FEBRUARY 16, 1973 25 CENTS VOLUME 37/NUMBER 6

A SOCIALIST NEWSWEEKLY/PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE aigon regime steps up terror campaign

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Jan.31. Young Vietnamese refugees near Long Thanh, southeast of Saigon. Thieu regime is trying to prevent refugees from returning to areas controlled by NLF. Evelyn Reed on Catholic Church and women's right to abortiQ!l

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N.Y. victory rally hails Supreme Court decision legalizing abortion. See page 3. ·In Brief A NEW THREAT TO MARTIN SOSTRE: Not content D. A. IN TOMBS CASE FEELING THE PRESSURE: with framing him up on a narcotics charge and sending Admitting that "we're in a position where we're seemingly him to prison for 42 years, New York authorities are being vindictive," Manhattan District. Attorney Frank now trying to transfer Martin Sostre to the new Prescrip­ Hogan announced that he will go through with the prose­ THIS tion Center at the Dannemora State Mental Hospital. The cution of Herbert X Blyden and Stanley King for their Martin Sostre Defense Committee writes that "this is the part in the 1970 rebellion at the Manhattan House of WEEK'S maxi-maxi prison especially opened for inmates consid­ Detention (the Tombs). Hogan's statement followed the ered 'incorrigible.' Mind-destroying drugs, electro-shock dismissal of 72 out of the 77 charges against Blyden by treatments, lobotomies and other horrors are used here Judge Xavier Riccobono, and the announcement that MILITANT against militant prisoners who are considered trouble­ charges against King were being similarly reduced. 4 Watergate trail leads makers by the State." Blyden, who is scheduled to go on trial Feb. 13, now to White House Recently the chief prosecution witness against Sostre, faces a maximum of seven years imprisonment. He 5 U.S. fails in attempt to Arto Williams, admitted that he made a deal with the previously faced a life term. So far, four prisoners and deport Iranian Buffalo, N.Y., DA's office to frame Sostre in return for one guard who were tried on similar charges stemming dropping several felony charges against him. The Sostre from the Tombs rebellion have all been acquitted. In an­ 9 Paris accords & class Defense Committee is trying to have the case reopened nouncing the reduction of charges against King, Hogan struggle in Vietnam on the basis of this new evidence. In the meantime, it said, "we are not unmoved by the juries' assessment of 10 Gus Hall says CP wrong asks that letters protesting the transfer of Sostre to Danne­ the charges." for 30 years mora be sent to Commissioner of Corrections Russell 11 Funds needed to launch Oswald, Governor Smith Office Building, Box 7033, Al­ bany, N.Y. 12225. 'A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF DISENCHANTMENT': YSA teams That was what the 14,398 votes that went to the SWP 12 Speedup, unemployment presidential ticket in Louisiana last November meant, keys to '73 'prosperity' according to Phil Seghers. Seghers, a writer for the Loui­ 13 Inside the Tombs March 8 actions will hit siana State University newspaper, tl;te Daily Reveille, also 14 St. Louis teachers strike believes that the large SWP vote indicated "a turning away from the McGovern political camp.'' Seghers inter­ solid Argentine repression The U.S. Committee for Justice to Latin American Politi­ viewed LSU students who voted SWP. Most "said they 16 LA Socialists on ballot cal Prisoners (USLA) has announced plans for spring felt a vote for McGovern would not be a strong enough 17 Atlanta SWP launches activities ctcross the country. Highlighting the actions will protest vote against President Nixon," according to Se­ campaign be teach-ins and, on March 8, picket lines at Argentine ghers's Jan. 16 article. 18 Left Opposition: China consulates and tourist offices. 19 The Other Israel USLA's work on behalf of political prisoners is well 21 Indians, reporter ar­ known. Last fall it sponsored the tour of Daniel Zadunai­ sky, an activist in the Argentine movement to defend rested by FBI political prisoners. Zadunaisky spoke at 65 meetings in 24 Black victims of Detroit 15 cities, reaching thousands of people. police speak out His tour received 30 hours of radio time, some TV coverage, and coverage in major daily papers in Atlanta, 6 In Our Opinion Boston, Denver, New York, Portland, and St. Paul. Move­ Letters ment papers across the country also carried a number of 7 National Picket Line articles about his tour. Although Zadunaisky has left the U.S. to speak in La Raza en Accion Canada, the effect of his tour here is still being felt. The 8 Great Society Jan. 29 issue of The Great Speckled Bird, a movement Women in Revolt newspaper in Atlanta, published a two-page interview By Any Means Necessary with him on the political situation in Argentina. 20 In Review Also as a result of Zadunaisky's tour, petitions protesting 21 American Way of Life the violations of human rights in Argentina bearing hun­ dreds of names were sent to Argentine President Alejandro Lanusse. Signers included many academic figures, writer WORLD OUTLOOK Nat Hentoff, filmmaker Emile de Antonio, and 15 inmates 1 Australian workers boy­ of Attica prison. Militant/laura Miller Shown above is one reason why some people realized that cott embarrasses Nixon The March 8 picket lines will again protest the plight of a vote for McGovern wasn't a strong enough protest vote. 2 Irish Republicans discuss Argentine political prisoners, this time on the eve of the March 11 elections in that country. They will also demand More than 50,000 McGovern 'Truth Kits' were sold during the building revolutionary repeal of the repressive laws and the state of siege under SWP 1972 campaign. party which the Lanusse dictatorship rules Argentina and free­ 3 New threat to political dom for all political prisoners. March 8 marks the second PUERTO RICAN REPRESENTATIVES ASK PARDON prisoners in Argentina anniversary of the murder of three Argentine students by FOR POLITICAL PRISONERS: By a unanimous vote, 4 Armenian youth de­ political police. the Puerto Rican House of Representatives asked Pres­ nounce national op­ Those who would like to work on the spring activities ident Nixon Feb. 2 to pardon five political prisoners planned by USLA, or who would like further informa­ jailed 20 years ago "for acts whose only motivation pression in Turkey tion, should contact USLA at 150 Fifth Ave., Room 737, was to achieve independence for Puerto Rico." New York, N.Y. 10011. Telephone: (212) 691-2880. The resolution was presented by Carlos Gallisa, the vice-president of the Puerto Rican Independence Party and one of two PIP members recently elected as repre­ KOFSKY WINS A ROUND: Assistant professor of his­ sentatives. The resolution asked for immediate and un­ tory Frank Kofsky, who was denied tenure at California conditional liberty for Oscar Collazo, who took part in State University at Sacramento, has announced that the an unsuccessful attack on Harry Truman in 1950, and faculty committee on tenure reversed its decision. The for Lolita Lebron, Rafael Cancel Miranda, Irving Flores, committee decided to allow Kofsky to continue teaching and Andres Figueroa Cordero, who participated in a until May 1974. Kofsky, author of Black Nationalism 1954 attack on the U. S. House of Representatives. All and the Revolution in Music (published by Pathfinder five were members of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party. Press), had been charged with being "unduly pr~-Black," THE MILITANT among other things. Kofsky replied to the charges by saying, "I notice that VOLUME 37/NUMBER 6 this university has never seen fit to deny tenure to a pro­ IT ALL DEPENDS ON WHAT YOU'RE WILLING TO FEBRUARY 16, 1973 SELL: An increasing number of radical professors are CLOSING NEWS DATE-FEB. 7, 1973 fessor for being unduly pro-white." He said that the fac­ ulty committee's earlier denial of his request for tenure finding that the much-touted "marketplace of ideas" car­ Editor: MARY-ALICE WATERS had backfired and focused attention on the lack of rapport ries a very limited inventory. The latest victim in the Business Manager: SHARON CABANISS continuing purge of those who don't toe the line is Mark Southwest Bureau: HARRY RING between white professors and Black students. Green, a professor of chemistry at the University of Mich­ Published weekly by The Militant Publishing Ass' n., igan at Ann Arbor. 14 Charles lone, New York, N.Y. 10014. Phone: Ed­ 'THE MILITANT' IN GERMANY: Inprekorr, the Ger­ Green was suspended Oct. 9 after showing his class itorial Office (212) 243-6392; Business Office (212) man-language information bulletin of the Fourth Inter­ a film on the effects of napalm and other chemical weap­ 929-3486. Southwest Bureau: II 07 I /2 N. Western Ave., los Angeles, Calif. 90029. Phone: (213) 463- national, published in Stuttgart by the German Trotsky­ ons the U. S. uses in SouthPast Asia. He was reinstated 1917. ist movement, reprints articles by Doug Jenness and Larry a week later after 500 students demonstrated in his sup­ Correspondence concerning subscriptions or changes Seigle in its Jan. 15 issue. Jenness's article, "Should so­ port. But on Jan. 11 Green was told that the quality of address should be addressed to The Militant Busi­ cialists demand Nixon 'sign the treaty'?" appeared in of his research and teaching had gone down, and that ness Office, 14 Charles lone, New York, N.Y. 10014. the Nov. 24 Militant. Seigle's article, a reply to Tom after the winter term of 1974 he will be out of a job. Second-doss postage paid at New York, N.Y. Sub­ scription: Domestic, $5 o year; foreign, $8. By first­ Hayden on the "peace" accords, appeared in our Jan. 26 Green says he'll appeal the decision to deny him tenure._ doss mail: domestic and Canada, $25; all other coun­ issue. -DAVE FRANKEL tries, $41. Air printed molter: domestic and Canada, $32; latin America and Europe, $40; Africa, Australia, Asia (including USSR), $50. Write for sealed air pos­ tage roles. Signed articles by contributors do not necessarily represent The Militant's views. These are expressed in editorials.

2. French feminists to SP-eak at March 10 meeting Rally hails Supreme Ct. abortion decision By HELEN SCHIFF Congratulatory messages were sent NEW YORK, Feb. 2- More than to WONAAC from the Canadian 200 women and men filled an audi­ Women's Coalition to Repeal theAbor­ torium at New York University here tion Laws and from the first confer­ tonight to celebrate the historic vic­ ence of Women's National Abortion tory for women marked by the Su­ and Contraception Campaign in preme Court decision on abortion. Britain. The mood of the meeting, called From France came the following by the New York Women's Na­ telegram: "I am happy at yourvictory. tional Abortion Action Coalition I wish I could be with you for your (WONAAC), was captured by the celebration: Let us continue the fight. banner in the front of the auditorium: In sisterhood, Simone de Beauvoir." "1920 The Right to Vote-1973 The After reading these telegrams, Ginny Right to Abortion- The Struggle Con­ Hildebrand of New York WONAAC tinues." announced plans for a meeting on the The spirit of the crowd was tempered International Struggle for Abortion by the recognition that the women's Rights. WONAAC has called the meet­ and abortion rights movements must ing for March 10 in New York City, remain mobilized and vigilant, ready to take the place of the previously to fight any counterattack from the scheduled International Abortion Tri­ anti-abortion forces. bunal. The meeting will also com­ class-action suits against the anti­ tle, but we certainly haven't won the Enthusiastic applause greeted two memorate International Women's Day. abortion laws, Women v. Connecticut. struggle yet. ... the fight remains to featured speakers, Jean Touche from At the invitation of WONAAC, be won to make abortions really Belgium and Nicole Marie from the Giseie Halimi, Michelle Chevalier, and "Many of you know," Roberts's available to everyone without cost, French Mouvement de Liberation des Claude Servan-Schreiber have agreed speech read, "that WONAAC was without any stigma, without any so­ Femmes (MLF- Women's Liberation. to participate in the March 10 meet­ formed out of the campaign around cial prohibition attached to it. ..." Movement). Touche asked the meeting ing. Halimi is the well-known radical Women v. Connecticut to give a na­ The first step to removing these re­ to send a telegram of support to Dr. lawyer who defended Marie-Claire tional focus to the many statewide strictions, Leichter said, was to pass Willy Peers, the Belgian recently im­ Chevalier and her mother in the re­ fights that were being waged. We the abortion law repeal bill in New prisoned for performing abortions. cent abortion trial that rocked France. formed in the summer of 1971, very York, submitted by himself and 29 Servan-Schreiber is a noted journal­ conscious that the Supreme Court other state legislators. ist for the Paris daily Le Monde. would be hearing the Texas and Geor­ Other speakers at the rally included Along with H alimi, she is a leader of gia [abortion] cases in the fall. Harriet Pilpel, attorney for Planned the French abortion rights group "One of the first things WONAAC Pa~enthood; Brenda Feigen-Fasteau Choisir (Choice). did was to file an amicus brief in of the American Civil Liberties Union; Hildebrand told the audience, "The these cases. In the fall, just before Democratic State Assemblywoman momentum of a first victory is a the Supreme Court heard the initial Carol Bellamy; Mike Blumenfeld, New powerful weapon which we now hold. arguments, we held demonstrations in York City health services deputy ad­ We have a responsibility to wield it Washington, D. C., and San Francis­ ministrator; and Anita Murray, a WO­ in support of our sisters around the co, demanding the repeal of all abor­ NAAC activist who has recently been world and to further our own tion laws, publicizing our slogan named to head the Committee on Re­ struggle." 'Abortion is a woman's right to production and its Control of the Man­ Susan LaMont, a national coordi­ choose.' We have held speak-outs, de­ hattan National Organization for nator of WONAAC, read the speech bates, marches, hearings, and confer­ Women. prepared by Dr. Barbara Roberts, ences to keep the issue of abortion For more information on the March Militant/Cindy Jaquith who was unable to attend because of in the public consciousness.... " 10 international meeting in New York, Jean Touche tells about case of Dr. Willy flight delays. The speech by Roberts, Franz Leichter, a New York state contact WONAAC at 150 Fifth Ave., Peers, Belgian abortionist imprisoned by who is also a national coordinator of assemblyman who has worked with Room 437, New York, N.Y. 10011. authorities. WONAAC, described one of the first WONAAC, said: "We have won a bat- Telephone: (212) 675-9150. Government caught ly_ing Judge refuses to dismiss Ellsberg charges By HARRY RING them about Vietnam. go to the Justice Department. with 18 of the 20 volumes. He did LOS ANGELES-The scarcity of jus­ The indictment counts relating to the The volumes were reviewed, Miller so on the basis that these reports con­ tice in the U.S. system of "justice" Espionage Act were based on the al­ testified, and it was concluded thatthey stitute "exculpatory" evidence. Much of was again pointed up when Judge legation that Ellsberg and Russo had contained no information harmful to it flatly contradicts assertions U. S. Matt Byrne denied a motion to dis­ disclosed "classified" material that "national security" or worthy of clas­ generals made under oath to persuade miss the indictment against Daniel aided "the enemy." But, the defense sification. the jury that publication of the papers Ellsberg and Anthony Russo, defen­ has now established, government Several days after they submitted had aided Hanoi and the National dants in the Pentagon papers case. studies ordered prior to the indictment their report, Miller told the court, top Liberation Front in planning military The motion for dismissal came Feb. confirm that this simply was not true. Pentagon officials instructed him to strategy. 2 after the defense established that the If these facts had been disclosed to get the report "out of the files as if Defense attorney Leonard Boudin, prosecution, in clear defiance of a the grand jury that weighed the case [it] never existed." Later, Miller tes­ in presenting the motion to dismiss court order, had deliberately suppres­ against Ellsberg and Russo, it is not tified, he saw a written memo to this the indictment, charged that the "con­ sed evidence pointing to the innocence excluded that they would never have effect. duct of the officials of Defense and of the defendants. In 1963, the Su­ been indicted. And if the information Miller's findings as to the nonsen­ Justice in the Pentagon papers case preme Court ruled that "suppression had been available at the beginning sitive character of the Pentagon pa­ is the antithesis of the 'untainted ad­ of evidence favorable to an accused of the present trial-before ranking pers has been confirmed by other gov­ ministration of justice."' Byrne denied on request violates due process.... " generals testified that the papers had ernment-ordered reports just now in without explanation the motion for When the trial of Ellsberg and Russo in fact "aided the enemy" -the attitude the court's possession. dismissal, along with a motion for first began last April, the defense of the jurors might well be different. Judge Byrne has turned over to the mistrial that followed. moved that the prosecution make The defense succeeded in forcing defense government reports dealing The present revelations thoroughly available to the court any evidence Pentagon officials to admit the exis­ expose the frame-up character of the in its possession of an "exculpatory" tence of reports dealing with. the "sen­ government effort to convict Ells­ nature. The judge accepted the mo­ sitivity" of the Pentagon papers. The berg and Russo. It makes clear that tion, but federal prosecutor David Nis­ defense then produced a surprise wit­ government secrecy, palmed off as sen assured him there was no such ness who gave the real story on this. "national security," is intended not to evidence. The witness was Lieutenant Colonel keep information from a foreign "en­ Ellsberg and Russo are being tried Edward Miller. He is a retired Air emy" but from the American people. for theft of government property and Force officer who served as a security Nor are such practices restricted to violation of the Espionage Act. The review official in the Pentagon. concealing the truth about activities charge of "theft" is patently trumped Miller testified that in December 1971 abroad. up since the government still has the he and several others were directed In April 1971, for example, Penta­ material it claims was stolen. Ells­ to review nine volumes of the already gon papers prosecutor David Nissen berg and Russo simply xeroxed mate­ published Pentagon papers to see if and his superiors were threatened with rial legally in their possession. They they contained any information jus­ jailing by another federal judge for mad·e the material-the 20-volume tifying their security classification. their failure to turn over secret fed­ Pentagon papers- available to the They were told that the nine volumes eral grand jury proceedings relating media to inform the American people were to be used in the case "against to the indictment of several Los An­ how the government was deceiving Ellsberg" and that their report would geles cops for civil rights violations.

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 16, 1973 3 Watergate U.S. prepares Laos, Cambodia trail leads 'peace' with bombs, Agnew trip By PETER SEIDMAN -to White FEB. 7 -As the cease-fire declared in Vietnam begins to take effect, Wash­ House ington is paying more and more at­ By CINDY JAQUITH tention to implementing settlements FEB. 7-As the Watergate trial closed that will prop up the weak procapital­ last week, Judge John Sirica told the ist regimes of Prince Souvanna Phou­ two defendants that the jury is "go­ ma in Laos and Lon Nol in Cam­ ing to want to know if there are other bodia. people, that is, higher-ups in the Re­ The U.S. has stepped up its bomb­ publican Party, who are involved in ing of Laos in the face of a power­ this case." ful Pathet Lao offensive that not only Today some of the "higher-ups" in threatens to divide the southern pan­ the White House were tied directly to handle of Laos in two, but also jeop­ ardizes the important U.S. air base the Watergate incident in an article in Nakhon Phanom, Thailand. in the New York Times by Seymour The Feb. 7 New York Times said, Hersh. "A well-informed Government "Over-all, the situation for the Gov­ official," said Hersh, has admitted that ernment forces throughout Laos was former White House staff assistant described by a military informant to­ Gordon C. Strachan acted as the ini­ day as 'bad,' with the troops spread tial contact between G. Gordon Liddy, dangerously thin and facing strong one of the Watergate defendants, and oppositon in many sectors." Donald Segretti, who has been impli­ While the current offensive reveals cated in schemes to disrupt the Mc­ the power of the liberation forces and U.S. B-52s have stepped up bombing of laos. Govern campaign. the weakness of the Souvanna Phouma President Nixon had told a news regime, most observers regard the in­ conference Aug. 29 that an investiga­ tense fighting in Laos as a final ef­ copters armed iWith machine guns'cir­ trip to Phnom Penh in January that tion of his staff showed "no one in fort to gain territory before an ex­ cled overhead. the U.S. "would resume bombing in the White House staff, no one in this pected cease-fire. After his visit, Agnew expressed the Cambodia if the North Vietnamese Administration, presently employed, · Talks resumed between the Vientiane hope that a cease-fire would soon be troops resumed offensive operations was involved in this very bizarre in­ government and the Pathet Lao last reached and said: "We shall main­ against Government troops." cident." Strachan was still working for October. On Jan. 31, the Pathet Lao tain our respect and support for Lao At the same time, American officials the White House at that time. • agreed to separate the issue of ne­ independence, sovereignty, territorial assured the Cambodians they had Today's new information conforms gotiating a military cease-fire from integrity and neutrality as set forth reached an unwritten "understanding" to the pattern of corruption exposed the question of negotiating a solution in the Geneva agreements of 1962." with Hanoi that the North Vietnamese in the case .so far. On Jan. 30, the to the political conflict. They also What Washington meant by this was troops would be withdrawn from Watergate jury found Liddy, the le­ agreed to hold secret talks parallel clarified Feb. 5, when the State De­ Cambodia-. gal counsel for the Committee to Re­ to the public negotiating sessions. partment announced, according to the Hence the U.S. imperialists are elect the President, and James W. Mc­ Feb. 6 New York Times, "that it was making clear their determination to Cord Jr., a former CIA agent who According to the Feb. 7 New York Souvanna Phouma "expressed clearly understood by North Vietnam resume bombing in Cambodia if they was security coordinator for the Nix­ Times, confidence ... that a cease-fire would that the United States could continue believe there is any substantial mili­ on campaign, guilty on all counts. be concluded here within one week­ military aid to Laos and Cambodia tary or political threat to the Lon Nol The charges included conspiracy, bur­ at the latest by Feb. 15 __;.despite the under the agreement for a cease-fire dictatorship. glary, bugging, and wiretapping, re­ onset of a general Communist mili­ in Vietnam." There are signs to indicate that this sulting from a break-in at the national tary offensive and an evident harden­ The State Department said the U.S. Democratic Party headquarters last ing of the Communist negotiating po­ intended to continue military aid to summer. sition." the governments of Laos and Cam­ Five other defendants in the case .. While little has been reported of the bodia. Such aid is now running at pleaded guilty at the outset of the substance of the talks now going on a combined total of more than ·$500- trial. in Vientiane, the Feb. 4 New York million a year for the two countries. As the trial proceeded, it became Times claimed that "essentially, all While there are no talks going on clear that neither the defense nor the parties concerned now appear to be in Cambodia, Premier Lon Nol de­ prosecution was interested in bring­ considering a settlement along the clared a unilateral cease-fire there on ing all the facts to light. Judge Si­ agreement of 1962, which provided all offensive operations Jan. 29 to rica, a lifelong Republican, comment­ for unification of the country under permit "the Viet Cong and the North ed at the trial's end that he was "still a coalition Government." Vietnamese time to withdraw from our not satisfied that all of the pertinent On Feb. 2, Vice-president Agnew ar­ territory in peace." Prince Norodom facts .... have been produced before rived in Vientiane as part of his tour Sihanouk, deposed ruler of Cam­ an American jury." through Southeast Asia. The weak­ bodia, warned in Peking Jan. 27 that At one point Sirica said he had ness of his Laotian puppet regime the war would not end until the Lon "great doubts" that a prosecution wit­ was revealed by the elaborate securi­ Nol regime was "wiped out." He ness had told "the entire truth." The ty surrounding his visit. As Agnew changed his position four days later, prosecution refused to call to the wit­ descended from his plane, two heli- however, after traveling to Hanoi. Si­ ness stand several persons Sirica had hanouk then said he would order the suggested to them. forces under his command to halt of­ For its part, the defense offered what fensive operations. Time magazine called an "implausible Asserting that his new policy had U. S. threat is the primary power be­ variety of motives," centering on the the full support of Chinese Premier hind Lon Nol. Anti-government feel­ argument that the defendants were Chou En-Lai, Sihanouk said, "If the ing is being expressed not only by worried about a plot against the Re­ United States is prepared to act in the liberation fighters but, according publicans by radicals. a friendly manner with an indepen­ to the Feb. 2 New York Times, also Testimony did establish that Liddy dent and nonaligned Cambodia, we by "an important group, the Demo­ received $199,000 in cash from the are prepared for a rapid reconciliation cratic party [which] issued a statement with Washington." saying that only a new government Nixon campaign, with the full knowl­ In another stop on his high-securi­ ... could bring about reconciliation. edge of former Secretary of Commerce ty junket across Southeast Asia, Ag­ Roughly the same message came from Maurice Stans and former Attorney new met with Lon Nol Feb. 1. The representatives of the Associaton of General John Mitchell. vice-president warned that "peace'' Cambodian Youth, who announced But the trial ended without deter­ would not come to Indochina "as long opposition to any government· that mining where the trail of payments as a formal cease-fire had not been was monarchic, feudal, dictatorial, began. Even the pro-Nixon New York established here and as long as all military or founded on personal pow­ Daily News urged in a Feb. 1 edi­ foreign forces have not been with­ er." torial that the White House let out drawn from Cambodia." This was a On Feb. 5, according to a UPI dis­ ·the truth· about the case. "Certainly clear reference to North Vietnamese patch from Phnom Penh, "Several Mr. Nixon owes no gratitude or loy­ troops in Cambodia. thousand workers went on strike . . . alty to underlings who criminally This ultimatum was backed up by shutting down every major factory in abused his trust," the News said. a report from an "authoritative Cam­ the capital. The walkout was ordered On Feb. 5, senators Sam Ervin (D­ bodian source" that appeared in the by the syndicate of Khmer workers N. C.) and Mike Mansfield (D-Mont.) Feb. 6 New York Times. The "source" and farmers, a nationwide labor introduced a resolution setting up a indicated that Kissinger's aide, Gen­ .union, in protest against the govern­ special committee to investigate the eral Alexander Haig, assured the ment's refusal to enact into law ma­ Watergate affair. The resolution would Cambodian government during his jor concessions won Jan. 26." · grant the committee subpoena powers and a $500,000 budget.

4 South Vietnam after the cease-fire U.S. fails Thieu intensifies reign of terror in attempt By DICK ROBERTS "The South Vietnamese seem most are to be shot on the spot. Any Com­ to deport FEB. 6-Phoucthanh is a small vii- anxious to bar newsmen from wit­ munist soldiers or political workers lage in the Mekong Delta of South nessing Government violations of the seen in the towns are to be shot. Vietnam where fighting is still taking ·cease-fire and from making any con­ "Anyone caught carrying or distrib­ Iranian place. As the cease-fire moved into its tact with Vietcong or North Vietnam­ uting Viet Cong banknotes is to be second week, National Liberation ese soldiers." shot. Police are to use any force neces­ Front forces occupied the hamlet. Several reporters for major U.S. sary to disperse 'disguised political student Washington Post staff writer Peter newspapers including the Times and rallies.' 'Neutralist and pro-Commu­ SEATTLE, Feb. 6- Bahram Atai, an Osnos reported Feb. 5 the situation Wall Street Journal have been arrested nist elements' are to be arrested and Iranian student who is the national in Phoucthanh as described to him in this process. brought before military tribunals 'in secretary of the Committee to Defend by a Saigon militia platoon leader: the quickest possible time.' This order Babak Zahraie, has, won his fight "As of the morning of Jan. 28, when Thieu regime went into effect even before the cease­ to stop the U.S. from deporting him, the Vietnam cease-fire took effect, the But the question of the military fire, with waves of arrests in most of the committee announced today. hamlet was under the control of the cease-fire is only one aspect of the the towns in South Vietnam.... " John Boyd, Seattle district director Saigon government, meaning there complex new stage of civil war in British reporter Sayle . had strong of the Immigration and N aturaliza­ was a functioning local administra­ South Vietnam. Times correspondent doubts that Washington could affor_d tion Service (INS), restored Atai's stu­ tion and the people were counted, at Charles Mohr described the Saigon to withdraw U.S. military personnel dent status and approved his transfer least nominally, as supporters of Pres­ of schools. Atai is currently a full­ ident Thieu's regime. time graduate student at the Uni­ "Then on Feb. 1, what the platoon versity of Portland in Oregon. Boyd's leader described as Vietcong occupied decision came in response to a motion the hamlet, apparently without resist­ Seattle attorney Michael Withey sub­ ance or incidents and are still there. mitted in mid-January. Later, some North Vietnamese sol­ Atai received a deportation order diers also came in, he said. in the fall of 1972. He had been in­ "Early today, he said, the Commu­ strumental in organizing the defense nists ripped down the red and yellow of Babak Zahraie, an Iranian stu­ flags of the government that had been dent at the University of Washington. hoisted everywhere on the orders of Zahraie had been threatened with de­ the Saigon authorities and replaced portation because of his political them with the blue, red and yellow views and activities in opposition to flags of the Vietcong's Provisional the dictatorial regime of the Shah and Revolutionary Government." in defense of political _prisoners in "That was when government troops Iran. The Committee to Defend started to fight their way back into Babak Zahraie viewed the attempt to the hamlet," Osnos said. A "nasty little deport Atai as an effort to punish firefight" was under way as Osnos him for his active support of Zaq.raie. dispatched his story. Atai had faced technical charges of Phoucthanh is officially listed as a not being a bona fide student last year. "contested area" by U.S. military au­ In his motion, Withey summarized ex­ thorities, and there are hundreds of tensive evidence from university offi­ similar villages throughout South cials exposing these charges as false. Vietnam. Atai told The Militant he views his "The question is," Osnos asks, "who victory as "a major step forward in is to be held responsible for the cease­ our campaign to establish full demo­ fire violation? The Communists for cratic rights for foreign students." He entering the village? The government felt that the work of the defense com­ for attempting to drive them out? Or mittee was the major factor re­ both?" sponsible for his victory. This will be the main consideration "My victory is an important example of the cease-fire observation teams of how to stand up and fight back that are beginning to set up opera­ Members of the International Commission of Control and Supervision preparing to against INS intimidation, harass­ tions. As of Feb. 4, the International move into the countryside. ment, and victimization," he said. Commission of Control and Super­ The Committee to Defend Babak vision (Hungary, Poland, Canada, regime in a news analysis Jan. 30. from South Vietnam. "The peace Zahraie includes a broad range of Indonesia) had established regional "The bourgeoisie, after having lived agreement specifically forbids foreign organizations and individuals who · have united in an effort to stop the headquarters. through years of 'revolutionary' or military advisers serving in South deportations of several Iranian stu­ But the Joint Military Commission political warfare, gives virtually no· Vietnam," Sayle noted. "So does the dents. Among the sponsors of the com­ to which the ICCS reports (U.S., sign that it has recognized the need Laos peace agreement of 1962, but mittee are several members of Con­ South Vietnam, Provisional Revolu­ to make, or will make, any signficant this has not stopped Americans and gress, former senators Wayne Morse tionary Government, and North Viet­ social reforms." North Vietnamese waging clandestine and Eugene McCarthy, leaders of the nam) has not yet begun operating in Mohr continued, "Their attitudes to­ war in Laos for a decade and prep­ antiwar and women's liberation move­ the field. ward education, authority and privi­ arations are well. under way for a This is apparently because of the ments, and many foreign student lege seem unchanged. The old Amer­ covert American advisory military groups in the U.S. Recently, Dr. Ben­ delaying tactics of the Saigon regime. ican advice to 'win hearts and minds' presence here. But neither Saigon nor Washington jamin Spock, Allard Lowenstein, and is hardly even given lip service any­ "The existing American Consulate in Luis Fuentes, among many others, will discuss the affairs o~ the Joint more. South Vietnam remains what Da Nang is to be enlarged and new Commission, and Saigon has held the have joined as sponsors. it was in the late nineteen-fifttes, an ones are planned for the cities of Nha Spurred on by the victory in the Communist delegations to it incom­ Trang, Bien Hoa and Can Tho­ inequitable society that functions Atai case, the committee will now step municado. poorly." which happen to be the headquarters The New York Times reported from up its activities in the case of Babak of the Vietnamese Army's Two, Three Zahraie and Siamak Zahraie. · Both South Vietnam Feb. 6 that "the South Pol ice repression and Four Corps. Here, on the pattern Zahraie brothers now face deporta­ Vietnamese Government had, in pro­ The corrupt regime of landlords, of Laos, it is likely that numerous tion from the U. S. A hearing has cedural matters, outmaneuvered and bankers, and militarists in Saigon re­ 'military attaches' will be stationed­ been scheduled for Feb. 8 to consider virtually stalemated the Communist mains in power because of U.S. fi­ there are 97 assistant military atta­ Babak Zahraie's application for delegates representing North Vietnam nancial and military backing. and its ches with the US Embassy in Vien- permanent residency status. and the Vietcong. own sizable army and police force. . tiane and there have been reports here Siamak Zahraie recently won a "The Communist members of the A correspondent for the British Sun­ of a planned staff of 1,000 for the postponement to Feb. 15 of his Four-Party Joint Military Commis­ ·day Times, Murray Sayle, described military attache's department of the scheduled deportation date. He has sion were being shuttled to tightly South Vietnam the day after the cease­ US Embassy and consulates in South also filed for permanent residency, guarded South Vietnamese military fire was ordered. Vietnam. Altogether a peacetime and a hearing date on this application installations where they were invisible "Police and troops are ordered to American presence of 10,000 seems is expected to be set soon. to the population and unable to make shoot at everyone stirring up trouble likely, all in one way or another con­ The committee urgently needs funds contact with civilians, and pose no among the population or inciting to nected with military matters.... " to continue its efforts. Donations can political or propaganda threat." rebellion and support of the Commu­ It has the elements of a broken rec­ be sent to the Committee to Defend Earlier, on Jan. 31, Times Saigon nists. Those caught distributing Viet ord starting over again. That is be­ Babak Zahraie, P. 0. Box 15422, correspondent Joseph B. Treaster re­ Cong literature or flags are to be cause today, as in 1961 when John Wedgewood Station, Seattle, Wash. ported that "the South Vietnamese arrested. F. Kennedy ordered thousands of 98115. Telephone: (206) 543-8958. armed forces and police have sharply "Anyone trying to cross the lines U.S. "advisers" to prop' up the Diem restricted the movement of foreign to enter a Viet Cong area is to be regime, South Vietnam is ruled by a newsmen since the cease-fire went into arrested. Government employees, sol­ hated dictatorial clique that represents effect . . . and have threatened some diers or policemen who abandon their the interests of world imperialism, and of them at gunpoint. . . . posts or try to defect to the other side not the needs of the Vietnamese people.

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 16, 1973 5 Letters In Our Opinion _Peace vigil disrupted 106 members of the orchestra had On Sat., Jan. 20, an Inauguration signed a petition condemning Nixon's Day Peace vigil was held at the "genocidal bombing in Vietnam." Blessed Sacrament Cathedral in De­ Also, 36 openly expressed reserva­ troit as part of the nationwide pro­ tions about playing the concert but Rocky's drug bill test against the war. were told they were under con­ tractual obligation to do so. Despite Intense debate continues over New York Governor Rocke­ The service was led by Father Thomas Hinsberg, a Roman Cath­ this, six musicians asked to be re­ feller's proposal for a mandatory life sentence with no pos­ leased from this obligation, and ac­ sibility of parole for persons who sell certain illegal "hard olic priest who is a well-known figure in the Detroit antiwar move­ cording to the announcer, three drugs" or commit a violent crime after taking such drugs. ment and has used his position to didn't show up, thus risking their A less publicized but very dangerous aspect of the bill mobilize local Catholics against the jobs. would also demand life terms for "conspiracy to sell or pos­ war for many years. As a result In opposition to this, the peace sess any quantity of a dangerous drug." This section would of his activity, he has been the concert conducted by Leonard Bern­ greatly facilitate police frame-ups of political activists. object of slander and abuse by right­ stein at the Washington Cathedral Rockefeller has also called for 100 new judges to help the wing fanatics. drew 18,000 people, listening both state prosecute the large number of addicts who could be One organization that has a his­ inside and outside. I'm quite certain rounded up under his proposed law. tory of harassment of local antiwar that the majority of the Philadelphia groups is Breakthrough, led by Orchestra wished they could have This bill represents a real threat to the Black and Puerto been there. Rican communities and to young people in general, the main Donald Lobsinger. The group usual­ ly appears at activities of the antiwar Bob Frantz victims of the social scourge of heroin addiction. and civil rights movements and at­ Seattle, Wash. The entire concept- behind this bill and all laws like it is tempts to intimidate participants. wrong. They are aimed at the wrong target. To solve the Lobsinger was arrested on disor­ problem of addiction it is necessary to attack the social con­ derly conduct charges in February ditions that drive people to seek an escape from reality. Any 1971 for attempting to physically laws aimed at cracking down on users and pushers are aimed break up a religious service for Vietnam souvemr at a result of the problem, not its causes. peace. He was put on probation for It is interesting- and very depres­ Recent events have made it clearer than ever that we can't two years. During that time he lim­ sing-that on Jan. 27, 1973, the look to the capitalist government for solutions. It was re­ ited his activities to picketing and leaf­ day the treaty to end the Vietnam war was signed, the AP Wirephoto vealed this month that at least one-fifth of all the heroin and letting antiwar rallies. Breakthrough came to the vigil network sent out a photograph with cocaine seized by New York police in their highly publicized Jan. 20 armed with their usual picket the following caption: drug raids, about $73-million worth, has been "stolen" from signs and anticommunist leaflets. (SAI-21) DUC DUC, Jan. 27/73- the police department-that is, expropriated by the police But this time they also came equipped (AP) SOUVENIR PICTURE. On the and put back into circulation at great profit to themselves. for combat. last day of the Vietnam War, group Whatever vote-catching, "get-tough" laws the government When Father Hinsberg got up to of US Army pilots take souvenir passes, enforcement of those laws will continue to be in the read a telegram from the participants picture of a group of Viet Cong hands of the police, who are the protectors and perpetrators in the vigil to President Nixon, he killed in fighting south of Danang of the illegal traffic. We can be sure that if Rockefeller's leg­ was rushed by members of Break­ and put on display in the Due Due islation is passed, the police- among the biggest pushers through led by Lobsinger and beaten marketplace. in the city-will not find themselves behind bars. with picket signs. Peter Daniels Toronto, Ontario, Canada Those wh-o will find themselves in prison for life under Hinsberg has filed charges of as­ sault and battery. Rockefeller's bill are the victims of drug addiction, the ad­ A reader dicts, who turn to pushing to support their habit. They need Detroit, Mich. medical treatment, and the prospect of a better world to live in, not a life prison term. Meanwhile the big-time pushers Philly teachers and their protectors in high society, the police department, With regards to the article by Don­ and the government will continue to reap their fabulous profits. Thieu' s prisoners ald Kennedy in the Feb. 2 Mili­ Escalating the penalties for drug addiction is no solution Your article "Reply to Tom Hayden" tant on the Piladelphia teachers' strike, I think that you gave a to either the problem of addiction or the problem of drug­ in the Jan. 2 6 issue is correct. The prejudicial treatment of the facts. related crime, such as muggings and burglaries. Vietnamese have been forced to make concessions. Otherwise, continued kill­ One of the central demands of the Whatever the penalties, drug addiction will continue to exist ing and destruction. Now there is teachers has been more pay. This as long as poverty, unemployment, racism, and the aliena­ much emphasis on release of POWs is a noteworthy omission on your tion bred by these and other characteristics of capitalism but little on Thieu's prisoners. part that deprives readers of the op­ drive people to seek an escape in drugs. P.E.R portunity to make up their own Crime would also continue to exist, even if there were no Lancaster, Calif mind about the issues. drug addiction. The poverty and desperation that breed crime The statistics you give on the num­ are spawned by this capitalist society of riches for the few ber of strikers, demonstrators, and and degradation for the many. Petty crime-poor people attendance at the labor meeting and preying on each other- is rooted in social conditions and Homosexual rights rally were helpful, but you failed to put these in perspective by omit­ is only exacerbated by the drug problem. A commonly held misconception ting any information on the total inadvertently slipped into Dave The real criminals are not the addicts who turn to drugs number of teachers in Philadelphia Frankel's In Brief report in the Feb. because they can't find dignity or a s_ense of purpose in this or what percent of the teachers sup­ 9 Militant on the Ohio antihomo­ rotten society. The real criminals are the Rockefellers, the port the strike. sexual-law repeal. police chiefs, and all the Democratic and Republican party I look to The Militant for coverage It is misleading to -state that Ohio politicians who uphold and defend a system of exploitation that is not available in the regular has now "legalized homosexuality." and misery. newspapers, not for propaganda, no In fact, it has legalized homosexual The real criminals are the millionaires like Rockefeller who matter how sympathetic it might be acts. Fortunately, homosexuality to my own views. foster racism and unemployment, who steal from working per se is not against the law any­ people by collecting high rents for poor housing and charging Q. T. where in the United States. If it Philadelphia, Pa. exorbitant prices for inferior goods, who exploit working were; it would probably force even the homosexual rights movement people on the job, and who are responsible for genocidal In reply-Donald Kennedy's article wars. underground. in the previous week's Militant, en­ The solution to the drug problem is to change social con­ David Thorstad titled "Philly teachers firm as strike ditions. This means a struggle for jobs, better housing and New York, N Y. continues," reported that 90 percent schools. It also means providing federally funded medical of the 13,000 public school teachers facilities for treating addicts. In the Black and Puerto Rican in Philadelphia were observing the communities, these facilities must be under community control. strike. Kennedy also stated that the union is demanding a 6.2 percent The struggle to change social conditions must lead to scrap­ Musicians for peace ping the entire capitalist system to build a new society of pay increase. As the son of a former member of freedom and equality of opportunity, where people will be the Philadelphia Orchestra, I was able to develop their talents and human poteritial, where somewhat surprised and disappointed young people will feel inspired to live their lives to the fullest when I turned on my TV set Fri­ Radical historians rather than wanting to escape from reality. day night, Jan. 19, to see them Two hundred members· of the Radical playing for Nixon's inaugural con­ Historians Caucus of the American cert. It was discouraging to see the Historical Association met Jan. 27-28 talents of this world-renowned body in New' York City. Topics under of musicians being used to salute discussion ranged from the feminist the second term of the "Mad Bomber." movement to radical labor history. But my initial discouragement was Militant writer Frank Lovell was relieved a bit when it was announced the opening speaker at the workshop during the intermission that 57 of the on labor history. He addressed his

6 National Picket Line Frank Lovell comments to the recently published work Teamster Rebellion, by Farrell Dobbs, a book many of the his­ torians were already familiar with. Padded chairs & Cadillacs He stated that Dobbs, a long-time The recently elected leaders of the United Mine Work­ can't let ourselves become like them." leader of the Socialist Workers Party ers of America are strangers in the Washington head­ Former president W. A. Boyle had arranged to and a key organizer of the historic quarters of their own union. And they are strangers give himself a $50,000-a-year lifetime pension, but strikes that led to the unionization to the roving bands of union bureaucrats who make this was canceled- for Boyle and for future pres­ of Minneapolis, was writing history their headquarters in that city, including that odd idents. Patrick says he has no desire to retire on not as an outside observer but as collection huddled around George Meany at the AFL­ a pension higher than any rank-and-file miner. a participant. Lovell argued that CIO building. "That'll give us more incentive to get a better pen­ but for the existence of a small group The first thing that distinguishes UMW President sion for the miners." of skillful revolutionaries, organized Arnold Miller, Vice-president Mike Trbovich, and Such thoughts are generally considered subver­ in a party and armed with a plan of Secretary-treasurer Harry Patrick is that they haven't sive in Washington, especially in the trade-union action the Minneapolis strikes would been out of the coal mines long enough to be cor­ hierarchy. This may account for the fact that the have failed. rupted by the Washington environment. They are weekly AFL-CIO News is as silent as a tomb on Historians Staughton Lynd and still uncomfortable in the padded chairs at union these new developments in the Mine Workers union. Philip Foner followed Lovell and headquarters, where they are expected, in accordance Miller sought a meeting with Meany to discuss Ronald Radosh and commented on with tradition, to do business with senators and the AFL-CIO affiliation and other matters, but got no their presentations. owners of the coal industry. response. It is clear that Miller and Meany do not Seventy dollars of Pathfinder These men have another and more important dis­ speak the same language, and Meany is smart literature was sold, much of it on tinction. They are aware of the sources of corruption the feminist struggle. A number of enough to know that. There is no indication that and are trying to avoid them. The first thing they Miller thinks he can convert Meany to the workers' professors expressed interest in using did after taking office was to cut their own salaries the titles in their classrooms. Many way of life. as they promised when they campaigned for their Over at the UMW headquarters they decided to picked up the Pathfinder catalog and jobs. They also seem anxious to get out of Wash­ a flyer listing Pathfinder titles on auction off the three Cadillac limousines reserved ington and get the union headquarters located in feminism. (Both can be obtained free for official use. Raffle tickets will be sold to miners the minefields, where it belongs. so the winners will get a- chance to see what they by writing Pathfinder Press, 410 West Arnold Miller recently told a Los Angeles Times St., New York, N.Y. 10014) helped pay for in the past. Winning one of these reporter, "For myself, I don't have no lust for power Michael Smith gas-eaters will be no favor to those with the lucky and financial gain. When we move back to the coal­ New York, N. Y. numbers, but it may be of educational value·to them fields, I won't hesitate to cut my salary again. I'm and other members of their UMW locals. not about to forget where I come from." These initial decisions by the new UMW leaders Most union bureaucrats around Washington are not ironclad guarantees against the development couldn't believe it, and didn't want to hear about of a new bureaucratic clique in-the union, sponsored Abortion it, when Miller cut his own salary from $50,000 by the coal companies. But these new officials are I take issue with Linda Jenness's to $35,000 a year. All UMW officials took similar certainly heading in the right direction by returning sentence "Abortion is basically a cuts. But a miner told one of them, "You've cut back, to the minefields. medical procedure- no different but you're still pretty damned generous to yourself." The UMW convention will be held later this year, from an appendectomy- and should Harry Patri<:k, who sits in the treasurer's seat, and chances are that it will be as representative not be regulated by the legislatures" says, "Here in Washington, I work with bankers of the miners as these new officials are. They de­ in an article entitled "Supreme Court: and real-estate brokers. We're in the power struc­ serve support and praise for a good beginning on women have right to abortion!" in ture here. You can get to thinking like them. We a very hard road. the Feb. 2 Militant. ' Early termination of a pregnancy on a normal, healthy woman need NOT be a surgical procedure. Plas­ tic cannula and vacuum aspiration can be used to terminate pregnancy. i La Raza en Acci~n! The procedure is simple and can easily be performed by paramedics, nurses, abortion counselors. Miguel Pendas The male has made abortion a surgical procedure by sadistically en­ tering the uterus with curettes, di­ Shopping-the un-8afeway lators, sounders, metal-tipped vacuums. The Safeway chain with its 1,931 stores did $4.5- other ground meats in the big companies: floor sweep­ L.H billion in business last year. Its stores in Canada, ings, sawdust, broken glass, and rats. Well, at least Stamford, Conn. Australia, the United Kingdom, and West Germany they swept their floors. raked in another billion. They are the second largest Rumor has it that a similar process is going on Linda Jenness replies- I, of course, supermarket chain in the U. S. and the largest in today as a result of informal agreements between agree that early termination of preg­ Aztlan (the Southwest). But now we know how they Safeway and farm bosses. It is said that the growers nancy need not be a surgical pro­ got to Fat City. are (in the interest of ecology) steering old, worn­ cedure and that it can be performed The Interfaith Committee to Aid Farm Workers out scabs from the lettuce fields to the Safeway meat by paramedics, nurses, etc. has charged that Safeway markets falsely label as department for recycling. I was trying to stress the fact that "lean ground beef' meat that has as much fat as the Meanwhile, Safeway executives are girding for abortion is a medical procedure "ground beef' sold for 30 cents less a pound. The possible further attacks. Thomas Cooney, public re­ and should be taken out of the crim­ committee is suing Safeway. lations manager for Safeway in Los Angeles, said inal law code. I was not trying to If you find your Safeway hamburger a bit chewy, in response to the charges, "We have a fine reputa­ imply that it required surgery as an you will be interested to learn that much of the meat tion in meat, and we take great pride in it." He la­ appendectomy does. If the analo- used in preparing Safeway hamburger is frozen beled the lawsuit just "another farm workers' attempt gy confuses the point I'm trying Australian bull meat. Perpaps the extra fat was to harass us." to make, I will certainly try to fmd thoughtfully provided only to round out the chewiness Sounds like a lot of bull to me. a better one in the future. of the bull meat, but at any rate it's much cheaper. I also agree that abortions have Nor is this the only way Safeway trims expenses been mystified because of their ille­ gality and that now- with advanced while trimming your wallet. They are also the lar­ scientific techniques and the Supreme gest purchaser of scab lettuce and a major buyer l: AM P. ~f\8, Court decision- that can begin to of wine made from scab grapes. This is why the A TUIO• L.~G.6fl) ~NIMIIL. change. United Farm Workers Union is boycotting Safeway WI~ A CO&"-~UW SC>UL, ,_ Wf\Te'Cl.-LOG"6P Linda Jenness stores. SRAl~, f'l SAc:KQof.le New York, N.Y. The meatheads who run Safeway work hand-in­ OF .JEU.V A~[) c:.Lue glove with the farm bosses who oppress Chicano AtJO ~02 A HEART' A TUMo~. ' field workers. Safeway supported Proposition 22 on The letters column is an open forum the California ballot last fall. Initiated by the racist for all viewpoints on subjects of gen­ growers, Prop 22 would have taken away .the right eral interest to' our readers. Please of farm workers to organize the union of their choice. keep your letters brief. Where neces­ Apparently, the adulteration of meat is not a rare sary they will be abridged. Please in­ practice. The district attorney's office in Los Angeles is dicate if your name may be used or suing other chains for allegedly mislabeling ground if you prefer that your initials be used beef as "ground lamb" and ground pork as "ground instead. beef." Hearing all this brought to mind Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle. In this classic expose of the meat industry at the turn of the century, Sinclair described some of the ingredients that went into sausages and

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 16, 1973 7 The Great Society Harry Ring

Cultural note- Hollywood is taking Bedouin tribesmen hired for guerrilla it is difficult to obtain in some parts Just cough it up- Cincinnati residents a piece of the Mideast action. "Sabra scenes. "We have to stop shooting of the world. To deal with this prob­ who were into Xmas cookies will be Command," being shot in the Sinai a couple of. times a day while they lem, the Pope has now ruled that any cheered to learn the government or­ desert, depicts an Israeli army unit pray," O'Connor said. "But they can vegetable oil may be used in the rite. dered the Federal Bake Shops chain hunting Palestinian guerrillas. "We do some scenes marvelously- if you This should be heartening news to to recall 20,000 gingerbread men in­ want to show Israelis and Jews in a tell them to die they lie still for hours." those suffering high blood pressure fested with rodent excreta. new light-fighting in the desert and and concerned with their cholesterol dancing in the discotheques instead intake. Keep it clean, quiet, and quaint- The of working in shops." explains pro­ Thought for the week-" A fair mind Australian Ballet was invited to tour ducer Buddy Ruskin. "And we want Favors hot water- Nuclear physicist has to wonder whether the illegaliza­ Eastern Europe. According to the com­ to show that the Arab terrorists of Edward Teller, who accepted with tion of cigarettes in certain places will pany's artistic director, Peggy van today are like the Mafia in its hey­ pride being dubbed "father of improve the general welfare. Or will Pragh, Soviet authorities "particular­ day." the bomb," says needed development it lead to opening of puff-easies, where ly asked us not to bring any electronic of nuclear reactors is being held up alienated smokers steal from job and music, any contemporary music, or by environmentalists who protest that family and polite society to indulge anything with sex in it." Some of his best friends are Arabs- If reactors "would raise water tempera­ their suicidal habit? I suppose a law you suspect that an element of racism ture slightly." He's the same Doc Tel­ could be drawn to permit smoking may be found in "Sabra Command," Setback for olive lobby- Since ler who tried to con early opponents only in private between consenting be reassured by the attitude of direc­ the early days of Christianity, olive of the bomb with the slick argument adults, thereby making it a victimless tor John O'Connor. Despite some oil has been prescribed for the sacra­ that nuclear fallout was "safer than crime."- Los Angeles Times colum­ problems, he's pleased with the ment of anointing the sick. However, cigarettes." nist Art Seidenbaum.

Women In Revolt ERA opponents invoke Bible Cindy Jaquith Women won another important victory when the have a leader and men are divinely chosen to fulfill suffered with the Supreme Court decision to legalize Wyoming state legisiature ratified the Equal Rights that role." abortion, these groups will continue to campaign in Amendment Jan. 24. At the same time, however, Barlow also raised the specter that the ERA the states where the ERA is being debated. The there were four defeats for the ERA that reflect would lead to "divorces on a scale heretofore un­ leader of the Stop ERA Committee, Phyllis Schlafly, the growing campaign by the anti-ERA forces. heard of' and that it was a "vicious, divisive instru­ recently told the New York Times that her organi­ In the course of the debate in Wyoming over ment to destroy the basis of this nation- the zation has strong chapters in eight of the states that the measure, a group called Women for Main­ family." have not yet ratified the ERA: Arizona, Florida, taining the Differences Between the Sexes and The Oklahoma House defeated the ERA Jan. Illinois, Louisiana, Missouri, Ohio, Oklahoma, and Against the Equal Rights Amendment lobbied un­ 31. According to a UPI dispatch, male legislators Virginia. successfully for its defeat. The group's co-chair­ opposed the bill in part because they said it "defied In addition to these states, legislators will con­ woman, Virginia Bumgardner, falsely charged that the teachings of the Bible and because women sider the ERA in five others-Alabama, Arkansas, the Socialist Workers Party's reason for backing 'are not the same as we are.'" Connecticut, Indiana, and Minnesota. the amendment is that drafting women would help The Arkansas Senate voted against ratifying Defeat of the Equal Rights Amendment would be "destroy the Army." the ERA Feb. 1 and the Montana Senate did the a serious blow to the struggle for women's libera­ Wyoming is the twenty-third state to ratify the same Feb. 2. tion. Enemies of the feminist movement would use ERA. At least 38 states must do so for the amend­ Although both the House and Senate in each such a defeat to claim that the masses of women ment to become law. state must consider the bill, in the case of Utah don't really want equality. On Jan. 24 the Utah House of Representatives and Montana, the defeats by one legislative body In every state where the ratification fight is voted 51 to 20 against the ERA. The heavy influ­ are considered likely to mean defeat in the other. coming up, a well-organized campaign on the ence of the Mormon Church's backward teachings The majority of states taking up the ERA thus part of ERA supporters will be important. To be about women was evident in the speech of at least far have approved it, but as events in the last most effective, such a campaign will have to expose one legislator. According to a Jan. 26 Associated week show, there is no reason to assume this the arguments of the right wing and involve the Press report, Democratic Representative Eldon Bar­ will continue. broadest forces possible, including trade unions, low proclaimed that "any organized society must Despite the demoralizing blow the anti-ERA forces women's organizations, and campus groups.

By Any Means Necessary Baxter Smith Racist Kitty Hawk trials continue A Black sailor was convicted by a Navy jury Last month the Black Servicemen's Caucus, a said to have okayed Blacks congregating peace­ in San Diego this week. Brother Ricks, one of group of ex-servicemen here who are spear:heading ably in any number. But as soon as ·they left the Kitty Hawk defendants, was found guilty of the defense of the Black sailors, issued a fact sheet ·his office he called out the Marines. "Heads were assault and riot charges. on the Oct. 12 "riot." The fact sheet is based on dis­ busted, hands were broken, backs stabbed, and According to Militant correspondent Marilee Sav­ cussions the B SC had with some of the 21 Blacks in one case, a revolver drawn," the fact sheet re­ age, three white sailors gave testimony that indi­ who were framed up. ports. cated they had been lying when they accused Ricks The atmosphere aboard the ship, which was The Black Marines refused to attack other of hitting them with a stick last Oct. 12. stationed off the coast of Vietnam, had been tense brothers. The melee spread as the white sailors The whites had been working in sick bay when for some time. Job discrimination against Blacks joined in on the attack and the Blacks defended a "riot" broke out on the ship. Ricks brought a was rampant. The brothers were forced into posi­ themselves. The fact sheet reports 200 of the 638 wounded Black sailor into sick bay. A white sailor, tions as "mess cooks, scrub boys and lavatory Blacks aboard got involved- there were 5,000 who was brought in later, was treated first. cleaners while white sailors ... received job clas­ men aboard the Kitty Hawk. sifications they wanted." Attached to the fact sheet was an appeal by the Two of the whites admitted on the stand that Black, Chicano, and Filipino sailors worked BSC to the Congressional Black Caucus to "send Ricks had never touched them, so two charges exclusively in what is called "the hole," or lower a representative immediately to San Diego to of assault were dropped. Nonetheless, he was sen­ levels of the ship. Whites worked the upper levels. investigate and help these brothers." To my knowl­ tenced to two months in jail and a reduction in edge, none of these Black Democrats -who are rank and pay. The Navy did this knowing that According to the fact sheet, there was a "standing long on words and short on action -have re­ he has to support his wife and baby on his Navy order aboard ship to break up any group of sponded to this appeal. pay. Blacks numbering more than two or three peo­ The recently formed Kitty Hawk Defense Com­ There were five Kitty Hawk trials in progress ple." Twenty white sailors could sit together at a mittee is planning a rally and benefit Feb. 11 the first week of February. The Navy is under table but four Blacks could riot. The power salute to raise money and build support for the Black pressure to speed up the trials because all of the and the dap (Black handshake) were banned. sailors. For more information or to contribute Black defendants have been confined to the brig The "riot" occurred just after a group of 25 to the defense, write: Kitty Hawk Defense, cjo for almost 90 days. Defense lawyers have been to 30 Blacks met with Captain Marland Townsend Black Servicemen's Caucus, 3109 Imperial Ave., trying unsuccessfully to have the men released. Jr. over their grievances. At that meeting he was San Diego, Calif. 92102.

8 present level. own"-Washington continues to prop forced to flee their land by the U. S. Before the truce was signed, Wash­ it up with aid, supplies, and the threat bombing and are presenty in the By BARRY SHEPPARD ington turned over many of its bases of reintervention to protect it if neces­ areas controlled by Thieu's henchmen. Leonid Brezhnev, Stalinist chieftan of and much materiel to the Saigon sary. In addition, Moscow and Peking The Saigon regime can offer them no the Soviet Communist Party, issued a army. The Saigon air force was built have made it clear they will do their perspective. They need to and want statement Jan. 30 on the Viet­ up to be the third largest in the world. utmost to guarantee PRG and North to return to their land, much of which nam cease-fire accords. Brezhnev, The U.S. can keep Thieu's armies Vietnamese "compliance" with the ac­ is in areas under PRG control, Thieu's bragging about the Soviet role in the supplied at this level. U. S. bombers cords. 1 present policy is to attempt to prevent settlement, asserted that "a road for and other forces remain massed in It is true that in direct combat with by force their return to PRG-controlled peaceful democratic development, for Thailand, off the coast of Vietnam, the revolutionary forces of North Viet­ areas. upholding true independence and for and in other Asian bases. nam and the NLF, the Saigon armies Land reform has been one of the conducting the policy of national con­ Military prisoners from all sides have proved incapable of holding central issues impelling the resistance cord and unification opens before will be returned within 60 days. their own without massive U. S. bomb­ to the Saigon regime since the middle South Vietnam" as a result of the ac­ The cease-fire accords recognize that ing. But if such combat should-start 1950s. The peasantry will want to cords. (Daily World, Feb. 1.) two armies and two administrations again, it would obviously mean the assert its ownership of the land, not The rosy picture Brezhnev paints exist in South Vietnam, those of the scrapping of the accords. only in areas under PRG control, is duplicated by the American Com­ PRG in several areas and of the Thieu Burchett correctly says that the strug­ where this has largely been carried munist Party and the Daily World. government. Each is to remain in con­ gle in South Vietnam continues, but he out, but throughout the countryside. The pro-Peking Guardian newspaper trol of the areas it now holds. indicates that the implementation of The landlords and their regime will takes a similar position. Both the CP the terms of the accords will inevitably attempt to prevent this and to collect and the Guardian give political sup­ 'National Reconciliation' lead to the successful completion of rents wherever possible. port to the cease-fire accords, in spite The part of the accords concerning the Vietnamese struggle for national In the cities, the war has exacer­ of the fact that they contain many the future of South Vietnam includes liberation. bated inflation, speculation, dictatorial conditions Washington imposed on the provisions calling for free elections, The actual course of events in South denial of democratic rights, unemploy­ Vietnamese. Both assert that if the release of political prisoners, and rec­ Vietnam will be determined by the ment, corruption, and the hoarding of provisions of the accords are carried ognition of basic democratic rights. living class struggle in Vietnam and vital necessities- on top of the "normal" exploitation of the masses by capitalism. The struggle for the political rights of all organizations Thieu banned, for the release of the hundreds THE PARIS ACCORDS AID THE of thousands of political prisoners, and for democratic rights in general cannot be resolved by mere words in favor of democracy in the accords. These and other issues of the class CLASS STRUGGLE I VIET AM struggle- "matters of contention" be­ tween the opposing forces- cannot be settled by "negotiations" but only through mass struggle. Take the ques­ tion of land reform, for example. The peasants want the land, and do not want their blood sucked dry by the rent-gouging landlords. The land­ lords, however, certainly cannot ac­ cept the peasants' position- !J-Ot if they want to remain landlords! What road to victory? Genuine national liberation cannot be won through cooperation or recon­ ciliation with the Saigon regime of landlords and capitalists. That regime relies on imperialist support for its continued existence. It must be over­ thrown before national liberation will be on the agenda. The accords say that reunification of North and South Vietnam will come about "peacefully" and through nego­ tiations between North and South Viet­ nam. This also is impossible so long as the Thieu regime remains. North Vietnam is a workers state. Saigon Saigon, 1966. Ant!-government, anti-U.S. demonstrations shook South Vietnam. Social conflicts that led to these struggles have presides over a capitalist state. Re- not been resolved. unification is impossible before capitalism is overthrown in South Vietnam. out, this will be tantamount to a vic­ But the implementation of these pro­ on a world scale. The accords must The heart of the issue remains what tory for the Vietnamese libera­ visions is left entirely to negotiations be seen in this context. And, as we it always has been in South Vietnam: tion forces. between the PRG and the Saigon shall see, the roa~ to victory for that which class will rule? The course of the This assertion is false. To see why, regime. The two sides are to set up struggle cannot be the road outlined class struggle itself will determine we should first look at what the ac­ a three-part National Council of Na­ in the accords. which of the two class forces, cords stipulate. There are two parts tional Reconciliation and Concord, The two administrations and two represented by the two armies and to the accords, one concerning the presumably composed of the PRG, the armies that face each other in South two regimes in South Vietnam, will cease-fire, and the other the political Saigon regime, and "neutralists" ap­ Vietnam represent irreconcilable class eventually predominate. future of South Vietnam. The agree­ pointed by both sides. Each party can forces. The Saigon regime is based This question cannot be decided by ment concerning the cease-fire is to veto any decision of the council. on the landlords and capitalists and elections. No ruling class in history be implemented independently from The accords say this national coun­ defends their interests. The PRG and has ever given up its privileges peace­ the "political" agreement. cil will then hold elections for a new NLF are based on the peasants, fully. They have always resorted to The "political" aspects, concerning government, which will "determine the workers, and other oppressed layers. violence when their rule is threatened. the future of South Vietnam, are out­ future" of South Vietnam. The landlords and capitalists back­ lined, but their implementation is left The accords recognize the historical An explosive situation ing the Thieu regime are no exception. entirely to negotiations between the unity of Vietnam in theory but the This situation is highly explosive. The whole history of the war demon­ Provisional Revolutionary Govern­ division into North and South Viet­ After so many years of war and revo­ strates that fact. ment and the Saigon dictatorship. nam in fact. Reunification will sup­ lution, the South Vietnamese people The CP and the Guardian warn that The military aspects of the accord posedly come about by "peaceful face huge social pr9blems. None of Thieu will try to violate the provisions include a cease-fire throughout South means," through negotiations ''be­ the basic questions, including land of the accords concerning democratic Vietnam and a halt to U. S. bomb­ tween North and South Vietnam." • reform, national liberation, and elections, the release of political ing of the North. The remaining U.S. The agreement also says that the reunification, which have been at prisoners, and democratic rights in troops and materiel will be withdrawn "two South Vietnamese parties under­ the root of the war and which general. Of course! Without question! from South Vietnam within 60 days. take to respect the cease-fire and main­ so many courageous Vietnamese died But given this fact, what does it mean North Vietnamese soldiers are per­ tain peace in South Vietnam, settle fighting for, have been resolved by the to say that the struggle in South Viet­ mitted to remain in South Vietnam, all rna tters of contention through nego­ accords. nam will advance along the road out­ but no new North Vietnamese forces tiations and avoid all armed conflict." Washington continues to intervene lined by the accords? may be introduced. North Vietnam What do the accords really mean? in the affairs of the Vietnamese The accords outline a policy of col­ must withdraw its troops from Laos Writing in the Feb. 7 Guardian, Wil­ through its support to the Saigon laboration between the PRG and the and Cambodia, ending the use of the fred Burchett expressed the view that regime. The country is still aivided. Saigon regiltle to set up elections for supply routes through those countries. the "unorganized, unpopular and cor­ National liberation and reunification a new government.' This can only North Vietnamese and National rupt Thieu administration cannot be remain to be won. work if the PRG agrees to Saigon's Liberation Front forces may receive expected to long survive on its own." Millions have been dislocated by the terms. If this should occur, it would material to keep their supplies at the But the Thieu regime is not "on its . war. Most are peasants who were. Continued on page 22

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 16, 1973 9 'Lame Duck in TUrbulent waters· cus Hall= communist Party election strategy wrong for thirty years I . By LARRY SEIGLE I headlined its story on the Soviet by the new radicalization because of more serious problem. There are Under the title "A Lame Duck in Tur­ ! stance, "Soviet Press, After Ignoring its abstention from the antiwar, worn- members of this body who did not bulent Wat_ers -the next 4 years of the Campaign, Indicates Moscow Fa- en's liberation, and other struggles, vote for the Communist ticket." Nixon," the Communist Party has vors Nixon." A dispatch from Mos- particularly on the campuses. They "The question is," he said, "how are published the full text of Gus Hall's cow in the Oct. 5, 1972, Los Angeles feel that because of their absence from we going to characterize such actions speech to the CP central commmittee Times noted that "Soviet President . . . the scene, other groups, particularly by Communists? Should we be silent? meeting of Dec. 8-10, 1972. · Podgorny reportedly came very close the Socialist Workers Party and the Are we going to say, 'It's understand­ The internal disputes and conflicts to endorsing the reelection of Presi- Young Socialist Alliance, have grown able. They meant well. They were wor­ revealed in Hall's speech indicate that dent Nixon." The article noted that at their expense. ried about Nixon.'? I don't think the CP is facing a crisis of major Podgorny' s "attitude seems to reflect And, especially in recent months, so.... " proportions. The intensity of intra­ a general Soviet sympathy for Mr. the CP has felt the need for some left party rancor and factionalism is high­ Nixon's campaign." rhetoric to cover up its complicity with 'Opportunism' and er than it has been for some time. The Soviet leaders' attitude toward the Kremlin's monstrous betrayal of 'liquidationism' Like the earthquakes that have Nixon is clearly inconsistent with the the Vietnamese revolution. The role • The 'cp "united front" strategy of shaken American Stalinism before, CP' s long-standing policy of support- of Moscow is so brazen that it has burying itself in "mass organizations" such as the 1956 Soviet invasion of ing presidential candidates of the Dem- aroused some disquiet even within the has been used as a cover for "op­ Hungary, the current tremors stem ocratic Party. Something had to give, ranks, especially among newer mem- portunism" and an "excuse for liqui­ from major developments involving dating the Party." Moscow. The source of the disloca­ "Some [CP] trade unionists interpret­ tion is the new detente between Wash­ ed it to mean," charged Hall, "that ington and Moscow, which has been it is all right for them to unite with consummated with the settlement im­ reformists and in the process become posed on Vietnam. reformists themselves. Others thought In the context of the detente, the it meant that they should join the need for a shift in the line of the Reform Democrats and become Re­ CPUSA is quite apparent. For dec­ form Democrats themselves. Some ades, the CP has been buried inside Jewish comrades thought it meant they the Democratic Party. It has been ori­ should make such concessions to Jew­ ented toward encouraging the Demo­ ish nationalism that eventually one crats, as the representatives of the could not tell them apart." "progressive" wing of the capitalist e The CP's "three pronged" electoral class, to adopt a more friendly at­ strategy, which Hall also referred to titude toward the Soviet Union. Fol­ as a three-legged stool, is a "wrong lowing the line of the Kremlin bu­ coneept, a wrong basis for our Party's reaucrals, they have appealed· for the electoral policy.'' This strategy, which U.S. government to adopt a policy Gus Hall previously articulated and of "peaceful coexistence" with Moscow. defended, tried to justify combining But the rapprochement has been the support to capitalist politicians, most­ instrument of a Republican president, ly Democrats, with support to "inde­ not of the Democrats. It turned out pendent" candidacies and CP came to be Nixon, not a Kennedy or a paigns. McGovern, who negotiated the deal Hall admitted that "we have tried with Brezhnev. to reinterpret it on many occasions, As Gus Hall puts it in his report, including the last convention as well "In the field of foreign policy, mo­ as the last meeting of the Central Com­ nopoly capital moves towards more mittee. But it never quite mad!'! po­ realistic policies. . . ." litical sense.'' He said that the only "In a sense it is ironical," says Hall, "operational leg" of the stool has been "that the old cold warrior Nixon won "the policy of supporting liberal Dem­ his re-election partly by retreating ocrats as the main electoral activity." from positions on which he had built Hall said Communists had to "break his lifetime reactionary career. The t~ with the illusion ourselves" that the shift was a surprise to many." Democratic Party can be "made into · For Hall, the diplomatic moves Gus Hall, general secretary of the Communist Party a vehicle for struggle against monop­ have "a significance that goes beyond oly." electoral maneuvers. They reflect a e The CP has been wrong since new stage in world relationships. They the early 1940s for not running its and it wasn't going to be the Krem­ hers of the CP and Young Workers are victories for socialism." own campaigns. Hall asked, "... lin's foreign policy. The CP had to Liberation League. The CP tops ev­ what were the reasons we did not run make a shift, and it is this shift that idently believe that waving a few red Communist presidential candidates for McGovern campaign has provoked the internal crisis. flags on demonstrations and a little some 30 years? And what of the Democrats? "It is The CP could not, of course, fol­ dose of "red revolution" phraseology "... even if we could not have made also ironical that in all this the Mc­ low Moscow and openly support Nix­ will make the bitter pill of the Mos­ the ballot in one state, should we not Govern camp was left holding the on. Rather, the "break" with the Dem­ cow sellout easier to swallow. This is have run candidates? There have been cold-war bag. McGovern quoted Nix­ ocratic Party has been carried out the best defense the CP tops can think a few exceptions where candidates on against Nixon on the cold war. under the banner of a shift to the of against the intense pressure from have run for local offices, but these This only gave McGovern the image "left." antiwar activists, particularly the were mostly in cases where it was of holding on to the cold-war posi­ In his speech, Hall calls for a rup­ Trotskyists, about Moscow's role in not necessary to run on the Com­ tions. . . . Nixon cleverly used the is­ ture with the CP' s 30 years of orien­ Vietnam. munist Party line." sue of the millions of jobs that will tation toward the Democratic Party: The bulk of the specific issues con­ All these errors led to significant come from Soviet trade. McGovern "The Left forces should seek to turn tained in Hall's report are in the form e "resistance" in the party to the 1972 ... was thus against a concrete mea­ the independent forces away from try­ of an attack on that section of the campaign. "Why should Communists sure that will provide jobs-namely, ing to become an opposition within CP, including the leadership, who vote for candidates of big business," trade with the socialist countries. On . the Democratic Party. The Left could balked at supporting the presidential asked the Communist candidate, the Middle East Nixon kept silent. ... steer them toward independent forms, ticket of Hall and Jarvis Tyner be­ McGovern, on the other hand, made toward broad electoral and legislative cause they were sticking with the pre­ the most vicious, anti-Soviet, cold-war coalitions on issues and actions." vious policy of support to the Dem­ speeches in his attempt to get the Jew­ "The moment is ripe," declares Hall, ocratic nominee. ish vote. . ; ." "for active steps toward organizing Hall has some very nasty things "McGovern's was a one-sided posi­ a mass, working-class-based anti-mo­ to say about the attitude of many tion. One position -that of ending the nopoly party." CPers toward electoral politics and war, was undercut by Nixon's dema­ about their conduct of his campaign. gogy and by the concrete actions to­ A new orientation Hall presents the leaders of the par­ ward ending it." The necessity for a new orientation ty, of which he has been the top of­ Of course, Hall denounces Nixon that would not put the CP at odds ficial for more than a decade, with for his domestic program. But the with the Kremlin line coincided with an indictment that includes the follow­ Kremlin is not concerned with Nix­ other developments within the CP. ing counts: on's domestic policy; they like his for­ Younger CPers feel pressure to be­ • Many CP members didn't even eign policy, and that is all they care co.me more public and open as "Com­ vote for the CP. "My guess," com­ about. munists.'' plained Hall, "is that 30 per cent, The Soviet bureaucracy's attitude to­ Also, CP leaders, under pressure maybe 40 per cent, of Communists ward the contest was stated clearly from Moscow and from other Stalinist did not vote for the Communist Pres­ by Soviet leaders before the election. parties, have recognized that the CP idential ticket. In some areas it may The Oct. 29, 1972, New York Times has been bypassed to a great extent be even higher. Let us face a still leonid Brezhnev

10 ·Funds needed to launch Young Socialist teams 'By DELPFINE WELCH are on the road tens of thousands ' The tradition of footloose radical of people will be introduced to social­ . organizers, soapbox orators, and ist politics. socialist newspaper sellers, originated The teams will also set up· litera­ at the turn of the century by the early ture tables, organize meetings and "when Communist candidates are run­ same cloth. Therefore we can deal · Socialist Party and ·Industrial Work­ debates, sell subscriptions, get inter­ ning against them? This seems to me with either one. Today, it is the Re­ ers of the World, lives again! views with the campus press and to be a serious question for this Party. publican, Nixon. Tomorrow ... who From March to May the Young radio, and encourage bookstores and "What is the logic that led a Com­ knows? Socialist Alliance will field twelve professors to use radical books and munist editor to write: 'IT you did Why the resistance? Gus Hall is re­ teams of four people each to travel pamphlets from Pathfinder Press. not lose that last spark of human feel­ sponding to Moscow's dictates; the across the United States spreading About $10,000 will be required to ing, it is clear you must vote for Mc­ younger activists like it for their own socialist ideas. finance the teams: to pay for gas, Govern.' Such poetic feeling! Comrade reasons, as indicated earlier. But other Plans for the spring teams are based oil, and road tolls; to print the litera­ on the success and accomplishments ture they will distribute and ship it of the Young Socialists for Jenness to each team's departure point; to pay and Pulley teams last fall. In the two the telephone expenses of keeping in months preceding the 1972 elections contact with the teams; and to pro­ 17 YSJP teams visited every one of vide minimal living expenses for the the 48 continental states, eampaign­ 48 young socialists who have volun­ ing for the Socialist Workers Party teered for the teams. A Young Social­ ticket of Linda Jenness and Andrew ist Teams Fund has been launched to Pulley. raise this $10,000. They sold more than 14,000 sub­ The fund got off to a flying start scriptions and 15,000 individual at the Young Socialist national con­ copies of The Militant and Interna­ vention last November, where hun­ tional Socialist Review, convinced dreds of dollars was collected and more than 80 people to join the YSA, more pledged at a rally. The fall YSJP and helped to organize 16 new team participants were honored with chapters of the YSA- all in only a standing ovation. Many of these eight weeks. teams were so enthusiastic about the Hall says McGovern was 'left holding the cold-war bag' while Nixon pursued a 'more On every campus they visited -from prospects for spring teams that they realistic' foreign policy. Eugene, Ore., to Cedar Falls, Iowa, pooled their resources to pledge $50 to Gainesville, Fla. -the YSJP teams or $100 for the project. found an openness and enthusiasm for So far a total of $4,270 has been Tyner [Hall's running mate] and I sectors of the CP feel pressure from socialist ideas. The spring teams, in collected. Thousands more must be resent such indecent remarks." another direction. They are the ones addition to reaching new areas, will raised by March 31 to ensure that Referring to the "resistance" to the totally immersed in Democratic Party follow up on these gains. On many all twelve teams can be sent off for 1972 campaign, he said, "We started politics; in the lower ranks of trade­ campuses they will visit, students have the full eight weeks. You can help by talking early but we started working union officialdom; and in other arenas been reading The Militant for several sending a contribution to the Young late. The leadership did not shift cadre -of activity in which the CP has been months, and a good number can be Socialist Teams Fund, P. 0. Box 471, to the election front. We could have operating for many years. For them, expected to join the YSA. Cooper Station, New York, N.Y. been on the ballot in at least 10 more the pressure was to go all-out for The teams will spend several days 10003. states if not for the hangups." [The McGovern. The Hall-Tyner campaign on each campus. Their main activity Cars in good condition are Socialist Workers Party was on the was nothing but an embarrassment, will be selling The Militant and Young still needed for many of the teams. ballot in 10 states more than the CP. an obstacle to their work. Socialist (monthly newspaper of the IT you can provide a car, write or -L.S.] Hall explained this dilemma: "The YSA). Since each team will probably call the YSA local nearest you. (Ad­ Getting to specifics, Hall demanded, fact that we had Communist candi­ sell 200 to 400 or more newspapers dresses and phone numbers are listed "... how do the comrades from Cal­ dates presented a new problem for per week, during the eight weeks they in the Socialist Directory, p. 22.) ifornia explain the mess there? Or how many of our comrades. . .. do the comrades from Texas, Indiana, "It became a crisis of policy for New York, Massachusetts, or all of some, a crisis of relationships with New England from Connecticut to others. The crisis was the sharpest Maine, and the southern states explain for those who are known as Com­ the shortcomings there? We know what munists.... Where VSA teams will go you did not do; more important is "How did our comrades solve the· ATLANTA will cover-Alabama, Florida, Tennessee, South Carolina, Georgia, why you did not do more." The re­ problem? Some spoke for the Party's Mississippi. plies to these questions, if any, were candidates. Some were silent. Some BOSTON will cover-Rhode Island, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Maine, not reported. were McGovern supporters.... " Hall Vermont, Upstate New York. has relied on the younger members CHICAGO will cover-Illinois, Missouri, Eastern Kansas, Eastern Iowa, South­ 'Browderism' to help carry this position against eastern Wisconsin. The exceedingly sharp tone of Hall's the resistance in the party. But this CLEVELAND and DETROIT will cover-Ohio, Kentucky, Michigan, Eastern polemic, and the decision to print such road is full of pitfalls. Precisely be­ Indiana, Western Pennsylvania. a speech publicly, shows how deep cam!e the new line is determined by DENVER will cover- Colorado, Wyoming, Utah, Western Kansas, New the crisis has become. Hall even raises the vagaries of Soviet foreign policy, Mexico. the charge of "Browderism," CP par­ it is subject to reversal at any time. HOUSTON and AUSTIN will cover- Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Louisiana. lance for "right opportunism," against The "leftists" may have the rug pulled LOS ANGELES and SAN DIEGO will cover-Southern California, Arizona, his opponents. out from under them. Hall, who has , Southern Nevada. • This is not the first open sign of the versatility of a veteran Stalinist Ml N NEAPOLIS will cover- Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, the internal problems. An editorial in hack, can dance to many tunes. But Western Iowa, Western Wisconsin. the September 1972 Political Affairs, how will the younger leaders face a NEW YORK will cover- New York, New Jersey, Connecticut. the CP magazine, directly repudiated quick reversal? PHILADELPHIA and WASHINGTON will cover-Maryland, Virginia, West the previous month's editorial on "The Many members of the CP have had Virginia, North Carolina, Delaware, Eastern Pennsylvania. McGovern Candidacy." Their earlier a hard time accepting the Kremlin's SAN FRANCISCO and BERKELEY will cover- Northern California and North­ statement, the editors point out, "did support for Nixon. They were told ern Nevada. not sufficiently stress the limitations not to worry; that is on the level of SEATTLE and PORTLAND will cover- Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana. and negative features of the McGov­ "diplomacy," which has nothing to do ern candidacy." with "politics." But how far can they The dispute became quite heated at be expected to go in· this direction? a special meeting of the CP national Certainly they are not for Nixon, they council in September. At that time, are against him. Young Socialist Teams Fund those who wanted to deemphasize or There is another danger for the CP drop altogether the Hall-Tyner cam­ in the course Hall is following. In paign in favor of more open sup­ his sweeping indictment of CP policy needs $10,000 by March 31! port to McGovern were dealt a de­ for the last 30 years, he has acknowl­ cisive defeat. edged the correctness of many of the The "new look" has many of the criticisms of the CP made by the SWP trappings of a turn to the left. The and the YSA. Someone may well ask fi:ITt) CP now says, in effect, both parties him, "Do you mean to say that the $0 $5,000 $10,000 are run by monopoly capital. We must Trotskyites were right in some of their build an anti-monopoly party. We criticisms of us through all those must stop burying ourselves in the years?" ( ) I can provide food and housing, set up a speaking engagement or inter­ Democratic Party. To forestall this question, and to view, or otherwise help a team visiting my area. But the left rhetoric is merely the inoculate CPers and YWLLers against fancy wrapping paper, at least inso­ the obvious answer, Hall has accom­ Name ______far as ·Gus Hall and the Nixon fans panied his new policy with an esca­ Address------~------~------in the Kremlin are concerned. The lation of anti-Trotskyist slanders. We ( ity ______State Zip ------essence, for them, is: The Democrats will examine these questions in future Young Socialist Teams Fund, Box 471 Cooper Station, New York, N.Y. 10003. and the Republicans are cut from the articles.

THE MiliTANT/FEBRUARY 16, 1973 11 Speedup & unemployment are keys to u.s. ·p erit in '73

By FRANK LOVELL , inating several stages of storing, stow­ Some skilled departments in the auto lin National Bank. Amidst optimistic reports from Wash­ ing, and rehandling. The new methods industry are shriveling up as more Some of these are government con­ ington about the economic boom and have come into general use over a crafts become obsolete. The average tractors or had somehow lost out on a new era of prosperity, there is a feel­ period of years. In the process, the age of workers in these departments government subsidies and no longer ing- of insecurity, uncertainty, and number of working longshoremen has is over 50, and there are no training need workers. Sorry, they say. Others doubt among workers. The employers been gradually cut in half. programs for young craftsmen to re­ have discovered that they can do more generally have good reason to rejoice The work force was reduced by a place them. with fewer ·workers and are laying because profits in 1972 reached an freeze on hiring of young workers, al­ These changing methods of produc­ off on that account. They are not all-time high and output per worker lowing time and hard work to take tion have not eliminated the hard, dir­ sorry. In the case of General Foods, per hour is rising rapidly. their toll. When young workers man­ ty, and dangerous work that is every­ a management consulting firm sug­ According to the publicity,- there aged to find jobs on the waterfront, where in all types of employment. It gested conducting layoff in stages of should also be a general sense of well­ they are limited to part-time work un­ has, however, changed the ratio of 650 workers. Gulf Oil eliminated being among the working class. There til the old-timers retire. industrial workers to those employed 2,035 jobs. are more jobs than ever before-82 In manufacturing industries, es­ in other fields. "One of the most far-reaching per­ million workers on the payroll, 2.4 pecially rubber, electrical, and steel, sonnel cutbacks in the New York area million more than in 1972. Average old plants have been closed and the Government jobs has been a massive reduction by the wages are rising, not much, but about workers told to look elsewhere for In recent years the federal, state, New York Telephone Company," says 6 percent annually. More people are jobs. Some were able to collect a few and city governments have become Jensen. In 1972 the company reduced producing more goods faster and fast­ weeks "severance pay" under pro­ big employers, hiring millions for all its work force by 8,000, down to er, and this ought to bring prices visions of union contracts. kinds of work. Consequently the Amer­ 95,000. It plans further reductions of down. Unemployment should also de­ The coal mining industry combined ican Federation of State, County and 5,000 by June 1973. cline because more jobs are available. the worst features of both methods. Municipal Employees is one of the R. R. Donnelly & Sons is a special But the old free-enterprise system After the United Mineworkers and the fastest-growing unions, while the long­ case. This is one of the biggest open­ does not work the way they say it major coal companies concluded an shore, rubber workers, printers, fish­ shop printing outfits in the country, should, certainly not at this stage of agreement in 1950 to mechanize the ermen, miners, and railroad unions with its main plant in Chicago. It capitalist development, if it ever did. mines, thousands of "noncompetitive" have all declined numerically. laid off 180 workers at its plant in Prices are going up, not down. There operators were forced out of business Automation of industry brings struc­ Old Saybrook, Conn., when Life is little change in the unemployment and few new jobs opened up in the big tural unemploymen~ displacing mil­ magazine folded last Christmas. situation, which the U.S. Bureau of mines. The number of working miners lions who will never be rehired be­ Jobs are insecure everywhere in the Labor Statistics says is down to 4.8 dropped from 600,000 to less than cause their jobs have been eliminated. printing trade. This industry is be­ million from more than five million half that many. The industrial machine continues to coming one of the most highly auto­ a year ago. Miners this year have gained hope operate without them. mated and expects to eliminate thou­ There were 2.2 million more work­ from the successful reform movement This explains why there are still sands of jobs. Its connection with the ers in the labor market thisyear than in their union, which seeks to raise almost five million registered unem­ publishing industry means the work­ last, most of them young workers pensions for the retired and disabled ployed workers who cannot find jobs force shrinks every time a magazine without steady jobs and unable to find and promises to enforce safety rules as the economy expands. This figure or newspaper .goes out of business. any. Most of the new jobs, 1.8 million, in the mines. But this is only the nec­ does not include the millions of "dis- The down-and-out slide of Life elim- were in what they call "the service pro­ essary beginning on a long road to ducing sector, "which means they were regain lost jobs and establish to: erable often temporary and usually low paid. conditions of life in the coal fields. Workers cannot live on statistics and Unlike coal, the auto industry is projections of good times ahead. They decentralized, its facilities established must judge everything by the present in all sections of the country. How­ and compare this with how they lived ever, the factory work force has been in the past. It is not easy to find work­ drastically reduced in Detroit and ing men and women who think they other Michigan cities that were once are better off today than they were last centers of the auto industry. year or the year before. The latest automated factories pro­ Most are worse off. They pay more duce more cars with fewer workers. A for everything they get and get less drive spearheaded by the General Mo­ of it. They work harder because more tors Assembly Division has system­ is demanded of them. They look for­ atically combined operations on the ward to little change in their present assembly lines and further slashed the situation and hope mostly for a work force while maintaining the same 'The auto companies are looking for ways to make these workers happy without chance to escape to something better. high rate of production, 100 cars per changing the work pace.' But the chances are not promising. hour in some plants. Major industries are producingmore This work pace simplifies the prob­ couraged workers" who found out ear­ inated 680 jobs beginning in 1971. than ever. They have mechanized pro­ lem of over-employment ;'1 the auto lier that government employment The printers were additional victims. duction, decentralized the productive industry. Plant managen have few agencies have no jobs for them. The Guild Reporter, official organ process, expanded the number of fa­ worries about too many workers with The attitude of the employing class of the Newspaper Guild (AFL-CIO, cilities, automated assembly plants, long seniority not yet ready for retire­ changes under these circumstances of CLC), reports Jan. 12: "Despite the eliminated most manual skills, and _ment. Most old-timers who in past boom times and vast unemployment. demise of Life magazine and the ear­ reduced the work force at the point of years could take the grind when the A spot survey of job cutbacks in fue lier folding of Look, the consensus production. This is a continuing pro­ pace was slower are now gone. An New York area by New York Times of industry leaders is that the maga­ cess. It takes different forms in differ­ assembly line worker today usually reporter Michael Jensen revealed that zine business was never healthier." The ent industries, but all industry is un­ lasts only a few years, often only jobs are not plentiful. He wrote, "pro­ reason these business "leaders" find dergoing basic transformation. months. The average age in some of spective employers are choosing care­ magazine publishing "healthy" is be­ the newer plants is 24. fully before they hire, and good posi­ cause the industry continues to reap New methods In peak season some auto factories tions are far from guaranteed for un­ big profits. In many cases the work force has work three shifts around the clock, employed workers and executives." It does so by consolidating and re­ been reduced suddenly and brutally but auto workers say they ready have The companies and institutions that ducing the number of publications. by the closing of antiquated plants two big gangs, one quitting and the were laying off or reducing the work­ Newspaper publishing is likewise a or otherwise unprofitable operations. other being hired in. Between the two force by not hiring include General "healthy" business. But the number of In other circumstances, it has taken they somehow manage to fill out the Foods, the Norden division of United newspapers and magazines is shrink­ place gradually by attrition. three shifts and knock out the cars. Aircraft, New York University, New ing as unprofitable publications are In the longshore industry, giant­ The auto companies are looking for York Telephone, the Central Railroad eliminated. This will continue. sized cargo containers are now lifted ways to make these workers happy of New Jersey, Gulf Oil, R. R. Don­ The New York survey of plant from ship to train to truck, thus elim- without changing the work pace. nelley & Sons (printers), and Frank- Continued on page 22

12 A weekly international supplement to The Militant based on selections from Intercontinental Press, a newsmagazine reflecting the viewpoint of revolutionary socialism.

FEBRUARY 16, 1973

Australia pressed "official concern" over the boy­ cott. The U. S. administration had an­ other card up its sleeve. The Ameri­ Antiwar boycott embarrassed Nixon can government informed the Austra­ lian embassy that a big union would By Sol Salby any US equipment, boycott American reasonable measure. But all sections retaliate against the seamen's ban. The goods and ban the entry of US films." of the bourgeois media -vehemently Nixon administration's knowledge of attacked the union ban. Even those Sydney Australian trade unionists didn't the retaliatory ban of the Internat~onal The Sydney Morning Herald sum­ Both the political and industrial have to be advised by Senator Giet­ Longshoremen's Association (ILA) wings of the Australian labor move­ zelt on the action they should take. marised the employers' horror at the on Australian -shipping before it ment responded in a new way to Nix­ Even before the senator made his new developments in a New Year's was publicly announced convinced on's latest Vietnam escalation. The statement, the Seamen's Union de­ Day editorial entitled "Into 1973." the Labor ministry that it was ar­ old Liberal-Country party govern­ clared all U. S. ships black and re­ These representatives of the conserva­ ranged by the u~ s. administration. ment used to slavishly support all fused to man the tugboats to lead tive wing of the ruling class lamented: While Australia's support for U.S. escalations. Its sole criticism was re­ them into any Australian port. The . "The language used by senior mem­ policies on Vietnam has ended, the Seamen's Union was soon joined by served for those occasions when it bers of the Australian Government ALP bureaucrats very soon were back­ felt the U.S. administration wasn't go­ the Waterside Workers Federation, about the US is the language hitherto tracking under pressure from the ing far enough. which represents the longshoremen. reserved to Moscow and Peking. One domestic bourgeoisie and the Nixon Ten unions signed a declaration Under mass pressure the new Labor minister describes the Nixon Adminia­ administration. For some time Whit­ party government reacted quite dif­ threatening to take direct action tration as 'maniacs' and threatens the lam refused to make any public com­ ferently. Prime Minister Gough Whit­ against U.S. economic interests if the US with commercial and military ment on the unions' ban or his min­ bombing did not cease. They sug­ sanctions. Another denounces Ameri­ lam sent a "strongly worded protest isters statements. The role of forcing gested a total embargo on all com­ note" to Nixon. The text of the note, ca's 'naked aggression' and backs the unions to retreat was left mercial and industrial activities by however, wasn't made public. Other street demonstration against her." to ACTU's President Hawke. He im­ U.S. interests in Australia. In a simi­ Australian capitalists were not the ministers were more outspoken. mediately conferred with Whitlam and lar move the western Australia branch Dr. Cairns, chairman of the Vic­ only ones offended. Nixon and Kissin­ Seamen's Union Secretary Elliot V. toria Vietnam Moratorium Committee, of the Amalgamated Postal Workers ger didn't appreciate being referred Elliott. Elliott is a member of the who as secondary industry and over­ Union demanded that the federal to as maniacs. Diplomatic relations Socialist party of Australia- a pro­ seas trade minister is the most senior union ban all mail to and from the between the two countries became Moscow group that split from minister after Whitlam and Deputy United States. The Building Trades strained. Being used to the servile role the "independent" Communist party of Prime Minister Barnard, issued a Group in New South Wales threatened played by Australia under the Lib­ Australia. · statement scoring Nixon's policy that a complete ban on the extensive U.S. erals, Nixon exerted maximum pres­ was reported in the December 22 Syd­ building interests. sure on the Australian government. The unprincipled position of the SPA ney Morning Herald. Two ships were immediately affected U.S. Ambassador Walter Rice tried and the CPA, which has strong influ­ "I say to the Nixon administration: by the ban; the Austral Envoy and on three separate occasions to pro­ ence in the Waterside Workers Fed­ 'Stop your attack on the Vietnamese the Monterey. For several days they test directly to Whitlam. On two oc­ eration, led them to accept the "righf' people. Leave them alone. Take your were unable to dock. Both passengers casions his protest had to be delivered of the U. S. to negotiate the fate of armed forces home.'" and crew were unable to reach the to someone else as Whitlam "wasn't Vietnam, ignoring the Vietnamese peo­ As for the negotiations, the state­ shore. available." Meanwhile Henry Kissin­ ples' right to self-determination and ment continued: Labour Minister Cameron refused to ger himself called on the Australian tacitly accept a U. S. "right" to "They were used for electoral pur­ commefit on the unions' ban, making embassy in Washington and lectured maintain a presence in Vietnam. This poses. Now [that] they have served it clear that it was a union affair. the staff on the merits of the bombings. provided an opening for Hawke. those purposes the war goes on and Jim Cairns thought the ban was a Secretary of State Rogers also ex- Hawke simply argued that since the bombings and killings are inten­ talks have resumed, the way to peace sified." is open and there is no need to main­ In a later statement Cairns char­ tain the ban. An ACTU recommenda­ acterized the bombing as "the most How Communist parties defaulted tion to the seamen was carried unan­ brutal, indiscriminate slaughter of de­ The powerful action of the Communist Party's newspaper imously by a mass meeting of sea­ fenseless men, women, and t:hildren Australian and Italian dockers I'Humanite. Rouge posed the men on January 9. The ban was lifted. in living memory." He and fellow La­ Whitlam has cracked down on his who voted to boycott all U.S. question: "These U.S. ships bor Senator W. W. Brown called on ministers, barring them from making the people of Melbourne to attend an ships as a protest against the that were not able to unload . any statements on foreign affairs. antiwar demonstration on December Vietnam war was an inspiring in Genoa, what recourse did However, the labor-movement re­ 31. example to the international they find? Some French port, sponse to Nixon's murderous escala­ Labour Minister Clyde Cameron, antiwar movement. But it perhaps." tion had some long-term effects. The also a senior minister, went further; raised the question, Why Rouge refers to an appeal antiwar movement, armed with new he charged that the people in control haven't the mass Communist of the Federation Syndicale support, is showing signs of recovering of U.S. policy were "maniacs." He too from a period of dormancy. Whitlam and Socialist parties of Europe Mondiale (FSM- World Trade­ condemned the "murderous bombing committed himself in his January 9 and in other countries encour­ of Hanoi." Union Federation) calling on press conference to taking public ac­ According to a report in the Jan­ aged such powerful antiwar ac­ all workers to boycott the pro­ tion if the bombing of Hanoi should uary 1 Sydney Morning Herald La­ tions previously? They certain­ duction and transport of U.S. resume. bor Senator Arthur Gietzelt, speaking ly have enough influence in arms and munitions destined Whitlam also stated: "I'd like to em­ at a Sydney antiwar rally on New the trade unions to do so. for Indochina. Rouge asks, phasize that our party, our govern­ Year's Eve, said that the government The January 20 issue of "What did the leadership of ment has a mandate to do all it can should be persuaded to "appropriate to stop the continuation of this war. the CGT (Confederation Gene­ all land owned by US companies in Rouge, newspaper of the I hope this is quite clear to every­ Australia. French section of the Fourth ral du Travail-General Fed­ one here and abroad." "Ban the entry of all US citizens International, noted that the ex­ eration of Labor, led by the The January 10 Sydney Morr.:ng unless they are publicly associated emplary action by the Italian Communist Party) do to apply Herald reported that ACTU President with the antiwar movement. dockers was worth only four the instructions of the FSM? Hawke had stated the ACTU would "Unionists should refuse to unload lines of coverage in the French Nothing, absolutely nothing." consider a further ban against U. S. US ships, refuel US planes and repair ships in the event of new bombings. World Outlook W0/2

Irish republicans debate perspectives for building a revolutionary party By Gerry Foley the 6 Counties. While fully supporting tradicted by the whole experience ofthe democratic demands, revolutionary Marxist movement in the period of The dominant theme of the discus­ Socialists must also raise demands the general crisis of capitalism but sion at the Sinn Fein (Official re­ which point to the specific interests of by the specific experience of the revo­ publican) convention December 16-17 the working class throughout Ireland. lutionary movement in Ireland, and in Dublin concerned building a revo­ Therefore more attention must be this is clearly explained in the works lutionary party. This objective was focused on employment, bad housing, of the greatest Irish socialist thinker, set in the keynote speech last year at weak Trade Union organisation and James Connolly. the June 24 Bodenstown march, the other such issues which are common The point on "international capital­ largest annual gathering of republi­ to the working class. While British ism" in the Donegal CC's resolution cans, by Sean Garland, the national troops are present in the 6 Counties, also touched on a weakness of re­ organizer of Sinn Fein. The December we must continue to demand their im­ publican policy in the past: meeting was viewed as preliminary to mediate withdrawal and oppose their "The Republican Movement rightly a special convention next April to dis­ presence by all means." _, recognises that international capital­ cuss a major reorganization of the This section pf the Donegal CC's ist domination of Ireland is the main Unemployed march inside walls of Derry City d movement. resolution, however, illustrates some obstacle to progress. However, the movement propose a retreat from building such A As they set their sights toward mak­ of the basic weaknesses of the discus­ anti-EEC [European Common Mar­ that they infuriate the Protestants. ing a socialist revolution, the republi­ sion. The implications of the various ket] campaign suggested that therewas can leaders found themselves faced points were by no means made clear. a possible alternative within an Irish with more and more complex prob­ capitalist context. The struggle against internal free expression and discussion lems and tasks, and it has become international capitalism necessarily between members of divergent points evident that a loose organization with brings us up against native capital· of view. The need therefore for internal vague political positions is not ism. The movement failed to point democracy is evident. Externally, each adequate to this work. This realiza­ out that the only real alternative to member should speak with the voice tion was spelled out in the Ard the Common Market was the estab­ of the majority as expressed through Comhairle (National Committee) reso­ lishment of a Socialist Republic. As the Ard Fheis. This could be summed lution on organization and structure: capitalism is international, Socialism up as full democracy inside and abso­ "Sinn Fein recognises that its fore­ must also be seen in an international lute discipline outside. most organisational task is the crea­ context, i.e., the struggle for a So­ "These proposals are presented as tion of a revolutionary party of the cialist Republic within a Socialist Eur­ ideas towards a revolutionary pro­ Irish working-class to act as the van­ ope. It is not the task of Socialists gramme. We call on the incoming Ard guard in the social and national revo­ to sort out the capitalist alternative. Comhairle to draw up a detailed plan lutionary struggle on which we are ''We must therefore oppose the ef­ of action on these proposals. The engaged. The revolutionary vanguard fects of international capitalism, e.g. movement must now consciously de­ party cannot be an umbrella organisa­ massive redundancies, with calls for velop a revolutionary programme as tion embracing different ideologies, workers' action not with Utopian calls part of the process of becoming a and we affirm the need to intensify for more protection for Irish industries, truly revolutionary organisation." our development towards ideological etc." Despite this general appeal for free unity and clarity within our Move­ This point is also a good one in discussion, however, none of· the ment on the basis of our educational a general sense, but the authors of speakers in the debate commented on programme. This can only be done the resolution do not say how they the fact that there was no concrete on the basis of democratic centralism; would have organized the anti-E:EC discussion of the movement's two main democratic in that all decisions are campaign to make the "socialist al­ activities, the campaign against the taken on the basis of the fullest con­ ternative" concrete to the non­ EEC and the civil-rights movement. sultation with and participation of the proletarian popular strata in Ireland There was no report by a member of membership; centralist in that all Boys taunt Scots guardsman or to the masses of workers who have the leadership responsible for these decisions are implemented from top to been inculcated with a capitalist out­ areas of activity. What was achieved? bottom and that minorities accept the look. In every country there are What were the problems? What does view of majorities on all matters of For instance, no revolutionist could groupings who are quick to say the republican movement project, in policy. We therefore call upon the in­ dispute the fact that presenting "Civil "socialism is the only answer" to every particular, for the Northern Ireland coming Ard Comhairle to set up a Rights" and "democratisation de­ problem that arises but who cannot Civil Rights Association? As a result working committee to examine the mands" in "isolation from the revolu­ relate their demands and slogans to of these deficiencies the debate was organisational structure of the Repub­ tionary process" has been a grave the concrete experience and under­ rambling and contradictory and noth­ lican Movement, to produce its draft error, probably the gravest the repub­ standing of the people. ing was clarified. report within three months." lican movement has made in its recent In particular the rejection of These are important questions. The While these organizational changes history. "Utopian calls for more protection for civil-rights movement has been the were being considered, the level of But the statement that the "call for Irish industries" is vague. In every main motor of the struggle in the political discussion rose in the Official democracy in itself presents no threat underdeveloped country, socialist North. That organization is now republican movement. The convention ·to the capitalist interests in the 6 revolutions have resulted in reinforced clearly on the decline. was unanimous in endorsing the cor­ Counties" seems to isolate the demand measures to protect and foster indus­ There were two tendencies in the rectness of the basic policy followed for democratization from the revolu­ trialization. Do the authors of this discussion at the ard fheis concern­ in the past period, that is, concen­ tionary process in another way. It is resolution think that a socialist revo­ ing tactics in the civil rights struggle. trating on revolutionary political ac­ hardly true that the call for democracy lution can only be made in the con­ One tendency was to stress the ne­ tivity and mass organization as op­ in the Northern Ireland context does text of all or a major part of Europe? cessity of avoiding Catholic-Protestant posed to the old apolitical guerrilla­ not threaten capitalism. It has This is not clear. On the other hand, clashes in the North at all cost. An­ ist outlook of the Irish Republican produced the most acute cnsts the idea that in the age of late im­ other tendency recognized that any Army. At the same time, the formula­ presently faced by any European capi­ perialism a real independent Irish movement that challenged the system tion of specific policies and demands talist regime. capitalist development is possible in the North was going to provoke came under deepgoing criticism. In this context, the call for raising would certainly be "Utopian." communal conflict. The Donegal Comhairle Ceanntair revolutionary ''working-class" de­ In this sense, the resolution's point If the first tendency is carried to its (District Committee) presented the mands, while axiomatically correct, that "our involvement in defence of logical conclusions, it would mean broadest critique of previous policy. seems to imply that economic struggle small farmers and other oppressed abandoning the main slogan that has Its resolution dealt with all the major as such is something separate and groups must be designed to raise the been advanced for several months by areas of activity. On the North it said: higher than democratic or political consciousness to the need for Social­ the republican movement, "Back to . "This Ard Fheis [the convention] struggle against imperialism. In fact, ism" is absolutely correct. the Streets." If the Officials accepted must recognise that the policy to date making such a counterposition would Likewise the point on internal edu­ such a position, it would mean the in the North has been misdirected in destroy the whole meaning of the term cation and democracy was very posi­ end, in effect, of their strategy of mo­ so far as the Civil Rights and "revolutionary process" and substitute tive: bilizing the masses in Northern Ire­ democratisation demands have been a static, sectarian schema. "It is essential that the Movement land, since the experience of the past presented in isolation rather than as At the same time, the idea that there intensify its internal educational pro­ four years has shown abundantly that part of the revolutionary process. It are some kind of economic demands gramme at central and local level to any action by the nationalists to pro­ should be clearly understood that the that appeal equally to all sections of develop the political consciousness of test against the system is going to up­ call for democracy in itself presents the working class in a sense that demo­ its members. The clandestine history set the Protestants. Certainly such an no threat to the capitalist interests in cratic demands don't is not only con- of the Movement has tended to stifle important change should have be~ W0/3

is a dialectical process that involves political clarification, and therefore struggle, as well as united action on common goals. Refusal to face politi­ Argentina cal issues that are necessarily divisive leads to throwing up artificial barriers that cause confusion and disorienta­ tion and in the long run lead to far worse divisions. The republican split New threat is at least partially an example of this. The fact that the stated political pro­ to political grams of both the Officials and Provi­ sionals are almost exactly the same • has not prevented the most confusing pr1soners and destructive kind of factional war­ fare (and physical warfare in some Cordoba instances) between the two groups. Several hundred political prisoners At the same time the political un­ of the Argentine dictatorship recent­ clarity and uncertainty of the Official ly terminated hunger strikes they had republican movement has produced maintained for up to 18 days. The a sectarian, isolationist reaction to the strikes were conducted to denounce political threat posed by the Provi­ and bring national attention to the sionals. This attitude, among other cruel and inhuman treatment of the things, seems to have led the republi­ political prisoners. For a number of cans to fear open political conflict with days, family members and relatives their Communist party allies in the of the prisoners and various politi­ civil-rights movement. The result has cal groups and youth organizations er, !the occupation by British troops in August 1970. Some in the Republican been that the militancy and effective­ joined the hunger strikes. .ss octions in the streets for civil rights and other demands, on the grounds ness of the movement have declined, At the Rawson penitentiary, the weakening the mass alternative to ter­ striking prisoners abstained even from rorism and increasing support for the drinking liquids for several days. As the strike came to an end, a score made very clear at the ard fheis and The main criticism the preamble Provisionals' guerrilla campaign. were in an emergency prison ward, debated fully. On the other hand, if made of previous republican policy The civil-rights question is the acid having lost an average of 22 pounds the Official republicans oppose such toward the civil-rights movement was test for Irish political organizations. each. decisions, then it should be made clear that the Officials had appeared to con­ Not only does it remain the central Some 700 prisoners around the who is responsible for them; other­ issue in the North, but the fight against fine their objectives to the civil-rights country have been termed "extremely wise the blame will fall on them, since repression has become the key to the demands and not put forward clearly dangerous" under the recently dictated they are known to be the strongest political situation in the South. Be­ enough their own revolutionary na­ Law 19.863. The legislation applies political force in the CRA. - _ cause of the political and social mech­ tionalist program. The civil-rights de­ "without exception to all political pris­ At the ard fheis a major resolution mands alone, according to the pre­ anisms of imperialist control in Ire­ oners whether they be condemned, on the civil-rights movement was in­ amble, fitted in with the Communist land, and because of the revolution­ processed, or merely held on suspi­ troduced which clarified the policy of party's perspective of reform rather ary traditions of the Irish people, the cion at the disposition of the National the Official republican movement on than revolution. struggle against repression and dis­ Executive Power." crimination is the cutting edge of the some issues: "The Republican Move­ This was a correct assessment of The law dictates a special treatment fight against imperialism. In fact, the ment could not under any circum­ a very dangerous tendency. But at for these "dangerous criminals," most civil-rights movement is an anti-impe­ stances call for the reestablishment of the same time it was not a well-bal­ of whom are under 30 years old. rialist movement in essence, and this a 6 County parliament. To do so anced one. The civil-rights demands This treatment consists of permanent is becoming clearer and clearer as would mean total recognition of Brit­ were not reformist in effect. Their im­ seclusion in solitary cells in almost the British army assumes a more and total isolation from the world out­ ain's right to impose a Partitionist pact was revolutionary. They pro­ more active role in repressing the na­ side, and even inside, the prison walls. assembly on the Irish people, and duced the most powerful mass mo­ tionalist people. Economic issues un­ The Argentine Federation of Psy­ would be in complete conflict with the bilization in modern Irish history. derlie this struggle, and as it develops, chiatrists pointed out that this treat­ Republican and Separatist tradition." What was reformist was the CP's de­ its economic implications will become ment "limits the prisoners to a per­ This resolution made it clear that al~ termination to formulate these de­ even clearer. But the political issues manent syndrome of sensory priva­ though the Official republican move­ mands in a way that specifically and ment favored demanding democratic of democracy and an end to discrim­ tion that gives rise to grave mental explicitly accepted the framework of ination are the focus. disturbances." rights from the British government bourgeois parliamentary democracy, There is another reason why it is The suppression of all human con­ and Northern Irish authorities, it did British control and the partition, in important for the Official republican tact, the confinement, and the uncer­ not accept the context of a Northern a way that imposed narrow limits movement to define its strategy for tainty prescribed by the regulations statelet. In effect, this resolution re­ on the dynamic of the struggle. Be­ the civil-rights movement. It would obviously are designed not just to jected the "stages" concept earlier held sides failing to put forward its own be a dangerous and almost certainly punish, but to damage if not destroy on one level or another by some of revolutionary demands in propagan­ unfruitful policy to try to separate the personality of the victims and to the republican leadership, a concept da and agitation, the republican reorganization of the movement from eliminate completely any trace of re­ that envisaged "democratization" of the movement did not fight the Commu­ clarification of the basic political is­ bellion. Six-County state as a precondition for nist party politically in the Civil Visits with family members and law­ sues and solution of the concrete polit­ struggling for national liberation. Rights Association itself and thus al­ yers are few and far between. At the ical problems facing the Official re­ In particular, the preamble to this lowed the movement to be robbed of Rawson penitentiary, visitorsaremade publicans. Democratic centralism can resolution represented a major step its revolutionary momentum. This, to wait for hours before being per­ only function in the context of agree­ forward in republican thinking toward among other things, is what left the mitted to see the prisoners and must ment on the fundamental political a consistent revolutionary perspective. way open for the development of ter­ shout across a long double-barred hall questions. It requires a leadership Unfortunately this document was not rorism in the North, which further ac­ at them. The prohibition of even the distributed; but many of those present celerated the decline of the mass move­ elected on the basis of clear political most minimal contact with family seemed to be familiar with its con­ ment. positions, a leadership that assumes members has reached the extreme tents. The main objection to making Thus, while the preamble reasserted full responsibility to. the ranks for its limits demonstrated by the case of it public seemed to be that it contained and clarified the revolutionary prin­ political actions. Otherwise, centralism the five-year-old blind son of a pris­ a characterization of the Communist ciples of the Official republican move­ becomes a straitjacket instead of a oner. The boy is forbidden physical party as reformist, which was repeat­ ment, it did not come to grips with the weapon, represses discussion rather contact with his father, virtually the ed in the open debate by the resolu­ concrete form in which reformist in­ than making it more fruitful and pur­ only way he can recognize him. poseful. tion's sponsor, Seamus Costello. fluence has manifested itself and has The situation is so outrageous that These remarks were attacked by oth­ It is unlikely, in fact, given the stage had its most pernicious effects. It did the Federal Court of Rosario declared er delegates as "red-baiting," although of the Official movement's political de­ not chart a militant course for the various articles of the political pris­ it was quite clear that Costello was velopment that a real democratic cen­ civil-rights movement. oner law unconstitutional December objecting to the politics of the Com­ tralist organization can be set up by 29. The treatment outlined in this munist party and not its right to exist Of course, the December ard fheis the April conference. But this meeting law is specifically prohibited in Ar­ or to take part in the struggle for did not say the last word about re­ can establish structures and proced­ ticle 18 of the Argentine constitution, national and social liberation. It was publican policies. It was only another ures conducive to a better discussion the same constitution the military the protesters in fact who followed step in a deepgoing discussion that within the movement. And while revo­ dictatorship purports to defend. the method of red-baiting, that is, us­ has been in progress for some time lutionists everywhere support all It also directly violates the Univer­ ing emotional scare words to obscure and has already gone further than movements in Ireland fighting against sal Declaration of Human Rights the political issues. They would have the public statements of the movement British imperialism, they cannot help Argentina signed in the United Na-. made a more positive contribution to and its spokesmen would give any but feel a special concern about this tions. As a result of the universal the debate by frankly defending the reason to hope. But the failure of most serious attempt in Irish history condemnation of these terrible injus­ Communist party of Ireland against the preamble to deal directly with the to set up a mass revolutionary party. tices, ·the regime has announced that the charge of reformism. In the long deficiencies of both the civil-rights This is especially so since the chances a number of reforms and improve­ run this is the only way they will movement itself and its effective leader­ for an effective and united struggle ments will be made. 0 be able to retain the respect of the ship sets a dangerous precedent. against imperialism hinge to a large membership. The fact is that unity on the left degree on the success of this effort. 0 World Outlook W0/4

World news notes Armenian youth denounce Black workers strike in S. Africa A wave of strikes by Black workers-who comprise 80 percent nat'l oppression in Turkey of the lab or force- has the South African government worried. Black workers have struck six companies in the port city of Dur­ [One struggle of an oppressed na­ dates back 3,000 years to be their ban. The latest strike involved 3,000 textile workers. Earlier, 1,000 tionality that is not well known in the own; this culture is most definitely employees of a brick and tile factory went on strike and staged United States is that of the Armenian Armenian. a mass demonstration for their demands for a wage increase. "Hun­ people in Thrkey. Their plight re­ Thrkey's present military fascist re­ dreds of marching and chanting workers began gathering at dawn ceived some attention on the West gime, which is heavily supported by in Durban streets," reported a January 9 Agence France-Presse Coast last November, when 51 Ar­ the tax dollars of the American peo­ dispatch from Durban. menians were arrested on a demon­ ple, continues its historical policies of stration in Los Angeles. They were the oppression of the minorities in protesting at a banquet held by the Thrkey, especially the Armenians and 25,000 honor Cabral in Guinea Thrkish-American Society to celebrate the Kurds. These minorities and even the forty-ninth anniversary of the many Thrkish groups are denied their Twenty-five thousand people jammed into a stadium in Conakry, founding of the Thrkish republic. civil and human rights as citizens of Guinea, for the funeral of Amilcar Cabral, the leader of the African [For the information of our read­ Thrkey. There is a policy of -the Party for the Independence of Guinea and the Cape Verde Islands ers, we are printing the following ma­ elimination of these minorities through (PAIGC). Cabral was murdered Jan. 20, reportedly by agents of jor excerpts from a statement of the forced turkification for the purpose Portuguese colonialism. Armenian Youth Federation's Politi­ of resolving the various minorities' Sekou Toure, the president of Guinea (Conakry)-which borders cal Action Committee. The statement historical and contemporary prob­ on Portuguese-held Guinea (Bissau), presided over the ceremony. describes the history of the oppres­ lems. There were delegations from many Black African and Arab states sion of the Armenians in Thrkey .] This regime also rakes in every year as well as Eastern European nations, China, and North Vietnam. millions of U. S. tax dollars to sup­ Among the speakers were Cabral's brother, Vasco; lmamu Amiri ~Thrkey is celebrating the forty-ninth posedly destroy the opium crop fields. Baraka of the Congress of African People in the U.S.; and Pedro anniversary of the founding of its re­ In reality this money is being used Soarez of the underground Portuguese Communist Party. public by Moustafa Kemal. The gov­ to grow an even larger crop of opi­ ernment of Thrkey is propagandizing um, which eventually finds its way that Thrkey is honoring a great page into the hands of the youth of Amer­ Indictments in Israeli 'spy' trial in its history, and they are also prais­ ica, compliments of U.S. tax money. Four Israeli Arabs and two Jews were indicted January 25 in ing their present regime. As usual, It is for these various reasons that the "espionage and sabotage network" case. the Thrkish government fails to ex­ we condemn, denounce, and refute the Daoud Turki, Ehud Adiv, Subhi Naarani, Dan Vered, Anis Ka­ plain the historical events which oc­ celebration of the forty-ninth anni­ rawi, and Simon Hadad were specifically charged, according to curred prior to the establishment of versary of the Thrkish republic. It the January 26 Jerusalem Post, with "membership in a hostile or­ the republic by Mou.stafa Kemal, and is an oppressive and dictatorial re­ ganization, contacts with enemy agents, giving them information, they are also distorting the present gime bent on destroying its minority and aiding the enemy in the war against Israel." government's policies in Thrkey. The groups. D The government is charging that although Daoud Turki, an Arab Thrkish government conveniently fails from Haifa, was the head of the "network," it was Ehud Adiv, a to mention that the Thrkish republic was established in 1923 following one former paratrooper in the Israeli army, who "did the most damage of the bloodiest pages in history. to the State by passing on vital military information to the Syrian After the genocide of the Armenian intelligence." This would indicate that the regime will, in the trial, people by the Young Thrks during deliberately focus on the Jewish defendants in order to intensify 1915-1917, Kemal dealt the final blow the witch-hunt that has been whipped up around discovery of the to the tiny Republic of Armenia and alleged "network." annexed three major provinces to the The brief Jerusalem Post report of the indictments provides a Thrkish republic. Kemal, not being further indication of this: "Not on trial but figuring prominently satisfied with his shaky position as the in the charges is the extreme left-wing Matzpen group, which the Thrkish leader, massacred other mi­ prosecution calls the 'recruiting ground' for the alleged spy ring. norities; the Greeks in 1922 at Smyrna, Also mentioned is an even more extreme splinter group, the Red and later in the same year 200,000 Front." The prosecution has announced that twenty-four additional per­ Kurds were murdered or deported. If you think you really know what's These murdered numbers added on sons would soon be indicted in the case. Several of those seized going on in Ireland today, you might to the 1.5 million Armenians who have charged the police with torturing several of the prisoners. try the following test: perished during the genocide makes Judge Emanuel Slonim of the Haifa District court has' set Feb­ the number of people killed by the • What were the main topics of dis­ ruary 11 for hearing the pleas and February 25 for the first hear­ Thrks prior and during the founding cussion at the recent convention of the ing. of the republic nearly 3 million people. Official Republican movement? While the big powers, insensitive to • What are the major differences be­ the outcry of the starving mothers tween the Officials and the Pro­ Canadian Young/ Socialists meet and orphaned children, debated who visionals today? The Canadian revolutionary socialist youth organization, the would control the rich oil fields of the • What is the strength of the Repub­ Young Socialists-Ligue des Jeunes Socialistes, held its national con­ Near East. the Thrkish republic was licans, and the nationalist population, vention December 28-31 in Toronto. Nearly 250 young people founded in the wake of 3 million in the North today? attended. Following a seven-month preconvention discussion pe­ deaths and built on millions of dol­ • Insofar as their political outlook riod, the convention dealt with the international situation, including lars of personal property damage, de­ is concerned, what important changes the developments in the Vietnam war; a critique of the guerrilla struction of irreplaceable manuscripts, warfare strategy; the stage of the radicalization of Canadian youth; and the destruction of sacred monu­ have occurred in the Official ranks? strategy for the women's liberation movement; and analysis of ments. The fact that the Thrkish re­ If you were able to answer these the Quebec nationalist struggle and last spring's upsurge of the public was founded on the ashes of questions correctly, you probably read Quebec workers movement. the Armenian, Greek, and Kurdish the United Irishman, An Phoblacht, the According to a report in the February issue of the Young So­ communities, which comprised a ma­ Starry Plough, the Irish Times, and cialist, the journal of the YS/LJS, "a full discussion was held on jor proportion of the population, is several Gaelic-language monthlies. the contradiction between the deepening radicalization of students purposely not mentioned by the Thrk­ Either that, or you read Intercontinen­ and the present pause in mass activity." Leaders of the YS/LJS ish government so as not to blur or tal Press. distort its world image as an ally analyzed the reasons for the lull in activity and predicted that since If you flunked the test, we'd like to of the Free World. none of the basic contradictions giving rise to the student radical­ suggest a subscription to Intercontinen­ As the heir of the despotic Thrk­ ization have been solved, new struggles are bound to break out. tal Press. It's the only American weekly ish sultans, throughout its 49-year According to the Young Socialist, "a debate ... on the role of history, the Thrkish republic with its that consistently covers movements students in the revolutionary process occurred throughout the six oppressive regime has subjected the like the struggle to free Ireland. Be· hour discussion" under the general political report. Armenians and the other minority sides news analysis and interviews, The convention heard written greetings from sections or sym­ groups to cruel persecutions. Arme­ lnt~rcontinental Press regularly pub­ pathizing organizations of the Fourth International in nine coun­ nians are forced to lose their ethnic lishes the documents of the struggle tries, as well as greetings in person from representatives of the identity in Thrkey. The government itself. Send $7.50 for six months. Young Socialist Alliance in the United States, the Communist League of Thrkey is carrying out a concen­ in France, and the Socialist Youth Alliance in Australia. trated effort toward "turkifying" Arme­ In his message of solidarity, Geoff Mirelowitz of the YSA said nian historical landmarks and monu­ INTERCONTINENTAL PRESS that "we in the U.S. have learned from the important activities ments. P. 0. Box 116, Village Station and analysis" of the Canadian revolutionary socialist movement, Distorting history, the Thrks, who New York, N.Y. 10014 especially in regard to the Quebec national struggle, revolutionary as a barbaric nomad conquered Ar­ tactics in the Canadian labor party, the New Democratic Party, menia only in the sixteenth century and in the women's liberation movement. and the protests against A. D., are now claiming a culture that the Amchitka atomic bomb test. tion is being railroaded. You've al­ fense Service involves rousing fellow to maintain a facade of justice. They ready been convicted in their eyes. inmates to an awareness that they do would like to see demonstrations of By DEBBY WOODROOFE They've already passed judgment on have certain legal rights. They would thousands of indignant New Yorkers The cells are cold and drafty in the you." like to see a law library on every outside the Tombs. "People picket the winter, sweltering and foul smelling Unable to obtain more than the floor of the Tombs and classes on rodeos because the animals are treat­ in the summer. The sinks, toilets, and most cursory consultation with law­ constitutional rights. ed badly. Well, what about their fel­ showers are frequently inoperative. It yers, inmates are told that the best Referring to the passivity that the low human beings inside here?" Tim­ is not unusual to find hair and mouse strategy is to plead guilty to a lesser prison system attempts to implant in buk asked. In the cubicle across from ours, Ri­ cardo DeLeon- one of the Tombs Three who was acquitted last August of charges of leading the 1970 prison Inside the Tombs rebellion- was -consulting with his lawyer. Gesturing in DeLeon's direc­ tion, James asserted it was the pub­ lic attention generated by that trial that led to that milestone victory. He went on to speculate on the tre­ ·cruel I unusual ounishmem· mendous impact it would have on -trial deliberations if the Black and excrement in the food. Medical atten­ Puerto Rican communities in New tion is perfunctory and difficult to York were to fill the courtrooms each come by. There are severe restrictions day. Timbuk Pyles concurred, urging, on visiting and mailing rights. The "People must come down here and sadistic brutality of the guards is leg­ see what the district attorney is doing endary. Inmates must wait an average to us in their name when he says, of six months, and sometimes more 'We the people.... '" than two years, simply to come to The very background of our inter­ trial. And the structure intended to house 902 men now holds more than view confirms the importance of bring­ 1,300. ing public pressure to bear against the prison system. The Militant has These are some of the allegations been fighting for the right to inter­ of a· class-action suit the Legal Aid view Tombs inmates since last July. Society recently filed on behalf of in­ At that time, I was informed by Al mates at the Manhattan House of De­ Castro, director of public relations for tention for Men (the Tombs). Charg­ the department of corrections, that ing that confinement in the Tombs only papers of "general public inter­ represents "cruel and unusual punish­ est" were granted press privileges, and ment," the suit asserts that the deten­ that The Militant did not qualify. "I'm tion center should be shut down "un­ sure you understand," he told me, "that til such time as it can be made safe, we can't allow any group that has sanitary and decent for inmates." a mimeograph machine in its base­ On Jan. 12, Betti Sachs and myself ment in here." went into the Tombs to interview four It was only when Castro was told Black inmates who are leaders of the that The Militant was ready to fight fight to improve conditions there. The Scene from 1970 Tombs rebellion. 'This is my life. I've got to stand up and fight for for this right in court that he backed visit took place in the Tombs cham­ my human rights and not let these people take me like this'- Eugene James. down and agreed to set up a press ber- a serie$ of glass-enclosed cu­ visit with inmates of our choosing. bicles to which inmates are brought charge. They are given the impres­ its victims, Sonni Pyles told us, "Most Even then, however, Castro resorted to speak to their attorneys and the sion that this is their only hope. As of the men think they can't appeal. to other time-buying ploys. When in­ press. Martinez said, "They get angry if you They think the Tombs is their last formed The Militant wanted to inter­ The cubicle contained the bare es­ try to say anything on your own stop. The prison takes the fight out view members of the Inmate Defense sentials- a table, several straight behalf." And should inmates attempt of them and before they know it, they Service, Castro claimed they had just chairs, and a framed tone-setting doc­ to contest their innocence, they en­ are sent upstate for 20 years for a been transferred upstate. "You don't ument headed "Article 25 - Escape counter barriers in reaching the nec­ crime they didn't commit." want to interview them anyway," he and other offenses related to custody." essary witnesses. He went on to describe the devas­ told me. "All the other papers hilVe The guards paced up and down out­ tating effect this can have on a man's side as we spoke. James's experience is an example already interviewed them. Why don't future. "It's hard1enough for a Black The inmates- Sonni Pyles, Timbuk of this. He is in the Tombs on a you talk to some other inmates that man to survive in this society as it Pyles, Eugene James, and Frank Mar­ trumped-up homicide charge. When he never get interviewed." is, without having the added scratch tinez- had come into contact with The demanded to know what evidence Declining his offer of presumably of having been a convict." Militant through their support to the hand-picked inmates, The Militant per­ The Inmate Defense Service has also Socialist Workers Party 1972 presi­ sisted in attempting to reach mem­ attempted to reach out beyond the dential campaign. They are members bers of the Defense Service, who turned walls of the Tombs. They have gath­ of the Inmate Defens-e Service, a group out to have been in the Tombs all ered names on countless petitions to the Pyles brothers initiated in 1971. along. Finally Castro arranged the Mayor Lindsay and others. They Its aim is to extend basic civil and interview. have written Congress. They have sent The inmates we spoke to are con­ human rights to prisoners. releases to the New York press. At vinced that it is only because of their Martinez and James followed the ex­ the moment, they are discussing le­ contact with influential groups out­ ample of Malcolm X and began their gal action to win the right of inmates side of the Tombs that they are still study of law after their arrival at pris­ to vote, and the right of all political alive. The prison system has its way on. But the Pyles have long been con­ candidates, including radicals, to Continued on page 22 cerned with legal rights. Originally speak to inmates and inspect the de­ from Mississippi, their father was what tention facilities. they term "an undercover country law­ yer." "It had better be undercover for a Black man to be a lawyer in Mis­ Although deeply concerned with win­ sissippi," said Sonni Pyles. He would ning whatever concessions they can give legal counsel to Blacks who faced that will make prison life more tol­ having their land taken from them erable, the goals of the Defense Ser­ by white racists, and it was from him vice go beyond this. "We don't want that Sonni and Timbuk first developed to make the Detention House no home. their interest in law. A pretty jail is still a jail," James said. The Pyleses were sent to the Tombs The group also seeks to create pub­ to face trial for the robbery of a store lic· awareness of the inequities of a next door to the New York hotel in society that will sentence a Black per­ which they were living. "I'd be pass­ Timbuk Pyles Militant/Debby Woodroofe son to life for some petty crime, and ing by that store everyday. Why let ruling class whites such as the Frank Martinez would I be so stupid as to rob it?" war criminal Nixon and those behind Timbuk Pyles asked bitterly. there was against him, he was curtly the Watergate scandal go free. They The Tombs is a detention center informed, "Someone saw you." To this pointed with outrage to recent dis­ where those who cannot pay their bail he retorted, "Bring this person forth closures of boundless corruption with­ await trial. And, as the Defense Ser­ so I can see him and question him." in the New York City Police Depart­ vice has pointed out in its statements, He was told, "We can't find him." ment. "The police are nothing but the percentage of men coming from Unable to afford bail and leave pris­ crooks, yet they are out on the streets the Tombs who are acquitted is very on to track down witnesses, James passing judgment on us," Sonni Pyles low- a result, they believe, of the to­ fears a conviction will be railroaded added. tal denial of constitutional rights its through. "They have a weak case Although the Defense Service be­ inmates must endure. against you," he explained, "so they lieves that knowledge of law can serve James elaborated, "When they rail­ make sure your defense is even weak­ as a weapon in their struggle, they road you, you are going to be con­ er." assert that outside pressure is also victed, and everyone in this institu- Most of the work of the Inmate De- necessary to force the prison hierarchy I Eugene James Militant/Debby Woodroole

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 16, 1973 13 N.Y. Dist.1 Ban on 6 Houston !St.Louis parents to SouthernU Shell Oil teachers, screen students workers strike schoolbd. upheld go on rema1ns• candidates 6y court strike solid By ARTHUR HUGHES By BAXTER SMITH By CHIP JEFFRIES By HELEN ST. JOHN .NEW YORK- The leading organiza­ NEW YORK, Feb. 6-The attempt HOUSTON- With pickets already up ST. LOUIS, Feb. 7 -A strike rally of tion in the struggle for community con­ to crush the Southern University strug­ at all three Shell refineries on the West 3,000 teachers here Feb. 4 demonstra­ trol of the schools on the Lower East gle reached new depths today. Lewis Coast, members of the Oil, Chemical tively rejected a back-to-school propo­ Side of Manhattan met Feb. 4 to deter­ Doherty, a Baton Rouge district court and Atomic Workers Union Local sal by Mayor Alfonso Cervantes. mine the basis for selecting a slate of judge, upheld the ban on six of nine 4367 voted Jan. 25 to strike Shell The strike- the first ever by St. candidates for the May 1 community students barred by the administration Oil here. Louis teachers- began Jan. 22. All school board elections. from entering the Baton Rouge cam­ The action closed all of Shell's 166 of the public schools were closed Present at the meeting of the Coa­ pus. southwestern facilities as workers stuck by the third day. The more than 4,000 lition for Education in District 1 were The nine were restricted by a court to their demands for health and safety teachers in the system are solidly Luis Fuentes, the district superinten­ injunction issued against them before committees and for pension improve­ behind the strike. dent; four community board mem­ the campus reopened Jan. 3. The ments. In the past month, the Yesterday a circuit court judge fined bers; and 60 other activists. The coali­ school had been closed since Nov. 16 Oil Workers union has struck major the St. Louis Teacher's Association tion de<:ided on the criteria it will use oil firms throughout the country over to select a slate to face the one en­ health and wage issues. couraged by the Shanker leadership Some 1,000 refinery workers and of the United Federation of Teachers. 850 chemi~al workers here walked off Those seeking the coalition's ap­ their jobs Jan. 26 in response to the proval will be asked their positions strike call. Union President A. F. Gros­ on three questions the coalition sees piron described the strike as "95 per­ as critical: cent solid." 1) rehiring Luis Fuentes as super­ The OCA W has agreed to accept an intendent; industry-wide compromise that raises 2) conducting a militant struggle for hourly pay 6 percent now and another the proposed $42-million budget for 27 cents Jan. 1, 1974. But the union a bilingual and bicultural district; and refused to drop the demand for a 3) hiring community residents as new safety committee. According to teachers, paraprofessionals, adminis­ Morris Atkin, OCA W regional chief, trators, and for other staff positions. there is a high percentage of chemi­ Another consideration in selecting cally induced sickness and disability candidates wjll be whether they have among refinery and chemical workers. children in District 1 schools. At pres­ Shell has tried to discredit the strike ent, seven of the nine board members by claiming that the union is do. contributing to the "energy crisis." While this ploy had some initial suc­ At the coalition's next meeting, Feb. 18, members of the present board and cess, a new development in strike sup­ other candidates will face the coali­ port has undercut the company's tac­ tion's questioning. Militant/Flax Hermes· tics. Eleven national environmental $150,000 for striking in violation of A rally to prepare for the election Nathaniel Howard, one of six students and ecology groups have come out.in a court order. He levied an additional struggle will take place 2 p.m. Feb. banned from Southern University, speak­ favor of the oil workers' strike. The fine of $30,000 for every day the 10 at Our Lady of Sorrows, 219 Stan­ intr at Jan. 20 antiwar rally in Washing­ groups include Environmental Action, strike goes on. This move has so ton St., Manhattan. Scheduled ton, D.C. Friends of the Earth, Parks and Con­ far failed to demoralize teachers or speakers include Fuentes; a represen­ servation Association, and Wilderness start a back-to-work movement. tative of the school board; Clayton Society. Teams of negotiators for St. Louis after white sheriff's deputies gunned Flowers, head of' the Black studies Another important development has Teachers Union Local 420 and the down two Black students. been the participation of the workers' St. Louis Teachers Association have program; Rosa Esper6n, a parent ac­ The injunction Claimed the students tivist; Awilde Esper6n, a parent acti­ wives in strike activities. On Feb. 3, been meeting with the board of educa­ were guilty of disrupting campus life some 75 women joined the picket lines. tion since the strike began. The board vist; and Claudio Tavarez, a district by interrupting classes during the two­ paraprofessional. They have also been distributing refuses to accept the principle of col­ month boycott. But according to two strike support literature. An open discussion will give parents lective bargaining and refuses to of the banned students The Militant Evelyn Douglass, whose husband who are not yet in the coalition recognize either the union or the asso­ interviewed by phone, the administra­ is an instrument man at Shell, told ciation for that purpose. a chance to question board members. tion offered no concrete evidence to a Houston Post reporter, "Maybe it In addition to collective bargaining Those attending the rally will be en­ sustain the ban. }:las something to do with women's couraged to participate in the process the teachers are demanding a $1,000 Nathaniel Howard, one of the stu­ lib, I don't know, but we are taking annual raise and hospitalization bene­ of screening the candidates. dents still barred, said Judge Doherty a much more active role this time." fits. For further information, write to the was convinced the administration's No new rounds of negotiations are Teachers here have not had a raise coalition at P.O. Box 250, New York, charges were correct because of the sche8.uled in Houston. So far, neither since 1969. Starting pay is $7,200 N.Y. 10009. Telephone: (212) 475- way the students acted in court. side has shown any inclination to re­ a year; the top bracket is $13,320. 4017. Howard mentioned that the students • open talks. Demosthenes Dubose, president of preferred to be addressed by their free Local 420, says the board of educa­ names, not their slave names, and tion members ftadmitted . . . that they that this bugged the judge. have a $3.9-million reserve, but re­ Judge Doherty even admitted that fused a January raise for teachers.ft the administration denied the students Local 420 contends that the board due process by banning them without a hearing. But, he added, that was has withheld increased state and federal funds earmarked for teachers' not under consideration by the court! Doherty further claimed that od two salaries. occasions the students had brought Support from the Black community the university to a halt. He ignored for the strike is increasing. "Free the fact that it was the administra­ schools" have been opened with tion who closed the school both times. strikers teaching the classes. This com­ Registration for the new semester munity support, plus the fact that the began this week. However, according majority of teachers are ·Black, has to Howard, close to 1,000 students placed school board president Adelia on the Baton Rouge campus have Smiley in a difficult position. The first been placed on citizenship probation Black woman president of the board, until the end of the school year. This Smiley (has tried to/disclaim responsi­ means they can be expelled if they bility for "a situation not of my mak­ offer any support for the boycott and ing." A picket line of 2,500 teachers protest movement on campus. bremght downtown by chartered buses Fred Prejean, one of the six stu­ picketed the school board headquarters dents banned, told The Militant that during a meeting there Feb. 1. the students who were placed on pro­ The Teamsters union has offered to bation are the ones who've been the Evelyn Douglass, one of the oil workers' supply pickets to aid the teachers and Militant/Mark Satinoff most active supporters of the move­ wives who are actively supporting the to turn two child-care centers into "free New York forum hears luis Fuentes ment. strike. schools" for the duration of the strike.

14 Why the Catholic Church hierarchy opposes women·s right to abortion

By EVELYN REED as animals cannot change raw ma­ forbid them to make use of the avail­ Whether through ignorance of con­ The Roman Catholic hierarchy, in the terials into artificial products to serve able methods of birth control. "Keep traceptive methods- or through acci­ forefront of the anti-abortion forces, their needs, they cannot transform them barefoot and pregnant," is the dental failure of a particular device,· is enraged by the Supreme Court their raw animal nature into human most cynical expression of this male women are often trapped in unwanted decision handed down last month that nature and acquire these uniquely hu­ supremacy. Heaping insult on injury, pregnancies. Under these circum­ recognizes a woman's right to abor­ man characteristics and aspirations. women were then told they had been stances the one sure method of birth tion and rejects the proposition that Animals remain the slaves of nature victimized not by class society but control is abortion. Should an un­ a fetus is a legal person with rights whereas humans, by deliberately uti­ by nature, which decreed "biology is planned pregnancy occur, a complete­ superior to the mother's. lizing its materials and processes in woman's destiny." ly safe abortion can be performed. Immediately after the court ruling, productive labor and understanding The struggle of women for control Despite this assured way for women cardinals Cooke of New York and its laws of operation, have increas­ over their own bodies began early in to gain full control over their repro­ Kror of Philadelphia indicated that ingly become the masters of nature. this century and has been pressed for­ ductive processes, legislative, juridical, they will leave no stone unturned in Among other conquests, humans ward during every decade up to to­ and clerical decrees against it have their efforts to nullify this measure have broken the chains of animal en­ day. In its first stage the struggle was prevailed up to the 1970s. Then the slavement to nature's uncontrolled fought for the partial and limited ob­ key state of New York enacted its Evelyn Reed, a Marxist anthro­ and wasteful mode of reproduction. jective of achieving contraceptive con­ liberalized law permitting legal abor­ pologist, is the author of Prob­ The most wasteful occurs among the trol. Such pioneer feminists in this tions in the first 24 weeks. Today, lems of Women's Liberation. lower forms of animal life. Below the country as Margaret Sanger, Antoi­ two years later, the U.S. Supreme mammalian level there is little or no nette Konikow, and others defied im­ Court has followed with its ruling cov­ giving women the right to control their maternal care for the eggs that fe­ prisonment in their efforts to dissem­ ering all fifty states. own reproductive processes. This at­ males spawn in tremendous numbers. inate methods of limiting pregnancies. Once again the Roman Catholic hi­ tempt to uphold archaic papal doc­ The ling fish, for example, spawns 28 Eventually some states legalized con­ erarchy refuses to surrender. It is de­ trine that for centuries has denied million eggs in a batch, with only traceptive control devices. termined , to resist the pro-abortion women even the smallest measure of two or three of them surviving in This did not affect the Roman Cath­ movement to the last woman victim control over their own bodies is not an egg-hungry world to reach ma­ olic hierarchy. To the present day of back-alley butchery. The cardinals confined, to Catholics but sweepingly turity. papal decrees forbid women of that are fulminating about the millions applied to all women under the pre­ Mammals are far less wasteful. A faith to resort to these methods. Il}­ of unborn who are being denied their text of the "right to life." lioness usually provides care and pro­ stead they are told to rely on the "right to life." They hew to the papal Women should be aware of the ba­ tection for her litter until the cubs totally unreliable "rhythm" method. doctrine that forbids women any mea­ sic issues at stake in this challenge. are old enough to become self-sustain­ The fact that most Catholic women sure of control over their bodies and By opposing and seeking to over­ ing. The highest form of animal re­ have caught on to this hoax can be regards the unborn as "sacred" lives, throw the Supreme Court decision the production, closest to the human form, seen by the widespread defiance of while the lives of the mothers are ex­ is found among the anthropoids. A the pope's ban. More than two-thirds pendable. femal primate bears only one offspring The pope himself made this clear at a time and devotes many months a few months ago when he declared and even years to protecting and that every pregnancy must be brought raising it. to term even when it is known in Despite these differences, all animal advance that a birth will cost a wom­ females, including the higher apes, are an her life. This inhuman edict goes subjugated to nature's mode of pro­ far beyond the usual reactionary ban creation. They do not have any per­ on abortions, which permits the inter­ sonal controls or choice in the matter. ruption of a pregnancy when a wom­ They are condemned by their biology an's life is endangered. What is be­ to proceed from one reproductive cycle hind this manifest hostility toward the to the next, without respite, from the female sex by celibate men of the time they reach sexual maturity to the cloth? end of their reproductive life when, They are fearful that if women gain as a rule, they die. The life of the control over their bodies, they will animal female is restricted to unre­ forthwith proceed to fight for full con­ mitting breeding and little more. trol ·over their minds and lives. In In sharp contrast, the human wom­ the course of this struggle women an, as a member of the productive would shed many of the superstitions, and cultural species, possesses the ca­ fears, and prejudices indoctrinated in­ pabilities and potential for acquiring to them over centuries of patriarchal Pope's solicitude for unborn life is only and realizing all the higher aspects rule to keep them on their knees be­ a cover for reducing women to the an­ and values of human life. Unlike the fore earthly and super-earthly lords imal level of uncontrolled procreation. animal female, a woman need not and masters. Even a limited measure restrict her life to continual procrea­ of liberation can lead to incalculable tion. Modern society now possesses consequences- undermining the cen­ a large body of scientific know-how turies-old male supremacy over wom­ Catholic hierarchy is striving to keep on birth control that should enable en. This fear of liberated wome·n can all women in the same status as an­ a woman to exercise her conscious, be seen in the dire predictions of the imal females who are subjected by individual· choice in the matter. She cardinals about the "disastrous impli­ nature to uncontrolled procreation. can decide whether and when to bear cations" of the Supreme Court ruling They are determined to continue to children and how many she will rear. and the "terrifying" developments the rob women of their basic human right As a human being she can tailor her decision sets in motion. -the right of control. Let us see why procreative inclinations to suit her This hostility to women is concealed this is so. broader needs for a full productive, behind the slogan of the "right to life" All animals are governed by the cultural, intellectual, and political life. of the unborn. Such sanctimonious blind and capricious processes of na­ Theoretically at least, women have concern covers every germination in ture. Humans, on the other hand, been liberated from the narrow an­ a woman's womb no matter how it alone of all species on earth, can cre­ imal existence of continuous breeding. was implanted- whether through ig­ ate and control their own conditions Unfortunately, while women are no norance or by accident, or even by of life. Among the other triul\lphs won longer the creatures of blind nature, Militant/Ed Weaver violence on the part of a rapist. Each over brute nature, humans have they became the victims of patriarchal germination is called a "fetus," and learned to regulate their own repro­ class society ever since it came into every fetus is called a "person," and ductive processes. The techniques of existence a few thousand years ago. ever "person's" life is "sacred." contraception to limit pregnancies and Capitalism remains male-dominated, of married Catholic women practice Except the person of the mother. of birth control through abortion are controlling the lives and destiny of the prohibited scientific methods, ac­ If a mere germination is elevated into not to be found among animals. These women, benefitting from the exploita­ cording to a 1970 National Fertility a person, the woman herself must be are exclusively human acquisitions, tion and oppression and, until recent­ Study.. downgraded into a nonperson- a developed over many millennia of ly, denying them modern methods of The second stage of the struggle mere receptacle or womb for produc­ productive and cultural progress. birth control. for women's control over their bodies ing persons. By this criterion, the so­ While humanity has grown up out of While men of the favored classes was very recently opened up by the licitude for the sacredness of unborn the higher animal condition, we have could assert their rights to a higher women's liberation movement. This life turns out to be only a cover for long since outgrown our origins. human and cultural life, women had went beyond contraception control to reducing a female person, a woman, Animals cannot make tools or en­ to be satisfied with the narrow ex­ the demand for the right to abortion. to the animal level of uncontrolled gage in systematic labor activities to istence of kitchen, bedroom, and nur­ This was not put forward because procreation. produce the necessities and comforts sery, glorified as the happy home and women prefer abortions to the pre­ This contempt for women stands out of life. By the same token they cannot, family. In reality women were degrad­ vention of pregnancies, but because even more clearly when we consider like humans, produce new needs along ed to child raisers and domestic ser­ at the present stage of technical know­ the plight of impoverished and sick with new techniques nor develop cul­ vants for men. To keep them in an how there still exist certain deficiencies women in capitalist society who are tural and intellectual standards. Just inferior status, both church and state in the available methods and devices. Continued .on page 22

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 16, 1973 15 Social Workers Union endorses Lip_P-mann L.A. lifts filing fee, socialists on ballot By ANN WILCOX person's district may change without four, and on "Newsbeat," Monday, :war movement; 3) Black and Chicano LOS ANGELES, Feb. 5- Olga Ro­ a move having taken place. Feb. 12 at 9:30 a.m. on channel nine. community control of the welfare sys­ driguez won her court battle Feb. 1. Public interest in the socialist alter­ tem; and 4) a break with the Demo­ She was granted ballot status with­ native continues to build. On Feb. 3, cratic and Republican parties and sup­ out paying the $700 filing fee required Sally Anderson, socialist candidate for By DAVID BROWN port for a labor party. for mayoral candidates in Los An­ board of education, number 2, re­ LOS ANGELES-Walter Lippmann, The Los Angeles chapter has a mem­ geles. ceived a standing ovation and a unan­ candidate for the Los Angeles board bership of about 3,000, almost half In a precedent-setting decision, imous vote of endorsement when she of education, office 4, has received the the total state membership of the Judge Campbell Lucas of the Supe­ spoke to the statewide convention of unanimous endorsement of the state union. rior Court ruled that the filing fee the California Commitee for Sexual executive board of Social Services On initiatives by Lippmann, Local requirement unconstitutionally denied Law Reform. In addition, 30 of those Union Local 535. 535 has endorsed the National Peace Rodriguez access to the ballot since present personally endorsed her cam­ Lippmann is one of eight candidates Action Coalition (NPAC), the Com­ she was unable to pay. Rodriguez paign. Endorsers include Morris endorsed by the Socialist Workers mittee for Democratic Election Laws, is a member of the Young Socialist Kight of the Gay Community Services Party and Young Socialist Alliance and the Women's National Abortion Alliance and the Socialist Workers Center, and Jean Cordova and Bar­ for the Los Angeles municipal elec­ Action Coalition. Party. bara McLean, editors of Lesbian Tide tions to be held this spring. Lippmann has been a Local 535 Also granted ballot status on the magazine. While not endorsing the political delegate to the Los Angeles city basis of inability to pay the filing Rodriguez talked with ITT employ­ program of the Socialist Workers Federation of Labor for two years. Party, the union decision is notable fee was Ida Mae Willis, a Black wel­ ees at lunchtime last week. A litera­ He has also been the union's delegate in several respects. It is a recogni­ to NPAC. fare mother of nine children who is ture table was set up and campaign tion of Lippmann's record as a mili­ The executive director of the union, running for city council. The court material was distributed to some 300 tant unionist, a fighter for the rights David Krippen, is planning to write decision is a major victory in the workers. Much discussion was gen­ of the rank and file within the union, a letter to other unions advising of the struggle to democratize the ballot since erated and she has been invited back and for union support to the anti­ endorsement of Lippmann and sug­ it is now possible for poor people for a tour to talk with more em­ war movement. His socialist views gesting they invite him to speak at ployees. to run for public office in Los An­ have been widely known since his their meetings and consider endors­ Today Rodriguez appeared on geles. The judge declined to consider earliest involvement in the union. ing him. tlie constitutionality of the filing fees "Tempo," the major morning TV inter­ The endorsement also reflects the as such on the grounds that the Cal­ view show here. For 15 minutes she decline of anticommunism in the labor ifornia election code is now being ex­ discussed her victory in the filing-fee movement. A union with a high per­ amined by the U.S. Supreme Court. challenge, the importance of Black centage of young people, the Social 'In the same hearing, David Brown, and Chicano control of their commu­ Services Union has been deeply in­ socialist candidate for city council, nities, and the need for free mass tran­ fluenced by the youth radicalization. number 11, was denied ballot status sit in Los Angeles. She also answered All members of the state executive on the basis of not meeting residency questions called in by viewers. board are working social workers. requirements. The city charter requires Following her TV appearance, Ro­ The paid officials of the local have a city council candidate to have lived driguez and her supporters attended fewer priviliges than in most unions. not only in the city but in the district a defense rally for Los Tres del Ba­ In 1966, Local 535 was the first for two years before filing to run for rrio, Chicano activists appealing their union to strike Los Angeles County, office. (A person who has lived here conviction in connection with their ef­ forcing it to institute machinery for for 30 days may vote in any elec­ forts to expose and expel heroin push­ collective bargaining. tion.) ers from the barrio. Speakers included Lippmann is a shop steward and Brown feels tliis is highly diserim­ Bert Corona, Daniel Ellsberg, Raul has been a member of the state execu­ inatory, especially in a time when 50 Ruiz, and Corky Gonzales.. A state­ tive board from the Los Angeles chap­ percent of the population of Los An­ ment of solidarity from Rodriguez was ter since 1969. He was elected to the geles moves every year. Furthermore, read to the crowd of more than 500. board on the platform of 1) im­ districts are gerrymandered on an av­ Rodriguez will appear on "lmposto," mediate U. S. withdrawal from Viet­ erage of every four years so that a Sunday, Feb. 11 at 3 p.m. on channel nam; 2) union support to the anti- Walter Lippmann Militant/Ken Douglas United Farm Workers Union denounces renewal of Teamster-grower agreement By MIGUEL PENDAS workers from getting the union of their LOS ANGELES- In a new move to choice. ' -·~~~~ block the United Farm Workers "The growers are badly mistaken if Union from organizing field workers, they think the latest deal they made the Teamsters union and the lettuce with Teamster officials will stop the growers announced Jan. 16 that they strike and boycott against them by have renewed sweetheart contracts farm workers." covering 30,000 farm workers. The The Farm Workers won a partial five-year contracts were not due to victory Dec. 29 when the California expire for another two and a half Supreme Court refused to bar Farm years. Workers from picketing growers who had signed with the Teamsters. This Cesar Chavez has denounced a was equivalent to ruling that the new attempt to destroy the offices Teamsters were not the legitimate union. Militant/Dave Warren of the United Farm Workers Union. William Grami, director of organiz­ The union's office in Terra Bella, ing for the Western Conference of er than under the old contract. excluded from work on farms that Calif., was vandalized Jan. 28 for Teamsters, said his union is now step­ In contrast to the UFWU contracts, have signed agreements with the the fifth time since it opened last ping up efforts to sign up workers the Teamster contract does not pro­ Teamsters. Dec. 2. in the fields and will use the new con­ vide a union hiring hall or meaning­ ful restrictions on the use of pesticides. Seventy-four Farm Worker strike pick­ AI Rojas, a UFWU spokesman, tract in this effort. Teamster-grower agreements include slight wage in­ In response to the renewed Team­ ets have been found guilty of con­ said windows were broken, doors creases and some minor fringe bene­ ster-grower efforts to stabilize their tempt of court in El Centro for picket­ were ripped from their hinges, and fits. phony sweetheart contracts, UFWU ing D' Arrigo Brothers of California. documents were destroyed. Previ­ Cohen said, however, that "the con­ President Cesar Chavez has an­ The strike began when the lettuce ously, the union's offices in Poplar tracts are meaningless anyway be­ nounced that his union will be in a growers refused to renew UFWU con­ had been fired upon and the cause they are not enforced. They are new drive to force the growers to rec­ tracts that expired last November. union's Service Station Coopera­ just pieces of paper, since the language ognize the UFWU, which the field The growers had obtained a court injunction Dec. 21 limiting the num­ tive in Delano had been dyna­ is not policed by the Teamsters." workers themselves chose, as the le­ Les Hubbard, spokesman for the gitimate union. Chavez declared, ber of pickets at any one field to 25, mited. growers, denied that they were in col­ "They've got the growers, but we've with the added proviso that they must Chavez called for an investiga­ lusion with the Teamsters, but said got the workers." be 50 feet apart. tion by the U.S. Justice Depart­ that "employers do take a look at The UFWU has filed suits in U.S. The 74 unionists were fined $500 ment. the track record of both unions and district court seeking to nullify the each and given suspended five-day feel that the Teamsters do a better phony contracts. They are asking jail sentences and one year's proba­ Jerry Cohen, chief counsel for the job of administering the contract." more than $213-million in damages tion. UFWU national boycott direc- · Farm Workers union, denounced the The revised pact provides a wage from the Teamsters and lettuce grow­ tor Marshall Genz was sentenced Jan. pact as a "flagrant example of col­ base of $2.30 an hour compared to ers. 22 to 20 days in jail and fined $2,000. lusion between the Teamsters and the previous $2.08 an hour. The new One suit charges that many Blacks, He was released on $500 bail pending growers in their effort to prevent farm wage will take effect six months soon- Chicanos, and Filipinos have been appeal.

16 Candidates hit racism and strikebreaking Atlanta SWP launches mayorarcampaign ATLANTA-The Georgia Socialist served. on the national committee of Workers Party formally announced its the Young Socialist Alliance and as a 1973 mayoral campaign at a Feb. coordinator of the Georgia Women's 2 news conference on the steps of city Abortion Coalition. hall. Linda Jenness, SWP candidate A forceful and lively speaker, Bustin for mayor of Atlanta in 1969 and for outlined some of the major issues in governor of Georgia in 1970, intro- the campaign. She told how Atlanta's duced Debby Bustin, 1973 SWP candi- ruling elite is trying to annex all­ date for mayor of Atlanta, to the press. white Fulton County to dilute the vot­ ing power of the Black community, Jenness opened her remarks by say­ now 56 percent of registered voters. ing, "I was proud to have been a citi­ "This is a conscious and care­ zen of Georgia last week when the fully thought-out conspiracy to pre­ Supreme Court declared abortions vent Black people from having major­ legal. That decision was based on ity political power in this city," Bus­ class action suits brought to the Su­ tin declared. preme Court by women of Georgia The SWP candidates are campaign­ and Texas. I was glad to see Georgia ing against this racist maneuver and women play an important role in that are calling for Black control of the historic victory." Black community. Bustin said, "Black The press asked Debby Bustin why control means that the Black com­ Militant/Brian Shannon Militant/Howard Petrick she imagined that the people of Atlanta munity should determine whether stu­ Mayoral candidate Debby Bustin (1), and vice-mayoral candidate Joel Aber. . would want a socialist in city hall. dents should be bussed in or out, who Bustin replied, "I can't imagine why should be hired and fired as nization of the working class, and the Black control of Black education. the people of Atlanta would want to police, who should teach in their organization of the Black community." In support of the campaign, Eli keep the Democrats and Republicans schools and what they should teach, Aber reviewed the vicious strike­ Green, a Georgia State University stu­ in city hall after their unbroken his­ where housing is needed, and who breaking record of Mayor Sam dent, explained to the banquet tory of racism, strikebreaking, op­ should design and build it." Massell, who will probably be running audience, "I'm a student and a Black pression of women and gays, and J~ M~ a hl~ ~ho~ t~~er for reelection, as well as that of the man, and I can't think -of two better their support to the continued reign and the SWP candidate for vice-mayor Black Democrats, including vice­ reasons to support the SWP cam­ of 1 percent of the human race over of Atlanta, is best known in the South mayor Maynard Jackson, who is also paign." the people of Atlanta, the U.S., and as a staunch defender of the Arab expected to run for mayor. Another campaign supporter who the world." revolution. He asked, "Where was vice-mayor spoke at the banquet was Cheryl At a banquet of 70 people at Atlanta In his speech Aber picked up on Maynard Jackson during the Mead Pence, an activist in the Georgia University the following night the another major issue of the '73 cam­ strike? I was on the picket line and I Women's Abortion Coalition and an Georgia SWP campaign was set into paign -the fact that Atlanta is a wide­ didn't see him there, and a few other urban planner for Atlanta. She spoke motion. The candidates presented at open, nonunion city. Aber stated that people I didn't see there were Julian of the miserable housing conditions the banquet were Debby Bustin, 25; "the most important event for the Bond, Andrew Young, and Aldermen the majority of Atlantans are forced Joel Aber, 30, candidate for vice­ people of Atlanta during the past year Dodson, Williamson, and Jackson." to live in, and of her support to the mayor; Mike Weisman, 20, candidate has been the wave of strikes by pre­ Mike Weisman, SWP candidate for campaign as a feminist. "This next for school board; and Nina Martin, dominantly Black workers. . . . It school board, was a high school co­ October I would like to approach Sam candidate for aldecyvoman in ward wasn't just an isolated instance, it was ordinator for the Student Mobilization Massell, who so generously offered to 6. Linda Jenness addressed the ban­ an impressive series of strikes: Holy Committee and is a national com­ allow us a 'Woman Mayor For A quet as a special guest. Family Hospital, Sears Roebuck, Na­ mittee member of the Young Socialist Day,' and say, 'No Thank you, Mr. Debby Bustin is a well-known and bisco, the Greyhound Bus terminal, Alliance. Weisman expressed the SWP Massell, we're going to have a woman respected leader of the antiwar and and, of course, the Mead paper box campaign's support to the students at mayor for the next four years!'" socialist movements and of the factory. O'Keife High School who are boycott­ Another major issue that the SWP feminist struggle. In 1971, 2,500 stu­ "In each case the strikers were over­ ing classes in an effort to fire a racist candidates will be addressing is the dent antiwar activists elected her as whelmingly Black. So the strikes repre­ principal. Several O'Keife students Equal Rights Amendment. The ERA the national coordinator of the Student sented the two most powerful forces were arrested recently for participating is currently being debated by the Mobilization Committee. She has also for social change in Atlanta: the orga- in a demonstration that called for Continued on page 22

~1 for caP-italist P-art¥ of }!Our choice CoDEL will challenge income tax rip-off NEW YORK-The Committee for to designate a dollar of their income and the like, whose money invariably win the 5 percent. Democratic Election Laws ( CoDEL) tax for the 1976 presidential cam­ has strings attached. In addition, the Major party candidates, however, has announced that it will challenge paign of the political party of their ceiling on spending would mean that are entitled to their funds before the a new presidential election campaign choice. It also places a ceiling on one candidate wouldn't get elected election takes place. The 5 per­ ·funding law because it discriminates the amount of money a presidential merely because he or she had out­ cent requirement effectively excludes against smaller parties. candidate may spend to get elected, spent the opponent, since in theory smaller parties from ever receiving the equal to 15 cents for each eligible all candidates would be spending the funds donated to them. In a Feb. 1 letter inviting the So­ voter in 1976 (about $20-million). same amount. Not satisfied with this, Congress cialist Workers Party to become a In defending this new source of con­ As with all laws the Democratic and also provided that minor party can­ plaintiff in the suit, CoDEL National tributions, the Democrats and Repub­ Republican parties pass to police them­ didates would not be entitled to spend Secretary Judy Baumann said a licans who passed the law maintained selves, there is no way of enforcing -as much as major parties, even if broad attack would be necessary to it would provide a substantial source the ceiling on spending. Further, the they could raise the funds! eliminate the law. of funds that would enable candidates law is written in such a way that only This new tax law is one more The new tax law, passed by Con­ to stop relying on the large contri­ these two capitalist parties will benefit example of how the so-called demo­ gress in late 1971, allows taxpayers butions from corporation presidents from it. cratic electoral system in the U. S. First, they created a definition of a functions. / 4875 I Presidential Election national party that requires a presi­ In a Feb. 5 letter to Socialist :~::,m'"''"'''""'ry Campaign Fund Statement ~®72 dential candidate to be on the ballot Workers Party branches, Larry Seigle, Internal Revenue Serv1ce .. Attach to Form 1040 or Form 1040A only If you are participating. I in 10 states before the candidate or the SWP 1972 campaign manager, Name(s) as shown on your return I Your soci~l secu~ity number I I party is entitled to any funds. announced that the SWP will be a I I Then they created three categories plaintiff in the CoDEL suit and urged This form may be used to designate that $1 of your income tax be paid over to the 1976 Presidential Election • Campaign .Fund. Your wife (husband) may designate an additional $1 if you are fi.ling a joint return. Participation will • of political parties. Their own two a national effort to publicize the chal­ not result 1n any cost to you, but you may not participate unless the amount on l1ne 21 of Form 1040A or lme 20 of parties-the Democrats and Republi­ lenge. "The suit provides a vehicle Form 1040 is at least as great as the $1 (or $2) designated. e If you wis~ $1 to be paid over to the candidates of a specific political party, check the first bo~ and fill. in thee cans-are classified as major parties for challenging on a federal level the name of the political party. If you wish $1 to be paid over to a non.partisan general account for all el1g1ble cand1dates, check the second box. e and are entitled to the full benefits of right of the government to discrimi­

Your choice Wife's (husband's) choice the law. Parties whose presidential can­ nate against smaller parties," Seigle -- ·------didates got less than 25 percent of wrote. the vote, but more than 5 percent "A successful challenge to this law [] ______------______Party [] ______Party (Do NOT specify name of <~ny particular candidate) (Do NOT specify name of any particular candidate) are called minor parties. No party might lead to a national definition OR OR in the U. S. today meets this defini­ of a recognized political party that 0 Non-Partisan General Account D Non-Partisan General Account tion. All other parties fall into the would include the SWP. This would "new party" classification. greatly strengthen our fight for ballot No "new party" candidate is entitled status in the states." ~---~------r Your Signature to the money checked off for his or The SWP is collecting affidavits \. her party until the candidate wins 5 from supporters who have or who .. percent of the vote. Of course, this wish to check off a dollar for the This is the form to be filled out by taxpayers this year. While it doesn't say so, do­ money can't be collected until after SWP. CoDEL plans to use these affi­ nations for smaller parties will probably never be turned over to them. the election, even if the candidate can davits in the suit.

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 16, 1973 17 THE LEFT OPPOSITION II THE USSR: CHI A= STALIN LEADS THE WAY TO FEAT The following is the ninth in a series minimum subsistence for a family of the fledgling labor movement stepped often-perhaps even in most cases­ of articles on the Left Opposition in four. The strikes that were to reduce into the leadership of a nationalist the bourgeoisie of the oppressed coun­ the Soviet Union. the workday of women in the silk upsurge that completely transformed tries, while it does support the na­ industry from 17 hours to 12 had the political situation in China. tional movement, is in full accord with notyet occurred. On May 30 British troops fired on the imperialist bourgeoisie, i.e., joins By DAVE FRANKEL The imperialist domination of China a protest demonstration in Shanghai, In July 1926 the central committee of helped maintain these conditions. killing 12 students. A general strike the Bolshevik Party rejected the pro­ Troops from the major European paralyzed the city, and the movement posals of the newly organized Joint powers, Japan, and the U.S. were spread rapidly throughout China. In­ Opposition. The party hierarchy had stationed on Chinese territory. For­ complete statistics report 135 strikes already declared opposition meetings eign warships sailed up and down involving some 400,000 workers. illegal and driven them underground. the great rivers, shelling towns and Less than a month later, on June 23, Lashevich, the deputy commissar of cities at the slightest sign of oppo­ the murder of 52 demonstrators by war, was removed from his post and sition. British and French troops in Hong expelled from the central committee Kong provoked a general strike of for addressing an oppostion meeting 250,000 workers there. in the woods outside of Moscow. Zi­ More than 100,000 Hong Kong noviev was deprived of his seat on workers· evacuated the British colony, the politburo. Trotsky was the only moving to Canton. A boycott against Opposition leader remaining on the British goods was declared, and the politburo, since Kamenev had been workers demanded freedom of speech demoted to candidate status in Decem­ and press. They also demanded the ber 1925. right to vote for Chinese representa­ Still, the Opposition was undeterred. tives in the government of the colony, It appealed to the ranks of the party, better wages and working conditions, distributing written policy statements, and lower rents. Peasant associations and addressing meetings in local par­ in Kwangtung province cooperated ty cells, factories, and workshops. with the strikers, patrolling the coast Michael Borodin was the chief Comintern Automobiles with screaming sirens in order to make the blockade of the representative in China, and helped to were lined up outside larger meetings, British ports complete. organize the entry of lhe Chinese Com­ and in all of them the Opposition The situation was extremely favor­ munist Party into the Kuomintang. speakers faced squads organized by able for the Chinese Communist Par­ the party machine to whistle and boo ty ( CCP). The CCP had been formed forces with it against all revolution­ at Opposition speakers. in 1920. From fewer than 1,000 mem­ ary movements and revolutionary Despite these conditions, the Joint bers in January 1925 it grew to 4,- classes." Opposition claimed to'have some 8,- 000 following the May 30 events, with In the same report, Lenin argued 000 members. The active supporters a youth organization of about 9,000. for the need to have independent Com­ of Stalin and Bukharin were prob­ But the influence of the CCP was munist parties in the colonial coun­ ably not much stronger numerically. far greater than its small numbers tries, and for the relevance of the Rus­ The huge mass of the party had been would indicate. British historian E. H. sian experience to them. "... the driven out of political activity. Carr writes that the Hong Kong strike Communist International should ad­ At the end of October the central "was organized ... by a workers' vance the proposition, with the ap­ committee responded to the Opposi­ committee in which the influence of propriate theoretical grounding, that tion campaign by expelling Trotsky communists was, or quickly became, with the aid of the proletariat in the from the politburo. Kamenev was de­ paramount." advanced countries, backward coun­ prived of his status as a candidate tries can go over to the Soviet system member, and Bukharin replaced Zin­ An incorrect policy and, through certain stages of devel­ oviev as the president of the Comin­ However, the CCP was hamstrung opment, to communism, without hav­ tern. by an incorrect policy. The party had ing to pass through llie capitalist Unable to move the party ranks, been directed by the Comintern to en­ stage." and faced with the threat of further ter the Kuomintang (National Peo­ The Comintern, hqwever, failed to disciplinary measures, the Joint Op­ ple's Party), against the judgment of follow this policy. In the course of position was forced to bide its time, its leadership. the fight against "Trotskyism" and the and the winter of 1926-1927 saw a The Kuomintang, founded by· Sun theory of permanent revolution, the relative luli in the factional struggle. Yat-sen, was a bourgeois-nationalist lessons of the Russian revolution had Some oppositionists began to lose party. It aspired to unite China under been rejected. heart. Trotsky writes: a stable capitalist regime and to end Stalin and his supporters argued "As early as the beginning of 1927, the imperialist domination of the coun­ that what was on the agenda for the Zinoviev was ready to capitulate, if try. The massive nationalist upsurge nonindustrialized countries of Asia not all at once, at least gradually. and strike wave of 1925 enabled the was a "democratic," or capitalist, rev­ But then came the staggering events Kuomintang to establish a govern­ olution. The tasks of this revolution in China. The criminal character of ment in Canton while the rest of China would stop with national unification Stalin's policy hit one in the eye. It was still divided among various war­ and independence, a democratic gov­ postponed for a time the capitulation lords, the most powerful of whom ernment, the nationalization of indus­ of Zinoviev and of all who followed ruled in the north. try, a planned economy- all these him later." The CCP supported the goals of re­ things would be left for a later stage. unifying China and ousting the im­ The· prospect in Stalin's view was Conditions in China perialist powers. But while it would for an anti-imperialist revolution that The conditions in China in the 19- Sun Yat-sen, founder of the Kuomintang have been totally correct to form a would unite all classes, the entire na­ 20s were worse than those that had (seated). Standing is Chiang Kai-shek. united front with the Kuomintang to tion, against foreign domination. This given rise to the Russian revolution. fight for specific demands against the was the logic behind the entry into More than 300 million peasants de­ imperialist powers, the CCP' s entry the Kuomintang that was imposed on pended on the land for their subsis­ into the Kuomintang led to disaster. the CCP. Unfortunately, this logic tence. In 1927 it was estimated that The warlords who ruled the country The problem was that national in­ failed to take into account that the 55 percent of the peasantry owned received arms and money from the dependence and unification could only bourgeoisie in the colonial countries no land, and another 20 percent held imperialist powers, who controlled the be achieved by rousing the mass of was afraid of any revolution, regard­ parcels too small to support thi!m. bulk of China's railroads and ship­ the nation in a struggle against the less of its ideology. They understood, Thirteen percent of the rural popula­ ping trade, and owned nearly half imperialist powers and their warlord unlike Stalin, that the mass movement, tion held 81 percent of the cultivable of the cotton industry, the country's hirelings": However, such a mass once begun, would not limit itself to land. largest industry. By the end of the awakening immediately resulted in their demands. As tenant farmers, the poor peas­ 1920s foreign investment in China the workers and peasants raising de­ ants were forced to give up 40 to 70 had reached $3.3-billion. mands against the capitalists and The CCP could have played a de­ percent of their crops as rent, to make Peasant revolts were a constant fea­ landlords who exploited them. cisive role. In January 1924, at the gifts to the landlords at festival times, ture of the political scene, but the rap­ In the face of this threat the Chinese first congress of the Kuomintang, 40 and to serve without wages during id growth of Chinese industry during bourgeoisie rapidly shed its national­ of the 200 delegates are said to have engagements, marriages, and funerals World War I brought a new factor ist sentiments and made common been Communists. The union move­ in the landlord's family. into play. In 1918 there were 25 re­ cause with the imperialist powers to ment and the peasant associations had Things were little better for the new corded strikes in the country, involv­ smash the mass movement. begun to organize themselves indepen­ class of workers in the cities. In Jan­ ing fewer than 10,000 workers. By This should have come as no sur­ dently of the Kuomintang. But the uary 1927 dock workers in Hankow 1922 there were 91 strikes, involving prise. Lenin, in a report to the second CCP, under the tutelage of the Com­ earned $1.50 a month. In the textile 150,000 workers. congress of the Comintern in July intern, was unable to offer itself as mills women and children earned 12 A national labor conference on May 1920, stressed that "there has been a an alternative, and the rising mass cents a day. The average industrial 1, 1925, brought together representa­ certain rapprochement between the movement was channeled into the wage was $10 a month, yet one gov­ tives of 570,000 workers from all the bourgeoisie of the exploiting countries Kuomintang. The results of this will ernment survey fixed $27.46 as the principal cities in China. That month and that of the colonies, so that very be examined in the next article.

18 Abortion foes Israeli revolutionaries sgeak out rally in Chicago By ELLEN FAULKNER CHICAGO, Feb. 3 -Reactionary anti-abortion forces organized a demonstration of 5,000 today The Other Israel in the Chicago Loop in opposition to the Supreme The publication of The Other Israel by a leading Moreover, these actions can be taken against commercial publisher offers an antidote to the whole villages or groups of people, not just in­ Court ruling legalizing abortion. Activists from wretched apologies for Zionism with which most dividuals. The Emergency Regulations also allow the Illinois Women's Abortion Coalition picketed people in this country are familiar. It is a powerful the confiscation or destruction of property, includ­ the demonstration, protesting the right wing's at­ tool for explaining the real basis for the struggle ing homes; the proclamation of unlimited curfews; tempts to deny women abortions. of the Palestinian people. Groups organizing the anti-abortion demonstra­ The anthology consists of statements issued by tion were Illinois Right to Life, Clergy Concerned the Israeli Socialist Organization (ISO) and articles for Life, and the Chicago Archdiocese Committee written by its members during the past five years. for Pro-Life Affairs. Cardinal James Cody, head of They are particularly valuable because they were the Archdiocese Committee, has threatened that all written by both Jews and Arabs living within Catholic women who obtain abortions will be ex­ Israel. communicated. One effect of the barrage of Zionist propaganda At the rally, State Representative Henry Hyde that has saturated American society and shaped urged support for a constitutional amendment to the thinking of the majority of its people on the restrict abortion. He plans to introduce a bill Middle East has been the equation of the Jewish into the Illinois state legislature that would prohibit people with the political movement of Zionism. abortion after the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. This false equation has reached the point where Dr. Bart Heffener, head of Illinois Right to Life, the arguments of Jewish anti-Zionists are often also spoke. Heffener got himself appointed "Guard­ "answered" by labeling them as "self-haters." ian of the Unborn" in 1970. As a court-appointed This epithet has been used for a long time, but guardian, he blocked medical care for 30 women usually with less effect than today. Thus, one ar­ who were to have had abortions this weekend at ticle in The Other Israel takes note of a letter a clinic set up by Choice, Inc., a referral agency. Chaim Weitzmann, the first president of Israel, Hearings are set for Feb. 7 on Heffener' s request wrote from Russia in 1903. "In general," Weitz­ for a permanent injunction against the 30 women. mann writes, "West European Jewry thinks that Members of the Illinois Women's Abortion Coali­ the majority of East European Jewish youth be­ tion will picket the hearings. longs to the Zionist camp. Unfortunately, the con­ The speakers seemed prepared to accept legal trary is true. The lion's share of the youth is abortion during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy anti-Zionist, not from an assimilationist point of but vowed to fight for stringent rules restricting view as in West Europe, but rather as a result later abortions. Demonstrators came to the action of their revolutionary mood." on Catholic Church and parochial school buses Weitzmann emphasizes that "I am not speaking from all parts of Northern Illinois and Indiana. only of the youth of the proletariat. ... Almost Nick Medvecky (This area is the largest Catholic diocese in the the entire Jewish student body stands firmly be­ Arab houses demolished under the emergency reg­ world except Rome.) hind the revolutionary camp. . . . This is a ter­ ulations. In 1946 Yaakov Shimson Shapiro, who later A Chicago Sun-Times news story on the action rible vision ... and all this is accompanied by became Israel's Minister of Justice, declared of these greatly overestimated the size of the crowd, putting . a distaste for Jewish nationalism which borders regulations that "even in Nazi Germany there were it at 18,000. The Chicago Tribune exaggerated on self-hatred." no such laws." somewhat less, placing the figure at 8,000. The introduction by Arie Bober gives a gen­ Demonstrators marched in family groups and eral critique of Zionism from the point of view of and the "closing" of whole areas so that it is for­ in contingents of high school students. Many older the Israeli Socialist Organization and convincingly bidden to enter or leave them. Since 1966 the people and children participated, but there were explains the basic ideas elaborated in the rest of Emergency laws have been administered by the few people in their twenties. the book. Particularly valuable are the vivid quo­ police instead of the army. · The smallest children were wrapped in sheets tations from Zionist figures that depict the tactics These laws are enforced selectively-against the lettered with their supposed sentiment<~ about abor-r and ideology of the Zionist movement. Arab population. One way they are used is to tion. Some signs said "Abortion is not peace." Thus, David Hacohen, a former leader of the restrict "Arabs to their areas because a license There were also a number of pro-capital-punish­ ruling Mapai Party and chairman of the Defense is needed for changing one's residence, which ment signs, such as "Richard Speck lives while and Foreign Affairs Committee in the Knesset, Arabs are not granted as a rule. In fact, very the un-born die." the Israeli parliament, wrote how " ... I had to few people are aware of the fact that not only In addition to the Feb. 7 picket line, the Illinois fight my friends on the issue of Jewish socialism, are Israel's 'socialist islands' -the kibbutzim and Women's Abortion Coalition will hold a victory to defend the fact that I would not accept Arabs co-operative villages ( moshavim)-hermetically rally to celebrate the Supreme Court's abortion in my trade union, the Histadrut; to defend preach­ sealed against the Arabs, but almost all Jewish decision. It will take place at Grace Lutheran ing to housewives that they not buy at Arab stores; cities and towns accept Arabs only as day laborers, Church, 555 W. Belven St., Feb. 10 at 1 p.m. to defend the fact that we stood guard at orchards not residents. In all of Israel there are only six Speakers will include Susan LaMont, a national to prevent Arab workers from getting jobs there. towns (and one or two small villages) with mixed coordinator of the Women's National Abortion ... To pour kerosene on Arab tomatoes; to attack populations: Haifa, Jerusalem, Jaffa, Acre, Ramie Action Coalition, and Sybil Fritchie, an American Jewish housewives in the market and smash the and Lod. The policy of segregation is official Civil Liberties Union lawyer. Arab eggs they had bought; to praise to the skies only in a few cases ( Carmiel, Arad, Eilat); mostly the Kereen Kayemet (Jewish Fund) that sent Han­ it is unofficial policy. Very rarely is the Israeli kin to Beirut to buy land from absentee effendi public allowed to hear of an Arab who is pro­ (landlords) and to throw the fellahin (peasants) hibited from buying a house in Tel Aviv.... " off the land-to buy dozens of dunams [about The articles and statements in The Other Israel one-fourth of an acre] from an Arab is permitted, reflect the fact that they were written over a period but to sell, God forbid, one Jewish dunam to an of several years during which the ISO and the Arab is prohibited; to take Rothschild, the incar­ individual authors of this book went through a nation of capitalism, as a socialist and to name substantial political evolution. The ISO itself split him the 'benefactor'- to do all that was not easy. about a year ago. Some of its early leaders opted And despite the fact-that we did it-maybe \\e had for anarchism, while others, including Bober, de­ no choice- I wasn't happy about it." clared their solidarity with the program and princi­ The articles dealing with the life and politics ples of the Fourth International. in Israel today are the book's strongest points. Among Marxists there is disagreement with some One example of this is the discussion of the so­ of the analysis presented in the book, particularly called Emergency Regulations. These laws were the position put forward in the chapter on "The originally enacted by the British Empire to con­ Case for Hebrew Self-Determination." Previous ar­ tain the great Arab revolt of 1936-1939. Later, ticles in The Militant have stated its opposition to they were incorporated into the Israeli legal the point of view presented in this selection. (See system. The Militan4 Feb. 26, 1971.) But The Other Is­ The Emergency Regulations enable a military rael stands as a powerful indictment of Zionism commander, "at his discretion and without any and of the Israeli social system. As such, it de­ sort of judicial review, [to] imprison an individual serves the widest possible circulation. indefinitely, prohibit travel inside or outside Is­ In 'the letter quoted earlier, Chaim Weitzmann la­ rael or expel an individual permanently from the mented the fact that "the Zionist movement failed country: restrict anyone to his home, locality, vil­ here [in Russia] since it did not succeed in attrac­ lage or town; forbid anyone to make use of his ting the best of the Jewish youth." The hold of own private property; impose police surveillance Zionism on the Jewish people is the legacy of de­ on any individual and order him to report to a feat, despair, and the triumph of political reaction. police station several times a day; bar an individ­ Today, however, we are in the midst of a new ual from seeking work or accepting a job." upsurge in the world revolution. Zionism, with its appeal to anti-Arab racism, its acceptance of

the status quo, and its alliance with American oy The Other Israel: The Radical Case Against imperialism, will once again fail to attract the best Catholic hierarchy organized demonstration of 5,000 Zionism. Edited by Arie Bober. Doubleday, of the Jewish youth, both inside Israel and through­ in Chicago to protest Supreme Court decision legalizing New York, 1972. 264 pp. Paper, $2.50. out the world. -DAVE FRANKEL. abortion.

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 16, 1973 19 In Review Women's Racism heritage in the Our North American Fore­ mothers. Written by Anne Grant. electoral This dynamic, 60-minute multimedia slide show is aimed at writing women back ip.to history. The presentation process was put together by Anne Grant, na­ The Ethnic Factor: How America's tional education coordinator of the Minorities Decide Elections by National Organization for Women (NOW). Mark R. Levy and Michael S. Kra­ Tbe show opens by scanning the mer. Simon and Schuster. New gravestones of some nineteenth and York, 1972. 244 pp. Cloth, $7.95. twentieth century women. Their full Every election year brings a rash of names are not listed; rather, the in­ books attempting to analyze Ameri­ scriptions show them merely as the ca's voting trends. In contrast to ear­ wives of men. lier books on the subject, this one tries The slides outline the contr.ibutions Scene from 'Dragon lady's Revenge' to examine the effects of independent women have made as scientists and political campaigns. The authors also recognize-implic­ ~Dragon lady' itly at least-that the Democratic and Film Republican parties have failed to re­ The Dragon Lady's Revenge. Written, directed, designed, spond to the needs of Blacks, Chi­ artists, as educators, as suffragists and composed by the San Francisco Mime Troupe. canos, and Puerto Ricans. Of partic­ and feminists, as trade unionists, as ular interest is the information they writers, as participants in the Black Tbe San Francisco Mime Troupe toured their latest production, include on how undemocratic election liberation struggle and in the fight The Dragon Lady's Revenge, through the Southern states last fall, laws disenfranchise these oppressed for Puerto Rican independence. finishing up in New York, where they opened just before Christ­ nationalities. The show includes Rosa Parks, mas. Their audience built up rapidly as word got around, and The drives to register Blacks, Chi­ whose determination to disregard the they extended their stay by several weeks, moving from one avail­ canos, and Puerto Ricans to vote have Jim Crow custom of Blacks giving able theater to another with the ease of veteran guerrillas in oc­ more often than not been motivated up seats to whites led to the Mont­ cupied territory. Which on the cultural level, at least, is exactly by partisan politics, Levy and Kramer gomery bus boycott and the begin­ what they are. maintain. Frequently, however, a pol­ ning of the civil rights struggle. The The troupe has been in existence since 1959. Although its mem­ itician who stands to gain from such presentation also recounts the attempts bers have changed, the structure and ideology evolved by its activity will choose not to initiate reg- of Black women slaves to win their founder, R. G. Davis, have been tough enough and true enough freedom by any means necessary­ to withstand both coercion and co-optation. women such as Harriet Tubman and Davis decided that the old Italian commedia dell' arfe was the Margaret Garner. best starting point for a popular theater form- one that would Books Several Puerto Rican women are be flexible enough to find an audience, colorful enough to hold also pictured, including Lolita Le­ it, and organized enough to instruct it. The commedia's blend of istra tion drives for fear of upsetting bron, imprisoned to this day for her white voters. part in the 1954 attack on the U.S. In 1940 only 5 percent of voting­ age Blacks were registered. In 1970, Congress by Puerto Rican national­ Theatre this figure had climbed to 67 percent. ists. This dramatic gain came in part from Although there is an attempt to in­ acrobatics, bawdy humor, song, and dance gained it such popular court rulings against poll taxes and clude Native American women, the support that it survived for more than two centuries in spite of literacy tests; the Voting Rights Act show makes American history appear continual repression from authorities offended by its sharp and of 1965, passed as a result of civil to begin with the Pilgrims. astringent social comment. rights protests; and the voter regis­ Both the suffrage and trade union Over the years, the troupe has also turned to other popular tration drives in the South in the ear­ movements are included in the show, sources for ideas- the minstrel show, the morality play, the melo­ ly 1960s. although the full significance of some drama, and now with The Dragon Lady's Revenge, the comics. Current registration figures for Chi­ events is not always clearly under­ The style of this play, both visually and verbally, owes a lot canos and Puerto Ricans underscore lined. Included are the infamous Tri­ to "Terry and the Pirates." But the content, by the troupe's own the selective disenfranchisement of this angle Fire of 1911, in which 146 admission, is much closer to Ramparts magazine. section of the voting population. For women died, their deaths the direct The play is set in Long Pinh, the capital of a small country in example, less than 30 percent of all Southeast Asia in which a deadly struggle is being fought between eligible Puerto Rican voters in New (to use the words of the American ambassador) "the dreaded com­ York City are registered. munists" and the "clean white dove of capitalism." Levy and Kramer state there are In spite of their superior technology, the capitalists are being no legal barriers to an increased defeated as their troops turn into dope addicts. But the lucrative Spanish-speaking voter turnout. But drug trade itself is being run by corrupt local and U.S. officials. what they fail to point out is that The U. S. ambassador, Clyde Junker, is determined to clean the until the voting process becomes a scene, for his own reasons, as we later find out. This task is seem­ bilingual one, with Spanish-language ingly made more difficult by his ally, General Rong Q, and a mys­ registration materials and a Spanish terious U.S. counterinsurgency agent, both of whom are thriving ballot, there will continue to be a de on the profitable drug trade. facto barrier to voting by many Chi­ In a medley of absurd disguises, duels with words and duels canos and Puerto Ricans. with swords, grunts and grimaces, songs and and_ sermons, the The authors assert that Chicanos plot unfolds like a treasure hunt-between the clues you can have "lack political sophistication" and have fun with. your friends. therefore not responded in large num­ result of the employers' negligence; "We are prepared to offer you the presidency for life," says Junker bers to independent Chicano cam­ the suffrage demonstrations during to Rong Q. "Through free and democratic elections," he adds, to paigns or to the campaigns of Chi­ World War I; and the various fights a jeer from the audience. cano Democrats. They relegate the im­ .of women in the textile industry for Perhaps the best line comes from the Dragon Lady herself, who pressive electoral victories of the Raza distributes drugs through the bar she owns. Offered a million dol­ better working conditions. The show Unida Party in Crystal City, Texas, to lars to take her drug trade anywhere the U.S. does not have an tells· the story of Margaret Sanger and a footnote. army, she replies sweetly, "And where would that be, ambassador?" Mary Ware Demuett's struggle to build It is doubtful whether they would In the end, Mr. Big, the sinister mastermind behind the drug a movement for the right to birth view Raza Unida's achievement of trade, is unmasked and turns out to be the American ambassa­ control. Texas ballot status in 1972 as mean­ dor himself! And the people of Long Pinh chorus their belief in Our North American Foremothers ingful. In their terms, independent can­ eventual victory, led by Blossom, a "B-girl" in Dragon Lady's bar didates who don't get elected are rel­ is a powerful statement about the heri­ who is also a revolutionary fighter. They are joined by the Dragon tage of women. The enthusiasm of evant only insofar as they affect the Lady herself and the ambassador's son, an Army officer. election of a Republican or Democrat. its audiences demonstrates how eager The Mime _Troupe has something to say, and they say it with women are to learn their own history. This book makes interesting read­ vitality. Schools, colleges, and other institutions who would like ing for anyone who wants to be re­ · Tbe program is available for rental. to' be included in future tours by the troupe should contact them at minded about what a dirty business For further information, contact "An. the address below. People involved in radical theater themselves the elections in this country really' Honest Look," History Project of the might benefit from the troupe's theory and experiences as sum­ are. -JUDY UHL National Organization for Women, marized in Guerrifla Theater Essays, a pamphlet available from 617 49 St., Brooklyn, N.Y. 11220. the San Francisco Mime Troupe, 450 Alabama St., San Francisco, Telephone: (212) 854-7147. Calif. 94110. -DIANNE FEELEY One, two, three, many Mime Troupes! -IAN WHITECROSS

20 'TRIBAL CHIEFS' HELP EXPLOIT INDIAN L By SKIP BALL kets and gives them out, has hog reason why the BIA allows corpora­ DENVER-Most corporate exploita­ roasts and the like." tions to take over Indian property. / tion of Indian lands in this country Of course Keeler's opponents, living "We have in this country," he feels, is carried out legally with the com­ lives more closely akin to those of "an energy crisis. What it boils down plicity of official tribal leaders. most Indians, didn't have the re­ to is that Indian people are actually This seems strange until one knows sources to hold feasts. Keeler was elec­ in control of the energy source. This who those official leaders are and how ted. is the coal, the natural gas, the oil, they got in a position to sign away Stevens also related how a popular the water rights, the timber. Indian lands without the permission opponent of Nixon-appointed Choc­ "Because of this energy crisis," and, in most cases, even the knowl­ taw Chief Blevins was eliminated. Stevens continued, "we also have the edge of the people whose mineral Blevins found out his opponent was' case of Peabody Coal, which secured rights and land are being given away. under 34 years of age. So he had his at Black Mesa rights to Navajo coal. Vern Stevens, a Denver Indian lead­ council make 34 the m'inimum age This is ceremonial ground, ana the er, used to be an industrial adviser to be eligible to run for chief. The new chairman of the Navajos is chal­ to Indian-exploiting companies. He councils are also, according to lenging the way they got this coal." has a whole series of documents that Stevens, appointed by "higher bodies" Stevens hopes to publicize these show how the tribal structure, as es­ of the tribe largely under the control crimes against Indians through court tablished by the Bureau of Indian of the chief. battles. He seeks to challenge the con­ Affairs (BIA), is used to rip off Ameri­ With this setup, it is more under­ stitutionality of allowing chiefs or un­ can Indians and pad the pockets of standable how the official leaders of democratically appointed councils to corporations. the most downtrodden oppressed na­ give away lands and rights. He does Take for example the chief of the tionality in this country can sign away not, however, expect much from the Cherokees, W. W. Keeler. Keeler, who mineral rights, even ceremonial courts. has the power to give away the rights grounds, to greedy corporations. "We're challenging the U.S. govern­ to the tribe's oil-rich lands in Okla­ Stevens, president of the Profession­ ment; we're challenging the method of homa and Wyoming, is also presi­ al Indian Businessmen's Association justice; we're challenging the U.S. dent of Phillips Petroleum, a major of America, says he has documents courts and the method of their opera­ recipient of Cherokee charity. he either signed or witnessed that tion. As far as we're concerned, the How did he land his chieftanship? show how the BIA operates and how judicial system in our country is sick­ The same way BIA procedure has it covers up its dirtier operations. for any race. long awarded such positions-by One case concerns a charcoal-burn­ "We know what rigged trials are, presidential appointment. ing plant the Oklahoma Indian Op­ we have been through them. We are From now on, however, chiefs must portunities program set up. Although not going in with any illusions; we be elected. But the appointed chiefs 010 originally procured grants to don't think we're going to come out can easily deal with this inconve­ build two sawmills, it built the char­ in grand style. But one thing we are nience. coal plant instead, and on Cherokee going to win is an awful lot of pub­ Stevens told The Afilitant how it's land. Stevens said his documents show lic support," he said. done: that a majority of the Cherokee tribe's "There is a tribal newspaper. Keeler land boarri are on the oro payroll. Coming out of this, Stevens hopes, gets coverage, his opponents don't. Of $45,000 secured for the operation "will undoubtedly be a good little bit He has x number of millions of dol­ from the federal poverty funds and of protest and demonstrations, and lars to campaign with. Whatever he $45,000 from the Ford Foundation, this will be one of the most beautiful wants to do, he does. Around elec­ "only $30,000 of all this money ever things that could happen because this tion time, there are lots of hungry Native American activist during Bureau showed up on this project," he claims. is what the government understands­ Indians around, so he takes food bas- of Indian Affairs takeover last November. Stevens believes there is a special pressure." 110111 LEADERS, REPORTER, ARRESTED BY FBI By MIRTA VIDAL Native Americans. Whitten had been Anita Collins. The three were later Two Native American leaders, Hank going through the papers for infor­ released without bail. A preliminary Adams and Anita Collins, and a re­ mation for Anderson's column. hearing has been set for Feb. 15 to porter for Jack Anderson's newspaper On several occasions since the BIA determine whether to bring the case column, Les Whitten, were arrested occupation, Adams had returned ma­ before a grand jury. by the FBI Jan. 31. They were terials taken from the BIA to an FBI In his Feb. 4 column in the Wash- charged with receiving stolen govern­ agent. This time, however, the FBI ington Post, Anderson commented: ment property. chose to arrest Adams, along with "The Federal authorities would like The arrest took place as Adams Whitten, who was covering the story. to stop the embarrassing stories the and Whitten were returning three box­ Indians have given us from the Bra- es of documents obtained during the According to accounts in the Wash- ken Treaties Papers.... " But, he add­ takeover of the Bureau of Indian Af­ ington Post, the FBI had learned of ed, "No amount of government ba­ fairs building last November. The the intention to return the documents rassment will stop us from printing documents contained information ex­ that morning from an undercover FBI these facts, which we believe the pub­ po sing the B lA' s role in exploiting agent, who then proceeded to arrest lie is entitled to know."

The American Way of Life Michael Baumann Jobless vets: ~worse than ~Nam' The door has been broken for a long time at "Everyone's desperate," Leon Andrews, a 24- ' looking for a job driving a truck here, every­ the veterans welfare center in midtown Manhat­ year-old vet, told the Daily News. You never know one told me I needed experience." tan. Instead of replacing the glass, they nailed if you're going to get waited on. Dave Blalock, 24, says, "I learned communi­ up thick steel sheets. "Guys come in so damn early," he continued, cations in the Army, but when I went down to the The glass "was smash.ed into a tli.ousand pieces "because they know if they got in late they defi­ phone company, they told me they had a 14-month a couple of times during the crush around the nitely wouldn't get help. They need money for waiting list. I looked all around Wall Street. One door," an employee at the center explained to rent, for food, for their kids. And even if they guy just laughed at me." Michael Pouser of the New York Daily News. do get in, they might be told to come back Mon­ Alex Santiago is 20. He returned from Vietnam "I guess they thought it was a poor investment." day, or God knows when. It's a mess here, worse last August, hasn't been able to find a job since. They were probably right. than 'Nam." "I've been looking for something in the construc­ There are no jobs for more than 16,000 of A few of the men on line told what had hap­ tion field, and you know what they told me?" the veterans who live in New York City, but the pened to them when they went to look for work. he asked, "They told me I had to be 21. I wasn't cramped, dingy center at Eighth Avenue and 35th old enough!" Street can't even begin to cope with their num­ "I watch them feed my name into a computer Benny Santana thought he'd been a little luck­ bers, let alone take care of their needs. at the unemployment office," said Richard Smith, ier. "After looking for six months," he says, "I To make sure they just get inside, the vets who was wounded at Khe Sanh. "The computer finally got a job with a take-home salary of $65 start lining up at 3:30 a.m. By 8, the line fre­ spins and the counselor looks at it and tells me, a week. A few weeks later I told my boss I was quently stretches a block and a half. When the 'Nothing for you today, Mr. Smith.'" quitting to take a better job. center opens at 9, the men have to shove with Don Arazosa got the runaround too. ". . . I "It was a He. I couldn't bring myself to tell him all their might to get through the door. That's drove a truck in Vietnam," he says, and was that after paying for my family expenses, I couldn't why steel ~lating is more practical than glass. wounded three times. Yet when I went around even afford to take a subway to work."

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 16, 1973 21 for the next step forward in the To supplement their physical The women's liberation movement has struggle. threats, Tombs officials have resorted won a signal victory with this recog­ .. .speedup A key element determining what will to other tested methods of halting re­ nition of women's right to control their Continued from page 12 happen in South Vietnam will bewhich bellion. They are dividing up the own bodies. But the cardinals remain closings, layoffs, and selective hiring of these two courses is followed by the members of the Defense Service, put­ in irreconcilable opposition to the Su- could be repeated in every section of NLF and the North Vietnamese ting them on separate floors. As Sonni _preme Court ruling and are mobiliz­ the country with the same results. The leaders. Pyles explained, "They are so afraid ing sentiment to overturn that deci­ job squeeze is everywhere. Both Moscow and Peking are when a group of men band together sion. Those workers who find themselves putting pressure on the Vietnamese to fight for themselves that they try We say to them: Stick to your busi­ without jobs as a result of automation, to accept the path of "conducting the to disband you." ness of controlling immortal souls. consolidation, and rationalization of policy of national concord," to use Furthermore, severa! members have But keep your hands off the bodies industry cannot share in the jubilation Brezhnev's words. Both Stalinist bu­ been arbitrarily denied permission to of women and our democratic right over this "healthy" state of affairs, reaucratic leaderships want to dispose attend religious services- the only op­ to control our bodies! whether in publishing, printing, steel, of the "Vietnam affair" as quickly as portunity they have to contact men or any other industry. possible, whatever the consequences on floors outside of their own. The structural unemployment that to the Vietnamese, for the sake of im­ In the face of these threats, the In­ is a built-in feature of highly efficient proved relations with Washington. mate Defense Service is determined to technological deyelopment under capi­ In this regard, one of the most step up its fight. Referring to the tre­ talism is a challenge to the union ominous features of the accords is the mendous pressures put on him to sim­ ... Atlanta movement. If the unions fail to solve Continued from page 17 part calling for an international con­ ply give up, James told me, "This this contradiction of labor-saving tech­ Georgia legislature. Open hearings are ference to "guarantee peace" in Viet­ is my life. And I've got to fight for nology that creates a harder life for being held, and reactionary forces are nam. This conference is scheduled to my life. I've got to stand up and fight the worker, then they cannot long pushing for its defeat. The SWP candi­ open Feb. 26. It can only result in for my human rights and not let these survive in their present form. The fail­ dates, as well as the Georgia National intensifying the pressure on the Viet­ people take me like this. If you let ure to cope with this problem is one Organization for Women, the Georgia of the reasons for the present general namese from Moscow and Peking as go, they're going to take you." Women's Political Caucus, and other tendency of the unions to merge, some well as from Washington to pursue . Prepared to give their lives to the feminist organizations, are preparing of them otherwise facing extinction. a policy of containing the mass strug­ struggle that took Malcolm X and to fight for its passage. The solution to the problem is no gles that are likely to emerge for the George Jackson and countless other The Atlanta Chamber of Commerce mystery. It is a shorter work day with sake of "national reconciliation" with Black fighters, the inmates we inter­ is bending over backward to project no reduction in pay, the same answer the Saigon regime. viewed pointed out that if they aban­ an image of Atlanta as an "interna­ the union movement advanced in an doned their goals, they would end tional city." They point to the earlier period when it fought for the up in the position of so many of their proposed world trade center and in­ eight-hour day. Modern technology fellow inmates who quietly and de­ ternational airport as examples of dictates the need of the six-hour day. ... Tombs spairingly hang themselves in their Atlanta's "internationalism." Continued from page J 3 cells. "If we didn't believe in some­ Linda Jenness's speech to the ban­ of dealing with those who rebel against thing, we would have to give up," quet counterposed the real meaning of its injustice. Some find themselves sud­ Eugene James concluded. internationalism to their shallow ... accords denly declared legally insane and sent hypocrisy. She spoke of the need to Continued from page 9 to a special prison. Others are mur­ continue to defend the struggles of the Vietnamese people in the face of mean a major setback for the Viet­ dered in cold blood and labeled as Nixon's "peace settlement" and the be­ namese struggle, and a demoraliza­ suicides. Yet the four have by no ... Church trayal of the revolution by the bureau­ tion and demobilization of the masses. means averted victimization. Continued from page J 5 crats in Moscow and Peking. The strategy of organizing and lead­ On Nov. 8, Timbuk Pyles awoke economically and physically wrecked Jenness ended her speech by stating ing the masses in struggle around the in the middle of the night with the by too many births. Nor do the multi­ that "your campaign in Atlanta this urgent needs of the workers and peas­ painful sensation that his arm was tudes of unwanted, neglected children year will also show the people of ants in South Vietnam is the opposite on fire. Looking down, he saw that fare any better. Robbed of adequate Georgia what real internationalism perspective. But this strategy will in­ his skin was being eaten away. Taken care,. protection, and education, what means and what the socialist alterna­ evitably lead to massive struggle to Bellevue Hospital, he was told by kind of "right to life" do they have? tive would mean to people around against the Saigon regime. A "Na­ doctors that some lye-like chemical How sacred are the wasted lives of the world." tional Council of National Reconcilia­ had been poured on his arm. As his these progeny? Apart from those who After more than $1,000 was raised tion and Concord" could not possibly cell was locked, he can only assume happen to be born in well-to-do fam­ for the campaign, Elaine Kolb, function under such circumstances. his attacker was a sadistic prison ilies, the "sacred unborn" are only a member of the Atlanta Lesbian­ This course would not be inconsis­ guard. promised the right to life- a promise Feminist Alliance, sang. In a beautiful tent with a retreat from the previous When he finally saw a lawyer a that is not delivered. For the essence and moving voice she told of the level of armed conflict, if this is dic­ month later, the attorney was told of human life is not to be wasted, agony and anger of millions of tated by the relationship of forces. No by Bellevue authorities that no Tim­ not to be thrust into an animal-like women through songs such as one could fault the Vietnamese fighters buk Pyles had ever been there. Now existence. "I Sing the Song of Women," "Though for this adjustment if they are forced Sonni Pyles also has reason to fear The black-robed jurists of the cap­ I'll Never Be a Lady, I Don't Want to make it. If explained clearly, such for his life, as several verbal threats italist state have made a significant to Be a Man," and "Let's Take a Fight­ a policy would prepare the masses have been made against him. concession in the realm of abortion. ing Stand," all written by her. Socialist Directory ALABAMA: Tuscaloosa: YSA, P. 0. Box 5462, University, Ala. 35486. KENTUCKY: Lexington: YSA, P. 0. Box 952, University Station, lexing­ Cincinnati: YSA, c/o C. R. Mitts, P. 0. Box 32084, Cincinnati, Ohio 45232 ARIZONA: Phoenix: YSA, c/o Angelo Mercure, P. 0. Box 890, Tempe, ton, Ky. 40506. Tel: (513) 242-6132. Ariz. 85281. MARYLAND: College Parle YSA, University P. 0. Box 73, U of Md., Cleveland: SWP and YSA, 4420 Superior Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 44103. CALIFORNIA: Berkeley-Oakland: SWP ond YSA, 3536 Telegraph Ave., College Park, Md. 207 42. Tel: (216) 391-5553. Oakland, Calif. 94609. Tel: (415) 654-9728. MASSACHUSETTS: Amherst: YSA, R. S. 0. Box 324, U of Mass., Amherst, Columbus: YSA, c/o Daryl Drobnick, 1510 Georgesville Rd., Colum­ Chico: YSA, c/o Kathy Isabell, 266 E. Sacramento Ave., Chico, Calif. Mass. 01002. bus, Ohio 43228. 95926. Baston: SWP and YSA, c/o Militant labor Forum, 655 Atlantic Ave., Toledo: YSA, c/o Shannon O'Toole, 1606 Freeman St., •2, Toledo, Ohio Los Angeles: SWP and YSA, 11071/2 N. Western Ave., los Angeles, Third Floor, Boston, Mass. 02111. Tel: SWP-(617) 482-8050, YSA­ 43606. Tel: (419) 472-2592. Calif. 90029. Tel: SWP-(213) 463-1917, YSA-(213) 463-1966. (617) 482-8051; Issues and Activists Speaker's Bureau (IASB) and Re­ Yellow Springs: YSA, Antioch College Union, Yellow Springs, Ohio Riverside: YSA, c/o Don Andrews, 3408 Florida, Riverside, Calif. 92507. gional Committee- (617) 482-8052; Pathfinder Books- (617) 338-8560. 45387. Sacramento: YSA, c/o Norm Holsinger, 817a 27 St., Sacramento, Calif. MICHIGAN: Detroit: SWP, YSA, Eugene V. Debs Hall, 3737 Woodward OREGON: Eugene: YSA, c/o Dave Hough, 1 216 1/2 li nco In, Eugene, 95816. Tel: (916) 447-1883. Ave., Detroit, Mich. 48201. Tel: (313) TEI-6135. Ore. 97401. San Diego: Militant Bookstore, SWP and YSA, 5617 El Cajc·n Blvd., East Lansing: YSA, Second Floor Offices, Union Bldg., Michigan State Portland: SWP and YSA, 208 S. W. Stark, Room 201, Portland, Ore. San Diego, Coli!. 92115. Tel: (714) 582-3352. University, East lansing, Mich. 48823. 97204. Tel: (503) 226-2715. Son Francisco: SWP, YSA, Militant labor Forum, and Pioneer Books, Mt. Pleasant: YSA, P.O. Box 98, Warriner Hall, CMU, MI. Pleasant, PENNSYLVANIA: Edinboro: YSA, Edinboro State College, Edinboro, 2338 Market St., San Francisco, Calif. 94114. Tel: (415) 626-9958. Mich. 48858. Po. 16412. Son Jose: YSA, c/o Chico Aldape, 543 S. 9th, *5, San Jose, Calif. MINNESOTA: Minneapolis-St. Paul: SWP, YSA, and labor Bookstore, Philadelphia: SWP and YSA, 1004 Filbert St. (one block north of Mar­ 95112. Tel: (408) 286-8492. 1 University N. E. (at E. Hennepin) Second Floor, Mpls. 55413. Tel: (612) ket), Philadelphia, Pa. 19107. Tel: (215) WA5-4316. San Mateo: YSA, c/o Chris Stanley, 1712 Yorktown Rd., San Mateo, 332-7781. Calif. 97330. MISSOURI: Kansas City: YSA, c/o Student Activities Office, U of Mis­ RHODE ISLAND: Providence: YSA, P. 0. Box 117, Annex Sta., Provi­ Santa Barbaro: YSA, c/o Carolyn Marsden, 413 Shasta ln., Santa souri at Kansas City, 5100 Rockhill Road, Kansas City, Mo. 64110. dence, R.I. 02901. Militant Bookstore: 88 Benevolent St. Tel: (401) 331- Barbara, Calif. 93101. St. Louis: YSA, P.O. Box 8037, St. louis, Mo. 63156. Tel: (314) 371- 1480. COLORADO: Boulder: YSA, c/o UMC Hostess Desk, U of Colorado, 1503. SOUTH DAKOTA: Sioux Falls: YSA, c/o Deb Rogers, Box 1658, Au­ Boulder, Colo. 80302. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Portsmouth: YSA, P. 0. Box 479, Durham, N.H. gustana College, Sioux Falls, S.Dak. 57102. Denver: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 1203 California, Denver, 03824. TENNESSEE: Nashville: YSA, 1214 17th Ave. S., Nashville, Tenn. Colo. 80204. Tel: (303) 623-2825. Bookstore open Mon.-Sat., 10:30 a.m. NEW JERSEY: Red Bank: YSA, P. 0. Box 222, Rumson, N.J. 07760. 37212. Tel: (615) 292-8827. -7 p.m. NEW MEXICO: Albuquerque: YSA, c/o Kathy Helmer, 9920 Leyen­ TEXAS: Austin: YSA and SWP, P. 0. Box 7753, University Station, Aus­ CONNECTICUT: Hartford: YSA, c/o Bob Quigley, 427 Main St. *206, decker Rd. N.E., Albuquerque, N.M. 87112. Tel.(505)296-6230. li n; Texas 78712. Tel: (512) 478-8602. Hartford, Conn. 06103. Tel: (203) 246-6797. Houston: SWP and YSA and Pathfinder Books, 6409 lyons Ave., Hous­ New Haven: YSA, P.O. Box 185, New Haven, Conn. 06501. NEW YORK: Binghamton: YSA, Box 1073, Harpur College, Binghamton, ton, Texos 77020. Tel: (713) 67 4-0612. Storrs: YSA, U of Conn., P. 0. Box 344, Storrs, Conn. 06268. N.Y. 13901. Tel: (607)798-4142. Lubbock: YSA, c/o Tim McGovern, P. 0. Box 5090, Tech. Station, lub­ FtORIDA: Tallahassee: YSA, c/o Sarah Ryan, 1806 lake Bradford Rd., Brooklyn: SWP and YSA, 136 lawrence St. (at Willoughby), Brooklyn, bock, Texas 79409. Tal~ahassee, Fla. 32304. N.Y.11201. Tel: (212)596-2849. San Antonio: YSA, c/o P.O. Box774, Son Antonio, Texas 78202. GEORGIA: A~anto: Militant Bookstore, 68 Peachtree St. N. E., Third Long Island: YSA, P.O. Box 357,Roosevelt,l.l., N.Y. 11575. Tel: (516) VERMONT: Burlington: YSA, c/o John Franco, 241 Malletts Bay Ave., Floor, Atlanta, Ga. 30303. SWP and YSA, P. 0. Box 846, Atlanta, Ga. FR9-0289. Winooski, Vt. 05404. 30301. Tel: (404) 523-0610. New York City-City-wide SWP and YSA, 706 Broadway (4th St.), WASHINGTON, D. C.: SWP and YSA, 7 46 9th St. N. W., Second Floor, ILLINOIS: Carbondale: YSA, c/o lawrence Roth/Mark Harris, 505 S. Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. 10003. Tel: (212)982-8214. Wash., D. C. 20001. Tel: (202)783-2363. Graham, *341, Carbondale, Ill. 62901. Lower Manhattan: SWP, YSA, and Merit Bookstore, 706 Broadway WASHINGTON: Pullman: YSA, c/o Dean W. Johnson, 1718 A St., Chicago: SWP, YSA, and bookstore, 180 N. Wacker Dr., Room 310, (4th St.), Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. 10003. Tel: SWP, YSA-(212) Pullman, Wash. 99163. Chicago, Ill. 60606. Tel: SWP-(312) 641-0147, YSA-(312) 641-0233. 982-6051; Merit Books- (212)982-5940. Seattle: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 5257 University Way N. E., INDIANA: Bloomington: YSA, c/o Student Activities Desk, Indiana Uni­ Upper West Side: SWP and YSA, 2744 Broadway (106th St.), New Seattle, Wash. 98105. Hrs. II a. m.-8 p.m., Mon.-Sat. Tel: (206) 523- versity, Bloomington, Ind. 47401. York, N.Y. 10025. Tel: (212)663-3000. 2555. IOWA: Cedar Falls: YSA, c/o MarkJacobsen, 2310 College St., Apt. B, OHIO: Bawling Green: YSA, c/o Sharon Rees, 212 Prout Hall, Bowl­ WISCONSIN: Madison: YSA, c/o James levitt, 411 W. Gorham St., Cedar Falls, lowa50613. Tel: (319) 277-2544. ing Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43402. Madison, Wis. 53703. Tel: (608) 257-2835.

22 editor of Lesbian Tide; Arlie ScoH, action coordinator of the National Organization for Women; Connie Trip­ pel, los Angeles Abortion Action Committee; and Z. Budapest, West Side Women's Center. Tues., Feb. 13, 8 p.m. Ash Grove, 8162 Melrose Ave. For more Calendar information contact LAWAAC, Box 85441, los Angeles, ATLANTA Calif. 90072. Telephone: (213)653-2075. MILITANT BOOKSTORE FORUM SERIES. Held every week on topics of interest- the Black struggle, women's NEW YORK: LOWER MANHATTAN THE liberation, the Vietnamese revolution, socialism- pan­ WOMEN AGAINST HOLLYWOOD. Panel discussion els, films, guest speakers, debates. Every Friday, 8:30 with feminist film critics and Iii mmakers. Speakers: p.m., 68 Peachtree St., downtown Atlanta. For infor­ Amalie Rothschild, filmmaker; Lucille Iverson, feminist mation call (404)523-061 0. poet and Iii m critic; Gail Rock, contributor to Ms. and former film critic lor Women's Wear Daily. Fri., Feb. BOSTON 16, 8 p.m. 706 Broadway (4th St.), Eighth Floor. Do­ INTRODUCTORY OFFER MALCOLM X: HIS LEGACY FOR THE BLACK STRUGGLE. nation: $], h. s. students 50c. Sponsored by Militant Panel: Paul Boutelle, Socialist Workers Party 1968 Forum. vice-presidential candidate; Hussein Adams, professor and director of Afro and Afro-American studies at NEW YORK: UPPER WEST SIDE Brandeis University; and others. Fri., Feb. 16, 8 p.m. THREE MD THS/81 DALLAS-FORT WORTH 5 DEFENSE CASE; U.S. per­ ) $] for three months of The Militant. 655 Atlantic Ave., Third Floor (opp. South Sta.). Do­ secution of Irish activists. Speakers: Frank Durkan, nation: $], h. s. students 50c. Sponsored by Militant legal counsel; Eileen Crimmins, member of defense ( ) $2 for three months of The Militant Labor Forum. For more information call (617) 482- committee. Fri., Feb. 16, 8 p.m. 2744 Broadway (near and three months of the International Socialist Review. 8050. 1 05th St.) Donation: $], h. s. students 50c. Sponsored ( ) $5 for one year of The Militant. ( ) $].50 for six months of The Militant for Gls. by West Side Militant Forum. For more information CHICAGO call (21 2) 663-3000. NEW ATTACKS ON THE PRESS AND REPORTERS. ( ) New ( ) Renewal Speakers: Bruce Bloy, Socialist Workers Party, former PHILADELPHIA NAME------member of Newspaper Guild, Militant correspondent; PHILADELPHIA SOCIALIST FORUMS presents a weekly ADDRESS------­ Ron Dorfman, editor, Chicago Journalism Review; Wal­ forum each Friday at 8 p.m. at the University of Penn­ CITY STATE------Zl P----­ lie Sadik, Black radio personality, former host of no-_ sylvania's Houston Hall, 3417 Spruce St., Second Floor. 11 11 tionally televised Biack Journol ; Francis Ward, re­ l4Charleslane, New York, N.Y. 10014 porter for Midwest bureau of Los Angeles Times. Fri., SAN FRANCISCO Feb. 16, 8 p.m. 180 N. Wacker Dr., Room 310. Do­ MALCOLM X: THE MAN AND HIS IDEAS. Speaker: nation: $], students 75c. Ausp. Militant Forum. For Ken Miliner, Socialist Workers Party candidate lor more information call (312)641-0147. Berkeley city council. Fri., Feb. 16, 8 p.m. 2338 Mar­ ket St. Donation: $], h.s. students 50c. Sponsored CLEVELAND by Militant Labor Forum. For more information call ABORTION: A WOMAN'S RIGHT TO CHOOSE. A pan­ (415)626-9958. el discussion with speakers from Cleveland women's liberation and abortion groups. Fri., Feb. 16, 8 p.m. SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Debs Hall, 4420 Superior Ave. Donation: $], h. s. MARXIST RADIO COMMENTARY. listen to Theodore students and unemployed 50c. For more information Edwards, spokesman for the Socialist Workers Party, call (216) 391-5553. on his weekly radio program, 2 p.m. every Satur­ day, KPFK-FM, 90.7. DENVER THE FIRING OF CHICANO EDUCATOR JOSE CAL­ TWIN CITIES DERON. Speakers to be announced. Fri., Feb. 16, NORTHERN IRELAND TODAY- A YEAR AFTER BLOODY 8 p.m. Militant Bookstore, 1203 California St. Dona­ SUNDAY. 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THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 16, 1973 23 THE MILITANT Hayward Black victims of Detroit police Brown terror speak out at hearing faces By RONALD LOCKETT Refusing to answer her question his temple, and told, "Nigger, if you frame-up DETROIT, Feb. 6-The Black Inde­ about what they wanted, they "cussed" breathe loud I'll blow your brains pendent Commission of Inquiry into her out, pushed her up against her out." This incident has been widely Police Terror held the first of five car, and called her a "Black bitch," reported in the media. After the inci­ scheduled hearings here last night. Ten among other things. She said she had dent police said they had raided the in Detroit witnesses testified before the commis­ reported the incident to the Citizens' wrong house. DETROIT, Feb. 3- Hayward Brown, sioners and more than 200 spectators Complaint Bureau but had received A common theme running through 18, finished a series of six arraign­ at the New Calvary Baptist Church no satisfaction. all the testimony was that something ments last week. He is charged with on Detroit's East Side. James Purvey was stopped by police had to be done about STRESS and attempted murder in the Dec. 4 shoot­ A revolving commission of more while driving home about 7:30 p.m. the police department or Blacks would ing of four STRESS officers, and with than 20 politicians, lawyers, and ac­ Feb. 3. The cops asked for his license, be forced to defend themselves guns in first-degree murder in the killing of a tivists from the Black community is but refused to tell him why. When he hand, with another rebellion like that Detroit policeman Dec. 27. He is also conducting the hearings. Seated for demanded to know, he was beaten of 1967 in the offing. last night's hearing were Jim Ingrams with a flashlight. He was arrested, The commission announced that the charged with firebombing the Planned of the Michigan Chronicle; Larry Nev- charged with resisting an officer, and fifth hearing in the series would hear Parenthood League Jan. 12. Brown was bound over for trial on nine charges. The prosecution's case is already weakening as key wit­ nesses ei~er failed to identify Brown or contradicted themselves. In the sixth -arraignment, covering the alleged firebombing, the chief witness for the prosecution was unable to iden­ tify Brown as one of the men she saw throwing the firebomb. The judge ordered Brown to stand trial on this charge solely on the strength of testimony by patrolman Roger Studer, who claims he sat with Brown in the back of a squad car after Brown's arrest. Studer testified that Brown admitted the firebombing to him, started crying, and said, "I'll tell you anything you want to know." Brown is represented by attorneys Kenneth Cockrel, Dennis Archer, and Jeff Taft. Two other men, both Black, are Militant/Gene Yzquierda charged with the same crimes. They Black commtsston of inquiry listens to testimony at Detroit's New Calvary Baptist Church~ At extreme left is Vera Coleman, are John Percy Boyd, 23, and Mark cochairwoman of the commission. Seated, from left, are Gil Bass, larry Nevils, Frank Ditto, Rowley Smith, and Jim lngrams. Bethune, 22. These two are still at liberty. The issue of drugs in the Black community, especially heroin, looms proposals for action to end the police ils of UN I COM (United Community arraigned on $2,000 bond. As he large in the case. The Dec. 4 incident, named the policeman responsible and brutality. organization); and Stu House, an aide according to police, occurred as they gave his badge number, the crowd Two new commissioners have been to Congressman John Conyers. had a suspected "narcotics pad" under at the hearing broke into applause. added recently. They are David Hart­ Also Gene Cunningham from the surveillance. Police charge that the South End; Frank Ditto of the "Black man, president of the First Black N a­ three accused men were in a car out­ Talk" TV show; Rowley Smith, vice­ Anna Coleman related an incident tiona! Bank, and Judge Edward Bell, side the building. (On the basis of president of the Pan-African Congress; that is now well known throughout Black mayoral candidate. The African this they identified them to newsmen and Fred Durhall, president of the the Black community. On Dec. 29 she People's Movement has also an­ as dope pushers.) The police say they Association of Minority Pre-Law Stu­ was visiting friends, whose son had nounced its support for the commis­ dents at Wayne State University. Com­ gone to school with Hayward Brown. sion's activities. followed the three suspects, stopped their car, and the shoot-out began. mission coordinators Vera Coleman At that time Brown was being sought Support has been especially strong and Maceo Dixon cochaired the meet­ as a suspect in the shootings of Detroit at Wayne State University. The com­ However, in a Jan. 11 hearing into ing. policemen. mission has its headquarters in the As­ charges of police brutality called by She told the commissioners that at sociated Black Students offices there. the Detroit common council, relatives The hearing has received extensive 11:30 in the evening some 30 police The AB S has provided phones and of the three denied that they were dope publicity on the air and in the local kicked in the door to her friends' supplies for the effort. Most of the ac­ pushers. Instead, all testified that the papers. home, with shotguns, riot guns, and tivities involved in organizing support three were well-known opponents of The testimony exposed the brutality haudguns drawn. She and the three for the commission's work are Black drugs in the Black community. Some Black residents of Detroit suffer daily others present, all Black, were thrown students on the campus, and the uni­ suggested that they were involved in at the hands of the police. Some wit­ up against the wall. In a harrowing versity student newspaper, the South driving the real dope pushers out. nesses focused on the most recent wave 45-minute ordeal, they were subjected End, has publicized the commission's The public hearings. also heard of police terror following an incident to a stream of racist abuse from the work in daily articles. charges that the cops were protecting last December in which a member of white police. dope pushers. This accusation has the special Detroit police squad known She and her friend were taken to been substantiated by several recent as STRESS (Stop the Robberies­ separate rooms, forced to strip in front events. On Dec. 22, the Detroit News Enjoy Safe Streets) was killed. (See of the cops, who then physically reported a raid on the tenth precinct The Militant, Feb. 9.) Other testimony abused them, threatening to kill them police station by a special unit of the highlighted the "normal" harassment if they didn't comply. Afterwards, they police department. This raid, accord­ of Blacks by racist cops. were told this had been part of a ing to the News, was directed at more One middle-aged Black woman de­ search for Hayward Brown. than 25 policemen involved in drug scribed how her son was stopped by Anna Coleman's testimony was cor­ traffic: police while driving, ordered out of roborated by Sylvia Cleveland and The News later reported the arrest his car, and beaten unconscious. He Sandy McGee, who had also been pre­ of a Detroit cop on narcotics charges was later charged with fighting with sent during the assault. McGee told in Toronto, Canada. an officer! She warned that it "may the commission he had been beaten After the Dec. 4 shooting, the police by your son next week" unless some­ and his kneecap broken. He testified reported having every "known dope thing is done about the police. on crutches. James and Linda Purvey recounted In addition to other testimony,state­ house in the city under surveillance." two incidents of police harassment. ments were read into the record from This raised in the minds of many the Linda Purvey described the treatment the Reverend Leroy Cannon and Clif­ question of why the police, who have she received when four white STRESS ford Kelly. Cannon's house had been proved so adept at breaking down officers stopped her while she was "mistakenly" broken into Dec. 4 by doors of innocent Black citizens, are driving home from a Christmas din­ more than 15 cops. He was pushed so inept when it comes to dealing with ner. up against a wall, a rifle pointed at Maceo Dixon Militant/Gene Yzquierdo ''known dope pads."

24