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Introduction to Sonar, Naval Education and Training Command. Revised Edition

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Introduction to Sonar, Naval Education and Training Command. Revised Edition DOCUMENT RESUME ED 129 585 SE 021 157 TITLE Introduction to Sonar, Naval Education and Irainin(; Command. Revised Edition. INSTITUTION Naval Education and Training Command, Pensacola, Fla. REPORT NO NAVEDTRA-10130-C PUB DATE 76 NOTE 223p.; Photographs and shaded figures may not reproduce well AVAILABLE FROM Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (Stock Number 0502-LP-050-6510; No price quoted) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.83 HC-$12.71 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Acoustics; *Inservice Education; *InLicructional Ni..terials; *Marine Technicians; Military Personnel; Military Training; *Physics; Science Education; *Technical Education; Textbooks IDENTIFIERS *Navy; *Sonar ABSTRACT This Rate Training Manual (FTM) and Nonresident Career Course form a self-study package for those U.S. Navy personnel who are seeking advancement in the Sonar Technician Rating. Among the requirements of the rating are the abilities to obtain and interpret underwater data, operate and maintain upkeep of sonar equipment, and interpret target and oceonographic data. Designed for individual study and not formal classroom instruction, this book provides subject matter that relates directly to the occupational qualifications of the Sonar Technician Rating. Included in the book are chapters on the physics of sound, the bathythermograph, principles of sonar, basic fire control, test equipment and methods, and security. (Author/MH) *********************************************************************** Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished *materials not available from other sources. ERIC makes every effort* *to obtain the best copy available. Nevertheless, items of marginal *reproducibility are often encountered and this affects the quality *of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductions ERIC makes available *via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDPS is not At *responsible for the quality of the original document. Reproductions* *supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original. *********************************************************************** Cr.- 64 4.$ eri4'7 111"."--- 00 04,V. ' N AND TRAINING COMMAND , . , TRAINING MANUAL 1. SIDENT CAREER COURSE EDTRA 10130-C 7. PREFACE This Rate Training Manual and Nonresident CareerCourse (RTM/NRCC) form a self-study package for those personnelwho are seeking advancement in the Sonar Technician Rating. This package willenable these personnel to helpthemselvesfulfillthe requirements of the rating. Among these requirements are the abilities to obtain and interpretunderwater data for operational use; operate and maintain upkeep ofsonar equipment; perform as a member of an antisubmarine (A/S) attack team; interprettarget and oceanogaphic data; perform intermediate maintenanceon sonar and allied equipment; and to work with records andreports associated with sonar operations. Designed for individual study and not formalclassroom instruction, the RTM provides subject matter that relatesdirectly to the occupational qualifications of the Sonar Technician Rating. The NRCC provides the usualway of satisfying the requirements for completing the RTM. The set of assignments inthe NRCC includes learning objectives and supporting items designed to lead studentsthrough the RTM. This training manual and nonresidentcareer course was prepared by the Naval Education and Training ProgramDevelopment Center, Pensacola, Florida, for the Chief of Naval Education andTraining. Technical assistance was provided by Fleet Antisubmarine Warfare Training Center Pacific,San Diego, California; Naval Submarine School, Groton,Connecticut; Naval Underwater Sound Lab, New London, Connecticut; andNaval Intelligence Support Center, Washington, D.C. Revised 1976 Stock Ordering No. 0502-LP-050-6510 Published by NAVAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING SUPPORTCOMMAND UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON, D.C.: 1976 3 THE UNITED STATES NAVY GUARDIAN OF OUR COUNTRY The United States Navy is responsible for maintaining control of the sea and is a ready force on watch at home and overseas, capable of strong action to preserve the peace or of instant offensive action to win in war. It is upon the maintenance of this control that our country's glorious future depends; the United States Navy exists to make it so. WE SERVE WITH HONOR Tradition, valor, and victory are the Navy's heritage from the past. To these may be added dedication, disciphne, and vigilance as the watchwords of the present and the future. At home or on distant stations we serve with pride, confident in the respect of our country, our shipmates, and our families. Our responsibilities sober us; our adversities strengthen us. Service to God and Country is our special privilege. We serve with honor. THE FUTURE OF THE NAVY The Navy will always employ new weapons, new techniques, and greater power to protect and defend the United States on the sea, under the sea, and in the air. Now and in the future, control of the sea gives the United States her greatest advantage for the maintenance of peace and for victory in war. Mobility, surprise, dispersal, and offensive power are the keynotes of the new Navy. The roots of the Navy lie in a strong belief in the future, in continued dedication to our tasks, and in reflection on our heritage from the past. Never have our opportunities and our responsibilities been greater. li CONTENTS CHAPTER Page The Sonar Technician 1 2. History and Development of ASW 15 3. Physics of Sound 35 4. Bathythermograph 58 5. Bearings and Motion 71 6. Principles of Sonar 85 7. Basic Fire Control 109 8. Con .munications 127 9. Test Equipment; Test Methods; Maintenance 141 10. Security 162 APPENDIX 1.Glossary 173 1NDEX 178 Occupational Standards 185 Nol.c.esident Career Course Follows OccupationalStandards 5 III CHAPTER 1 THE SONAR TECHNICIAN A substantialforce of conventionalind (as applicable), and associatedgear. They musi nuclear-poweredsubmarines, many of them also be able to perform both operational and capable of launching nuclear missiles, represents preventive maintenance on the equipment they a potential threat to our country's security and a operate. This training manual is designed to heir continuingchallengetoourNavy's you meet theprofessional qualificationsfor antisubmarine forces. advancement to Third Class Sonar Technician. To meet this challenge. U.S. Navy ships and The most sensible approach toyour studies is to submarinescontinuallyconductexercisesin first understand the general makeup ofthe text. antisub marinewarfare (ASW ) operations, This book is a self-study manual writtento help revising tactics and evaluating new methods and you become a Sonar Technician with the least equipment used for detecting and destroying possible outside assistance. To aidyou in this enemy underwater craft.Destroyers.frigates, respect, chapters with related subject matterare and cruisers are our main antisubmarine (A/S) grouped together to make studying easier. surface vessels. They provide protection against Even though there always is the temptation submarines for major surface ships by forminga to skip the front matter of a book andgct on sonar screen around the ship. Upon detection of with studying the text, this practice isa costly a submarine trying to penetrate the screen. the shortcut and should be avoided. Ifyou skimmed A/S vessel initiates an attack, and themain body through the front matter of this trainingmanual turns away from the contact area. Ourown to get on to chapter I. go back, now read that submarinesparticularly nuclear-powered types material. witht heirgenerallysuperiordetection The table of contents givesyou an overall equipmentplay an equally important role is picture of the subject matter coveredin this ASW. They are capable of selecting the depth manual. By using it, you can locatea general thatprovides thebest underwater detection subject, such as underwater sound equipment co nd i t io ns. Additionally.theyhavethe for submarine detection and navigation.The enduranceto conduct surveillance operations preface tells you the purpose of themanual, over wide ocean areas. who wroteit,and who providedtechnical The SonarTechnicianwhetheron a assistance. submarine or a surface shipis an indispensable While you are studying this manual,you will contributor to our nation's defense. The primary findthe indexatthe back of the booka taskofallsonar personnelistoprovide time-saving reference. By checking theindex, underwater data for operational use. you can locate specific data abouta particular In to relation thattask.several sonar set or piece of sonar equipment. Itis responsibilities are applicable to all branches of actually an alphabetical list of the important the rating. All Sonar Technicians must be able to points or keywords in this book,along with the operate the sonar equipment installed on their page(s) where each subject is discussed. particularships.Thisresponsibilityincludes Each chapter has been preparedto satisfy manipulation and interpretation of data derived the latest change in the Manual of NaryEnlisted from sonar equipment. fire control equipment Manpower and Persomzel Classificationsand 6 INTRODUCTION TOSONAR Inust cases will belimited to the sonar gang()t- Occvnational Standards,NAVPERS 18008-D, surface ASW shipsuchasa occupational (professional) anoperating .and covers only the destroyer. qualifications, not the militaryrequirements. chaptergives Theremainderofthis Submarine Sonar Technician(STS) information calculated tohelp you in working that for advancement.
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