Appendix F2- Streamline Documentation for Group Properties

Map ID Name APN Address City Year Built Status Code* F2-A-1 through F2-A-20 Gardena Neighborhood Multiple Multiple Glendale Multiple 6Z F2-B-1 through F2-B-48 Seneca Neighborhood Multiple Multiple Los Angeles Multiple 6Z *California Historical Resources Status Codes: 6Z: Found ineligible for NR, CR or Local designation through survey evaluation. Appendix F2: Streamlined Documentation (Group)

Gardena Avenue Neighborhood Cover Sheet

MR Number: F2-A-1 through F2-A-20 APN: Multiple, see attached matrix City: Glendale

Address: Multiple, see attached matrix

Year built: Multiple, see attached matrix Context: Residential Development

Alterations:

The Gardena Avenue neighborhood is an example of a residential tract developed as a part of a streetcar suburb. It consists primarily of modest single family residences in the Craftsman style, constructed during the 1910s and 1920s. Infill development includes a few single family residences constructed in the 1930s through 1950s, and a number of two to three-story multifamily residential buildings constructed in the 1960s. The multifamily buildings are visually prominent within the neighborhood and out of scale with the smaller single family residences. The Craftsman cottages that do remain in the neighborhood have been altered over time, most commonly with changes to the exterior cladding, and the replacement and resizing of windows and doors. These alterations have diminished the integrity of the individual resources such that they no longer reflect their historic identity as 1910s- 1920s Craftsman bungalows. As a result of cumulative changes to the neighborhood, including diminished integrity of the individual buildings and the residential blocks as a whole, it no longer reflects its historic identity as a streetcar suburb.

Small-scale residential properties like those found in the Gardena Avenue Neighborhood are extremely ubiquitous in Southern California, particularly those constructed during the 1920s and after World War II. Economic prosperity, population increases, and building booms during these two periods prompted high levels of construction activity, resulting in thousands of similar resources throughout the region. Many single-family homes and duplexes were built in large quantities by tract developers using simplified designs inspired by the era’s most popular architectural styles.

The homogenous nature and sheer volume of these residences makes it unlikely that any single example would rise to the level of individual significance. The history of these resources is better understood as a representation of wider development patterns in the twentieth century; as such, they are better evaluated as a group. However, as discussed above, the Gardena Avenue Neighborhood as a whole has been significantly altered over time and no longer retains sufficient integrity to reflect its history as a streetcar suburb. This group of properties has no demonstrable potential for historic significance within the residential context, for a significant historical association, or as an excellent example of an architectural style or property type. Furthermore, it has been substantially altered from its historic appearance.

Building History:

When the first houses on Gardena Avenue were built, they were not in Glendale. They were instead in the center of a town called Tropico, which existed from 1911 to 1918. Going back further, in 1868, 671 acres of what had started as the 36,000-acre Rancho San Rafael were sold to W.C.B. Richardson. He Appendix F2: Streamlined Documentation (Group)

Gardena Avenue Neighborhood Cover Sheet named this land straddling the Los Angeles River Santa Eulalia Ranch, and it was eventually known for its strawberries, dubbed “Tropico Beauties.”1

Development began slowly in 1873, when Richardson gave the Southern Pacific Railroad 16 acres for a train depot in the present site of the Glendale Transportation Center, just three blocks from the future site of Gardena Avenue.2 In 1887 the depot was named Tropico. Later the main east-west road (now Los Feliz Boulevard) was named Tropico Avenue.

In addition to leasing out land to Japanese strawberry farmers and making the depot a major shipping center for regional produce,3 Richardson brought in another major industry in 1900. Along with prominent partners like Griffith J. Griffith, he opened a large tile factory at what is now 2901 Los Feliz Boulevard, one mile from Gardena Avenue. The first of its kind west of the Mississippi, Tropico Art Tile Works employed over 800 employees, a third of them women, and 100 artisans from the east. By 1909 the factory was producing 30,000 enamel bricks per day.4

Around that time, Richardson provided a right-of-way to L.C. Brand and Henry Huntington for their Interurban Pacific Electric Railway connecting Los Angeles and Glendale.5 The line opened in 1904, running along what is now Glendale Boulevard. During this same period Richardson moved away from farming and subdivided the ranch. In 1902, the appropriately named 40-acre Richardson Tract was subdivided, followed by the Atwater Tract across the railroad tracks.6 The Richardson tract was advertised as “adjoining the Los Angeles city limits,” so, “city taxes are avoided.” It was also “properly restricted.”7 A further subdivision, the Santa Eulalia Tract, encompassing the railroad depot and the future Gardena Avenue, followed in 1910, the streets being laid out in 1912. The next 10 years would see a flurry of construction as Gardena Avenue and the streets around it filled up with single-family residences.

Though newly incorporated as a municipality, Tropico was already feeling the pull of annexation. The improvements necessary for a new community would be easier as part of a city, so the southern portion of Tropico (now Atwater Village) joined Los Angeles in 1910, while the northern portion held out until 1918, when it joined its neighbor to the north, Glendale.8

Today, little exists from the days of Tropico. The oldest buildings in its business district, which was centered at San Fernando Road and Central Avenue, date from the 1920s. Many of the Tropico-era houses in the Santa Eulalia tract have been replaced as well. Even on Gardena Avenue between Topock

1 Nathan Masters, “The Lost City of Tropico, California,” KCET, June 16, 2004, accessed August 8, 2016 https://www.kcet.org/lost-la/the-lost-city-of-tropico-california. 2 Carr, Nancy, Sandra Caravella, Luis Lopez, and Ann Lawson. Images of America: Atwater Village. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2011., 7. 3 Ibid. 4 Dan Mosier, “Tropico Potteries, Inc., Western Tile Company,” California Bricks, 2016, accessed August 8, 2016, https://calbricks.netfirms.com/brick.tropicobm.html. 5 Carr, Caravella, Lopez & Lawson, 8. 6 Ibid. 7 Carr, Caravella, Lopez & Lawson, 17. 8 Masters. Appendix F2: Streamlined Documentation (Group)

Gardena Avenue Neighborhood Cover Sheet and Tyburn Streets, with its high concentration of Craftsman style houses, only 15 of 42 properties date from the time of Tropico (with seven from the 1920s and the rest ranging from the 1930s to the 2000s). Topock Street itself is a later addition, having replaced two lots as it connected Gardena and Vassar Avenues after Gardena Avenue was cut off from Glendale Boulevard (likely as a result of the grade separation of the Glendale Boulevard and the SPRR right-of-way in 1960). With the former Tropico depot having been rebuilt in 1923 and the tile factory long gone, the last major remnant of Tropico is Forest Lawn Cemetery four blocks away, which opened in 1906.

Appendix F2: Streamlined Documentation (Group)

Gardena Avenue Neighborhood Map Sheet

The Santa Eulalia Tract is outlined in red. The portion of the tract that falls within the APE, referred to as the Gardena Avenue Neighborhood for the purposes of this Streamlined Documentation form, is outlined in black. Appendix F2: Streamlined Documentation (Group)

Gardena Avenue Neighborhood Property Matrix

APE Map Assessor’s Parcel Address Year Built Status Code Reference No. Number (APN) 1817 GARDENA AVE F2-A-1 5640-041-003 GLENDALE CA 91204 1913 6Z 1821 GARDENA AVE F2-A-2 5640-041-004 GLENDALE CA 91204 1912 6Z 1823 GARDENA AVE F2-A-3 5640-041-005 GLENDALE CA 91204 1912 6Z 1827 GARDENA AVE F2-A-4 5640-041-006 GLENDALE CA 91204 1912 6Z 1831 GARDENA AVE F2-A-5 5640-041-007 GLENDALE CA 91204 1911 6Z 1835 GARDENA AVE F2-A-6 5640-041-008 GLENDALE CA 91204 1913 6Z 1839 GARDENA AVE F2-A-7 5640-041-009 GLENDALE CA 91204 1913 6Z 1843 GARDENA AVE F2-A-8 5640-041-010 GLENDALE CA 91204 1912 6Z 1847 GARDENA AVE F2-A-9 5640-041-011 GLENDALE CA 91204 1912 6Z 1905 GARDENA AVE F2-A-10 5640-041-013 GLENDALE CA 91204 1912 6Z 1909 GARDENA AVE F2-A-11 5640-041-014 GLENDALE CA 91204 1911 6Z 1911 GARDENA AVE F2-A-12 5640-041-015 GLENDALE CA 91204 1963 6Z 1913 GARDENA AVE F2-A-13 5640-041-016 GLENDALE CA 91204 1911 6Z 1917 GARDENA AVE F2-A-14 5640-041-017 GLENDALE CA 91204 1911 6Z 1925 GARDENA AVE F2-A-15 5640-041-018 GLENDALE CA 91204 1923 6Z 1927 GARDENA AVE F2-A-16 5640-041-019 GLENDALE CA 91204 1962 6Z 1933 GARDENA AVE F2-A-17 5640-041-020 GLENDALE CA 91204 1938 6Z 1937 GARDENA AVE F2-A-18 5640-041-021 GLENDALE CA 91204 1912 6Z 1910 S BRAND BLVD F2-A-19 5640-041-025 GLENDALE CA 91204 1953 6Z 1851 TOPOCK ST F2-A-20 5640-041-028 GLENDALE CA 91204 1964 6Z Appendix F2: Streamlined Documentation (Group)

Gardena Avenue Neighborhood Photo Sheet

GARDENA AVE OVERVIEW, GLENDALE CA, VIEW LOOKING NORTHWEST, APRIL 2015 (GOOGLE MAPS)

TOPOCK ST OVERVIEW, GLENDALE CA, VIEW LOOKING SOUTHWEST, APRIL 2015 (GOOGLE MAPS)

1817 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 1821 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 APN: 5640-041-003 APN: 5640-041-004 Appendix F2: Streamlined Documentation (Group)

Gardena Avenue Neighborhood Photo Sheet

1823 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 1827 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 APN: 5640-041-005 APN: 5640-041-006

1831 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 1835 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 APN: 5640-041-007 APN: 5640-041-008

1839 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 1843 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 APN: 5640-041-009 APN: 5640-041-010

1847 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 1905 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 APN: 5640-041-011 APN: 5640-041-013 Appendix F2: Streamlined Documentation (Group)

Gardena Avenue Neighborhood Photo Sheet

1909 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 1911 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 APN: 5640-041-014 APN: 5640-041-015

1913 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 1917 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 APN: 5640-041-016 APN: 5640-041-017

1925 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 1927 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 APN: 5640-041-018 APN: 5640-041-019

1933 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 1937 GARDENA AVE GLENDALE CA 91204 APN: 5640-041-020 APN: 5640-041-021 Appendix F2: Streamlined Documentation (Group)

Gardena Avenue Neighborhood Photo Sheet

1910 S BRAND BLVD GLENDALE CA 91204 1851 TOPOCK ST GLENDALE CA 91204 APN: 5640-041-025 APN: 5640-041-028

Appendix F2: Streamlined Documentation (Group)

Seneca Avenue Neighborhood Cover Sheet

MR Number: F2-B-1 through F2-B-48 APN: Multiple, see attached matrix City: Los Angeles

Address: Multiple, see attached matrix

Year built: Multiple, see attached matrix Context: Residential Development

Alterations:

The Seneca Avenue neighborhood is an example of a residential tract developed as part of a streetcar suburb. It consists primarily of modest single family residences that were constructed during the 1910s and 1920s in the Craftsman and Mediterranean Revival architectural styles. Infill development includes single family residences or duplexes constructed in the 1930s through 1950s, and a number of two and three-story apartment buildings constructed in the 1960s. The later apartment buildings are visually prominent within the neighborhood and out of scale with the smaller single family residences and duplexes. The Craftsman and Mediterranean Revival style residential buildings that do remain in the neighborhood have been significantly altered over time, most commonly with changes to the exterior cladding, replacement and resizing of windows and doors, and the construction of second story additions. These alterations have diminished the integrity of the individual resources such that they no longer reflect their historic identity as 1920s Craftsman and Mediterranean Revival bungalows. As a result of cumulative changes to the neighborhood, including diminished integrity of the individual buildings and the residential blocks as a whole, it no longer reflects its historic identity as a streetcar suburb.

Small-scale residential properties like those found in the Seneca Avenue Neighborhood are extremely ubiquitous in Southern California, particularly those constructed during the 1920s and after World War II. Economic prosperity, population increases, and building booms during these two periods prompted high levels of construction activity, resulting in thousands of similar resources throughout the region. Many single-family homes and duplexes were built in large quantities by tract developers using simplified designs inspired by the era’s most popular architectural styles. The Seneca Avenue Neighborhood was initially owned and developed by Pacific Home Builders, said to have been one of the largest home-building companies in Los Angeles at the time,1 indicating that they were responsible for constructing large quantities of homes at once.

This group of properties has no demonstrable potential for historic significance within the residential context, for a significant historical association, or as an excellent example of an architectural style or property type. Furthermore, it has been substantially altered from its historic appearance.

1 Sandra Caravella, Luis Lopez, Ann Lawson, Images of America: Atwater Village (Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2011), 18. Appendix F2: Streamlined Documentation (Group)

Seneca Avenue Neighborhood Cover Sheet

Building History:

In 1868, 671 acres of what had started as the 36,000-acre Rancho San Rafael were sold to W.C.B. Richardson. He named this land straddling the Los Angeles River Santa Eulalia Ranch, and it was eventually known for its strawberries, dubbed “Tropico Beauties.”2 In addition to leasing out land to Japanese farmers, Richardson provided a right-of-way to the Southern Pacific Railroad for a route cutting through the ranch, as well as a depot, whose name, Tropico, came to represent the community that grew around it.

After the turn of the century, the portions of Tropico to the northeast and southwest of the tracks diverged, as the southwestern portion joined the city of Los Angeles in 1910, and the northeastern section was incorporated as the short-lived town of Tropico (now part of Glendale) in 1911. Like many other San Fernando Valley agricultural communities, part of the motivation for joining Los Angeles was access to the water about to pour in from the Los Angeles Aqueduct.3 This community would come to be known as Atwater Village.

Development in Atwater Village began in earnest in 1912 with several subdivisions, including Angelus Park, with Seneca Avenue, Los Feliz Boulevard, Brunswick Avenue and Glendale Boulevard as its borders. The Angelus Park tract, owned by Pacific Home Builders,4 was divided into lots approximately 50 by 150 feet, ranging in price from $550 to $1,500.5 On some lots, the developers built houses, sometimes in whole rows, while on others the buyers built their own houses.7

2 Nathan Masters, “The Lost City of Tropico, California,” KCET, June 16, 2004, accessed August 8, 2016 https://www.kcet.org/lost-la/the-lost-city-of-tropico-california. 3 Neil Malmberg, “A History of Atwater Village,” 1995, accessed August 9, 2016 http://friendsofatwatervillage.org/blog/historyofatwatervillage.pdf, 3 4 Ibid., 18. 5 Ibid., 8. 7 Ibid., 4. Appendix F2: Streamlined Documentation (Group)

Seneca Neighborhood Map Sheet

The Angelus Park tract is outlined in red. The portion of the tract that falls within the APE, referred to as the Seneca Neighborhood for the purposes of this Streamlined Documentation form, is outlined in black. Appendix F2: Streamlined Documentation (Group)

Seneca Avenue Neighborhood Property Matrix

Map Reference Assessor’s Parcel Address Year Built Status Code No. Number (APN) F2‐B‐1 5435‐001‐004 3619 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1924 6Z F2‐B‐2 5435‐001‐005 3625 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1924 6Z F2‐B‐3 5435‐001‐006 3629 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1922 6Z F2‐B‐4 5435‐001‐007 3635 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1920 6Z F2‐B‐5 5435‐001‐008 3641 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1917 6Z F2‐B‐6 5435‐001‐009 3703 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1920 6Z F2‐B‐7 5435‐001‐010 3707 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921 6Z F2‐B‐8 5435‐001‐011 3713 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921 6Z F2‐B‐9 5435‐001‐012 3723 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921 6Z F2‐B‐10 5435‐001‐013 3729 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1922 6Z F2‐B‐11 5435‐001‐014 3733 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1923 6Z F2‐B‐12 5435‐001‐015 3737 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921 6Z F2‐B‐13 5435‐001‐016 3745 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1922 6Z F2‐B‐14 5435‐002‐001 3749 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1952 6Z F2‐B‐15 5435‐002‐002 3803 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921 6Z F2‐B‐16 5435‐002‐003 3807 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1923 6Z F2‐B‐17 5435‐002‐004 3811 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1920 6Z F2‐B‐18 5435‐002‐005 3817 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1923 6Z F2‐B‐19 5435‐002‐006 3821 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921 6Z F2‐B‐20 5435‐002‐007 3825 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1924 6Z F2‐B‐21 5435‐002‐008 3829 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921 6Z F2‐B‐22 5435‐002‐009 3833 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921 6Z Appendix F2: Streamlined Documentation (Group)

Seneca Avenue Neighborhood Property Matrix

F2‐B‐23 5435‐002‐010 3837 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921 6Z F2‐B‐24 5435‐002‐011 3841 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1920 6Z F2‐B‐25 5435‐002‐012 3845 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1913 6Z F2‐B‐26 5435‐002‐013 3849 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1914 6Z F2‐B‐27 5435‐002‐014 3853 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921 6Z F2‐B‐28 5435‐002‐015 3857 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921 6Z F2‐B‐29 5435‐002‐016 3861 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1948 6Z F2‐B‐30 5435‐002‐017 3867 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921 6Z F2‐B‐31 5435‐002‐018 3871 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1923 6Z F2‐B‐32 5435‐002‐019 3877 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1922 6Z F2‐B‐33 5435‐003‐001 3903 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1922 6Z F2‐B‐34 5435‐003‐002 3913 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921 6Z F2‐B‐35 5435‐003‐003 3917 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921 6Z F2‐B‐36 5435‐003‐004 3921 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1923 6Z F2‐B‐37 5435‐003‐005 3925 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1941 6Z F2‐B‐38 5435‐003‐006 3929 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1924 6Z F2‐B‐39 5435‐003‐007 3933 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921 6Z F2‐B‐40 5435‐003‐008 3935 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1923 6Z F2‐B‐41 5435‐003‐009 3941 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1922 6Z F2‐B‐42 5435‐003‐010 3943 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1922 6Z F2‐B‐43 5435‐003‐011 3949 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921 6Z F2‐B‐44 5435‐003‐012 3953 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1920 6Z F2‐B‐45 5435‐003‐013 3957 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1922 6Z Appendix F2: Streamlined Documentation (Group)

Seneca Avenue Neighborhood Property Matrix

F2‐B‐46 5435‐003‐014 3961 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1922 6Z F2‐B‐47 5435‐003‐015 3965 SENECA AVE LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1922 6Z F2‐B‐48 5435‐004‐017 3966 SENECA AVE 6Z LOS ANGELES CA 90039 1921

Appendix F2: Streamlined Documentation (Group)