Doncaster Local Plan: Archaeological Scoping Assessment

Allocation Reference: 468 Area (Ha): 6.86 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5062 9968 Site Name: Former Earth Centre Carpark, Denaby Main Settlement: Conisbrough

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Local Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - 1 SMR record/event 1 record 4 records Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest Yes Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Partial n/a

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Allocation Reference: 468 Area (Ha): 6.86 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5062 9968 Site Name: Former Earth Centre Carpark, Denaby Main Settlement: Conisbrough

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records one monument within the site, the site of the 19th-century Providence Glassworks, located at the western side of the site. Four findspots are located within the buffer zone, all surface finds of flint artefacts, mainly dating to the Mesolithic period and recovered from near Cadeby Cliff to the northeast of the site and the Ings to the northwest. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are recorded within the site. One grade II listed milepost is located within the buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project did not record any features within the site. Within the buffer, 20th-century air raid shelters and post-medieval terraced ground in the southern part of the buffer. Historic Environment Characterisation records the landscape character within the site as a mixture of Modern Regenerated Scrubland and Suburban Commercial Core. The regenerated scrubland is on the site of the former Providence Glass Works at the western end of the site, with an adjacent strip to the east formerly occupied by 19th-century housing. Further character zones within the buffer include Regenerated Scrubland on the site of Denaby Main Colliery, modern residential, commercial, educational and leisure development in Denaby, all dating from the 20th century, with the sites of reclaimed coal mining spoil heaps to the north at the Ings, and former Cadeby Main Colliery to the northeast at the Earth Centre. Historic Landfill data records an area of former infill to the immediate east of the site, at ‘River Don and Conisbrough Station’. The nature of the infill is not recorded. The site is currently a car parking area surfaced with hardcore, with a modern lightweight building at the eastern end. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1851 map showed the site occupied by fields, many of which were narrow with sinuous boundaries characteristic of enclosure from medieval open field. The River Don ran on a different route to its current alignment, forming a wide meander with the land extending further north than it does at present. The central area of the site was labelled 'Wrangholme', with the bend of the river at the southeast end of the meander labelled 'The Devil's Elbow'. The course of a silted up former meander of the river was shown within a field in the eastern part of the wide meander, as an isolated crescent-shaped pond with adjacent osier bed. This was north of the current area of the site. The southern boundary was formed by a railway line. The 1892 map showed the Providence Glass Works at the western end of the site, with buildings labelled kilns, a series of other irregularly- shaped buildings, and an internal railway system linked to the main railway which formed the southern boundary of the site. Two rows of terraced housing were shown to the immediate west of the works. These buildings were accessed by Kilner’s Bridge over the railway and a road running along the south boundary of the site. The area to the west was shown as two fields, with many of the former boundaries having been removed. By 1906, the glass works had expanded further, and the bridge at the southeast end of the site was shown, crossing the river Don, with a road leading to it along the southern boundary of the site from Kilner's Bridge. The glassworks area was densely occupied by buildings by 1930, with the western row of housing having been demolished and replaced by factory buildings. Two semi-detached houses were shown at the southeast corner of the site (labelled Cadeby Villas in 1962). In 1956, the Providence Glass Works was still labelled, though all the kilns and buildings at the western side of the works had been demolished. Only a few structures were shown at the eastern side of the works site. In 1962, a colliery spoil tip covered the majority of the eastern side of the site. The former glass works buildings west of the spoil tip were labelled NCB Offices in 1975, with scrubland at the western tip of the site. By 1994, the entire site was shown as vacant land, with the road network still shown along the southern edge and road and footbridges over the Don at the eastern end. The route of the river had been straightened by this date, with a canalised section cut across the former meander. This forms the current boundary of the site.

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Within the buffer, the 1851 map showed the South Yorkshire, Doncaster and Goole Railway running along the southern boundary of the site, and irregularly shaped fields between the railway and the river as well as south of the railway. Areas labelled Near Under Hill Field and Sandy Rood Field were located to the south of the railway, probably the names of medieval open fields that had previously extended up to the river. Cadeby Cliff was located in the northeast part of the buffer, Mexborough Low Lock at the northwest end, and North Cliff to the south. The 1894 map showed development at Denaby Main village, with housing to the south of the railway and in the southwest part of the buffer. Limekilns were shown to the south of Kilner's Bridge and Cadeby Colliery was shown at the eastern edge of the buffer, north of the River Don. Railway sidings associated with Denaby Main colliery were in the western part of the buffer. Denaby Main village and Cadeby Main colliery had both expanded by 1904 and further by 1956. A railway line linking Cadeby Main colliery to the main line had been built across the Don to the immediate west of the site by 1904. The 1967 map showed the buffer area north of the Don and west of Cadeby Main as almost entirely covered with spoil heap; these were still present in 1980, though the Cadeby Main and Denaby Main colliery buildings and railway infrastructure had all been demolished, the sites shown as vacant land. Survival: The extent of sub-surface survival is currently uncertain as the site has been landscaped following the closure of Cadeby and Denaby Main collieries, including the re-routing of the River Don along the northern boundary of the site. A spoil heap formerly covered most of the site, and it is uncertain whether this was entirely removed or used to build up the current land surface. The extent of works buildings and kilns shown at the late 19th-century Providence Glassworks at the western end of the site suggests that there is a high potential for the survival of buried archaeological remains associated with these structures. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation may be required if this site is brought forward for development. Significance: Remains associated with the glass works and workers’ housing could be considered to be of Local archaeological significance. Note: this site covers the same area as site 691.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: The 2002 aerial photographs showed the central and eastern part of the site as a car park for the Earth Centre to the north of the new route of the River Don. Surfacing appeared to be mainly hardcore, and a modern lightweight building to the east may have been visitor facilities. To the west, the site was shown as rough grass. By 2008, the car park was no longer shown and the whole site appeared to have been either stripped of topsoil or covered with hardcore. No evidence for former buildings was visible. This remained unchanged by 2015, with the exception of some rough grass regeneration in places. Lidar coverage for the site is limited to the land immediately adjacent to the river, and does not shown any previously unrecorded features. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009 & 2015. Lidar data file SK5099. RAF/CPE/UK/2011 5376 16-Apr-1947; MAL/67023 0024 31-Mar-1967.

Statutory Designations Reference Name Designation/ Site? Buffer? ID Grade 1192827 Milepost in pavement to front of number 10 II Y

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SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 02393/01 Mesolithic Flint Mesolithic flint finds found on field surface above rock face Y Finds, Cadeby after ploughing. Interpreted as possible rock shelter. 02408/01 Flint Tool Finds, Flint tools; 2 scrapers and 3 utilised flakes Y Cadeby 02411/01 Flint Tool Finds, top Flint tools: 5 utilised flakes from ploughed field on top of Y of Cadeby Cliff Cadeby Cliff. 02425/01 Prehistoric Flints Mesolithic flints - numbers not stated. Found in field after Y and Romano-British ploughing 19.10.1979. Blades, scrapers, burins, arrowhead Pottery found at (leaf type)/ Also Romano-British grey ware sherds. 'High The Ings, Doncaster number of microliths'. 03723/01 Providence Providence Glass Works (1844-1939) produced bottles and Y Glassworks, jars. The works was founded by the Kilner Brothers as an Conisbrough addition to the main factory at Thornhill Lees and Castleford (West Yorkshire).

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY5383 Site of Providence Glassworks, Conisbrough, Regenerated Scrubland Y Y Doncaster HSY5384 Former housing area around site of Providence Regenerated Scrubland Y Y Glassworks, Conisbrough, Doncaster HSY5386 North east of Kilner Bridge, Conisbrough, Commercial Core-Suburban Y Y Doncaster HSY4280 The Earth Centre (Former Cadeby Colliery), Tourist Attraction Y Conisborough, Doncaster HSY4558 The Ings, Denaby / Mexborough, Doncaster Reclaimed Coal Mine Y HSY5326 North Cliff Hill (Conisbrough Crags), Commons and greens Y Conisbrough, Doncaster HSY5363 Denaby Main East, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5377 Undeveloped site of Denaby Main Colliery, Regenerated Scrubland Y Doncaster HSY5385 Land north of Doncaster Road, Denaby Main, Regenerated Scrubland Y Doncaster HSY5420 St Albans RC and Balby Street Schools, School Y Conisbrough / Denaby Main, Doncaster HSY5421 Crags Road, Denaby Main, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5423 Church Road, Denaby Main, Doncaster Semi-Detached Housing Y HSY5424 Commercial area, Denaby Main, Doncaster Commercial Core-Suburban Y

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Allocation Reference: 469 Area (Ha): 2.66 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6914 1533 Site Name: Land at Bloomhill Road, Moorends Settlement: Thorne Moorends

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Uncertain Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - 1 record, 1 event Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 469 Area (Ha): 2.66 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6914 1533 Site Name: Land at Bloomhill Road, Moorends Settlement: Thorne Moorends

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments or findspots within the site. One findspot and one event are recorded in the buffer zone. The findspot is of a Bronze Age flint arrowhead, whilst the event was a coring survey undertaken to identify any areas of raised land which may have attracted prehistoric and later settlement. The survey identified the sub-surface deposits as inorganic sand, silt and clay, with no continuation of the Thorne Moor peat and gravel spurs into the area. No listed buildings or Scheduled Monuments are recorded within the site or the buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project records ridge and furrow earthworks and cropmarks within the site and buffer zone, though no earthwork features are visible within the site on recent aerial images. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as Drained Wetland and Modern Private Housing Estate. The character within the majority of the site and part of the buffer is defined as land enclosed as part of the Parliamentary Enclosure of the area in 1825, with no legibility of former common land. The present boundaries within this character area are largely defined by the 19th century drainage layout. Only a small section of the 1970s housing along the southern edge of the site intrudes into the site area, comprising one house fronting onto Bloomhill Road. To the north and east of the site the landscape character within the buffer comprises 20th century commercial core-suburban and residential development, with no legibility of former landscapes. The site has been in agricultural use since at least 1825 and remains undeveloped land at the present day. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The site was shown as two fields on the 1825 Thorne, Hatfield and Fishlake enclosure map. No change was shown within the site between 1854 and 1962. Structures were shown within the site on the 1971 OS map, including a house on the Bloomhill Road frontage, and unlabelled buildings in both fields, possibly sheds or outbuildings. These were not shown on the 1991 OS map, which depicted a new boundary dividing the eastern field from the grounds of the housing to the south. Within the buffer zone, North Common Drain, North Common Road and Marshland Road were extant by 1825. Mount Pleasant was marked on the 1841 OS map, with Bloom Hill Farm shown in 1854. North Common Drain had been modified by the construction of the Doncaster to Hull branch of the North Eastern Railway along the western site boundary by 1892. A Catholic church, a presbytery and housing developments were also shown within the buffer zone at that date. Little change had occurred by 1956 but a coal yard and a second church were shown in 1962, while further housing development had occurred by 1971. Bloomhill Stud Farm had been established immediately to the south-west of the site by 1991. Survival: Due to the relative lack of deep ground disturbance, the potential for the survival of any previously unrecorded buried archaeology is considered to be moderate. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown. Note: Site 469 is a sub-site of larger site 150/276.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first-century aerial photographs show the site as scrub or rough pasture, with the 19th-century field boundaries marked by overgrown hedges. The site of a shed or outbuilding building shown in 1971-1980 in the eastern field is visible as a building platform, with small structures or sheds in the western field in a different location to that of a larger outbuilding shown in 1971, and there is no sign of the earlier building. There is no Lidar coverage for the site. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage 2002, 2008 & 2009.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 01886/01 Bronze Age Barbed and tanged Bronze Age arrowhead from Moorends. Y Arrowhead, Thorne Moorends ESY539 Bloom Hill, Thorne In November 2002 a programme of coring was conducted on Y Moor land at Common Road in Bloom Hill. The deposit survey was carried out to identify any raised areas likely to have attracted early settlement or subsistence activity. The deposits encountered were mainly inorganic sand, silt and clay. Of particular interest was that no evidence for a continuation of the nearby Thorne Moors peat and gravel spur deposits was encountered by this survey.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4416 North Common, Thorne, Doncaster Industrial to Modern Drained Y Y Wetland HSY4667 1970s estates to the south of Moorends Modern Private Housing Estate Y Y village, Doncaster HSY4417 Dikes Marsh and Moorends warped lands, Industrial to Modern Drained Y Thorne, Doncaster Wetland HSY4664 Moorends commercial core, Thorne Modern Commercial Core- Y Moorends, Doncaster Suburban HSY4665 Darlington Grove, East Gate and Belvedere, Modern Planned Estate (Social Y Moorends, Doncaster Housing) HSY4666 Bloomhill Court, Moorends, Doncaster Modern Private Housing Estate Y

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Allocation Reference: 470 Area (Ha): 0.562 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6820 0570 Site Name: Land off Wellington Rd and Blenheim Rd Settlement: Lindholme

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Local Historic landscape significance Uncertain Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - - Cropmark/Lidar evidence Yes Yes Cartographic features of interest Yes Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Partial n/a

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Allocation Reference: 470 Area (Ha): 0.562 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6820 0570 Site Name: Land off Wellington Rd and Blenheim Rd Settlement: Lindholme

Site assessment Known assets/character: There are no SMR records within the site or the buffer zone. There are no Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings within the site or the buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project records a 20th- century military airfield on the site and extending throughout the buffer zone. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as a planned estate of former RAF married quarters. Before its construction, the area of RAF Lindholme was surveyed drained farmland, created from the former raised mire of Hatfield Moor by Parliamentary Enclosure award in 1825. There is no legibility of pre RAF landscape within this area. The eastern end of the buffer zone is characterised as a military airfield which is complete in plan, although is now part of HMP Lindholme and used as an Immigration Removal Centre. The north of the site is characterised as a prison, HMP Moorlands, built around 1985. The site currently comprises an irregularly-shaped parcel of land, bisected by a small road aligned approximately east-west through the centre. The site is currently scrub wasteland and is surrounded by modern structures. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The site is shown on the 1854 map within an area of fields which are labelled Fishlake (detached). There is no change depicted within the site until the 1956 map, when it is shown to be located within Lindholme Airfield, although there is no mapping detail within the airfield itself. However, it is known that the site became part of the airfield before that time, although was not depicted on maps for security reasons. The airfield was constructed in advance of WWII and during much of the war functioned as a training base for heavy bombers. Work began on the airbase in the spring of 1938, taking in approximately 250 acres of pasture for the airfield itself and a further 150 for the camp and support facilities. Hampden, Manchester, Wellington and Lancaster aircraft were all based here, with the base considered the 'home of the Lancaster" as all Lancaster crews were trained at this base. Following WWII, the base became a solely training establishment for Bomber Command. Four structures are shown to exist on the site on the 1962 map, numbered 1-4 Blenheim Road. It is likely that these structures are earlier than this, but earlier maps lacked detail within the airfield. By the 1983 map these structures had been demolished, although all of the other structures on Blenheim Road remained. Within the buffer zone, the area comprised fields in 1854. The modern A614 to the west of the site was extant at this time, although was unnamed. Small patches of woodland were dotted throughout the buffer zone, with an old gravel pit marked to the south-west of the site. There is no change within the buffer zone until 1956, when the whole are is marked as an airfield, although detail within the airfield itself is not depicted. As noted above, the area became an airfield in the 1930s, but the area is still shown as fields until 1956. The 1962 map demonstrates that the southern, eastern and western ends of the buffer zone contained buildings; to the south and east which appear to be houses, and to the east which appear more functional in nature, perhaps control towers, administrative buildings and recreational buildings. The area to the north contained the runways. The site remains unchanged on the 1983 map. Survival: Four houses were shown within the site by 1938, associated with RAF Lindenholme. The houses have since been demolished. Due to the lack of development on the site since, below-ground remains of these structures are likely to survive well. Outside of the footprint of these structures, the potential for survival of unrecorded buried archaeology is considered to be moderate. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation may be required if the site is brought forward for development.

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Significance: Remains of the RAF houses may be considered to be of Local archaeological significance.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: RAF Lindholme was sold in 1985 to the Prison Service, although the site has remained much the same and there is no change evident from the 1983 map on twenty-first century aerial photographs. The site has remained an irregular parcel of land between the structures of married quarters of the former RAF base. Blenheim Road bisects the site, and the site appears to currently be scrub wasteland. Within the buffer zone, major change has occurred to the north of the site since the 1983 map, with the construction of HMP Moorlands over the previous runways of the airfield. The outline of the runways can still identified on aerial photographs. There is no available Lidar data for the site. Photograph references: Google Earth images 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2015. RAF/541/170 4018 21-Sep-1948.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4415 Former Married Quarters, RAF Lindholme, Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Y Doncaster HSY4406 HMP Moorlands (closed), Hatfield Moor or Prison Y Waste, Doncaster HSY4407 Lindholme Immigration Removal Centre Military Airfield Y (former RAF Lindholme), Hatfield Moor or Waste, Doncaster

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Allocation Reference: 473 Area (Ha): 1.06 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6074 0228 Site Name: Cantley Lane, Rose Hill, Cantley Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Uncertain Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event 2 records 3 records Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 473 Area (Ha): 1.06 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6074 0228 Site Name: Cantley Lane, Rose Hill, Cantley Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: he SMR records two monuments within the site, both continuing into the buffer. One findspot is recorded within the buffer. The site is at the northwest edge of an area where many pottery kilns have been recorded, associated with a major pottery industry concentrated to the east of Doncaster in the Roman period. The supposed route of a major Roman road from Lincoln to York, via Bawtry and Doncaster, runs through the site and buffer on a southeast to northwest alignment, though its exact location has not been proved within this area and remains speculative. A Roman coin was found in a field near the crematorium, near the northeast edge of the buffer. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are recorded within the site or buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project did not record any features within the site. Within the northern part of the buffer zone, earthworks and structures associated with a rifle range were recorded on a photograph dated to 1946, in an area since built over. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site and the northern part of the buffer as Rosehill Cemetery, created in the late 1950s with no legibility of former piecemeal enclosures. The cemetery was probably established in association with early to mid-20th-century housing development in the area. Further character zones within the buffer include plantations to the southeast of the site, private and social housing estates and detached houses to the north, west and south, and Parliamentary Enclosure fields at the northwest edge. The site is currently a grassed field/verge area to the north of Cantley Lane, with a tall hedge/tree boundary separating it from the cemetery to the north. A small area of car parking is at the northwest edge. The southeast corner of the site is bounded by the drive to the crematorium. The northwest boundary is formed by Ascot Avenue. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 OS map shows the site as the southwest end of a larger field, with the southwest boundary formed by Sand Road. A lane to Wilby ran through the southeast side of the site on a northeast-southwest alignment. The 1892 map showed a small enclosure and adjacent structure, possibly a barn, within a wooded area at the southeast end of the site, south of the Wilby lane. Between 1903 and 1930, loss of boundaries meant that the site was part of one much larger field. The lane to Wilby was still shown. By 1937, the current northern boundary was depicted, and the Wilby lane had been removed. The western boundary had been established by 1960, when Ascot Avenue was first shown, and by that date the site was shown in its current layout. The small barn structure shown in 1892 was depicted as a 'ruin' in 1960. Within the buffer, the 1854 OS map showed a lodge to the immediate southeast of the site, surrounded by Lodge Plantation. The lodge was adjacent to a drive leading into Cantley Park. The remaining area was fields, some to the north of the Sand Road having sinuous boundaries and recorded as Micklehill Field, whilst those to the south of the road were regular in shape and suggestive of Parliamentary Enclosure from commons. Rose Hill was shown at the western edge of the buffer. Between 1903 and 1930, the area to the south of Sand Road (now Cantley Lane) was developed with detached housing in well spaced garden plots. Denser housing was shown in the western part of the buffer. The South Yorkshire Joint Railway had been constructed at the western side of the buffer, and a rifle range was shown to the north of the site. Rose Hill Cemetery had been established to the north of the site by 1937, with a mortuary chapel and entrance lodge. A crematorium was shown to the east of the cemetery, accessed via the drive from Cantley Lodge, by 1960. At that date, housing covered the former rifle range to the north of the site. Other than further housing infill, the buffer remained unchanged by 1993. Survival: No evidence for sub-surface disturbance has been shown on any of the historic maps or aerial photographs. The potential for the survival of unrecorded buried archaeology within the site is considered to be moderate. Roman

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pottery kilns, associated settlement and agriculture have been recorded within the area, and a supposed route of a Roman road runs through the site. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations are likely to be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown. Remains associated with the Roman road and pottery industries could be of Local to Regional significance depending on their extent, nature and condition. Note: Site 473 is within the area covered by slightly larger site 400.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: The 2002-2015 aerial photographs show the site as a grassed field/verge area to the north of Cantley Lane, with a tall hedge/tree boundary separating it from the cemetery to the north. A small area of car parking is located at the northwest edge, and a drive to the crematorium runs through the southeast corner, which contains trees that may form part of Lodge Plantation. The northwest boundary is formed by Ascot Avenue. The area to the north of the site is shown as grave plots, but no evidence for graves continuing into the site is visible. The 2008 aerial view showed a construction compound within the site, to the east of the car parking area. This had a tarmac or hardcore surface and no permanent buildings, and had gone by 2009 when its location was grassed over. The site of the former compound is visible in the Lidar data, as is a small circular mound of uncertain origin to the south of the car park, not visible on aerial photographs. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009 & 2015. Lidar data tile SE6002 DTM 1m. RAF/CPE/UK/1880 5110 06-Dec-1946.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 01807/01 Roman Period Coin, Roman coin - Sestertius of Marcus Aurelius from field near Y Cantley crematorium. 04915 Roman Road; Suggested Roman road following the original line of military Y Y Bawtry to Adwick advance from Lincoln towards York, entering South Yorkshire Le Street via in the south-east at Bawtry, travelling north-west through Doncaster Doncaster and Adwick Le Street and then on towards Castleford. 04930 The Doncaster A series of potteries have been recorded and excavated in the Y Y Roman Pottery Doncaster district over several decades. The potteries may be Production Area considered a single industrial entity that stretches across several kilometres to the east of Doncaster. To date, sites have been recorded in the parishes of Cantley, Rossington, Blaxton, Auckley and Doncaster.

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SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4834 Rosehill Cemetery, Cantley, Doncaster Cemetery Y Y HSY4811 Great North Road, Bessacarr, Doncaster Villas/ Detached Housing Y HSY4833 Beldam & Lodge Plantations, Cantley, Plantation Y Doncaster HSY4835 Ascot Avenue, Cantley, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY4843 The Oval, Bessacarr, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5144 Grass Road, Doncaster Surveyed Enclosure Y (Parliamentary/ Private) HSY5146 Rose Hill, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y

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Allocation Reference: 474 Area (Ha): 0.35 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6128 0696 Site Name: Sunnyside Depot, Edenthorpe Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - 1 record/4 events Cropmark/Lidar evidence No No Cartographic features of interest Yes No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Unknown n/a

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Allocation Reference: 474 Area (Ha): 0.345 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 61277 06959 Site Name: Sunnyside Depot, Edenthorpe Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any findspots, monuments or events within the site. One findspot and four events are recorded in the buffer zone. The findspot was of an undated iron axe head found near Sandall Stones Road to the northwest of the site, where geophysical surveys and trial trenching identified one linear ditch probably associated with an Iron Age to Roman field boundary. A geophysical survey to the south, off Hungerhill Lane, revealed possibly natural features that did not correspond with the recorded cropmarks. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are recorded within the site or the buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project did not record any features within the site. Iron Age to Roman boundary ditches were recorded as cropmark features within the buffer. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as Semi-Detached Housing. These properties date to the early to mid-20th century. This area was enclosed by the 1746 Hexthorpe enclosure award. There is no legibility of the former landscape. Character zones within the buffer are defined as Planned Estate (Social Housing), Other Industry, School, Agglomerated Fields and Playing Field/Recreation Ground. The site is currently occupied by a depot building and its car park. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The site was shown as fields on the 1854 OS map. No changes were shown within the site until the 1930 map, when the land formed part of the gardens to the rear of properties on Doncaster Road. A detached building shown along the eastern site boundary at that date may have been a shed. A larger building was shown within the site in 1948. This was marked as a depot on the 1961 OS map. The possible shed was not shown at that date. A smaller building that stood to the east of the depot in 1967 was not shown in 1969. A rectangular building had been constructed in the south of the site by that date. The site was labelled ‘Council Depot’ in 1969. No changes were shown within the site on the 1983 OS map. Various features were marked within the buffer zone on the 1854 OS map, including fields, Dodge Dike, Carr Plantation, Thorne Road, Holly Buck Lane, Near Sandall Field, Church Balk and Hunger Hill. Carr Dike was labelled on the 1892 map. Housing and an orchard were shown on the 1930 OS map, with further housing and a playing field by 1962 and various industrial buildings by 1982. Survival: The extent of disturbance of sub-surface deposits caused by the constriction of the mid-20th-century depot is currently unknown. The potential for the survival of unrecorded buried archaeological remains is currently unknown. Iron Age to Roman fields have been recorded within the buffer. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first-century aerial photographs show the site as the Council depot and its car park. Lidar data does not

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show any evidence for archaeological features within the site. Photograph references: Google Earth: 2002, 2003, 2008 and 2009. Bing Maps: 2015. Lidar data tile SE 6106 DTM 1m.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 02833/01 Iron Axe Head of Iron axe head found adjacent to Barnby Dun Road. Y Unknown Date found near Barnby Dun Road, Edenthorpe ESY319 Geophysical Survey Geophysical survey detected a number of faint linear, Y of Land off curvilinear and pit-type anomalies. However, the survey Doncaster Road evidence does not correspond with the aerial photograph evidence, which could suggest that the features have been destroyed since the aerial photographs were taken. ESY475 Archaeological In 2002 a second programme of geophysical survey was Y Evaluation of land conducted on land off Hungerhill Lane covering over 14 off Hungerhill Lane hectares. This revealed several linear anomalies that did not correspond with cropmark evidence or old field boundaries. It is possible that they may be natural features. ESY1461 Geophysical survey Geophysical survey identified features likely to have been Y at Sandall Stones associated with ridge and furrow agricultural regimes, along Road with the route of a drain known from historic mapping. Other anomalies were likely due to buried ferrous material and other modern features. ESY1462 Trial trenching at Twelve trenches were excavated at Kirk Sandall Industrial Y Kirk Sandall Estate. Only one trench contained archaeology, this Industrial Estate, comprising a ditch, a gully and an irregularly shaped feature. Sandall Stones The area round this trench was enlarged and a longer stretch Road of the ditch recorded. No artefacts were recovered from the features, and a small number of unstratified finds were recovered from the ploughsoil. It is likely that the ditch represents an Iron Age to Romano-British field boundary.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4774 Sunnyside, Kirk Sandall, Doncaster Semi-Detached Housing Y Y HSY4752 Graham Road Estate, Kirk Sandal, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY4759 Kirk Sandall Industrial Estate (South of Railway Other Industry Y Line), Doncaster HSY4760 Hungerhill School, Kirk Sandall, Doncaster School Y HSY4763 Hungerhill, Kirk Sandall, Doncaster Agglomerated fields Y HSY4773 Mid twentieth century estate housing, Kirk Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Sandall, Doncaster HSY4775 Recreation Ground, Sunnyside, Doncaster Playing Fields/ Recreation ground Y

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Allocation Reference: 475 Area (Ha): 4.17 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5747 1240 Site Name: Land South of Oakwell Drive and Coniston Rd Settlement: Askern

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Uncertain Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - - Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 475 Area (Ha): 4.17 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5747 1240 Site Name: Land South of Oakwell Drive and Coniston Rd Settlement: Askern

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Aerial photographs from 2002 demonstrate that the northern site boundary had been established by 2002, with the creation of a housing estate to the immediate north of the site. The site is currently two fields, used as arable land. There is no available Lidar data for the site. Photograph references: Google Earth images 2002, 2008, 2009, 2015. RAF/541/31 3458 18-May-1948.

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SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4370 Former Askern Common, Askern, Doncaster Drained Wetland Y Y HSY372 Askern Common planned estate Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY373 Askern Common Industrial Estate, Askern, Barracks Y Doncaster HSY4364 Land to the west of Fenwick, Doncaster Agglomerated fields Y HSY4371 Land north of Haywood, Doncaster Agglomerated fields Y

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Allocation Reference: 494 Area (Ha): 19.36 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5427 0596 Site Name: Green Lane, Scawthorpe Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Uncertain Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument 1 1 Listed Building - - SMR record/event 5 records/2 events 6 records/6 events Cropmark/Lidar evidence Yes Yes Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 494 Area (Ha): 19.36 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5427 0596 Site Name: Green Lane, Scawthorpe Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records two findspots, three monuments and two within the site. The monuments comprise a large enclosure and field boundaries of probable Iron Age to Roman date, identified as cropmarks within the northwest part of the site; and a major Roman road leading from York to Lincoln via Doncaster. The road has two monument records, relating to its suggested route and to the route as demonstrated by surviving earthwork remains. It is also a Scheduled Monument. The events also relate to this road, involving a walkover survey and evaluation trenching, which identified part of the probable road surface towards the southern end of the monument. The road continues into the buffer. The two findspots are both of Roman coins found on the field surface, though the text for each suggests they were identical and may be the same coin recorded twice. Three further monuments, a findspot and four events are recorded within the buffer. The monuments are enclosures and field boundaries recorded as cropmarks to the north, south and southwest of the site, forming part of a wider landscape of Iron Age to Roman agriculture and dispersed settlement within the area. The events comprised a geophysical survey at Don Valley School that identified the possible remains of Scawthorpe Grange at the northeast edge of the buffer; geophysical survey, evaluation and excavation at York Road park and ride at the northeast corner of the buffer, which identified Roman settlement enclosures and an earlier trackway; and evaluation trenching at Emley Drive to the south, which did not recover any archaeological features, though some abraded Roman pottery was found in the plough soil. One Scheduled Monument is recorded within the site and buffer, the Roman Ridge Roman road, with the Scheduled area just extending into the southwest edge of the site. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded the sub- rectangular enclosure at the northwest side of the site, with associated field boundaries and fragmentary remains of a trackway within the eastern part of the site. The enclosure is the feature recorded on the SMR and is probably of Iron Age to Roman date. Further remains of similar enclosures, field boundaries and trackways are recorded within the buffer to the north, south and west of the site. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site and the northwest and southeast parts of the buffer as agglomerated fields created through the loss of boundaries in the 20th century with only partial legibility of the former Parliamentary Enclosure fields dating to 1761. Further character zones within the buffer include further agglomerated fields to the southwest and northeast corner, a mixture of semi-detached, detached and social housing estates, and a school. The site is currently two fields in arable cultivation. It is bounded to the north by Green Lane, to the west by the Roman Ridge bridleway, and to the east by the rear of housing plots. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 map shows the site as six fields, bounded to the north by Green Lane, to the east by York Road (the Great North Road) and to the southwest by the Roman Ridge Roman road. The fields had regular boundaries characteristic of Parliamentary Enclosure, and the area was called Scawthorpe Field. Internal field boundaries were gradually removed after 1971, though four fields were still shown in 1992. Within the buffer, the 1854 map shows Scawthorpe Farm immediately to the southeast of the site. A small area of quarrying was shown at the junction of Green Lane and York Road, with another quarry and a limekiln to the east. Other than the roads, including Middle Gate and Long Edge Lane heading east from York Road, the remainder of the buffer was fields. The 1892 map showed ornamental gardens to the east of Scawthorpe Farm, and a lodge at the entrance of a newly-created curving driveway, suggesting the farm had become a house of some substance. It had a small gasometer to the rear. A further house and gardens were shown to the north of the farm, and one of the quarries to the northeast was disused. In 1906, a small group of terraced cottages were shown to the immediate west of Scawthorpe Farm. By 1930 a few houses were shown to the east of York Road, with a housing estate further to the east under construction in 1948. By 1956, a row of houses had been built

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along Green Lane, up to the northeast edge of the site and further housing was shown at the northwest corner of the buffer. Scawthorpe Farm had been renamed Scawthorpe Hall by 1961. A small reservoir was shown to the northeast of the site, east of York Road, by 1992, behind housing. Survival: The site has been in intensive arable cultivation in the later 20th century, and this may have disturbed and truncated sub-surface deposits. The potential for the survival of buried archaeology below the plough zone is considered to be high. An enclosure and field boundaries of probable Iron Age to Roman date have been recorded as cropmarks within the northwest part of the site, and there is the potential for similar remains to extend throughout the site. A Roman road runs along the southwest boundary and associated deposits may continue into the southwest edge of the site. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations will be required if the site is brought forward for development. The impact of development on the setting of the Roman Ridge Scheduled Monument should also be considered. Significance: The Roman road along the southwest boundary is a Scheduled Monument, and thus of National archaeological significance. The Scheduled area extends into the southwest edge of the site. Remains of Iron Age to Roman settlement and agricultural activity could be of Local to Regional significance depending on the nature, extent and condition of surviving remains.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: The 2002-2009 aerial photographs show the site as one large field to the north, with the southern part of the site forming part of the larger Broad Axe Field to the south. Both were in arable cultivation. On the 2015 photograph, a partial boundary was shown along the current southeast site boundary, though the field still appeared to be cultivated as part of Broad Axe Field. No cropmarks are visible within the field on any of the photographs, but these were not taken at a suitable time in the cropping regime for these to show clearly. Lidar data shows the Roman Ridge along the southwest boundary of the site as a path and low bank. No features of archaeological interest are visible within the site. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009 & 2015. Lidar data files SE5305, SE5306, SE5405 & SE5406 DTM 1m. MAL/60427 81665 21-Jun-1960; SE5406/1 DNR 340/25 31-Jul-1971; SE5406/16 NMR 4978/11 03-Jul-1990; SE5405/1 DNR 2432/19 02-Aug-1991; SE5405/13 NMR 12521/72 12-Jul-1994; SE5306/27 NMR 17572/28 05-Jul- 2001.

Statutory Designations Reference Name Designation/ Site? Buffer? ID Grade 1003672 Roman Ridge, Roman road, NW of Doncaster SM Y Y

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SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 00061/01 Iron Age or Rectangular enclosures and possible lane - interpretation Y Romano-British complicated by much frost cracking Rectangular Enclosure, Bentley 00062/01 Iron Age or Roman- A large enclosure shows as a crop mark in fields north of Y British Enclosure, Scawsby. The site lies adjacent the Roman Road through Bentley Adwick-le-Street. A second century AD coin was found in the same field in the nineteen seventies. 01273/01 Roman Coin Sestertius of Hadrian (A.D. 119-121) adjacent to "Roman Y Bentley / Arksey Ridge" road. 02877/01 Roman Coin, Roman AE Sestertius of Hadrian. Rome mint AD 119-121. Y Bentley Found on the surface in 1973. 03039/01 'Roman Ridge', Stretches of Roman road used recently as a bridle path. It Y Y Roman Road at would have been the main Roman road from Doncaster Adwick le (Danum) towards Castleford (Lagentivm). Street/Bentley 04016/01 Enclosure, Bentley 2 enclosures, plus other unidentified features. Y with Arksey 04179/01 Pottery Find, Emley Unstratified abraded pottery recovered from ploughsoil, Emley Y Drive, Scawsby Drive, Scawsby. 04915 Roman Road; Suggested Roman road following the original line of military Y Y Bawtry to Adwick advance from Lincoln towards York, entering South Yorkshire Le Street via in the south-east at Bawtry, travelling north-west through Doncaster Doncaster and Adwick Le Street and then on towards Castleford. 04935 Iron Age or Aerial photograph transcription identifies an enclosure and Y Romano-British field system remains. settlement site, Scawsby ESY151 Evaluation: York Geophysical survey revealed linear anomalies from infilled Y Road Park and ditches and pits as well as possible areas of burning. The main Ride, Scawthorpe, feature is a double-ditched trackway with an appended Doncaster enclosure. Evaluation revealed evidence for Romano-British and Prehistoric Settlement. A trackway, pre-dating the Romano-Brirish activity ran north-south parallel to the Roman road, which may have replaced it. Two settlement enclosures were excavated, and a number of artefacts of Iron age and Romano-British date recovered. ESY525 Archaeological In April 1993 a geophysical survey followed by the excavation Y Evaluation of Land of a number of trial trenches was undertaken at Emily Drive. off Emley Drive No archaeological features were encountered, and the only find was very fragmentary unstratified pottery recovered from ploughsoil. ESY986 Survey of Roman Measured and photographic survey of archaeological and Y Y Ridge Cycle path modern features along path of cycle route route ESY1349 Excavations at York Excavation of a trackway identified during earlier evaluation Y Road, Doncaster exercises. The ditches of the trackway had been truncated by subsequent ploughing. Finds recovered were almost exclusively residual in nature. Paleaoenvironmental remains were also recovered from the ditch fills. ESY1407 Evaluation 7 trenches excavated along a section of the Roman Ridge Y Y trenching at Roman Roman Road between Sunnyfields and Red House. At the

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Ridge Roman Road, southern part of the investigated area limestone rubble Adwick le Street, possibly representing a former road surface was recorded. Doncaster Several of the trenches failed to find remains of the road due to disturbance caused by Brodsworth Colliery. The presumed line of the road may need to be re-evaluated in the southern portion, where a nearby and parallel bank may represent the true road route. ESY1473 Geophysical survey A geophysical survey was undertaken on the playing fields of Y at Don Valley Don Valley School. The possible remains of Scawthorpe Grange School, Scawthorpe were identified. No other anomalies likely to be of archaeological origin were identified.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4293 Former Scawthorpe, Broad Axe and High Agglomerated fields Y Y Fields, Adwick Le Street, Doncaster HSY4296 Land around Scawsby Village, Doncaster Agglomerated fields Y HSY4299 Land South east of Adwick le Street, Doncaster Agglomerated fields Y HSY4918 Green Lane (Scawsby Leys), Doncaster Villas/ Detached Housing Y HSY4925 Emley Drive Scawsby, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY4927 Don Valley High School, Scawthorpe, School Y Doncaster HSY4933 Scawthorpe Avenue, Doncaster Semi-Detached Housing Y HSY5143 Scawthorpe Cottages, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y

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Allocation Reference: 495 Area (Ha): 18.04 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5626 0652 Site Name: Rostholme, Bentley (Full Site) Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Local Historic landscape significance Uncertain Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - 1 SMR record/event - 1 record/1 event Cropmark/Lidar evidence Yes Yes Cartographic features of interest Yes Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 495 Area (Ha): 18.04 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5626 0652 Site Name: Rostholme, Bentley (Full Site) Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments or events within the site. One findspot and one event are recorded within the buffer: a Roman coin found on waste ground to the immediate northeast of the site (possibly within the site as the location information may not be detailed); and a watching brief extending into the southwest edge of the buffer, which did not record any archaeological features. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are located within the site. One grade II listed building is within the buffer, a milepost on Askern Road, to the north of the site. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded three areas of earthwork ridge and furrow within the site in the 1940s and 1960, two areas at the southern end of the site and one just to the south of the allotments at the northern end. Further ridge and furrow was recorded within the buffer to the south and southeast of the site. Within the western side of the buffer, fragmentary remains of linear ditches were recorded as cropmarks, probably part of Iron Age to Roman fields, trackways and a small enclosure. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the southwest two thirds of the site and most of the western and southern buffer as agglomerated fields, created through boundary loss in the 20th century and resulting in no visibility of the former strip field enclosures from medieval open field. The northeast part of the site is recorded as allotments, probably contemporary with the development of Bentley New Village in the early 20th century, also with no visibility of earlier strip fields. Within the buffer, Bentley New Village is located just to the northeast of the site, a model colliery village rapidly developed following the sinking of Bentley Colliery from 1905-7. The housing closest to the site is mainly terraced, in grid-pattern streets, with a more geometric 'garden village' street layout further to the northeast. Further character zones include Parliamentary Enclosure fields on the former Adwick Common in the northwest part of the buffer, private and social housing estates, semi-detached housing to the east, northwest and southwest, and a miner's welfare park to the southeast of the site. The larger southwest part of the site is currently fields in arable cultivation., with some surviving hedgerow boundaries. A footpath and dyke run along the northeast edge of this area, on a northwest to southeast alignment, and the part of the site to the northeast of this includes grassed areas and allotment gardens. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: Thomas Jefferys’ 1771 map of Yorkshire showed Mill Dyke running through the northeast part of the site on a northwest-southeast alignment. This feature appears to have been the goit for the 17th-century Bentley Mill to the southeast. The majority of the site was shown as fields on the 1854 and 1892 OS maps, with land drains forming several of the plot boundaries. The fields had slightly curving boundaries suggestive of piecemeal enclosure from medieval open field. A sluice was marked along the course of Mill Dike in 1892, at the intersection between a drainage ditch and the goit, and a footpath ran along the northeast side of the dike. The 1930 map showed that the northeast end of the site had become allotment gardens, with the current northeast site boundary established by the edge of housing plots. The western site boundary had also been established by this date, by the construction of the LNER railway line. Allotment gardens were also shown along the south-eastern edge of the site in 1955, though not on the 1959 map. By 1959, a triangular pond occupied the site of the 19th- century sluice along Mill Dike at its junction with a drainage ditch shown as the North Swaithe Dyke, but was not shown on the 1972 OS map. Within the buffer zone, the MSLR railway line had been constructed by 1854, when the track was crossed by Mill Dike Bridge. The surrounding area was mainly fields, with a small area of settlement at Rostall, in the eastern part of the buffer (shown as 'Wrostholme' in 1907). Bentley's historic core was located to the southeast, just outside the buffer. Bentley New Village was constructed to the northeast of the site by 1930, with most of the former buildings at 'Rostholme' removed, Yewtree Farm to the east of the site being the main survivor. The Miners’

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Welfare Park was laid out to the southeast of the site by 1930. The LNER railway was disused by 1976, though the embankment survives. Yewtree Farm was marked as a house in 1980. Further housing had been built in the northern part of the buffer by 1982 to the north of the site. Survival: Arable cultivation in the larger southwest part of the site is likely to have caused some truncation of underlying deposits, but the potential for the survival of unrecorded buried archaeology below the plough zone is considered to be moderate. Within the northeast part of the site, earthwork remains of ridge and furrow survive as earthwork features. This also indicates that the potential for preservation of any earlier buried deposits below the ridge and furrow is moderate to high. The allotments along the northeast side of the site may have caused some disturbance to sub-surface deposits through gardening activity, though the potential for survival of buried remains below this shallow disturbance is moderate. Iron Age to Roman trackways and field systems have been recorded as cropmarks to the west of the site, and a Roman coin was found in the vicinity, if not within the site itself. There is the potential for buried Roman remains within the site. Though the site is within an area characterised as having no legibility of the historic enclosure pattern, most of the boundaries within the southwest part of the site were shown on the 1854 map and retain some character of piecemeal enclosure from medieval open field. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations will be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Mill Dyke and the preserved ridge and furrow earthworks constitute heritage assets of Local archaeological significance. Remains of Iron Age to Roman dispersed settlement and agriculture could be of Local to Regional archaeological significance depending on their extent, nature and condition.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: The 2002-2015 aerial photographs show the larger southwest part of the site as three to four arable fields, with some surviving hedgerow boundaries. The North Swaithe Dyke is no longer shown within the site, having been infilled and levelled. Mill Dyke and the footpath along it are still extant within the site, dividing the arable fields from narrower grassed fields to the northeast, with allotments shown along the northeast edge of the site. To the north of the site, new housing had been built between 1992 and 2002, creating the current northern boundary of the site. To the southeast of the site, Yew Tree Farm had been demolished by 2002 and a new housing estate built on its site. Lidar data shows the current field boundaries, and also a slight hollow on the route of the North Swaithe Dyke through the southern part of the site, which appears from aerial photographs to have been infilled. Mill Dike is shown as a substantial ditch and bank running through the site. No ridge and furrow remains are shown in the southern part of the site, indicating that the earthworks recorded in the 1940s-60s have been levelled by ploughing. Within the grassed area to the immediate northeast of Mill Dyke, the remains of ridge and furrow earthworks are still visible, mainly aligned parallel to the dyke, but with three east-west aligned ridges at the northern end of the area recorded by the Magnesian Limestone mapping project. The allotment area is visible as slightly disturbed ground. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009 & 2015. Lidar data file SE5606 1m DTM. RAF/CPE/UK/1879 1103 06-Dec-1946; MAL/60427 81661 21-Jun-1960; MAL/60427 81671 21-Jun-1960; OS/92255 0136 20-Jul-1992; SE5507/5 NMR 12685/3 12-Jul-1995.

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Statutory Designations Reference Name Designation/ Site? Buffer? ID Grade 1191834 Milepost opposite northern junction with Rosendale Road II Y

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 01035/01 Roman Coin, Antonius of Quintillus found on waste ground, 1966. Y Bentley/Arksey ESY495 Watching Brief on In 1992 a watching brief was undertaken on land off Jossey Y Land off Jossey Lane. No archaeological features were revealed. Lane, Scawthorpe

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4299 Land South east of Adwick le Street, Doncaster Agglomerated fields Y Y HSY5004 Allotment Gardens, Bentley, Doncaster Allotments Y Y HSY4297 Former Adwick Common, Adwick le Street, Surveyed Enclosure Y Doncaster (Parliamentary/ Private) HSY4963 Depot, Bentley Crossing, Doncaster Other Industry Y HSY4965 Langthwaite Lane, Radcliffe Lane and Moat Private Housing Estate Y Crescent, Bentley, Doncaster HSY4967 Askern Road, Bentley New Village, Doncaster Terraced Housing Y HSY4973 Geometric Section, Bentley New Village, Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Doncaster HSY4995 Estate to the north west of Bentley, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5001 Braithwell Road, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5029 Park Road, Bentley, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5030 Westerngales Way, Bentley, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y HSY5037 Bentley Miners Welfare Park, Doncaster Public Park Y HSY5039 Askern Road, Bentley. Semi-Detached Housing Y HSY5040 Limbreck Court, Bentley, Doncaster. Private Housing Estate Y

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Allocation Reference: 501 Area (Ha): 0.53 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6936 1566 Site Name: Adjacent 46 Marshlands Rd, Thorne Moorends Settlement: Thorne Moorends

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - 1 record Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 501 Area (Ha): 0.53 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6936 1566 Site Name: Adjacent 46 Marshlands Rd, Thorne Moorends Settlement: Thorne Moorends

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any features within the site. One findspot is recorded within the buffer zone, a Bronze Age flint arrowhead. No listed buildings or Scheduled Monuments are recorded within the site or buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project records levelled ridge and furrow remains within the buffer zone. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as modern commercial core- suburban, probably associated with the construction of Moorends mining village in the first half of the 20th century. There is no legibility of the former parliamentary enclosure in this area. In the western part of the buffer, the landscape character comprises land enclosed from commons and drained in 1825, with changes to the layout between 1851 and 1891 in association with the construction of a new warping system. The legibility of previous landscape types in this area is fragmentary. The remainder of the landscape character within the buffer comprises 1930s and later 20th century housing development, with no legibility of previous character types. The site was in agricultural use in 1825 and remains undeveloped land at the present day, though surrounded by 20th-century development on all sides. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The site was shown as part of a field on the 1825 Thorne, Hatfield and Fishlake enclosure map. No change was shown within the site on the 1841 and 1854 Ordnance Survey maps, which showed the site as part of Bloom Hill. A track that led into the site from North Common Road by 1961 terminated at an unknown rectangular structure in the site’s central area. Neither of these features were shown on the 1971 OS map. No change had occurred within the site by 1991. Within the buffer zone, Marshland Road, North Common Road and North Common Drain were shown on the 1825 enclosure map, with Micklethwaite’s Farm and Grange Farm shown on the 1841 OS map. Bloom Hill Farm was shown to the south of the site in 1854, while the Doncaster to Hull branch of the North Eastern Railway had been built to the west by 1892. Buildings, including a public house and shops, had had been constructed along the site’s eastern boundary by 1956. Survival: Due to the lack of deep ground disturbance, the survival of any previously unrecorded heritage assets within in the site is considered to be moderate. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first-century aerial photographs show the site as rough grass or scrub, with housing having been built to the north and west of the site between 1991 and 2002, leaving the site as a small field surrounded by housing.

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There is no Lidar coverage for the site. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage 2002, 2008 & 2009.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 01886/01 Bronze Age Bronze age barbed and tanged arrowhead findspot. Y Arrowhead, Thorne Moorends

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4664 Moorends commercial core, Thorne Modern Commercial Core- Y Y Moorends, Doncaster Suburban HSY4417 Dikes Marsh and Moorends warped lands, Industrial to Modern Drained Y Thorne, Doncaster Wetland HSY4656 Moorends Village, Doncaster Modern Planned Estate (Social Y Housing) HSY4665 Darlington Grove, East Gate and Belvedere, Modern Planned Estate (Social Y Moorends, Doncaster Housing) HSY4666 Bloomhill Court, Moorends, Doncaster Modern Private Housing Estate Y

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Allocation Reference: 503 Area (Ha): 2.23 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6931 1587 Site Name: East View Farm, Marshland Rd, Moorends Settlement: Thorne Moorends

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - 1 SMR record/event - 1 record Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 503 Area (Ha): 2.23 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6931 1587 Site Name: East View Farm, Marshland Rd, Moorends Settlement: Thorne Moorends

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments or findspots within the site. One findspot of a Bronze Age flint arrowhead is recorded within the southern part of the buffer zone. No listed buildings are recorded within the site. One grade II listed building, Micklethwaite Farmhouse, is recorded at the northeast edge of the buffer zone, but is screened from the site by existing housing. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project records post- medieval ridge and furrow in the northwest part of the buffer zone. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as Drained Wetland and Planned Estate (Social Housing). The landscape character within the majority of the site is defined as land enclosed and drained as part of the Parliamentary Enclosure Award of 1825, with changes to boundaries and drainage between 1851 and 1891 in association with the construction of a new warping system. There is fragmentary visibility of previous landscape types in this area. The house at the eastern side of the site is part of a model village built in the 1920s to house workers from the nearby colliery. Within the buffer, additional landscape character types include part of the Thorne Cables enclosed and drained land, also enclosed in 1825, with many of the narrow fields having been agglomerated in the late 20th century in association with the intensification of arable production. This has led to only partial legibility of the Parliamentary Enclosure fields. The remainder of the landscape character within the buffer comprises 20th-century housing development, with no legibility of previous character types. The site has been in agricultural use since at least 1841 and mainly remains undeveloped land at the present day, with a house built at the eastern side of the site by 1932 as part of the Moorends colliery village. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The site was shown as part of a field on the 1825 Thorne, Hatfield and Fishlake enclosure map. No changes were depicted on the 1841 and 1854 Ordnance Survey maps. The construction of the Doncaster to Hull branch of the North Eastern Railway had created the site’s western boundary prior to 1892. A square pond and areas of marsh or waterlogged ground were shown in the western part of the site at that date. No.2 Marshland Road had been constructed in the eastern part of the site by 1932, when a number of outbuildings were shown in the field to the west. These had been cleared by 1962, when further outbuildings and a barn were shown to the west of the house. Within the buffer zone, Marshland Road, North Common Road, Marsh Drain, North Common Drain were shown on the 1825 enclosure map, with Micklethwaite’s Farm and Grange Farm shown on the 1841 OS map. Buildings were shown to the south of the site in 1854, while the Doncaster to Hull branch of the North Eastern Railway had been built along the western site boundary by 1892. A public house and a depot were shown within the buffer zone in 1906, while houses had been built to the east of the site by 1932 and to the south by 1948. Further houses were constructed in the latter area during the 1980s. Survival: A pond was shown within the western part of the site in 1892 and a house was constructed at the eastern side by 1932. Both of these factors are likely to have caused some truncation of sub-surface deposits. Within the remainder of the site, the potential for the survival of unrecorded buried archaeology is considered to be moderate. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations may be required if the site is brought forward for development.

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Significance: Unknown.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first-century aerial photographs show no.2 Marshland Road and its outbuildings, with the remainder of the site as rough grassland. There is no Lidar coverage for the site. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage, 2002, 2008 & 2009.

Statutory Designations Reference Name Designation/ Site? Buffer? ID Grade 1193126 Micklethwaite Farmouse II Y

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 01886/01 Bronze Age Bronze age barbed and tanged arrowhead from findspot. Y Arrowhead, Thorne Moorends

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4417 Dikes Marsh and Moorends warped lands, Drained Wetland Y Y Thorne, Doncaster HSY4656 Moorends Village, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Y HSY4395 Thorne Cables (Agglomerated section), Drained Wetland Y Thorne, Doncaster HSY4658 Moss Terrace, Thorne Moorends, Doncaster Terraced Housing Y HSY4664 Moorends commercial core, Thorne Commercial Core-Suburban Y Moorends, Doncaster HSY4665 Darlington Grove, East Gate and Belvedere, Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Moorends, Doncaster HSY4666 Bloomhill Court, Moorends, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y

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Allocation Reference: 505 Area (Ha): 5.25 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6906 1225 Site Name: South End Marina and adj. land, Thorne Settlement: Thorne Moorends

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - - Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Partial n/a

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Allocation Reference: 505 Area (Ha): 5.25 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6906 1225 Site Name: South End Marina and adj. Land, Thorne Settlement: Thorne Moorends

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments, findspots or events within the site or buffer zone. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are recorded within the site or the buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded post- medieval ridge and furrow within the buffer zone, much of it in areas since built over. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as drained wetland to the west, and South End Marina to the east. The site had been enclosed and was in agricultural use by 1639. The landscape area which includes the site is an area which appears to relate closely to the landscape depicted on the 1639 Arlebot map of the 'Level of Hatfield Chase', which shows this area following the drainage works of Vermuyden. There is no legibility of the earlier hunting park. Character zones within the buffer comprises a variety of modern housing with no legibility of the earlier surveyed enclosure of open fields. To the immediate northeast of the site is the South End characterisation area, which is located to the south of the main historic core area of Thorne. The majority of plots within this area are probably of post-medieval origin and the area was urbanised and enclosed in advance of the 1825 enclosure. The area is likely to contain significant elements of historic form and character dating to the early 19th century or earlier despite a certain amount of 20th-century infilling. The site includes a canal boat marina and car park at the eastern side and small fields in rough grass coverage to the west. It is located immediately to the south of the South Yorkshire Railway line, which opened in 1859. The site is bounded to the south and west by the Stainforth and Keadby Canal, which was opened in 1802, and to the east by South End road. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1853 OS map shows the site as an arrangement of enclosed fields, bounded by the main railway line to the north and the canal to the south. Wike End Road denotes the eastern site boundary, which is later re-named to South End. By 1892, the site appears to have been separated into more fields, with the addition of Boating Dike, which runs northwest to southeast, centrally through the site. This dike may be present on the 1854 map, although it is unclear. By 1892 mooring posts are present at the southern end of the site, by the canal, and a building had also been constructed on the south of the site, with a track connecting it to Wike End Road. By 1974, this building is labelled The Orchards. In 1932, a hachured area appears at the northern end of the site, by the railway track, indicating an excavated area, although it is not clear exactly what this relates to. By 1962, Wike End Road had been renamed South End. By 1984, the marina had been constructed in the southern area of the site, in the place of the building that had been named The Orchards. By 1989, a building had been constructed to the north of the marine, off South End. There are no other buildings on the site, but 21st-century Google Earth images show that the area to the north of the marina is used as a boat storage area. A pond has been constructed in the north-western corner of the site by 1984, although this since appears to have been infilled. Within the buffer, a single railway track was present, just outside of the site boundary in 1853. This is labelled as the South Yorkshire Railway line and terminated at a weighing machine. By 1932, a crane was present next to the main railway line. These features remained extant in 1962 but had gone by 1976. The area to the north of the site was becoming well-developed by 1892, with a number of new structures off Ellison Street, which gradually continued and was heavily populated with houses by 1974. The area to the west of the site was also developed with modern housing by 1984. By 1984, a water tower was present immediately to the north of the site, with a builder’s yard next to it by 1989.

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Survival: Although the construction of South End Marina is likely to have caused substantial disturbance to sub-surface deposits in the eastern part of the site, the remaining area, forming the majority of the site, is relatively undisturbed. As such, the potential for unrecorded buried archaeology to survive outside the footprint of the marina is considered to be moderate. These areas may have had some disturbance caused by railway and canal infrastructure. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation may be required if this site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first century aerial photographs show the site as an area of rough grassland or scrub to the west, with South End Marina and modern housing to the east. There is no Lidar coverage for this area. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage, 2002, 2008 & 2009. RAF/541/31 3425 18-May-1948.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4440 Hatfield Chase - High and Low Levels, Drained Wetland Y Y Doncaster HSY5634 Marina, South End, Thorne, Doncaster Canal or River Wharf Y Y HSY4676 Ash Tree, Elm Tree and Chestnut Avenues, Semi-Detached Housing Y Thorne, Doncaster HSY4677 South Common Estate, Thorne, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY4678 Thorne South Field Estate, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY4683 Housing west of Hatfield Road, Thorne, Private Housing Estate Y Doncaster HSY5619 Southfield Road, Thorne, Doncaster Villas/ Detached Housing Y HSY5633 South End, Thorne, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y HSY5636 South End, Thorne, Doncaster Vernacular Cottages Y HSY5637 West Street / Park Crescent infill, Thorne, Private Housing Estate Y Doncaster

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Allocation Reference: 508 Area (Ha): 0.72 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6940 1606 Site Name: Land off Marshlands Rd/The Avenue Settlement: Thorne Moorends

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Uncertain Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - 1 SMR record/event - - Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 508 Area (Ha): 0.72 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6940 1606 Site Name: Land off Marshlands Rd/The Avenue Settlement: Thorne Moorends

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments, findspots or events within the site or the buffer zone. There are no listed buildings within the site. One grade II listed building, Micklethwaite Farmhouse, is recorded in the buffer zone. The proximity of this structure to the site suggests that development could impact on the setting of the building. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project records post- medieval ridge and furrow remains in the western part of the buffer zone. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as Drained Wetland, enclosed and drained as part of the Parliamentary Enclosure Award of 1825, with changes to boundaries and drainage between 1851 and 1891 in association with the construction of a new warping system. There is fragmentary visibility of previous landscape types in this area. Within the buffer, additional landscape character types include part of the Thorne Cables, also enclosed and drained as part of the parliamentary enclosure award, with many of the narrow fields having been agglomerated in the late 20th century in association with the intensification of arable production. The remainder of the landscape character within the buffer comprises 20th-century housing development, with no legibility of previous character types. This includes part of Moorends model village built in the 1920s to house workers from the nearby colliery and a private housing estate. The site has been in agricultural use since at least 1841 and the majority remains undeveloped to the present day, though stables or sheds have been constructed at the eastern side, possibly associated with Micklethwaite Farm. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The site was shown as part of a field on the 1841 Ordnance Survey map. The site may have formed part of a large paddock by 1854, as it stood between Micklethwaite Farm and a series of farm buildings to the north. No change was shown within the site after the construction of the Doncaster to Hull branch of the North Eastern Railway, which formed the northern boundary on the 1892 OS map. The southern site boundary had been formed by 1932, with the construction of houses along The Avenue. Within the buffer zone, Marshland Road, Chadwick Dike and Micklethwaite’s Farm were shown on the 1841 OS map. The access road to the farm followed the alignment of the present-day The Avenue. Grange Farm and a series of narrow linear fields marked as ‘Ickles Moor’ were shown on the 1854 OS map. The Doncaster to Hull branch of the North Eastern Railway crossed the buffer zone by 1892 and two houses had been built to the north of the site by 1906. The Avenue, a depot and several housing developments had been constructed within the buffer zone by 1932. Allotments were shown on the north side of the railway line during the 1970s. Survival: Due to the lack of deep ground disturbance, the potential for the survival of any previously unrecorded buried archaeology is considered to be moderate. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation is likely to be required if the site is brought forward for development. This should include a consideration of the setting of the grade II listed Micklethwaite Farmhouse. Significance: Unknown.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first-century aerial photographs show the majority of the site as rough grassland, with the exception of the eastern area, which contained a paddock and stables. There is no Lidar coverage of the site. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage, 2002, 2008 & 2009.

Statutory Designations Reference Name Designation/ Site? Buffer? ID Grade 1193126 Micklethwaite Farmhouse II Y

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4417 Dikes Marsh and Moorends warped lands, Industrial to Modern Drained Y Y Thorne, Doncaster Wetland HSY4395 Thorne Cables (Agglomerated section), Modern Drained Wetland Y Thorne, Doncaster HSY4656 Moorends Village, Doncaster Modern Planned Estate (Social Y Housing) HSY4658 Moss Terrace, Thorne Moorends, Doncaster Modern Terraced Housing Y HSY4666 Bloomhill Court, Moorends, Doncaster Modern Private Housing Estate Y

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Allocation Reference: 510 Area (Ha): 0.89 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6917 1239 Site Name: Adjacent Thorne South Station, off South End Rd Settlement: Thorne Moorends

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Negligible Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation No archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - - Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest Yes Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Extensive n/a

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Allocation Reference: 510 Area (Ha): 0.89 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6917 1239 Site Name: Adjacent Thorne South Station, off South End Rd Settlement: Thorne Moorends

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments, findspots or event within the site or buffer zone. There are no Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings within the site or the buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded post- medieval ridge and furrow within the buffer zone, some in areas that have since been built over. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as part of areas of Modern Planned Estate (Social Housing) and Industrial to Modern Vernacular Cottages, with no legibility of former landscape types. Other character zones within the buffer include drained wetland enclosed from Hatfield Chase from the post-medieval period onwards, the canal, and modern private and social housing estates. The site is currently an area of rough scrub vegetation to the north of the South Yorkshire Railway line, which opened in 1859. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: Josias Arelbout’s 1639 map of Hatfield Chase showed the site within a series of enclosed fields. No features were shown within the site at that date. Thomas Jefferys’ 1771 map of Yorkshire marked a small area of development in the vicinity of the site, but later mapping suggests this was part of the ribbon development along South End Road, to the northwest of the site. The 1853 OS map depicted Thorne Station on the South Yorkshire Railway line within the southern edge of the site, with Love Lane running on an east-west alignment through the centre of the site, and a narrow enclosure at the northern edge. The 1892 map showed hachures along the northern edge of this enclosure indicating lower ground, possibly excavated to provide material for the railway embankment. The station was still shown at this date, with Love Lane forming a slightly embanked lane terminating at the eastern end of the site, and continuing to the east as a footpath only. By 1976, no station structures were shown within the south edge of the site. There were no further major changes shown by 1989. Within the buffer zone, a track immediately to the south of the site was shown on the 1771 Jefferys map, while the Stainforth and Keadby Canal was opened in 1802. Miller Lane led to Oldfield’s Mill, a corn mill to the north of the site, in 1854 but the mill itself was no longer shown by 1892. A public house stood on the site of the present- day Victoria by 1854, while the Thorne to Keadby extension of the South Yorkshire Railway ran along the southern edge of the site. An orchard was shown to the north-west of the site between 1892 and 1948 but had gone by 1956. Housing had been constructed to the north-east by 1962 and to the north by 1976. By 1989, the Thorne South Station platforms had been moved to the east of the site. Survival: Historic mapping suggests that the ground within the site is likely to have suffered extensive ground disturbance associated with the construction of the station and railway embankment. The potential for the survival of unrecorded buried archaeological remains is considered to be low. Further investigations: No further archaeological investigation is likely to be required if this site is brought forward for development. Significance: Negligible.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first century aerial photographs show the site as an area of rough grassland or scrub. There is no Lidar coverage for this area. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage, 2002, 2008 & 2009. RAF/541/31 3425 18-May-1948/ RAF/541/31 3425 18-May-1948.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4678 Thorne South Field Estate, Doncaster Modern Planned Estate (Social Y Y Housing). HSY5636 South End, Thorne, Doncaster Industrial to Modern Vernacular Y Y Cottages. HSY4440 Hatfield Chase - High and Low Levels, Post-medieval to Modern Drained Y Doncaster Wetland. HSY4676 Ash Tree, Elm Tree and Chestnut Avenues, Modern Semi-Detached Housing. Y Thorne, Doncaster HSY4677 South Common Estate, Thorne, Doncaster Modern Planned Estate (Social Y Housing). HSY5619 Southfield Road, Thorne, Doncaster Modern Villas/ Detached Housing. Y HSY5633 South End, Thorne, Doncaster Modern Private Housing Estate. Y HSY5634 Marina, South End, Thorne, Doncaster Modern Canal or River Wharf. Y HSY5637 West Street / Park Crescent infill, Thorne, Modern Private Housing Estate. Y Doncaster

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Allocation Reference: 512 Area (Ha): 13.26 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5352 0917 Site Name: Red House Lane (b) North East, Adwick Settlement: Adwick le Street/Woodlands

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Regional Historic landscape significance Uncertain Suitability of site for allocation Major archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event 3 records 2 records/1 event Cropmark/Lidar evidence Yes Yes Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 512 Area (Ha): 13.26 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5352 0917 Site Name: Red House Lane (b) North East, Adwick Settlement: Adwick le Street/Woodlands

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records three monuments within the site: all associated with cropmarks showing a prehistoric ring ditch (possibly a barrow of late Neolithic to Bronze Age date) and a trackway, field system and possible settlement enclosure of probable Iron Age to Roman date. The area of possible settlement and field system continues into the buffer zone, where a further ring ditch is also recorded. One event within the buffer comprised a geophysical survey at Redhouse Park, which identified a probable boundary ditch. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are recorded within the site or the buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded Iron Age- Roman ditches, trackways and enclosures, ring ditches of possibly earlier prehistoric date and levelled ridge and furrow within both the site and the buffer zone. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as Strip Fields and Commons and Greens. These comprise enclosed strips within a likely former common field, which are set at right angles to Red House Lane. There has been major boundary loss and the remaining pattern gives the impression of surveyed enclosure. Character zones within the buffer are defined as Piecemeal Enclosure, Commons and Greens, Cemetery, Surveyed Enclosure (Parliamentary/Private), Warehousing, Private Housing Estate, Planned Estate (Social Housing), Villas/ Detached Housing and Water Powered Site. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The site was shown as fields on the 1851 OS map. Several of the field boundaries had been removed by 1955, with others shown as drains on the 1961 OS map. No further changes were shown within the site on OS maps produced up to 1982. Various features were marked within the buffer zone on the 1851 OS map including fields, Mill Dyke, Skellow Ings, the Great Northern and Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway line, Adwick Junction, Ea Dyke and Old Ea Bridge. A cemetery was shown within the buffer on the 1955 OS map, with part of the Bullcroft Colliery spoilheap and substantial embankments along the new course of the Ea Beck by 1961. Housing had been built in the southern part of the buffer zone by 1982. Survival: The site has been fields since at least the early 19th century. Given the lack of deep ground disturbance and the presence of known cropmark features within the site, the potential for the survival of buried archaeological remains is considered to be high. Further investigations: Given the evidence for extensive buried archaeological remains on this site, further consideration of the impact on these would be required to establish whether there was capacity for housing on this site. Significance: The presence of a prehistoric ring ditch and a possible Iron Age to Roman settlement enclosure and field systems among the cropmark features suggests that well-preserved buried remains within the site could be considered to be of Regional archaeological significance. The slight ridge and furrow could be considered to be of Local significance.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first-century aerial photographs show the site as arable fields. Lidar data shows a linear earthwork running across the northern part of the site on a northwest to southeast alignment. For part of its route, this is visible as a hollow running parallel with one of the cropmark ditches. The feature is also visible as a soil mark on recent aerial photography, and it is possible that it is a culverted drainage feature or pipeline, but an earlier origin cannot be ruled out on the basis of available evidence. Within the western field, very faint sinuous ridges correspond with the ridge and furrow remains recorded on the cropmark evidence. Photograph references: Google Earth: 2002, 2003, 2008 & 2009. Bing Maps: 2015. Lidar data file SE5309.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 00060/01 Prehistoric tor A large circular ditch, possibly a barrow ditch? In the same Y Romano-British area is a probable trackway with a field system attached to the Circular Ditch, Field track. System and Trackway, Adwick Le Street 02691/01 Iron Age or Apparently coherent remains of a dispersed settlement and Y Y Romano-British associated agricultural features, to the east of the 'Roman trackways, Ridge' Roman road. enclosures and field system, Adwick-le-Street 05641 Probable later Aerial photography identified a ring ditch of approximate Y prehistoric ring diameter 27m. A similar [PIN05642] feature lies c300m to the ditch, Adwick-le- northeast. Street, Doncaster 05642 Probable later Aerial photography identified a ring ditch of approximate Y prehistoric ring diameter 37m. A similar feature [PIN 5641] lies c300m to the ditch, Adwick-le- southwest. Street, Doncaster ESY339 Geophysical Survey In March 1999 a geophysical survey was undertaken at Y at Redhouse Park Redhouses Park. The results located one anomaly indicative of an archaeological ditch.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY244 Size Ing and Skellow Ing Commons and greens Y Y HSY245 Fields north of Red House Lane Adwick Le Strip Fields Y Y Street HSY117 Former Bullcroft Colliery site Piecemeal Enclosure Y HSY246 Red House Lane Cemetery, Adwick le Street Cemetery Y HSY253 Ings, Carcroft Surveyed Enclosure Y (Parliamentary/ Private) HSY4154 Redhouse Interchange, Brodsworth, Doncaster Warehousing Y HSY4910 Lutterworth Drive, Adwick Le Street, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y

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HSY4911 Bosworth Road and Whinfell Close, Adwick le Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Street, Doncaster HSY4912 Kingfisher Road, Adwick le Street, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y Y HSY4914 Village Street (north end0, Adwick le Street, Villas/ Detached Housing Y Doncaster HSY4916 Adwick Mill, Adwick le Street, Doncaster Water Powered Site Y

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Allocation Reference: 513 Area (Ha): 27.70 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5313 0892 Site Name: Redhouse Lane (c) South, Adwick Settlement: Adwick le Street/Woodlands

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Regional Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Major archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event 3 records/2 events 2 records/11 events Cropmark/Lidar evidence Yes Yes Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 513 Area (Ha): 27.70 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5313 0892 Site Name: Redhouse Lane (c) South, Adwick Settlement: Adwick le Street/Woodlands

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records two monuments and one event within the site. One of the monuments comprises extensive cropmarks associated with prehistoric to Roman activity, including a possible Bronze Age barrow and Iron Age to Roman field system and enclosures. The other monument and the event relate to a late 9th-century AD female inhumation discovered in the southern part of the site in 2001. This was a typical Scandinavian-type burial of the period. A Romano-British cemetery has been recorded within the buffer zone, approximately 0.07km from the southern site boundary, suggesting the possible Viking burial may have formed part of a more widely dispersed group of burials associated with post-Roman occupation in the area. An early medieval inhumation cemetery was also discovered immediately to the southeast of the buffer zone, approximately 0.35km from the southern site boundary. The cropmark features extend into the buffer, including a further possible barrow site. Eleven events have been recorded within the buffer, most to the west of the site where evaluation and mitigation excavations and watching briefs have been undertaken on Iron Age to Roman settlement and field system remains adjacent to the Roman Ridge road, probably a major route linking York and Lincoln. There are no Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings within the site or the buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded extensive field systems, double-ditched trackways and two ring ditches within the site and the buffer zone. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as part of an area of Modern Warehousing, although it is actually a field. Further character zones within the buffer comprise an area of strip fields probably enclosed from medieval open field; modern housing estates and a cemetery, as well as modern motorway and trunk road junctions. The site is currently a large triangular field in arable use, with the northern boundary formed by Red House Lane and the southern boundary by the Great North Road. The eastern boundary is formed by modern housing estates. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: No features were shown within the site on Thomas Jefferys’ 1771 map of Yorkshire or the 1841 Ordnance Survey map. The 1851 OS map showed the site as a series of narrow fields with regular boundaries suggestive of surveyed enclosure, possibly from a former open field. Its present-day southeast edge perimeter follows the alignment of two of the mid-19th-century field boundaries. While no further change had occurred within the site by 1955, the field boundaries had been removed by 1966. Within the buffer zone, the Great North Road and Red House Lane were shown to the south and north of the site (respectively) on the 1841 OS map. A small limestone quarry was shown to the west of the Great North Road in 1854 but was disused by 1892. Houses had been constructed in the western part of the buffer zone by 1948, with further developments to the southwest by 1955. A cemetery had been established on the north side of Red House Lane by that date, while a public house was shown to the south of the site in 1961. Extensive housing development took place to the south and southeast of the site between 1971 and 1990. Survival: The site has been in arable cultivation during the 20th century and probably earlier, which may have affected the preservation of sub-surface remains through truncation. The extent of cropmark features across the site and the presence of a Viking burial found in excavations along the southwest side of the site suggest that the potential for the survival of buried features below the zone affected by ploughing is high.

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Further investigations: Given the evidence for extensive buried archaeological remains on this site, further consideration of the impact on these would be required to establish whether there was capacity for housing on this site. Significance: Features associated with the possible prehistoric burial mound and Iron Age to Roman dispersed settlement and field systems could be considered to be of Regional significance, depending on their extent, nature and condition. Any further burials associated with the Viking inhumation found in the southern part of the site, or the Romano- British burials further to the south are also likely to be considered to be of at least Regional significance.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: The 2002-2015 aerial photography shows the site as a single large field under arable cultivation. None of the photographs were taken at a suitable stage of cultivation for cropmarks to be visible. Lidar data shows slight, even parallel ridges running northeast to southwest across the site. The regularity of these features within the site suggests they relate to modern ploughing rather than ridge and furrow cultivation remains, as no evidence for former field boundaries or different plot alignments is visible. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009 & 2015. Lidar data files SE5208, SE5209, SE5308 & SE5309. RAF/543/9F22 0082 19-Jun-1957; SE5309/6 JAP 1382/1 30-Jul-1971; ULM BTX 057 05-Jul-1975; SE5308/9 DNR 1564/21 02-Aug-1979; OS/90184 0045 18-Jul-1990.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 00656/01 Romano-British Romano-British Inhumation Cemetery and possible Y Inhumation settlement. Cemetery and Possible Settlement, Adwick-le-Street 02691/01 Iron Age or Two double-ditched trackways, aligned east-west and north- Y Y Romano-British south, and associated field boundaries, visible as cropmarks. Unclassified They are clearly associated with the trackways visible to the Cropmark, Adwick- north of Red House Lane. Visible as cropmarks and plotted by le-Street the Magnesian Limestone AP mapping project. 4754 Viking Burial of a Viking age female burial identified during a sewer pipe Y Woman, Adwick Le watching brief. Street 05641 Probable later Aerial photography identified a ring ditch of approximate Y prehistoric ring diameter 27m. A similar [PIN05642] feature lies c300m to the ditch, Adwick-le- northeast. Street, Doncaster ESY337 Adwick Le Street In September and October 1996 an archaeological evaluation Y was undertaken. The treches were positioned above features previous identified from a geophysical survey. A number of enclosures were located and investigated. ESY338 Red House Park In January 2001 a geophysical survey was undertaken at Red Y House Park. The results identified a number of anomalies thought to be caused by infilled ditches forming part of an enclosure with associated dtiches/trackway.

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ESY339 Redhouse Park March 1999 a geophysical survey was undertaken at Y Redhouses Park. The results located one anomaly indicative of an archaeological ditch. ESY340 Adwick Le Street In 1995 a geophysical survey was undertaken at Adwick Le Y Street. The survey located a number of features previously identified on aerial photographs including field systems, an enclosure and double-ditched 'droveway'. ESY341 Redhouse Farm In May and September 2000 a late Iron Age enclosure and Y length of Roman road was excavated. The occupation of the Iron Age enclosure spanned the Roman conquest. ESY342 Adwick Le Street In June and September 2000 a geophysical survey was Y undertaken at Adwick Le Street. The results complement previous investigations and show an extensive area of linear boundaries with possible rectilinear enclosures. ESY497 Murco Service In January 2001 a watching brief was conducted at the Murco Y Station, Service Station off Lutterworth Drive. Although Roman pottery Lutterworth Drive and human remains were recovered during archaeological investigation before the construction of the surrounding housing estate, no significant archaeological features or remains were located. ESY1143 Spine Road, Adwick A watching brief was undertaken on soil stripping for spine Le Street road & soil stripping at Redhouse, Adwick le Street. Part of a field system and possible trackway, thought to be of Romano- British date, were identified as was part of a possible enclosure with a small number of pits containing pottery of 2nd-4th century AD date. ESY1146 Excavation within Excavation of four enclosures identified by earlier geophysical Areas 2, 8, 12 & 17, survey (ESY 340 & ESY342); in use from the late Iron Age until Redhouse, Adwick- sometime in the 2nd-4th centuries AD. le-Street ESY1419 Watching brief at Watching brief during groundworks for the construction of a Y 29 Northlands, new house and garage. No archaeological remains were Lutterworth Drive, encountered. Doncaster ESY1455 Watching brief at A watching brief was carried out between two known Iron Age Y Red House, Adwick- / Romano-British enclosures at Red House, Adwick-le-Street. A le-Street, single ditch was identified running roughly North-South. Doncaster Although no dating evidence was recovered, the ditch respects elements of the enclosure to the north so likely forms part of the same field system. ESY1459 Excavations at Red Excavations in early 2001 were undertaken in association with Y Y House Park, the construction of a sewer main. A Romano-British or Iron Adwick-le-Street Age field system, enclosure and trackway previously identified by geophysical survey were investigated. Cutting through a ditch defining the trackway, an inhumation of 9th-10th century date was recorded. This was of a woman of age 33-45, of likely Scandinavian origin. Grave goods included brooches and a copper alloy bowl.

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SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4154 Redhouse Interchange, Brodsworth, Doncaster Warehousing Y Y HSY226 Red House Interchange Motorway and Trunk Road Y Junctions HSY245 Fields north of Red House Lane Adwick Le Strip Fields Y Street HSY246 Red House Lane Cemetery, Adwick le Street Cemetery Y HSY4905 Woodlands (north), Adwick upon Street, Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Doncaster HSY4910 Lutterworth Drive, Adwick Le Street, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y HSY4911 Bosworth Road and Whinfell Close, Adwick le Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Street, Doncaster HSY4912 Kingfisher Road, Adwick le Street, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y

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Allocation Reference: 517 Area (Ha): 44.05 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SK 6542 9716 Site Name: Safeguarded Cargo Area, Robin Hood Airport Settlement: Finningley

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Regional Historic landscape significance Uncertain Suitability of site for allocation Major archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event 1 4 Cropmark/Lidar evidence Yes Yes Cartographic features of interest Yes Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Partial n/a

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Allocation Reference: 517 Area (Ha): 44.05 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SK 6542 9716 Site Name: Safeguarded Cargo Area, Robin Hood Airport Settlement: Finningley

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records one monument within the site, unclassified cropmarks of possible Iron Age to Roman date. Four monuments are recorded within the buffer zone; an area of extensive cropmark enclosures and field boundaries of probable Iron Age to Roman date, to the immediate west of the site, and further unclassified cropmarks to the north and south of the site. The other monument is the possible site of a Roman camp or a medieval moated site, now lost to quarrying. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are recorded within the site or the buffer zone. Previous desk-based assessment has recorded extensive cropmarks within the site and the buffer zone, forming a coherent landscape of brickwork-pattern fields, trackways and enclosures, some of which may be associated with settlement. These are considered to be of regional significance. Historic Environment Characterisation has recorded the present character of the site as Piecemeal Enclosure and Agglomerated Fields. At the southern end of the site, the agglomerated fields were created through the loss of field boundaries in the 20th century, with only fragmentary legibility of the former Parliamentary Enclosure landscape created in 1767. At the northern end of the site, is an area of fields which formed part of the estate of Finningley Park Hall, though this character has been lost following gravel extraction and reinstatement. The majority of the buffer zone currently comprises agglomerated fields and part of Robin Hood Airport. The northern part of the site had been emparked as part of the estate of Finningley Grange or Hall during the medieval period and has lost much of this character in the 20th century. The site is currently predominantly fields, used as arable land. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: Thomas Jefferys’ 1771 map of Yorkshire depicted the northern part of the site within Finningley Park, the estate of the medieval Finningley Grange or Hall. Jefferys depicted the southern part of the site as open land in 1771. The northern part of the site stood within the ‘Pale Park’ on the 1841 Ordnance Survey map. This is likely to have been the area within the ‘pale’ or boundary that had demarcated the park’s medieval perimeter. The grange or hall, an observatory and an ice house were marked in this part of the site in 1841, while the southern part of the site contained a substantial track leading from the Park to Common Lane, along with field boundaries along the site’s present-day southeast perimeter. A drain named ‘Rake Dale’ demarcated the fields from the Park in 1854. Part of the site of a ‘camp’ extended into the northwest part of the site. This feature was identified as a ‘Roman Camp’ on the 1892 OS map. A disused gravel pit was marked in the woods to the south of the hall by that date, while Spink Hall had been constructed in the fields to the south of the Park. While little change had occurred within the site by 1956, Finningley Hall had been demolished by 1962. The trees within the Park had been removed by that date, while large disused sand and gravel pits occupied the site of the Roman camp. A single building stood on a sub-circular embankment in the east of the site in 1962, of unknown function but possibly associated with the airbase. Spink Hall continued to be shown in the southern part of the site in 1968 but had been demolished by 1985. Within the buffer zone, Common Lane was shown to the south of the site on Jefferys’ 1771 map, with Partridge Hill Farm, High Common Plantation and Park Farm shown in 1841. Little change had taken place within the buffer zone by 1948, although sand and gravel extraction had taken place in the eastern part of the buffer area by 1956. Large-scale sand and gravel extraction had taken place by 1961, while RAF Finningley had also extended into the eastern part of the buffer zone by that date. Robin Hood Airport had been constructed by 2005. Survival: Due to the lack of deep ground disturbance in the majority of the site, the potential for the survival of buried archaeological remains associated with the complex of Iron Age to Romano-British fields and settlement recorded as cropmarks within the site is considered to be high. The likely survival of sub-surface foundations and possible

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basement levels associated with Finningley Hall is also considered to be high. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation will be required if the site is allocated for development. Significance: The recorded Iron Age to Romano-British cropmarks within the site are part of a wider landscape of such features, and are considered to be of regional significance. Remains associated with Finningley Hall could be considered to be of local significance.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first century aerial photographs show the majority of the site in arable use, with small areas of wood and grass at the north. No obvious cropmark features are visible, other than some dark patches which appear to be of geological origin. Lidar data shows possible geological undulations in the southern part of the site, as well as slight field boundaries and a drainage ditch, shown on historic mapping. A slight earthwork is shown in the area of a former structure shown on a mound in 1962 in the central part of the site. Photograph references: Google Earth Coverage 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009 & 2012. Lidar data files SK6596, SK6597.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 00465/01 Possible moated A possible moated site, thought to have been destroyed by Y site, near sand and gravel extraction in the 19th century. The site may Finningley actually be that of a Roman military site/camp - See PIN 00465/02 00465/02 Possible Roman Site of a possible Roman camp, it has been suggested that the Y enclosure and Road site could instead have been a medieval moat (see PIN near Finningley 00465/01). 01794/01 Iron Age to Traces of field boundaries, with a possible settlement site Y Romano-British (sub-rectangular enclosure) at SK (02) 643 976. Lying between Field Boundaries Mount Pleasant Hotel and Hammond's Elders, and continuing and Possible eastwards as far as Finningley runways. Some Roman material Settlement, found. Iron Age or Romano-British cropmark complex shown Austerfield on aerial photographs 02481/01 Iron Age or Iron Age or Romano-British cropmark complex shown on aerial Y Romano-British photographs Unclassified Cropmarks, Austerfield 02482/01 Iron Age or Iron Age or Romano-British unclassified cropmarks shown on Y Romano-British aerial photographs. Unclassified Cropmarks, Austerfield 02483/01 Iron Age or Iron Age or Romano-British unclassified cropmarks shown on Y Romano-British aerial photographs. Unclassified Cropmarks, Austerfield

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SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4492 Finningley Park hall (site of), Austerfield, Modern Piecemeal Enclosure Y Y Doncaster HSY4477 High Common Lane, Austerfield, Doncaster Modern Agglomerated fields Y Y HSY4597 Finningley Hall Park, Austerfield, Doncaster Modern Piecemeal Enclosure Y Y HSY4644 Doncaster Sheffield Airport, Finningley, Modern Airport Y Doncaster HSY4480 High Common Lane (south), Austerfield, Industrial to Modern Surveyed Y Doncaster Enclosure (Parliamentary/ Private) HSY4489 Finningley Big Wood, Finningley, Doncaster Modern Ancient Woodland Y HSY4643 Old Park, Finningley, Doncaster Modern Airport Y

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Allocation Reference: 518 Area (Ha): 31.25 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SK 6626 9677 Site Name: MRO Area, Robin Hood Airport Settlement: Finningley

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - 1 record Cropmark/Lidar evidence No No Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 518 Area (Ha): 31.25 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SK 6626 9677 Site Name: MRO Area, Robin Hood Airport Settlement: Finningley

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments or events within the site. One monument is recorded within the buffer zone, the approximate location of Brancroft Airfield. There are no Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings within the site or the buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project does not record any features within the site or the buffer zone. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as agglomerated fields, created through boundary loss in the 20th century with only fragmentary legibility of the former Parliamentary Enclosure fields created in 1767. The landscape character within the buffer comprises a mixture of further agglomerated fields, plantations, surveyed enclosures, mineral extraction and processing and parts of the Robin Hood Airport. The site currently comprises a parcel of land with several internal field boundaries, intersected by a north to south aligned road. The site is bounded on the eastern side by the A614; on the western side by Robin Hood Airport; on the southern side by High Common Lane and on the northern side by a field boundary. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: In 1854 the site covered number of fields. The current north-south road which runs throughout the site was shown at this time. The road on the southern boundary of the site is labelled Cross Lane, and an Old Gravel Pit is labelled in the south-western corner of the site. At the very western end of the site is High Common Plantation, which extends into the buffer zone, and a small part of Pale Park, which also extends into the buffer. The northern site boundary was extant at this time as a field boundary associated with Brancroft Farm. By 1894 High Common Plantation had been renamed Lady Galway’s Plantation, and extended to the east slightly. By 1962 the A614 had been created, which forms the eastern site boundary. The western site boundary had also been created by this time, by the edge of Finningley Airfield. Some of the field boundaries at the southern end of the site had been removed by this time, and all of the field boundaries within the northern half of the site had been removed by 1985. The site remained unchanged on the 1992 map. To the north, east and south of the buffer, the area mostly comprised fields in 1854. To the west was Pale Park. Immediately outside the eastern site boundary at the southern end were a pump and a well. Two structures were present at the northern end of the eastern side of the buffer zone, labelled Brancroft and New Park. By 1892 Dyon’s Gate was present just outside the north-western corner of the site. By 1930 the Austerfield Pumping Station had been built to the south of the site, off Cross Lane. The 1956 map showed a sand and gravel pit to the southeast of the site and by 1962 Finningley Airfield had been created to the west of the site. Many of the field boundaries within the buffer zone had been removed by 1968 and by 1985 a golf course had been established to the southeast of the site. Survival: With the exception of the new A614 road which was constructed along the eastern side of the site in 1962, little ground disturbance within the site has occurred. Cultivation may have truncated and below-ground deposits, and the potential for the survival of unrecorded buried archaeology below the plough zone is considered to be moderate. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first century aerial photographs show the site divided into a number of small parcels of land in 2002, which appear to be used for agricultural purposes. This has remained the case ever since, although the field boundaries shift over the years to form different shaped and sized fields within the site boundary. Lidar data for the site contains some linear features, although these correspond to ploughing activity noted on modern aerial photographs, and are not thought to be archaeological in nature. Photograph references: Google Earth images 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2012 & 2015. Lidar data file SK6696.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 04347/01 Brancroft Airfield A modern airfield Y

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4477 High Common Lane, Austerfield, Doncaster Agglomerated fields Y Y HSY4475 Cross Lane, Austerfield, Doncaster Golf Course Y HSY4480 High Common Lane (south), Austerfield, Surveyed Enclosure Y Doncaster (Parliamentary/ Private) HSY4481 Great wood/ Spen Close Plantation, Plantation Y Finningley/ Austerfield, Doncaster HSY4488 Brancroft, Austerfield, Doncaster Other Mineral Extraction & Y Processing HSY4515 High Field Lane, Austerfield, Doncaster Agglomerated fields Y HSY4520 High Common Lane, Austerfield, Doncaster Other Mineral Extraction & Y Processing HSY4643 Old Park, Finningley, Doncaster Airport Y HSY4644 Doncaster Sheffield Airport, Finningley, Airport Y Doncaster

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Allocation Reference: 520 Area (Ha): 0.97 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5822 0494 Site Name: Quest Park 2, Wheatley Hall Road Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - 1 record Cropmark/Lidar evidence Yes Yes Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 520 Area (Ha): 0.97 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5822 0494 Site Name: Quest Park 2, Wheatley Hall Road Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments or events within the site. One findspot is recorded within the buffer, a large quantity of Roman pottery recovered during construction of the International Harvester’s Factory a short distance to the southeast of the site. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are recorded within the site or buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project records ridge and furrow cultivation within the site and southern part of the buffer. These were visible as earthworks in 1956, though the area within the buffer has since been developed and any earthwork features within the site itself have been levelled. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site and much of the buffer to the east and northeast as a factory complex associated with the chemical industry, developed by the Bemberg company in 1928-20, in a Germanic-Modern style of infilled steel and reinforced concrete frames rendered in white cement. The company produced 'artificial silk' or Rayon, and was converted to Nylon production in 1953. By the time of the closure of the factory in 1996, it had been occupied by ICI and DuPont. There is no legibility of former strips fields enclosed from open fields. The current style of buildings surrounding the site suggests that the factory complex has been completely demolished and the area is now modern retail park units. Further character zones within the buffer include drained wetland at Bentley Ings to the northwest, further industrial premises to the southwest and planned social housing to the southeast. The site is currently rough grassland north of retail units, with hedgerows preserving partial former field boundaries. It is bounded to the north by the River Don New Cut. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 OS map shows the site as part of two narrow fields, with sinuous boundaries characteristic of the enclosure of strips from open field. A drainage ditch ran along the eastern boundary of the eastern field, and the River Don formed the northern boundary. The area was called Red Cliff Closes. A small shed was shown in the western field, to the south of the site area. It was not shown in 1892, but in 1906 the fields had been subdivided into four and a shed was shown, again south of the site. By 1939, these were again shown as part of two fields, and as one field in 1980, when the current site boundaries had been formed. The 1992 map again showed the division between the two fields, as an intermittent boundary. Within the buffer, the 1854 map showed further fields, with Wheatley Lane shown to the south. Many of the fields had sheds, suggesting they may have been used as allotments or market gardens. Wheatley Park, ornamental parkland associated with Wheatley Hall, extended into the southeast edge of the buffer. The River Don and a substantial channel called the Flood Drain ran through the northwest part of the buffer, with the Great Northern Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire railway line running parallel to and northwest of the Flood Drain. The sheds were not shown on the 1894 OS map. In 1906, a building, possibly two semi-detached houses, was shown at the point where Wheatley Lane entered the park and become a footpath, and allotment gardens were shown in a field at the southwest edge of the buffer. By 1930, several more houses had been built along Wheatley Lane, but the buffer was still rural in character. It had changed dramatically by 1939, when Wheatley Hall Road had been widened and extended through the former park, and housing estates were shown to the south of the road. A large factory complex was shown to the east of the site, labelled 'Artificial Silk Factory'. It had a works railway that exited the factory along Churchill Road to the south of the site, joining the main line at Doncaster, and labelled the Wheatley Branch of the LNER in 1948. By 1956, further works buildings were under construction to the southwest of the site, extending up to the southwest site boundary by 1961, with a building shown as an oil refinery in 1974. The synthetic fibre factory had extended by 1974, with an associated electricity sub-station shown just to the east of the site.

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Survival: The site has been grassland during the 21st century, and may have been used for arable cultivation in the past. Some topsoil stripping occurred c.2008, though it is unclear how extensive this was. The potential for the survival of unrecorded buried archaeology within the site is moderate. A large quantity of Roman pottery found nearby suggests there is the potential for similar remains within the site. The proximity of the site to the River Don suggests there may be the potential for buried alluvial sequences that could contain palaeoenvironmental data. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations may be required if the site is allocated for development. Significance: Unknown. Note: Site 520 is mostly part of larger Site 735.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: The 2002 aerial photograph shows the site as two fields covered in rough grass, with the central hedgerow boundary dividing the two fields still surviving and trees along the eastern edge. The synthetic fibre factory to the east had been demolished at that date, and the area to the southeast of the site was shown as a large tarmac- surfaced area. A works building stood to the southwest, possibly the oil refinery, though altered since 1992. By 2008, the area to the south of the site was shown as three retail units, probably car showrooms, surrounded by car parking areas, and the site itself had been at least partially stripped of vegetation and possibly topsoil, though the central hedge survived. New retail park buildings were shown on the former factory site. By 2015, grass had regenerated within the site. The Lidar data shows the northeast, southwest and central field boundaries as hollows, indicating they may have been drainage ditches. No traces of ridge and furrow earthworks are shown on the Lidar image. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009 & 2015. Lidar data file SE5804 DTM 1m. OS/56T21 0043 13-Sep- 1956.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 01825/01 Roman and Roman pottery -large quantity of Romano-British pottery Y Romano-British recovered during constructions of International Harvester's Pottery Factory, Wheatley. Assemblage, Wheatley

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY5179 Former British Bemberg / Du Pont Wheatley Chemical Y Y Hall Road, Wheatley, Doncaster HSY4425 Bentley Ings, Doncaster Drained Wetland Y HSY5186 Radiance Road, Wheatley, Doncaster Other Industry Y HSY5195 Harrowden Road, Wheatley, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y

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Allocation Reference: 521 Area (Ha): 17.32 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SK 6102 9893 Site Name: Bankwood Lane 2, Rossington Settlement: Rossington

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Uncertain Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - 1 event Cropmark/Lidar evidence Yes Yes Cartographic features of interest Yes No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Partial n/a

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Allocation Reference: 521 Area (Ha): 17.32 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SK 6102 9893 Site Name: Bankwood Lane 2, Rossington Settlement: Rossington

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments or events within the site. One event is recorded within the northern edge of the buffer zone, fieldwalking and geophysical survey along the route of a new road, which recorded Iron Age to Roman field ditches and two flints. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are recorded within the site or buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded a rectilinear enclosure and associated field boundaries of probable Iron Age to Roman date within the southern part of the site. Earthwork ridge and furrow remains were recorded within the northern edge of the buffer in 1946, but this area has since been developed. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site and much of the western and southern buffer as the modern Bankwood Industrial Estate. The main central part of the site is a large depot, in an area formerly West End Wood, with the edge of the depot fossilising the boundary of the ancient woodland. The western edge of the site is a former sewage works within the industrial estate and the southwest edge was used as allotments prior to the creation of the industrial estate. Further character zones within the buffer comprise agglomerated fields to the north, drained wetland at the northeast edge, ancient woodland to the east, allotments to the southeast and west, social housing estate to the south and part of a colliery spoil heap at the western edge. Historic landfill data records one small tip within the site, called Bankwood Lane. Two further tips are recorded within the western part of the buffer, Rossington Dumpit Site to the southwest and Bankwood Lane Allotments at the northwest edge. The site is currently predominantly a large area of hardcore-surfaced depot yard, mainly used for storage and parking, with five lightweight industrial buildings towards the western sides. A small area at the southwest side is grassed verges. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 map showed the majority of the site as West End Wood, which formed the western end of Park Wood. The southern and northern boundaries of the woodland are still visible in the current layout, as is most of the western boundary. The west and southwest edges of the site were part of fields to the east of Bank Wood Lane at that date. The northern boundary of the site was marked by Rossington Drain. The 1892 map showed a series of footpaths running through the wood, and a drain along the eastern site boundary, with two boundaries marked within the wood, possibly narrow streams. By 1930, a sewage works was shown at the western edge of the site, in a former field, with filter beds and sludge beds. The southwest edge of the site was part of an area of allotment gardens. By 1962, part of the wood had been cleared, with enclosures shown at the southern and western sides of the formerly wooded area. The woodland was mainly shown as a mixture of wood and scrub by 1980, with more divisions shown within it, whilst the sewage works was shown as smaller, the filter and sludge beds having been infilled. By 1989, depot buildings were shown within the western side of the former wood, of which the western half had been cleared and formed the depot yard. The allotments to the southwest had gone by this date, and the area was shown as vacant ground to the north of factories. By 1993, only the northeast corner of the wood survived, with an irregularly shaped pond shown in this area to the south of the Rossington Drain. The sewage works was not labelled at that date. Within the buffer, the 1854 map showed Park Wood to the east and Pheasant Bank Wood to the west, with Bank Wood Lane running through the western side of the buffer on a north-south alignment and West End Lane crossing the southern end. The canalised route of the River Torne ran to the north of and parallel with Rossington Drain and the Great Northern Railway line ran through the northeast edge of the buffer. The remaining area was fields. There were no changes until 1930, when New Rossington colliery village had extended into the southern part of the buffer and a mineral railway line and sidings were shown to the north of Rossington Drain. By 1956,

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further housing was under construction in the southwest part of the buffer. A factory and depot were shown to the southwest of the site in 1989, with further works, coal and scrap yards shown to the west of Bank Wood Lane. Pheasant Bank Wood had been cleared by 1993 and may have become a spoil heap, with a conveyor from Rossington Main Colliery extending into it. Survival: The extent of subsoil disturbance associated with the creation of the depot yard is unclear. Topsoil is likely to have been stripped when the hardcore surface was laid, which could have impacted on the preservation of sub- surface deposits. The main part of the site was formerly ancient woodland, and tree roots are also likely to have caused some disturbance to sub-surface deposits. Across the main depot site, the potential for the preservation of unrecorded buried archaeology is considered to be generally moderate. The exceptions to this are the northeast edge, where a pond was shown in 1993 and a small area in the centre which is recorded as historic landfill, though no map evidence for this has been found. Within the western edge of the site, the preservation is considered to be negligible to low, as this area was formerly part of a sewage works with sludge beds and filter beds, since infilled. The potential at the southwest edge of the site is considered to be moderate to high, as this area does not appear to have been landscaped and was formerly in use as fields and allotments. The depot site largely preserves the boundary of the former West End Wood, retaining some legibility of the historic landscape character of this area of ancient woodland. The only place where this boundary has been removed is at the western side. Cropmarks of a probable Iron Age to Roman enclosure and field boundaries have been recorded within the southern part of the site. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Remains associated with Iron Age to Roman dispersed settlement and agriculture could be of Local to Regional archaeological significance depending on their extent, nature and condition.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: The 2002-2012 aerial photographs shown the main part of the site as a large area of hardcore-surfaced depot yard, mainly used for storage and parking, with five lightweight industrial buildings towards the western sides. The boundary of the depot yard was formerly that of West End Wood. The photographs suggest that there is a slight embankment around the edges of this area, and it is not clear if this was part of the historic woodland boundary or if it indicates that ground levels within the depot have been lowered. A small area at the southwest side of the site is grassed verges. The former sewage works at the western edge of the site survives as a series of tanks and a single building. Only a small area at the northeast corner of the site is covered by Lidar data. This shows the drainage ditches depicted on modern mapping, and slight banking around the north and northeast edge of the site. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage 2002, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009 & 2012. Lidar data tiles SK6099, SK6198 & SK6199 DTM 1m. RAF/CPE/UK/1880 2109 06-Dec-1946; OS/89258 0038 11-Jun-1989.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID ESY1464 Geophysical survey Fieldwalking and geophysical survey were conducted along the Y and fieldwalking, route of a new road near Finningley and Rossington. Field FARRRS, Doncaster boundaries and enclosures of probable Iron Age or Romano- British date were identified by the geophysical survey. The fieldwalking exercise recovered only two flints.

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SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4741 Bankwood Industrial estate, New Rossington, Other Industry Y Doncaster HSY4772 Bankwood Industrial estate, New Rossington, Utilities Y Doncaster HSY4776 Bankwood Industrial estate, New Rossington, Other Industry Y Y Doncaster HSY4222 Loversall and Potteric Carr, Loversall, Agglomerated fields Y Doncaster HSY4230 Rossington Main Colliery spoil 2, Rossington, Spoil Heap Y Doncaster HSY4446 Park Wood, Rossington, Doncaster Ancient Woodland Y HSY4641 Bessacarr Lane, Doncaster Drained Wetland Y HSY4713 Central Drive, New Rossington, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY4739 York Street, New Rossington, Doncaster Allotments Y HSY4768 Bank Wood Lane, New Rossington, Doncaster Allotments Y

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Allocation Reference: 522 Area (Ha): 6.91 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5213 0879 Site Name: Tornado, Red House Interchange Settlement: Adwick le Street/Woodlands

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Uncertain Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - 1 Listed Building - - SMR record/event 1 record/5 events 4 records/11 events Cropmark/Lidar evidence Yes Yes Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 522 Area (Ha): 6.91 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5213 0879 Site Name: Tornado, Red House Interchange Settlement: Adwick le Street/Woodlands

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records five events within the site: two geophysical surveys, an archaeological evaluation and an excavation and watching brief, all investigating and recording Iron Age to Roman field systems and enclosures. One monument recorded as a point just outside the site to the south appears to be related to the enclosures that extend into the site. These did not produce evidence for settlement activity. The SMR records one findspot and three monuments within the buffer zone: a beehive quern, the Roman Ridge Roman road, a ring ditch and Iron Age to Roman enclosures and associated field system. Eleven events are recorded in the buffer: three archaeological evaluations, three geophysical surveys, three archaeological excavations, two watching briefs and a survey of the Roman Ridge cycle route. One Scheduled Monument is recorded at the eastern edge of the buffer zone: the Roman Ridge Roman road. No listed buildings are recorded within the site or the buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded an Iron Age or Roman ditched enclosure within the site; this has subsequently been excavated. Ditches, trackways and enclosures from these periods were recorded in the buffer zone. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as Warehousing, a commercial development of sheds with no legibility of the former surveyed enclosures. A number of sites known from cropmark evidence were excavated in advance of construction on this site revealing a complex landscape of enclosures and farmsteads dating to the late Iron Age and Roman periods. The western boundary of the site is formed by the former Great North Road known at this point as the 'Roman Ridge' and originally a Roman road. Character zones within the buffer are defined as Motorway and Trunk Road Junctions and Agglomerated Fields. The site is currently rough grassland with evidence for disturbed ground, surrounded by an industrial park. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The site was shown as fields on the 1851 OS map. Other than the removal of field boundaries, no further changes were shown within the site on OS maps produced up to 1983. Various features were marked within the buffer zone on the 1851 OS map including fields, Ling Field Lane, Ling Field Closes, Red House Lane, and the course of the Roman Ridge Roman road. The South Yorkshire Junction Railway line had been built by 1906, with housing and the A1(M) Doncaster By-Pass shown within the buffer zone on the 1961 OS map. Survival: Previous archaeological investigation has identified, excavated and recorded Iron Age to Roman enclosures and field boundaries within the site. It is likely that the site has been subject to some archaeological mitigation though reporting is currently incomplete. Further investigations: As the extent of archaeological mitigation across this site is currently unclear and under-reported, further clarification of the extent of archaeological recording undertaken is likely to be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Uncertain. If mitigation is complete, the residual significance of archaeological remains will be negligible; however, this is currently unknown.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first-century aerial photographs show the site as rough grassland within an area bounded by warehouses in 2002, with substantial dumped material in the eastern part of the site between 2003 and 2015. Lidar data shows the dumped material and associated ground disturbance, along with other linear features that do not appear to be of archaeological origin. Woodlands, a substantial development with major access roads, had taken place within the buffer zone by 2002. Photograph references: Google Earth: 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009 and 2015. Bing Maps: 2015. Lidar data file SE5208 DTM 1m.

Statutory Designations Reference Name Designation/ Site? Buffer? ID Grade 1003672 Roman Ridge, Roman road, NW of Doncaster Y

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 01298/01 Beehive Quern top Top stone of a beehive quern from ploughed field. Y stone, Brodsworth 03039/01 'Roman Ridge', Stretches of Roman road used recently as a bridle path. It Y Roman Road at would have been the main Roman road from Doncaster Adwick le towards Castleford. Two phases of road were identified in Street/Bentley excavations undertaken ahead of the construction of Doncaster Bypass. Topographic survey in 2009 identified areas of surviving ridge (agger). 05643 Romano-British Ring ditch identified as a cropmark on aerial photographs, Y enclosure and field c300m NE of PIN 05641 system, Redhouse, Doncaster 05646 Late Iron Age to Iron Age to Romano-British field systems and enclosures were Y Y Romano-British identified by geophysical survey and a series of watching briefs enclosures and on soil stripping. No evidence for settlement activity was associated field recorded in these enclosures, and the small amount of pottery system recovered suggests a late Iron Age initial phase continuing into the Roman period. ESY337 Trial Trench In September and October 1996 an archaeological evaluation Y Y Evaluation at was undertaken. The trenches were positioned above features Adwick Le Street previous identified from a geophysical survey. A number of enclosures were located and investigated. ESY340 Geophysical Survey In 1995 a geophysical survey was undertaken at Adwick Le Y Y at Adwick Le Street Street. The survey located a number of features previously identified on aerial photographs including field systems, an enclosure and double-ditched 'droveway'. ESY341 Excavation within In May and September 2000 a late Iron Age enclosure Y Area 7, Redhouse (Enclosure 1) and length of Roman road was excavated. The Farm occupation of the Iron Age enclosure spanned the Roman conquest. ESY342 Geophysical Survey In June and September 2000 a geophysical survey was Y Y at Adwick Le Street undertaken at Adwick Le Street. The results complement previous investigations and show an extensive area of linear boundaries with possible rectilinear enclosures.

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ESY986 Survey of Roman Measured and photographic survey of archaeological and Y Ridge Cycle path modern features along path of cycle route route ESY1143 Watching brief on Watching brief on soil stripping for spine road & soil stripping Y Y stripping for spine in Areas 7, 14, 15, 16, & 17, Redhouse, Adwick le Street. Part road & in Areas 7, of a field system and possible trackway, thought to be of 14, 15, 16 & 17, Romano-British date, were identified as was part of a possible Redhouse, Adwick enclosure with a small number of pits containing pottery of le Street 2nd-4th century AD date. ESY1145 Watching brief on Watching brief on topsoil stripping of the site of Unit 2, Y site of Unit 2, Redhouse, Adwick le Street (Enclosure 6 and elements of the Redhouse, Adwick surrounding field system - thought to be Iron Age in origin but le Street principally Romano-British in date) ESY1146 Excavation within Excavation of 4 enclosures identified by earlier geophysical Y Y Areas 2, 8, 12 & 17, survey (ESY 340 & ESY342); in use from the late Iron Age until Redhouse, Adwick- sometime in the 2nd-4th centuries AD. le-Street ESY1407 Evaluation Seven trenches excavated along a section of the Roman Ridge Y trenching at Roman Roman Road between Sunnyfields and Red House. At the Ridge Roman Road, southern part of the investigated area limestone rubble Adwick le Street, possibly representing a former road surface was recorded. Doncaster Several of the trenches failed to find remains of the road due to disturbance caused by Brodsworth Colliery. The presumed line of the road may need to be re-evaluated in the southern portion, where a nearby and parallel bank may represent the true road route. ESY1436 Geophysical survey A geophysical survey identified a number of linear anomalies Y at the site of likely to represent former field boundaries. A number of other Hampole Wind anomalies probably represent modern features and Farm, Hampole disturbance. ESY1437 Trial trenching at 50 trenches were excavated at the site of Hampole Wind Y Hampole Wind Farm. Linear features representing Iron Age to Romano-British Farm field boundaries were recorded, along with a number of other shallow features. Artefactual evidence was sparse and poorly preserved. ESY1438 Excavations at Excavation was carried out to investigate a features identified Y Hampole Wind during earlier evaluative work. Remains associated with an Farm, Hampole Iron Age and Romano-British field system were identified.

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Allocation Reference: 523 Area (Ha): 0.36 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5759 0222 Site Name: DBIC Phase 2, Doncaster Carr/Leisure Park Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - 1 SMR record/event - 2 records Cropmark/Lidar evidence No No Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Unknown n/a

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Allocation Reference: 523 Area (Ha): 0.36 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5759 0222 Site Name: DBIC Phase 2, Doncaster Carr/Leisure Park Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: There are no SMR records for the site itself. Within the buffer zone, the find spot of a Roman coin is located to the north of the site, and further to the north is the find spot of an Anglo-Saxon coin. No Scheduled Monuments are recorded within the site or the buffer zone. One listed building is located within the buffer zone to the north of the site, the grade II listed Carr Grange Cemetery Chapel. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project does not record any features within the site or the buffer zone. An area of Historic Landfill is recorded across the site and at the southern end of the buffer zone, named Former Allotment Gardens, Ten Pound Walk. To the east and south of the site, the historic landfill area of Ten Pound Walk is also recorded. No further information is given for these records. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as part of a business park, dating to the mid to late 1990s. The business park contains a mix of industrial and business premises. The park was constructed on former allotments which were first depicted on the 1893 OS map. Before this, the area consisted of agricultural land. The original pattern of enclosures was created by a programme of drainage on Doncaster Carr. This resulted in a series of straight and regular fields aligned on the drainage ditches. Legibility of the former landscape is invisible. The buffer zone contains a variety of character types including a cemetery, modern housing, motorway and schools. The site is currently a triangular parcel of scrub wasteland, with a business park to the immediate south and a cemetery to the immediate north. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: On the 1851 map, the site is shown as part of a field. By 1930 allotment gardens had been established across the site, which extended to the south. By 1961 the northern end of the site was depicted as embanked to the north, denoted by hachures, and some sheds are present along the northern site boundary. By 1969 many of the boundaries of the allotment gardens had been removed, although the area was still marked as allotments. There are no changes on the 1992 map. The area surrounding the site comprised fields in 1851, many of the boundaries of which were marked as drains. Ten Pound Walk was partially extant to the south of the site, but was unnamed. By 1893 significant development had occurred within the buffer zone: to the north, Doncaster Cemetery had been established, with some housing further to the north, east and west. The area to the south was allotment gardens, with some of the original fields also still remaining. By 1979 a siding and a train depot extended into the southern area of the buffer zone. Survival: The site was part of drained wetland since 1650 and became allotments by 1894. An area of historic landfill is recorded across the site, but no evidence for this was found on historic mapping. Topsoil may have been stripped across the site when the adjacent business park was developed. In the absence of detailed information relating to this landfill, the potential for the survival of unrecorded buried archaeological remains is unknown. Further investigations: Further investigation may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first century aerial photography demonstrates that sometime between 1992 and 2002 the allotments were removed, and the area to the south of site was developed with modern industrial buildings, which by 2003 butted up to the southern site boundaries. The 2002 image showed the site itself with some patches of bare ground, suggesting topsoil may have been stripped across the site as part of the business park development. It currently comprises scrub wasteland. Lidar imagery shows a discontinuous linear embankment along the northern site boundary, shown on aerial photographs as scrub-covered mounds. Photograph references: Google Earth images 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2015. Lidar data tile SE5702 DTM 1m.

Statutory Designations Reference Name Designation/ Site? Buffer? ID Grade 1314876 Carr Grange Cemetery Chapel II Y

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 01086/01 Roman coin, Hyde AE (bronze/copper) Centennionalis of Magentius (AD 350-353) Y Park, Doncaster found during demolition of Arthur Street, Hyde Park in 1970. 02266/01 Anglo-Saxon period AE follis, late tenth, early eleventh century. Found in back yard Y (Byzantine) coin, of 164 Catherine Street, Hyde Park, Doncaster, under soil Doncaster town centre

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY5257 Middle Bank, Doncaster Business Park Y Y HSY5261 Railway Sidings, Doncaster Train Depot/ Sidings Y HSY5280 Hyde Park Cemetery, Doncaster Cemetery Y HSY5282 Kelham Street, Doncaster Business Park Y HSY5306 Balby Road Bridge, Doncaster Motorway and Trunk Road Y Junctions HSY5310 Stirling Primary School, Prospect Place, School Y Doncaster HSY5312 Stirling Street, Doncaster Terraced Housing Y HSY5314 Carr Grange, Doncaster Business Park Y HSY5317 Carr House Road, Doncaster School Y HSY5319 Hyde Park Junction, Doncaster Motorway and Trunk Road Y Junctions HSY5887 St James Street Estate, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5914 St James' Street, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y

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Allocation Reference: 524 Area (Ha): 1.42 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5797 0215 Site Name: Royal Mail, Doncaster Carr/Leisure Park Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Negligible Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation No archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - 2 records/1 event Cropmark/Lidar evidence No No Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Extensive n/a

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Allocation Reference: 524 Area (Ha): 1.42 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5797 0215 Site Name: Royal Mail, Doncaster Carr/Leisure Park Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: No SMR records exist for the site itself. Within the buffer zone, two findspots are recorded: a Bronze Age cup to the south of the site, and an Iron Age/Romano-British partial beehive quern to the northeast of the site. One event is recorded within the buffer zone, an archaeological watching brief which did not identify any archaeological remains. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are recorded within the site or the buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project does not record any features within the site or the buffer zone. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as part of a business park, dating to the mid to late 1990s. The business park contains a mix of industrial and business premises. The park was constructed on former allotments which were first depicted on the 1893 OS map. Before this, the area consisted of agricultural land. The original pattern of enclosures was created by a programme of drainage on Doncaster Carr. This resulted in a series of straight and regular fields aligned on the drainage ditches. Legibility of the former landscape is invisible. The buffer zone contains a variety of character types including a cemetery, modern housing, motorway and schools. An area of Historic Landfill is recorded at the eastern end of the buffer zone, named Business Park. To the west is an area named Ten Pound Walk, and at the very western end of the buffer zone is another area named Former Allotment Gardens, Ten Pound Walk. No further information is given for these records. The site is currently a triangular parcel of scrub wasteland, surrounded by industrial units and modern housing. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: In 1851 the site was part of fields. Black Bank was present immediately to the south of the site, with further banks to the south and west. A number of allotments had been established to the east of the site by 1893, and by 1930 a number of small buildings were marked in this area, probably sheds. By 1938 a small row of terraced housing had been built at the western end of the site, fronting onto Black Bank. By 1961 a large Works building had been constructed over the majority of the site, with smaller works buildings built behind the terraced housing. By 1984 the terraced housing at the west of the site had been removed, and the allotment gardens had been removed from the eastern end of the site, which by this time was marked as Depot. The large Works building at the centre of the site had been removed by 1992. The area surrounding the site in 1851 was largely strip fields. To the south of the site were a number of banks. By 1893 the area to the north of the site had become heavily developed with terraced housing, labelled Hyde Park. To the east, south and west, numerous allotment gardens had been laid out and Doncaster Cemetery had been established to the west. Between 1893 and 1930, the housing in Hyde Park, to the north of the site, became much more dense. By 1956 some small scale works had been established immediately to the west of the site, with further works to the north of the site by 1961. By 1984 the allotment gardens to the east of the site had been removed and replaced with a depot. By 1992 the allotment gardens to the west also appear to have been removed, and also to the south, which had been replaced with small industrial type buildings. Survival: A succession of buildings have occupied the site from 1930, including terraced housing at the western end and a large works building over the majority of the site by 1961. These buildings are likely to have severely truncated sub-surface on the site. As such, the potential for the survival of unrecorded buried archaeological remains is considered to be low.

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Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation is unlikely to be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Negligible

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first century aerial photography shows the site to be vacant ground in 2002, with no standing buildings surviving. This has remained the case ever since, with the site comprising scrub wasteland with light tree cover. Industrial buildings immediately surround the site. No earthworks of archaeological interest have been identified within Lidar data for the site. Photograph references: Google Earth images 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009 & 2015. Lidar data tiles SE5702 & SE5802 DTM 1m.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 00667/02 Bronze Age incense Bronze Age incense cup Y cup 04299/01 Partial Beehive Upper stone of a beehive quern found at Childers Street. Y Quern, Childers Street, Doncaster ESY899 Archaeological An archaeological watching brief was undertaken concurrent Y Watching Brief at with the excavation of series of geotechnical test pits at the Tesco Distribution Tesco Distribution Centre on White Rose, Doncaster. No Centre, Doncaster, archaeological deposits, features or artefacts were identified South Yorkshire in any of the test pits. The only deposits disturbed by these ground works were of modern rubble and made ground.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY5257 Middle Bank, Doncaster Business Park Y Y HSY5239 Doncaster Carr, Doncaster Business Park Y HSY5272 Chequer Avenue, Doncaster Allotments Y HSY5280 Hyde Park Cemetery, Doncaster Cemetery Y HSY5283 Lime Tree Avenue, Hyde Park, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5301 Carr House Road, Hyde Park, Doncaster Terraced Housing Y HSY5314 Carr Grange, Doncaster Business Park Y HSY5317 Carr House Road, Doncaster School Y HSY5319 Hyde Park Junction, Doncaster Motorway and Trunk Road Junctions Y

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Allocation Reference: 526 Area (Ha): 0.51 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5923 0149 Site Name: South Quay, off Lakeside Boulevard Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - 1 event Cropmark/Lidar evidence Yes Yes Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low? n/a

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Allocation Reference: 526 Area (Ha): 0.51 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5923 0149 Site Name: South Quay, off Lakeside Boulevard Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: There are no SMR records within the site. Within the buffer zone, one event is recorded, a geophysical survey to the northeast of the site. No archaeological features were identified. There are no Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings within the site or the buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project records the external boundary of a 20th-century airfield enclosing the site and extending into the buffer. Within the buffer zone, to the northeast of the site, enclosures and field boundaries of an Iron Age/Romano British field system have been recorded. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site and the north-eastern area of the buffer zone as an artificial lake, created as part of the leisure and business development of the surrounding area in the mid 1990s. Prior to this, the site was occupied by fields with straight and regular edges indicative of parliamentary enclosure, part of High Ellers Common prior to the 1779 Parliamentary Award. Legibility of this former landscape is invisible. Additional character zones within the buffer zone include a business park, a retail park and regenerated scrubland. One area of Historic Landfill covers the site and part of the buffer, named Sandy Lane, recorded from 1960-1971, though the site was part of an airfield at that date. Within the buffer zone, to the immediate northwest of the site, Doncaster Airport Tip is recorded. No further information is given for these records. The site currently comprises a single parcel of scrubland, bounded on the northern side by an artificial lake. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: In 1854 the site was located within a group of fields, labelled Carr House Carr. Calder’s Drain ran through the eastern edge of the site on an approximate north to south alignment. By 1955 all of the field boundaries within and to the north of the site had been removed. By 1980, this area was marked as Doncaster Airport. The airport is thought to have been constructed in 1934 and is known to have been in use during WWII, although the airport itself is not labelled as such until 1977 OS maps. The 1960 OS map depicts some features within the site, presumably associated with the airport, although they are unlabelled. During the war the airport, which had a grass runway, housed a Ministry of Aircraft Production factory where Westland Lysander reconnaissance planes were built. It is understood that the airport later reverted to a civilian aerodrome, until it was closed in 1992. There was no change on the site on the 1993 map. On the 1854 map, the area surrounding the site comprised straight and regular fields with a high proportion of the field boundaries marked as drainage, including the substantial Lady Bank Drain, which is aligned approximately northwest to southeast to the west of the site. By 1894 a small nursery had been established to the south of the site. Many of the field boundaries and drains had been removed to the north of the site on the 1955 map, marking the area of Doncaster Airport, although the area is not labelled as such until 1977 OS maps. By 1972 a tip was marked to the immediate north of the site. By 1984 the A6182, to the southwest of the site, had been constructed, and the tip to the north appeared to have been infilled. There is little change on the 1993 OS map. Survival: The site was part of fields in 1854, and was located on the fringes on Doncaster airport from the 1930s. Historic landfill data records the site as being part of an area which has seen an episode of landfill, although the nature of this remains unclear and is not shown on historic maps; a tip is marked to the north of the site, but not within the site itself. No significant disturbance is evident on the site since 1851, although further investigation into the historic landfill data would be useful to determine the potential for survival of unrecorded buried archaeological remains on the site. Some below-ground disturbance may have been caused on the site during the construction

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of the lake which is located to the immediate north of the site. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first century aerial photographs show that the current site boundaries were established sometime between 1993 and 2002, with the construction of the pond to the immediate north of the site and the industrial estate and associated infrastructure to the south. The site has remained undeveloped since. No heritage assets were identified within Lidar data for the site. An area of disturbance at the north-eastern area of the site is evident. Photograph references: Google Earth images 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2015 Google Street View images 2015 RAF/58/1891 F21 0090 14-Oct-1955, OS/78052 0269 25-May-1978, OS/92256 0232 20-Jul-1992

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID ESY906 Report on Although no evidence for archaeological remains is apparent Y Geophysical Survey with the development area, the site lies within a broad area of at Doncaster archaeological interest. In particular, a complex of cropmarks Airport to the south suggests prehistoric and Romano-British field system which might extend into the development area.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY5238 Lakeside Boulevard, Doncaster Artificial Lake Y Y HSY5239 Doncaster Carr, Doncaster Business Park Y HSY5240 Potteric Carr Road, Doncaster Regenerated Scrubland Y HSY5254 White Rose Way, Doncaster Retail Park Y

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Allocation Reference: 527 Area (Ha): 1.20 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SK 4915 9914 Site Name: M &J Polymers Expansion Land, Denaby Ln Settlement: Denaby

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

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Allocation Reference: 527 Area (Ha): 1.20 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SK 4915 9914 Site Name: M &J Polymers Expansion Land, Denaby Ln Settlement: Denaby

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments or events within the site. One monument is recorded within the buffer, an area in Denaby Wood where numerous finds of Romano-British pottery, coins and iron slag have been found. There are no Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings within the site or buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded the site of a 20th-century munitions factory, its associated road system, buildings and blast walls, within both the site and the buffer. Also within the buffer are a number of post-medieval mine shaft hollows to the southwest of the site, with one shaft to the immediate northeast of the site. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site and much of the buffer as a modern industrial estate, developed following the closure of Denaby Main Colliery. The site was used as a 'Flameless Explosives Works' from 1891 to 1967. Further character zones within the buffer include the probable ancient woodland of Denaby Wood to the southwest; valley floor meadows to the northeast, possibly originating in the medieval period; modern agglomerated fields with no legibility of earlier enclosure types to the south; and a modern planned social housing estate in the eastern part of the buffer. The site is currently rough ground and hardstanding areas within an industrial estate, with the southern boundary formed by Eland Road and the northern boundary by Coalpit Road. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: In 1854, the site was shown as part of a field and part of Coalpit Plantation. In 1892 and 1906 an explosive works was shown to the north, but the itself site was unchanged. The 1930 map did not show the works, though they were shown on later maps, suggesting this was a deliberate omission for security reasons. The works were shown on the 1956 OS map, by which date a building occupied the north end of the site. The 1958 map showed that the works road network had extended south to encompass the site and further structures were shown within the woodland to the south. The building at the northern end of the site was shown as a warehouse in 1972, when the rest of the site was a vacant area within the works, which appeared to be disused at that date. The 1974 OS map also showed the remains of the road layout and the warehouse. By 1987, the southern side of the site was shown as a terraced platform, with the warehouse building still extant. The southern boundary of the site was also terraced, marked by a slope down from woodland to the south. Within the buffer, the 1854 map showed the area as fields and woodland, including Denaby Wood to the southwest and Coalpit Plantation to the east. By 1892, the 'Flameless Explosive Works (Securite)' had been built to the north of the site, apparently with an internal rail network connecting the factory to a series of magazines set within blast wall banks. The railway continued south from the works into Coalpit Plantation east of the site, where two further magazines were shown. The 1930 map showed the area as fields and woodland, with a linear hollow to the south of Coalpit Plantation. This must have been a deliberate omission of the works, as they were shown on the 1956 map. By 1958 further magazines and blast walls had been built to the south and west of the site, within the wooded area. The works was disused by 1972, with the northern end occupied by a depot and works buildings to the north of the site, which had expanded further by 1980. Housing estates were shown at the eastern side of the buffer in 1974, extending further southwards by 1980. Survival: The northern part of the site was occupied by a building from the mid- to late 20th century. The extent of sub- surface disturbance caused by this structure is unclear, as it may have been a warehouse with only shallow foundations. It is also unknown how much landscaping was undertaken following the closure of the works and during the construction of the industrial estate. The potential for the survival of unrecorded buried archaeological remains is currently unknown.

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Further investigations: Further archaeological assessment may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: The 2002 aerial photograph showed the site as predominantly rough ground between two light industrial sheds, with some parking on the northeast side. By 2008, a strip of hard standing had been laid out across the centre of the site, used for storing containers. The remainder of the site remained rough grass and shrubs. There is no available Lidar data for this site. Photograph references: Google Earth 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009 & 2015. RAF/CPE/UK/2011 5372 16-Apr-1947; RAF/543/9F22-0325 19-Jun-1957; MAL/79015 0105 02-Jun-1979.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 04672 Romano-British Numerous finds of Romano-British pottery, coins, and iron slag Y Artefact Scatter, are reported to have been found at Denaby Wood. Denaby Wood, Denaby

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY5321 Denaby Lane Industrial Estate, Denaby Main, Other Industry Y Y Doncaster HSY4557 Denaby Wood, Denaby, Doncaster Ancient Woodland Y HSY5318 Denaby Main village (former western Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y allotment section), Denaby Main, Doncaster HSY5320 Harrogate Drive area, Denaby Main, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5378 Land north of Denaby Old Village, Doncaster Valley Floor Meadows Y HSY5379 Land south of Denaby Main Village, Doncaster Agglomerated fields Y

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Allocation Reference: 528 Area (Ha): 0.76 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5462 0937 Site Name: Brookland Road, Carcroft Common Settlement: Carcroft Skellow

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

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Allocation Reference: 528 Area (Ha): 0.763 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 54615 09371 Site Name: Brookland Road, Carcroft Common Settlement: Carcroft Skellow

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any finsdspots, monuments or events within the site or buffer zone. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are recorded within the site or the buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded levelled ridge and furrow within the buffer zone, mainly in areas since built on. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as an industrial park that appears to have developed as the mining activity of Bullcroft died off, with a mixture of occupants including an 'Oil Railway Terminal' and a residential Caravan Park. The edges of the estate were formerly the boundaries of a common, so legibility is fragmentary. Character zones within the buffer are defined as Terraced Housing, Semi- detached Housing, Other Industry and Surveyed Enclosure (Parliamentary/Private). Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The site was shown as part of a field on the 1851 OS map, with the northern boundary marked by a railway line and the northeast boundary by Station Lane. Other than the removal of field boundaries associated with development to the east, no changes were shown within the site on OS maps produced up to 1971. Part of the eastern boundary was established by 1932, with the site shown as part of undeveloped land within a depot yard by 1982. Various features were marked within the buffer zone on the 1851 OS map including fields, field boundaries, a plot containing two buildings and a garden, the Great Northern and Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway line and an associated level crossing, the Old Ea Beck, Station Road, Bentley Moor Lane and White Cross Bridge. A detached building stood in a field to the north of the line at that date. A club and the Brooklands housing development had been constructed to the east of the site by 1932. The Bullcroft Colliery railway sidings had been added to the north of the site by that date, with a sewage works, a club and a hall also shown within the buffer. Works, a depot and allotments were marked to the north of the railway line on the 1961 OS map, with a garage on Station Road and Bentley Moor Lane and a works to the east. Further works, warehousing and a caravan park were shown on the 1978 map. Wellsyke Road had been constructed by that date. The Brookland housing development had been demolished by the time of the 1982 OS map. Survival: The site was a field until the late 20th or early 21st century. Lidar data suggests that ground levels may have been raised across part of the site, possibly associated with landscaping, though it appears flat and graded on aerial photographs. There may have been some disturbance to sub-surface deposits caused by recent topsoil stripping, suggesting that the potential for the survival of buried archaeological remains is low to moderate. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: A 2002 aerial photograph shows the site as an area of rough grassland with exposed soil suggesting some disturbance, apparently by vehicle tracks. This is likely to have occurred in relation to the development of the adjacent Brooklands Industrial Estate. By 2008, the site had been cleared of grass and scrub and apparently stripped of topsoil, with a pile of soil shown in the northeast corner. In 2009 it was in use as a container park, with areas of car parking and in 2015, it was being used as a lorry park. Lidar data shows a raised area at the northern end of the site suggesting the area has been disturbed or landscaped, possibly with the raising of ground levels. No potential archaeological features were visible. Photograph references: Google Earth: 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009 and 2015. Bing Maps: 2015. Lidar data file SE5409. RAF/CPE/UK/1880 5076 06-Dec-1946; RAF/543/9F22 0082 19-Jun-1957; MAL/68041 0202 10-Jun-1968.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY148 Carcroft Common Industrial Estate Other Industry Y Y HSY95 Owston Rd, Askern Road and Queens Road, Terraced Housing Y Carcroft HSY134 Skellow Road Carcroft Semi-Detached Housing Y HSY135 Carcroft Enterprise Park (former Bullcroft Other Industry Y sidings) HSY253 Ings, Carcroft Surveyed Enclosure Y (Parliamentary/ Private)

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Allocation Reference: 530 Area (Ha): 1.30 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 6974 1359 Site Name: Grampian Expansion, Coulman Road Settlement: Thorne Moorends

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - 1 event Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 530 Area (Ha): 1.30 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 6974 1359 Site Name: Grampian Expansion, Coulman Road Settlement: Thorne Moorends

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments or events within the site. One event is recorded within the buffer zone, consisting of archaeological evaluation at Thorne Grammar School. This recorded the remains of medieval to post-medieval agriculture and 17th- to 18th-century pits. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are recorded within the site or buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded post- medieval ridge and furrow earthworks in fields at the east and northeast sides of the buffer. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the site as a modern Industrial Estate with no legibility of previous landscapes. Landscape character zones within the buffer include a sports ground to the west and enclosed, drained wetland to the east and southeast. The site is currently maintained as rough grassland. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1853 OS map depicts the site as part of a larger field to the north of Thorne and Crowle Road (Church Balk). This remained largely unchanged until 1975, when the northern boundary was defined by an industrial estate developed within the buffer zone immediately to the north. Within the buffer zone, the 1853 map depicts structures relating to Clap Gate and Clap Gate Farm are recorded extending east away from Clap Gate Road to the southeast of the site. To the northeast, structures relating to Moors Farm are also recorded at this date. The remainder the land within the buffer is depicted as narrow strips of enclosed agricultural land. The 1906 OS map indicates that Clap Gate and Clap Gate Farm had been renamed ‘The Willows’. From 1962 to 1967, housing development was undertaken along Wike Gate Road, within the buffer zone to the southwest. By 1975, an industrial estate had been developed within the north part of the buffer. Survival: The lack of deep sub-surface disturbance suggests that the potential for the survival of any unrecorded buried archaeological remains is moderate to high. Nearby trial trenching at Thorne Grammar School indicated the potential for the survival of sub-surface remains of medieval to post-medieval agricultural activity within the area. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation may be required if this site is allocated for development. Significance: Unknown. Remains associated with medieval to post-medieval agriculture are likely to be considered as being of Local archaeological significance.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first-century aerial photographs show the site as rough grassland. Within the northwest corner of the site a structure is visible on the 2002 and 2008 coverage. By 2009 it had been demolished, with only the foundations remaining in situ.

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Photograph references: Google Earth coverage, 2002, 2008 & 2009.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID ESY257 Archaeological In 2004 a geophysical survey and a programme of trial Y Investigations at trenching was undertaken at Thorne Grammar School. The Thorne Grammar results of the geophysical survey detected groups of linear School anomalies probably reflecting traces of ridge and furrow ploughing and a former field system. The trial trenching confirmed that the anomalies detected in the geophysical survey related to the medieval/post-medieval agricultural use of the site in the form of ridge and furrows, field boundaries and drains. A number of pits and linear features dating from the 17/18th century in the south-west of the site were discovered.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4669 Coulman Road Industrial Estate, Thorne Other Industry Y Y Common, Doncaster HSY4394 Thorne Cables (Moorland Allotments), Thorne, Drained Wetland Y Doncaster HSY4395 Thorne Cables (Agglomerated section), Drained Wetland Y Thorne, Doncaster HSY4440 Hatfield Chase - High and Low Levels, Drained Wetland Y Doncaster HSY4674 King Edward First School and Thorne Grammar School Y School, Thorne, Doncaster HSY4677 South Common Estate, Thorne, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5648 Rugby and Cricket Grounds, Coulman Road, Sports Ground Y Thorne, Doncaster HSY5649 Parliamentary enclosures, North Common, Surveyed Enclosure Y Thorne, Doncaster (Parliamentary/ Private)

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Allocation Reference: 531 Area (Ha): 1.391 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5806 0100 Site Name: Balby Carr 1, Balby Carr Bank Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - 3 events Cropmark/Lidar evidence No No Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 531 Area (Ha): 1.391 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5806 0100 Site Name: Balby Carr 1, Balby Carr Bank Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: There are no SMR records within the site itself. Within the buffer zone three events are recorded, which identified a ring ditch and the remains of a 19th- to 20th-century structure. All three events are located at the very southern end of the buffer zone. There are no Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings recorded the site or the buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project does not record any features within the site or the buffer zone. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site and the majority of the buffer zone as industrial. Industrialisation in the area began in the second half of the 19th century with the construction of a wagon works, and gathered pace throughout the 20th century. Before this, the area consisted of agricultural land. The original pattern of enclosures was created by a programme of drainage on Balby Carr. This resulted in a series of straight and regular fields aligned on the drainage ditches, although legibility of this former landscape is invisible. Additional character types within the buffer zone include train depot/railway sidings to the north and drained wetland to the south. The site currently comprises an area of scrubland, separated through the centre by a north-east to south-west aligned road. Industrial buildings immediately surround the site. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: In 1851 the site was located at the northern end of a field. Balby Carr Bank was extant immediately to the north of the site, running along the northern site boundary, with the Mother Drain located just within the site boundary, following the course of the road. The western boundary of the site was also marked with a drain. By 1930 an additional field boundary had been added to the site, running northeast to southwest, down the centre. By 1961 this was marked as a drain, as were all of the field boundaries making up the boundaries of the site, although the southern site boundary is not present at this time. There is no evident change on the site on the 1992 map. Within the buffer zone, the area surrounding the site was fields in 1851, labelled Potteric Carr to the south and Balby Carr to the north. The railway line was extant to the north of the site. A large Wagon Depot had been constructed immediately to the north of Balby Carr Bank by 1892, which was connected to the railway line to the north. By 1903 these works had been extended to the west. By 1992 a large works had been built to the west of the site. The area to the south of the site remained largely undeveloped by 1992, although contained many drains. Survival: The site is shown on the 1851 map as part of a field, and little development has occurred on the site since. At some point between 1992 and 2002, a small road has been constructed centrally down the site, along the line of a former drain, and an area of hardstanding has been laid to create an open-air car park. Ground works associated with this may have impacted on any shallow below-ground archaeological remains. The potential for the survival of any unrecorded buried archaeological remains is considered to be moderate. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first century aerial photographs demonstrate that the southern site boundary had been established by 2002, with the creation of a large industrial building immediately to the south of the site. Also by this time, a road had been created centrally through the site on a north-east to south-west alignment, leading to the industrial building, and a small open air car park had been established in the south-eastern area of the site. Little change had occurred on the site since, with the majority of the site comprising scrub grassland. No previously unrecorded archaeological remains have been identified within the available Lidar data for the site. Photograph references: Google Earth images 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2015

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID ESY1060 First Point, Balby The evaluation uncovered features associated with a 19th Y Carr Evaluation /20th century farmhouse. Areas A1 A2 A3 ESY1061 First Point, Balby Trial trenching that uncovered a ring ditch and V shaped ditch. Y Carr, Doncaster The ring ditch was fully excavated. Areas B1, B2, B3, E ESY1071 Ikea Site, Balby Geophysical survey (26/10/04 - 29/10/04) and trial trenching Y Carr, Doncaster (14/12/04 - 14/01/05) carried out on proposed site of an Ikea..

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4232 Balby, Loversall and Potteric Carr, Doncaster Drained Wetland Y HSY5261 Railway Sidings, Doncaster Train Depot/ Sidings Y HSY5277 Balby Carr Bank, Doncaster Metal Trades (Heavy) Y Y

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Allocation Reference: 532 Area (Ha): 1.59 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5800 0041 Site Name: Zone E1, First Point Business Park Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Negligible Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation No archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event 1 event 4 records/10 events Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 532 Area (Ha): 1.59 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5800 0041 Site Name: Zone E1, First Point Business Park Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: One SMR event is recorded within the site and extending into the western and northern parts of the buffer and beyond. This comprised trial trenching that did not reveal any archaeological features within the site. Within the buffer, a ring ditch and a V-shaped ditch of probable late Iron Age date were identified and subject to open area excavation. Ten further events are recorded within the buffer zone, and those which identified archaeological remains recorded evidence of Iron Age/Romano-British activity. The four SMR monuments within the buffer zone are derived from remains revealed within these events. Three relate to Iron Age to Roman field systems and settlement activity, and the fourth is the remnants of a possible medieval deer park boundary. There are no Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings within the site or the buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project does not record any features within the site. Within the buffer zone, traces of an Iron Age to Romano-British field system are recorded to the north, east and south of the site. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site and the northwest and south- eastern end of the buffer zone as enclosed drained wetlands. The field boundaries as depicted on the 1854 OS map remain almost intact and are probably the result of the massive wetlands drainage programme in the 17th century. Prior to this the land was probably wet and marshy meadows. Legibility of the former landscape is invisible. Additional character areas within the buffer zone are agglomerated fields, industrial and educational sites. The site currently comprises an area of scrubland. Modern industrial buildings immediately surround the site to the north, with fields to the south. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: In 1854 the site was located within fields in an area named Potteric Carr. Division Drain was extant to the south of the site, forming the current southern site boundary, and a drain was present on a northeast to southwest alignment at the western end of the site, currently forming the western site boundary. No changes were evident by the time of the 1992 map. Within the buffer zone, the area surrounding the site was fields in 1851, labelled Potteric Carr. Many of the field boundaries contained drains. A strip of trees, named New Plantation, was present on a northeast to southwest alignment to the east of the site, with drains down each edge, and Carr Lodge was depicted to the south of the site. By 1892 New Plantation had been renamed Duck Plantation, but by 1902 the trees had been removed and it was shown as heathland. A few internal field boundaries had been removed by 1992, but on the whole very little had changed within the buffer zone, with the area surrounding the site remaining undeveloped fields. Survival: The site is shown on the 1854 map as part of a field. No development is known to have taken place on the site since. In 2006, archaeological evaluation trenches within the site did not identify any features of archaeological significance, hence the potential for the survival of previously unrecorded archaeology is considered to be low. Further investigations: Archaeological evaluation in the form of trial trenching has already occurred on the site (ESY1061); this did not identify any archaeological features within the site. No further archaeological investigation is likely to be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Negligible.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first-century aerial photographs show that by 2002 there was little change within the site since 1992, although a track running adjacent to Woodfield Way may be associated with the construction of the road. By 2008 much of the site had been stripped of topsoil, in association with development of an industrial estate to the immediate north. The site is currently scrubland. No earthwork features of archaeological origin are visible within the available Lidar data for the site. Photograph references: Google Earth images 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2015. Lidar data tiles SE5700 & SE5800 DTM 1m. ULM (RC8FK217) 13-JUN-1983.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 05037 Roman Square A square enclosure associated with contemporary ditches. Y Enclosure, Balby Radiocarbon and artefact finds within the ditch fills suggests Carr the enclosures began silting from the late 2nd century AD. There was no evidence of occupation features within the enclosure, but burnt bone remains suggestive of cooking refuse were found within the ditch fills. 05038 Possible-Medieval Ditch identified by geophysical survey and excavation. Possible Y Deer Park boundary feature for a medieval deer park associated with Boundary, Balby Draw Dykes, a fortified manor built after 1220. The manor is Carr said to have been associated with a park of a thousand acres. Modern and historic field boundaries may have fossilised this boundary feature 05039 Balby Carr A number of ditches from a 'brickwork' plan field system were Y Brickwork Field excavated to the west of White Rose Way in 2002. System and Environmental evidence suggests that locally this site is likely Settlement to have been pasture. There is evidence that the fields may have been surrounded by hedges. Radiocarbon dating of waterlogged wood from these features dates to between 50 BC to 130 AD. There were at least two phases of ditch construction and occupation, with roundhouses excavated in the west of the area in 2008. 05617 Iron Age to Fieldwork in 2012 identified the remains of a field system, as Y Romano-British well as a number of circular features including at least one features, Carr roundhouse. Roman-British pottery was recovered from a Lodge Farm, number of the ditches, along with an Iron Age metalworking Doncaster crucible. Geophysical survey in 2012 identified several linear features indicating that late prehistoric and Roman period field systems extended to the north and south of the excavated features. ESY286 Archaeological A desk-based assessment, aerial photographic survey and a Y Field Evaluation at geophysical survey were completed prior to field evaluation Carr Lodge Farm and identified two enclosures and a number of other linear and pit type features. Evaluation revealed that the two main enclosures appear to have had hedged banks and were almost certainly used for stock control. The evidence suggests that in the past the site was used for agricultural purposes, with seasonal activity dependent upon the height of the water table. ESY887 Second Phase A mix of housing and retail uses have been proposed for the Y Archaeological area, and this would have a serious effect on any

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Evaluation, Balby archaeological remains. For this reason, it was recommended St. Catherines that a two -stage archaeological evaluation should take place Hospital in order to determine the presence or absence, nature, extent, date and state of preservation of any such remains. ESY892 Geophysical Survey The site lies on the southern outskirts of Doncaster, South Y at Balby, Doncaster Yorkshire, of the east of the A60 road and to the north of the M18 motorway. The site under investigation is an area of undulating arable land which at the time of the survey had either recently been ploughed or set aside. The geology comprises mainly alluvium and bounder clay and morainic drift on the western edge of the site. ESY1060 First Point, Balby The evaluation uncovered features associated with a 19th/ Y Carr Evaluation 20th century warehouse. Areas A1 A2 A3 ESY1061 First Point, Balby Trial trenching uncovered a ring ditch and V-shaped ditch. The Y Y Carr, Doncaster ring ditch was fully excavated. Areas B1, B2, B3, E ESY1065 First Point, Balby Archaeological excavation revealing Iron Age settlement dated Y Carr, Doncaster by radiocarbon to c.400-200 BC. Area D1 ESY1066 Catesby Business Evaluation at Balby Carr consisting of three trenches. Shallow Y Park, Doncaster ditches possibly associated with the adjacent late prehistoric and Romano-British field systems were identified. An undated row of wooden stakes was found. ESY1070 Balby Carr Strip and record excavation that uncovered four archaeological Y Balancing Pond features ESY1071 Ikea Site, Balby Geophysical survey (26/10/04 - 29/10/04) and trial trenching Y Carr, Doncaster (14/12/04 - 14/01/05) carried out on proposed site of an Ikea. ESY1383 Watching brief at A watching brief was conducted ahead of construction of a Y Carr Lodge Farm, spine road at Carr Lodge Farm in Doncaster. Recorded Doncaster archaeological features included ditches comprising a field system, along with at least one roundhouse. Romano-British pottery was recovered, along with an Iron Age metalworking crucible.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4231 Potteric and Loversal Carr, Loversall, Doncaster Agglomerated fields Y HSY4232 Balby, Loversall and Potteric Carr, Doncaster Drained Wetland Y Y HSY5277 Balby Carr Bank, Doncaster Metal Trades (Heavy) Y HSY5330 Balby Carr School, Balby, Doncaster School Y

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Allocation Reference: 533 Area (Ha): 13.20 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5263 0785 Site Name: Brodsworth Colliery Settlement: Adwick le Street/Woodlands

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Negligible Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation No archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - 1 Listed Building - 13 SMR record/event 1 event 4 records/11 events Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Extensive n/a

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Allocation Reference: 533 Area (Ha): 13.20 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5263 0785 Site Name: Brodsworth Colliery Settlement: Adwick le Street/Woodlands

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records one event within the site, which relates to a watching brief at the northern end of the site, during which a number of cropmarks of unknown date were observed along with 20th-century deposits. Within the buffer, four monuments are recorded. To the east of the site, immediately outside the site boundary, is the Scheduled Monument of the Roman Ridge Roman Road, which forms part of the military route from Lincoln to York. To the west of the Roman road is a findspot of a Roman coin, and Romano-British enclosures are field systems are recorded to the northwest of the site. Within the eastern part of the buffer is the area of Woodlands Colliery Village, a model village constructed in the early 20th century for miners at the nearby Brodsworth Colliery. The SMR also records 11 events within the buffer, mostly located to the north of the site. These all relate to investigations recording areas of Romano-British field boundaries and rectilinear enclosures, possibly forming a 'ladder settlement' arrangement, provisionally dated to between the 1st and 2nd centuries AD. There is one Scheduled Monument within the buffer, the Roman road. This is located to the immediate east of the site boundary, aligned roughly northwest to southeast. There are 13 listed buildings within the buffer, all of which are grade II listed, and all of which relate to the post-medieval/industrial development of the area. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project does not record any features within the site. Within the buffer, fragmentary traces of Iron Age/Roman field boundaries are present to the northwest of the site. To the extreme west of the buffer, traces of levelled post-medieval ridge and furrow are recorded. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the majority of the site and the southern area of the buffer as reclaimed the coal mine of Brodsworth Colliery, a landscaped former coal mine now regenerating as meadows and woodlands. The colliery closed in 1990 and there is partial legibility of this former extractive site. A small northern section of the site is recorded as a modern scrap yard with no legibility of the earlier surveyed enclosure landscape. The east and north-east of the buffer are characterised as a planned social housing estate at Woodlands colliery village, built to Percy Bond Houfton's geometric designs after the principles of the garden suburb movement. To the north-west of the site is the Redhouse Interchange character area, a commercial development of sheds with no legibility of the former enclosed fields. The site currently comprises meadows and small patches of woodland with several intercutting pathways. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: On the 1851 OS map, the site is shown as several irregularly-shaped several fields, with footpaths at the northern and southern ends. The general area within the site is marked as Terry Holt. Many of the field boundaries contain hedges and trees. By 1892, a narrow strip at the eastern end of the site was wooded, which had extended by 1906. By 1930, Brodsworth Colliery had been constructed across the majority of the site, with only a small area of land to the north left undeveloped. The Colliery was still present on the 1982 map but closed in 1990 and the land has since been reclaimed and is regenerating as meadows and woodlands. Within the buffer, in 1851 the majority of the area comprised fields. The Roman road is clearly marked on all the historic OS maps. A small limestone quarry is marked to the north of the site, on the northern side of Long Lands Lane, and an east/west aligned track, marked Underhills Lane, is present to the south of the site, which turns into a footpath at the eastern end of the site and joins with the Roman road. By 1930, a water works had been built to the north of the site, and to the east, a housing estate had been constructed to house colliery workers. By 1961, further houses had been constructed to the north-east of the site. Survival: Due to the presence of Brodsworth Colliery over the vast majority of the site, the potential for the survival of unrecorded buried archaeology in the southern and central areas of the site is considered to be low. The only relatively undisturbed area is a small part of the northern tip of the site, adjacent to Long Lane, which has

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previously been subject to an archaeological watching brief. The main part of the site appears to have been re- graded following demolition of the buildings. It is not known to what extent sub-surface remains of the colliery buildings survive, and how much ground levels have been raised during the landscaping activities. Further investigations: Further consideration of the setting of the Roman Ridge road Scheduled Monument may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Archaeological mitigation has previously been undertaken in the only undisturbed part of the site, therefore further archaeological fieldwork is unlikely to be required. Significance: Negligible.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: The northern area of the site contained a scrap yard in 2002, and the southern area of the site was still scarred with traces of the previous colliery, with much of the land undergoing reclamation, either being stripped or re- graded. By 2008, the majority of the land to the south was vegetated with grass and areas of trees, with intercutting footpaths, and the area to the north had been cleared of the scrap yard and vegetated with grass and trees. The site has remained much the same since. The extent of the 19th- and early 20th-century colliery on the site is visible within the Lidar data. No earthworks associated with the Iron Age to Roman cropmarks within the buffer zone could be identified in the Lidar data. Photograph references: Google Earth images 2002, 2003, 2007, 2008. Lidar data file SE 5207 DTM 1m. RAF/CPE/UK/1879 1108 06-Dec-1946; SE5208/2 NMR 723/202-203 09-Jul-1974; SE5208/38 NMR 17570/37 02- Jul-2001.

Statutory Designations Reference Name Designation/ Site? Buffer? ID Grade 1003672 Roman Ridge, Roman road, NW of Doncaster SM Y 1151481 26-32, Green Lane II Y 1151482 34-38, Green Lane II Y 1151483 17-19, Quarry Lane II Y 1151484 45 and 47, The Crescent II Y 1151485 65 and 67, The Crescent II Y 1151486 64 and 66, The Crescent II Y 1151514 Church of All Saints II Y 1151515 2-8, Central Avenue II Y 1191659 33 and 35, The Crescent II Y 1191695 73 and 75, The Crescent II Y 1191756 Woodside Cottages II Y 1286947 49-53, The Crescent II Y 1314857 23 and 25, West Avenue II Y

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SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 02816/01 Roman Coin, Roman coin found in March 1986 adjacent to the Roman rigg. Y Adwick-le-Street 03039/01 'Roman Ridge', Stretches of Roman road used recently as a bridle path. It Y Roman Road at would have been the main Roman road from Doncaster Adwick le towards Castleford. Two phases of road were identified in Street/Bentley excavations undertaken ahead of the construction of Doncaster Bypass. Topographic survey in 2009 identified areas of surviving ridge (agger). 04432/01 Woodlands Colliery Model village constructed in the early 20th century for miners Y Village at the nearby Brodsworth Colliery. 04915 Roman Road; Suggested Roman road following the original line of military Y Bawtry to Adwick advance from Lincoln towards York, entering South Yorkshire Le Street via in the south-east at Bawtry, travelling north-west through Doncaster Doncaster and Adwick Le Street and then on towards Castleford. 05639 Romano-British A number of enclosures, a track or droveway and a field Y enclosures and system, arranged in a rectilinear form, were identified from field system, aerial photography. The location and survival of these remains Redhouse Park, were confirmed by geophysical survey and excavation. Several Adwick-le-Street enclosures containing pits, possible roundhouses and a beam slot for a rectangular building were excavated. The enclosures and droveway formed a 'ladder' type arrangement, embedded within a coaxial field system. ESY337 Trial Trench In September and October 1996 an archaeological evaluation Y Evaluation at was undertaken. The trenches were positioned above features Adwick Le Street previous identified from a geophysical survey. A number of enclosures were located and investigated. ESY340 Geophysical Survey In 1995 a geophysical survey was undertaken at Adwick Le Y at Adwick Le Street Street. The survey located a number of features previously identified on aerial photographs including field systems, an enclosure and double-ditched 'droveway'. ESY342 Geophysical Survey In June and September 2000 a geophysical survey was Y at Adwick Le Street undertaken at Adwick Le Street. The results complement previous investigations and show an extensive area of linear boundaries with possible rectilinear enclosures. ESY343 Excavation of Between October and December 2004 an excavation was Y Enclosure 8 on conducted at Redhouse Farm on an enclosure identified in Land at Redhouse previous investigations. The area was characterised as a Farm Romano-British sub-rectangular enclosure linked to additional features forming a 'ladder settlement' arrangement. A number of finds were recovered including Romano-British grey wares with a small percentage of red oxidised wares and black burnished wares. The pottery is provisionally dated to between the 1st and 2nd centuries AD. ESY357 Palaeo- In January 2002 a bore hole survey was undertaken at the Y Environmental former Brodsworth Colliery. The results indicated that the Sampling at the lower peats were laid down between 410 BC and 370 BC with Former Brodsworth the upper peats dating to between AD 770 and AD 960. Colliery ESY358 Watching brief at In 2008 a watching brief was conducted at the former Y Y the Former Brodsworth Colliery. A number of cropmarks of unknown date Brodsworth Colliery were observed along with 20th century deposits. ESY986 Survey of Roman Measured and photographic survey of archaeological and Y Ridge Cycle path

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route modern features along path of cycle route ESY1144 Watching brief on Watching brief on topsoil stripping of the site of Unit 6, Y site of Unit 6, Redhouse, Adwick le Street (part of field system north and Redhouse, Adwick west of Enclosure 8 excavated in 2004 - thought to be Iron Age le Street in origin but principally Romano-British in date). ESY1145 Watching brief on Watching brief on topsoil stripping of the site of Unit 2, Y site of Unit 2, Redhouse, Adwick le Street (Enclosure 6 and elements of the Redhouse, Adwick surrounding field system - thought to be Iron Age in origin but le Street principally Romano-British in date) ESY1407 Evaluation 7 trenches excavated along a section of the Roman Ridge Y trenching at Roman Roman Road between Sunnyfields and Red House. At the Ridge Roman Road, southern part of the investigated area limestone rubble Adwick le Street, possibly representing a former road surface was recorded. Doncaster Several of the trenches failed to find remains of the road due to disturbance caused by Brodsworth Colliery. The presumed line of the road may need to be re-evaluated in the southern portion, where a nearby and parallel bank may represent the true road route.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4891 Site of Pit Head, Brodsworth Colliery, Reclaimed Coal Mine Y Y Doncaster HSY5722 Long Lands Lane, Doncaster Metal Trades (Support) Y Y HSY4154 Redhouse Interchange, Brodsworth, Doncaster Warehousing Y HSY4160 Spoil tips, Former Brodsworth Main Colliery, Reclaimed Coal Mine Y Brodsworth, Doncaster HSY4161 Pickburn Leys, Brodsworth, Doncaster Surveyed Enclosure Y (Parliamentary/ Private) HSY4892 The Park, Woodlands, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY4893 Woodlands Park, Woodlands, Doncaster Private Parkland Y HSY4894 Woodlands (North of Church), Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY4895 Churches and other public buildings, Religious (Worship) Y Woodlands, Doncaster HSY4905 Woodlands (north), Adwick upon Street, Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Doncaster

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Allocation Reference: 567 Area (Ha): 1.11 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SK 6721 9988 Site Name: Land at Station Road, Blaxton Settlement: Blaxton

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

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Allocation Reference: 567 Area (Ha): 1.11 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SK 6721 9988 Site Name: Land at Station Road, Blaxton Settlement: Blaxton

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments or events within the site. One monument is recorded within the buffer zone, the assumed location of Finningley light anti-aircraft gun emplacement, although the exact location is unknown. There are no Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings within the site or the buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project does not record any features within the site or the buffer zone. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as part of a sewage works, first depicted on the 1948 OS map, with no legibility of the former Parliamentary Enclosure fields. Character zones within the buffer comprise a variety of modern housing, a recreation ground, an airport, agglomerated fields and surveyed enclosure. The site comprises a thin strip of land, with a large industrial building to the south and small industrial buildings to the north. To the south is a railway line and a modern housing estate and to the west is Station Road. The main settlement of Blaxton is situated to the north, outside of the buffer zone. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: On the 1854 OS map the site is shown as a part of a single field. By 1946 two buildings were located on the site, one larger one which was located at the southern site boundary, and a smaller one to the northeast. By 1956 another small building had been added to the northwest of the larger one. The 1962 map shows the small building to the northeast of the main buildings as four separate buildings. In 1985 the large building is labelled Works, the building to the northwest of it is labelled Tank, and a new building was present at the north-western end of the site, labelled Sewage Pumping Unit. By 1854, the majority of the buffer zone remained undeveloped fields. Blaxton Balk was present to the west of the site, and a small area of trees named Richardson’s Wood was present to the east. By 1855, the Great Northern and Great Eastern Joint Railway had been established to the south of the site. Finningley Station was located to the immediate southwest of the site, along with some other small buildings, likely to be dwellings. A pub and a villa had also been constructed to the south of the site by this time. By 1946, development had occurred on Blaxton Balk immediately to the west of the site. These are unlabelled but judging from their size are probably dwellings and by 1964, two cul-de-sacs had been constructed off the eastern side of Blaxton Balk, around these dwellings. By 1956 a building had been constructed to the south of the site, immediately outside the site boundary, with two small railway lines leading from it to the main line, just to the south. By 1985 Blaxton Balk had been renamed Station Road and some works were marked immediately to the south of the railway line. Survival: Although some buildings have been shown to exist on the site from historic mapping, the majority of the site has remained undeveloped since 1854. As such, the potential for survival of buried archaeological remains within the site is considered to be moderate. Further investigations: Further investigation at the site may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first century aerial photographs show the large building at the south end of the site, first shown on the 1946 map, to still be present, along with the smaller structure to the northwest and the structure labelled as a Sewage Pumping Unit on the 1985 map. The structure to the northeast of the main building is no longer present. The majority of the site is used as storage for what appear to be large lorries. Images from Google Street View show the large building on the site, first depicted on the 1946 map, as barrel- shaped and constructed out of corrugated metal. The size, shape and material of the building (and the building to the immediate south in Site 317) is indicative of an aircraft hangar; it is possible that these structures were re- used from the nearby Finningley Airbase. The sign on the building from the most recent images (2008) reads G. Earnshaw Ltd. Haulage and Storage. No earthwork features of archaeological interest are visible in the Lidar data. Photograph references: Google Earth images 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2015. Google Street View 2008. Lidar data file SK6799.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 04719 Finningley Light A Second World War light anti aircraft gun emplacement at Y Anti Aircraft Gun Finningley. The exact location is not known. Emplacement

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4531 Finningley, Auckley & Blaxton Commons, Surveyed Enclosure Y Doncaster (Parliamentary/ Private) HSY4644 Doncaster Sheffield Airport, Finningley, Airport Y Doncaster HSY4782 Wroot Road, Finningley, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y HSY4783 Wroot Road, Finningley, Doncaster Regenerated Scrubland Y HSY4784 Station Road, Blaxton, Doncaster Utilities Y Y HSY4786 Mosham Road, Blaxton, Doncaster Agglomerated fields Y HSY5955 Recreation Ground, Finningley, Doncaster Playing Fields/ Recreation ground Y HSY5965 New housing south of Blaxton, Doncaster Villas/ Detached Housing Y HSY5970 Housing north of Finningley level crossing, Semi-Detached Housing Y Finningley, Doncaster HSY5971 Station and Station Inn, Finningley, Doncaster. Train Station Y

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Allocation Reference: 569 Area (Ha): 15.07 Allocation Type: Housing/Employment NGR (centre): SE 5631 1312 Site Name: Askern Saw Mills, High St, Askern Settlement: Askern

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Negligible Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation No archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event 1 event 3 events Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest Yes Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Extensive n/a

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Allocation Reference: 569 Area (Ha): 15.07 Allocation Type: Housing/Employment NGR (centre): SE 5631 1312 Site Name: Askern Saw Mills, High St, Askern Settlement: Askern

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records one event within the southwest part of the site, a trial trench evaluation at land off Doncaster Road, which established that the whole area evaluated appeared to have been affected by landfill, with no archaeological remains revealed. Two events are recorded within the buffer: a topographic survey at Sutton Common to the immediate south of the site, and a trial trench evaluation off Market Place towards the northern end of the buffer, which revealed no remains of archaeological interest. Two Scheduled Iron Age enclosures at Sutton Common are located 400m to the south of the buffer. These sites had excellent levels of preservation of organic remains, and represent settlement on raised ground within a marsh environment, with evidence for activity from the Mesolithic period onwards, the enclosures being constructed during the 4th century BC. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are recorded within the site or buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project did not record any features within the site. In the western part of the buffer, the site of Askern Main Colliery and spoil heaps was recorded, whilst post-medieval ridge and furrow cultivation remains were recorded as cropmarks to the east of the site. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as an industrial area, with the principal complex being a sawmill, and much of the rest of the polygon being scrub vegetation on land previously used for tipping. A small portion at the northern tip of the site extends into an area characterised as Askern Lake public park. The lake may be a naturally-formed water body in an area historically subject to waterlogging, and may have been landscaped during the spa town phase in the 18th to 19th centuries. Further character zones within the buffer include the urban commercial core of Askern to the northwest, which defines the likely extent of the medieval settlement, though most of the current buildings date to the 20th-century redevelopment associated with the colliery; the site of Askern Main Colliery to the west, sunk in 1911 and demolished after 2003; planned miners' housing estates to the west and northeast; miners' welfare sports grounds and allotments to the southwest, and drained wetland/surveyed enclosure at Sutton Common, Askern Common and Rushy Moor to the south and east. The northern half of the site is currently an industrial estate, with industrial buildings including a saw mill and areas of hardcore surfacing used for parking and storage. The southern part of the site is rough grass and scrub. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 map showed the site as an area called Askern Mather, which included Mather Pits in the northern part. This area contained an irregularly-shaped pond, which could be an old gravel pit. Mather Dike ran through the centre of the site and along the southern edge. To the south of the dike, the site was depicted as part of several fields, including irregularly-shaped enclosures at the western side, and larger, rectangular fields in the east. The southern end was bounded by the Stream Dike. In 1892, the northern part of the site appeared to be laid out as an area of parkland associated with South Parade Baths, with a scenic walk and seats depicted. A pump was shown at the end of the walk, and a sulphur 'spa well' labelled in this location by 1906. Some field boundaries had been removed in the southern part of the site by the latter date. Much of the site was labelled 'liable to floods' in 1932, with rough pasture and marsh shown around the edges. The southwest end was part of a miners' recreation ground. The spa well was still labelled in 1956, but had gone by 1961, when a depot was shown to the north of the Mather Pits. Ground levels had been raised across the southwest edge, possibly due to tipping of colliery waste, and the sports ground had reduced in size and was outside the site boundary. The depot had been replaced by a saw mill and electronics works by 1977, with a large area to the south, in the former Mather Pits area, shown as a refuse tip. The pond had been reduced to a very small area by that date, and a depot was shown in the area of the former spa well. The pond was no longer shown in 1986, and the whole area to the north of the Mather Drain appeared to be part of the industrial estate, with the area to the south shown as a refuse tip, covering all but the southwest edge of the site by 1990. The Mather Dike was no longer shown running through

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the site at that date. Within the buffer, the 1854 map showed the core of Askern to the north, including several hotels. Askern Lake and a post office were located to the north of the site, and numerous spa baths were depicted to the east of High Street, the South Parade Baths being to the immediate west of the site. Small limestone quarries and a gravel pit were shown to the west of the site. The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway ran through the buffer to the east of the site. In 1892 a ridge known as Askern Hill was shown to the west. In 1906, and a 'spa hydropathic establishment' was shown within Askern Settlement, becoming the Miners' Welfare Institute by 1932. The South Parade Baths had become a rug works and railway sidings associated with Askern Main Colliery were shown in the western part of the buffer, with spoil tipping to the west of the sidings. The pit-head buildings were outside the buffer to the northwest. Housing had been built to the west of the site as part of the Instoneville colliery village. By 1961, a 'progressive club' was shown to the west of the site, fronting onto High Street, and a playing field was shown to the northwest, between the site and the railway line, with some ground levels apparently raised in this area. A police station was shown to the west in 1977, and a warehouse had been built on the former recreation ground to the southwest by 1990. Survival: The majority of the site appears to have been used for tipping in the late 20th century, possibly with colliery spoil deposited to raise ground levels in an area that was subject to flooding. The northern half of the site has also had industrial buildings and depots constructed within it during this period, though the extent of sub-surface disturbance caused by these structures is unclear. An archaeological evaluation in the southwest edge of the site, the area not shown as covered by refuse in 1990, indicated that the whole area had been impacted by the deposition of landfill, and no archaeological remains were found. It is likely that this is the case across the site, and the potential for the recovery of unrecorded archaeological remains is considered to be low. Further investigations: No further archaeological investigations are likely to be required if the site is allocated for development. Significance: Negligible.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: The 2002 aerial photograph shows industrial works and depots covering the majority of the site, with hardcore surfacing around modern industrial sheds. The southwest side of the site was rough grass and scrub vegetation, with colliery spoil visible in bare patches of ground. A square pond was shown at the centre-west part of the site. By 2008, an area at the southern tip of the depot had reverted to grass vegetation, though a works building was still shown within this area. There is no Lidar data for this site. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage 2002, 2008, 2009 & 2015. RAF/541/31 3407 18-May-1948; SE5513/2 CCX 14249/6 16-Sep-1992.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID ESY138 Topographic Survey Topographic Survey carried out in 1989 and 1990. It is unclear Y at Sutton Common from the sources what data was gathered in 1989 since the 1989 and 1990 resulting contour plan is dated 1990. ESY499 Archaeological In January 2006 a programme of trial trenching was Y Evaluation on land undertaken on land near Market Place. No archaeological off Market Place remains were revealed.

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ESY500 Field Evaluation on In 1996 a programme of trial trenching was undertaken on Y Y land off Doncaster land adjacent to Doncaster Road in Askern. It appears that the Road whole area under assessment had been affected by landfill, or the activities associated with landfill. No features or finds of any archaeological interest were made in any of the trenches.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY364 Askern Mather / Sawmill Other Industry Y Y HSY365 Askern Lake Public Park Y Y HSY331 Askern Main Colliery site Deep Shaft Coal Mine Y HSY353 Sutton Common Drained Wetland Y HSY354 Askern Town Centre Commercial Core-Urban Y HSY357 Terraced Housing Instonville, Askern Terraced Housing Y HSY358 Early social housing in Instonville, Askern Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY359 Askern Miners Welfare Grounds Playing Fields/ Recreation ground Y HSY363 Allotment Gardens, Instoneville (2) Allotments Y HSY372 Askern Common planned estate Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY4333 Burghwallis Common / Rushy Moor, Owston, Surveyed Enclosure Y Doncaster (Parliamentary/ Private) HSY4370 Former Askern Common, Askern, Doncaster Drained Wetland Y

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Allocation Reference: 588 Area (Ha): 0.14 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6822 1333 Site Name: Land off Lock Lane, Thorne Settlement: Thorne Moorends

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - 1 SMR record/event - 3 records/1 event Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Partial n/a

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Allocation Reference: 588 Area (Ha): 0.14 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6822 1333 Site Name: Land off Lock Lane Settlement: Thorne Moorends

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments or events within the site. Three monuments and one event are recorded within the buffer zone. One of the monuments is also a listed building, Settings Farmhouse. The other monuments are the site of Thorne Old Hall and the surviving section of a bank associated with Vermyden’s drainage programme in the early 17th century. The event comprised an archaeological recording project on remains of a shipyard and wharf features at Union Road. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are located within the site. One grade II listed building is recorded within the buffer zone, the timber-framed Settings Farmhouse. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the site and the immediate grounds within the buffer zone as terraced housing, first depicted in 1891, and including some later residences and industrial buildings. There is no legibility of the previous surveyed enclosure landscape. Character zones within the buffer include an area characterised as private housing, developed since 2001 on the site of an early 19th century shipyard. The shipyard area appears to have been converted from common land to a strict new enclosure layout by the enclosure award of 1825. The site includes three structures/workshops, it appears to have been maintained as a yard. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1853 map depicts the site as located within a field immediately east of Sluice Lane. This is one of a number of fields extending south, away from the housing along Back Street (now Queen Street). The site itself was not developed until between 1967-76, at which stage it became a builder’s yard containing three structures. The site is now derelict. Within the buffer zone the 1853 map depicts Sluice Common to the west of the site. To the south Thorne Union Workhouse is depicted along with Ship Ford. To the north, the site of Old Hall and garden are recorded, located at the northern end of Sluice Lane. By 1892 terraced housing (labelled Christmas Terrace) had developed along the west side of Sluice Lane, opposite the site. Thorne Lock and general details of the Ship Yard are clearly mapped at this date. The Thorne Union Workhouse had been converted to the Poor Law Institution by 1932, and further terrace development had taken place along the west side of Sluice Lane. Survival: The site is likely to have been cultivated since its enclosure in the early 19th century until its gradual development in the mid-20th century. This may have impacted upon the preservation of any below-ground remains through truncation. The development of the builder’s yard, in particular the construction of three structures on the site is also likely to have impacted on any below-ground archaeological remains, though the extent of disturbance is dependent on the scale of the foundations laid. The potential for the survival of buried archaeology below the zone impacted by ploughing and construction is considered to be moderate. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation is likely to be required if this site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first century aerial photographs show the site as a yard containing three structure/possible workshops. The site overgrown, possibly derelict. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage, 2002, 2008 & 2009.

Statutory Designations Reference Name Designation/ Site? Buffer? ID Grade 1314818 Settings Farmhouse II Y

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 00321/01 Site of Thorne Old Old Hall, which bore the date '1573', pulled down in 1860. Site Y Hall now a building estate. 01539/01 Medieval Timber Timber framed building, The Settings, Queen Street, Thorne - 2 Y Framed House, The posts with tiebeam and braces survive in west side brick Settings, Queen workshop. Street, Thorne 04556/01 Ashfield Bank Post- Post-medieval flood bank. Built as part of Cornelius Y Medieval Flood Vermuyden's project to drain Hatfield Chase, commissioned in Bank, Stainforth 1626. Approximately 2 miles remain of the original 6 mile bank which would have extended from Stainforth to Turnbridge. ESY259 Archaeological In April 1999 a programme of archaeological recording was Y Recording at Union undertaken at Union Road in Thorne. This recorded the site of Road the Boating Dyke, Dunston's Shipyard buildings & features; a dry dock and rope walk, all dating to the 19th and 20th centuries.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY5631 Sluice Lane, Thorne, Doncaster Terraced Housing Y Y HSY4454 Huddle Grounds / Stainforth Ings, Doncaster Drained Wetland Y HSY4456 Golf Course, South West of Thorne, Doncaster. Golf Course Y HSY4649 King Edward Road, Thorne, Doncaster Terraced Housing Y HSY4651 Durham Avenue and Foster Road, Thorne, Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Doncaster HSY5602 Historic 'burgage' core, Thorne, Doncaster Vernacular Cottages Y HSY5604 Site of former Shipyard, Thorne, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y HSY5605 Thorne Union Workhouse (Sea Cadets), Workhouse/ Orphanage /Children's Y Thorne, Doncaster Home HSY5608 Ashburn Road, Thorne, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y HSY5624 The Delves Fishponds, Thorne, Doncaster Artificial Lake Y

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HSY5625 20th century infill to the western end of 'Field Private Housing Estate Y Side', Thorne, Doncaster HSY5627 Stanilands and Blue Water Marinas, Thorne, Canal or River Wharf Y Doncaster HSY5630 Sluice Common, Thorne, Doncaster Surveyed Enclosure Y (Parliamentary/ Private) HSY5661 Queens Court, Thorne, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y

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Allocation Reference: 601 Area (Ha): 41.41 Allocation Type: Housing/Employment NGR (centre): SE 5926 0563 Site Name: Former McCormick Tractors Intl, Wheatley Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event 1 record 2 records Cropmark/Lidar evidence Yes Yes Cartographic features of interest Yes Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Partial n/a

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Allocation Reference: 601 Area (Ha): 41.41 Allocation Type: Housing/Employment NGR (centre): SE 5926 0563 Site Name: Former McCormick Tractors Intl, Wheatley Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records one monument within the site and one findspot within the buffer zone. The monument is Wheatley Hall Park, an ornamental landscape park associated with Wheatley Hall, which was built in 1683 and demolished in 1938. The park covered 103 acres by 1854, and included pleasure grounds to the north of the hall and the main landscape park to the south and southeast. The sites of the hall, the hall farm and the pleasure grounds (‘The Grove’) all lie within the site. The findspot was of a Roman coin, though its location is poorly provenanced and it may not have come from within the buffer. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are recorded within the site or buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded a small area of ridge and furrow remains at the southeast edge of the site and further earthwork ridge and furrow to the east within the buffer. These were recorded from a photograph dating to 1950, and the areas have since been developed. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the eastern part of the site as an area of mixed industrial use, including the main plant of a tractor works (now demolished), as well as smaller works and yards. Most of this area was developed in the mid-20th century and there is no legibility of the former character of regular fields enclosed by Parliamentary Award in 1771. The western side of the site is also industrial works, including more of the tractor works, on the site of the former Wheatley Park, briefly used as golf course in the early 20th century. Within the centre of this area is a further polygon, of the same present character but marking the site of the former Wheatley Hall, built in 1683, probably on the site of an earlier manor house. Wheatley Farm, to the east of the hall, was also within this polygon, and was shown on the 1854 map. One farm building survived at the time of the HEC project, but may have since been demolished. Other character zones within the buffer include drained wetland at Bentley Ings to the north of the Don, a retail park and social housing estates to the southeast, a sewage works to the east, and a sports ground to the southwest. The majority of the site is currently vacant land cleared of works buildings, with an area of rough grass and scrub to the northeast and some surviving works buildings or warehouses in the southwest part of the site. The northern boundary is formed by the River Don, and the southern boundary by Wheatley Hall Road. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 map shows the western part of the site containing Wheatley Hall at its western end, with Wheatley Farm to the east. The hall was surrounded by pleasure grounds called 'The Grove'. The eastern part of the site was several fields, with Don Bank Plantation in the northeast tip. The old course of the River Don ran through the northern side of the site, on a more meandering course than the Don New Cut to the north. An area labelled 'Wheatley Ford' to the northeast of the farm, may be an old river crossing place. The 1892 map showed a boat house at the point where the old and new courses of the river intersected, north of the farm. By 1907, some of the field boundaries within the eastern side of the site had been removed to create larger units. The 1930 map showed the boat house site as a sheepwash. The hall was still standing at that date, but had been demolished by 1939, when construction of Wheatley Hall Road had begun along the southern boundary of the site. The Grove and Wheatley Farm were still shown within the western part of the site, and the eastern part was still fields. By 1956, the eastern part of the site was occupied by three large works buildings, labelled Automobile Factory, whilst the western side contained numerous smaller buildings at the northern side and probable works buildings to the south, including five parallel narrow, linear buildings. A works railway ran along the southern edge of the site. The 1968 map showed the numerous small structures in the western side as set amongst trees within a grid- pattern track layout to the north, up to the edge of the Old River Don course. The layout suggests these may have been part of a barracks or similar military site established during the Second World War, but they are never labelled. The 1982-93 map showed the main factory buildings in the eastern half of the site, with a spoil heap or

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refuse dump to the northeast of the buildings. The smaller factory buildings to the south of the western part of the site were still shown, though the smaller buildings to the north had been demolished and new works buildings shown in their location. Loops of the old course of the River Don were still visible as watercourses, possibly ponds, at the northeast and northwest sides of the site. Within the buffer, the 1854 map showed Wheatley Park to the southwest of the site, and regular fields to the south and east. The River Don New Cut and a parallel channel called The Flood Drain ran to the immediate north of the site, with the Great Northern and Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire railway running roughly parallel to the north. In 1894 and 1906, an area of fields at the east of the buffer was labelled 'Sewage Farm', with no structures shown within it. The 1956 map showed the remnant of the Grove to the west of the site, and a sports ground east of it. Electrical Engineering and Clothing factories were shown to the south of Wheatley Hall Road and a large sewage works at the eastern edge of the buffer. By 1968, the Grove was no longer shown and the area was labelled 'Sports Field'. Allotment gardens were shown to the immediate east of the site at that date. Further development took place to the south of Wheatley Hall Road, including works and housing, by 1982. Survival: Some of the surviving works buildings on the site (in 2015) appear to date from the 1950s, and may be of some historic interest. The HEC record for the site states that one of the buildings of Wheatley Hall Farm survived within this area, but it has not been possible to establish this from the map and aerial evidence. The construction of the factories is likely to have had a substantial impact on buried remains, though the depth of disturbance across the site is unknown. There is the potential for the survival of buried remains associated with Wheatley Hall and Wheatley Farm within the western part of the site. The potential for earlier remains is unknown; the site contains the old course of the River Don, and is in an area that was liable to flooding in the historic period, and may not have been a suitable area for habitation. The location suggests that there is the potential for deep alluvial sequences, which could contain palaeoenvironmental and organic remains, as well as the potential for the preservation of palaeochannels, and remains of human activity associated with the exploitation of the riverine environment. A ford was recorded within the site on the 1854 map, and this may have been a long-established crossing point. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations are likely to be required if the site is allocated for development. This should include an assessment of the historic significance of any standing buildings remaining on the site. Significance: Unknown.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: The 2002 aerial photograph shows the site occupied by works buildings in a similar layout to the 1992 map, the buildings at the southwest side being the five parallel linear buildings first shown in 1956. The northeast tip of the site was shown as rough grass, with part of the area used for storage of materials. Loops of the old course of the River Don are shown at the northeast and northwest sides of the site. By 2009 some of the works buildings at the northern and eastern sides of the site had been demolished, and the 2015 image showed all of the central and eastern half cleared, with some of the 1950s buildings towards the southwest side still standing. Lidar data shows the course of the old River Don at the northeast and northwest corners of the site. The land at the northeast corner is shown as uneven and slightly raised, and may have been landscaped after the refuse dump was removed. The remainder of the site shows the outline of works buildings and the road network, but no other features of clear archaeological interest. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009 & 2015. Lidar data files SE5805, SE5905 and SE5906 DTM 1m. RAF/58/469 5026 02-Jun-1950.

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SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 01151/03 Wheatley Hall Park, The 1850's 6" O/S map shows the layout of the park in the Y Y Doncaster later stages of its history. Long driveway approach from lodge to south on Doncaster to Thorne road. House screened from road by strategic plantations. Pleasure grounds ('The Grove') slopes down to the river from north front of Hall. Public footpath running from end of Wheatley Lane, through park to south of Hall. 04317/01 Roman Coin, Bronze sesterce of Hadrian (Rome Mint, 132-4 AD). Y Doncaster

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY5174 Wheatley Hall Road, Wheatley Doncaster Other Industry Y Y HSY5176 Wheatley Hall Road, Wheatley, Doncaster Other Industry Y Y HSY5180 Wheatley Hall Road, Wheatley, Doncaster Other Industry Y HSY4425 Bentley Ings, Doncaster Drained Wetland Y HSY5127 Norwich Road, Wheatley, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5129 Truro Avenue, Wheatley, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5165 Wheatley Hall Retail Centre, Wheatley, Retail Park Y Doncaster HSY5173 Sandall Sewage Works, Wheatley Hall Road, Utilities Y Doncaster HSY5178 Wheatley Hall Road, Wheatley, Doncaster Sports Ground Y

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Allocation Reference: 616 Area (Ha): 5.78 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE5585 0501 Site Name: Doncaster Industry Park, Bentley Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Negligible Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation No archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event 1 record - Cropmark/Lidar evidence Yes Yes Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Extensive n/a

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Allocation Reference: 616 Area (Ha): 5.78 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE5585 0501 Site Name: Doncaster Industry Park, Bentley Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records one findspot within the site, a Roman coin; however, this is recorded in the text as being found at Toll Bar, Bentley, which is 3km to the north of the site, suggesting that the grid reference on the SMR record is incorrect. No monuments or events are recorded within the buffer. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are recorded within the site or buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded earthwork ridge and furrow within the site from a photograph of 1946; however, as the site has since been built on, these earthwork features do not survive. Further ridge and furrow earthworks were recorded within the buffer zone to the north and west of the site, and military buildings were shown in the southeast part of the buffer on a photograph from 1948. This area has also since been redeveloped. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site and the buffer to the north and south as an industrial estate within a triangle of land isolated from the surrounding countryside in the early 20th century and developed for industry between 1948 and 1966. There is no legibility of the former character of piecemeal enclosure from open field. Further character zones within the buffer comprise allotments to the northwest, 20th-century terraced housing, private and social housing estates to the north, east and southwest, playing fields and an industrial estate to the east, regenerated scrubland to the southeast, retail to the southwest, a small area of surviving piecemeal enclosures and a school to the west. The site is currently cleared, vacant ground formerly occupied by industrial buildings. It is bounded to the south by Watch House Lane, to the north and west by housing, and to the east by a disused railway line. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 map shows the site as part of an area of fields to the north of Watch House Lane. The fields were of fairly irregular shape suggestive of piecemeal enclosure, possibly from open fields. Between 1907 and 1930, the LNER Gowdall and Braithwell railway line was built along the eastern side of the site, cutting through the fields on a north-south alignment. By 1956, two industrial works buildings had been constructed in the southwest part of the site, with the northern area still shown as fields, with allotment gardens along the eastern side. Between 1971 and 1980, works were constructed at the northwest side of the site and further north within the buffer. This layout was unchanged in 1992, when the northeast side of the site was still shown as undeveloped. Within the buffer, the 1854 map shows the area as mainly fields, with Pipering Lane Plantation shown at the northern end, and the Great North Road running through the southwest edge. Railway lines had been constructed by 1930, with the LNER line mentioned above and a triangular junction between it and a mineral railway line to the south. Fields to the east and southeast of the site had been converted to allotment gardens by that date, with housing shown to the south of Watch House Lane. By 1948, Raymond Road had begun construction to the west of the site, with further housing along Watch House Lane and the southern buffer. Works or military buildings were shown to the southeast in 1956, and further works had been built to the south by 1966, when housing was shown in the northern buffer and to the west of the site, along Amersall Road. Survival: The site was developed over the second half of the 20th century with large works buildings. It is likely that the potential for the survival of buried archaeological remains is low. Further investigations: No further archaeological investigations are likely to be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Negligible.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: The 2002 aerial photograph showed that the northeast side of the site had been developed with further works buildings after 1992. The site was occupied by large ranges of works buildings with hard-surfaced parking and storage areas between the buildings. By 2008, the works to the north of the site had been demolished and the area redeveloped with housing, creating the current northern site boundary. The works within the site were still standing and apparently in use at that date. By 2015, all the buildings within the site had been demolished. Lidar data shows the building footprints, and no earthworks of archaeological interest. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009 & 2015. Lidar data file SE5408 & SE5505 DTM 1m. RAF/CPE/UK/1880 1074 06-Dec-1946; RAF/541/21 4146 15-May-1948; RAF/541/170 4143 21-Sep-1948.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 00658/01 Roman Coin, Roman Coin, Derius: Faustia. From garden of 10 Marton Road, Y Bentley Toll Bar, Bentley.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4940 Springcroft Drive, Scawthorpe, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY4944 Housing to the east of Amersall Road, Semi-Detached Housing Y Scawthorpe, Doncaster HSY4947 Allotment gardens, Bentley Rise, Doncaster Allotments Y HSY4948 Bentley Rise (Holly Avenue to Washington Terraced Housing Y Grove) HSY4953 Lauder Road, Bentley Rise, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY4954 Playing Fields near Queens Drive, Bentley, Playing Fields/ Recreation ground Y Doncaster HSY4962 Appleton Way, Bentley, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y HSY5081 Halifax Crescent, Raymond Rd, St Martins Ave, Semi-Detached Housing Y Cusworth Lane suburbs, Doncaster HSY5083 Doncaster Industry Park, Doncaster Other Industry Y Y HSY5084 Former Rail Interchange, Bentley, Doncaster Regenerated Scrubland Y HSY5156 Sunnyfields Primary School, Scawthorpe, School Y Doncaster HSY5157 Relict enclosures by York Road, Doncaster Piecemeal Enclosure Y HSY5158 Retail motor trade premises, York Bar, York Commercial Core-Suburban Y Road, Doncaster HSY5172 Watch House Lane, Bentley, Doncaster Other Industry Y

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Allocation Reference: 617 Area (Ha): 30.90 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5626 0287 Site Name: Land at Kirk St/Ramsden Rd/Eden Grove Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - 3 SMR record/event 1 record/1 event 8 records/2 events Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest Yes Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Partial n/a

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Allocation Reference: 617 Area (Ha): 30.90 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5626 0287 Site Name: Land at Kirk St/Ramsden Rd/Eden Grove Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records one monument and one event within the site: the monument was the former Crimpsall Repair Works, used for repairing railway carriages and locomotives, with the event relating to building recording of the works prior to their demolition. Five findspots and four monuments are recorded within the buffer: the finds were of Mesolithic to Bronze Age flints found at Newton, an early Bronze Age stone hammerhead; a Roman coin hoard found at an unspecified location; and two Roman flagons. The monuments comprised the site of Newton shrunken medieval settlement; an 18th- to 19th-century farmhouse complex; and an undated quarry. Two events were undertaken in the buffer zone: geophysical survey and fieldwalking at the supposed site of Norton SMV, and a watching brief at Crimpsall Sluice that demonstrated a substantial depth of alluvial deposits but did not identify any archaeological remains. There are no Scheduled Monuments within the site or the buffer zone. Three grade II listed buildings are recorded in the buffer, all associated with Doncaster Plant Works and located to the east of the site. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project did not record any features within the site. Iron Age or Roman boundary ditches and a post-medieval limestone quarry were recorded in the buffer zone. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the northeast half of the site as industrial in nature, relating to the Doncaster Plant Works, where locomotives were constructed and repaired. Although opened in 1853, this part of the works is first depicted on the 1903 OS map. The southwest part of the site is divided between an area of Regenerated Scrubland, probably previously used as pasture or meadows and likely to have fallen into disuse as the surrounding area became industrialised in the mid-20th century; and Eden Grove sports ground, opened in 1914 for the use of workers at the Doncaster Plant Works. Character zones within the buffer are defined as Valley Floor Meadows, Private Housing Estate, Agglomerated Fields, Allotments, Sports Ground, Terraced Housing, Religious, Prison, Farm Complex, Planned Estate (Social Housing), Civic & Municipal Buildings and Chemical. One area of historic landfill is recorded within the site, the Old Works site, used for dumping inert material. A further area of historic landfill is recorded within the buffer zone to the immediate west of the site, at Hexthorpe Allotments, with no information available. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The majority of the site was shown as Hexthorpe Ings on the 1854 OS map. ‘Ings’ were water meadows or meadows that were prone to flooding. Fields, footpaths, a lane, an orchard, Australia Gardens and two small islands with a connecting water channel were shown within the site at that date. Orchard House, a further orchard, several ‘stones’ and greenhouses were shown within the site on the 1892 map. The Great Yorkshire Railway Plant Works had been constructed in the eastern part of the site by 1902. These had been extended by 1930, when a cricket ground, an athletics ground, a bowling green, tennis courts and allotments were shown in the remainder of the site. A running track and a club had been built in the western part of the site by 1960. A marshy area and a spoilheap were shown in the northern part of the site in 1971. These were not shown on the 1984 OS map. Little further substantive change was shown within the site at that date. Numerous features were shown within the buffer zone on the 1854 OS map, including fields, the River Don and a towing path, Newton Gate Ferry, Newton Ings, the remains of a stone cross, a lime kiln and limestone quarry, Hexthorpe, Hexthorpe Reach, Hexthorpe House, Hexthorpe Lane, Cherry tree Station, a mineral office and the Union Workhouse. Crimpsall, a gas works, housing, Hexthorpe Brass Works, Lincoln Wagon Works and Hexthorpe Wagon Wheel Works were shown within the buffer in 1892. Home Lodge, a malthouse, Old Hexthorpe and a manor house were marked on the 1904 OS map, with The Dell, extensive housing, allotments and the extended LNER Locomotive & Carriage Works shown in 1930. Further housing was shown in 1948 and 1956, with a depot and greenhouses in 1961. Marshy areas, nursery gardens, a chapel and a sports ground and pavilion were shown

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in 1966. A power station, sports ground and settling ponds were shown within the buffer on the 1984 OS map. Survival: The construction of the 19th-century wagon works is likely to have impacted on sub-surface deposits within the footprint of the buildings. An area of historic landfill is recorded at the northern side of the site, though only a small area of spoil tip is recorded on the 1961 OS map. It is possible that the record may relate to material dumped to raise ground levels adjacent to the river, to prevent flooding of the works site. The southwest part of the site has had relatively little disturbance, though some truncation may have been caused by the creation of the sports pitches and club buildings. The potential for the survival of unrecorded buried archaeology in this area is considered to be moderate. There may also be the potential for deeply buried remains in alluvial deposits across the site. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first century aerial photographs show a large area of scrub in the northern part of the site, a sports pitch in the western part of the site and the surviving buildings and car parks of the Crimpsall Repair Works in the eastern part of the site. The site had been cleared by 2008, when landscaping works were being undertaken. No change is visible within the site on 2009 and 2015 aerial photographs. Lidar data shows some ground disturbance within the site and former tracks associated with the wagon repair works. Given the extensive landscaping within the site, this suggests that the lidar data was gathered prior to the landscaping works. Photograph references: Google Earth: 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009 and 2015. Bing Maps: 2015.

Statutory Designations Reference Name Designation/ Site? Buffer? ID Grade 1151419 Main engine shop to rear of original plant works building at II Y Doncaster Station 1314901 Original plant works building to south west of Doncaster Station II Y 1420744 E2 New Erecting Shop, Doncaster Plant Works II Y

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 00666/01 Early Bronze Age Stone Hammerhead. Early Bronze Age narrow butted Y Stone macehead found in 1947 near entrance to railway workshop in Hammerhead Campsall. 01016/01 Roman coin hoard Reference to 2 coin hoards "from Doncaster" - are of 52 Y found 1929 demarii and another of "120 coins from Wheatley Hills". 01855/01 2nd Century 2nd century flagon found in river gravel near plant works. Y Roman Flagon, Doncaster 02902/01 Newton Shrunken Newton Medieval shrunken village visible in a field east of the Y Medieval hamlet as a number of features that appear to be the remains

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Settlement, of house platforms. Sprotbrough 04201/01 18th - 19th Century 18th - 19th century farm complex. Y Farmhouse & outbuildings, Newton 04202/01 Quarry of Unknown A quarry of unknown date. Y Date near Newton, Sprotbrough 04311/01 Roman Flagon, Second century flagon found at plant railway works in 1963. Y Doncaster 05031 The Crimpsall Built in 1900-01 the Crimpsall Repair Works reflected the Y Repair Works, growth of Doncaster as a major centre for locomotive and Doncaster carriage works for the GNR. Much of the site has been cleared ahead of redevelopment. 05635 Mesolithic to Flint artefacts including Mesolithic microliths and microburins, Y Bronze Age flints Neolithic/Bronze Age side scrapers and a late Neolithic recovered during arrowhead were recovered during fieldwalking on the putative fieldwalking, site of Newton shrunken medieval village. Newton, Doncaster ESY526 Watching Brief at In December 1999 a watching brief was undertaken at Y Crimpsall Sluice Crimpsall Sluice. The results revealed deposits of alluvial material extending to a depth of 3.5m. No archaeological deposits were encountered during the excavations. ESY888 Building Recording The buildings were typical of their date and function. Building Y at Crimpsall Repair 1 was designed to provide an immense working space in which Works, Hexthorpe, to repair large engines and carriages, whilst Building 2 was Doncaster typical for an ancillary railway building such as offices and canteen. Both buildings have experienced a degree of alteration and modernisation, in particular building 2, resulting in a loss of historic character. All evidence for power transmission has, for instance, been lost in the main shed and many of the original features, such as the travelling cranes, have been modernised. However, the Crimpsall Repair Works bear testimony to Doncaster's railway heritage and the role of the railways in the development of the town in the late 19th and early 20th century. ESY1443 Geophysical survey Fieldwalking, resistivity and magnetometry surveys were Y and fieldwalking carried out on the putative site of the former medieval village east of Newton, of Newton. The geophysical surveys identified a possible Doncaster revetting wall, which may have provided stable ground for the house platforms. However, the feature could be a natural rock outcrop. An assemblage of residual prehistoric flints and medieval pottery of 12th-16th century date was recovered from the fieldwalking exercise.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4287 Sprotborough Ings, Sprotborough, Doncaster Valley Floor Meadows Y HSY4288 Land east of Sprotborough, Doncaster Agglomerated fields Y HSY5093 Suburban estates to the north of Newton, Private Housing Estate Y Doncaster HSY5701 Hexthorpe Reach, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Allotments Y HSY5703 Hexthorpe Ings, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Regenerated Scrubland Y Y

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HSY5704 Old Hexthorpe, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Allotments Y Y HSY5705 Eden Grove, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Sports Ground Y Y HSY5708 The Plant, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Other Industry Y Y HSY5713 The Plant, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Other Industry Y Y HSY5715 Ramsden Road, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Terraced Housing Y Y HSY5717 Plant Works, Doncaster Other Industry Y Y HSY5719 The Plant, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Other Industry Y Y HSY5720 The Plant, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Other Industry Y Y HSY5721 St. Jude's Church, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Religious (Worship) Y HSY5723 Marshgate Prison, Doncaster Prison Y HSY5777 Newton Ings, Newton , Doncaster Agglomerated fields Y HSY5781 Newton Lane, Newton, Doncaster Agglomerated fields Y HSY5782 Newton, Doncaster Farm Complex Y HSY5785 Shady Side, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Terraced Housing Y HSY5786 Windle Road, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Terraced Housing Y HSY5788 Hexthorpe, Doncaster Other Industry Y HSY5789 Travis Gardens, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Y HSY5790 Old Hexthorpe, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Y HSY5791 Wharncliffe Street, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5795 Bramworth Road, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Semi-Detached Housing Y HSY5806 Urban Road, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5807 Urban Road, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Civil & Municipal Buildings Y HSY5808 Hexthorpe Road, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Terraced Housing Y Y HSY5809 Bridge Street, Hexthorpe, Doncaster Chemical Y HSY5810 Hexthorpe Road. Hexthorpe, Doncaster Chemical Y

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Allocation Reference: 619 Area (Ha): 0.84 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5294 9448 Site Name: Land South of Cardwell Court, Braithwell Settlement: Braithwell

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Uncertain Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - 1 Listed Building - 13 SMR record/event - 8 records/2 events Cropmark/Lidar evidence No No Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Partial n/a

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Allocation Reference: 619 Area (Ha): 0.842 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SK 5294 9448 Site Name: Land South of Cardwell Court, Braithwell Settlement: Braithwell

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any events or monuments within the site. In the buffer, eight monuments and two events are recorded. To the north of the site, the monuments include a dovecote and a manor house, both of which are Grade II listed, and St James Church, which is Grade II* listed. The monuments to the east of the site include a medieval cottage, a medieval market cross (also a Scheduled Monument), two post-medieval farmhouses (one of which is Grade II listed) and an undated cropmark. The two events within the buffer are both archaeological watching briefs; one at St James Church, and one at Maltkiln farm. Little of archaeological interest was recorded at either site. There is one scheduled monument within the buffer zone, the market cross (mentioned above), located at the junction of Holywell Lane, High Street, Maltby Lane and Ashton Lane. There are 13 listed buildings within the buffer, all of which are located to the north and east of the site. To the north, in addition to the manor house, dovecote and church mentioned above, are three Grade II listed gravestones associated with St James Church, and a Grade II listed war memorial. To the east, in addition to the above-mention Grade II listed farmhouse is a milestone, a post-medieval farmhouse and associated gates, an old school house and a post-medieval house, all of which are Grade II listed. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project does not record any features within the site or the buffer. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site and the majority of the buffer as medieval to modern vernacular cottages. This character area contains limestone houses in the vernacular tradition dating to the 17th and 18th centuries, with some later infilling. Braithwell is an old settlement which is recorded as having a church and priest in the Domesday Book. Further character zones within the buffer include enclosed land of surveyed enclosure and strip fields to the west, with partial legibility of the former open field landscape; and a mix of detached and semi-detached housing, with fragmentary legibility of the former parliamentary enclosures. The site currently comprises waste ground, with several sheds situated to the south and east. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: On the 1854 OS map, the site is shown as a part of three fields, with trees in the western field. There is little change on the site until 1929, by which time a small building is present in the southern field, fronting on to Ashton Lane. By 1956 this building is no longer present. By 1985, a north-south aligned building had been constructed in the eastern half of the site, which had been demolished by 1994. At this time, a small building was present at the south of the site, off-set from Ashton Lane. Within the buffer, in 1854 the village of Braithwell was well-established to the north and east of the site. The manor house is marked to the north of the site, and to the west and south are fields. The location of the market cross is marked on the 1892 map. By 1962, houses had been constructed along Ashton Lane, to the immediate west of the site, with some additional development to the east of the site, off the High Street. By 1966, to the southeast of the site, a number of new buildings had been constructed off Braithwell Road. By 1985 Orchard House Farm had been constructed to the immediate north-east of the site, and there is little change in the buffer on the 1994 map. Cardwell Court and its associated houses, just outside the northern boundary of the site, were built by 1999. Survival: There have been a handful of buildings on the site since 1854, although these have been at the perimeter of the site and have not lasted long, suggesting they may have been temporary structures, perhaps sheds or agricultural buildings. Recent Google Earth images show the site to have been in use as allotments, with several structures which appear to be polytunnels. Beneath the level of impact of allotment activity and possible past ploughing

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activity on the site, the potential for the survival or previously unrecorded heritage assets is considered to be moderate to high. Further investigations: Given the proximity of the manor house and the medieval core of the village, further archaeological investigation is likely to be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first century aerial photographs show the site as allotments, with polytunnels at the eastern end of the site in 1999. The site remains much the same up until 2009. By 2015, the allotment gardens and polytunnels had been removed, with several structures which appear to be large sheds built at the southern and eastern ends of the site and the rest of the site appearing as waste ground. There is no available Lidar data for the site. Photograph references: Google Earth images 1999, 2002, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009.

Statutory Designations Reference Name Designation/ Site? Buffer? ID Grade 1011852 Standing cross at the junction of Holywell Lane with High Street, SM Y Maltby Lane and Ashton Lane 1151524 Village Cross (at junction with Holywell Lane and Maltby Lane) II Y 1151525 Milestone at junction with Ashton Lane and Maltby Lane II Y 1151526 Rotherwood II Y 1151527 Front gatepiers to the Old Hall farmhouse II Y 1151528 Headstone to Anne Brook situated approximately 11 metres to II Y south west of porch to Church of St James 1192598 "Hall Farmhouse, the Old Hall Farmhouse" II Y 1192646 Grave slab to Sheppard and Jubb Families situated immediately II Y south of aisle to Church of St James 1286514 Church of St James II* Y 1286526 Dovecote approximately 50 metres to west of Manor House II Y 1314836 Old School House (Now Braithwell Darby and Joan Club and WRVS II Y Rooms) 1314837 3 chest tombs situated approximately 6, 10 and 13 metres to II Y south west of porch to Church of St James sw of Porch of Church of St James 1314838 Manor House II Y 1389510 War Memorial at junction with Church Grove II Y 1011852 Standing cross at the junction of Holywell Lane with High Street, Y Maltby Lane and Ashton Lane

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SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 00126/01 Braithwell Village Medieval cross with an Inscription stating it was erected to Y Cross commemorate the gaining of freedom from bondage of Richard I in 1191. 00213/01 St. James Church, 12th century and later church. The crossing arches suggest Y Braithwell original 12th century central tower. 00216/01 Manor House, A supposedly "ancient" house with later restorations. The Y Braithwell 18th- to 19th-century north front appears to be the oldest part. 00216/02 Manor House Dovecote [no further details]. Y Dovecote and Horse Engine House, Braithwell 00449/01 Medieval Cottage, A 1 bay, cruck-built cottage, pebble-dashed with modern roof Y High Street, and windows, virtually a unique survival for this area. Braithwell 01148/01 Orchard House Farmhouse, 16th century date with alterations. Y Farm, High Street, Braithwell 02224/01 Hall Farm House Hall Farm, Braithwell, stone house with '1683' datestone with Y and Cottage, 3 storey north wing dated '1721'. Small cottage to south Braithwell incorporated traces of earlier structure. 02492/01 Unclassified Unclassified cropmark of unknown date. Y Cropmark, Braithwell ESY380 Watching Brief at In May 2005 a watching brief was conducted at Maltkiln Farm Y Maltkiln Farm during the demolition. A disused cellar probably of 19th century date was uncovered. ESY1001 St James Church, Watching brief on 2 tree pits Y Braithwell, Churchyard

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY5843 Braithwell, Doncaster Vernacular Cottages Y Y Braithwell, Doncaster Strip Fields Y HSY4169 Surveyed Enclosure Y HSY4170 Braithwell, Doncaster (Parliamentary/ Private) HSY5835 Doncaster Road, Braithwell, Doncaster Villas/ Detached Housing Y HSY5839 Manor Farm Cottages, Braithwell, Doncaster Semi-Detached Housing Y HSY5841 Birchwood Gardens, Braithwell, Doncaster Semi-Detached Housing Y HSY5842 St. James, Braithwell, Doncaster Religious (Worship) Y HSY5844 Ashton Lane, Braithwell, Doncaster Semi-Detached Housing Y HSY5845 Holywell Crescent, Braithwell, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y

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Allocation Reference: 622 Area (Ha): 0.16 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6296 0463 Site Name: Land at Direct Fireplaces Ltd, Tranmore Lane Settlement: Armthorpe

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Negligible Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation No archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event 1 record 2 records Cropmark/Lidar evidence No No Cartographic features of interest No - Estimated sub-surface disturbance Extensive n/a

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Allocation Reference: 622 Area (Ha): 0.16 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6296 0463 Site Name: Land at Direct Fireplaces Ltd, Tranmore Lane Settlement: Armthorpe

Site assessment Known assets/character: SMR records one monument within the site and buffer, and one findspot within the buffer. The site and part of the buffer lie within the likely extent of the medieval village of Armthorpe. Within the southern part of the buffer, at Tranmoor Lane, is the findspot of a Roman coin dated to 117-138 AD. No Scheduled Monuments or Listed Buildings are recorded within the site or the buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project did not record any features within the site or the buffer. The Historic Landscape Characterisation records the character of the site and part of the buffer as a planned social housing estate, predominantly semi-detached housing probably constructed for the local authority in the 1940s to 1960s, with no legibility of former characters. South of the estate is a school, established in 1982, and a further planned housing estate of 1970s date. The north of the buffer comprises two further planned housing estates; one built in the early 20th century to a geometric design to house colliery workers at the nearby Markham Main, the other predominantly semi-detached housing constructed in the 1970s. Directly to the west of the site is an area of villas/detached housing, with gardens appearing to be a series of early allotments. Further to the west is the Miners Welfare Ground playing fields, established c.1924, with Armthorpe urban core to the northwest. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 OS map depicts the site as within an area known as Pittam Gardens which comprises small piecemeal enclosures and strip fields which may have been used as allotments. The 1894 OS map indicates that a Smithy was located on the site and by 1907 a series of buildings had been constructed along the edge of Tranmoor Lane, possibly associated with the Smithy. The 1948 map depicts a further building, labelled Club, in the south of the site. By 1968 the site has been surrounded by planned social housing and development and development had begun in Pittam Gardens to the west, with further development of the surrounding area by 1975. Within the site itself, the early 20th century buildings had been removed and a dairy had been established on the site along with a larger complex of buildings in the northern area. Survival: The site has been developed throughout the 20th century and therefore any potential archaeological features are likely to have been damaged or destroyed. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations are unlikely to be required if this site is brought forward for development. Significance: Negligible.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: The 2002-2015 aerial photographs show the site as being laid largely to concrete to the south, with three large warehouse-type structures currently occupied by Direct Fireplaces. In the north of the site are two 20th-century houses, possibly constructed as part of the dairy, with lawns to the west. The site is bordered by a combination of metal fencing and low brick walls. LiDAR data does not show any archaeological features or anomalies within the site.

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Photograph references: Google Earth: 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2015. LiDAR tile SE6204 DTM 1m.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 01204/01 Roman Coin, Roman coin - AE (Bronze/ copper) Sestertius of Hadrian (117- Y Tranmoor Lane, 138). Surface find c.1973 from 6, Tranmoor Lane. Armthorpe 04937 Armthorpe A post-Conquest parish, possibly originating as an outlying Y Y Medieval Village settlement of Wheatley. The extent of the village shown on the GIS is a 'best guess' from 19th-century mapping.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY5003 Tennyson Avenue, Armthorpe, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Y HSY4981 Armthorpe Tranmoor Primary School, School Y Armthorpe, Doncaster HSY4998 Eastfield Road, Armthorpe, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5012 Pittam Gardens, Armthorpe, Doncaster Villas/ Detached Housing Y HSY5013 Miners Welfare Ground, Armthorpe, Sports Ground Y Doncaster HSY5017 Mansfield Crescent, Armthorpe, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5021 Rands Lane, Armthorpe, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY6006 Armthorpe former historic core (east end), Commercial Core-Urban Y Doncaster

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Allocation Reference: 624 Area (Ha): 0.31 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6233 0478 Site Name: The Coach House, Barton Lane, Armthorpe Settlement: Armthorpe

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - 1 SMR record/event 2 records 4 record/1 event Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest Yes Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Partial n/a

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Allocation Reference: 624 Area (Ha): 0.31 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6233 0478 Site Name: The Coach House, Barton Lane, Armthorpe Settlement: Armthorpe

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records two monuments within the site, both extending into the buffer. The site lies within the former location of a manor house shown in 1854, and also within the likely medieval extent of the village of Armthorpe. One additional monument, one findspot and one event are recorded within the buffer. The Church of St Mary/St Leonard is located to the west of the site, and is also a listed building. Within the northern part of the buffer, a possible Mesolithic flint blade fragment was found and archaeological evaluation at Mere Lane revealed medieval pits, posthole and land surface in addition to post medieval structures. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are located within the site. The Grade II listed Church of St Mary is within the buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded one bank relating to a 20th century Air Raid Shelter within the northern part of the buffer. The Historic Landscape Characterisation records the character of the site and part of the buffer as villas/detached housing of the historic Armthorpe Village. The majority of the housing dates to the suburbanisation of Armthorpe from the early 20th century onwards. Beyond this is St Marys Church. St. Mary, a medieval foundation with additions and alterations made in 1884. In the north is a school and its extensive recreational and sporting facilities. To the east and south of the site are planned housing estates built in the 1970s and 1980s, with Armthorpe urban core further to the east. To the southwest of the site is an area of scrap yards and other industrial premises, Markham Main Colliery and an associated spoil heap. The Colliery began production in 1924 and ceased operation in 1996. Since then most of the buildings have been demolished. The site currently comprises a detached house and its surrounding gardens. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1858 OS map depicted the site as lying within an area of piecemeal enclosure which radiated away from the road to the south. By 1982 two buildings had been constructed on the eastern side of the site and trees planted, with the area labelled as ‘The Beehive’. Ivy House was first depicted within the site on the 1973 map, with few changes since that date. Within the buffer, the 1858 OS map depicts the former location of a Manor House directly to the north of the site, fronting onto Church Street. By 1930, large scale development was shown in the area north of Church Street and Markham Main Coillery had been established to the west, with further development of the area to the west of the site by 1961, as a number of detached houses were constructed north of the industrial area. By 1973 the large housing development at Tranmore Lane was depicted and the Poplars was shown to the southwest. The building directly to the north of the site, fronting onto Church Street was depicted as a dental surgery. Survival: Development has occurred within the southern part site over the past 50 years which could have disturbed any potential archaeological features. However; the proximity of the site to the former manor house and its location within the medieval core of the village suggest that archaeological features may survive in the northern part of the site. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation may be required if the site is allocated for development. Significance: Remains associated with the manor house or medieval activity could be of Local to Regional archaeological significance depending on their extent, nature and condition.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: The 2002-2015 aerial photographs show the site to be a residential area which includes Ivy House and an adjacent garage at the centre. The land to the north, south and west of the site comprises manicured lawn and mature trees with driveway access from Barton Lane running in an east-west direction. LiDAR data shows a semi circular anomaly of unknown origin in the area of the site to the south of Ivy House. Photograph references: Google Earth: 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2015. LiDAR tile SE6204 DTM 1m.

Statutory Designations Reference Name Designation/ Site? Buffer? ID Grade 1314821 Church of St Mary II Y

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 00434/01 Church of St Mary Medieval church at Armthorpe. Y and St Leonard, Armthorpe 04937 Armthorpe A post-Conquest parish, possibly originating as an outlying Y Y Medieval Village settlement of Wheatley. The extent of the village shown on the GIS is a 'best guess' from 19th-century mapping. 04938 Site of a former Site of a former Manor House shown on the 1854 OS map. Y Y Manor House, Armthorpe 05150 ?Mesolithic Flint A proximal blade fragment with plain butt and small dorsal Y Find, Armthorpe bulbar removals in speckled flint patinated brown [possibly incorrect location]. ESY274 Archaeological Archaeological evaluation revealed 2 pits and a post hole of Y Evaluation at Mere medieval date as well as 4 pits, a ditch and post hole of 19th- Lane 20th century date (based on pottery evidence). The remains of a 19th century structure were also identified. Further excavation revealed a possible late medieval land surface truncated by the remains of an early post-medieval structure, possibly a former farmhouse. An internal pebble floor thought to be contemporary with the building and an external cobbled surface (probably a surrounding yard) were also discovered. Pottery finds suggest use up until the 18th century.

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SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY6002 Western area of historic Armthorpe village, Villas/ Detached Housing Y Y Doncaster HSY4991 Tranmoor Lane, Armthorpe, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5014 Mere Lane, Armthorpe, Doncaster School Y HSY5019 St Marys (St Leonards), Armthorpe, Doncaster Religious (Worship) Y HSY5020 Barton Lane, Armthorpe, Doncaster Other Industry Y HSY5025 Markham Main Colliery, Armthorpe, Doncaster Deep Shaft Coal Mine Y HSY5064 Markham Main Colliery tip, Armthorpe, Reclaimed Coal Mine Y Doncaster HSY6005 Colbeck Close and Rose Grove, Armthorpe, Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Doncaster HSY6006 Armthorpe former historic core (east end), Commercial Core-Urban Y Doncaster

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Allocation Reference: 626 Area (Ha): 0.07 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5405 0987 Site Name: Tudor Sale Rooms Settlement: Carcroft Skellow

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - - Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest Yes No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Partial n/a

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Allocation Reference: 626 Area (Ha): 0.07 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5405 0987 Site Name: Tudor Sale Rooms, 28 High Street, Carcroft Settlement: Carcroft Skellow

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments or events within the site or buffer. There are no Scheduled Monuments or Listed Buildings within the site or buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project does not record any features within the site. Ridge and furrow cultivation remains are located within the northeast edge of the buffer zone, in an area since developed. The Historic Environment Characterisation identifies the western half of the site and buffer as residential, planned estate (social housing) identified as Trafalgar Estate South constructed in the 1960s, although this does not seem to correspond with the buildings within the site. It notes that one stone built vernacular building remains at centre of village, which may refer to the buildings within the site. The eastern half of the site and buffer is characterised as commercial, retail park and in Carcroft Town Centre. It comprises large 'shed' type retail premises with open area car parking, on a site formerly occupied by toft-type plots behind buildings of Carcroft 'old' village. Again, this does not correspond to the buildings within the site. The site serves as an auction house, consisting of at least three structures constructed of sandstone with brick infill. At least one of the structures represents a re-used barn, the remainder appear as workshops. The ground between the structures consists of a concreted yard. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1851 OS map depicts the site at the south-western end of High Street, on the corner of Chestnut Avenue. The map records an L-shaped structure fronting the road. By 1892 the structure was extended with a wing stretching to the north, effectively making the building appear U-shaped in plan. These buildings are still present on the site. Within the buffer, the 1851 map shows tofts planted with orchards to the east and north of the site. By 1930 there had been considerable urban development along the Skellow Road to the south, as well as along the High Street, including the construction of a cinema on the site of the orchard immediately to the east of the site. Similar development had occurred to the north along Chestnut Avenue. Survival: The structures within the site appear to pre-date the available historic mapping evidence and are likely to represent farm buildings and/or workshops. They are of stone-built construction, mainly with pantile roofs, though some buildings have replacement corrugated metal roofs. These structures are of clear historic interest, representing a rare survival of historic structures within the village. They are not currently listed or recorded on the SMR. The ground around the buildings has been concreted and may mask any earlier cobbled surfaces. There may be the potential for the survival of earlier archaeological features and deposits below undisturbed areas of the site. Further investigations: Unlisted historic buildings survive within the site. Further assessment of the historic character and significance of the buildings would assist in establishing whether there was capacity for housing on this site. Significance: Further appraisal of the buildings would be required to ascertain their historic significance. Given the rarity of surviving structures from this period within the village, the buildings may be considered to be of at least Local archaeological significance.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first century aerial photography shows the site as a group of buildings currently in use as an auction centre and outbuildings. Street View indicates that the buildings are of stone construction in a vernacular style and at least some may be of 18th-century date or earlier. The site is enclosed to the north and east by a stone wall. Vegetation has encroached with the yard area by 2015. Lidar coverage shows only the building plots with no other notable features. Photograph references: Google Earth images 1999, 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009. Lidar data file SE5409.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY115 Carcroft Town Centre Retail Park Y Y HSY124 Trafalgar Estate South Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Y HSY94 Trafalgar Street and Park Avenue, Carcroft Terraced Housing Y HSY95 Owston Rd, Askern Road and Queens Road, Terraced Housing Y Carcroft HSY96 Victoria Street and Chapel Street, Carcroft Terraced Housing Y HSY100 Former Allotments behind Trafalgar Street, Allotments Y Carcroft HSY101 Carcroft Miners Welfare Public Park Y HSY116 Carcroft Commercial Centre / Former Carcroft Retail Park Y Common HSY117 Former Bullcroft Colliery site Piecemeal Enclosure Y HSY119 Trafalgar Estate / Carcroft Common Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY120 St George's Roman Catholic Church Religious (Worship) Y HSY121 Trafalgar Estate - Crossdale Gardens, Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Martindale Walk. HSY123 Trafalgar Estate: North - Carcroft Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY134 Skellow Road Carcroft Semi-Detached Housing Y HSY135 Carcroft Enterprise Park (former Bullcroft Other Industry Y sidings) HSY251 High street townhouses, Carcroft Villas/ Detached Housing Y

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Allocation Reference: 627 Area (Ha): 0.24 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6214 0492 Site Name: The White House, Doncaster Road, Armthorpe Settlement: Armthorpe

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - 1 SMR record/event 1 record 3 records/1 event Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 627 Area (Ha): 0.24 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6214 0492 Site Name: The White House, Doncaster Road, Armthorpe Settlement: Armthorpe

Site assessment Known assets/character: SMR records show one monument within the site three monuments and one event within the buffer. The site and part of the buffer lie within the likely extent of the medieval village of Armthorpe. Within the buffer the monuments of the Church of St Mary/St Leonard and the site of a former Manor House are recorded. Archaeological evaluation at Mere Lane revealed medieval pits, posthole and land surface in addition to post medieval structures. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are located within the site. The Grade II listed Church of St Mary is within the buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded one bank relating to a 20th century Air Raid Shelter within the buffer. The Historic Landscape Characterisation records the character of the site and the south western part of the buffer as Markham Main Colliery and spoil heap. The Colliery began production in 1924 and ceased operation in 1996, since when most of the buildings have been demolished and the site reclaimed. There is no legibility of the former character of strip fields consolidated from the furlongs of medieval open field. Directly south of the site is St Marys Church, a medieval foundation with later additions. The northwest of the buffer is recorded as part of a large planned housing estate known as Mansfield Crescent, built to house colliery workers. In the northeast of the buffer are villas/detached housing within the historic Armthorpe Village, with the majority of the housing dating to the early 20th century onwards. The northeast part of the buffer is a school and recreational and sporting facilities. The site currently comprises a grassed plot and possible allotment gardens. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 OS map shows the site as being within one of a number of piecemeal enclosures directly south of Doncaster Road, with the White House to the east. By 1906, the site had been divided from the grounds of the White House by a tree/hedged boundary that still exists to the present day. Within the buffer, the 1854 map depicted St Marys Church and the White House to the east of the site. By 1930, extensive development had taken place to the north of the Mansfield Crescent housing estate and to the west, Markham Main Colliery had been established. The area directly to the south of the site was part of the church graveyard at that date. By 1961 there had been further housing development in the area to the south of the site including the establishment of Barton Lane. Survival: Although the site is characterised as part of Markham Main Colliery, cartographic analysis does not show any mining activity within the site. The site has been a field since at least 1854 and the potential for the survival of unrecorded buried archaeology is considered to be moderate. The site’s location within the core of the medieval village suggests there is the potential for remains of this period to survive. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations may be required if the site is allocated for development. Significance: Unknown.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: The 2002-2015 aerial photographs show the site to be grassed, bounded on the southern and western sides by low walls and mature trees, to the north by a combination of walls and hedges and to the east by a shrub border forming part of the garden of the White House. Along the southern edge are two greenhouses or sheds, and within the northern part of the site are what appears to be small allotment plots. LiDAR data shows no archaeological features or anomalies. Photograph references: Google Earth: 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2015, LiDAR tile SE6204 DTM 1m.

Statutory Designations Reference Name Designation/ Site? Buffer? ID Grade 1314821 Church of St Mary II Y

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 00434/01 Church of St Mary Medieval church at Armthorpe Y and St Leonard, Armthorpe 04937 Armthorpe A post-Conquest parish, possibly originating as an outlying Y Y Medieval Village settlement of Wheatley. The extent of the village shown on the GIS is a 'best guess' from 19th-century mapping. 04938 Site of a former Site of a former Manor House shown on the 1854 OS map. Y Manor House, Armthorpe ESY274 Archaeological Archaeological evaluation revealed 2 pits and a post hole of Y Evaluation at Mere medieval date as well as 4 pits, a ditch and post hole of 19th- Lane 20th century date and remains of a 19th century structure. Excavation revealed a possible late medieval land surface truncated by the remains of an early post-medieval structure, with an internal pebble floor and an external cobbled yard.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY5025 Markham Main Colliery, Armthorpe, Doncaster Deep Shaft Coal Mine Y Y HSY5014 Mere Lane, Armthorpe, Doncaster School Y HSY5017 Mansfield Crescent, Armthorpe, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5019 St Marys (St Leonards), Armthorpe, Doncaster Religious (Worship) Y HSY5064 Markham Main Colliery tip, Armthorpe, Reclaimed Coal Mine Y Doncaster HSY6002 Western area of historic Armthorpe village, Villas/ Detached Housing Y Doncaster HSY6006 Armthorpe former historic core (east end), Commercial Core-Urban Y Doncaster

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Allocation Reference: 628 Area (Ha): 0.403 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5694 1330 Site Name: Land Adjacent to Acorn Park, Rushy Moor Lane Settlement: Askern

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Uncertain Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

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Allocation Reference: 628 Area (Ha): 0.403 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5694 1330 Site Name: Land Adjacent to Acorn Park, Rushy Moor Lane Settlement: Askern

Site assessment Known assets/character: There are no SMR records within the site or the buffer zone. There are no Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings within the site or the buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project records a fragmentary trace of post-medieval ridge and furrow within the buffer zone, to the south-east of the site. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site and the southern end of the buffer zone as drained wetland, which was probably former wetland common. The establishment of the current drained wetland probably dates to the Campsall, Askern and Norton Enclosure Award of 1818. There is no legibility of earlier wetland common. Further character types within the buffer zone include modern housing, a school and a park. The site is located at the southern end of Askern. To the north is a modern housing estate, with fields to the south. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The site is part of a long, narrow field on the 1854 map. Rushy Moor Lane was extant to the immediate west of the site, running along the western site boundary, and Mill Dike was present at the south of the site, forming the southern site boundary. The site remained unchanged until 1975, by which time houses had been built to the immediate north of the site, creating the northern site boundary. A small structure was also present at the north- western corner of the site at this time, possibly a house. The site remained unchanged on the 1986 map. In 1854 the majority of the area surrounding the site was mainly narrow rectangular fields, which were part of Askern Common. Rushy Moor Lane was present to the immediate west of the site, with Mill Dike to the south. The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway was extant to the west of the site and Askern Common Road was depicted to the north. Askern Common Plantation was located to the southeast of the site. By 1948, houses had been developed along Rushy Moor Avenue, to the immediate north-west of the site, and by 1975 houses had been developed to the north of the site. By 1984 this housing development had expanded considerably to the east, so the entire northern half of the buffer zone contained modern housing by this time. The southern buffer zone remained undeveloped fields. Survival: The site was part of a wetland common before it was drained around 1818. Drainage and any arable cultivation are likely to have caused some damage to sub-surface deposits through truncation and desiccation. The construction of the small house in the northwest corner in the 1960s-1970s is also likely to have truncated sub- surfaced deposits. With the exception of the footprint of the house, the potential for the survival of unrecorded buried archaeological remains below the plough zone is considered to be moderate. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Aerial photographs from 2002 demonstrate that the eastern site boundary had been established by 2002, with the creation of a house to the immediate east of the site. A track from Rushy Moor Lane leads from the western end of the site to the house, effectively splitting the site into two fields of scrub wasteland. The house in the north-western corner of the site that was first present on the 1975 map had been demolished by 2002. There is no available Lidar data for the site. Photograph references: Google Earth images 2002, 2008, 2009, 2015. RAF/CPE/UK/1880 4073 06-Dec-1946.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4370 Former Askern Common, Askern, Doncaster Drained Wetland Y Y HSY356 Terraced housing to the east of Askern village Terraced Housing Y HSY365 Askern Lake Public Park Y HSY370 1930s semi detached housing along Moss Semi-Detached Housing Y Road Askern, Doncaster HSY372 Askern Common planned estate Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY5700 Askern Moss Road, Doncaster School Y

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Allocation Reference: 629 Area (Ha): 0.53 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SK 6083 9862 Site Name: Land off Bankwood Lane, Rossington Settlement: Rossington

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

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Allocation Reference: 629 Area (Ha): 0.53 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SK 6083 9862 Site Name: Land off Bankwood Lane, Rossington Settlement: Rossington

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments or events within the site or buffer zone. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are recorded within the site or buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project did not record any features within the site. A rectilinear enclosure and associated field boundaries of probable Iron Age to Roman date are recorded as cropmarks within the northeast part of the buffer. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site and much of the northern buffer as the modern Bankwood Industrial Estate. The site is part of an area that was used as allotments prior to the creation of the industrial estate, with the northern part of the estate, within the buffer, previously forming West End Wood, with the edge of the depot fossilising the boundary of the ancient woodland. Further character zones within the buffer comprise ancient woodland to the southeast, allotments to the west, a social housing estate to the south and part of a colliery spoil heap and former colliery buildings at the western edge. Historic landfill data records one tip within the northwest part of the buffer, the Rossington Dumpit Site. The site is currently occupied by a modern lightweight industrial shed, shown as a factory outlet, with a small car parking area to the south. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 OS map shows the site as part of a field at the junction of Bank Wood Lane and West End Lane. By 1892 a boundary to the north had been removed and the site was part of a larger field. By 1930, the site was shown as part of an area of allotment gardens. A number of sheds were shown within the site in 1962. The 1989 depicted a factory within the site, with a circular tank in the eastern corner. Within the buffer, the 1854 map shows West End Wood to the north, Peasant Bank wood to the west and Holmes Carr Great Wood to the southwest. The remaining area is fields, mainly strip fields in an area known as The Park, possibly a former medieval deer park associated with the manor of Draw Dikes. By 1930, the southern and eastern parts of the buffer contained housing estates forming part of the colliery village of New Rossington. Pheasant Bank was shown as rough pasture and scrub at that date. By 1948, housing was under construction to the west of the site, and several works buildings were shown at the southern end of Pheasant Bank, probably associated with Rossington Main Colliery to the west. A TA Centre and clinic were shown to the immediate east of the site in 1962. The industrial estate to the north of the site was first shown in 1989, with a depot to the immediate north and further depots, works, coal and scrap yards to the west of Bank Wood Lane and within the former West End Wood. Survival: The site has been occupied by a modern factory/retail building since the 1980s. The extent of sub-surface disturbance caused by the construction of this building is currently unknown. The potential for the survival of unrecorded buried archaeology is also currently unknown. Iron Age to Roman field boundaries have been recorded within the buffer to the north of the site, and such remains could continue into the site. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: The 2002-2012 aerial photographs show the site as mostly covered with a modern light industrial shed, with tarmac surfaced car parking areas along the east, south and west sides. A standing circular tank is shown in the eastern corner. Damage to the roof was shown in 2008. Street View imagery shows the building as a factory shop outlet, though it appeared to be disused in 2011. There is no Lidar coverage for this site. Photograph references: Google Earth coverage 2002, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009 & 2012. Street View 2011. OS/89258 0038 11-Jun-1989.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4776 Bankwood Industrial estate, New Rossington, Other Industry Y Y Doncaster HSY4230 Rossington Main Colliery spoil 2, Rossington, Spoil Heap Y Doncaster HSY4444 Holmes Carr Great Wood, Rossington, Ancient Woodland Y Doncaster HSY4713 Central Drive, New Rossington, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY4739 York Street, New Rossington, Doncaster Allotments Y HSY4741 Bankwood Industrial estate, New Rossington, Other Industry Y Doncaster HSY4744 Rossington Main Colliery, New Rossington, Deep Shaft Coal Mine Y Doncaster HSY4772 Bankwood Industrial estate, New Rossington, Utilities Y Doncaster

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Allocation Reference: 630 Area (Ha): 0.07 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5761 0315 Site Name: Cussins House, 22-28 Wood St, Doncaster Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - 49 SMR record/event - 36 records/29 events Cropmark/Lidar evidence No No Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Extensive n/a

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Allocation Reference: 630 Area (Ha): 0.072 NGR (centre): SE 57607 03152 Allocation Type: Housing Settlement: Doncaster Urban Site Name: Cussins House, 22-28 Wood St, Doncaster Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any findspots, monuments or events within the site. Six findspots, 26 monuments and 29 events are recorded within the buffer. The findspots comprise a flint dagger and a collection of Mesolithic to Bronze Age flint artefacts from fieldwalking; one individual Roman coin and three coin hoards and a Roman altar. Pre-Roman monuments comprise an Iron Age pit at Waterdale and a possible pre-Roman boundary ditch in the Hall Gate area, sealed by the Roman road that ran into Doncaster. As well as the route of the road, Roman features include settlement remains on Wood Street; a 2nd-century cremation and inhumation cemetery at Hall Gate and a further cemetery at Waterdale; a pit or ditch terminus; parallel ditches that may have formed part of the town's defences; possible building remains off High Street and pits near Cleveland Street. Medieval features comprised the site of a Carmelite Friary and associated pits, wall footings a substantial road and ovens; pottery kilns found in the Hallgate and Wood Street area; footings of medieval buildings; part of the town ditch; and lime- slaking pits. Medieval to post-medieval buildings and features were found during excavation of the Corn Exchange, with further post-medieval monuments comprising timber framed buildings in the High Street, a stone- lined well, a 19th-century cellar, an early 19th-century workshop; medieval to post-medieval sand and gravel pits; and First World War practice trenches. The events recorded within the buffer comprised 13 evaluations, six excavations; seven watching briefs; and three programmes of building recording, with many of the monuments listed above referring to features found during the events. The nearest events to the site were evaluations and excavations to the north of the site, between Wood Street and Hallgate, which revealed a Roman cemetery, a Roman pit and late medieval to post- medieval occupation, including 16th- and late 18th-century buildings, and a pottery kiln, as well as modern truncation that had removed archaeological remains. Excavation to the immediate east of the site on Wood Street recovered probable Roman settlement remains, comprising field boundary ditches and pits containing locally-made pottery. There are no Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings within the site. One Grade I and 48 Grade II listed buildings are recorded in the buffer, mainly grouped along Hall Gate and High Street. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project did not record any features within the site or the buffer zone. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as late 20th-century Shopping Centre, constructed following wholesale clearance of mid- and early 19th-century terraced housing. With no legibility of the terraced housing or earlier strip enclosure landscapes. Character zones within the buffer are defined as Urban and Suburban Commercial Core, Markets, Terraced Housing, University or College, School, Ring Road/Bypass, Civil & Municipal Buildings and Leisure Centre. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The majority of the site formed part of a yard at the time of the 1852 OS map. Outdoor toilets and pump were situated within the site at that date. While these features were not shown on the 1893 map, the toilets were shown at the same location in 1903 but had been removed by 1930. The site remained an open yard in 1956, but had been developed by 1961. Two rectangular buildings separated by a narrow access road stood within the site at that date. The northernmost building was shown with property divisions as no.s 22-28 Wood Street on the 1969 OS map. A covered cart passage was shown at the southeast of the block at that date, while an open- fronted structure occupied the southeast end of the southern block. The 1984 and 1992 OS maps showed the site in block outline, without distinguishing it from other buildings in the immediate vicinity. Numerous features were shown within the buffer zone on the 1852 OS map, including streets, houses, industrial buildings, churches, chapels, shops, public houses, major and minor roads, gardens, allotments, yards, Beechfield House and part of Glasgow Paddocks. The majority of the open spaces within the buffer had been developed by

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1892. The late 19th-century townscape remained largely intact in 1930, but clearances had begun to occur by 1948 and had intensified by 1956. The 1962 OS map showed substantial redevelopment, with parts of the 19th- century townscape removed through clearance and road-building schemes, while modern retail and commercial buildings replaced the majority of the domestic properties. Further clearances had taken place by 1969. Little substantive change was shown within the buffer on the 1992 OS map. Survival: Cussins House is a four-storey 20th-century building. It is not known if the building possesses a basement, though the size of the structure suggests that its construction will have caused substantial truncation to sub-surface deposits. The potential for the survival of unrecorded buried archaeology is considered to be low, though Roman to medieval remains were shown to survive in previously-developed areas on nearby sites. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown. Remains associated with Roman to medieval settlement, burial and industrial activity could be of Local to Regional archaeological significance depending on its extent, nature and preservation.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Twenty-first century aerial photographs show Cussins House within the site. It is a 4-storey 20th-century office and retail building. No changes are visible between 2002 and 2015. Lidar data does not show any potential archaeological features within the site. Photograph references: Google Earth: 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009 and 2015. Bing Maps: 2015.

Statutory Designations Reference Name Designation/ Site? Buffer? ID Grade 1031509 Co-Operative Emporium and Danum House II Y 1151416 51, Hallgate II Y 1151417 52, Hallgate II Y 1151418 53 and 54, Hallgate II Y 1151421 National Westminster Bank II Y 1151422 17, High Street II Y 1151423 19 And 20, High Street II Y 1151424 24 And 24b, High Street II Y 1151425 42, High Street II Y 1151426 The Mansion House and attached railings I Y 1151427 Trustees Savings Bank II Y 1151429 47 and 48, Market Place II Y 1151430 28 and 29, Market Place II Y 1151433 Priory Methodist Church II Y 1151434 4-13, Priory Place II Y 1151449 7 and 7a, Hallgate II Y

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1151450 9, Hallgate II Y 1151451 27, Hallgate II Y 1192013 6, Hallgate II Y 1192021 Lamp standard to front of hall gate United Reformed Church II Y 1192031 26, Hallgate II Y 1192048 Georgian House II Y 1192329 18, High Street II Y 1192357 23, High Street II Y 1192373 25, High Street II Y 1192457 44, High Street II Y 1192593 Lloyds Bank II Y 1192632 Number 49a to rear of number 49 II Y 1192637 The Woolpack Hotel II Y 1192752 43, Prince's Street II Y 1192791 Municipal offices to west of Mansion House II Y 1192815 Post Office II Y 1203768 "Dollond and Aitchison/Farmhouse Frozen Foods" II Y 1268265 18, Hall Gate II Y 1286532 50 and 51, High Street II Y 1286644 41, High Street II Y 1286659 Waring and Gillow II Y 1286775 50, Hallgate II Y 1286790 8, Hallgate II Y 1314550 Nag's Head and number 33 II Y 1314865 Westminster Building II Y 1314866 43, High Street II Y 1314867 52, High Street II Y 1314878 5, Hallgate II Y 1314879 Hall Gate United Reformed Church II Y 1314880 40, 41 and 41a, Hallgate II Y 1314902 Barclays Bank II Y 1314903 The Yorkshire Bank II Y 1314904 22, High Street II Y

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 00422/01 Site of Carmelite Friary founded 1350, dissolved 1538. Occupied a large plot on Y Friary, Doncaster the southern edge of the town. 00422/04 Medieval features, Medieval and post-medieval pits and wall footings, Doncaster. Y Priory Walk, Includes possible section of town ditch. Doncaster 00426/01 Hallgate 1965 - A medieval pottery kiln discovered during excavations in Y

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Medieval Pottery Hallgate, Doncaster Kiln 00668/01 Flint dagger of Notched flint dagger f.37, St Sepulchregate in 1937 Y Neolithic or Bronze Age date 01032/01 Roman coin found Dupondious of Faustina I under the floor of the market hall in Y at Market Hall, 1967 (Doncaster). Rome mint A.D. 86. Doncaster 01224/01 Roman Altar found Roman Altar - Found in Sepulchre Gate in 1781. Dedicated to Y in St Sepulchre the Deae Matres. Gate, Doncaster 01524/01 Timber framed Timber framed with dormer windows 16th century. Y buildings, 4 and 5 High Street, Doncaster 01526/01 Timber framed Building 'containing timber framing'. Y building, 41 High Street, Doncaster 01783/01 Roman Coin Hoard, Roman coin hoard. 24 Denarii found at a depth of 10ft at Y High Street / Scot junction of High Street and Scot Lane, January 1925. Probably Lane, Doncaster part of a larger hoard.. 01787/01 Roman Coin Hoard, Roman coin hoard - about 40 AR denarii found during Y Bowers Fold, construction of Bowers Fold redevelopment in 1963. Doncaster Town Centre 03320/01 Roman Coin Hoard Excavations SW of main N-S Roman Road produced slight Y (with associated Roman features and, disturbed in a Medieval pit, a hoard of 15 finds), Doncaster C2 AE coins, 3 intagli (two mounted in rings), 3 brooches and a surgeon's knife. 03712/01 ?Post-Medieval No. 28 Wood Street, Doncaster. Stone lined well discovered Y Stone Lined Well, during building work. Approx. 7m deep, empty to that depth Wood Street, and stone lined. Doncaster 04038/01 Medieval Building Substantial footings of a late medieval building, fronting onto Y (Excavated), Hall High Street, excavated at the Subscription Rooms, 1976. Gate, Doncaster 04196/01 Possible Medieval A possible medieval building was discovered during Y Building, Doncaster excavations in the centre of Doncaster. 04436/01 Industrial period Cellar and array of cultural materials dating to the 19th and Y cellar 49 Market 20th centuries. Place, Doncaster 04500/01 Romano-British Settlement - Roman locally produced greyware pottery, simple Y Settlement at field boundary ditches and a pit Wood Street, Doncaster 04547/01 Doncaster Town Ditch - likely to be medieval Doncaster town ditch. Finds Y Medieval Ditch, 20- included a bone pin, green glazed pottery, and bone 28 Cleveland Street 04562/01 Roman Cemetery in 2nd Century Roman cemetery site, cremations and Y Hallgate, Doncaster inhumations. Later Roman features cutting through the cemetery. 05016 Roman Road - Hall The course of the Roman road through Doncaster was Y Gate, High Street, suggested to be along this route by plan form analysis. This has French Gate, been confirmed in one location on Hall Gate. The cobbled road Doncaster continued to be used into the Medieval period, evidenced by

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Late Saxon and 13th century pottery in the final phases of the surface. Excavations at 8-10 High Street also identified the road. 05017 Excavated Features A possible pre-Roman boundary ditch with associated bank Y at Hall Gate, and fence were sealed by the Roman Road that came through Doncaster this area. No artefacts were located to date these features more specifically. A possible Roman cremation was identified, although no burnt bone was recorded. 05019 18/19th Century Built around 1800, this workshop building was surrounded by Y Workshop, Wood contemporary structures, probably domestic tenements. The Street, Doncaster building was modified in the first half of the 19th century. 05020 Roman to Post- 1 A Roman ditch terminus or pit identified during excavations. Y Medieval Activity, There was little else of Roman date, but there was Hallgate, Doncaster considerable truncation of the Roman deposits during the medieval and post-medieval periods. A medieval plough soil horizon covered the site with a contemporary cobbled surface interpreted as a pathway between strips in open field. 05023 Medieval Pottery Type 2A kiln identified on excavations at Wood Street. The kiln Y Kiln, Wood Street is the same type as others found in the Hall Gate area. The ceramic material found in the kiln and associated features suggests an 11th-12th century date. 05028 Doncaster Corn Before the Market Hall and Corn Exchange could be built in the Y Exchange late 19th century there was considerable clearance of the market area. This included demolition of the Butchers' Shambles, removal of the Butter cross and demolition of the Town Hall and church of St Mary Magdalene. Excavations on the site of the corn exchange provide evidence that back to back tenements, and a possible linen workshop were also demolished. 05029 Roman linear Three wide, parallel ditches of Roman date that probably Y features, St represent parts of the town defences at different periods. Also Sepulchre Gate, a gully and a number of pits, as well as an unstratified coin Doncaster hoard. 05378 Late Upper Obliquely blunted point (angle backed blade) in a fine dark Y Paleolithic point, St grey translucent flint. Similar to finds at Creswell. Found in Sepulchre Gate, shallow undated feature near a Roman gully. Doncaster 05384 Medieval lime Several pits, including one clay-lined and another containing Y slaking pit, lime-rich deposits. This latter interpreted as having been used Hallgate, Doncaster to mix lime mortar. 05488 Medieval features Medieval features identified during a 1976 excavation and Y at St possibly associated with the Carmelite Friary known to have Sepulchregate, been located nearby. Features included four ovens, a well and Doncaster pits, one stone-lined with an associated culvert. No evidence for burgage plots or of buildings was found. 05489 Medieval road, off Remains of medieval road, cart shed, well, ovens and cut Y High Street, features, probably associated with the Carmelite friary known Doncaster to have occupied this area. 05490 Roman remains, Roman remains excavated in 1976-7 on the site of the Y High Street, Subscription Rooms, High Street, sealed by a 12th-century Doncaster road surface. A construction trench and possible wall foundations, the remains of a surface and several post holes or small pits were found. Finds were dated to the mid-late 2nd century. 05491 Roman features, A layer and pits containing Roman pottery, excavated in 1992. Y Cleveland Street, Doncaster

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05654 Roman cremation Excavation in 2010-11 recovered a cremation cemetery, Y and inhumation containing 20-30 individuals, of 1st-2nd century date. cemetery, Associated with this were a number of complete cremation Waterdale urns and pottery and glass vessels, many associated with votive offerings. A small number of inhumation burials of 3rd/4th century date were also recorded. Early post-medieval extractive pits (see PIN 05657) to the northwest of the cemetery complex contained residual Roman material so it is possible the cemetery once extended into that area. 05655 WWI practice Excavations at Waterdale in 2010-11 revealed a complex of Y trenches, trenches. These were originally revetted with wood and were Waterdale, built to British army specifications. These may have been Doncaster practice trenches excavated by local units, to assist with recruitment exercises. 05656 Probable Iron Age Excavations at Waterdale in 2010-11 identified a pit containing Y pit, Waterdale, a residual bladelet (probably Neolithic) and a single sherd of Doncaster Iron Age pottery. It was cut by a Roman pit. 05657 Late/Post medieval Excavations at Waterdale in 2010-11 revealed a number of Y features, extractive pits for sand and gravel and an L-shaped line of post Waterdale, holes. The post holes contained pottery of Roman to medieval Doncaster date, and are likely to represent a fence line or other agricultural feature of later date. ESY33 Evaluation at A series of evaluation trenches on Baxtergate within the Y Baxtergate, historic core of Doncaster. Doncaster ESY746 Archaeological The site was located on an area of recently demolished Y Excavation at buildings, formerly 20-28 Cleveland Street in Doncaster City Yates's Wine Lodge Centre (NGR SE 57540317). The south-eastern part of the site Doncaster had been cut away by a cellar to a depth of 1.8m below modern ground level, while the remainder of the site comprised rough ground. ESY747 Archaeological The site was located at 20-28 Cleveland Street, OS grid Y Evaluation at 20-28 reference SE 57540317. The underlying geology was Bunter Cleveland Street sandstone. The site lay at the heart of medieval Doncaster, close to the reputed position of the medieval town ditch. A Carmelite friary, believed to have been established by John Gaunt, lay to the north. A trial excavation in this area in foundations. Romano-British features were also recorded. ESY839 Archaeological An archaeological watching brief is recommended during the Y Building Appraisal demolition of the phase 2 buildings. at 8-9 Hall Gate, Doncaster, South Yorkshire ESY840 Archaeological Seven trenches were opened during the evaluation. Trenches Y Evaluation at 58-59 1,4 and 5 contained 19th century deposits which destroyed or Hallgate, Doncaster prevented access to earlier layers. Trenches 3,6 and 7 contained features of post-medieval date. Trench 2 revealed a sequence of occupation including a Roman pit, a medieval plough soil horizon, and post-medieval garden levels and floor surfaces. As a result of these findings the South Yorkshire Sites and Monuments record recommended a watching brief during the redevelopment works. ESY841 Archaeological An archaeological excavation has been completed on land Y Excavation at between Hallgate and Wood Street, Doncaster. Evidence has Hallgate, Doncaster been recovered for three phases of activity during the Roman and medieval periods. These include use of the site as a 1st/2nd century cemetery and cremation site, and the medieval production of pottery. In each case it is clear that the activities represented also extended into the surrounding

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areas. ESY849 Archaeological An archaeological field evaluation has been carried on the site Y Evaluation on land to the rear of 53 Hallgate and 9 Wood Street by South off Hallgate/Wood Yorkshire Archaeology Field and Research Unit. This is in street, Doncaster, advance of the development of the site for use as a public South Yorkshire house. The excavation a multi-phase occupation of the site. ESY850 Report on a second A second phase archaeological investigation has been carried Y Y Phase Excavation of out on land off Wood Street, Doncaster. This was with the aim Archaeological of investigated more fully a number of previously identified remains on land off features of Roman date. This has led to the identification of Wood Street, what is believed to be part of a Romano-British settlement site Doncaster of probably 2nd century date. ESY851 Evaluation 10-14A An archaeological evaluation at 10-14A Hallgate, Doncaster Y Hallgate, encountered comprehensive evidence of Roman, medieval Doncaster, South and post-medieval activity. In addition, a wattle fence and Yorkshire ditch were sealed by the Roman road may present pre-Roman activity, although in the absence of pre-Roman artefacts this is still to be confirmed. The Roman road, represented by at least seven phases of cobbles was situated to the north of the present street frontage. Two clay-lined pits, in addition to other discrete pits and post-holes, were medieval in date, while further post-holes and brick cellars represented post- medieval disturbance. ESY853 Further Several phases of late medieval and post medieval occupation Y Archaeological and activity were identified. These included stone buildings of investigations at 16th and 17th century origins, in of which had been modified 58-59 Hallgate, to include a possible oven. More intensive development of the Doncaster site had occurred in the late 18th century, with the contraction of cellared buildings of brick and limestone construction. ESY860 A Watching Brief at The site at 49 Market Place Doncaster was visited on two Y 49 Market Place, occasions in order to carry out a watching brief on site works Doncaster by Fairfax Securities Ltd, as required by the South Yorkshire Archaeology Service. A cellar containing 19th and 20th century material was recorded. ESY871 An Archaeological In October and November 1997, ARCUS undertook a watching Y Watching Brief brief during refurbishment of the St. Leger Tavern on Silver within the 'St. Street, Doncaster. Two foundation holes for column bases Leger Tavern', were excavated in the cellar, and four trenches for drainage Silver Street, were excavated at ground floor level. Made ground was Doncaster encountered below the existing surfaces, and nothing of archaeological interest was recorded. ESY872 Archaeological The excavations exposed a stone structure associated with two Y Watching Brief deposits of domestic waste, one of which was dated to the Report, at Priory late medieval or early post-medieval period. A layer of Walk, Doncaster, demolition material sealed the domestic deposits. A further South Yorkshire demolition or ground-raising layer dated to the later 17th century was present approximately 400mm below existing ground level. The archaeological potential of the site is considered to be medium to high. ESY873 Archaeological An archaeological watching brief undertaken at Priory Walk, Y Watching Brief at Doncaster revealed the remains of a well of unknown date to Priory Walk, the south of the site and a probable Victorian culvert to the Doncaster, South north-east of the area. Later remains relating to the Yorkshire foundations and cellarage of post medieval and modern buildings were found across the majority of the site. ESY874 Archaeological The survey consisted of general and detailed photographic Y Building Recording showing original features and the development of the at Doncaster buildings at the time of the survey all of the buildings had been College, Waterdale, empty some time and had suffered to varying degrees from

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Doncaster, South vandalism, leak etc. The Chequer Road Boys Elementary School Yorkshire was built to a central hall design so that pupils could gather for special occasions. Around this time there was a change in thinking to more hygienic ventilated style of building the Pavilion style which the 1926 Girls and Infants school partially adopted the 1910 High School for Girls was as a grammar school able to pick elements of the new of thinking whilst being able to have a more ornate façade. The 1958 technical College was built to cater for those born during the Second World war and to serve the growing mining and engineering industries which were in and around Doncaster at the time. ESY877 Report on an An archaeological evaluation has been carried out on land off Y Y Archaeological Wood Street, Doncaster. This was in response to a proposal to Evaluation on Land develop the area as a five storey office block. The site was off Wood Street, formally occupied by Doncaster MBC education offices, Doncaster, South constructed in the 19th century. This appeared to have Yorkshire involved ground disturbance to a relatively deep level. This left a limited area in which it was useful to carry out the evaluation. A single trench was excavated which was found to contain remains dated to the Romano-British period. ESY1028 Building Appraisal Photographic survey of building to look for archaeological Y of 10-14A Hall potential. Extensive damage of the buildings by fire was Gate, Doncaster noted. Former 1920s Odeon Cinema and Art Deco shop fronts noted. There was also a former 3 storey townhouse. ESY1032 Trial trenching off Four trenches excavated between Priory Walk and Cleveland Y Cleveland Street, Street, Doncaster. Car Park, Doncaster In the southern part of the area a large ditch was recorded, running roughly along the line of Printing Office Street. This was dated to the 13th century or earlier, as were a number of pits. In the central area were a number of rubble filled, probably robber, pits. A pit containing Roman pottery was also recorded. ESY1033 Market Street Road Archaeological investigation of area surrounding human Y Resurfacing, remains found during road resurfacing. Doncaster ESY1035 Priory Walk Watching Brief revealed no late Medieval/early post-Medieval Y Watching Brief deposits identified in previous watching briefs. ESY1038 Excavation at St Roman features comprised three wide ditches probably Y Sepulchre Gate, representing vicus defences, as well as pits, a gully and a coin Doncaster hoard. Medieval features included four ovens, a well, a stone- lined pit with associated culvert and several rubbish or cess pits. No evidence for of buildings or burgage plots was identified. ESY1047 5,7,8 and 10 High The majority of the archaeology exposed comprised Roman Y Street, Doncaster layers and features, including floors of buildings, postholes, beam slots, remnants of stone walls, wells, gullies and pits. A rare double burial, containing two inhumations, was also found. The eastern edge of the Lincoln-York Roman road and ditch was revealed, aligned with the present High Street. Numerous artefacts were recovered including Roman glass, games counters, oil lamps, worked bone, quern stones, brooches and other copper objects. ESY1049 Excavation at The A gravel road representing an access route to the Friary Y Subscription immediately overlay and sealed the Roman remains. These Rooms, High Street, consisted of a construction trench and a possible wall Doncaster foundation, along with the remains of a surface and several post holes or small pits. The finds included a complete hobnailed boot, four intaglios, a number of coins and brooches and a bronze scalpel handle. These dated the features to the mid-late 2nd century. The substantial medieval road was

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probably of 12th century date. Over this road was constructed an open fronted building, possibly during the 13th/14th centuries. This was extended to contain a well in the 15th century and further modified into the 16th. Another building, containing a malting oven, was identified with a later medieval date. A number of other pits and areas of disturbance were also recorded. Evidence of industrial activity was also found on the site in the form of cattle horn cores, suggesting a Horner’s workshop, together with a cess pit and soak-away perhaps dating to the early 12th century. ESY1050 37-45 Printing An archaeological evaluation was undertaken by ASWYAS in Y Office Street, 2002 in response to the proposed demolition and Doncaster redevelopment of 37 - 45 Printing Office Street, although extensive cellaring restricted evaluation to a single open area to the rear of the demolished properties. Pottery was recovered ranging in date from the 12th to the 18th centuries. The remains of two stone walls and a dressed stone post were also discovered. These features are thought to be post- medieval in date. ESY1051 High Street 1960 Observations were made by Doncaster Museum's Keeper of Y Antiquities during the cutting of a service trench along the south-west side of High Street, running from the corner of St Sepulchre Gate to the corner of Hallgate and Waterdale. A section of two hard-packed gravel surfaces was recorded, presumably the remains of the Roman road. A large quantity of Roman pottery was also recovered. ESY1052 Hallgate Kiln, A medieval pottery kiln was discovered to the northeast of Hall Y Bradford Row Gate during excavations in 1964 and 1965, prior to the 1964-5 construction of the Bradford Row shopping centre. The kiln, defined as probably being a Type 2A two-flued, up draught kiln, was found with three pits all containing pottery wasters of cooking pots, bowls, jugs and pipkins. The kiln was in production from the late 12th century to the late 13th or early 14th century. ESY1368 Watching brief Watching brief undertaken during demolition of buildings at 8- Y conducted during 9 Hall Gate, Doncaster. The buildings, to the rear of the demolition of frontage, consist of a brick gabled building and a 20th century buildings at 8-9 Hall extension. Limited ground reduction precluded an assessment Gate, Doncaster of the below ground archaeological potential. ESY1478 Evaluations at Trial trenching identified a probable Roman ditch, and 19th- Y Waterdale, 20th century military practice trenches. It was also established Doncaster that archaeological deposits were located at variable heights across the site, suggesting modern landscaping. Further evaluation revealed at least two Roman cremation burials were recorded, along with a number of other, apparently unstratified Roman finds. Further remains of the 19th-20th century practice trenches were also recorded. ESY1479 Excavations at Excavations were undertaken at Waterdale ahead of Y Waterdale, redevelopment in 2010/11. A cremation cemetery of 1st-2nd Doncaster century date, containing 20-30 individuals was recorded, along with a small number of inhumations of 3rd/4th century date. Post-medieval features included mineral extraction pits and WWI trenches used during recruitment exercises. ESY1479 Excavations at Excavations were undertaken at Waterdale ahead of Y Waterdale, redevelopment in 2010/11. A cremation cemetery of 1st-2nd Doncaster century date, containing 20-30 individuals was recorded, along with a small number of inhumations of 3rd/4th century date. Post-medieval features included mineral extraction pits and WWI trenches used during recruitment exercises.

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SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY5804 Frenchgate Centre (within Bar Dike), Doncaster Shopping Centre Y HSY5805 High Street/ Frenchgate historic plot area, Commercial Core-Urban Y Doncaster HSY5816 Baxter Gate / Market Place North, Doncaster Commercial Core-Suburban Y HSY5817 Market place south and eastern sides, Commercial Core-Suburban Y Doncaster HSY5819 Market Place / site of St Mary Magdalene Markets Y Church, Doncaster HSY5823 Priory Place, Doncaster Terraced Housing Y HSY5824 Banks and telephone Exchange, Doncaster Commercial Core-Urban Y HSY5825 Bar and Restaurant, Cleveland Street, Commercial Core-Urban Y Doncaster HSY5826 Bowers Fold (south west corner of Market Commercial Core-Urban Y Place), Doncaster HSY5888 Doncaster College, University or College Y HSY5909 Chequer Road School Buildings, Doncaster School Y HSY5910 Doncaster College (Beechfield Park), Doncaster University or College Y HSY5911 Waterdale and Colonnades Centres, Doncaster Shopping Centre Y Y HSY5912 Cleveland Street / Trafford Way, Doncaster Ring Road / Bypass Y HSY5917 East Laithe Gate industrial area. Other Industry Y HSY5918 Hall Gate, Doncaster Commercial Core-Urban Y HSY5919 South end of Hall Gate, Doncaster Terraced Housing Y HSY5920 Water Dale, Doncaster Car Park Y HSY5921 South Parade, Doncaster Terraced Housing Y HSY5925 19th century terrace to the north west side of Terraced Housing Y Waterdale, Doncaster HSY5926 Crossgate House, Doncaster Civil & Municipal Buildings Y HSY5927 Waterdale Swimming Baths, Doncaster Leisure Centre Y HSY5932 St Sepulchre Gate, Doncaster Commercial Core-Suburban Y