Volume 14 2018-2019
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Dialogues @ RU Vol. 14 EDITORIAL BOARD FALL 2018 SPRING 2019 Abby Baker Ashley Abrams Natalie Brennan Kelly Allen Hope Dormer Jeannee Auguste Hanna Graifman Jasmine Basuel Katherine Hill Olivia Dineen Taylor Moreau Stephanie Felty Terese Osborne Alec Ferrigno Julianna Rossano Sophia Higgins Katharine Steely-Brown Lindsey Ipson Jennifer Territo Aniza Jahangir Tiffany Yang Esther Leaming Grace Lee Samuel Leibowitz-Lord EDITORS Wyonia McLaurin Tracy Budd Jordan Meyers Lynda Dexheimer Drew Mount Alyson Sandler Erin Telesford COVER DESIGN & Morgan Ulrich TYPESETTING Mike Barbetta © Copyright 2020 by Dialogues@RU All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. ii. CONTENTS Foreword • v Qurratul Akbar, Episode IV: A New Home • 1 Marianna Allen, Saving Dance • 14 Juwairia Ansari, Identity Displacement: How Psychological and Social Factors Intertwine to Impact Refugee Identity • 26 Benjamin Barnett, The Soggy Apple – Misaligned Incentives in NYC Climate Change Protection • 37 Emma Barr, Hearing ≠ Listening: Reconciliation of Hearing and Deaf Cultures • 49 Kenneth Basco, Pokémon Go Dissociate: Cognitive Dissonance in the Mind-Body Relationship in Virtual and Physical Representations of AR Games • 63 Jensen Benko, Constructing Diverse Queer Identity Through Writing Fan Fiction • 73 Simran Bhatia, Modern Maps and Their Detrimental Effects on Politics, Culture, and Behavior • 83 Maya Bryant, The Gentrification of Harlem • 98 Emily Carlos, Autistic Expression: Technology and Its Role in Identity Construction • 108 Eliot Choe, Modern Day Eyes on the Street • 122 Kajal Desai, The Identity Construction of the Black Female Performer in Hip Hop • 134 Mohammed Farooqui, Segregation in New York City Education: Why a Colorblind System is not really “Colorblind” • 148 Stephanie Felty, Reading Versus Watching: Narrative Fiction Consumption and Theory of Mind • 163 iii. Connor Kaminski, “I’m your boyfriend now!” A Queer Analysis of A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy’s Revenge • 176 Kaitlyn A. Kasauskas, Amateurs Abroad: An Ethical Investigation into Volunteer Placement Organizations • 188 Adam Mir, Understanding Polarization in the Age of Social Media • 199 Kristen O’Mara, That’s a Latte Caffeine: Why the NCAA Turns a Blind Eye • 210 Jason Park, Afrofuturism: A Movement of Rebellion • 223 Dhara Patel, The Effects of Partisanship on the Progress of Women in Congress • 234 Nina Petracca, Aang-Sty Journey of the Avatar: The Journey for Taoist Immortality • 251 Janelle Raymundo, Under Pressure: Influence of Culture on Mental Health for Asian-American Honors Students • 264 Brandon Wang, The Death Penalty: A Construction of Humane Punishment • 275 Zijun Xu, An Unsustainable Relationship: Fast Fashion and the Second-Hand Clothing Industry • 286 May Zelevski, The Westernization of Turkish Fashion • 299 iv. FOREWORD Please enjoy this collection of student essays from Rutgers under- graduate research and writing courses. Every semester the Writing Program issues a call for papers from students enrolled Research in the Disciplines sections. While course topics vary widely, as evident in the just a few of this volume’s titles, all “English 201” sections share a common pedagogy focus- ing on developing a critical analysis of texts, and a strong student voice. The work does not end when students find appropriate sources, in fact, that is the beginning. Critical insight, reflection, contemplation, and a thorough analysis of the texts, all contribute to the process of developing an indepen- dent and original idea. In learning how to craft an academic essay, students find themselves contributing to a scholarly discourse unfamiliar to them only months before. The best of this research is then selected for publica- tion by an entirely undergraduate editorial board. A quick sample of topics in this volume spans broad areas of interest and includes: notions of interiority and identity as expressed in fan-based narratives; the intersection of race and class in volunteer place- ment programs; a deconstruction of the model minority myth; textile waste and the second-hand clothing industry; and a critique of New York City’s climate change plan. The essays here are the products of incredible effort and deep thought. The authors work closely with student editors who are enrolled in the Writing Program’s Editing Internship or Editing and Conference Planning Internship. All phases of the editorial process are collaborative as student-authors and student-editors revise papers for Dialogues@RU. A tremendous amount of work and dedication, from both authors and edi- tors, is what makes this undergraduate journal proud to showcase its 14th volume. I would like to acknowledge the Writing Program’s continued commitment to Dialogues@RU, and the editing internships that produce it. A special note of thanks to Lynda Dexheimer, Executive Director of the Writing Program, editor, associate teaching professor, and most-beloved colleague. Her tireless efforts and constant problem-solving make her in- valuable. Tracy Budd Co-editor Rutgers University v. Qurratul Akbar Episode IV: A New Home ABSTRACT As the threat of the climate crisis continues to grow due to overpop- ulation and overexploitation of the planet, scientists have suggested the idea of extraterrestrial settlements as a solution. Current plans for this under- taking include the colonization of Mars or construction of space habitats similar to existing space stations. By considering the events that followed the voyage of Christopher Columbus from Europe to the Americas in 1492, hereafter referred to as the Columbian Exchange, this paper explores the possible benefits and risks of interfering with the natural course of the human population. Although space colonies would be an unprecedented scientific breakthrough that would ultimately resolve the climate crisis, the foreign location would prompt lasting effects on human civilization, such as potential disease outbreaks, development of slavery, and mutation of the human species. Alternatively, rather than repeating history once again, this paper emphasizes the importance of rectifying societal attitudes and stances regarding the treatment of habitats. A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away… The planet Earth is on the brink of falling apart. Due to the devastating effects of exponential human population growth, Earth is struggling to sustain life. Humans are now left with the choice of establishing colonies in outer space in order to escape their planet’s destruction. However, history (in particular, the Co- lumbian Exchange) demonstrates that when humans colonize a new en- vironment, disastrous events occur. For example, European colonization of the New World led to the enslavement of Africans as well as exposed Native Americans to virulent diseases that ravaged their populations. Us- ing the Columbian Exchange as a guide to enlighten their understanding on how space may not be their new home, the human population must decide to what extent the benefits outweigh the risks of venturing into the unknown … INTRODUCTION Unlike any other groups of living organisms that have existed on planet Earth, the human species has continually manipulated its environ- 1 ment to exceed its carrying capacity. However, there seems to be an end in sight. The resources required to sustain the human population’s uncon- trolled growth surpass the supply of natural resources provided by Earth. Along with overpopulation, there are dozens of consequences that come along with the exploitation of the planet. In recent years, some scientists have begun to look beyond the limits of Earth as the solution to this cri- sis. Nevertheless, much controversy surrounds the idea of extraterrestrial colonies. Many wonder of possible threats that may arise from settling in space, while others believe it is the only chance of survival for the human species and thus worth the risk. To make this determination, this paper will use the Columbian Exchange as the theoretical framework to exam- ine arguments for and against human existence in outer space. First, I will touch on the potential effects of interfering with the natural course of the human population, and provide a brief background on the various forms of extraterrestrial human settlement. Then, I will address the advantages of settling in space as a potential solution to Earth’s overpopulation crisis. The paper will then identify the potential negative effects of space us- age, namely disease, physical harm, and slavery, which I conclude pose a much greater threat to humans than is worth the risk. UNNATURAL SELECTION Due to resourcefulness and usage of tools, the human popula- tion was able to exceed its carrying capacity, or “the average population density or population size of a species below which its numbers tend to increase and above which its numbers tend to decrease because of short- ages of resources” as defined by Britannica, and become the most evolved and superior species on the planet. Primitive species without access to tools can only rely on natural selection—the “natural process that results in the survival and reproductive success of individuals or groups best ad- justed to their environment and that leads to the perpetuation of genetic qualities best suited to that particular environment,” as defined by Merri- am-Webster—to advance. Natural selection is the driving force of evo- lution. Although the human species is also affected by natural selection, it has the ability to intentionally select for desirable traits. This process of interfering with the natural