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Thieme: Clinical Tests of the Musculoskeletal System

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Thieme: Clinical Tests of the Musculoskeletal System Contents VII Contents 1 Spine ................................................... 1 Range of Motion of the Spine (Neutral-Zero Method) ........... 3 Overview of Tests for Evaluating Spinal Function ............ 3 Fingertips-to-Floor Distance Test in Flexion ................. 6 Ott Sign ................................................. 7 Schober Sign ............................................. 7 Skin-Rolling Test (Kibler Fold Test) ......................... 8 Chest Tests ................................................. 9 Sternum Compression Test ................................ 9 Rib Compression Test ..................................... 9 Chest Circumference Test ................................. 10 Schepelmann Test ........................................ 10 Cervical Spine Tests ......................................... 11 Cervical Spine—Range Of Motion—Screening (ROM) ......... 11 Screening of Cervical Spine Rotation ....................... 12 Test of Head Rotation in Maximum Extension ............... 13 Test of Head Rotation in Maximum Flexion ................. 14 Test of Segmental Function in the Cervical Spine ............ 15 Soto–HallTest ........................................... 16 Percussion Test .......................................... 17 O’Donoghue Test ......................................... 17 Valsalva Test ............................................. 18 Spurling Test ............................................ 18 Cervical Spine Distraction Test ............................. 19 Shoulder Press Test ....................................... 20 Brachial Plexus Tension Test ............................... 21 Shoulder Abduction (Bakody) Test ......................... 24 Test of Maximum Compression of the Intervertebral Foramina 24 Jackson Compression Test ................................. 25 Intervertebral Foramina Compression Test .................. 26 Flexion Compression Test ................................. 26 Extension Compression Test ............................... 27 Thoracic Spine Tests ......................................... 27 Adams Forward Bend Test ................................ 28 Kyphosis Test on Hands and Knees ......................... 28 aus: Buckup, Clinical Tests Musculoskeletal System (ISBN 9783131367621) © 2008 Thieme KG VIII Contents Test of Segmental Function in the Thoracic Spine in Extension and Flexion .................................. 28 Lumbar Spine Tests .......................................... 29 Thomsen Sign—Prone Knee Flexion Test ..................... 29 Spinous Process Tap Test .................................. 30 Lhermitte’s Sign .......................................... 30 Psoas Sign ................................................ 31 Lasègue Drop (Rebound) Test .............................. 32 One-Leg Standing (Stork Standing), Lumbar Extension Test .... 33 Lumbar Spine Springing Test ............................... 34 Hyperextension Test ...................................... 34 Supported Forward Bend Test (Belt Test) .................... 35 Sacroiliac Joint ............................................ 36 Ligament Tests ........................................... 37 Springing Test 1 .......................................... 39 Patrick Test (Fabere Sign) .................................. 40 Three-Phase Hyperextension Test ........................... 41 Spine Test ................................................ 42 Standing Flexion Test ...................................... 43 Sacroiliac Mobilization Test ................................ 45 Sacroiliac Joint Springing Test 2 ............................ 46 Derbolowsky Sign ......................................... 47 Gaenslen Sign (2nd Mennell Sign) .......................... 48 Iliac Compression Test ..................................... 49 1st Mennell Sign .......................................... 49 Yeoman Test .............................................. 50 Laguerre Test ............................................. 51 Sacroiliac Stress Test ...................................... 51 Abduction Stress Test ..................................... 52 Nerve Root Compression Syndrome ........................... 52 Slump Test ............................................... 55 Lasègue Sign (Straight Leg Raising Test) ..................... 56 Bonnet Sign (Piriformis Sign) ............................... 58 Lasègue Test with the Patient Seated ........................ 58 Bragard Test .............................................. 59 Lasègue Differential Test ................................... 60 Duchenne Sign ........................................... 62 Kernig-Brudzinski Test .................................... 62 Tiptoe and Heel Walking Test .............................. 63 Femoral Nerve Traction Test ............................... 64 Reverse Lasègue Test (Femoral Nerve Lasègue Test) .......... 65 Hoover Test .............................................. 67 aus: Buckup, Clinical Tests Musculoskeletal System (ISBN 9783131367621) © 2008 Thieme KG Contents IX 2 Shoulder ............................................... 69 Range of Motion of the Shoulder (Neutral-Zero Method) ........ 71 Orientation Tests ............................................ 74 Quick Test of Combined Motion ........................... 74 Codman Sign ............................................ 74 Palm Sign Test and Finger Sign Test ........................ 76 Bursitis Tests ............................................... 76 Bursae .................................................. 76 Bursitis Sign ............................................. 77 DawbarnTest............................................ 77 Rotator Cuff (Impingement Symptoms) ....................... 78 Zero-Degree Abduction Test ............................... 81 Jobe Supraspinatus Test ................................... 82 Subscapularis Test ........................................ 83 Gerber Lift-Off Test ....................................... 84 Belly Press–Abdominal Compression Test ................... 85 Napoleon Sign ........................................... 86 Infraspinatus Test ........................................ 87 Teres Test ............................................... 88 Abduction External Rotation Test .......................... 88 Nonspecific Supraspinatus Test ............................ 89 Drop Arm Test ........................................... 89 Walch Hornblower Sign ................................... 90 Apley’s Scratch Test ...................................... 90 Painful Arc .............................................. 91 Neer Impingement Sign ................................... 92 Hawkins and Kennedy Impingement Test ................... 93 Neer Impingement Injection Test .......................... 94 Acromioclavicular Joint ...................................... 95 Painful Arc .............................................. 96 Crossed Body Adduction Stress Test ........................ 97 Forced Adduction Test on Hanging Arm .................... 97 Clavicle Mobility Test ..................................... 98 Dugas Test ............................................... 98 Acromioclavicular Injection Test ........................... 99 Long Head of the Biceps Tendon .............................. 99 Nonspecific Biceps Tendon Test ............................ 99 Abbott–Saunders Test .................................... 100 Palm-Up Test (Speed Biceps or Straight Arm Test) ........... 101 Snap Test ................................................ 101 aus: Buckup, Clinical Tests Musculoskeletal System (ISBN 9783131367621) © 2008 Thieme KG X Contents Yergason Test ............................................. 102 Hueter Sign .............................................. 102 Transverse Humeral Ligament Test ......................... 103 Thompson and Kopell Horizontal Flexion Test (Cross-Body Action) ....................................... 104 Ludington Test ............................................ 105 Lippman Test ............................................. 105 SLAP Lesions ............................................. 106 O’Brien Active Compression Test ............................ 106 Biceps Load Test 1 ........................................ 107 Biceps Load Test 2 ........................................ 108 Shoulder Instability .......................................... 109 Compression Test ......................................... 110 Anterior Apprehension Test ................................ 110 Throwing Test ............................................ 114 Leffert Test ............................................... 114 Anterior and Posterior Load and Shift Test ................... 115 Gerber–Ganz Anterior Drawer Test ......................... 115 Posterior Apprehension Test (Posterior Shift and Load Test) . 116 Gerber–Ganz Posterior Drawer Test ......................... 116 Posterior Apprehension Test with the Patient Standing ....... 118 Fukuda Test .............................................. 119 Sulcus Sign ............................................... 119 RoweTest................................................ 121 3 Elbow .................................................. 123 Range of Motion of the Elbow (Neutral-Zero Method) ........... 126 Function Tests ............................................... 126 Orientation Tests ............................................ 126 Hyperflexion Test ......................................... 126 Supination Stress Test ..................................... 127 Stability Tests
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