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Terrestrial and Celestial Globes

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Terrestrial and Celestial Globes Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016 with funding from Getty Research Institute https://archive.org/details/terrestrialceles02stev_0 TERRESTRIAL AND CELESTIAL GLOBES nsnnhprs. 1 Phi Pemhranrlt’s TERRESTRIAL AND CELESTIAL GLOBES THEIR HISTORY AND CONSTRUCTION INCLUDING A CONSIDERATION OF THEIR VALUE AS AIDS IN THE STUDY OF GEOGRAPHY AND ASTRONOMY BY Edward Luther Stevenson, Ph.D., LL.D. MEMBER OF THE HISPANIC SOCIETY OF AMERICA VOLUME II NEW HAVEN: PUBLISHED FOR THE HISPANIC SOCIETY OF AMERICA BY THE YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON. HUMPHREY MILFORD • OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS MDCCCCXXI COPYRIGHT, 1921, BY THE HISPANIC SOCIETY OF AMERICA — Table of Contents PAGE List of Illustrations vii Chapter X: Globes and Globe Makers of the Early Seventeenth Century. The Dutch Scientific Masters and Their Preeminent Leadership . l The shifting of globe making interest to the northwest of Europe at the close of the sixteenth century.—The Van Langrens as leaders.-—Jodocus Hondius and his son Henricus.—Willem Jansz. Blaeu and his sons, John and Cornelius.—The Ferreri armillary sphere.—Globes of Peter Plancius.—Isaac Habrecht. Globes of Mattheus Greuter and their reproduction by Rossi. Manfredus Settala.—Abraham Goos.—Adam Heroldt. Chapter XI : Globes of the Second Half of the Seven- teenth Century 72 Certain striking tendencies exhibited in the matter of globe mak- ing in this period.—The Gottorp globes.—Weigel’s globes. Carlo Renci.—Amantius Moroncelli.—Castlemaine’s immovable globe.—The armillary of Treffler.—Armillary sphere of Gian Battista Alberti.—The numerous globes of P. Vincenzo Coro- nelli.—Certain anonymous globes of the period.—Johannes Maccarius.—Jos. Antonius Volpes.—Vitale Giordani.—George Christopher Eimmart.—Giuseppe Scarabelli.—Giovanni Battista. —Joseph Moxon.—The Chinese globes of Peking. Chapter XII: Globes and Globe Makers of the First Half of the Eighteenth Century—from Delisle to Ferguson 137 Activities of Guillaume Delisle.—Jean Dominique Cassini and his reforms—Vincenzo Miot.—The globes of Gerhard and Leon- hard Valk.—Activities of John Senex.—Nicolas Bion.—The armillarv sphere of Carmelo Cartilia.—Mattheus Seutter of [ v ] — Table of Contents. PAGE Augsburg.—Robert Mordent—Jean Antoine Nollet.—Johann Gabriel Doppelmayr of Niirnberg.—Terrestrial globe of Cu- sani.—Terrestrial globes of Siena.—The work of the monk Pietro Maria da Vinchio.—James Ferguson of Scotland. Chapter XIII : Globes and Globe Makers of the Sec- ond Half of the Eighteenth Century . 175 Few globe makers of striking distinction in this period.—An ap- parent decrease in scientific interest in globes, but an apparent increase in popular interest.— Gilles and Didier Robert de Vaugondy.—The work of Desnos.—Globes of Gian Francesco Costa the Venetian.—Globes of Akerman and Akrel.—The French globe makers Rigobert Bonne and Lalande.—Charles Messier and Jean Fortin.—Globes of George Adams the Elder, of George Adams the Younger, and of Dudley Adams.—Small globes of Nathaniel Hill.—The work of Innocente Alessandri and Pietro Scaltaglia.—Charles Francis Delamarche.—Manu- script globes of Vincenzo Rosa.—Geographer and globe maker Giovanni Maria Cassini.—Globes of William Cary. Chapter XIV : The Technic of Globe Construction Materials and Methods 196 General problems to be met.—Development from the simple armilla to the complex sphere.—The references of Ptolemy, Leontius Mechanicus, Alfonso.—Behaim’s leadership in practical globe making.—Materials employed.—Experiments in map pro- jection.—The beginning and rapid development of globe-gore construction.—Various examples of early gore maps.—Equatorial polar and ecliptic polar mountings.—Special features of celestial globe maps.—Globe mountings.—Varying sizes of globes.—The uses of globes.—Moon globes and planetariums. 220 Index of Globes and Globe Makers 249 General Index 276 vi [ ] , List of Illustrations Frontispiece. Rembrandt’s Philosophers . Vol. II fig. CHAPTER X PAGE 88. Terrestrial Globe of Jodocus Hondius, 1600. From origi- nal in Library of Henry E. Huntington, New York . 4 89. Celestial Globe of Jodocus Hondius, 1600. From origi- . nal in Library of Henry E. Huntington , New York 8 90. Dedication Appearing on Globe of Jodocus Hondius, 1600 ......... 6 91. Terrestrial Globe of Jodocus Hondius, 1618. From origi- nal in collection of The Hispanic Society of America New York ........ 14 92. Portrait of Willem Jansz. Blaeu. From engraving by Falck ......... 18 93. Terrestrial Globe of Willem Jansz. Blaeu, 1606. From original in collection of The Hispanic Society of Amer- ica, New York ....... 30 94. Terrestrial and Celestial Globes of Willem Jansz. Blaeu, 1616. From originals in collection of The Hispanic Soci- ety America New York of , ..... 32 95. Terrestrial Globe of Willem Jansz. Blaeu, 1622. From original in collection of The Hispanic Society of Amer- ica, New York ....... 34 96. Section of Jodocus Hondius World Map, 1611. From Stevenson s reproduction ..... 40 97. Terrestrial Globe of Willem Jansz. Blaeu, 1622. From original in Chigi Library, Rome .... 44 98. Celestial Globe of Willem Jansz. Blaeu, 1622. From origi- nal in Liceum Foscarim, Venice .... 44 98a. Terrestrial Globe of Willem Jansz. Blaeu, ca. 1640. From original in Royal Library, Madrid ... 66 98b. Celestial Globe of Willem Jansz. Blaeu, ca. 1640. From original in Royal Library, Madrid ... 66 Portrait of Peter Plancius. 99. From an old print . 46 vii [ ] s, List of Illustrations. FIG. PAGE 100. Terrestrial Globe of Peter Plancius, 1614. From original in Astronomical Museum, Rome • 48 101. Terrestrial Globe of Isaac Habrecht, 1625. From original in the collection of The FIispanic Society of America New York ........ 30 102. Terrestrial Globe of Mattheus Greuter, 1632. From origi- nal in the collection of The Hispanic Society of Amer- ica, New York ....... 34 103. Terrestrial Globe of Mattheus Greuter, 1638. From origi- nal in the collection of The Hispanic Society of Amer- ica, New York ....... 62 103a. Terrestrial Globe of Dominico Rossi (Mattheus Greu- ter), 1695. From original in the collection of The His- panic Society of America, New York .... 64 103b. Celestial Globe of Dominico Rossi (Mattheus Greuter), 1693. From original in the collection of The Hispanic Society of America, New York ..... 64 CHAPTER XI 104. The Gottorp Armillary Sphere, 1657. From original in the National Museum, Copenhagen . .74 103. Terrestrial Globe of Silvester Amantius Moroncelli, 1672. From original in Marciana Library, Venice . 84 106. Manuscript Celestial Globe (Moroncelli?), Late Seven- teenth Century. From original in Library of William R. Hearst, New York ...... 92 107. Portrait of Earl of Castlemaine. From an old print . 94 108. Globe of Earl of Castlemaine, 1679. From Coronelli' Epitome Cosmografica ...... 94 109. Globe of Christopher Treffler, 1683. From Coronelli’s Epitome Cosmografica . -95 110. Portrait of P. Vincenzo Coronelli. From his Atlante Veneto ....... 98 111. Emblem of the Venetian Accademia Cosmografica degli Argonauti. From Coronelli s Atlante Veneto . 100 1 12. Terrestrial Globe of P. Vincenzo Coronelli, 1688. From original in Marciana Library, Venice . .110 1 13. Celestial Globe of P. Vincenzo Coronelli, 1688. From original in Marciana Library, Venice . .112 1 14. Terrestrial Globe of P. Vincenzo Coronelli, 1688. From original in Landesmuseum, Zurich . .114 viii [ ] List of Illustrations. FIG. PAGE 1 15. Terrestrial Globe of P. Vincenzo Coronelli, 1696. From original in collection of The Hispanic Society of Amer- ica York . .116 , New 1 15a. Terrestrial Globe of P. Vincenzo Coronelli, 1693. From original in Academy of Sciences, Turin . .118 115b. Celestial Globe of P. Vincenzo Coronelli, 1693. From original in Academy of Sciences, Turin . .120 116. Portrait of Joseph Moxon. From his Mechanick Exercises 124 117. Ancient Mongolian Armillary Sphere, ca. 1274. From Thompson s Illustrations of China .... 130 117a. Armillary Sphere and Celestial Globe of Ferdinand Ver- biest, 1673. From Thompson s Illustrations of China . 132 CHAPTER XII 118. Terrestrial Globe of Guillaume Delisle, 1700. From origi- nal in Royal Library, Madrid ..... 140 1 18a. Terrestrial Globe of Johann Ludovicus Andreae, 1717. From original in City Historical Museum, Frankfurt . 138 119. Portrait of Jean Dominique Cassini. From an old print . 142 120. Terrestrial Globe of Gerhard and Leonhard Valk, 1750 (“?). From original in collection of The Hispanic Soci- ety America New York of , ..... 144 120a. Southern Hemisphere Celestial Globe by Gerhard and Leonhard Valk, with Author and Date Legend, 1750 (?). From original in collection of The Hispanic Soci- ety of America, New York . .146 121. Terrestrial Globe of Gerhard and Leonhard Valk, 1750 (*?). From original in collection -of The Hispanic Soci- ety of America, New York . .148 12ia. Celestial Globe of Gerhard and Leonhard Valk, 1750 (I). From original in collection of The Hispanic Soci- ety of America, New York . .150 122. Terrestrial Globe of John Senex, 1793. From original in Royal Library, Madrid . .152 123. Portrait of Nicolas Bion. From an old print . 142 124. Terrestrial Globe of Mattheus Seutter, 1710. From origi- nal in Astronomical Museum Rome , .... 154 125. Celestial Globe of Mattheus Seutter, 1710. From original in Astronomical Museum, Rome .... 156 125a. Terrestrial Globe of Van Lauen Zonen, 1745. From origi- nal in City Historical Museum, Frankfurt . 158 ix [ 1 List of Illustrations. FIG. PAGE 126. Terrestrial Globe of Johann Gabriel Doppelmayr, 1728. From original in collection of The Hispanic Society
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