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Digital approaches in cultural heritage: towards a Pan-Baltic cooperation network. Final report. The National Library of Latvia. November 2019 Digital approaches in cultural heritage: towards a Pan-Baltic cooperation network Final report The National Library of Latvia November 2019 1 Project “Digital approaches in cultural heritage: towards a pan-Baltic cooperation network” Funded by the Council of the Baltic Sea States under the Project Support Facility Project partners Table of contents About project .................................................................................................................................... 4 Preface .............................................................................................................................................. 6 Digitisation of cultural heritage – policies and challenges ............................................................... 7 I Digital preservation of cultural heritage materials .............................................................12 Current challenges ................................................................................................................... 13 Best practice ............................................................................................................................ 19 Recommendations ................................................................................................................... 20 II Digital cultural heritage for strengthening a regional identity ...........................................23 Concept of cultural heritage .................................................................................................... 25 Concept of national and regional identity ............................................................................... 26 Best practice ............................................................................................................................ 28 Resources of national significance ....................................................................................... 28 Specialized digital collections .............................................................................................. 31 Recommendations ................................................................................................................... 34 III Use of cultural heritage materials in research across borders ............................................37 Challenges for using cultural heritage materials in research ................................................... 38 Best practice ............................................................................................................................ 39 Recommendations ................................................................................................................... 43 IV Cross-border accessibility of cultural heritage in digital environment ................................46 Principal challenges from a copyright perspective .................................................................. 47 Best practice ............................................................................................................................ 49 Implications of the DSM directive ........................................................................................... 56 Out-of-commerce works ...................................................................................................... 56 Extended Collective Licencing ............................................................................................. 61 Recommendations ................................................................................................................... 62 Out of Commerce licences .................................................................................................. 62 ECL agreements ................................................................................................................... 62 A new EU regulation on mutual recognition ........................................................................ 67 Data protection .................................................................................................................... 67 Business models for making cultural heritage available on the Internet ............................. 68 Conclusions .............................................................................................................................70 V Recommendations on increasing cross-border cooperation ...............................................72 Recommendations for cultural heritage institutions ................................................................ 73 Recommendations for policy makers on national level ........................................................... 74 Recommendation for regional policy makers .......................................................................... 75 VI Setting up a Pan-Baltic network for cultural heritage professionals dealing with digital approaches in cultural heritage ..........................................................77 Digital approaches in cultural heritage: towards a Pan-Baltic cooperation network. Final report. The National Library of Latvia. November 2019 About project The project “Digital approaches in cultural heritage: towards a Pan-Baltic cooperation project”, co-funded by the Project Support Facility of the Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS) under the priority area “Regional Identity”, was realised from 01.07.2018 to 20.11.2019 by the National Library of Latvia in partnership with the National Library of Sweden, the National Library of Estonia, Rostock University Library and Martynas Mazvydas National Library of Lithuania. The main aim of the project was to seek opportunities to strengthen and expand cooperation among cultural heritage operators in the Baltic Sea Region, focusing on the application of digital approaches in cultural heritage. A horizontal goal of the project was to promote the presence and respect of the incoming generation of young professionals in cultural heritage. The main objectives of the project were: – To collect and examine current best practices in the Baltic Sea Region regarding the application of digital approaches in the field of cultural heritage. – To develop recommendations for increased Pan-Baltic collaboration in the implementation of digital approaches in the field of cultural heritage, containing practical suggestions for cultural heritage institutions in three distinct areas of collaboration. – To propose a scenario for creating a Pan-Baltic network for cultural heritage professionals working in various institutions dealing with cultural heritage to address issues and opportunities created by the digital shift in cultural heritage and foster Pan-Baltic cooperation in digitisation, digital preservation and access to cultural heritage. – To embrace the perspective of millennials on cultural heritage. – To engage young professionals in the field of cultural heritage. The project was realised through three distinct phases, each with its own goals. 1 Phase one – elaboration. The goal of this phase was to explore the current state-of-art in the application of digital approaches in the field of cultural heritage in the Baltic Sea Region countries and to identify prospects for effective Pan-Baltic cooperation in these areas. That was carried out by four separate expert groups, each focusing on one distinct aspect of the use of digital approaches in cultural heritage, guided and assisted by the steering committee of the project. The work of those groups prepared the ground for further discussions on the proposed approaches during the next two phases of the project. The expert groups addressed the following themes: a) Preservation of the recent cultural heritage, including born-digital (Expert Group 1). This expert group focused on issues concerning the preservation and access to the recent cultural heritage, including the born-digital heritage, as well as the long-term preservation of digital cultural materials. As cultural materials are increasingly created and distributed in a purely digital form, there is an increased pressure to find effective ways to ensure that these materials are not lost to future generations. Cultural heritage institutions are becoming increasingly aware of the costs and complexity of the long-term preservation of digital and digitised 4 Digital approaches in cultural heritage: towards a Pan-Baltic cooperation network. Final report. The National Library of Latvia. November 2019 cultural heritage. These challenges cannot be effectively addressed on either institutional or national level, and sharing of both competences and services can be very effective. This expert group was led by the National Library of Estonia. b) Use of cultural heritage materials for regional identity building (Expert Group 2). This expert group focused on opportunities to use cultural heritage materials in digital products and services for general audiences, especially the youth. As cultural heritage is not only local and national, but also regional and global, digital approaches are well suited to effectively raising the awareness about our shared regional culture, history and identity, and jointly developing cross-border digital resources. As this field is very recent and dynamic, there is a lot to learn from each other about the most effective ways to embed cultural heritage materials in digital products and services for education

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