view aging impacts our health and longevity. movie Taking Chance, about the death of a Lindsey McDivitt (B.S. ’82) young soldier and his trip home to be pre- Ode To Choral Song Ann Arbor, Michigan sented to his parents for burial. A military I am just now getting around to writing a officer who showed sensitivity and respect note regarding the touching story by John I just read the winter issue of Minnesota accompanied the body as a courtesy to Toren (B.A. ’74), Letting a Song Go Out of Alumni and decided to write my first letter the family. It is worth seeing if you can see My Heart [Fall 2016]. I fully agree with his to the editor. through the tears that well up in your eyes. remarks concerning choral singing as a kind The article Intimacy Endures by Susan After seeing the movie, I started thinking of therapy, as well as, I believe, one of the Maas is about the work of [Dr. June La of the family and their blue-collar surround- higher forms of artistic expression. Valleur,] a student I had in high school when ings and had the same question that the My personal experience in choral singing I taught at Ashby Public School. I enjoyed it article addressed. I went online to search started in high school. It gained in personal and found it accurate and interesting. for military casualty statistics and found a exhilaration when I entered the U in 1947. I Pardon this 90-year-old’s shaky printing. I wealth of information for military operations enrolled in University Chorus, not knowing am old. I do two miles a day with my wheeled in Iraq and Afghanistan by the Congres- what to expect. The conductor was Dr. James walker and also 40 minutes of physical sional Research Service. The contents Aliferis, a true master in choral conducting. therapy. The doctor says, “Stay active.” I were about post-traumatic stress disorder, He could not sing himself, but had the ability live in assisted living combined to a nursing traumatic brain injuries, amputations, self- to elicit (and sometimes coerce) the kind of home, clinic, and physical therapy facility. inflicted wounds, gender and race/ethnicity sound he was intent on producing. I have three degrees from the U of M. I distributions of deaths, and medical evacua- Under Aliferis’s direction, we prepared enjoyed being a G.I. Bill student there and tion statistics for U.S. military personnel. several of the greatest works of choral music. earned my bachelors in two years. I had a The Minnesota Alumni article addressed Under the direction of Mitropouls and then wife and daughter so I had to get to work! the inequalities in our military focusing Dorati and the Minneapolis Symphony Thanks and keep up the good work. I enjoy on the greater sacrifice from the nation’s Orchestra, we sang works such as Purcell’s all the department publications I get, as poor. Digging deeper into the subject of Dido and Aeneas, Beethoven’s Ninth Sym- research is of interest to me. inequality reveals more inequalities. Some phony, Handel’s Messiah, and Mendelssohn’s Keith Kapphahn (B.S. ’51, M.S. ’51) are uncomfortable to face but need to be Elijah, all hefty works that demanded hours Greenbush, Minnesota talked about, specifically gender and race. of grueling rehearsal time. Under Aliferis, it I always start reading Minnesota Alumni with The vast majority of deaths by far are males. was even fun, as when we prepared for Rifle, the Editor’s Note and with [the winter] issue I This is understandable because most men Axe, and Plow in celebration of the 100th read straight through in one gulp. Thanks. would willingly sacrifice their life before anniversary of Minnesota territoriality, in 1949. seeing a women being killed in combat. I I am an octogenarian now, but fondly Rita Quigley (M.S.W. ’73) think this is just a guy thing no matter what remember those days. Truly, choral singing St. Paul people say about equality in the workplace is therapeutic and fun! Best. Issue. Ever. or pay inequality. Leroy Gardner (B.A. ’60, M.A. ’66) Bill Sonsin (M.S. ’71) Regarding race, when compared with the Silver Spring, Maryland Prescott, Arizona number of deaths among black or African American, American Indian/Alaska native, Writing About Writing On Aging Thank you for this very interesting issue Asian, and native Hawaiian or other Pacific I was truly thrilled with your winter issue of about what it means to grow older. I didn’t Islanders, a large majority is white. the Minnesota Alumni magazine and the think of it from the perspective of younger The inconvenient truth about sacrifice sensitive handling of the readers’ focus on people reflecting on age, but that is impor- goes beyond just being poor. The reality is aging! Thanks so very much for addressing tant if they want to improve it when they that poor white males make up the majority the issue with such breadth and depth. (And get older. Thanks to all for sharing. of the casualties in Iraq and Afghanistan. for including my own small contribution.) Marion Palm (B.A. ’78, M.A. ’93) These realities may stimulate needed I believe your magazine has contributed Brooklyn, New York

6 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 We have read our winter Minnesota Alumni cover to cover and wanted to thank you Letters Policy telephone number (for may be limited. Priority will for using our Getting Older offering. Your Minnesota Alumni encour- verification only), and email be given to timely letters that request was certainly successful and it ages the exchange of ideas address, if available (for directly relate to the content contact use only). of the magazine. Publication was interesting to see that all ages were and opinions in the form of letters to the editor. Readers A letter will not be of letters from one letter represented. We also thought the Editor’s submitting letters for pos- considered if it is deemed by writer may be limited in Note was so interesting. It must have been sible publication must follow the editor to be potentially frequency. fun receiving so many different stories and these guidelines: libelous or to malign a particu- An editor’s note may follow thoughts from young and old. Letters must pertain to lar person or group; is not in a letter to correct inaccurate articles published in Minne- response to the magazine’s information or mispercep- John (B.M.E. ’57) and Carol Koepcke sota Alumni or to University coverage or University tions contained in the letter Erhard, Minnesota of Minnesota news or issues. matters; promotes a product or to explain a University Letters should be fewer than or service, endorses a political policy but will not be used to 300 words and will be edited candidate, or proselytizes; was contradict an opinion. for length, clarity, and style. published in another publica- Letters reflect the opinion tion; is incoherent or poorly of the author only and do Correction: In our story about the 1987 Letter writers should include: full name, gradu- articulated; is anonymous. not represent the views of rowing team [Winter 2017] we misspelled ation year and degree, if The number of letters the University or the Alumni Tom Altenhofen’s name. We apologize for relevant, address and published on one subject Association. the error.

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Spring 2017 MINNESOTA ALUMNI 7 ABOUT CAMPUS

8 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 Selections from the Weisman Art Museum’s exhibit “The Beautiful Brain: The Drawings of Santiago Ramón y Cajal” through May 21. Many of the drawings are being presented for the first time ever. Cajal (above) is considered the father of modern neuroscience. Restoration Avocation THERE WAS A TIME early in the 20th century when band), fairground organs, and even a self-playing player pianos were common—and coveted—in violin. Two of his instruments have been heard on homes. Most of the instruments are now relegated A Prairie Home Companion, including a portable to museums or dusty basements. But Thomas reed organ that he played. One of Chase’s proj- Chase (Ph.D. ’84) and Thomas Kuehn (B.M.E. ’71, ects is an orchestrion featuring special effects like M.S.M.E. ’73, Ph.D. ’76) are doing their part to a mandolin, xylophone, snare drum, cymbal, and preserve the history and artifacts of that golden tambourine. Housed in a plush oak cabinet with age of pianolas, as they are often called. Chase elegant stained glass faces, this coin-operated “I don’t know if I and Kuehn collect and restore pianolas and a wide beauty would have been at home in the cafes and want to say it’s variety of other mechanical instruments. restaurants of the ‘20s, Chase says. more important, Kuehn, who retired last spring after 33 years on Chase, a current faculty member in the depart- the University of Minnesota mechanical engineer- ment of mechanical engineering, first saw a player but it’s differently ing faculty, has rescued and restored player piano at age 7 in a penny arcade. “It was really important. You’re pianos, barrel organs, orchestrions (machines fascinating, and I was instantly addicted,” he says. doing something that play music that sounds like an orchestra or His father liked them, too, so they purchased one Udstand Paul for people. I’m especially aware of that when it’s hot out, when it’s really smelly, when there are a lot of maggots.”

University of Minnesota adjunct professor JOHN MARBOE, a Lutheran pastor and garbage man, on NPR’s Story Corps. He originally became a garbage collector to help make ends meet when he was unemployed and keeps the job because he believes it’s a way to help people.

Thomas Chase, left, and Thomas Kuehn tinker with the mechanism of a flute and violin solo piano made in Germany in 1925.

10 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 and then another, nonworking model, from an aunt, and rebuilt it. This early fascination, Chase says, is why he went on to study mechanical engineering. “There are a lot of cool mechanisms in a player piano,” he says. “I even gave an exam problem once with a gear train from one of my player pianos.” As a boy, Kuehn lived near the site of the Wildwood Amusement Park on White Bear Lake, a Twin Cities suburb. It was closed, but a traveling carnival still used the rides every spring before hitting the road. The tilt-a-whirls Associate Athletics Director and Ferris wheels spawned his early interest in Randy Handel pins the M mechanical things. Kuehn had also been curi- on the lapel of new football ous about the carousel organs with moving coach P.J. Fleck figures and powerful music, so in 1989 he built a replica Wurlitzer band organ from scratch using plans from the Music Box Society. Pianolas were popular at a time when Hello, Coach P.J. Fleck there weren’t many other options for in-home PHILLIP JOHN “P.J.” FLECK became the youngest head football coach among entertainment. “You could have a cylinder major NCAA Division I programs when Athletics Director Mark Coyle phonograph, which didn’t sound like much, introduced him as the new head coach of the Golden Gophers on January or you could have this real, acoustic piano,” 6. Fleck, 36, joined Gopher football after four years as head coach of the Chase explains. Between 1910 and 1925, 85 Western Michigan Broncos. His five-year contract pays $3.5 million per year. percent of all new pianos came with self- He was hired following the dismissal of Tracy Claeys. playing mechanisms. They became obsolete Fleck immediately embarked on a frenzied recruiting drive that around 1930, according to Chase, because of culminated in the introduction of 25 new Gophers on national signing day electronic amplification and voice recording. February 1. But his recruiting philosophy, he says, extends beyond bringing “The sad part is that people started chopping new players into the program. them up and throwing them out,” he laments. “We are going to recruit our student athletes every single day with the Some pianolas are complicated automatic positivity and energy of University of Minnesota football—every day, to think machines, but Chase says that ordinary foot of the University of Minnesota as the greatest place on earth. We’re also pump models can be the most fun. “Pump going to recruit the finest student athletes in the country, because we want harder and it gets louder, pump softer and it to fill the Bank every single game. quiets down. You’re part of it,” he says. And “This has to be more than football. I am more than football. Our kids will many of the rolls come printed with scrolling be more than football. I’m so proud to be your head football coach. I’m so lyrics, so you can sing along. Kuehn adds, honored to lead these young men into a new era and I look forward to the “They’re the original karaoke machines.” challenge of that leadership role.” —James Skakoon I eat difficult conversations for breakfast. University Athletics University “New Gopher head football coach P.J. FLECK in his introductory press conference on January 6 explaining his commitment to culture change within the” program. Human Research Program Reaccredited ON DECEMBER 19 the University of Min- expectations to the research community. It is nesota regained full accreditation with one of more than 60 changes. The Ledger special distinction from the Association Another significant change has involved President Donald Trump’s January for the Accreditation of Human Research how the department of psychiatry engages executive order pertaining to immi- Protection Programs Inc. (AAHRPP), an community members. Sophia Vinogradov, gration from seven nations* shone independent organization that ensures M.D., who succeeded Charles Schulz, M.D., a spotlight on the international research institutions meet rigorous stan- as head of psychiatry last year, established nature of higher education. dards for quality and protection. AAHRPP a Community Advisory Council to provide had assigned the U the status of “reaccredi- regular feedback about department International student population tation pending” after a site visit in July 2015 practices. One of the first members is Mike on the Twin Cities campus found that the human research program did Howard, a friend of Markingson’s family and not meet the criteria for full accreditation. longtime advocate for University reforms. 6,692 This reaccreditation followed a period of “I wanted this council because I want to significant reforms and improvements to get the perspective of people not in the Students enrolled in U.S. institutions the U’s human research program prompted department,” Vinogradov says. “People who of higher education in 2015–2016 by complaints about past cases of research have the lived experience of mental illness, from the seven specified nations participant recruitment and treatment. their family members, people from the This included questions raised about Dan nonprofit or legislative worlds. . . .Their points 17,354 Markingson, a patient who died by suicide of view are so important to the work we do.” in 2004 while enrolled in a clinical drug trial Vinogradov also developed a Chair’s Advi- - Students from Iran, the country at the U. An independent review of the U’s sory Group within the department focused from among those seven with human research participants protections and on the well-being of research volunteers. the highest representation a report from the Office of the Legislative In addition, with the blessing of Marking- Auditor recommended significant reforms, son’s family, Vinogradov instituted the annual •12,269TI~0~~® - which were implemented by the U in 2016. Dan Markingson Lecture on the role of the AAHRPP’s special distinction commends family in mental health treatment, with the - Students from those seven nations the U for its new policy on adults with limited first lecture scheduled for this spring. The on the Twin Cities campus or diminished capacity to consent to partici- event will also include a panel discussion with pating in research. The policy establishes a family members and people with lived expe- high level of protection for such potential rience related to medical decision-making. : 113TITI~ participants and clearly conveys these —Cynthia Scott

Students from Iran on the Twin Cities campus** 102 There were days during * Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, and Yemen **Student populations from the other six “medical school that I went countries are Iraq 3, Libya 2, Somalia 1, Syria 2, Sudan 0, and Yemen 3. Data from the University of Minnesota three weeks without Office of Institutional Research, Fall 2016, and the Institute of International Educa- tion Open Doors Report. seeing the sun . . . ERICA LEVINE (B.S. ’12), executive president of the University Medical School Student Council, quoted in a Minnesota Daily article about the need for a new health sciences education facility. Levine said many classrooms in the current facility” do not have windows. 12 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 Player of the Year Sarah Wilhite, right, celebrates a victory.

Best in the Nation SARAH WILHITE HAS LOVED VOLLEYBALL since she started playing in fourth grade, practicing NATURAL WONDER with her father in their Eden Prairie driveway after school. But she never thought she’d end The new $64 million Bell Museum, up where she is today, recognized as this year’s top college volleyball player in the nation. currently under construction on After racking up more than 1,100 career kills and helping the Gophers advance to the St. Paul campus, will showcase the NCAA Final Four for the second year in a row, the senior was named the American Minnesota’s natural history, inside and out, featuring an exterior that is Volleyball Coaches Association (AVCA) National Player of the Year. It’s the first time a partially clad in eastern white pine Gopher has ever won this award. from Cass Lake, Minnesota. Wilhite hadn’t received even an honorable mention from the AVCA before this season. Thermally modified to enhance But she knew her coaches always believed she could reach this level and pushed her durability, the white pine will cover until everything “seemed to click” at the end of her junior season. Her faith and her family about 40 percent of the building’s exterior and is one of several natural, helped with her mental game, she says, and she can’t praise her teammates enough. “The locally sourced building materials best part about it is the people who you get to play with and against,” Wilhite says. being used by Perkins+Will, the Wilhite wasn’t the only standout Gopher. The AVCA gave All-America honors to museum’s designer. The goal is to Samantha Seliger-Swenson (first team) and Hannah Tapp (second team) and honorable create a museum that tells the story mentions to Molly Lohman and Alexis Hart. Paige Tapp became the first Gopher athlete of Minnesota’s natural history, not just through exhibits and dioramas, ever to receive the NCAA’s Senior CLASS Award, which recognizes both academic and but also through athletic achievement. materials and Wilhite will graduate later this year. She is finishing coursework in her physiology major architecture. and looking into physician assistant graduate degree programs. She’s also thinking about Check out the playing volleyball abroad in the fall. construction site web camera at bellmuseum.umn. But this semester, she’s back at Gopher team practice, helping to mentor new volleyball The new museum is scheduled to players, eager to give back to the program that’s given her so much. What advice would open in 2019. Wilhite give new players? “Not to lose the love for the game. That’s what really drives your appreciation—not taking a second of it for granted.” University Athletics University —Katie Spielberger

Spring 2017 MINNESOTA ALUMNI 13 --DISCOVERIES *·

MIGHT CULTIVATING FEELINGS OF GRATITUDE be key to addiction recovery? Amy Krentzman, a researcher and assistant professor in the University’s School of Social Work, thinks so. Gratitude already plays a role in many addiction treatment and recovery programs. Alcoholics The Power Anonymous, for example, recommends expressing “genuine gratitude for blessings received” in step 10 of the 12-step program. And people in recovery are encouraged to cultivate an “attitude of gratitude,” including of Three writing a gratitude list. It’s not surprising that gratitude has been the subject of research in the field of positive psychology—the scientific study of wellness, not Good Things illness—that emerged in the 1990s. But Krentzman was surprised to find in 2012 that no research had been done on gratitude practices in recovery programs. “Gratitude is a common emotion among people in 12-step New research documents the recovery programs because it’s a theme in Alcoholics Anonymous literature benefits of gratitude in recovery and at meetings,” she says. So, knowing that gratitude practice is considered promising in positive By Gayla Marty psychology interventions, Krentzman designed an experiment to study the effect of a popular positive psychology intervention called the Three Good Things exercise in relation to recovery. After assembling a team, she conducted the research in early 2013 in a Midwestern community where 23

participants were enrolled in an outpatient program for alcohol addiction. Cigna Roberto

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*100 of our 118 dentists are University of Minnesota alums. All were adults, with nearly equal numbers of men and Digging back into the data, Krentzman and a smaller women; 80 percent were white. team found evidence that people in the study, like After a face-to-face intake assessment, each many with addictions, suffered from alexithymia: dif- participant was asked six survey questions via email ficulty identifying, naming, and expressing emotions. “WHEN THEY every day for 14 days. Half the group was asked to In completing the PANAS, they found that their ability WERE ASKED, describe their sleep, exercise, and caffeine intake to identify, accept, and regulate mood increased. The over the past 24 hours. The other half was asked to finding was significant because mood plays such a ‘WHY DID THAT describe three good things that had happened over crucial role in models that explain the motivation to GOOD THING the past 24 hours and what caused them. Throughout drink. Published in the journal of Qualitative Health the two weeks, the participants also completed a set Research in 2015, it was the first study to suggest that HAPPEN?’ THEY of questionnaires to identify and rate their emotions the PANAS questionnaire might have therapeutic and mood. Eight weeks later, they were invited to talk properties for people with addictions. WOULD SAY, about the experience. Currently, Krentzman is heading up a study looking ‘BECAUSE I’M While the control group’s outlook and experience at whether gratitude increases after substance stayed the same, those who did the Three Good use disorder treatment, and the effect of gratitude IN RECOVERY Things exercise experienced a decrease in negative posttreatment on future drinking. She is also about NOW AND NOT feelings and an increase in feelings of calm and ease— to begin work on a new study to see whether journal- factors known to support and reinforce recovery. “The ing, particularly about things people feel grateful DRINKING.’” people in the gratitude group said that the practice for, and sharing those entries with a designated pulled them away from habitual negative thinking,” partner, might be helpful to people in recovery in Krentzman says. “It also had the unanticipated effect rural communities where recovery can sometimes be of reinforcing their recovery, because when they were complicated by isolation. asked, ‘Why did that good thing happen?’ they would “Gratitude practice is helpful to everyone, not just say, ‘Because I’m in recovery now and not drinking.’” people in recovery, because of a psychological phe- Significantly, Krentzman and her team documented nomenon called the negativity bias, which causes us that the effects lasted only as long as the practice to react strongly to threatening or problematic events continued; there was no lingering aftereffect. and pay less attention to good or neutral things,” she The results of this first formal study of gratitude says. “That bias served an evolutionary function, but practice in alcoholism treatment were published in it can cause disproportionate focus on worrisome the Journal of Positive Psychology in February 2015. events and relatively muted reactions to good things Interestingly, and unexpectedly, participants men- that happen. Looking back over your day and remem- tioned in their Three Good Things follow-up inter- bering positive things can help overcome that bias. views that completing a questionnaire about their That’s especially important for people in recovery emotions—the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, because negative thoughts can spiral downward and or PANAS for short—was helpful to their recovery. lead to relapse.”

Documenting African American History

Learning the depth and breadth of videos, photographs, oral his- writers and poets who helped of African American history got tories, maps, handwritten letters, create the Black Arts Movement. easier with the January launch of and other items from more than “No library is able to digitize Umbra Search African American 1,000 U.S. archives, libraries, and all of its holdings, but by bringing History, a partnership between museums, including Yale, Temple, together materials from all over the University of Minnesota and Howard Universities and the the country; Umbra Search Libraries and St. Paul-based Pen- Smithsonian Institute. allows students and scholars to umbra Theatre Company. Umbra Search pays homage tell stories that have never been Umbrasearch.org offers free to the Umbra Society of the early told before,” says director Cecily access to hundreds of thousands 1960s, a renegade group of Black Marcus.

This photograph is one of thousands available at Umbrasearch.org. It shows founding members of the Niagara Movement, a black civil rights organization established in 1905, superimposed over an image of Niagara Falls. The organization was named for the “mighty current” of change it wanted to effect. W.E.B. Du Bois Library, Special Collections & University Archives, UMass Amherst, via Library of Congress of via Library Amherst, UMass Archives, Special Collections & University Library, Bois Du W.E.B.

16 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 Scientists from several univer- “Just imagine.” That might sities, including the University be the only direction neces- Large of Minnesota, have isolated sary for a brain-computer ••• Medium and cloned a gene that makes interface technology devel- Extensive grazing • Small wheat resistant to Fusarium oped at the University of • Very large • Very Small head blight. The devastating Minnesota that allows people • • disease, commonly known to use only their minds to A study led by researchers at the University of Minnesota Insti- as wheat scab, has caused control a robotic arm. The tute on the Environment (IonE) has produced the first-ever map several billion dollars in discovery could lead to of farming households around the world. Family-run farms play a grower losses in U.S. wheat significant improvement crucial role in helping to feed people globally. Small farmers are fields. Frequent epidemics are without surgical intervention also central to the development of successful policies that aim reported in the United States, for people who are paralyzed to alleviate poverty, boost food security, and protect biodiversity Canada, Europe, Asia, and or have neurodegenerative and natural resources. South America. diseases. This is the first time Despite their importance, little has been known until now about Nearly 100 scientists from that people can operate a the location and size of family farms (also known as smallholder the University of Minnesota, robotic arm to reach and farms), which often are situated in remote areas where some of other American universities, grasp objects in a complex the world’s most vulnerable people live. IonE researchers used and China have participated in 3D environment using only census data from millions of households in dozens of countries the 20-year-long research proj- their thoughts without a brain that was made available by the Minnesota Population Center to ect leading up to this discov- implant, says U biomedical identify and map smallholder farms in developing countries. They ery, which was made by a team engineering professor and identified more than 900 places in 83 countries that are likely to at Kansas State University. lead researcher Bin He. be home to a high concentration of small farms, which are key Bikram Gill, a distinguished Eight healthy human sources of important agricultural commodities. professor of plant pathology subjects completed the Information about the number, location, and distribution of small and director of the Wheat study’s experimental sessions, farms can be used to guide investments and target policies for Genetics Resource Center at which used the noninvasive agricultural development, food security, and sustainable land use. Kansas State, credited several technique electroen- The study was published in the November issue of Environmen- scientists, including University cephalography (EEG)-based tal Research Letters. Details about the map, above, can be found of Minnesota Professor of brain-computer interface. at environment.umn.edu. Wheat Breeding and Genetics Participants wore EEG caps James Anderson, whose fitted with 64 electrodes that A study coauthored by University of Minnesota Associate Profes- research team has been work- converted weak electrical sor of Health Policy and Management Katy Kozhimannil (B.A. ’99) ing on resistance to Fusarium activity—thoughts—into found a striking increase in cases of babies born with Neonatal head blight since 1993. action. After first learning to Abstinence Syndrome (NAS), or opioid withdrawal, especially in Anderson’s team was the control a virtual cursor on a rural areas. first to genetically map the computer screen, they moved The study found a nearly sevenfold increase in NAS in rural areas location of the resistance on to controlling a robotic arm from 2004 to 2013, along with a fourfold increase in urban areas. While gene to a small segment of the to reach and grasp objects on fewer than 15 percent of all births in the United States occur in rural wheat chromosome. They have a table. Eventually, they were areas, the study found that 21 percent of all NAS cases occur in there. worked closely with research- able to move the robotic arm “Every infant who is withdrawing has a mom who was exposed ers at Kansas State and to reach and grasp objects in to opioids and possibly didn’t have access to the treatment she Washington State University to random locations on a table needed,” says Kozhimannil. She recommends that policies and pro- help prove the identity of the and move objects from the grams aimed at reversing the rising trend of opioid-affected births resistance gene. table to a three-layer shelf in rural areas focus on both prevention and treatment, including The study was published in using only their thoughts. developing rural health care infrastructure to include mental health, the October issue of Nature The study was published substance abuse, chronic pain, and obstetric services. Genetics. in the December issue of The study was published in the December 12, 2016, issue of JAMA Scientific Reports. Pediatrics.

Spring 2017 MINNESOTA ALUMNI 17 It has to stop. Five people a day ages 15 to 24 die of opioid overdose in this country. Their drug habits start even younger. Pediatricians must help confront the crisis, says Pamela Gonzalez.

By Tara Haelle Photo by Sara Rubinstein

18 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 EVEN BEFORE SHE WENT to medical school, Pamela Gon- ing that cycle. And society needs to understand it has a zalez’s experiences as an undergraduate were already role in addressing the social conditions that increase the laying the groundwork for her work as a pediatrician. risk of addiction. As a volunteer at an emergency shelter for teens, she Five adolescents and young adults ages 15 to 24 die saw firsthand the destruction that addiction wreaked on every single day in the United States from a heroin families and individual lives. overdose, according to the federal Centers for Disease She met a 17-year-old boy who likely had mania, as his Control. Their drug habits start when they’re even dad did, and who struggled with addiction—as his dad younger, often from prescription opioids. A recent study in did. When he died by self-inflicted hanging, she was JAMA Pediatrics found that from 1997 to 2012, hospitaliza- haunted by how society had failed him. tion rates from opioid poisonings among youth ages 1 to 19 “I think of how many ways we fell short systematically jumped from 1.4 to 3.71 per 100,000. As Gonzalez pointed in taking care of that kid and that dad and taking care of out in a talk about opioid misuse as the “highway to heroin” people as families,” says Gonzalez, an assistant profes- at the American Academy of Pediatrics conference last sor in the University of Minnesota Medical School’s October, heroin poisonings increased from 1 to 2.5 per Department of Psychiatry. “And to see it that young 100,000 children over those 15 years. Any use of opioids really reinforced early on that it’s a life cycle issue.” to treat pain before 12th grade triples the risk of nonmedi- Today, in the midst of an opioid epidemic that the cal opioid use in early adulthood. The risk is even greater nation is only starting to grasp, Gonzalez is on a mission for youth with mental health conditions. to stem it at its source. Pediatricians, she believes, need to Part of the problem, Gonzalez says, is that people understand that they have a key role to play in interrupt- have become inured to the toll opioids are taking, due in

Spring 2017 MINNESOTA ALUMNI 19 no small measure to the stigma of addiction and misun- in the first place. “The problem with that is the people derstanding when and how it starts. It’s not the patient’s with the most severe disorders started the youngest,” fault, she says. Even the term “substance abuse”—prop- Gonzalez says. “Let’s say we have a 13-year-old: What erly called substance use disorder—increases stigma. does it mean that they had ‘choice’? What put them at “When people start assigning responsibility or blame for risk in the first place? What’s going on at home? Do their an illness, it can color how we interpret the available data parents need help? Does the kid have other problems in and make treatment decisions.” terms of depression, chronic illness, or ADHD?” The view that substance use disorder is an adult Living in poverty, for example, changes the brain, she problem is myopic, Gonzalez says. In fact, it’s an illness notes. that pediatricians are uniquely situated to help prevent. “They’re at risk for being young, and they’re at risk for That’s especially true now that the pathway to addiction being underprivileged and underserved,” she says. “And has changed so dramatically from what it was in heroin’s then they get older and we blame them for things that are first heyday a half century ago. social determinants of health. There are environmental “Looking back at the 1960s and 1970s during the first and social justice factors that really play a part in who goes big wave of heroin use, most people who used heroin on to develop the severest problems. It really is misleading started with heroin,” Gonzalez explains. But today, to say this is something that somebody did to themselves.” approximately 75 percent to 80 percent of people who Gonzalez says the key is to start routinely screening start using heroin receive their introduction to opioids all youth for substance use disorders just as they through prescription drugs. The distinction is particularly already get screened for lead poisoning, developmental important when it comes to understanding why addic- milestones, and depression. Health care practice in the tion is not a failure of willpower or moral character. United States has long revolved around a crisis and One of the biggest fallacies about addiction is the disease model rather than prevention and health, she misconception that people make a choice to start to use says, but health and prevention comprises the bulk of

Sobering New Realities

PERHAPS NO ONE in Minnesota career. Some of the trends are consequences while you’re knows about trends in substance hopeful, such as the fact that ciga- impaired,” she says. abuse and addiction like Carol rette smoking among adolescents Like her peers, she’s particularly Falkowski (B.A. ’75, at left). For has declined dramatically since the discouraged by the heroin and 30-plus years she has dedicated mid-1990s. But others worry her. opioid epidemic. Falkowski points her career to understanding and For instance, while fewer adoles- to the federal Centers for Disease combating addiction: She was cents are smoking cigarettes, more Control’s finding that in 2015, for at the internationally renowned are smoking marijuana. Public the first time ever, heroin deaths Hazelden Foundation in perceptions of the drug are chang- outnumbered gun deaths. Chisago City, Minnesota, (now the ing, due in part to legalization “It’s an enormous phenomenon, Hazelden Betty Ford Foundation) efforts in several states. While she and it’s fed both by prescription for 10 years; the Alcohol and Drug believes that medical marijuana opioids and street drugs,” To read a story on Abuse Division of the Minnesota shows real promise in some con- Falkowski says. “Seizures of heroin Falkowski’s passion Department of Human Services for texts, recreational marijuana use at our southern border have never outside of work, go 25 years; and now with the consult- has unique and sometimes lasting been higher, and many people to page 40. ing firm Drug Abuse Dialogues, ramifications for adolescents. For who become addicted through which she founded in 2012 to train starters, she says, they’re more prescription pain medication health professionals, law enforce- likely to develop an addiction. switch to heroin because it’s never ment, judges, educators, and “The longer you can delay the been more affordable. parents on trends in drug abuse. onset, the less likely the develop- “With the opioid epidemic, The addiction landscape has ment of addiction, and the less because of the role of prescription

shifted a lot during Falkowski’s likely you are of having negative medication, we also have to look Dublin Rick

20 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 People have become inured to the toll opioids are taking, due in no small measure to the stigma of addiction and misunderstanding when and how it starts. It’s not the patient’s fault.

pediatricians’ job. That is why she believes they are so cross their arms and slam the door, but they remember well poised to be on the forefront of addressing the what we said, and when we give messages consistently, it nation’s epidemic of opioid addiction. does influence the choices that they make.” “We’re the voice that says, ‘We need to start looking at Pediatricians’ roles include empowering parents at the this differently because it’s negatively impacting future clinical level and advocating at higher levels for policies adults by us not recognizing its roots, and understanding that support kids, parents, and families. Others are its origins is involved in prevention,’” Gonzalez says. starting to realize the importance of this conversation as That prevention includes looking at risk factors, well: The questions and comments Gonzalez received at especially social determinants of health such as poverty, October’s conference showed her that pediatricians are untreated parental illness, neighborhood violence, food starting to explore what they can do to make a difference. insecurity, and other adverse childhood experiences. “Every pediatrician has a role,” she says, “and it’s our But parents also play an important role. “Kids’ greatest job to figure out what little piece of it is mine and to do role model is us, as parents,” Gonzalez says. “They might something about it.”

---~r From High to Dry Characteristics of 2015 admissions to Minneapolis/St. Paul area addiction treatment programs

TOTAL ADMISSIONS ALCOHOL MARIJUANA COCAINE METH HEROIN OTHER OPIATES at the practice of medicine,” 22,635 8,971 3,426 976 2,954 3,738 1,937 Falkowski continues. “And we’re 39.6% 15.1% 4.3% 13.1% 16.5% 8.6% making progress in terms of looking at prescribing guidelines, GENDER but there’s still enough opioids Male 66.8% 77.6 65.2 64.5 62.5 50.2 prescribed in this country to Female 33.2 22.4 34.8 35.5 37.5 49.8 have all adults take a daily RACE/ETHNICITY regimen of them for a month. White 70.9% 49.7 24.5 78.5 63.8 71.6 This is in spite of efforts to African American 16.2 31.8 59.3 3.5 15.5 7.0 develop treatment alternatives American Indian 3.2 3.2 2.9 4.1 11.0 10.6 for chronic pain.” Synthetic Hispanic 4.9 7.1 6.9 6.1 5.0 4.9 drugs, from methamphetamine Asian/Pacific Islander 1.8 2.2 1.0 4.2 1.2 3.4 to cathinones like bath salts, are Other 3.0 6.1 5.4 3.7 3.5 2.6 also deadly “game changers,” Falkowski observes. “There’s the AGE accessibility of online drugs. And 17 and under 0.9% 24.4 0.7 2.3 0.7 1.0 the influx of synthetic drugs from 18–25 13.2 36.3 9.4 24.3 36.2 21.1 26–34 26.2 23.4 17.3 37.3 31.8 33.2 China, including synthetic drugs 35+ 59.7 15.8 72.5 36.2 31.3 44.9 pressed into pills. It’s really a changing entity.” —Susan Maas Source: Drug and Alcohol Abuse Normative Evaluation System, Minnesota Department of Human Services, 2016. Unknown primary drug = 224 (1.0%). All other primary drugs = 409 (1.8%).

Spring 2017 MINNESOTA ALUMNI 21 How soon does Thomas think he’ll actually be able to Minds over gray matter help humans put an end to addiction—maybe even to University of Minnesota researchers addictions of the nonchemical kind, such as gambling? aim to harness the power of the “Sometimes I think we have it all here: It’s just a matter of putting the pieces together. Those are the good days. brain to solve addiction. And then on the bad days, I think it is going to take some By Andy Steiner real leaps to get there. But the good news is that lately I have more good days than bad,” Thomas says. Like Thomas, professor of psychiatry Kelvin Lim is interested in reducing the incidence of relapse, but SUBSTANCE ADDICTION is one of the biggest and most he approaches the problem using different tools than expensive challenges of our time. The federal National Thomas. Using brain scans of addicted people who have Institute on Drug Abuse estimates the financial cost been through treatment and withdrawal, Lim and his col- at $700 billion per year in health care, crime and law leagues measure how much communication is occurring enforcement, and lost work productivity. And addiction between their brain’s reward center and their cognitive kills some 28,000 people every year. Scientists across a control center. Lim has discovered that the stronger the wide range of specialties at the University of Minnesota communication between these two areas of the brain, the have focused their research on tackling this problem, greater the chances of continued sobriety six months later. looking to address addiction in new ways that delve into Since the vast majority of addicts relapse within a year, its causes and triggers. Lim and his colleagues hope to be able to use their find- The connection between addiction and brain research ings to predict which people in recovery are at higher is an area that holds particular promise. We highlight risk of relapse. With this knowledge in hand, Lim believes the work of four researchers who have taken innovative that those individuals could perhaps get the focused, approaches to deepening our understanding of the role intense recovery help they desperately need. that the human brain plays in addiction. Reduce reliance on opioids Disrupt relapse Much of Carolyn Fairbanks’s research is on reducing For the last several years, associate professor of neuro- brain exposure to highly addictive, opioid-based pain- science and psychology Mark Thomas has focused his relieving drugs. While she appreciates the important role work on targeting specific areas in the brain that cause that opioid-based drugs can play in pain relief, Fairbanks addicts in recovery to relapse. Thus far his research sub- (Ph.D. ’99) also believes it is essential to develop nonad- jects have been morphine-addicted mice, but Thomas dictive pain medicines for people whose diseases are not and his colleagues are inching ever closer to being able life-threatening or who are at higher risk of addiction. to apply what they’ve learned to human subjects. “We’re trying to find new ways to develop pharmaco- The goal of their research is to find ways to manually logical treatments that target nerve endings and the spinal “turn off” the relapse response, perhaps through a cord,” says Fairbanks, a professor of pharmaceutics. “This device that provides electronic stimulation in the same will keep these drugs as far as possible away from the way an EpiPen helps a person survive a potentially brain.” Fairbanks’s work keeps her in collaboration with deadly allergic reaction. Because recovering addicts scientists from around the globe: “This is a national and are so susceptible to falling off the wagon, the ability international effort to try to find improved ways to provide to locate the correct biomarker and shut this response pain relief so that we can reduce reliance on morphine, down could be life changing. fentanyl, hydrocodone, and other forms of opioids.” Lately Thomas and his colleagues have seen signifi- Another promising idea that Fairbanks is focused on is cant advances in their work, earning professional acclaim the possibility of using gene modification to reduce the and multimillion-dollar grants from the National Institutes body’s response to pain. This nascent idea would involve of Health. The tool that’s allowing them to probe deeper “modifying the genes of the different cell types that into the brain is optogenetics: using light-sensitive contribute to the pain pathway so that they would instead proteins to alter brain function. Thomas directs pulses produce analgesic substances like endorphins,” Fairbanks of light into targeted areas of the brains of his rodent explains. Her self-described “Star Trek” approach would subjects, disrupting relapse-like behavior. involve engineering peripheral or spinal-cord neurons to

22 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 Neuroscientists Carolyn Fairbanks, George Wilcox, and Mark Thomas

Since the vast majority of addicts relapse within a year, Lim and his colleagues hope to be able to use their findings to predict which people in recovery are at higher risk of relapse.

produce signals that would halt pain impulses before they nerve endings, or the internal organs, so patients will experi- get to the brain. But Fairbanks notes that this approach, ence pain relief but are less likely to become addicted. if used incorrectly, would have the potential downside of Working with mice, Wilcox and his team have discov- erasing the body’s ability to feel pain. ered a combination of two drugs that, when used together, “Pain is a really important process,” she says. “We don’t yield greater potency than when used alone. And neither want to interfere. People who don’t have natural pain drug crosses the blood-brain barrier, thus greatly reducing systems have a lot of challenges in life.” the chance of addiction. This discovery means that a 99 percent reduction in dosage would give the same amount Keep drugs away from the brain of pain relief without brain involvement. Wilcox’s ultimate Like his colleague and former mentee Fairbanks, professor goal is to apply this finding to relieving pain in humans. of neuroscience George Wilcox is also interested in Human testing, he says, is just on the horizon. keeping drugs away from the brain: restricting powerful “If you can reduce the number of brains exposed to

Sara Rubinstein Sara pain-relieving medications to the spinal cord, the peripheral these drugs, then I think we could have a win,” Wilcox says.

Spring 2017 MINNESOTA ALUMNI 23 David Wegner and his mother, Martha Wegner

A happy ending—at least for today

WHEN MARTHA WEGNER’S 18-year-old son David What would you most like parents of disappeared into drug addiction and homelessness, addicted children to know? she turned to the thing she knew best to help her cope: I would like them to know that they are not alone. So writing. For 180 days after he walked away from a Twin many families are going through the same struggle, but Cities-area inpatient drug treatment program, Wegner you start to think you’re crazy and that you’re the only (M.A. ’82) penned letters to David, writing openly and one. I also want them to know that there is hope, and by honestly about what she and her husband, John Hay, that I mean your child may or may not find recovery, but were going through and posting them on a blog. Writing you can still find recovery on your own. You can still be was healing, not just for her, but, as she discovered later, a whole or somewhat happy person even if your child is for David too. still using or missing. When I was forced to live my own Wegner’s letters were published into a book titled life I realized that life didn’t stop because David was out Dear David: Dealing with My Son’s Addiction One Letter using and missing. It’s something I learned: My happiness at a Time. Wegner, who lives in St. Paul, talked with Min- doesn’t depend on him being sober. nesota Alumni about how addiction affected her family, how they coped, and how everyone is doing now. When did you find out David was an addict and what was he like before that? He started using in the spring of his junior year of high school. Before that, he’d said he was completely uninter- ested in drugs. Then he tried marijuana. It was complete downhill slide from there. He said it filled a place in him

that felt empty all along. StarTribune Schneider/©2016 Jones Renee

24 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 You think your kid comes from a good family and is an Eagle Scout and a nice boy with good parents and that that will prevent drug addiction. But it doesn’t. How did you get David into treatment? In between David’s junior and senior year we had him assessed and he did outpatient treatment before going Addiction can happen to anyone. to a sober high school. He had a few relapses, but he did graduate. The night of graduation he left and we didn’t know where he was. He didn’t come home for a few days, and then when he did, he would leave again without How did support groups help you and your husband? telling us where he was going or when he would be back. I would recommend that all parents of addicted children We noticed money was missing, and we could tell he find a support group. It’s important to understand that was stealing other things. We told him he needed to get you can’t control the situation. Addiction can happen treatment or leave, so he left. A week later he was back to anyone. You think your kid comes from a good family and went to outpatient treatment, but in a few days he and is an Eagle Scout and a nice boy with good parents walked away and was homeless again, that time for three and that that will prevent drug addiction. But it doesn’t. weeks. Finally, he agreed to do inpatient treatment, but It’s a disease and anybody can have it. I want parents after seven weeks he walked away and we didn’t know to understand that, because there can be such a level where he was. Those were the toughest times, when he of shame. You feel like you can’t tell anybody and that was missing. That’s when I started writing the blog. you must have done something wrong. But you are not defective human beings and neither are they. Did you think about how David would feel when you posted these letters? What do you think saved David, and is he still sober? I can’t say I considered him much. I was in such pain and so He had run out of couches and options and was sick and disoriented that I just had to write about it. I couldn’t keep tired of being sick and tired. My friend Mike, a recovering it inside. I couldn’t keep it a secret. I felt like my heart was addict, suggested he go to the Union Gospel Mission [a going to explode. I thought the only way I could get my Christian ministry dedicated to serving people who are feelings out, and despair heard, was to write letters letting struggling with homelessness, poverty, and addiction], him know that I loved him and missed him and was angry where Mike was a volunteer, to try to get sober. David with him, but also tell him what was going on here at home. went there, he told me later, because he was so tired of He called his dad once and asked him to tell me to hurting inside. He didn’t go there to get sober, but he stop writing the blog. He was homeless and didn’t have a was in such pain, he couldn’t think of anything else to do computer but kids on Facebook would say, “Hey, how are and being there did help him. David told me later that my you doing? Where are you?” So then he checked it out. It letters helped him too, because they made him hit rock was my first awareness of “Oh, maybe I should be thinking bottom faster. He couldn’t hide from the truth. The jig about him.” And then I thought, I don’t care. This is my was kind of up because he couldn’t say, “Oh my parents pain and my story and my life and this is what I need to do. kicked me out.” The possibility for hiding and keeping It wasn’t about punishing him. The letters, and this book, secrets really dried up. are not about David. They’re about me and how I survived. He’s 20 years old now, and he works in Minnetonka and Once David was in recovery, I did ask him if it was all right has an apartment. He’s very happy, and has been sober to use his real name in the book. He said it was fine, that this for over two years. Sometimes he speaks with me when I had been his life. He felt bad about the things he did, but he talk to groups about recovery, but mostly he wants to be wasn’t ashamed and I wanted him to know that his parents done telling his story and just live his life, which includes were never ashamed of him. He also okayed putting a recovery but isn’t all about recovery. & photo of him on the cover and a photo of the two of us —Meleah Maynard together, smiling, on the back. That photo lets people know that, at least for today, it was a happy ending.

Spring 2017 MINNESOTA ALUMNI 25 A DANCE IN THE SKY

Rendering of Hudson Yards as viewed from Midtown Manhattan

26 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 Led by famed architect William Pedersen, U alumni are leading a multibillion dollar project that is transforming the New York City skyline A DANCE By Alexander Gelfand IN THE SKY Renderings courtesy KPF courtesy Renderings

Spring 2017 MINNESOTA ALUMNI 27 GRIZZLED CONSTRUCTION WORKER slams shut the sliding door of a temporary elevator on the north side of 55 Hudson Yards: nine stories of scaffolding and steel-reinforced con- crete on the Far West Side of Manhattan that in six months’ time will have been transformed into a 52-story luxury office tower. “It’s one of the only buildings in New York that fronts on to a park,” says Lane Rapson (B.S. ’07, M.Arch. ’11) as he peers down at the leafy Hudson Yards Park taking shape below. Like his fellow passenger Gregory Mell (B.S. ’02, M.Arch. ’05), Rapson is an associate principal in the architectural firm Kohn Pedersen Fox (KPF), which designed 55 Hudson Yards and is supervising its construction. (He is also the grandson of Ralph Rapson, who was dean of the University of Minnesota’s School of Architecture when KPF cofounder William Pedersen [B.Arch. ’61] was a student.) As impressive as the nascent building and park may be, they’re but a small part of something far bigger: The Hudson Yards Redevelopment Project, a $20 billion ven- ture encompassing a projected 25 million square feet of office space, 5 million square feet of retail and hotel space, and 20,000 residential units in a 45-block area that runs from 8th Avenue to the Hudson River and from West 30th to 42nd Streets. It is said to be the largest private real estate development in U.S. history, and the grandest that New York City has seen since Rockefeller Center was built in the 1930s. Architects Lane Rapson, William Pedersen, and Both claims are true, although the private part requires some qualification. Mark Spec-

Gregory Mell in the tor (M.P.P. ’04), past president of the Hudson Yards Development Corporation, the city Chastain Denise New York offices of KPF

28 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 Denise Chastain Denise

entity charged with encouraging private development in the once desolate stretch of parking lots and low-rise buildings, explains that the city not only managed the rezoning process that made the project possible. It also issued $3 billion in bonds to cover the extension of the No. 7 subway line, whose new 34th Street-Hudson Yards station lies directly below 55 Hudson Yards, and the creation of Hudson Yards Park & Boulevard, which will inject 4 acres of tree-lined open space into what has for decades been an industrial wasteland. 55 Hudson Yards stands at the epicenter of this eruption of glass, steel, and green- ery. Gazing south from the seventh floor, Rapson and Mell—both of whom worked with Pedersen on the University of Minnesota’s state-of-the-art science teaching and A rendering of Hudson Yards as student services building, Robert H. Bruininks Hall—are greeted by a thicket of cranes viewed from the Hudson River and an assortment of structures in various stages of completion. Directly below lies Top: Mark Spector, past the vast platform that KPF designed to cover the West Side rail yards—a platform president of the Hudson Yards upon which many of those structures rest, like a house of cards built atop the inverted Development Corporation, at High Line Park with Hudson saucer of an enormous teacup. Yards construction in the On the other side of the platform rises the gleaming spire of 10 Hudson Yards, the background. first building in the project to have been more or less completed. (The lobby is a marvel of limestone, marble, and cast aluminum, but crews were still working on the interiors of several floors when Mell and Rapson visited the site later in the day.) Designed by Ped- ersen and coaxed to completion by Mell, the 895-foot-high office tower slopes gently away from the Hudson River to the west as if bowing toward Midtown in the east. When complete, its counterpart to the north, 30 Hudson Yards, will slope in the opposite direc- tion, the two performing together what Pedersen calls a “dance in the sky.”

Spring 2017 MINNESOTA ALUMNI 29 Scofidio + Renfro, another prominent architectural firm involved in the Hudson Yards project; and Steve Wang (M.Arch. ’07), who served on KPF’s 30 Hudson Yards team before moving to Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, which also has a finger in the Hudson Yards pie. The hard work, however, is paying off. 10 Hudson Yards has signed such major tenants as Coach, L’Oréal, and software company SAP; Time Warner has announced that it will move to 30 Hudson Yards from the Time Warner Center at Columbus Circle; and the seven-story mall linking the two towers will host the first Neiman Marcus department store in New York City, along with restaurants run by celebrity chefs Thomas Keller and José Andrés. For New York City, says Spector, Hudson Yards rep- Hudson Yards will be an unprecedented integration of buildings, parks, resents an opportunity to drive economic development utilities, and public spaces. This schematic depicts the Hudson Yards Public and job growth in an underutilized part of Manhattan. Square, an elevated park with layered utilities, gardens, stormwater drainage, and transit. To see it in detail, go to the magazine at UMNAlumni.org. For Bill Pedersen, however, it represents something more personal. “This is the last work in my career,” Pedersen says from his office on 42nd Street, just two stops on the No. 7 from Hudson Yards. “It’s sort of like the final exam, in a way.” It is not easy to build skyscrapers that resemble mod- That career spans half a century, and includes such ern sculpture atop a working rail yard (train service had iconic buildings as 333 West Wacker, in Chicago, whose to be suspended as massive supporting columns were curved surface reflects the Chicago River; and the Wes- sunk between the tracks), or to secure approval from all tend Tower, in Frankfurt, whose ringed top pays homage the different bodies—the Metropolitan Transportation to the Frankfurt Cathedral, where generations of Holy Authority, the Long Island Railroad, Amtrak—whose Roman Emperors were once crowned. assent this requires. Like the great mosque that sur- The central theme of his skyscraper work, Pedersen rounds the Kaaba in Mecca, 55 Hudson Yards encloses explains, has been to make these enormous buildings an existing six-story building owned by the MTA. The “gesture towards their contexts,” or respond to their southern façade of 10 Hudson Yards, meanwhile, canti- environments. Sketching nonstop on a pad as he levers over a 60-foot-long section of the High Line, the speaks—“I can’t talk any other way,” he says—Pedersen public park that was conjured from an elevated rail line illustrates how he designed both 10 and 30 Hudson that winds its way through lower Manhattan. Yards to do precisely that. Often, muses Rapson—whose role at 55 Hudson Yards, The way in which the paired towers genuflect toward like Mell’s at 10, ranges from inspecting mock-ups of the river and city; the manner in which 10 Hudson Yards windows and walls to wrangling permissions from large embraces the High Line; and the way in which it steps bureaucratic organizations—the complexity involved in down, through a series of setbacks, toward the smaller large-scale architectural projects is self-inflicted. “In this arts center that that will stand just to the west of it, all case,” he says, “it’s not.” allow buildings that might otherwise seem lofty and Managing that complexity has required a team befit- intimidating to engage in a dialogue with their surround- ting the sheer magnitude of the project. At any given ings and one another. time over the years, 55 architects, engineers, designers, Considering the many other commercial and residen- and consultants have been involved, a striking propor- tial buildings that are slated to populate the redevelop- tion of whom are alumni of the University of Minnesota. ment zone—not to mention the six-acre plaza that will In addition to Pedersen, Mell, Rapson, and Spector, these sit at the heart of it, offering a public gathering place to include Michael Squarzini (M.S. ’93) of Thorton Tomasetti, rival Columbus Circle and Lincoln Square—it’s easy to an engineering firm that has provided structural and imagine that the project as a whole could, as Pedersen façade consulting for 10 Hudson Yards; Mike McElderry says, “transform New York City.” (B.Arch. ’04, M.Arch. ’07), who recently left KPF for Diller Judging by the view from his sketchpad, it already has.

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LATE IN 1929, ELLEN CHURCH (B.S. ’26, B.S. ’36), a 26-year-old recent graduate of the University of Minnesota School of Nursing, spied an advertisement in the window of a downtown San Francisco storefront. Church, who worked at a nearby hospital, was At the dawn of window-shopping over her lunch hour when she saw the ad from a company called Boeing commercial air travel, for flights to Chicago that would take just 20 alumna Ellen Church hours. She had a couple of reasons to pause: convinced Boeing to take She grew up in the small town of Cresco, Iowa, not that far from Chicago, and the thought of a chance on her as the those 20-hour flights was pretty tempting for world’s first stewardess. home visits; and she also had a deep interest The rest is history. in flying, having earned a pilot’s license after moving from Minneapolis to San Francisco. By Tim Brady So she went inside, where she met Steve Stimpson, Boeing’s regional manager. The two started to chat about flying and the recently established and quickly growing air- line business. Ever since she was a girl in Cresco, watching World War I pilots training at a nearby field, she had been enchanted by flight. Church soon began to make a habit of stopping in at Boeing on her lunch hour strolls, striking up a solid relationship with Stimpson. She hinted that she might like to fly for a company like Left: Ellen Church Boeing one day. Stimpson discouraged her—her license was fine welcomes a traveller at for small planes, he said, but she didn’t have the sort of experience the door of a tri-motored necessary to pilot a Boeing airliner cross-country. Boeing 80A of Boeing Air Church asked about other roles with the company, and Stimpson Transport on May 15, 1930. happened to mention that the airline was considering the possibility Right: Church graduated of adding stewards to its flights. Airline copilots had been given the from the U of M School of duty of serving passengers meals and coffee up to that point, but Nursing in 1926. as plane size grew and more passengers began filling seats, those chores became too much for the copilots, who were also expected to occupy seats next to the pilot and perform flying duties. Lettering: Alicia Blackard • Church, this page: United Airlines Historical Foundation • Opposite page: Ullstein Bild/Getty Images Images page: Ullstein Bild/Getty • Opposite Foundation this page: United Airlines Historical • Church, Alicia Blackard Lettering: Spring 2017 MINNESOTA ALUMNI 33 Stewardesses had to remind passengers to keep their hands inside the cabin and smokers not to pitch their matches and cigarette butts out the windows.

This undated photo shows the interior of a Boeing 80A passenger airplane, operated by Boeing Air Transport, a predecessor division of United Airlines. Passengers are getting a rare treat: a cup of hot coffee in flight.

At the time, planes flew at slow speeds fort and care to often fearful passengers anything, and fears of placing young women and low altitudes—100 to 120 miles per hour, traveling on rocking, rolling flights of up to in air travel jeopardy—they granted permis- compared with today’s speeds of 500 to 20 hours. The fact that Church knew how to sion for a three-month trial, and Stimpson 600 miles per hour—and about 5,000 feet, fly and loved it, and was only 5 feet 4 inches immediately hired Church as the world’s a far cry from modern cruising altitudes of tall and weighed less than 115 pounds, first stewardess. He named her crew chief more than 35,000 feet. Thus, the flights enhanced the logic of her suggestion: She and she set about hiring eight other stew- were as rocky as the most prominent moun- could easily and comfortably navigate the ardesses. They chose the name stewardess tain chain they flew over, making airsickness aisles and low cabin ceilings of Boeing’s over hostess, courierette, pursorette, airess, a near constant presence and adding even cramped commercial liners while adding skipper, and aidette. Church designed a more work for the poor copilot. A German only a modest weight to the plane’s load. green wool uniform for the women, with airline had been experimenting with hiring Furthermore, Stimpson recalled, Church accompanying tam o’shanter cap and black a few stewards to fly on its commercial was bright, knowledgeable, and had an oxford shoes with a sensible heel. liners, but no company in the United States open and sunny disposition. Using her own resume and physical type had made the same move. Stimpson quickly agreed that Church’s as a model, Church found and hired four As Stimpson described the burdens idea was a good one, but he needed permis- candidates in San Francisco and three more placed on copilots, Church’s response was sion from company headquarters in Chey- in Chicago. Within months, the group of nearly instantaneous: Why not hire women enne, Wyoming, about halfway between the women, who would subsequently become to do it? Specifically, Stimpson recalled in a West Coast and Chicago. Stimpson wrote famous in air travel annals as the “Original speech at a function 25 years later celebrat- to the brass asking for permission to hire a Eight,” was ready to fly to Cheyenne for ing the birth of the stewardess profession, crew of stewardesses. After some shock at training and publicity photos. she suggested women like her, with the the request—there were the usual trepida- Each new attendant was given a manual training of a nurse who could provide com- tions of the day about hiring women for of instructions that described her duties: Bettmann/Getty Images Bettmann/Getty

34 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 ]"t( MINNESOTA HISTORICAL SOCIETY PENUMBRA THEATRE ~ 4 .0 / punching tickets, attending to sick pas- From Minneapolis she moved to sengers, and serving meals. There were Wisconsin and served as supervisor of 12 different stops on the flight from San pediatric nursing at Milwaukee County Francisco to Chicago, and the “stews,” as Hospital until the onset of World War II. they came to be known, had to be familiar During the war, Church once again took with local railroad schedules so they could to the air, serving as a captain in the Army help passengers figure out where and when Nurse Corps. She cared for soldiers from catch their trains after their flights. December 1942 through the remainder They had other chores that were unique of the war, nursing in every theater of to the Boeing craft on which they flew. combat from North Africa, through Sicily, to Explore art, race Early airliners had windows that could open England, France, and Germany. She helped and a nation on stage through and close, which meant that stewardesses evacuate soldiers from Tunisia and Italy and the prism of the had to remind passengers to keep their trained evacuation nurses for D-Day. She African American hands inside the cabin and smokers not to earned seven Bronze Service Stars and the experience. pitch their matches and cigarette butts out prestigious Air Medal for her work. the windows. In warm weather, they also After the war, Church served as a hospital needed occasionally to swat flies that would administrator in Elgin, Illinois, earned a EXHIBIT ON VIEW hitch rides in the plane. master’s degree in nursing from the FEB. 18 – JULY 30, 2017 MNHS.ORG/PENUMBRA The Boeing airliner seated 12 passengers, University of Chicago, and in 1952 was hired with one stewardess per plane. One peculiar as the administrator of a hospital in Terre MINNESOTA HISTORY 345 W. Kellogg Blvd. duty required her to accompany each Haute, Indiana. There, she met and married CENTER St. Paul, MN 55102 passenger to the plane’s lavatory, which was a bank president, Leonard Marshall, and located at the rear of the cabin behind one the two lived happily in Terre Haute. In 1965, of two identical doors: one opened into the on a morning horseback ride, Church was ]"t[ MINNESOTA HISTORICAL SOCIETY commode and the other to a quick rush of air thrown, and died in surgery. and a 5,000 foot drop. A year later, United Airlines, the suc- WWlJIMERICJI Stewardesses were an instant success. cessor company to Boeing Transport, Boeing made the three-month experiment presented Union Hospital in Terre Haute permanent, and other fledgling airlines with a check for $25,000 in the memory of Stories from a adopted the role and began hiring. Ellen Church Marshall. The company presi- turbulent nation— Church’s idea that stewardesses should dent also dedicated a wing of the United 100 years ago have some kind of nursing training prevailed Airlines Stewardesses training school as industry practice up until World War II. In in suburban Chicago in Ellen Church’s fact, Stimpson claimed that hospitals on the name. Church’s bust sits outside the West Coast became leery of airline com- school. Multiple copies of the sculpture panies poaching some of their best young were created and presented to training nurses for a more adventurous life in the air. facilities at airline companies around the By 1937, Time magazine reported that due to world as a salute to the industry’s first flight the popularity of air stewardesses, railroad attendant. The airport in Cresco, Iowa, companies began hiring women to serve as where years before Church had first fallen attendants on various commuter lines along in love with aviation, was eventually named the East Coast. Ellen Church Field in her honor. It bears Church’s pioneering career was cut short her name to this day. in 1932, when she was hurt in a car accident that prevented her continued work in the air. A footnote: Cresco, Iowa, Church’s hometown, She returned to the University of Minnesota may ring a bell for close readers of history in Minne- to continue her studies, earning a Bachelor sota Alumni. Professor James “Crash” Ryan, profiled in the Fall 2016 issue, was likewise raised in Cresco. of Science degree in nursing education in Futhermore, famed Nobel Prize-winning alumnus OPENS APRIL 8 1936. She was also active in the University’s Norman Borlaug (B.S. ’37, M.S. ’41, Ph.D. ’42) was also MNHS.ORG/WW1AMERICA

Flying Club and the Business Women’s Club. raised in the small northeastern Iowa town. 345 W. Kellogg Blvd. St. Paul, MN 55102 OFF THE SHELF

A Fan Letter to Prince

ON APRIL 21, 2016, Minneapolis-born musician Prince was following Prince, he felt he was writing a history was found dead at age 56 from an accidental opioid book and that Gold Experience is that book. But while overdose in the elevator of Paisley Park, his state-of-the- it’s true that this book is historical in some ways, it is art recording studio/home in the Twin Cities suburb of more than that too. Named for Prince’s 1995 album, Chanhassen. Fans around the world mourned, but those The Gold Experience, Walsh’s writing is passionate and in Minnesota were especially hard hit, and spontaneous personal, spirited but also discriminating. At times an gatherings—part grieving, part celebration—took place extended fan letter to an artist who meant a great deal for days at Paisley Park and the rock venue First Avenue to him, his words often offer insight into the mind and in downtown Minneapolis, where much of Prince’s film life of a complicated musician who is now gone. Purple Rain was filmed in the early 1980s. While descriptions of concerts are full of superlatives From the start, Prince’s music career has always been such as “jaw-dropping,” “exhilarating,” and “dazzling,” described as both brilliant and controversial. In the ’90s, Walsh many times discards the hype, both positive and things grew increasingly intense: Prince clashed with negative, attuning himself to what Prince, at any particular his record label, Warner Bros., over rights; changed moment, was trying to do musically. On the 1994 album, his name to a symbol (left); and wrote some of his most Come, he writes: “Throughout his career, Prince has been enduring music. Covering it all was Minneapolis music cast as a musical prodigy, love nymph, quasi-religious icon writer Jim Walsh (B.A. ’90), who followed Prince and and out-of-touch space cadet—and has made some truly reported extensively on everything from his perfor- terrible records. But while the damage to his public image mances and the goings-on at after-parties and clubs may have led many to write him off as old news,Come is a to his veganism and wedding to bandmate Mayte. The breakthrough. It reveals a guise of the guy that has been best of those writings make up Walsh’s new book Gold all but forgotten: human being.” Experience: Following Prince in the ’90s. Among the highlights of the early part of the book In the introduction, Walsh writes that whenever he are descriptions of a series of concerts Prince gave in Graham Wiltshire/Hulton Archive/Getty Images Archive/Getty Wiltshire/Hulton Graham

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the summer of 1994 in an annex of Glam Slam, the Min- Reserve alumni rates neapolis nightclub that Prince himself opened in 1990. at commonshotel.com/ Listening to Prince at that moment in his career, when UALU the furor of Purple Rain was a distant memory, Walsh felt he’d discovered an underground band that “nobody had ever heard of before.” Walsh’s interviews with Prince are also interesting to read. During one lengthy interview, he asked Prince where he found inspiration. “Everything goes by very quickly,” Prince tells him. “You can see time. I’m hearing the sound of a future time, and I’m listening to it in a car. You Gold Experience: have to get that out of your head and onto the planet.” Following Prince in Walsh offers an interesting and human take on the the 90s challenges Prince faced at that difficult point in his By Jim Walsh (B.A. ’90) career, describing him as someone who, “like you and University of Minnesota me, struggles day in and day out, but unlike you and me, Press, 2017 120 pp. does so in a very public forum. And that public flailing makes the music somehow resonate even deeper, and transcend the confines of good beats and hit-making. It is the sound of an artist at odds with himself, his world, his past, present, and future. Who would’ve guessed that such a sound could be this big, bad, and joyful?”

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Narrating a Brainstorm

A journalist’s story STACIA KALINOSKI (B.I.S. ’07) doesn’t shake during her seizures. Her eyes don’t roll back in her head, and she doesn’t bite her tongue. That could happen to some people of living with epilepsy if they’re having a grand mal seizure, but for many Americans with epilepsy, seizures By Stephanie Soucheray look different. For Kalinoski, 31, they look like blackouts, brief periods of time when she might scream, flail her arms, shake, or act out, and not remember a single thing. “My brain goes black but my body is still on,” she says. “I might have a split second of lightning, or awareness before I go black, but then that’s it.” Kalinoski suffers from temporal lobe seizures; during an episode her brain’s electrical currents misfire and cause her to behave oddly or lose consciousness. Seizure can affect any part of the brain, and when they do, the brain suffers from a “storm.” Despite affecting 3 million Americans, epilepsy is a widely misunderstood disease. Kalinoski says there are 40 types of seizures, and many can be misdiagnosed as men- tal illness. She was a junior in broadcast journalism at the University of Minnesota and a Gopher track and field athlete when she first started experiencing auras, strange feelings that preceded her seizures. But it wasn’t until 2009, after Kalinoski moved Mark Luinenburg Mark Spring 2017 MINNESOTA ALUMNI 39 ALUMNI STORIES • Getting By, to Eugene, Oregon, to work at a news station that she was diagnosed. There, she began having on-air seizures. “I had one while interviewing the mayor of Eugene on One Meatloaf air,” she says. “I would daze off of camera and blank out.” The seizures continued until 2015. By then she was on air in Grand Rapids, at a Time Michigan, and having complex partial seizures. She began seeing Brien Smith, M.D., an epilepsy specialist at Spectrum Health in Grand Rapids, the same doctor who would eventually treat former Gopher football coach Jerry Kill, who resigned in 2015 because of his struggle with epilepsy. Though she was learning more about her seizures, Kalinoski was still suffering from several episodes at work. During one, she acted out toward a supervisor and was officially let go for inappropriate conduct. “I was humiliated, and I went back to Minnesota,” she says. Her new doctors began monitoring her seizures and decided she was a good candidate for surgery. Her right temporal lobe, the site of her seizure activity, was removed in the summer of 2015. She still suffers from some auras, but the surgery has halted her seizures. In the six months following her surgery, Kalinoski got the idea to tell her story, and the story of other epileptics, by writing and producing a documentary. Last Novem- ber, her documentary, titled Brainstorm, aired on Twin Cities public television. “I’m used to doing daily 90-second news stories, so a 55-minute documentary was a bit different for me. But I thought it was the best way to educate people on this disease.” Using Kill’s story, her story, and one of a small boy in Atlanta, Kalinoski’s documentary shows how widespread epilepsy is, and how no two epileptics have the same symptoms. According to the Epilepsy Foundation of America, one in 26 people will develop the disease in their lifetime. “My mom says making this documentary was payback for getting my health back,” says Kalinoski, who currently works as a substitute teacher in Minneapolis. Kalinoski doesn’t know what’s next for her career-wise, but she says her life is get- ting back on track. She’s running again, and interested in showing her documentary to wider audiences. “It turns out I like long format, and I liked that I can make a difference in how people understand this disease,” she says. CAROL FALKOWSKI (B.A. ’75) is a national Learn more about the documentary Brainstorm at brainstormdocumentary.com. authority on drug abuse and addiction. Now, with the publication of her revolutionary cookbook Meatloaf Outside the Pan—a how-to treasury of quirky, nutritious meat Now is the time to double, triple, sculptures—she’s also gaining a following as the Bernini of beef. quadruple down on digital. . . . We have to In both roles, she says, her goal is to help alter people’s behavior. “I’m a firm believer stop“ conflating ‘saving journalism’ with ‘saving in the capacity of people to change. Now I’m encouraging people to change their newspapers.’ They are not the same thing. meatloaf behavior and resist the pan!” Falkowski currently runs her own consult- Nostalgia and wishful thinking are powerful ing firm, Drug Abuse Dialogues, training health professionals, law enforcement, forces, but a lousy business model. judges, educators, and parents on trends ARON PILHOFER (B.A. ’94), who became the James B. Steele Chair in Innovation in drug abuse. Prior to founding the firm Journalism at Temple University in November and teaches a course on in 2012, she worked for 25 years in state entrepreneurial journalism. He is formerly the digital editor at the” Guardian in government, including as director of the London, a reporter at the New York Times, and the founder of two startups. Alcohol and Drug Abuse Division of the Dublin Rick

40 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 core recipe sculpted into myriad shapes household can consume, so friends and her and ingeniously decorated with other grown children are often beneficiaries. food. She refers to her book-signings as She hopes the book is giving families a “meet-and-greetloafs.” fun incentive to spend time loafing around There’s a meatloaf lion, with a mane in the kitchen together. When it comes to of macaroni and cheese. There’s a clown drug abuse prevention, research suggests meatloaf, with a red tomato nose and that the family dinner table can play a key carrot curls for hair. There’s a rubber ducky protective role: According to studies from meatloaf, covered in mashed potatoes the national Center on Addiction and “dyed” gold with mustard and sporting a Substance Abuse, teens who eat dinner yellow bell pepper wing. with their families several times a week are She can’t seem to stop. Since the less likely to use alcohol and other drugs. cookbook’s publication last year, Falkowski Falkowski preaches that when you has been on a tear: This past fall she created liberate yourself from needlessly confin- a picture-perfect lobster, baseball meatloaf ing bakeware, the creative possibilities for the World Series, and Donald Trump and are endless; she says she’s got “a million” Hillary Clinton meatloaves. And during the more ideas. “I’m just getting started. holiday season, she admits, “I got way over Everywhere I look, I see meatloaf.” the top,” sometimes meatloafing as many Falkowski’s meatloaf innovations can as five times a day. Her husband is a fan, but be found at outsidethepan.com. she’s making way more than a two-person —Susan Maas

WHAT DRIVES

Minnesota Department of Human Ser- JOSH vices, and 10 years at Hazelden Foundation (now the Hazelden Betty Ford Foundation) TO to combat substance addiction. Grim statistics and shattering conversa- ENGINEER A tions have always been part of her work. “It seems every time I give a presentation— SUSTAINABLE whether it’s a professional presentation or a community [discussion]—someone will hang back afterwards and identify WORKPLACE? themselves as a parent who’s lost a child to opiate overdose,” Falkowski says. “It UMAA members receive a 10% discount on breaks your heart.” continuing professional education courses. She needed levity in her life. “So: Enter meatloaf. It’s uplifting and fun,” she says. What drives you? Grow your career. Falkowski comes from a long line of artists and crafters. “I guess it just took me all cce.umn.edu/driven these years to find my medium—raw beef and vegetables,” she laughs. Most of the COLLEGE OF CONTINUING EDUCATION book’s meatloaves start with the same UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA

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UPCOMING EVENTS PROGRAMS

MEMBERS, WE HEAR YOU. I’d like to share a few reflections with you regarding the Alumni Association’s commitment to you, our valued members, when events at the University become the focus of public con- troversy. My reflections come following the events surrounding the Gopher football team in December and January that received widespread coverage in local and national media. Because you are at the core of the Alumni Association’s mission, our office sent two updates to members. In response to our communications and to media coverage, we received more than 300 emails from alumni as events unfolded—the suspension of 10 players, the subsequent threatened boycott of the Holiday Bowl by the football team, and the even- tual change of leadership in the coaching staff in the weeks following the Holiday Bowl game. Many of you applauded the University’s actions. Many of you were critical of them. Some had questions and wanted to better understand the situation, and a few criticized the Alumni Association. All of your letters were impassioned, some with anger, some with pride, but each with the depth of feeling that naturally comes with being deeply invested in the University. I read all of your emails, as did several of our communications staff members. We respond- ed to all of them by email or in some cases by phone. After we read them, we forwarded them to the appropriate leaders on campus to ensure that they heard your voices. I say this to underscore our commitment to this kind of open communication. As you are aware, the University is a large institution and it is not always easy to know how or where to express your views or get your questions answered. As members, you can count on the UMAA to be that place. I assure you, we are listening. It’s fair to say these events have prompted a great deal of conversation on campus. Your correspondence and calls are part of that conversation. They have reaffirmed something I learned very early in my tenure here at the Alumni Association: Without exception, alumni have high hopes for and expectations of the University of Minnesota and the Alumni Association—and rightfully so, as your relationship with us is the foundation of what we do. We will continue to honor that relationship by listening, dialoguing, and keeping you informed in the pages of Minnesota Alumni, in our emails to you, and other channels. We value your relationship with the Alumni Association. Thank you for your membership and for your commitment.

Warmly, Lisa Lewis President and CEO

Spring 2017 MINNESOTA ALUMNI 43 Stay connected.

EXCEL, MANAGE WELL, AND TALK CAREER The Alumni Association provides Student Debt Management many opportunities for professional and Refinancing and personal development through April 27, noon to 1 p.m. our free Alumni Webinar Series. Have student loans? Our partner, Don’t miss out on these sessions Credible, will present easy ways to coming up. If you can’t make it for the refinance and save on student loans, live presentation, our entire archive key considerations when choosing is available on demand through our whether to refinance or not, and how YouTube channel or on Gold Mind at better managing your student loans UMNAlumni.org/goldmind. and refinancing affects other parts of your life, including your credit, Search Tips from Recruiters mortgage, etc. March 30, noon to 1 p.m. Presented by Credible Partner- How do professional recruiters view ships Manager Nichol Newell. ALUMNI GATHER the job search process? What are the IN SHANGHAI best practices they have observed? Twitter Chats University of Minnesota President Eric Kaler What are the missteps they have Join your U of M community of (Ph.D. ’82) recognized the leadership of Alumni seen job seekers make? Join us for a students, alumni, and friends at Association Chapters in the Greater China panel discussion with four recruiters #UMNCareerChat as we talk about Area at a reception in Shanghai on November and learn how to stand out in your job various career topics, tips, and 9, 2016. Kaler thanked Shanghai Alumni Chap- search. Includes time for open Q & A. strategies. ter President Jacqueline Beihua Tang (M.M. ’99), her fellow chapter leaders, and alumni Creating a Meaningful Career Navigating a New City volunteers for organizing the gathering and April 20, noon to 1 p.m. April 12, noon to 1 p.m. spoke about recent changes to the campus This webinar will share simple tips You moved or you are about to move landscape and the U’s many successes. One that can help you create a profes- to a new city—now what?! Join us as hundred fifty alumni and guests attended the sional life that provides meaning and we talk about ways to prepare for reception, which also featured presentations purpose and aligns with your values. the transition of moving, how to get by Tang, Eric Xiandong Jing (M.B.A. ’05), Alex Presented by Kelly McClellan, acquainted with your new city, and Zhao Zhang (J.D. ’89), and Li Wang (Ph.D. ’92). associate director for the Graduate important tips on being a newcomer. Joining President Kaler from the University Business Career Center at the of Minnesota were Karen Kaler; Joan Brzez- Carlson School of Management. inski, University of Minnesota China Center; Robert Burgett and Tim Wolf, University of Minnesota Foundation; Audra Gerlach Ferrall (B.A. ’04), Alumni Association; and Wanling Qu (M.A. ’08), University China Office. MAKE A DIFFERENCE Pictured above are Beijing Chapter leaders Minnesota legislators are currently debating important Snow Wang and Fran Liu holding certificates measures that will affect the future of the U. Congressional of appreciation from President Kaler and actions also have an impact on higher education in Alumni Association President and CEO Lisa Minnesota and the rest of the nation. Stay informed by Lewis that were presented to all chapter lead- visiting UMN Advocates at advocates.umn.edu. The site ers in attendance. contains all you need to know to be a confident advocate for the U. Raise your voice via Twitter at #UMNadvocates. Alumni voices are critically important.

44 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 Short Courses, Immersions, learninglife and Seminars

YES, IT’S SPRING, BUT . . . It’s not too early to mark your calendar for Homecoming! The Alumni Association Discover will kick off the week with our immensely LearningLife popular nationwide Day of Service on And enjoy a rich and meaningful learning experience, from October 14. New football coach P.J. Fleck University faculty and local scholars and professionals. leads the Gophers against Illinois in the Homecoming game on October 21. Mark your calendars now and watch for details cce.umn.edu/enrichment as the date draws closer. See you there! 612-624-4000

Alumni Association members receive a COLLEGE OF CONTINUING EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA 10% discount!

A HOME RUN DEAL U of M Night at Target Field is May 5. Watch the Minnesota Twins play the Boston Red Sox with other Gophers. NIKE TENNIS Watch your inbox for details. CAMPS STAY CONNECTED SERIOUS. FUN. .M. .UMNAlumni.org Ii /MinnesotaAlumni UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Im . UMAA Minneapolis, MN a @UMNAlumni Junior Overnight and Day Camps ~ /UMNAlumni Boys & Girls | Ages 6-18 @ /UMNAlumni All Skills | Tournament Training C /UMNAlumni June 12-15 (Day Only) | June 18-22 | June 25-29 #UMNAlumni Directed by: Head Men’s Coach, Geoff Young # #UMNProud All camps are open to any and all, UPDATE YOUR limited only by age and number of campers. INFORMATION Update your contact information! USSportsCamps.com 1-800-NIKE CAMP All Rights reserved. Nike and the Swoosh design are registered trademarks of Nike, Inc. and its affiliates, and are used under license. update.umn.edu Nike is the title sponsor of the camps and has no control over the operation of the camps or the acts or omissions of US Sports Camps. (1-800-645-3226) Stay connected.

A SPECIAL WELCOME to our newest fully paid Life Members!* As a Life Member, you join more than 18,000 loyal and enthusiastic alumni MEMBER ADVANTAGES supporting the U’s important work. Dues are invested in a fund that provides Thank you for being a member! Don’t forget a stable support for key Alumni Association programs. to make the most of your member advantages. Eric J. Anderholm Jared G. Goodwin Douglas J. Peterson Here are just a few: Carmelita J. Anderson Anita J. Hall Leah S. Peterson Kevin J. Ario Richard Hamre Richard A. Peterson PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL Paula D. Ario Kathleen J. Haug Robyn F. Peterson DEVELOPMENT Kathleen M. L. Ayaz Dai Q. Hoang Stephanie V. Peterson u Take part in a quarterly roster of noncredit Jeanne M. Baker Driscoll David Holt Terry L. Placek courses (save 10 percent on continuing education). Joanna C. Beachy Keith D. Hovland Mark K. Pribula Bruce O. Benson Joseph C. Imberman Trevor A. Putrah u Invest in yourself with a course in the Carlson Erica L. Benson Bryan G. Johnston Charles R. Quick Executive Education program (save 10 percent). Kathleen M. Bernard Mark W. Josephson Kathleen H. Rhodes Leonard Bernstein Varun B. Kharbanda Cassandra R. Rodgers EXPLORE CAMPUS Michael E. Bjorkman Michele C. Kieke Dawne J. Rohlf Show support. Get rewarded. u Visit the Weisman Art Museum and Minnesota Meredith G. Bleifuss John G. Killam John H. Rohlf Charles J. Kniebel Rolando R. Rosas Landscape Arboretum (discounted membership Rodney L. Bleifuss James L. Bowyer Margaret A. LaFleur Gregory K. Ross The BankAmericard Cash Rewards™ credit card rates). Emma P. Broderick Lynn M. Leaf Benjamin Ruth u See the finest Northrop Dance, U of M Theatre Joel A. Brown Keith J. Leavell Judy Ruth Arts, and School of Music performances (member Geraldine K. Bullard Vincent K. Leung Matthew L. Sabbe for University of Minnesota Alumni Association. ticket rates). Robert L. Bullard Charles M. Linnell Kathleen M. Schmidlkofer Ellen Butler Jeanne M. Long Debbie A. Schuhardt u Dine with a view from the Campus Club (local Gina E. Carlson Melissa R. Lott Clinton J. Selvik cash back and non-Twin Cities membership discounts). Kenneth G. Carlson Chun S. Luo Melissa L. Sherman % u Tour The Raptor Center for a beak-to-nose edu- Michael D. Carlson Edward J. Luterbach Barbara L. Shiels 1 everywhere, every time cational experience (weekend program discounts, Michael S. Casello Teresa A. Luterbach Robert Shurig $ save 20 percent on birthday parties). Carol S. Clay Benjamin J. Maas Ashley E. Sievers cash back at grocery stores and J. Sheldon Clay Michael J. L. Marotz Matthew M. Sievers % 100 Robert L. Coderre Karen J. Martinson Bridget A. Siljander wholesale clubs MEMBERS-ONLY ACCESS Edwin R. Coover Bradley L. Melby Cara C. Sjodin 2 cash rewards bonus u Advance notice and special pricing of exclusive Muriel P. Copp Henry E. Menzel Timothy M. Skopec cash back † events. Keep an eye on your inbox! Lee W. Cunningham Pradeep Mohan Andrew M. Solfest % after qualifying purchase(s). u Online access to U of M Libraries (subset of Roxanne L. Cunningham Marianne A. Moline Loren M. Solfest on gas Daniel J. Monahan Jerod S. Spilman student access). Marie E. Daly 3 Martin E. Davis Scott E. Morin Charles L. Squires u Continue reading this award-winning magazine! Patricia J. Dickmann Kelly E. Muellman Zachary H. Steiner 2% and 3% category rewards bonuses apply on up to Membership includes a subscription. Gary J. Dietrich Jeremiah Nelson-Nikolaides Steve J. Sun ▼ Linnea F. Dietrich Panagiotes Nelson- Naoki Takayama $2,500 in combined quarterly spend in those categories. SPECIAL SAVINGS Kari J. Douglas-Rundlett Nikolaides Clayton A. Talbot Laura J. Edman Laura C. Nickolay Craig Taylor u 20 percent savings on U of M Bookstores Timothy J. Edman Scott T. Nieman Brian T. Van Beusekom To apply visit: apparel and gifts in store and online. newcardonline.com Kurt J. Erickson Debra J. Noll Ann C. Vasaly Use Priority Code BAAA8Y. u Academic pricing on select Apple products at Sarah Z. Erickson Judith A. O’Brien Myah P. Walker the U of M Bookstores. Teresa A. Fiedler Timothy M. O’Brien Paul M. West u 10 percent discount at Goldy’s Locker Room Tracy L. Fink Annmarie Oliver-Collins Matthew J. Winegar Ann M. Flis Amy S. Olson Angus B. Worthing For information about the rates, fees, other costs and benefits associated with the use of this Rewards card, or to apply, go to the website listed above or write to P.O. Box 15020, Wilmington, DE locations in the Twin Cities 19850. Ambreasha D. Frazier David F. Olson Melissa Wuori ▼ u Show your member card for alumni rates at the The 2% cash back on grocery store and wholesale club purchases and 3% cash back on gas purchases applies to the first $2,500 in combined purchases in these categories each quarter. After Steven J. Gangelhoff Abdul M. Omari Kenneth R. Yliniemi that the base 1% earn rate applies to those purchases. Commons Hotel on campus. James M. Gannon Robert J. Owens Richard A. Young † You will qualify for $100 bonus cash rewards if you use your new credit card account to make any combination of Purchase transactions totaling at least $500 (exclusive of any fees, returns and Tracy F. Gannon Curtis L. Page Donghong Zhang adjustments) that post to your account within 90 days of the account open date. Limit one (1) bonus cash rewards offer per new account. This one-time promotion is limited to new customers Dennis S. Zylla opening an account in response to this offer. Other advertised promotional bonus cash rewards offers can vary from this promotion and may not be substituted. Allow 8-12 weeks from qualifying UMNAlumni.org/advantages John V. Garnett Mary Alice Pappas for the bonus cash rewards to post to your rewards balance. Pamela L. Gates Mary A. Perrizo *Reflects October 25, 2016, By opening and/or using these products from Bank of America, you’ll be providing valuable financial support to University of Minnesota Alumni Association. Debra M. Ginzl Ann L. Person through January 13 This credit card program is issued and administered by Bank of America, N.A. Visa and Visa Signature are registered trademarks of Visa International Service Association, and are used by the issuer pursuant to license from Visa U.S.A. Inc. BankAmericard Cash Rewards is a trademark and Bank�of�America and the Bank of America logo are registered trademarks of Bank of America Corporation. Join this list of Life Members by upgrading your membership today! ©2017 Bank of America Corporation ARFJCK95 AD-12-16-0335.C UMNAlumni.org/join | 800-862-5867 46 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 Cash~ Rewards ..

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Boy/Outside

By Emily Freeman AS A TEACHER of memoir writing, I’m often and casually mention that he was missing, struck by the way my Montana students exuding utmost confidence that he’d be who were born and raised here write about back. And you’d trust her. .-- T ~ • ~. l, :-.,- the land: like it’s a character, not just a “Do you see Isaac?” she asks me, glancing . l • , • setting. I have certain students with whom up a steep hill on the north end of the - .... I’ve worked every week for nearly two years, property, which is also her home. students whose close personal relationships I follow her gaze to the place where the outside the classroom remain mysteries to forest begins, the tall dark trees of the sub- me, but whose deep and abiding love for a alpine zone. Partway up is an enormous pon- certain section of river or mountain range derosa pine. New to me when I moved to I’ve come to fully understand. Montana from Minnesota nearly five years I see this same sensibility emerging in ago, the tree seems almost otherworldly, as my younger son, Isaac, the sole member though it were devised to entertain children of our family born in Montana. Isaac seems with its vanilla-scented bark shaped like to belong to this place and its land in an jigsaw puzzle pieces. effortless and organic way, in spite of his Isaac and his classmates eat lunch under coastal parents and Minnesota-born older this tree in the snow-free circle at its base. brother, so much so that it makes me won- This is where I spy my son’s blue jacket, his der about forces at work beyond simply red hat resting on his backpack and his genes and parenting. curved form protected by the boughs as On a drizzly fall afternoon in Missoula, snow falls all around. I’m midway through the drive to Isaac’s “He’s asleep,” his teacher says, with a half- preschool when the snow starts to fall. Arriv- smile. I love her not only for appreciating the ing at the school, I scan the field for him as sweetness of the moment, but for having always do, looking for his red fleece hat and simply let the nap happen when and where the dark blue jacket he’d opted to wear that it did, not keeping Isaac on schedule with morning. But on this day, through the rapidly everyone else or moving him indoors. increasing snowflakes, I don’t see him. For a 4-year-old, this is what being a Emily Freeman While Isaac’s preschool is 3,985 feet Montanan means: feeling so much at ease (M.F.A. ’08) teaches above sea level, our house in town is 787 feet outside that he can nod off after lunch on a writing in Missoula, lower at 3,198. This matters because, often, cold afternoon as though it were the most Montana. when it’s rainy at home, snow is falling at natural thing in the world—and perhaps it Illustration by school, even though it’s only a seven-minute is—to rest beneath a tree on a mattress of Miguel Gallardo drive. Such is the magic of Montana, where pine needles. Isaac can spend the day at school making I walk through the snow towards the tree, snowmen and return home to find a damp trailing two of Isaac’s classmates who’ve and muddy backyard. noticed him lying there. Their giggles rouse My son’s teacher walks over to me with a him from sleep, and as they peel off to dis- bemused look on her face. The mother of tractions elsewhere, he blinks his eyes open. three school-aged children, she’s refresh- “Mama,” he says, a smile blossoming on his ingly unexcitable, the kind of person who, face. “I was hoping you’d wake me up.” if your child had disappeared, might simply wander over to where you were standing

48 MINNESOTA ALUMNI Spring 2017 DRIVE WITH PRIDE Get the official University of Minnesota license plate today!

Show your maroon and gold pride wherever you go Plates are also available for: by owning an official U of M license plate. For each purchase or renewal, a $25 contribution goes to support student scholarships at the University of u~ !VWITY or Mlllr,;JESOTA Minnesota. Get one for your car and let everyone MORRIS know you’re driven to make a difference in the lives UMC of students. It’s a simple thing you can do to make an impact. Rochester campus not available at this time. For more details, visit umnalumni.org/plates or call the Alumni Association at 612-624-2323

Plates are only available in Minnesota and may be purchased through Minnesota’s Driver and Vehicle Services. Electronic Service Requested .. UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA ..a.. ALUMNI ASSOCIATION 200 Oak St. SE, Suite 200 Minneapolis, MN

A Century of Service. A Tradition of Caring. A Legacy of Integrity. Ebenezer Senior Living.

Since 1917, Ebenezer has built more than just buildings. We’ve built a reputation for quality, caring and innovative housing solutions for Minnesota seniors. More importantly we build the places seniors love to call home. Ebenezer offers senior apartments and co-ops, assisted living and memory care apart- ments, skilled nursing and transitional care, along with adult day programs. As part of Fairview Health Services, our mission is to YEARS heal, discover and educate, for longer, healthier, meaningful lives. 1917-2017

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