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The Interpretation of the Old Testament in Greco-Roman Paganism
Studien und Texte zu Antike und Christentum Studies and Texts in Antiquity and Christianity Herausgeber/Editor: CHRISTOPH MARKSCHIES (Berlin) Beirat/Advisory Board HUBERT CANCIK (Berlin) • GIOVANNI CASADIO (Salerno) SUSANNA ELM (Berkeley) • JOHANNES HAHN (Münster) JÖRG RÜPKE (Erfurt) 23 John Granger Cook The Interprétation of the Old Testament in Greco-Roman Paganism Mohr Siebeck JOHN GRANGER COOK, born 1955; 1976 B.A. in Philosophy, Davidson College; 1979 M. Div., Union Theological Seminary (VA); 1982-83 Doctoral research at the University of Gottin- gen; 1985 Ph.D. at Emory University; 1985-91 Pastor at Reems Creek Presbyterian Parish in Weaverville, NC/USA; 1991-94 post doctoral studies at Emory University; since 1994 Associate Professor of Religion and Philosophy at LaGrange College, GA/USA. ISBN 3-16-148474-6 ISSN 1436-3003 (Studien und Texte zu Antike und Christentum) Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliographie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at http://dnb.ddb.de. © 2004 by Mohr Siebeck,Tübingen, Germany. This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that permitted by copyright law) without the publisher's written permission. This applies particularly to reproductions, translations, microfilms and storage and processing in electronic systems. The book was printed by Guide-Druck in Tübingen on non-aging paper and bound by Buchbinderei Held in Rottenburg. Printed in Germany. For my doctoral fathers, Prof. David Hellholm and the late Prof. William Beardslee, with heartfelt gratitude Table of Contents Introduction 1 0.1 Hecataeus of Abdera (ca 300 B.C.E.) 4 0.2 Manetho (III B.C.E.) 6 0.3 Ocellus Lucanus (II B.C.E.) 8 0.4 Lysimachus 9 0.5 Apollonius Molon (I B.C.E.) 11 0.6 Alexander Polyhistor (ca 105-35 B.C.E.) 13 0.7 Diodorus Siculus (I B.C.E.) 16 0.8 Nicolaus of Damascus 19 0.9 Strabo (ca 64 B.C.E. -
Acoustic Simulation of Julius Caesar's Battlefield Speeches
acoustics Article Acoustic Simulation of Julius Caesar’s Battlefield Speeches Braxton Boren Audio Technology Program, Department of Performing Arts, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA; [email protected]; Tel.: +1-202-885-1482 Received: 14 September 2018; Accepted: 10 October 2018; Published: 14 October 2018 Abstract: History contains many accounts of speeches given by civic and military leaders before large crowds prior to the invention of electronic amplification. Historians have debated the historical accuracy of these accounts, often making some reference to acoustics, either supporting or refuting the accounts, but without any numerical justification. The field of digital humanities, and more specifically archaeoacoustics, seeks to use computational techniques to provide empirical data to improve historical analysis. Julius Caesar recalled giving speeches to 14,000 men after the battle of Dyrrachium and another to 22,000 men before the battle of Pharsalus during the Roman Civil War. Caesar’s background and education are discussed, including his training in rhetoric and oratory, which would have affected his articulation and effective sound pressure level while addressing his troops. Based on subjective reports about Caesar’s oratorical abilities, his effective Sound Pressure Level (SPL) is assumed to be 80 dBA, about 6 dB above the average loud speaking voice but lower than that of the loudest trained actors and singers. Simulations show that for reasonable background noise conditions Caesar could have been heard intelligibly by 14,000 soldiers in a quiet, controlled environment as in the speech at Dyrrachium. In contrast, even granting generous acoustic and geometric conditions, Caesar could not have been heard by more than about 700 soldiers while his army was on the march before the battle of Pharsalus. -
Philo's and Paul's Retelling of the Abraham Narrative in De Abrahamo
Philo’s and Paul’s Retelling of the Abraham Narrative in De Abrahamo and Galatians 3–4 and Romans 4 ID # 260575888 Shekari, Elkanah Kuzahyet-Buki Faculty of Religious Studies (FRS), McGill University, Montreal April, 2015 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts in Religious Studies © Copyright Elkanah Kuzahyet-Buki Shekari, 2015 1 ABSTRACT The Abraham narrative found in Genesis 11:26–25:10 has been retold in different ways by both Jews and non-Jews. All the re-tellers wanted to point out the way in which the Abraham narrative impacted people. The history of research on Abraham in the last century, shows little or no interests in the re-tellers of the Abraham narrative. For example, their primary sources, styles of text selection, and arrangement of the selected data in retelling the story of Abraham. Rather, the history of research shows that scholars were more interested on the reliability of the narrative, the religion of Abraham and his role as the ancestor of the Jews and of the non-Jews. My primary focus is on Philo’s and Paul’s retelling of the Abraham narrative, their primary source; their selection from the source; their arrangement of the events, and their goals for retelling the story of Abraham. I used the insights of producing history of Hayden White, a literary critic and philosopher of history. White’s insights show how historians select from their primary sources by means of their plot-structure, in order to retell past events by means of the historians emplotment, argument, ideological implications, and use of figurative language (tropes). -
The Jews in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt
Texte und Studien zum Antiken Judentum herausgegeben von Martin Hengel und Peter Schäfer 7 The Jews in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt The Struggle for Equal Rights by Aryeh Kasher J. C. B. Möhr (Paul Siebeck) Tübingen Revised and translated from the Hebrew original: rponm fl'taDij'jnn DnSQ HliT DDTlinsT 'jp Dpanaa (= Publications of the Diaspora Research Institute and the Haim Rosenberg School of Jewish Studies, edited by Shlomo Simonsohn, Book 23). Tel Aviv University 1978. CIP-Kurztitelaufnahme der Deutschen Bibliothek Kasher, Aryeh: The Jews in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt: the struggle for equal rights / Aryeh Kasher. - Tübingen: Mohr, 1985. (Texte und Studien zum antiken Judentum; 7) ISBN 3-16-144829-4 NE: GT First Hebrew edition 1978 Revised English edition 1985 © J. C. B. Möhr (Paul Siebeck) Tübingen 1985. Alle Rechte vorbehalten. / All rights reserved. Printed in Germany. Säurefreies Papier von Scheufeien, Lenningen. Typeset: Sam Boyd Enterprise, Singapore. Offsetdruck: Guide-Druck GmbH, Tübingen. Einband: Heinr. Koch, Tübingen. In memory of my parents Maniya and Joseph Kasher Preface The Jewish Diaspora has been part and parcel of Jewish history since its earliest days. The desire of the Jews to maintain their na- tional and religious identity, when scattered among the nations, finds its actual expression in self organization, which has served to a ram- part against external influence. The dispersion of the people in modern times has become one of its unique characteristics. Things were different in classical period, and especially in the Hellenistic period, following the conquests of Alexander the Great, when disper- sion and segregational organization were by no means an exceptional phenomenon, as revealed by a close examination of the history of other nations. -
Brill's Companion to Cicero
BRILL’S COMPANION TO CICERO This page intentionally left blank May.vw.c 30-07-2002 10:22 Pagina 3 BRILL’S COMPANION TO CICERO Oratory and Rhetoric EDITED BY JAMES M. MAY BRILL LEIDEN • BOSTON • KÖLN 2002 May.vw.c 30-07-2002 10:22 Pagina 4 The illumination on the cover of this book is from a fifteenth-century edition of Cicero’s orationes (Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, MS Plut. 48.8, c. 2r). Reproduced with permission from the Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali. This book is printed on acid-free paper Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Brill´s companion to Cicero : oratory and rhetoric / edited by James M. May p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 9004121471 1Cicero, Marcus Tullius. Speeches. 2. Speeches, addresses, etc., Latin—History and criticism. 3. Rome—History—Republic, 265-30 B.C.—Sources. 4.Cicero, Marcus Tullius. Rhetorical works. 5. Rhetoric, Ancient. I. May, James M. PA6285 .B75 2002 875’.01—dc21 2002066555 Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Brill’s companion to Cicero : oratory and rhetoric / ed. by James M. May. – Leiden ; Boston ; Köln : Brill, 2002 ISBN 90-04-12147-1 ISBN 90 04 12147 1 © Copyright 2002 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910 Danvers, MA 01923, USA. -
Cicero and the Moral Education of Youth
CICERO AND THE MORAL EDUCATION OF YOUTH A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of The School of Continuing Studies and of The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Liberal Studies Georgetown University Washington, D.C. May 1, 2013 Copyright 2013 by Terence J. Husband, M.A.L.S., M.A., Lit. All Rights Reserved ii CICERO AND THE MORAL EDUCATION OF YOUTH Terence J. Husband, M.A.L.S., M.A., Lit. Chair: Rev. John W. O’Malley, S.J. ABSTRACT Marcus Tullius Cicero (106-43 B.C.), one of the most influential figures of the tempestuous late Roman Republic, has been interpreted across eras, cultures and disciplines to a voluminous degree. Most Ciceronian scholarship pertains to his role in public life, his great gift of rhetoric or his philosophical writings. These important pursuits may overlook another aspect of Cicero’s legacy, his great concern for the ethical and moral development of young people. This awareness reached full expression in the autumn of 44 B.C., in Cicero’s last major work, the De Officiis . The three-book essay was written to his son, Marcus Minor, at a time when the young man was in Greece under the pretense of studying philosophy. He was not his father’s equal as a thinker, lacked his father’s discipline and drifted between career ambitions. Cicero wished to be in Athens to oversee his son’s development but political events at Rome precluded that possibility. The De Officiis is important to study as an example of an honorable classical tradition, a written communication between father and son. -
Philo's Portrayal of Moses in the Context of Ancient Judaism
LOUIS H. FELDMAN Philo’s Portrayal of Moses in the Context of Ancient Judaism University of Notre Dame Press Notre Dame, Indiana © 2007 University of Notre Dame Press Copyright © by University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, Indiana www.undpress.nd.edu All Rights Reserved Manufactured in the United States of America Designed by Wendy McMillen, type set in . ⁄. Garamond MT Printed on # Nature’s Natural recycled paper in the U.S.A. by Sheridan Books, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Feldman, Louis H. Philo’s portrayal of Moses in the context of ancient Judaism / Louis H. Feldman. p. cm. — (Christianity and Judaism in antiquity series ; v. ) Includes bibliographical references and index. -: ---- (cloth : alk. paper) -: --- (cloth : alk. paper) . Moses (Biblical leader) . Philo, of Alexandria. Pseudo-Philo. Josephus, Flavius. Rabbinical literature—History and criticism. Greek literature, Hellenistic—Jewish authors—History and criticism. Dead Sea scrolls. Christian literature, Early—History and criticism. I. Title. '.—dc This book is printed on recycled paper. © 2007 University of Notre Dame Press I. General Considerations 1. The Importance of Moses in Classical Antiquity The one figure in Jewish tradition who was well known to the pagan world was Moses (see Gager ). When Quintilian (..), at the end of the first century, refers to “the founder of the Jewish superstition,” he, like Pseudo- Longinus, does not deem it necessary to name him, because Moses was ap- parently well known.1 When Juvenal (.‒) wishes to satirize converts to Judaism he speaks of what they learn as “Moses’ arcane book.” Moses’ connection with Egypt, known for its antiquity, its learning, and its wealth, undoubtedly gave him a certain prominence, especially during the Hellenistic period, when Alexandria was the chief center of scholarship. -
The Dispute Concerning Rhetoric in Hellenistic Thought
% © 2011, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht GmbH & Co. KG, Göttingen ISBN Print: 9783525252949 — ISBN E-Book: 9783647252940 Hypomnemata Untersuchungen zur Antike und zu ihrem Nachleben Herausgegeben von Albrecht Dihle, Siegmar Döpp, Dorothea Frede, Hans-Joachim Gehrke, Günther Patzig, Christoph Riedweg, Gisela Striker Band 185 Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht © 2011, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht GmbH & Co. KG, Göttingen ISBN Print: 9783525252949 — ISBN E-Book: 9783647252940 Yosef Z. Liebersohn The Dispute concerning Rhetoric in Hellenistic Thought Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht © 2011, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht GmbH & Co. KG, Göttingen ISBN Print: 9783525252949 — ISBN E-Book: 9783647252940 Verantwortliche Herausgeberin: Gisela Striker Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar ISBN 978-3-525-25294-9 Hypomnemata ISSN 0085-1671 Umschlagabbildung: Cluny (Burgund, Frankreich), ehemalige Benediktinerabtei. Die Rhetorik. Skulptur, um 1095/1115. Ausschnit aus einem Kapitell mit Personifikation der sieben freien Künste. Yvan Travert/akg-images. ’ 2010, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht GmbH & Co. KG, Göttingen / Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht LLC, Oakville, CT, U.S.A. www.v-r.de Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Das Werk und seine Teile sind urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung in anderen als den gesetzlich zugelassenen Fällen bedarf der vorherigen schriftlichen Einwilligung des Verlages. Hinweis zu -
Abraham in Contemporary Greek and Latin Authors." Abraham in Jewish and Early Christian Literature
Williams, Margaret. "Abraham in Contemporary Greek and Latin Authors." Abraham in Jewish and Early Christian Literature. Ed. Sean A. Adams and Zanne Domoney-Lyttle. London: T&T Clark, 2019. 165–182. Bloomsbury Collections. Web. 28 Sep. 2021. <http:// dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780567675545.ch-010>. Downloaded from Bloomsbury Collections, www.bloomsburycollections.com, 28 September 2021, 02:30 UTC. Copyright © Sean A. Adams, Zanne Domoney-Lyttle and contributors 2019. You may share this work for non-commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher, and provide a link to the Creative Commons licence. C h a p t e r 1 0 A BRAHAM IN C ONTEMPORARY G REEK AND L ATIN A UTHORS M a r g a r e t W i l l i a m s Survey of the Ancient Literature Abraham does not receive so much as a mention in either of the surviving surveys in Greek of Jewish history and customs: those written by, respectively, the historian, Diodorus Siculus (second half of the fi rst century BCE) and the geographer, Strabo of Amaseia (active around the beginning of the Common Era).1 Th e reason for this omission is that both these scholars believed that the key foundational fi gure of Judaism was Moses. Th is conception of Jewish history—though surfacing for the fi rst time in surviving Graeco-Roman literature only in their respective works2 —was considerably older. Its fi rst appearance in a classical text had been c . 300 BCE, the approximate date of Hecataeus of Abdera’s pioneering study of the Jews, the fi rst to be written by a Greek in Greek. -
Law and Justice in Caesar's Gallic Wars Russ Versteeg
Hofstra Law Review Volume 33 | Issue 2 Article 6 2004 Law and Justice in Caesar's Gallic Wars Russ VerSteeg Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarlycommons.law.hofstra.edu/hlr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation VerSteeg, Russ (2004) "Law and Justice in Caesar's Gallic Wars," Hofstra Law Review: Vol. 33: Iss. 2, Article 6. Available at: http://scholarlycommons.law.hofstra.edu/hlr/vol33/iss2/6 This document is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarly Commons at Hofstra Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Hofstra Law Review by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons at Hofstra Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. VerSteeg: Law and Justice in Caesar's Gallic Wars LAW AND JUSTICE IN CAESAR'S GALLIC WARS Russ VerSteeg* INTRODUCTION Historians have written so much about Julius Caesar that it may strike one as presumptuous to propose to add anything of value that is novel today. The present study has a rather limited scope. My method has been to focus on Caesar's own writing. In particular, using Caesar's monograph on the Gallic Wars, De Bello Gallico, as a basis, this article attempts to gain some insight into his thinking about law.' We know that Caesar had a great deal of practical experience in law. He studied law, pled a number of cases in the Roman law courts, and held several positions that required him to apply legal principles.2 In addition, legal questions significantly affected Caesar's political life and his most important political decisions. -
Julius Caesar. the Colossus of Rome
JULIUS CAESAR: THE COLOSSUS OF ROME Julius Caesar offers a lively, engaging, and thoroughly up-to-date account of Caesar’s life and times. Richard Billows’ dynamic and fast-paced narrative offers an imaginative recounting of actions and events, providing the ideal introduction to Julius Caesar for general readers and students of classics and ancient history. The book is not just a biography of Caesar, but a historical account and explanation of the decline and fall of the Roman Republican governing system, in which Caesar played a crucial part. To understand Caesar’s life and role, it is necessary to grasp the political, social, and economic problems Rome was grap- pling with, and the deep divisions within Roman society that came from them. Caesar has been seen variously as a mere opportunist, a power-hungry autocrat, an arrogant aristocrat disdaining rivals, a traditional Roman noble politician who stumbled into civil war and autocracy thanks to being misunderstood by his rivals, and even as the ideal man and pattern of all virtues. Billows argues that such portrayals fail to consider adequately the universal testimony of our ancient sources that Roman political life was divided in Caesar’s time into two great political tendencies, called ‘optimates’ and ‘populares’ in the sources, of which Caesar came to be the leader of one: the ‘popularis’ faction. Billows suggests that it is only when we see Caesar as the leader of a great political and social movement, that had been struggling with its rival move- ment for decades and had been several times violently repressed in the course of that struggle, that we can understand how and why Caesar came to fight and win a civil war, and bring the traditional governing system of Rome to an end. -
How the Conflict Between Bernard of Clairvaux’S Cistercian Order and Peter Abelard’S Scholasticism Contributed to the Equating of Jews with Heretics
ABSTRACT ANDERSON, ROSS MATTHEW. The Effect of Factionalism on Jewish Persecution: How the Conflict between Bernard of Clairvaux’s Cistercian Order and Peter Abelard’s Scholasticism Contributed to the Equating of Jews with Heretics. (Under the direction of Dr. Julie Mell.) The burgeoning antagonism of Western Christians against European Jewry must be understood within the context of the battle between two twelfth-century Christian ideologies. The popular movements of Cistercian apostolicism and Scholasticism’s fixation on rationalism offered feuding epitomes of the ideal ecclesiastic model. The climactic meeting between the spokesmen of both movements (Bernard of Clairvaux and Peter Abelard) reinforced a growing hostility toward those who did not meet the ideal of either movement, especially Jews. Both men contributed to anti-Jewish rhetoric as well as to the growing development of likening heterodoxy with heresy in the twelfth-century Church. As a result, the Jew was increasingly placed within that definition of heresy. Church historians have increasingly studied the works of both Bernard and Abelard to determine the influence each churchman had on anti-Jewish persecution. David Berger’s Persecution, Polemic, and Dialogue: Essays in Jewish-Christian Relations and Abulafia’s Christians and Jews in Dispute are two such works that have respectively argued for the individual culpability of both men in the worsening medieval image of the Jew, but never has a study examined the role that the conflict between the two had on twelfth-century Jews. Lately, individual scholars have independently questioned the role of Jews in the medieval economy, the origins of the Cistercian movement, and the traditional explanation of Bernard’s and Abelard’s conflict at Sens.