2006 Convention: Going Back to Hamilton
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THE 39Th CONGRESS (1865-1867) and the 14Th AMENDMENT: SOME PRELIMINARY PERSPECTIVES
The University of Akron IdeaExchange@UAkron Akron Law Review Akron Law Journals June 2015 The 39th onC gress (1865-1867) and the 14th Amendment: Some Preliminary Perspectives Richard L. Aynes Please take a moment to share how this work helps you through this survey. Your feedback will be important as we plan further development of our repository. Follow this and additional works at: http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/akronlawreview Part of the Constitutional Law Commons, and the Fourteenth Amendment Commons Recommended Citation Aynes, Richard L. (2009) "The 39th onC gress (1865-1867) and the 14th Amendment: Some Preliminary Perspectives," Akron Law Review: Vol. 42 : Iss. 4 , Article 2. Available at: http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/akronlawreview/vol42/iss4/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Akron Law Journals at IdeaExchange@UAkron, the institutional repository of The nivU ersity of Akron in Akron, Ohio, USA. It has been accepted for inclusion in Akron Law Review by an authorized administrator of IdeaExchange@UAkron. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Aynes: The 39th Congress and the 14th Amendment AYNES_COPYFORPRINTER.DOC 6/30/2009 3:33 PM THE 39th CONGRESS (1865-1867) AND THE 14th AMENDMENT: SOME PRELIMINARY PERSPECTIVES Richard L. Aynes* I. Challenges Facing the 39th Congress .............................. 1027 A. Loss of Life and Property .......................................... 1027 B. Was the War Really Over? ........................................ 1028 C. Andrew Johnson and the Loss of Life ....................... 1035 II. Actions by the 39th Congress .......................................... 1036 III. The Overriding Goal of the 39th Congress: Ending the War and Securing the Peace for the Future .................... -
The Albany Rural Cemetery
<^ » " " .-^ v^'*^ •V,^'% rf>. .<^ 0- ^'' '^.. , "^^^v ^^^os. l.\''' -^^ ^ ./ > ••% '^.-v- .«-<.. ^""^^^ A o. V V V % s^ •;• A. O /"t. ^°V: 9." O •^^ ' » » o ,o'5 <f \/ ^-i^o ^^'\ .' A. Wo ^ : -^^\ °'yi^^ /^\ ^%|^/ ^'%> ^^^^^^ ^0 v^ 4 o .^'' <^. .<<, .>^. A. c /°- • \ » ' ^> V -•'. -^^ ^^ 'V • \ ^^ * vP Si •T'V %^ "<? ,-% .^^ ^0^ ^^n< ' < o ^X. ' vv-ir- •.-.-., ' •0/ ^- .0-' „f / ^^. V ^ A^ »r^. .. -H rr. .^-^ -^ :'0m^', .^ /<g$S])Y^ -^ J-' /. ^V .;••--.-._.-- %^c^ -"-,'1. OV -^^ < o vP b t'' ^., .^ A^ ^ «.^- A ^^. «V^ ,*^ .J." "-^U-o^ =^ -I o >l-' .0^ o. v^' ./ ^^V^^^.'^ -is'- v-^^. •^' <' <', •^ "°o S .^"^ M 'V;/^ • =.«' '•.^- St, ^0 "V, <J,^ °t. A° M -^j' * c" yO V, ' ', '^-^ o^ - iO -7-, .V -^^0^ o > .0- '#-^ / ^^ ' Why seek ye the living among the dead }"—Luke xxiv : s. [By i)ormission of Erastus Dow Palmer.] e»w <:3~- -^^ THE ALBANY RURAL ^ CEMETERY ITS F A3Ts^ 5tw copies printeil from type Copyn.y:ht. 1S92 Bv HKNkv 1*. PiiKi.rs l*lioto>;raphy by l*iiic MarPoiiaUl, Albany Typogrnpliy and Prcsswork by Brnndow l^rintinj; Comimny, Albany ac:knowledgments. rlfIS hook is tlir D/i/i^mio/fi of a proposilioii on lite pari ot the Iriixtccx to piihlisli a brief liislorv of the .llhaiiy Cemetery A ssoeiation, iiieliidiiiQa report of the eonseeration oration, poem and other exercises. It li'as snoocsted that it niioht be well to attempt son/e- thino- more worthy of the object than a mere pamphlet, and this has been done with a result that must spealc for itself. Jl'h/le it would be impi-aclicable to mention here all who have kindly aided in the zvork, the author desi/'cs to express his particular oblioations : To Mr. -
Student Impact
SUMMER 2018 NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION US POSTAGE 80 NEW SCOTLAND AVENUE PAID ALBANY, NEW YORK 12208-3494 PERMIT #161 ALBANY, NY 2018 REUNION SEPT. 20-22, 2018 VISIT THE NEW ALUMNI WEBSITE AT: ALUMNI.ALBANYLAW.EDU • VIEW UPCOMING PROGRAMS AND EVENTS • READ ALUMNI NEWS, SPOTLIGHTS, AND CLASS NOTES • SEARCH FOR CLASSMATES AND COLLEAGUES • UPDATE YOUR CONTACT INFORMATION STUDENT IMPACT ALSO SUMMER 2018 A DEGREE FOR ALBANY LAW SCHOOL’S ALEXANDER HAMILTON FIRST 50 YEARS 2017-2018 ALBANY LAW SCHOOL BOARD OF TRUSTEES CHAIR J. Kevin McCarthy, Esq. ’90 Mary Ann Cody, Esq. ’83 James E. Hacker, Esq. ’84 New York, NY Ocean Ridge, FL Albany, N.Y. David E. McCraw, Esq. ’92 Barbara D. Cottrell, Esq. ’84 New York, NY Hudson, NY SAVE THE DATE! VICE CHAIR Daniel P. Nolan, Esq. ’78 Donald D. DeAngelis, Esq. ’60 Debra F. Treyz, Esq. ’77 Albany, NY Delmar, NY Charleston, SC SEPTEMBER 20–22 Timothy D. O’Hara, Esq. ’96 Jonathan P. Harvey, Esq. ’66 SECRETARY Saratoga Springs, NY Albany, NY • Innovative New Reunion Programming Dan S. Grossman, Esq. ’78 Dianne R. Phillips, Esq. ’88 James E. Kelly, Esq. ’83 New York, NY Boston, MA Germantown, NY • Building Upon Established Traditions TREASURER Rory J. Radding, Esq. ’75 Stephen M. Kiernan, Esq. ’62 New York, NY Marco Island, FL Dale M. Thuillez, Esq. ’72 • Celebrating the Classes Ending in 3’s & 8’s Albany, NY Earl T. Redding, Esq. ’03 Hon. Bernard J. Malone, Jr. ’72 Albany, NY Delmar, NY MEMBERS Hon. Christina L. Ryba ’01 Matthew H. Mataraso, Esq. ’58 Jeanine Arden-Ornt, Esq. -
H. Doc. 108-222
THIRTY-NINTH CONGRESS MARCH 4, 1865, TO MARCH 3, 1867 FIRST SESSION—December 4, 1865, to July 28, 1866 SECOND SESSION—December 3, 1866, to March 3, 1867 SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE—March 4, 1865, to March 11, 1865 VICE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES—ANDREW JOHNSON, 1 of Tennessee PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE OF THE SENATE—LAFAYETTE S. FOSTER, 2 of Connecticut; BENJAMIN F. WADE, 3 of Ohio SECRETARY OF THE SENATE—JOHN W. FORNEY, of Pennsylvania SERGEANT AT ARMS OF THE SENATE—GEORGE T. BROWN, of Illinois SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES—SCHUYLER COLFAX, 4 of Indiana CLERK OF THE HOUSE—EDWARD MCPHERSON, 5 of Pennsylvania SERGEANT AT ARMS OF THE HOUSE—NATHANIEL G. ORDWAY, of New Hampshire DOORKEEPER OF THE HOUSE—IRA GOODNOW, of Vermont POSTMASTER OF THE HOUSE—JOSIAH GIVEN ALABAMA James Dixon, Hartford GEORGIA SENATORS SENATORS REPRESENTATIVES Vacant Vacant Henry C. Deming, Hartford REPRESENTATIVES 6 Samuel L. Warner, Middletown REPRESENTATIVES Vacant Augustus Brandegee, New London Vacant John H. Hubbard, Litchfield ARKANSAS ILLINOIS SENATORS SENATORS Vacant DELAWARE Lyman Trumbull, Chicago Richard Yates, Jacksonville REPRESENTATIVES SENATORS REPRESENTATIVES Vacant Willard Saulsbury, Georgetown George R. Riddle, Wilmington John Wentworth, Chicago CALIFORNIA John F. Farnsworth, St. Charles SENATORS REPRESENTATIVE AT LARGE Elihu B. Washburne, Galena James A. McDougall, San Francisco John A. Nicholson, Dover Abner C. Harding, Monmouth John Conness, Sacramento Ebon C. Ingersoll, Peoria Burton C. Cook, Ottawa REPRESENTATIVES FLORIDA Henry P. H. Bromwell, Charleston Donald C. McRuer, San Francisco Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield William Higby, Calaveras SENATORS Lewis W. Ross, Lewistown John Bidwell, Chico Vacant 7 Anthony Thornton, Shelbyville Vacant 8 Samuel S. -
CHAIRMEN of SENATE STANDING COMMITTEES [Table 5-3] 1789–Present
CHAIRMEN OF SENATE STANDING COMMITTEES [Table 5-3] 1789–present INTRODUCTION The following is a list of chairmen of all standing Senate committees, as well as the chairmen of select and joint committees that were precursors to Senate committees. (Other special and select committees of the twentieth century appear in Table 5-4.) Current standing committees are highlighted in yellow. The names of chairmen were taken from the Congressional Directory from 1816–1991. Four standing committees were founded before 1816. They were the Joint Committee on ENROLLED BILLS (established 1789), the joint Committee on the LIBRARY (established 1806), the Committee to AUDIT AND CONTROL THE CONTINGENT EXPENSES OF THE SENATE (established 1807), and the Committee on ENGROSSED BILLS (established 1810). The names of the chairmen of these committees for the years before 1816 were taken from the Annals of Congress. This list also enumerates the dates of establishment and termination of each committee. These dates were taken from Walter Stubbs, Congressional Committees, 1789–1982: A Checklist (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1985). There were eleven committees for which the dates of existence listed in Congressional Committees, 1789–1982 did not match the dates the committees were listed in the Congressional Directory. The committees are: ENGROSSED BILLS, ENROLLED BILLS, EXAMINE THE SEVERAL BRANCHES OF THE CIVIL SERVICE, Joint Committee on the LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, LIBRARY, PENSIONS, PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS, RETRENCHMENT, REVOLUTIONARY CLAIMS, ROADS AND CANALS, and the Select Committee to Revise the RULES of the Senate. For these committees, the dates are listed according to Congressional Committees, 1789– 1982, with a note next to the dates detailing the discrepancy. -
SILAS WRIGHT AMD TEE ANTI-RENT WAR, 18¥F-18^6
SILAS WRIGHT AMD TEE ANTI-RENT WAR, 18¥f-18^6 APPROVED: Ail Mayor Professor Minor Professor "1 director of the Department of History ,7 -7 ~_i_ ^ / lean'of the Graduate School" SILAS WEIGHT AND THE ANT I-BENT WAR, 18HV-18^-6 THESIS Presented to the Graduate Council of the North Texas State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS By Eldrldge PL Pendleton, B. A. Denton. Texas January, 1968 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS ii Chapter I. THE NEW YORK LEASEHOLD SYSTEM AND THE ANTI-RENT REBELLION 1 II. SILAS WRIGHT - RELUCTANT CANDIDATE 28 III. "MAKE NO COMPROMISES WITH ANY ISMS." 59 IV. THE FALL OF KING SILAS ............ 89 APPENDIX ... 128 BIBLIOGRAPHY 133 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Page 1. Leasehold Counties in New York 18V+-18V6 132 ii CHAPTER I THE NEW YORK LEASEHOLD SYSTEM AND THE ANTI-RENT REBELLION Silas Wright was one of the most universally respected Democrats of the Jacksonian period. As United States Senator from 1833 to 18M+, he established a record for political integrity, honesty, and courage that made him a valuable leader of the Democratic Party and gained for him the respect of the Whig opposition. Wright's position in Washington as a presidential liaison in the Senate caused him to play an influential role in both the Jackson and Van Bur9:1 administrations. He maintained a highly developed sense of political Idealism throughout his career. Although Wright was aware of the snares of political corruption that continually beset national politicians, his record remained irreproachable and untainted.^ The conditions of political life during the Jacksonian era were an affront to Wright's sense of idealism- Gradually disillusioned by the political . -
1957 Twentieth Publication of The
1957 1 OTT ? AKf Twentieth Publication of the Oswego County Historical Society PRINTERS OSWEGO, NEW YORK LIVING ROOM — HEADQUARTERS HOUSE List of Officers 1957 President Dr. Charles Snyder Mrs. Hugh Barclay J. C. Birdlebough Charles A. Denman Vice Presidents Grove A. Gilbert Rodney Johnson Fred John S. Johnston Charles A. Penney Alfred G. Tucker Recording Secretary Charles Groat Executive Secretary Anthony Slosek Treasurer ,.... Ray M. Sharkey Curator Anthony Slosek Program Chairman , Johnson Cooper Thomas A. Cloutier Mrs. Frank Elliott Board of Directors •( Ralph M. Faust Miss Anna Post Dr. W. Seward Salisbury 773S3 in Table of Contents OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY III TABLE OF CONTENTS .IV ANNUAL REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT V LEST WE FORGET VI & VII * BEFORE THE SOCIETY IN 1957 DEWITT C. LITTLEJOHN; A STUDY IN LEADERSHIP IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY. BUSINESSMAN AND POLITICIAN, PART I (presented by Dr. Charles M. Sny der, January 15, 1957) 1-11 PRELUDE TO CONTROVERSY BETWEEN SIR WILLIAM JOHNSON AND MAJOR GENERAL WILLIAM SHIRLEY IN THE NIAGARA AND CROWN POINT CAMPAIGNS (presented by Mr. Johnson Cooper, February 19, 1957) 12-25 EARLY ROADS IN OSWEGO COUNTY (presented by Mrs. C. Fred Peckham, March 19, 1957) 26-33 OLD CEMETERIES IN OSWEGO (presented by Mr. Anthony Slosek, April 16, 1957) 34-40 OSWEGO AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY (presented by Mr. Alfred G. Tucker, May 21, 1957) 41-42 COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY TOUR (August 17, 1957) 43 REMARKS OF DR. W. SEWARD SALISBURY AT ANNUAL TOUR OF THE SOCIETY (August 17, 1957) 44-45 HISTORY OF BALDWINSVILLE (presented by Mr. A. J. -
1 Nicolay, John G. an Oral History of Abraham Lincoln: John G. Nicolay's Interviews and Essays. Edited by Michael Burlingam
Nicolay, John G. An Oral History of Abraham Lincoln: John G. Nicolay’s Interviews and Essays. Edited by Michael Burlingame. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1996. Depression, 1-3 Mary Todd, 1-2 Owens letters, 3-5 Religion, 5 Inauguration, 5-6 Black Hawk War, 7 John T. Stuart, 7ff Illinois election, 10-11 Internal improvements, capital, 13 Lincoln at end of his life, 14 War and providence, 14-15 Oregon governorship, 15 McClellan, 16 Politics, 20 Law, 22 Clothes, 23 Broadsword duel, 27 Early politics, 28-29 Lincoln, Whig, 30-31 Good man who never played tricks, 31 Lincoln and 1858 campaign, 32-33 Surveyor, alcohol, 33 Lincoln speech on finance, 35 Early elections, popularity, 36 Removal of capital, 37 Alcohol, 38 Edward Baker, 38 Lawyer, 39 Trumbull, 1855 Senate election, 39 Simon Cameron, Lincoln, Springfield, Hamlin, Welles, 41-42 Sumter question, 42 Missouri affairs, Fremont, Blair, 43 Report, black troops, 43 Stanton, 44 Lincoln-Douglas debate, Freeport, fugitive slave law, 44-45 Trumbull election, 1854, 45-46 Election of 1860, Lincoln nomination, Norman Judd, cabinet, 46-47 Peace congress, 47 Lincoln-Douglas debates, 48 Lincoln story on those pressing him for emancipation, 48-49 McClellan and Hooker, 49-50 Hamilton Fish, Sumner, Burnside expedition, 50-51 Union prisoners, Stanton, Hamilton Fish, exchange, commissioners, Seward, Lincoln, 51-53 1 Chase, Chief Justice, 53 Deserter executions, 53 Fessenden, Seward, Lincoln, Lot M. Morrill, 54-55 Women, prisoners at Point Lookout, 55-56 Ward H. Lamon, Lincoln, Grant, Wade, 57-58 Election of 1864, 58 Emancipation Proclamation, Robert Dale Owen, 58-59 Lincoln and Missouri, Schofield, Gratz Brown, 59-61 Dark days of 1862, Senators, 61 Republican caucus, Wade, Chandler, 61-62 Hurlbut, Mission to Charleston, 1861, Lamon, 62-64 Trumbull, Lincoln, Seward, foreign affairs, 65 J. -
Fourteenth Amendment As Political Compromise--Section One in The
The Fourteenth Amendment as Political Compromise-Section One in the Joint Committee on Reconstruction EARL M. MALTZ* The ongoing debate over the intent of the framers of section one of the four- teenth amendment continues unabated. Typically, participants in the debate take one of two approaches. One group of commentators essentially ignores the legislative history of the fourteenth amendment. Focusing instead on what they see as the plain meaning of terms such as "equal protection," "privileges and immunities," and "due process," these commentators invariably conclude that the framers in- tentionally employed "majestic generalities," leaving courts free to change the con- tours of constitutional protections as conditions warrant. The other group of commentators is more sophisticated. This group recognizes that the connotations of particular phrases might very well change over time; thus, they focus on mid-nineteenth century explanations of the language of section one. In their analysis of the framers' intent, some of these commentators draw on abolition- ists theory or the ratification debates. More commonly, however, the focus is on statements made about section one in the floor debates over the fourteenth amend- ment, and the earlier discussions of the Civil Rights Bill of 1866. While it is a marked advance over the "plain meaning" approach, this method- ology has significant limitations. Focusing only on the statements dealing with equal protection, due process, and privileges and immunities tends to obscure this political context. Section one was only a part of a multifacetted constitutional amendment, which in turn was proposed in the context of a broader struggle over the post-Civil War Reconstruction of the defeated southern states. -
Silas Wright Collection
SILAS WRIGHT COLLECTION This collection has been transferred to the St. Lawrence County Historical association 3 East Main St. Canton, NY 13617. Telephone: 315-386-8133 Scope and Contents The papers in this collection of American Statesman Silas Wright, Jr. consist of letters and documents written by Silas Wright between 1816 and 1847, and a few letters written by Wright's family and friends after his death in 1847. The letters are of both a personal and a business nature and include documents signed by Silas Wright Jr. and his father Silas Wright, Sr., of Weybridge, Vermont. The collection was acquired through purchases and numerous gifts to the University. It consists of over one- hundred original letters and documents, and many photocopies of original letters which are housed at the St. Lawrence County Historical Association in Canton, New York. The Association also has many more items which have not been photocopied for this collection. Persons contributing items to the Silas Wright Collection were: Mary Moody Smith Curran, Friends of the ODY Library, Clark Goodnough, R. M. Gunnison, Atwood and Alice Manley, Col. Lawrence Russell, Mrs. D. C. Salisbury, Ruth Smith See, Mr. Hewlett Strong, and Robertson F. Williams. St. Lawrence University does not own the literary rights to this collection. Biographical Sketch Silas Wright, Jr. was born in 1795 in Amherst, Massachusetts, the fifth child of Silas and Eleanor (Goodale) Wright. The family moved to Weybridge, Vermont where young Silas grew up and was educated. At the age of sixteen, Wright entered Middlebury College. After graduation he studied law at Sandy Hill, New York and was admitted to the bar in 1819. -
Sullivan - History of New York State 1523-1927
Sullivan - History of New York State 1523-1927 "Hisotry of New York State 1523-1927" HISTORY OF NEW YORK STATE 1523-1927 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF DR. JAMES SULLIVAN Former State Historian; Present Assistant Commissioner for Higher and Professional Education of the New York State Department of Education; Author of "An Elementary History of England, 1904," "The Government of New York State, 1906"; Editor of "Washington's and Webster's Addresses, 1908," "American Democracy- Washington to Wilson, 1919," "Sir William Johnson Papers"; Editor of the Quarterly Journal of the New York State Historical Association. ASSOCIATE EDITORS E. MELVIN WILLIAM EDWIN P. CONKLIN BENEDICT FITZPATRICK VOLUME V LEWIS HISTORICAL PUBLISHING COMPANY, INC. NEW YORK CHICAGO Sullivan - History of New York State 1523-1927 "History of New York State 1523-1927" CHAPTER XII. THE BENCH AND BAR. Dutch Period, 1609-1664. Hudson discovered the river known by his name in 1609. During the next ten years many Dutch ships were in New York waters, and Manhattan Island had a small settlement of traders. Magisterial authority, if there was any in this little trading community, probably followed the rules of the sea, with sea captains as arbiters, and with the certainty that capital offenses would be referred to the home government. In 1621 the Dutch West India Company was chartered, with wide powers and charged with the keeping of "good order, police, and justice." The charter contained many guarantees of freedom in social, political and religious life, but reserved final judicial authority for the States General. Next in magisterial authority were the directors of the company, who exercised supervision of, and accepted responsibility for, the judicial acts of their provincial officials, the superintendents of the trading posts and the ship captains. -
1223 Table of Senators from the First Congress to the First Session of the One Hundred Twelfth Congress
TABLE OF SENATORS FROM THE FIRST CONGRESS TO THE FIRST SESSION OF THE ONE HUNDRED TWELFTH CONGRESS * ALABAMA 1805 1806 CLASS 2 Commence- Expiration of Congress Name of Senator ment of term term Remarks 16th–29th .. William R. King ................ Dec. 14, 1819 Mar. 3, 1847 Res. Apr. 15, 1844. 28th ............ Dixon H. Lewis ................. Apr. 22, 1844 Dec. 9, 1844 By gov., to fill vac. 28th–32d .... ......do ................................. Dec. 10, 1844 Mar. 3, 1853 Died Oct. 25, 1848. 30th–31st ... Benjamin Fitzpatrick ....... Nov. 25, 1848 Nov. 30, 1849 By gov., to fill vac. 31st–32d .... Jeremiah Clemens ............ Nov. 30, 1849 Mar. 3, 1853 33d–38th .... Clement Claiborne Clay, Mar. 4, 1853 Mar. 3, 1865 (1) Jr. 40th–41st ... Willard Warner ................ July 23, 1868 Mar. 3, 1871 (2) 42d–44th .... George Goldthwaite .......... Mar. 4, 1871 Mar. 3, 1877 (3) 45th–62d .... John T. Morgan ................ Mar. 4, 1877 Mar. 3, 1913 Died June 11, 1907. 60th ............ John H. Bankhead ........... June 18, 1907 July 16, 1907 By gov., to fill vac. 60th–68th .. ......do ................................. July 17, 1907 Mar. 3, 1925 Died Mar. 1, 1920. 66th ............ Braxton B. Comer ............ Mar. 5, 1920 Nov. 2, 1920 By gov., to fill vac. 66th–71st ... J. Thomas Heflin .............. Nov. 3, 1920 Mar. 3, 1931 72d–80th .... John H. Bankhead II ....... Mar. 4, 1931 Jan. 2, 1949 Died June 12, 1946. 79th ............ George R. Swift ................ June 15, 1946 Nov. 5, 1946 By gov., to fill vac. 79th–95th .. John Sparkman ................ Nov. 6, 1946 Jan. 2, 1979 96th–104th Howell Heflin .................... Jan. 3, 1979 Jan. 2, 1997 105th–113th Jeff Sessions ....................