Did Ancient Persians Use a Spring-To-Spring
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The Chronology of Ezra 7
THE CHRONOLOGY OF EZRA 7 A REPORT OF THE HISTORICAL RESEARCH COMMITTEE OF THE GENERAL CONFERENCE OF SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISTS 1953 Prepared for the Committee by SIEGFRIED H. HORN, Ph.D. Professor of Archeology Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary and LYNN H. WOOD, Ph.D. Sometime Professor of Archeology Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary Review and Herald Publishing Association Washington, D.C. Preface SOME YEARS ago the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists set up a committee, later called the Historical Research Committee, to study certain problems of historical dating that relate to prophetic periods, and to engage in scientific research where it seemed necessary. One of the problems studied by the committee was the date for the seventh year of Artaxerxes. The evidence secured, as set forth in the following study, furnishes indisputable proof that the date accepted by the early pioneers of the Advent message was accurate from a scientific as well as from a Biblical viewpoint. Since the committee members were occupied with regular denominational responsibilities, the work was necessarily carried on intermittently, with intensive work done by a few from time to time. Special tribute should be paid to Lynn H. Wood, a charter member of the committee, who has done most of the basic research on the problems involved in this report. He has contributed very important principles and calculations, and has indicated the direction the research should take and the probable methods by which the solutions might be found. Grace E. Amadon, who passed away in 1945, contributed also to the early studies, especially in Jewish calendars. -
COSC345 Week 24 Internationalisation And
COSC345 Week 24 Internationalisation and Localisation 29 September 2015 Richard A. O'Keefe 1 From a Swedish h^otelroom Hj¨alposs att v¨arnerom v˚armilj¨o! F¨oratt minska utsl¨appav tv¨attmedel, byter vi Er handduk bara n¨arNi vill: 1. Handduk p˚agolvet | betyder att Ni vill ha byte 2. ... 2 The translation Help us to care for our environment! To reduce the use of laundry detergents, we shall change your towel as follows: 1. Towel on the floor | you want to have a new towel. 2. Towel hung up | you want to use it again. 3 People should be able to use computers in their own language. | It's just right not to make people struggle with unfamiliar lin- guistic and cultural codes. | Sensible people won't pay for programs that are hard to use. | Internationalisation (I18N) means making a program so that it does not enforce a particular language or set of cultural conventions | Localisation (L10N) means adapting an internationalised pro- gram to a particular language etc. | UNIX, VMS, Windows, all support internationalisation and lo- calisation; the Macintosh operating system has done this better for longer. 4 Characters You know that there are 26 letters in 2 cases. But Swedish has ˚a,¨a,¨o, A,˚ A,¨ and O¨ (29 letters), Croatian has d j, D j, D J, and others (3 cases), German has ß, which has no single upper case version (might be SS, might be SZ, both of which are two letters), Latin-1 has 58 letters in 2 cases (including 2 lower case letters with no upper case version), Arabic letters have 4 contextual shapes (beginning, middle, or end of word, or isolated), which are not case variants (Greek has one such letter, and Hebrew has several; even English used to), and Chinese has tens of thousands of characters. -
Adventist Heritage Loma Linda University Publications
Loma Linda University TheScholarsRepository@LLU: Digital Archive of Research, Scholarship & Creative Works Adventist Heritage Loma Linda University Publications Summer 1998 Adventist Heritage - Vol. 18, No. 1 Adventist Heritage, Inc. Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/advent-heritage Part of the History Commons, and the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Adventist Heritage, Inc., "Adventist Heritage - Vol. 18, No. 1" (1998). Adventist Heritage. http://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/advent-heritage/36 This Newsletter is brought to you for free and open access by the Loma Linda University Publications at TheScholarsRepository@LLU: Digital Archive of Research, Scholarship & Creative Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Adventist Heritage by an authorized administrator of TheScholarsRepository@LLU: Digital Archive of Research, Scholarship & Creative Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. AJournal ofAdventist History • 18.1 • Summer 1998 Contributors Editor Arthur Patrick La Sierra University Roberta J. Moore is Professor Emerita ofJournalism at La Sierra University. With an MAin English from Boston University, she chaired the English Department at Canadian Union College for four years, and founded the Walla Walla College journalism Associate Editors department. She earned a PhD from Syracuse University in 1968 with a dissertation entitled "The Beginning and Development of Protestant Journalism in the United States, 17 43- 1850." From 1972 to 1980 she was professor ofjournali sm at La Sierra Uni Dorothy Minchin-Comm versity. For more than twenty-five years she advised budding editors of student publications and wrote widely as a freelance au La Sierra University thor. Gary Land Andrews University Arnold C. Reye is a teacher and educational administrator. -
Edwin R. Thiele Papers
Register of the Edwin R. Thiele Papers Collection 89 Adventist Heritage Center James White Library Andrews University Berrien Springs, Michigan October 1996 Edwin R. Thiele Papers (Collection 89) Scope and Content: Edwin R. Thiele (1895-1986) was a missionary in China, editor, archaeologist, writer, and Old Testament professor. A native of Chicago, he graduated from Emmanuel Missionary College in 1918 with a B.A. degree in ancient languages. After two years of work as home missionary secretary for the East Michigan Conference, he left in 1920 for mission service in China. During his 12-year work in China, he was an editor and manager for the Signs of the Times Publishing House in Shanghai. After returning to the U.S., Thiele received an M.A. degree in archaeology from the University of Chicago in 1937. He then joined the religion faculty of Emmanuel Missionary College, while continuing his doctoral work at the University of Chicago. He obtained a Ph.D. degree in biblical archaeology in 1943. His doctoral dissertation, later published as The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings, is widely regarded as the definitive work on the chronology of Hebrew kings. After retiring from teaching in 1965, he moved to California where he continued to write. He died in St. Helena, California in 1986. Arrangement: The arrangement of the collection as shown in the inventory is such to maximize the accessibility of the materials. Each series is grouped by genre or topic and arranged alphabetically. However, in folders with a random collection of materials, no effort has been made to impose an order. -
Three Verifications of Thiele's Date for The
Andrews University Seminary Studies, Vol. 45, No. 2, ???-???. Copyright © 2007 Andrews University Press. THREE VERIFICATIONS OF THIELE’S DATE FOR THE BEGINNING OF THE DIVIDED KINGDOM RODGER C. YOUNG St. Louis, Missouri Overview of the Work of Thiele Edwin Thiele’s work on the chronology of the divided kingdom was first published in a 1944 article that was an abridgement of his doctoral dissertation.1 His research later appeared in various journals and in his book The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings, which went through three editions before Thiele’s death in 1986.2 No other chronological study dealing with the divided monarchies has found such wide acceptance among historians of the ancient Near East. The present study will show why this respect among historians is justified, particularly as regarding Thiele’s dates for the northern kingdom, while touching somewhat on the reasons that later scholars had to modify Thiele’s chronology for the southern kingdom. The breakthrough for Thiele’s chronology was that it matched various fixed dates in Assyrian history, and also helped resolve the controversy regarding other Assyrian dates, while at the same time it was consistent with all the biblical data that Thiele used to construct the chronology of the northern kingdom—but with the caveat that this was not entirely the case in his treatment of texts for the Judean kings. Of interest for the present discussion is the observation that Thiele’s dates for the northern kingdom had no substantial changes between the time of his 1944 article and the 1986 publication of the final edition of Mysterious Numbers.3 The initial skepticism that greeted Thiele’s findings has been replaced, in many quarters, by the realization that his means of establishing the dates of these kings shows a fundamental understanding of the historical issues involved, whether regarding Assyrian or Babylonian records or the traditions of the Hebrews. -
David J.A. Clines, "Regnal Year Reckoning in the Last Years of The
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BIBLICAL ARCHAEOLOGY REGNAL YEAR RECKONING IN THE LAST YEARS OF THE KINGDOM OF JUDAH D. J. A. CLINES Department of Biblical Studies, The University of Sheffield A long debated question in studies of the Israelite calendar and of pre-exilic chronology is: was the calendar year in Israel and Judah reckoned from the spring or the autumn? The majority verdict has come to be that throughout most of the monarchical period an autumnal calendar was employed for civil, religious, and royal purposes. Several variations on this view have been advanced. Some have thought that the spring reckoning which we find attested in the post-exilic period came into operation only during the exile, 1 but many have maintained that the usual autumnal calendar gave way in pre-exilic Judah to a spring calendar as used by Assyrians and Babylonians.2 Some have 1. So e.g. J. Wellhausen, Prolegomena to the History of Ancient Israel (ET, Edinburgh, 1885, r.p. Cleveland, 1957), 108f.; K. Marti, 'Year', Encyclopaedia Biblica, iv (London, 1907), col. 5365; S. Mowinckel, 'Die Chronologie der israelitischen und jiidischen Konige', Acta Orien talia 10 (1932), 161-277 174ff.). 2. (i) In the 8th century according to E. Kutsch, Das Herbst/est ill Israel (Diss. Mainz, 1955), 68; id., RGG,3 i (1957), col. 1812; followed by H.-J. Kraus, Worship in Israel (ET, Richmond, Va., 1966), 45; similarly W. F. Albright, Bib 37 (1956), 489; A. Jepsen, Zllr Chronologie der Konige von Israel lInd Judo, in A. Jepsen and R. Hanhart, Ullter sllchllngen zur israelitisch-jiidischen Chrollologie (BZAW, 88) (Berlin, 1964), 28, 37. -
Newsletter 41.1 Layout 1
William Shea Dies Table of Contents illiam H. Shea, physician, professor, lecturer on Archeology and the Bible, former interim Page W director of the Institute of Archaeology, and former associate director of the Biblical Research Institute, died February 15, 2020 in Manassas, Virginia of septic shock. He was 87 years old. William Shea Dies 1 William Henry Shea was born to Henry Morris Shea and Nettie Josephine Lende on December Al-Maktába 3 30, 1932, in Upland California. He was named for Ft. William Henry Harrison, where his parents met. His boyhood days were spent in Laguna Beach, California, where his front door opened Random Survey 4 towards the Pacific Coast Highway, and the back door to the beach. To his regret, his family moved to Ontario, California, where he attended Chaffey High School. Across the street from his new home, there lived two Adventist young people with whom he walked to school every day. They invited him to an evangelistic meeting at the Adventist Church on Daniel 2. He started attending church services, became involved with the young people’s activities, and was baptized. Bill went to La Sierra College from 1950 to 1954, where Drs. Edward Heppenstall and Tom Blincoe had a great influence upon his interests, and also where he met Karen Olsen. They became engaged at the end of her senior year and married at the end of her freshman year of medical school, in 1956. While in college, Bill was undecided between the ministry and medicine, finally deciding, in his junior year, on medicine with the goal of becoming a medical missionary. -
William Shea Dies
Andrews University Digital Commons @ Andrews University Faculty Publications Winter 1-1-2020 William Shea Dies Paul J. Ray Andrews University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/pubs Recommended Citation Ray, Paul J., "William Shea Dies" (2020). Faculty Publications. 2893. https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/pubs/2893 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ Andrews University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Andrews University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. William Shea Dies Table of Contents illiam H. Shea, physician, professor, lecturer on Archeology and the Bible, former interim Page W director of the Institute of Archaeology, and former associate director of the Biblical Research Institute, died February 15, 2020 in Manassas, Virginia of septic shock. He was 87 years old. William Shea Dies 1 William Henry Shea was born to Henry Morris Shea and Nettie Josephine Lende on December Al-Maktába 3 30, 1932, in Upland California. He was named for Ft. William Henry Harrison, where his parents met. His boyhood days were spent in Laguna Beach, California, where his front door opened Random Survey 4 towards the Pacific Coast Highway, and the back door to the beach. To his regret, his family moved to Ontario, California, where he attended Chaffey High School. Across the street from his new home, there lived two Adventist young people with whom he walked to school every day. They invited him to an evangelistic meeting at the Adventist Church on Daniel 2. -
Siegfried H. Horn: 1908-1993 a Tribute
SIEGFRIED H. HORN: 1908-1993 A TRIBUTE On November 28,1993, Siegfried H. Horn, first editor of Andrews University Seminary Sttrdies, passed away in St. Helena, California, at the age of 85. As was discovered after his death, he had malignant lymphoma. Horn's long and distinguished career in biblical archaeology has been documented in recent issues of Biblical Archaeology Review. Larry G. Herr's article "The Search for Biblical Heshbon",' told of Horn's BAR 19 (Nov.-Dec. 1993): 36-37, 68. TRIBUTE 5 leadership in the Hesban project, which has been reported through the years in the pages of AUSS. The article ended by saying that "at the age of 85, Siegfried Horn still keeps an eye on our work and would have it no other way." Herr, currently Annual Professor at the Albright Institute of Archaeological Research in Jerusalem, intended for his piece to be a tribute that Horn might read and enjoy in life. Whether Horn saw it, we do not know. BAR also carried a tribute written by Larry Geraty, in which Horn's life story is told.' Siegfried Horn was the son of a Seventh-day Adventist Bible teacher and one of Germany's earliest aviators. He was educated in Jewish schools so he would not have to attend school on Sabbath. After theological education in Germany and England, Horn served as a missionary in the Dutch East Indies. Interned with other German nationals, first in Java and then in India, Horn spent seven years in prison camps. During those years he spent time with his cherished books, miraculously preserved through many difficulties. -
Welcome to the Source of Data on Calendars
19/04/2019 Calendopaedia - The Encyclopaedia of Calendars Welcome to THE source of data on calendars. I recommend that you start by looking at the Comparison of Calendars. Alternatively you could choose from one of these pull-down meus then click 'Go'. Choose a calendar :- Go or Choose a topic :- Go Since the dawn of civilisation man has kept track of time by use of the sun, the moon, and the stars. Man noticed that time could be broken up into units of the day (the time taken for the earth to rotate once on its axis), the month (the time taken for the moon to orbit the earth) and the year (the time taken for the earth to orbit the sun). This information was needed so as to know when to plant crops and when to hold religious ceremonies. The problems were that a month is not made up of an integral number of days, a year is not made of an integral number of months and neither is a year made up of an integral number of days. This caused man to use his ingenuity to overcome these problems and produce a calendar which enabled him to keep track of time. The ways in which these problems were tackled down the centuries and across the world is the subject of this Web site. It is recommended that you start by looking at the Comparison of Calendars. This page was produced by Michael Astbury. Thanks to all the reference sources which I have quoted (too many to list them all) and to all the friends who have contributed to these pages in so many ways. -
Harvard (Author-Date) Referencing
Harvard (Author-Date) Referencing University of Hull standard style If you Google 'Harvard Referencing' you will find that every university has its own guide and that they all differ slightly in terms of punctuation, formatting and the order of information. 'Harvard Referencing' refers to any referencing style that uses the author name and year of publication within the text to indicate that information or ideas have been sourced from elsewhere. For this reason it is sometimes referred to as 'Author Date' referencing. This guide gives University of Hull students definitive examples of how to reference different materials using Harvard referencing for all their submitted work. This is the standardised referencing system to be used by all departments, faculties and schools at the University of Hull who ask their students to use the Harvard referencing system. Use these guidelines when referencing manually. We do, however, recommend that all students learn how to use bibliographic software (EndNote or Refworks) over the course of their studies to make their referencing more efficient. Relevant styles are available on the Skills Team pages of the Library website. Web: www.hull.ac.uk/skills Email: [email protected] Contents University of Hull standard style ............................................................................................ 0 What is Referencing? ............................................................................................................. 4 When must you use a reference in your work? ............................................................... -
IV. a Re-Examination of the Nabonid~S Chonicle I
AN UNRECOGNIZED VASSAL KING OF BABYLON IN THE EARLY ACHAEMENID PERIOD WILLIAM H. SHEA Port-of-Spain, Trinidad, West Indies IV. A Re-examination of the Nabonid~sChonicle I. Comparative Materials Introd~ction.If a solution to the problem posed by the titulary of Cyrus in the economic texts is to be sought, perhaps it is not unexpected that the answer might be found in the Nabonidus Chronicle, since that text is the most specific historical document known that details the events of the time in question. However, there are several places in this re- consideration of the Nabonidus Chronicle where the practices of the Babylonian scribes who wrote the chronicle texts are examined, and for this reason other chronicle texts besides the Nabonidus Chronicle are referred to in this section. The texts that have been selected for such comparative purposes chronicle events from the two centuries preceding the time of the Nabonidus Chronicle. Coincidentally, the chronicle texts considered here begin with records from the reign of Nabonas- sar in the middle of the 8th century B.c., the same time when the royal titulary in the economic texts began to show the changes discussed in the earlier part of this study. Although there are gaps in the information available from the chronicles for these two centuries, we are fortunate to have ten texts that chronicle almost one-half of the regnal years from the time of Nabonassar to the time of Cyrus (745-539). The texts utilized in this study of the chronicles are listed in Table V. * The first two parts of this article were published in A USS, IX (1971), 51-67, 99-128.