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15676 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE August 23 and its grounds should be looked upon George Stewart should be in his achieve­ the Architect should be an architect. I for what they really are-a monwnent ments in improving the Capitol and believe he has met the challenge set to our form of Government and a sym­ maintaining its traditions while bring­ down by a long line of predecessors and bol of our past and our hopes for the ing it into the mid-twentieth century, that the Nation has benefited from his future. The measure of the success of not in the question of whether or not dedicated service to us all.

The Clerk called the roll, and the fol­ appropriated pursuant to this section for use HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lowing Members failed to answer to their beginning in fiscal year 1964.'." names: Page 11, line· 2, strike out "$200,000,000" FRIDAY, AUGUST 23, 1963 [Roll No. 131] and insert in lieu thereof "$150,000,000". Page 11, line 16, strike out "$1,225,000,000" Bass Keith Pilcher The House met at 12 o'clock noon. Davis, Tenn. Keogh Powell and insert in lieu thereof "$1,000,000,000". The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Braskamp, Dulski McDade Roberts, Ala. D.D., offered the following prayer: Edwards Matthews Shelley Mr. MORGAN. Mr. Speaker, I move Elliott Miller, Calif. Smith, Va. the previous question on the motion to Revelation 21: 7: He that overcometh Grant Nix Thompson, La. recommit. shall inherit all things; and I will be his Hanna O'Brien, Ill. W1llis Harvey, Mich. O'Neill Wright The previous question was ordered. God, and he shall be my son. Henderson Osmers The SPEAKER. The question is on O Thou who art the source of strength The SPEAKER. On this rollcall 406 the motion to recommit. and courage, of light and hope in these Mr. ADAIR. Mr. Speaker, on that I days that are shrouded in darkness, grant Members have answered to their names, a quorwn. demand the yeas and nays. that we may know the secret of victorious The yeas and nays were ordered. and joyous living as we look wistfully and By unanimous consent, further pro­ anxiously toward the future. ceedings under the call were dispensed The question was taken; and there with. were-yeas 222, nays 188, not voting 23, We pray that Thou wilt deliver and as follows: lift mankind out of its atheistic and ag­ [Roll No. 132] nostic tempers of mind. Fill us with a FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1963 real and radiant faith in the Lord God YEAS-222 omnipotent who reigns as the Supreme The SPEAKER. The unfinished busi­ Abbitt Flynt Mills ness is the reading of the engrossed copy Abele Ford Minshall Ruler of the universe. Abernethy Foreman Moore Enable us by Thy grace to gain for of the bill, H.R. 7885, to amend further Adair Forrester Morton ourselves and others the mastery over the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as Alger Fountain Mosher amended, and for other purposes. Anderson Gathings Murray all trialn and tribulations and may the Andrews Gavin Natcher spirit of our blessed Lord be the strength The Clerk will read the engrossed copy Arends Glenn Nelsen of our souls, His truth our shield, and of the bill. Ashbrook Goodell Norblad Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I ask Ashmore Goodling O'Konski His companionship our joy. Auchincloss Griffin Ostertag May integrity of character, fidelity to unanimous consent that the engrossed Avery Gross Passman duty, and obedience to Thy will be the copy of the bill be considered as read. Ayres Grover Pelly The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Baker Gubser Perkins cardinal and crowning virtues in our Baring Gurney Pillion lives. the request of the gentleman from Okla­ Bates Hagan, Ga. Pirnie homa? Battin Haley Poage Hear us in Christ's name. Amen. Becker Hall Poff There was no objection. Beermann Halleck Pool Mr. ADAIR. Mr. Speaker, I offer a Belcher Harris Quie THE JOURNAL motion to recommit. Bell Harrison Quillen The SPEAKER. Is the gentleman op­ Bennett, Mich. Harsha Reid, Ill. Berry Harvey. Ind. Reifel The Journal of the proceedings of yes­ posed to the bill? Betts Henderson Rhodes, Ariz. terday was read and approved. Mr. ADAIR. I am, Mr. Speaker. Bolton, Herlong Rich The SPEAKER. The gentleman quali­ Oliver P. Hoeven Riehlma.n Bow Hoffman Rivers, S.C. fies. The Clerk will report the motion Bray Horan Roberts, Tex. COMMITTEE ON BANKING AND to recommit. Brock Horton Robison CURRENCY The Clerk read as follows: Bromwell Hosmer Rogers, Tex. Brotzman Huddleston Roudebush Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. ADAIR moves to recommit the bill (H.R. Brown, Ohio Hull Roush unanimous consent that the Committee 7885) to the Committee on Foreign Affairs Broyhill, N.C. Hutchinson Rumsfeld with instructions to report the same to the Broyhill, Va. !chord St. George on Banking and Currency be permitted Bruce House forthwith with the following amend­ Jarman Saylor to sit during general debate to~ay. Burleson Jennings Schadeberg The SPEAKER. Is there objection to ments: Burton Jensen Schenck Page 5, immediately after line 4, insert the Byrnes, Wis. Johansen Schneebeli the request of the gentleman from Okla­ following: Cannon Jonas Schweiker homa? "SEC. 106. Section 202(a), which relates to Casey Jones, Mo. Scott authorization, is amended by striking out Cederberg Kilburn Selden Mr. OLIVER P. BOLTON. Mr. Chamberlain Kilgore Senner Speaker, reserving the right to object, 'and $1,500,000,000 for each of the next four Chelf King,N.Y. Short may I inquire what general debate we succeeding fiscal years,' and inserting in lieu Chenoweth Knox Shriver will have today? thereof ', $1,500,000,000 for the fiscal year Clancy Kornegay Sibal Mr. ALBERT. The only general de­ 1963, $900,000,000 for the fiscal year 1964, and Clausen, Kunkel Sikes $1,500,000,000 for each of the next two suc­ DonH. Kyl Siler bate will be special orders. ceeding fiscal years,'." C'lawson, Del Laird Skubitz The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Cleveland Landrum Smith, Calif. And renumber the following sections ac­ Collier Langen Smith, Va.. the request of the gentleman from Okla­ cordingly Colmer Latta. Snyder homa? Page 10, strike out lines 6 through 10, in­ Corbett Lennon Springer There was no objection. clusive, a.nd insert in lieu thereof the fol­ Cramer Lipscomb Stafford lowing: Cunningham Lloyd Stephens Curtin McClory Stinson "(b) Section 252, which relates to authori­ Curtis McCulloch Stubblefield CALL OF THE HOUSE zation, is amended as follows: Dague Mcintire Taft " ( 1) In the first sentence, strike out 'fiscal Davis, Ga. McLoskey Talcott Mr. O'BRIEN of New York. Mr. years 1963 through 1966, not to exceed $600,- Derounian McMillan Taylor Derwinski MacGregor Teague, Calif. Speaker, I make the point of order that 000,000 for each such fiscal year' and insert Devine Mahon Thomson, Wis. a quorum is not present. in lieu thereof 'fiscal years 1963, 1965, and Dole Marsh Tollefson The SPEAKER. Evidently a quorum 1966, not to exceed $600,000,000 for each such Dorn Martin, Calif. Tuck is not present. fiscal year, and for use beginning in the fis­ Dowdy Martin, Nebr. Tuppt.·r cal year 1964, not to exceed $450,000,000,'. Downing May Tuten Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I move a "(2) Immediately after '1963' the second Dwyer Meader Utt call of the House. Ellsworth Michel Van Pelt time it appears therein, insert the following: Findley Miller, N.Y. Waggonner A call of the House was ordered. 'and not to exceed $100,000,000 of the funds Fisher Miiliken Wallhauser 1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 15677

Watson Wharton Wilson, Ind. Mr. Shelley with Mr. ~ix. _ Feighan Lindsay Roberts, Tex. Watts Whitener Winstead Mr. O'Neill with Mr. Dulski. Finnegan Lloyd Robison Weaver Whitten Wydler Mr. Elliott with Mr. Davis of Tennessee. Fino Long, Md. Rodino Weltner Widnall Wyman Flood McDowell Rogers, Colo. Westland Williams Younger Mr. GROVER changed his vote from Fogarty McFall Rooney, N.Y. Whalley Wilson, Bob Ford Macdonald Rooney, Pa. "nay" to "yea." Fraser MacGregor Roosevelt NAYS-188 The result of the vote was announced Frelinghuysen Madden Rosenthal Addabbo Gibbons O'Hara, Ill. as above recorded. Friedel Mahon Rostenkowski Albert Gilbert O'Hara, Mich. Fulton, Pa. Mailliard Roybal Ashley Gill Olsen, Mont. Mr. MORGAN. Mr. Speaker, acting Fulton, Tenn. Martin, Mass. Ryan, Mich. Aspinall Gonzalez Olson. Minn. under the instructions of the House, on Gallagher Mathias Ryan,N.Y. Baldwin Grabowski Patman behalf of the Committee on Foreign Af­ Garmatz Matsunaga St Germain Barrett Gray Patten fairs, I report back to the House the bill, Gary May St. Onge Barry Green, Oreg. Pepper Giaimo Meader Schneebeli Beckworth Green, Pa. Philbin H.R. 7885, with an amendment. Gibbons Miller, Calif. Schweiker Bennett, Fla. Grimths Pike The SPEAKER. The Clerk will re­ Gilbert Miller, N.Y. Schwengel Blatn!k Hagen, Calif. Powell port the amendment. Gill Mills Selden Boggs Halpern Price Gonzalez Minish Senner Boland Hansen Pucinski The Clerk read as fallows: Grabowski Monagan Sheppard Bolling Harding Purcell Gray Montoya Sibal Page 5, immediately after line 4, insert the Green, Oreg. Moorhead S ickles Bolton, Hardy Rains following: FrancesP. Hawkins Randall Green, Pa. Morgan Sisk Bonner Hays Reid, N.Y. "SEC. 106. Section 202(a). which relates to Grimths Morrison Slack Brademas Healey Reuss authorization, is amended by striking out Grover Morse Smith, Iowa Brooks Hebert Rhodes, Pa. 'and $1,500,000,000 for each of the next four Hagen, Calif. Morton Springer Broomfield Hechler Rivers, Alaska succeeding fiscal years,' and inserting in lieu Halleck Moss Staebler Brown, Calif. Hemphill Rodino Halpern Multer Stafford thereof, $1,500,000,000 for the fiscal year Hansen Murphy, Ill. Staggers Buckley Holifield Rogers, Colo. 1963, $900,000,000 for the fiscal year 1964, Burke Holland Rogers, Fla. Harding Murphy, N.Y. Stratton Burkhalter Joelson Rooney, N.Y. and $1,500,000,000 for each of the next two Hardy Natcher Stubblefield Byrne, Pa. Johnson, Calif. Rooney, Pa. succeeding fiscal years,'." Hawkins N edzi Sullivan Cahill Johnson, Wis. Roosevelt And renumber the following sections ac­ Hays O'Brien, N.Y. Thompson, N.J. Cameron Jones, Ala. Rosenthal cordingly. Healey O'Hara, Ill. Thompson, Tex. Carey Karsten Rostenkowski Page 10, strike out lines 6 through 10, in­ Hebert O'Hara, Mich. Thornberry Celler Karth Roybal Hechler Olsen, Mont. Toll clusive, and insert in lieu thereof the fol­ Holifield Olson, Minn. Trimble Clark Kastenmeier Ryan, Mich. lowing: Cohelan Kee Ryan,N.Y. Holland Ostertag Tupper Conte Kelly St Germain "(b) Section 252, which relates to author­ Horton Patman Udall Cooley King, Calif. St. Onge ization, is amended as follows: Hosmer Patten Ullman Corman K ;rwan Secrest · "(1) In the first sentence, strike out 'fiscal Joelson Pepper Van Deerlin Daddario Kluczynski Sheppard years 1963 through 1966, not to exceed $600,- Johnson, Calif. Perkins Vanik Daniels Lankford Shipley Johnson, Wis. Philbin Vinson 000,000 for each such fiscal year' and ~ert Jones, Ala. Pike Wallhauser Dawson Leggett Sickles in lieu thereof 'fiscal years 1963, 1965, a d Delaney Lesmski Sisk Karsten Pirnie Watts Dent Li bonati Slack 1966, not to exceed $600,000,000 for eac Karth Powell Weltner Denton Lindsay Smith, Iowa such fiscal year, and for use beginning in Kastenmeier Price Whalley Diggs Long, La. Staebler the fiscal year 1964, not to exceed $450,000,- Kee Pucinski White Dingell Long, Md. Staggers 000,'. elly Purcell Wickersham Donohue McDowell Steed Ing, Calif. Qule Widnall "(2) Immediately after '1963' the second irwan Rains Wilson, Duncan McFall Stratton time it appears therein, insert the following: Edmondson Macdonald Sullivan Kluczynskl Randall Charles H. r.verett Madden Teague, Tex. 'and not to exceed $100,000,000 of the funds Kunkel Reid, N.Y. Wydler l!vins Mailliard Thomas appropriated pursuant to this section for use Lankford Reuss Young Jl'allon Martin, Mass. Thompson, N.J. beginning in fiscal year 1964.'." Leggett Rhodes, Pa. Zablocki Farbstein Mathias Thompson, Tex. Page 11, line 2, strike out "$200,000,000" Lesinski Riehl man Fascell Matsunaga Thornoerry and insert in lieu thereof "$150,000,000". Libonati Rivers, Alaska Feighan Miller, Calif. Toll Page 11, line 16, strike out "$1,225,000,- NAYS-186 Finnegan Minish Trimble Fino Monagan Udall 000" and insert in lieu thereof "$1,000,000,- Abbitt Curtin Jones, Mo. Flood Montoya Ullman 000". Abele Curtis Kilburn Fogarty Moorhead Van Deerlin Abernethy Dague Kilgore Fraser Morgan Vanik The SPEAKER. The question is on Adair Davis, Ga. King,N.Y. Frelinghuysen Morris Vinson the amendment. Alger Derounian Knox Friedel Morrison White The amendment was agreed to. Anderson Derwinski Kornegay Fulton, Pa. ·Morse Wickersham Andrews Devine Kyl Fulton, Tenn. Moss Wilson, The SPEAKER. The question is on Ashbrook Dole Laird Fuqua Multer Charles H. engrossment and third reading of the Ashmore Dorn Landrum Gallagher Murphy, Ill. Young bill. Avery Dowdy Lange;i Garmatz Murphy, N.Y. Zablocki Baker Ellsworth Latta Gary Nedzi The bill was ordered to be engrossed Baring Findley Lennon Giaimo O'Brien, N.Y. and read a third time and was read the Battin Fisher Lipscomb Becker Flynt Long, La. NOT VOTING-23 third time. Beermann Foreman McClory Bass Keith Pilcher The SPEAKER. The question is on Belcher Forrester McCulloch Davis, Tenn. Keogh Roberts, Ala. passage of the bill. Bell Fountain Mcintire Dulski McDade Schwengel Mr. ADAm. Mr. Speaker, on that I Bennett, Fla. Fuqua McLoskey Edwards Matthews Shelley Bennett, Mich. Gathings McMillan Elliott Nix Thompson, La. demand the yeas and nays. Berry Gavin Marsh Grant O'Brien, Ill. Willis The yeas and nays were ordered. Betts Glenn Martin, Calif. Hanna O'Neill Wright Bolton, Goodell Martin, Nebr. Harvey, Mich. Osmers The question was taken; and there Oliver P. Goodling Michel Vfere-yeas 224, nays 186, answered Bonner Gross Milliken So the motion to recommit was Bow Gubser Minshall "present" 1, not voting 23, as follows: Bray Gurney Moore agreed to. [Roll No. 133] Brock Hagan, Ga. Morris The Clerk announced the following Bromwell Haley Mosher YEAS-224 Brotzman Hall Murray pairs: Addabbo Brooks Corman Brown, Ohio Harris Nelsen On this vote: Albert Broomfield Daddario Broyhill, N .C. Harrison Norblad Mr. Willis for, with Mr. Keogh against. Arends Brown, Calif. Daniels Broyhill, Va. Harsha O'Konski Ashley Buckley Dawson Bruce Harvey, Ind. Passman Mr. Grant for, with Mr. Osmers against. Aspinall Burke Delaney Burleson Hemphill Pelly Mr. Thompson of Louisiana for, with Mr. Auchincloss Burkhalter Dent Burton Henderson Pillion McDade against. Ayres Byrne, Pa. Denton Casey Herlong Poage Baldwin Byrnes, Wis. Diggs Cederberg Hoeven Poff Mr. Harvey . of Michigan for, with Mr. Barrett Cahill Dingell Chamberlain Hoffman Pool Hanna against. Barry Cameron Donohue Chelf Horan Quillen Mr. Keith for, with Mr. Wright against. Bates Cannon Downing Chenoweth Huddleston Reid, DI. Mr. Pilcher for, with Mr. Edwards against. Beckworth Carey Duncan Clancy Hull Reifel Blatnik Celler Dwyer Clausen, Hutchinson Rhodes, Ariz. Boggs Clark Edmondson DonH. I chord Rich Until further notice: Boland Cleveland Everett Clawson, Del Jarman Rivers, S_.C. Mr. Bass with Mr. Schwengel. Bolling Cohelan Evins Collier Jennings Rogers, Fla. Bolton, Conte Fallon of Colmer Jensen Rogers, Tex. Mr. O'Brien of Dlinois with Mr. Roberts FranceaP. Cooley Farbstein Cramer Johansen Roudebush Alabama. Brademas Corbett Fascell Cunningham Jonas Roush 15678 CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD - HOUSE August 23 Rumsfeld Snyder Van Pelt Additionally, Mr. Speaker, there is a kind of aid program UPon which we are St. George Steed Waggonner proper concern about the accumulation now embarked. Saylor Stephens Watson Schadeberg Stinson Weaver of unexpended balances from prior ap­ The basic purpose of foreign assistance Schenck Taft Westland propriations. As of June 30, 1963, we is to assist nations to achieve independ­ Scot:t Talcott Wharton find such balances to be estimated at ence, freedom, and self-sustaining eco­ Secrest Taylor Whitener Shipley Teague, Calif. Whitten $6.8 billion and it is ditncult to see the nomic growth. We seek neither satellites Short Teague, Tex. Williams necessity or advisability of authorizing nor domination. Our aid is aimed at Shriver Thomas Wilson, Bob additional foreign aid expenditures when encouraging independence. Sikes Thomson, Wis. Wilson, Ind. Siler Tollefson Winstead several such exorbitant unexpended bal­ Many of the nations, which have re­ Skubitz Tuck Wyman ances now exist. ceived economic assistance in the past, Smith, Calif. Tuten Younger Another matter which should disturb no longer receive aid. The record of Smith, Va. Utt every responsible legislator is the fact successes has been well documented. We ANSWERED ''PRESENT"-1 that we are being called upon to au­ also know of the failures-they have been Gr11Hn thenticate or approve long-term foreign well documented, too. NOT VOTING-23 aid commitments by the executive de­ The important point about this week's Bass Keith Pilcher partment when congressional approval debate is that, in order to understand Davis, Tenn. Keogh Roberts, Ala. was not sought in the initial phases of this program, we should not talk simply Dulski McDade Shelley such agreements. I fail to see any logic in terms of success and failure, good and Edwards Matthews Thompson, La. Elliott Nix Willis or justification in the argument ad­ bad, friend and enemy. Grant O'Brien, Ill. Wright vanced that Congress is breaking faith It is very easy to rise and denounce Hanna O'Neill with foreign countries when we fail to this bill; it is easy to discover mistakes; Harvey, Mich. Osmers rubber stamp those Executive commit­ it is easy to criticize and say we are So the bill was passed. ments to which we were not a party. being played for suckers. The Clerk announced the following Such agreements should have prior con­ But the purpose of this debate should pairs: gressional approval before being en­ be to discuss the full value and ramifica­ On this vote: tered into by the Executive. tions of the present aid program. Mr. Gri1Dn for, with Mr. Harvey of Michi­ · Mr. Speaker, of the most serious con­ Victories in the area of foreign aid are gan against. cern not only to members of Congress really the absence of defeat. We win if Mr. Keogh for, with Mr. Willis against. but the American people is our contin­ a country remains independent and does Mr. Shelley for, with Mr. Thompson of uation of aid to Communist govern­ not go Communist. Louisiana against. ments, which is being given under the Mr. Bass for, with Mr. Pilcher against. We are embarked UPon a long-range Mr. O'Ne111 for, with Mr. Grant against. pretense of preventing a further Com­ program of development assistance. The munist buildup or wooing them away 1960's have been called the "decade of Until further notice: from the Soviet's control. Actual ex­ development." Mr. O'Brien of with Mr. Osmers. perience reveals that neither objective The two words "decade" and "develop­ Mr. Wright with Mr. Keith. has been accomplished but instead our ment"-need emphasis. We are think­ Mr. Nix with Mr. McDade. aid to Communist-dominated countries ing in terms of 10 years, and accomplish­ Mr. Dulski with Mr. Roberts of Alabama. has merely served to perpetuate its dic­ ments should be measured over this Mr. Hanna with Mr. Davis of Tennessee. tatorial control over the people and period. Mr. Edwards with Mr. Elliott. does not provide any measure of per­ And what is involved is development, Mr. MINISH changed his vote from sonal or Political benefit to the people. the basic development of economics, "nay" to "yea." Certainly I am, as is every other Amer­ often in nations many hundreds of years Mr. GRIFFIN. Mr. Speaker, I have a ican, desirous of giving assistance, both behind the West. live pair with the gentleman from Mich­ economic and military, to the friendly How much foresight would we have at­ igan [Mr. HARVEYJ. If he were present, nations of the world who need such help, tributed to a British investor in 1870 he would have voted "nay." I voted but I am convinced that the multibillion­ who put his money into the United "yea." I withdraw my vote and vote dollar foreign aid program has con­ States, as many did, and said; "I will give "present." tributed far less than its cost to our them 5 or 10 years to become an indus­ The result of the vote was announced national interest and security. trial nation"? as above recorded. In conclusion, Mr. Speaker, I believe It might be well in viewing the prog­ A motion to reconsider was laid on the very strongly that this aid program must ress of other nations-many of which table. be limited to those friendly nations lack the resources, the trained man­ Mr. WATSON. Mr. Speaker, I was which can absorb and utilize those funds power, and the domestic tranquility of opposed to this foreign-aid bill because I effectively and should in no wise be 19th century America-to remember believe as the Clay Committee has re­ given to Communist-dominated coun­ some of our own history. ported in its appraisal of our foreign-aid tries. Additionally we must withhold all Development will take many years. program that we are attempting "too aid from nations which would use our The process is slow. much for too many." funds for territorial expansion and we The remarkable fact is the speed at It is impossible for any nation regard­ must provide adequate safeguards to which many nations are emerging into less of its wealth to continue indefinite­ prevent the use of foreign aid to finance the 20th century. Years are compressed ly to support most of the countries of Government-owned facilities which into months as projects are completed, the world and the extent of our national would compete with private enterprise. agricultural production jumps, diseases debt and decreasing gold reserves pre­ Mr. RYAN of New York. Mr. Speak­ are conquered, and more trained per­ sent dramatic proof that our financial er, during the debate on this bill I have sons contribute to their country. condition cannot support a continuation been reminde4 of the story with which The task requires patience and sacri­ of such great foreign spending programs. we are all familiar of the constituent fice on the part of the American people. In my opinion, our foreign aid should who demanded to know: "What have But surely it is in our interest to spend­ be severely restricted with assistance you done for me lately?" and in a majority of cases loan-less given to those nations wllling to take a In this annual debate on the foreign than 1 percent of our gross national stand for democratic government and aid bill it might be well to ask ourselves product for this effort. those with an ability to make proper if we too are not guilty of a "what have Certainly no nation in the history of utilization of the funds supplied them. you done for us lately?" attitude. the world has such a record for gen­ There has been a continuing of the ab­ Each year the program comes up, and erosity. It is a record of which we can sence of selectivity in the recipients of Members ask for a list of successes or be proud. our foreign aid. We have found both accomplishments. The administration As a result of such programs as for­ economic and military assistance being representatives dutifully prepare lists of eign assistance, we are gaining in the given simultaneously to countries on both successes and then the critics retort: struggle against totalitarianism. sides- of international quarrels as well "We know all that, but what about now?" I do not believe communism will win. as aid going to Communist-dominated This sort of dialog obscures the real And I do not believe in the men of little countries like Yugoslavia and Poland. purposes of foreign assistance ~d the faith who say it will. 1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 15679 We have heard a great deal of .talk ing for the remainder of their lives or unsuccessful for our foreign aid program about what we are doing to our grand­ forsake their storm-ravaged dwellings. is a one-way street. The goods and serv­ children. I would certainly not want my By any yardstick, this was a disaster ices go out, the U.S. Treasury pays the grandchildren to grow up in a world area. Up and down the Jersey coast bill, and the receives noth­ where the richest nation-having more thousands of persons suffered great ing of a tangible commercial nature in than half the world's wealth-ignored hardship and staggering financial losses, return. the needs of the two-thirds of the world yet no relief was forthcoming. The As Mr. PASSMAN pointed out: who lived in poverty, disease and hunger. charity which our Federal Government So great has been America's outpouring of It might not be a very stable world. And always hands out to the less fortunate wealth through foreign aid that many of the it woulc! be a dubious legacy for our across the seas just did not apply to recipient nations have accumulated dollars grandchildren to pass on to succeeding American citizens whose hard-earned far in excess of their needs. Consequently, they demand gold in exchange for the dol­ generations. tax dollars have supported foreign aid lars, and in the past 10 years our gold reserves Mr. Speaker, the great leaders in throughout the years. have been reduced from more than $23 bil­ our history have had faith in our coun­ Yes, I will admit to being bitter-and lion to less than $16 billion. Over the same try-in the wisdom and generosity of our with valid reason, too. Since this dis­ period, other free world countries increased people. They have been men and women astrous storm, I have spoken with these their gold holdings from $13 billion to nearly of vision. stricken families and received letters $25 billion and their short-term dollar If we are true to our great heritage, from many others. I know firsthand credits from less than $11 blllion to $25 democracy will triumph, and the legacy billion. For these dollar credits, those coun­ their hardships and financial crises re­ tries can demand gold, and if such a demand of freedom will be passed on to suc­ sulting from this storm, and if we cannot should come, the United States could not ceeding generations in America and the afford to offer a helping hand of aid to meet it. world. disaster-struck American citizens, I am Mr. GLENN. Mr. Speaker, I ask certain we cannot afford foreign aid If such a demand should be made, we unanimous consent to extend my re­ handouts to people of other lands, de­ would indeed be in serious trouble. We marks at this point in the RECORD. serving though their needs may be. would have no recourse but to devalue The SPEAKER. Is there objection Now, I am opposed to foreign aid for the dollar with a resultant chaotic upset to the request of the gentleman from other reasons, too--reasons which I will to the world of finance. Yet in these New Jersey? briefly cite here-for I know they have days of crisis the use of this extreme There was no objection. been thoroughly detailed in debates measure is never out of mind and is even Mr. GLENN. Mr. Speaker, for the past over this issue during the present, as well talked about in committee hearings. 5 years I have voted for foreign aid but as past, consideration of foreign aid Beyond this, it is my feeling-a convic­ with more and more misgivings. Today, legislation. tion shared at least privately by many I have cast my vote against foreign aid Since the end of World War II, for­ of my colleagues-that foreign aid has for several reasons, the first being that eign aid has cost the U.S. taxpayers more made the dollar a symbol of international I can no longer justify in good consci­ than $120 billion, and still has, in my handouts, a substitute for initiative and ence the giving of aid t_o foreign gov­ opinion, failed to accomplish its in­ effort, and an endless drain on the Amer­ ernments when we withheld aid to tended objectives of shoring up the bonds ican taxpayer. Also, the foreign aid has deserving American citizens in times of of friendship, understanding, and co­ constituted not only an added tax on need. operation between the United States and our producers, but also a subsidy to our I am referring specifically to disaster other nations of the world community. foreign competitors with the result that conditions within my own district in As the Honorable OTTO E. PASSMAN, of our prices have become so high that we the wake of last year's violent coastal Louisiana, distinguished veteran chair­ cannot now compete successfully in world storm. This storm raged up the eastern man of the House Approp.riations Sub­ trade without the Federal Government seaboard and along the New Jersey coast committee, which deals directly with subsidizing our exports by as much as leaving thousands of persons either the annual multi-billion-dollar appropri­ 30 percent. homeless or faced with heavy costs of ations for foreign aid, pointed out: And, last, despite the mountainous for­ eign aid expenditures, our position in the replacing and repairing severe storm Of the aggregate amount of our aid, $100 damage. billion, in round figures, has been given out world has not improved. Indeed, it has In the Atlantic and Cape May County on a unilateral basis, going into 111 foreign become increasingly precarious. Cer­ portion of my district, these damages nations and entities, including Communist, tainly, by now we have proven that dollar were particularly disastrous, and a great Communist-leaning, and so-called neutralist diplomacy will not work, that we cannot majority of those whose homes were de­ countries alike. In addition to this, indirect buy friendship or cooperation with stroyed or severely damaged by the aid has been extended by the United States dollars. storm were elderly people-men and through capital investments, exceeding $5.1 In view of these factors, I have voted billion in five different international finan­ against foreign aid with a clear women living on small pensions or social cial institutions, which have, in turn, dis­ security; men and women who in many bursed assistance totaling more than $7 .5 conscience. cases had invested lifetime savings in billion. Mr. JONES of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, homes for retirement years. But, even so, after all this money and all for the first time in the 15 years I have Now, when disaster strikes in prac­ these years-and despite the seriously dam­ been a Member of the House, I have tically any portion of the world-be it aging drain the program is making on our voted against the annual foreign aid au­ flood, famine, earthquake, or any of na­ economy-the trend for expanding foreign thorization bill, and have done so most ture's other violent outbursts-the aid continues upward, rather than heading reluctantly, because I am not against a downward. reasonable foreign aid program, effici­ United States gives aid in the form of This year, for example, the United States housing and dollars, or whatever else is giving economic aid to at least 73 countries ently and effectively administered. may be needed. and 7 entities and, fantastic though it is, Many times in the past I have voted for This is a commendable philosophy, but military assistance to 70 countries. This these authorizations, with the same kind unfortunately our charity does not be­ program not only is uncontrolled, but it is of reluctance, hoping that I would later gin at home. In the aftermath of last uncontrollable; and it is imperative, in our have the opportunity of reducing the year's storm no relief was extended to own national interest, that it be drastically appropriation to the level which I felt needy victims of the disaster in rebuild­ curtailed and tightly administered. was necessary and justified. I expect to ing or repairing their homes save for the I have during this session of Congress give the same careful ·study and con­ off er of emergency small business loans given considerable exhaustive study to sideration to the appropriation bill that at 3 percent interest to :finance the re­ the foreign aid issue, and I find that its I have given to the authorization bill, building or repair of their homes bat­ negative factors far outweigh its posi­ but in view of the information which I tered or flooded by violent winds or tive arguments. already have, I am prepared to vote tides. Without question, foreign aid has against the appropriation if it e~eeds There is, of course, no insurance avail­ served to undermine the dollar since we $3 billion and I am hopeful the Appro­ able for flood protection. Homeowners made a series of strategems-all futile­ priations Committee can assure us that have no choice but to obtain the emer­ which have been tried to stem the outflow even this sum is not Justified and is not gency loans, which many will be repay- of our gold. These attempts have been needed to carry out the best interests of 15680 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE August 23 this Nation. It is regrettable when par­ features of the program. It is unfortu­ I supported President Eisenhower each tisan politics enter into consideration of nate, Mr. Speaker, when Members like year the foreign aid bill was introduced a bill of the importance the foreign aid myself, who can see the need for con­ during the Eisenhower years. The bill is to the security of this country, but tinuing the program in many areas, find tightening process that he began has unfortunately both parties engaged in it necessary to take such drastic action been continued, and I cannot in good such politics. To mention just one spe­ as voting against the entire bill in order conscience reverse myself in the present cific instance, I would refer to the to impress the bureaucrats that we instance. amendment offered by my colleague, the mean business. Foreign aid remains an important-­ gentleman from Missouri, the Honorable Mr. LINDSAY. Mr. Speaker, I ask though we hope diminishing-aspect of DURWARD HALL, representing the Seventh unanimous consent to extend my re­ foreign policy. It should receive a high District, who offered an amendment to marks at this point in the RECORD. degree of bipartisan support. In the ·reduce and limit the contributions of the The SPEAKER. Is there objection tradition of Vandenburg, that obligation United States to the special programs to the request of the gentleman from has always been a special one for Re­ operated by the United Nations, to not New York? publicans and should not be forgotten. more than 33.3 percent. I have advo­ There was no objection. Hence I will vote against the motion to cated such a reduction and limitation for Mr. LINDSAY. Mr. Speaker, I think recommit and for the bill on final many years, and in my remarks yester­ I have made my feelings on the foreign passage. day cited one specific instance of where aid bill pretty clear during the course of Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise we have paid as much as 90 percent of debate, as well as earlier in a special in support of the amendment to require the cost of operating a program only to order, and in testimony before the For­ congressional approval of all proposed find that the administrators of the pro­ eign Affairs Committee 2 months ago. foreign aid projects costing $100 million gram were using our funds to buy com­ The Clay Committee came out with a or more. modities-wheat-which the United sound report. It reflected the thinking The Clay Committee report, of which States had in great surplus, from other of many of us. Each year I, among .we have already heard much, declares nations, giving as a reason therefor, our many others, have pressed for greater that in many respects the planning and price was too high. For several years I selectivity in the foreign aid program, administration of our aid program has have expressed the view that any time decreased emphasis on the . heavy not been as effective as we and the this Nation is inclined to pay more than amounts of military assistance, increased American people whom we represent 50 percent of the cost of any program, priority to loans instead of grants, and have every right to expect, considering that we should operate the program our­ tighter administration. the tremendous cost of the program. selves; let the United States bear the In their excellent presentation, the entire cost of the program and get the The Foreign Affairs Committee re­ minority members of the Foreign Affairs full credit for any benefits therefrom. ported out a bill that was tighter than Committee have particularized this I think this is a sound policy and one any previous bill in the past on this charge and pointed out how this con­ which should have been adopted by the subject. It reached compromises in dition will be perpetuated in the pres­ Department of State many years ago. every title of the bill. I was pleased that ent bill. They have also directed the I believe the Hall amendment, if offered it accepted a proposal offered by me in attention of the House to several usur­ by a Democrat, would have been testimony before the committee designed pations by the executive branch of con­ adopted. to provide greater opportunity for the gressional powers. I heartily concur Mr. Speaker, I do not look upon the for­ private sector in the American economy with the gentlewoman from New York eign aid program as a partisan program, to participate in and gradually take a [Mrs. ST. GEORGE], who in the discus­ and I do not look upon the opposition to greater share of American aid. The re­ sion of the rule commended the minority the program as evidenced by the vote ported bill had the support of the rank­ for their perceptive analysis of the sit­ which recommitted the bill to the com­ ing Republican Member, the gentlewo­ uation. It remains for us to act upon mittee, or the small margin by which man from Ohio [Mrs. FRANCES P. BOL­ TON], and most of the more senior Mem­ the suggestions made by these gentle­ this bill was passed as necessarily being men by enacting this and related amend­ a reflection upon the Kennedy adminis­ bers of the minority side. ments to the bill. tration. Rather, in my opinion, it is a I was particularly impressed with the The present amendment, it seems to protest against the way the program has argument stated on the :floor during de­ me, is well-calculated to put a brake on been administered by the State Depart­ bate by the gentleman from Massachu­ the liberties which the executive branch ment over the past several years, under setts [Mr. MORSE]. The gentleman has been taking with our function and both Republican and Democratic admin­ from Massachusetts [Mr. MORSE] has to prevent a continuation of a partic­ istrations. It is not difficult to read the demonstrated a sharp .eye for economies ular practice which I find specially dis­ facts from the RECORD that some Demo­ and the. elimination of the unnecessary turbing. I refer to the use of American crats who vote for the program when a and the wasteful from foreign aid pro­ tax dollars-the fruits of our system of Democratic administration is in power, grams and in all other programs. private enterprise-for the purpose of voted against it when the Republicans During the course of :floor debate a encouraging State socialism in the de­ were in power; and that some Republi­ series of other amendments were veloping economies of certain nations, cans who voted against the bill today adopted by the Committee, most of particularly in Africa and Asia. voted for it when President Eisenhower which were against the wishes of the The prime example of what I am was in power, and this despite the fact majority members that I have men­ speaking about is, of course, the pro­ that former President Eisenhower, as tioned. posed Bokaro steel mill in India, a bil­ well as former President Truman both Today, a motion to recommit was of­ lion dollar operation-the tab for which advocate a continuation of the program, fered, which makes a reduction to the is to be picked up by the American tax­ although I believe that both of these extent of $160 million in the Develop­ payer. I say "proposed" steel mill, and former executives would agree that the ment Loan Fund; $150 million in the I fervently hope that it is no more than program should be administered in the Alliance for Progress; $50 million in the that, but despite careful questioning by most efficient as well as the most eff ec­ contingency fund; and $225 million in committee members, it did not emerge tive manner, and that we should profit military assistance-a total of $585 mil­ too clearly in the hearings how deeply by our mistakes of the past. lion. The bill is reduced thereby to the administration has committed us to In closing, Mr. Speaker, I would hope $3.502 billion, and it is expected that the this venture. that those career bureaucrats in the De­ Appropriations Committee will reduce The Indian Embassy has been kind partment of State, and more especially this figure to well under $3 billion. enough to furnish me with iron-steel pro­ in the AID program would realize that In the course of amendments on the duction figures for the last two calendar there is great dissatisfaction in Congress :floor, I supported an amendment to re­ years. In 1961, the private sector pro­ over the manner in which this program duce the military assistance program by duced some 2,694,093 metric tons, and the has been administered, and that Con­ $100 million. I also supported the public sector produced 1,258,802 metric gress is going to demand a more effective Broomfield amendment. But these tons. In 1962, the private sector pro­ program, and the elimination of the across-the-board slashes contained in a duced some 2,830,323 metric tons-an in­ great waste which has brought such dis­ motion to recommit strike me as beyond crease of 144,000 metric tons over the credit that Congress is fed up with many reasonableness. preceding year. The public sector in 1962 1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECC>RD - HOUSE ·15681 produced 1,850,958 metric tons-an in­ tions must be demonstrated to these peo­ the United States, was an estimated 81 crease of 608,000 over the preceding year. ples. . They must be afforded opportuni­ percent in 1963 and will go up to 85 per­ Thus, we see a promising privately ties to see that a politically and eco­ cent in 1964. The lag between commit­ owned steel industry being outstripped nomically free society offers more to each ment and expenditure is evident. in production by a state-owned competi­ individual than does one which is sub­ I have in my hand, and will insert in tor. And American funds are sought to jected to government controls. the RECORD, a copy of the latest Agency facilitate the process. The wonder of it And so I ask, How do we advance these procurement policy issued on July 5 of all is, not that the Indians seek to do economic and ideological fronts by en­ this year. Although we can all see that this, but that there are Americans who couraging the spread of socialist institu­ prior procurement policy actions have are willing to see it done. tions? I think it is clear that we do not been extremely successful in reducing This is precisely the kind of practices advance either. the etrect of foreign aid spending on our which the Clay Committee opposed, and But, it is said, there is not sufficient balance of payments, the goal which the in testimony before the Foreign Affairs private capital in India to .finance this President and AID have set is even Committee, the head of the AID indi­ venture. And I say, and I have reason greater. That target is to restrict non­ cated that he was in agreement with this to believe that people across the Nation U.S. spending to $500 million by .fiscal judgment. But he went on to say that are saying, then let us work out an ar­ year 1965. due to differing historical, cultural, and rangement to get the capital to private To repeat, we must keep in mind that economic forces at work in recipient na­ developers in India. Surely this cannot funds committed under old policies in tions, it would be unwise for the United be too difficult to do, and it certainly prior years are being expended now. States to encourage the free enterprise cannot be any more expensive than the New funds now being committed of system in every such nation. Certainly, present scheme. Let us, instead of spot­ which 85 percent is for spending in the one need not be a gifted observer to per­ lighting socialism, make Bokaro a show­ United States will not make their impact ceive substantial differences between the place of private enterprise, and thus win on the statistics until actually paid out. a round on both the ideological and eco­ Republic of India and the United States, COMMODITY PROCUREMENT SOURCE AND but I can see none and I have heard none nomic fronts. ORIGIN POLICY advanced which is so insurmountable as And the first step to accomplishment The President has recently written to AID to militate against free enterprise in of this is the adoption of the present along with other agencies requesting a re­ India. amendment. view of steps which could be taken to further Here is a nation which already has a Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, during relieve the burden of Government programs private steel industry and the United the debate the other day on the Foreign on the U.S. balance of payments. Spe­ States is being asked to throttle it. An Assistance Act, the gentleman from Mis­ cifically, the President requested an ex­ souri [Mr. CURTIS] raised a question amination of what cutbacks in the aid pro­ imposing array, ranging from the Presi­ gram would be necessary to provide signifi­ dent of the United States down to a pair which indicated that there is some ap­ cant relief to the U.S. foreign deficit. of aspiring pundits in one of the local parent confusion about the amount of For some years 1t has been the target of papers, ardently support this project. our foreign assistance funds which are this agency to reduce AID payments abroad The pundits, writing yesterday, seemed used for procurement in the United to not more than 20 percent of total ex­ to feel that the dubiousness which has States. This confusion arises, I think, penditures. It now appears that this target already been expressed by Members of for the following reasons: will be reached under fiscal year 1963 obli­ Congress arises from some anti-Nehru Expenditures under the foreign assist­ gations. However, this agency is still mak­ ance program during any period of time ing an estimated $770 million of payments bias which is alleged to inhere on the offshore this year, and it is now our agreed Hill. And they warned that if we refused include expenditures for which funds target to reduce this amount to $500 mil­ to shell out for this project, India would were committed, that is, obligated in pre­ lion in fiscal year 1965. be forced into the arms of Russia-an vious years, and expenditures for which funds were obligated during the imme­ EXISTING POLICIES interesting and seldom-heard argument To reach this target will require a con­ in foreign relations debates. diate year. It is obvious · that changes tinued and concerted effort throughout the Mr. Speaker, the more I read in the in procurement policy primarily affect agency. Existing policies requiring the pro­ press, the more firmly convinced I be­ funds obligated after the changes are curement of U.S. goods and services for AID­ come that the amendment under consid­ adopted. Therefore, there will neces­ financed projects where possible must con­ eration here is essential for the preserva­ sarily be a considerable period of time tinue to be carefully and thoroughly applied. tion of our national self-respect. bef.ore actual payout under the foreign This is also true of existing policy to maxi­ As assistance program will fully reflect the mize the contributions of participating I understand it, the major reasons countries to the local cost of AID-financed advanced in support of our foreign aid policies which restrict funds to expendi­ projects and activities, including the over­ program are two: ture in the United States. sea living and operational expenditures of First, there is some sort of a moral For some time, the administration has AID technicians and contractors. Cash obligation upon us in this country to been taking steps to increase the posi­ transfers must be reduced to the absolute share our bounty with those less fortu­ tion of aid funds which are spent in the minimum possible. Except for negligible nate. It has always been interesting for United States. There is no doubt that amounts or as specifically waived by the the rate of actual expenditure of aid Administrator, any necessary AID financing me to note that exponents of this posi­ of local costs, whether on a budget support tion failed to observe that our wealth is funds in the United States has been in­ or project basis, should be introduced into the product of good hard work by our­ creasing. However, since actual current the recipient country through financing of selves and our forebears-no one gave expenditures reflect funds committed in current commodity imports from eligible it to us on a silver platter. I also note previous years as well as in the current sources. that the humanitarian impulse of the year, the percentage of procurement in NEW POLICIES moralists seldom extends to the Amer­ the United States today is :hot as high As a further measure toward increasing ican taxpayer and the crushing burden as the percentage of procurement in the the share of U.S.-produced goods and serv­ of debt which is being piled on the shoul­ United States which will be spent in the ices in the AID program, this agency will, ders of generations yet unborn. future under funds now being obligated. effective immediately, cease to finance goods To make an evaluation of the effect of of which the United States itself is a consist­ Second-and somewhat more sound­ ent net importer except under exceptional ly, I think-it is argued that the Nation current foreign aid procurement policies, circumstances. Such consistent U.S. net im­ is engaged in a great struggle with the it is necessary to analyze its impact on ports include crude oil, petroleum fuel, tin, disciples of Marx who are seeking by current commitments to be spent in the rubber, wool, sugar, and the additional items every means at their command to extend future. appearing on the attached list prepared by their sway over the face of the globe. The percentage of procurement sta­ the Assistant Administrator for Material Re­ In part, this war is being waged eco­ tistics demonstrate this lag between pol­ sources. The list is obviously subject to nomically: The less-fortunate peoples of icy and effect clearly. In 1961 an es­ revision from time to time and must take the world must be helped to achieve into account any adverse effects on U.S. in­ timated. 50 percent of foreign assistance dustry. It is contemplated that an inter­ some minimal degree of prosperity so expenditures were made in the United agency committee, with possible inclusion that they will be less easy prey for the States; in 1962, 63 percent; and in 1964, of membership of representatives of the De­ blandishments of the Marxists. And in the estimate is 70 percent. However, partments of Commerce and Labor (with part, it is being waged ideologically: The the percentage of new money committed, the Assistant Administrator for Material Re­ superiority, the vitality of our institu- that is obligated, which will be spent in sources and Program Coordination Staff for CIX--987 15682 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE August 23 AID) will be established to advise the As­ GENERAL LEAVE TO EXTEND Mr. LIPSCOMB. Mr. Speaker, many sistant Administrator for Material Resources Members of Congress and millions of on additions to or deletions from the list. Mr. MORGAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask The exceptional circumstances under which unanimous consent that all Members Americans have been greatly concerned these items may be included in AID pro­ have 5 legislative days in which to ex­ about the policy of the administration on grams are: tend their remarks on the bill just control of exports to the Soviet bloc. It 1. Goods released from Government-held passed. has been known that certain spokesmen stocks or cases where the supplier agrees to The SPEAKER. Is there objection to have espoused practically eliminating all accept an equivalent amount of goods re­ the request of the gentleman from Penn­ controls on sales of goods to the Com­ leased from Government-held stocks or stra­ munists short of actual war materials. tegic materials. sylvania? There was no objection. Many have been wondering when an out­ 2. Goods acquired under barter contracts and-out move toward this end would oc­ for surplus agricultural commodities under cur, and the speculation has been height­ Department of Agriculture barter regula­ tions and usual marketing criteria; or for THE FOREIGN AID BILL ened since the conferences on the pro­ posed test ban treaty. stockpile surpluses under similar or related Mr. ROUSH. Mr. Speaker, I ask criteria and procedure. I believe we have the answer. And unanimous consent to extend my re­ 3. Purchases of petroleum products sub­ that the answer is frightening and one ject to U.S. import quota, either in the United marks at this point in the RECORD. that must be viewed with alarm. States, or offshore under arrangements which The SPEAKER. Is there objection The Department of Commerce, in con­ have the effect of treating the amount fi­ to the request of the gentleman from junction with other departments of Gov­ nanced as an import into the United States Indiana? ernment, has just reached a decision to for purposes of the U.S. import quota. There was no objection. allow shipment from the United States 4. Cases where the regional Assistant Ad­ Mr. ROUSH. Mr. Speaker, today I to the U.S.S.R. of highly automated min­ ministrator, with the concurrence of the shall cast a "no" vote on the foreign aid ing machinery valued at an estimated Assistant Administrator for Material Re­ bill. It is not an easy decision to make sources, determines that essential program $10 million. According to reports the purposes would be sacrificed if the net im­ in view of worldwide commitments that Soviet order is for 30 of the machines port item were not financed. have been made. However, it is my con­ which are known as "continuous min­ The principles of competitive procurement viction that we are spending too much, ers." They are similar to but larger and of AID encouragement of the i::icipient in too many places; that we mistakenly than equipment used to mine coal in the . industrial exports of less developed countries believe we can buy friendship; or that United States. According to these re­ are to be maintained to the extent possible. we can, by gift or loan, persuade a nation ports, the company which would manu­ The policy of limited worldwide procure­ to reject one political philosophy and ac­ ment of goods of which the United States facture these highly automated, power­ cept ours. It just does not work that way. ful machines, at the insistence of the is also an exporter will therefore be con­ It is my conviction that we encourage, tinued for nonproject assistance financed State Department, filled a large order for with development grants or supporting as­ through our aid programs in other coun­ coal mining equipment for the Russians sistance funds. However, in issuing pro­ tries, socialism and I, for one, reject the during World War II. curement authorizations the commodity theory of socialism. Through our aid we The Department of Commerce advises categories should be selected with strong encourage strong dominating Federal that the mining machinery will be used emphasis on those on which U.S. exporters control in other countries and certainly for the mining of potash which it states can normally compete successfully, giving we do not want this for our own country. secondary consideration to administrative is used almost exclusively in the manu­ I am opposed to building competing facture of potassium fertilizers. While convenience as a criterion of selection. industry such as the Bokaro Steel Mill in It is an AID purpose that assistance should potash is used basically for fertilizers, it result in expanded U.S. exports and in such India with U.S. taxpayer dollars. I am also has imp<)rtant uses in the chemical shifts in trade patterns in favor of the United convinced that military aid to many field, including the manufacture of gun­ States as do not undermine other U.S. policy countries is being used to police their powder, drugs, glass, detergents, dyes, purposes. own internal problems and that this is textiles, and other products. Furthermore, policy with regard to eligible not our problem. I am convinced that Just last year the Congress in a near commodities is modified, effective immedi­ aid should not be given to any Commu­ ately, to exclude from AID financing all nist country either directly or indirectly. unanimous action voted to strengthen the goods which contain components imported Export Control Act. A major purpose of I am also convinced that, if we are to the amendments to the act was to re­ from excluded sources, the delivered cost of be which exceeds 30 percent of the supplier's give aid to a country, it should a coun­ quire the administration to place greater lowest f.o.b. or f.a.s. export price at point of try which is on our side. Being neutral emphasis on economic factors in consid­ export. Exceptions may be approved by and playing both sides against the mid­ ering applications to ship goods and in­ the Assistant Administrator for Material dle is not being on our side. I also be­ formation to the Soviet bloc. This was Resources. lieve a nation should be politically stable done over strong objections from the The pattern of commodity financing will before any aid is given. This we are not be kept closely under review. Further revi­ doing. State Department, who, according to the sion of procurement policy may be necessary debate, ''begged and pleaded" the con­ Mr. Speaker, our great mistake has ferees on the bill to drop the section pro­ if the half-billion-dollar target is to be met. been that we have been led astray by the In addition the disbursement of AID funds posing to require denial of licenses in to international organizations is to be re­ early success of the Marshall plan. It those cases where proposed exports lated to the disbursement needs of the orga­ was appropriate. It was timely. But would make a significant contribution nization. In cooperation with the Treasury, the same formula cannot be applied to­ not only to the military but also to the 10 has already taken steps to insure this day. The ingredients are not the same. economic potential of bloc nations which with regard to the U.N. Special Fund and Our own economy has changed. We are would prove detrimental to the security UNICEF. Program coordination will work dealing with nations with no history of and welfare of the United States. closely With the Bureau of International Or­ economic success. We are dealing with ganizational Affairs, State, to insure com­ politically unstable nations and the out­ Is it claimed by the Commerce De­ parable arrangements as feasible in other partment that this mining machinery cases. The regional administrators will con­ pouring of our dollars cannot solve their would not contribute to the economic po­ sider similar arrangements with regard to problems and it is my opinion it is only tentild of the U.S.S.R.? Certainly not. contributions within their responsibility. adding to ours. In fact, the Department says in its let­ Finally, the Assistant Administrator for ter to me, which I received this morning: Latin America ts requested to join with In view of the size of the order and the Treasury in securing arrangements with re­ EXPORTS TO THE SOVIET BLOC productivity of the equipment, there was lit­ gard to the Social Progress Trust Fund which tle doubt but that the export would make a will reduce the drain from this source on the Mr. LIPSCOMB. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to extend my re­ significant contribution to the economic po­ U.S. balance of payments. The aim of these tential of the Soviet Union. arrangements should be substantially to marks at this point in the RECORD. confine all disbursements from the Trust The SPEAKER. Is there objection The Department goes on to state that Fund during fiscal year 1964 and subse­ to the request of the gentleman from the decision to issue the license was be­ quently to payment for goods and services California? cause potassium fertilizer can be char­ of U.S. source. There was no objection. acterized as "peaceful goods." 1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 15683 What is not stated of course is the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, I want to add that while the license fact that potash has important chemical BUREAU OF INTERNATIONAL COM• to ship $10 million worth of highly auto­ MERCE, OFFICE OF EXPORT CON• mated mining machinery to the Soviet uses, including the manufacture of gun­ TROL, powder, nor the fact that it is no trick at Washington, D.C., August 2, 1693. Union is one of the most serious exam­ all for the Soviets to turn so-called Hon. GLENARD P. LIPSCOMB, ples that has come tO my attention, it peaceful goods into items of oppression House of Representatives, is by no means the only example of is­ and control, or into products to export Washington, D.C. suance of a license which should cause or dump as part of the U.S.S.R. economic DEAR MR. LIPSCOMB: As you have been concern. offensive. informed by the Assistant Secretary of State In July, the Department of Commerce in his letter to you of July 24, 1963, your And certainly it is generally known letter of July 16, addressed to Secretary issued a license to ship to East Germany and understood that products and goods Rusk has been referred to this oftlce for a quantity of precision control instru­ of all kinds which build up the economy reply. Your Jetter inquired as to the status ments which it was stated were for use and economic potential of a nation make of a reported pending license application in "air conditioning." Upon inquiring, that nation stronger in a military sense. concerning the proposed exportatlon by a I was advised that the instruments were It is for this very reason that the Export Pittsburgh firm of mining machinery to the to be used for temperature and humidity Control Act was amended to make it U.S.S.R. control on various types of ships and Such an application ls presently pending vessels under construction in Ea.st Ger­ clear that prohibitions on sending goods in the Department of Commerce. Your were to be applied even though they view that this application should be denied man shipyards. It was claimed the in­ could not be clearly characterized as will be brought to the attention of Dr. Jack struments in question were "unsophisti­ contributing directly to the military po­ Behrman upon his return. I am sure that cated controls for space heating and air tential of the U.S.S.R. it will receive careful consideration. conditioning, which do not meet any of In my opinion there can be no other Sincerely yours, the current strategic criteria," whatever conclusion than that this action is di­ WILSON E. SWEENEY, that may mean. On further checking, rectly contrary to what the Congress Acting Director. I found the license was for a total of specifically said last year should not be U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, 380 instruments that would be used in done. BUREAU OF INTERNATIONAL COM• the construction of a number of vessels When reports of this license applica­ MERCE, OFFICE OJ' EXPORT CON• that were going to the U.S.S.R. In­ tion appeared, indicating that the ques­ TROL, cluded are a passenger ship for 750 peo­ tion was at that time pending before the Washington, D.C., August 21, 1963. ple, a passenger ship for 300 persons, 6 Department of State, I wrote to the State Hon. GLEN ARD p. LIPSCOMB, :fishing vessels, 7 motor freighters, and a. Department asking whether such an ap­ House of Representatives, scientific research vessel, all to go to the plication for this mining machinery was Washington, D.C. U.S.S.R. It has also been confirmed DEAR MR. LIPSCOMB: In your letter of that the very instruments in question pending and expressing the opinion that August 15 to Mr. Sweeney of this oftlce, you if so the license application should be asked to be ad vised as soon as a decision was have applications aboard naval ships as denied because of the significance of made with regard to the proposed exporta­ controls for cooling electronic and other such export to the economic and military tion by a Pittsburgh firm of mining ma­ military equipment. potential of the U.S.S.R. I should add chinery to the U.S.S.R. The Department has On August 12, the Department of Com­ here that though the Export Control just decided to authorize the export to which merce granted a license authorizing ship­ Act is administered by the Commerce you refer. It ls anticipated that the ap­ ment of technical data to the U.S.S.R. Department, the Department of State proval wlll be announced in the daily Li­ This data, the Department of Commerce plays a highly significant role in estab­ cense List of August 21, 1963. states, is to be used in connection with The machinery in question, which involves installation and operation of oil-water lishing policies followed in administering several export license applications, ls for the the act. mining of potash which ls used almost ex­ separator equipment at the Gujarat re­ I am setting forth the reply received clusively in the manufacture of potassium finery in India being constructed by the from the State Department, indicating fertilizers. While the Soviet Union ls far Indian Government in collaboration with that my letter had been forwarded to the short of its goals in the production of the U.S.S.R. This refinery is part of a Department of Commerce. Set forth potassium fertilizers for its own indigenous company in the public sector of the In­ use, nevertheless it 1s also an exporter of dian economy, meaning it is owned by below also is the letter I received from such fertilizers. the Office of Export Control of the De­ the Government. The case was one of considerable interest. to partment of Commerce advising that my In view of the size of the order and the pro­ There of course continues be many letter to the State Department had been ductlvi ty of the equipment, there was little other export licenses granted to author­ received, and a copy of the letter re­ doubt but that the export would make a ize shipment of such items as petroleum ceived today in response to my request to significant contribution to the economic. drilling equipment to Yugoslavia, elec­ potential of the Soviet Union. Accordingly, tronic and construction equipment to the Office of Export Control to be ad­ the question of whether such a contribution Yugoslavia, and many other items to the vised as soon as a decision was made would be detrimental to the U.S. security U.S.S.R. and other bloc countries. concerning the application. and welfare had to be pursued. It was In addition to the significance of al­ DEPARTMENT OF STATE, studied in great detall and, of course, advice was sought from other interested U.S. Gov.. lowing the shipment such as the auto­ Washington, July 24, 1963. mated mining equipment to the U.S.S.R. DEAR CONGRESSMAN LIPSCOMB: Thank you ernment departments and from industry. for your letter of July 16, concerning a re­ Our decision to license was heavily weighted and its meaning to a buildup of the So­ port that the U.S.S.R. is interested in plac­ by the fact that potassium fertilizer can best viet economic potential, granting a li­ be characterized as "peaceful goods." In­ cense such as this has other far-reach­ ing an order for automated mining machin­ creased use throughout the world of potas­ ery valued at $10 million with a firm in ing significance. If such a shipment is sium fertillzer will undoubtedly increase allowed it would set a precedent, prac­ Pittsburgh. Certain export license applica­ food production. It ls our conviction that tions for such machinery have been received increased food production throughout the tically opening the gates for any item by the Department o! Commerce and are world, thereby relieving hunger and human which conceivably could be claimed to currently under consideration. I am· send­ suffering, is consistent with and in further­ be of less or equal significance in build­ ing your letter to Mr. F. D. Hockersmith. ance of U.S. overall objectives. ing up the Soviet economy and thus their Director, Oftlce of Export Control, Depart­ Sincerely yours, overall strength as a nation. Further at­ ment of Commerce, for a report on the status FoRREST D. HOCKERSMITH, tempts would undoubtedly be made to of those cases since the matter falls within Director. secure public acceptance and acquies­ the jurisdiction of the Department of Com­ I firmly believe that this license ap­ cence· to shipping even greater amounts merce. Mr. Hockersmith's .telephone num­ and different kinds of strategic goods and ber, ts code 112, extension 4293. proval should be withdrawn by the De­ partment of Commerce and hope that information which could build µp the You will hear directly from .the Depart­ economic and military potential of tne ment of Commerce on the matter. the Congress and the public will express Sincerely yours, themselves to the Department concern­ Soviet bloc. FREDERICK G. DUTTON, ing whether or not they believe this . At that point, should that happen, our _ - Assistant Secretary proposed export is in the best interest export control program would be all but (For the Secretary of State). of our security and welfare. meaningless, an empty shell. Though 15684 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE August 23. it seems clear that there are those who compilation on 1963-64 national debate CONFERENCE REPORT ON LIMITA­ wish to see this become a reality, I am topic of medicare. TIONS ON RETIREMENT OF EN­ equally sure that far the greater major­ House Resolution 444, authorizing LISTED MEN OF THE COAST ity of Americans are in complete dis­ $7,000 for the ad hoc Subcommittee on GUARD agreement with this goal and believe it Research Data Processing and Informa­ is contrary to our security and welfare. tion Retrieval Center. Mr. BONNER submitted a conference I have today written to the Depart­ For Tuesday: H.R. 7544, maternal and report and statement on the bill

statement to $ound the way it seems to. For on an interim report on Wood River Drainage PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTION~ unfortunately it sounds too much like one and Levee District, Madison County, Ill., of those demagogic speeches of familiar requested by resolutions of the .Committees Under clause 4 of rule XXII, public memory in which the orator cries that "they" on Public Works, U.S. Senate and House of bills and resolutions were introduced are organized to take over the country and Represente.tives, adopted July 18, 1957, and and severally referred as follows: subvert our freedoms. In such speeches the August 20, 1957 (iI. Doc. No. 150); to the By Mr. EDMONDSON: . "they" are never specified. "They" are Committee on Public Works and ordered to H.R. 8224. A bill to provide for the sale, by simply left to hang over the landscape, be printed with three illustrations. the Secretary of the Interior, to the surface brooding, ominous, and frightening. 1149. A letter from the Acting Archivist owners of land of certain mineral interests This is al ways a shoddy way to carry on of the United States, General Services Ad­ reserved to the United States; to the Com­ the public debate. For what divides this ministration, transmitting a report on rec­ mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs. country ls not its articles of faith; there is ords proposed for disposal under the law; By Mr. HARDING: universal dedication to the preservation of to the Committee on House Administration. H.R. 8225. A bill to provide. for the sale of our own freedom and heritage. The differ­ 1150. A letter from the Acting Admi.nis­ the undisposed of lots in the townsite of ence is over how best to preserve them. trative Assistant, Department of the Air Pocatello, Idaho, and for other purposes; to Those who rally to Senator GOLDWATER, just Force, transmitting a report of claims paid the Committee on Interior and Insular Af­ as those who rally to Governor Rockefeller, under section 2672 by the Department of fairs. have their reasons and it is no service to the the Air Force for the fiscal year 1963, pur­ public discussion to conduct it by epithet. By Mr. HERLONG: suant to section 2673 of title 28, United States H.R. 8226. A bill to amend the Internal Code; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Revenue Code of 1954 to allow an income tax 1151. A letter from the Acting Administra­ credit to an individual taxpayer for tuition. LEAVE OF ABSENCE tive Assistant, Department of the Air Force, and fees paid to an institution of higher transmitting a report of claims paid by the education, and to allow a tax credit to all By unanimous consent, leave of ab­ Department of the Air Force for the fiscal sence was granted to: taxpayers for charitable contributions to in­ year 1963, pursuant to section 2732(f) of stitutions of higher education; to the Com­ Mr. TALCOTT, for 1 week on account title 10, United States Code; to the Commit­ mittee on Ways and Means. tee on the Judiciary. of the death of his mother. By Mr. JONES of Alabama: Mr. DULSKI , discharges from, the District Training school, By Mr. WIDNALL: and for other purposes", approved March 3, H.R. 8234. A bill to supplement the Na­ under its previous order, the House ad­ tional Air Museum of the Smithsonian In­ journed until Monday, August 26, 1963, 1925, as amended; with amendment (Rept. No. 704). Referred to the Committee of the stitution with a National Transportation at 12 o'clock noon. Whole House on the State of the Union, Museum in order to make a complete history of transportation available for the benefit of the people · of. the United States, and to EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PRI­ provide ·space for a National. 'Visitor and ETC. Student Center in order to assist the 7 VATE BILLS A~ RE.SOLUTIONS million people who visit t.i:ir Nation's Capital Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, executive Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of each year; to the Committee o.n Ho.use communications were taken frcm the committees were delivered to the Clerk Administration. Speaker's table and referred as follows: for printing and reference to the proper By Mr. HARRIS: 1148. A letter from the Secretary of the calendar, as follows: H.J. Res. 665. Joint resolution to provide Army, transmitting a letter from the Chief for the settlement of the labor dispute be­ o! Engineers, Department of the Army, dated Mr. CHELF: Committee on the Judiciary. tween certain carriers by railroads and cer­ April 10, 1968, submitting a report, together H.R. 6260. A bill for the relief of Wai Ch~ tain of their employees; to the .Committee Cheng Liu; with amendment (Rept. No. 703). on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. with accompanying papers and illustrations, Referred· to the Committee of the Whole House. 15702 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE August 23 MEMORIALS MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT­ 1stration for research and development, Under clause 4 of rule XXII, APPROVAL OF BILLS construction of facilities, and admin­ Messages 1n writing from the President istrative operations, and for other pur­ 'the SPEAKER presented a memorial of pases; agreed to the conference asked the Legislature of" the Sta~ of California, of the United States were communicated memorializing the President and the Con­ to the Senate by Mr. Jones, one of his by the Senate on the disagreeing votes gress o:f the United States relative to the secretaries, and he announced that the of the two Houses thereon, and that Mr. Point Reyes National Seashore, which was President had approved and signed the MILLER of California, Mr. TEAGUE of referred to the Committee on Appropriations. following acts: Texas, Mr. KARTH, Mr. HECHLER, Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts, and Mr. FuL­ On August 20, 1963: S. 874. An act to authorize the construc­ TON of Pennsylvania were appointed PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS tion and equipping of bu1ldings required in . managers on the part of the House at Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private connection with the operations of the Bu­ the conference. bills and resolutions were introduced reau of the Mint. The message further announced that and severally referred as follows: On August 22, 1963: the House had passed the following bills, S. 1032. An act to exclude cargo which is in which it requested the concurrence of By Mr. HARDING: lumber from certain tariff filing require­ the Senate: H.R. 8235. A bill to provide :for the con­ ments under the Shipping Act, 1916, as veyance of certain real property o:f the amended. H.R. 1311. An act for the relief of Jolan United States; to the Committee on Agri­ Berczeller; culture. H.R.1742. An act for the relief of the Wet­ By Mr. HOLLAND: REPORT ON FOOD-FOR-PEACE zel County Hospital, New Martinsville, w. H.R. 8236. A bill :for the relief of Felippo Va.; and Giuseppa Raccuglia and minor children, PROGRAM-MESSAGE FROM THE H.R. 1759. An act for the relief of Rebecca Antonio and Tommaso Raccuglia; to the PRESIDENT