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Effects of Agelas Oroides and Petrosia Ficiformis Crude Extracts on Human Neuroblastoma Cell Survival
161-169 6/12/06 19:46 Page 161 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 30: 161-169, 2007 161 Effects of Agelas oroides and Petrosia ficiformis crude extracts on human neuroblastoma cell survival CRISTINA FERRETTI1*, BARBARA MARENGO2*, CHIARA DE CIUCIS3, MARIAPAOLA NITTI3, MARIA ADELAIDE PRONZATO3, UMBERTO MARIA MARINARI3, ROBERTO PRONZATO1, RENATA MANCONI4 and CINZIA DOMENICOTTI3 1Department for the Study of Territory and its Resources, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, I-16132 Genoa; 2G. Gaslini Institute, Gaslini Hospital, Largo G. Gaslini 5, I-16148 Genoa; 3Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via Leon Battista Alberti 2, I-16132 Genoa; 4Department of Zoology and Evolutionistic Genetics, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 25, I-07100 Sassari, Italy Received July 28, 2006; Accepted September 20, 2006 Abstract. Among marine sessile organisms, sponges (Porifera) Introduction are the major producers of bioactive secondary metabolites that defend them against predators and competitors and are used to Sponges (Porifera) are a type of marine fauna that produce interfere with the pathogenesis of many human diseases. Some bioactive molecules to defend themselves from predators or of these biological active metabolites are able to influence cell spatial competitors (1,2). It has been demonstrated that some survival and death, modifying the activity of several enzymes of these metabolites have a biomedical potential (3) and in involved in these cellular processes. These natural compounds particular, Ara-A and Ara-C are clinically used as antineoplastic show a potential anticancer activity but the mechanism of drugs (4,5) in the routine treatment of patients with leukaemia this action is largely unknown. -
Cyanobacteria) Isolated from the Mediterranean Marine Sponge Petrosia Ficiformis (Porifera
Fottea, Olomouc, 12(2): 315–326, 2012 315 Identification and characterization of a new Halomicronema species (Cyanobacteria) isolated from the Mediterranean marine sponge Petrosia ficiformis (Porifera) Carmela CAROPPO1*, Patrizia ALBERTANO2, Laura BRUNO2, Mariarosa MONTINARI3, Marco RIZZI4, Giovanni VIGLIOTTA5 & Patrizia PAGLIARA3 1 Institute for Coastal Marine Environment, Unit of Taranto, National Research Council, Via Roma, 3 – 74100, Taranto, Italy; * Corresponding author e–mail: [email protected], tel.: +39 99 4545211, fax: +39 99 4545215 2 Laboratory of Biology of Algae, Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy 3 DiSTeBA, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy 4 Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico di Bari, Italy 5 Department of Chemistry, University of Salerno, Fisciano (Salerno), Italy Abstract: A filamentous cyanobacterium (strain ITAC101) isolated from a Mediterranean sponge (Petrosia ficiformis) was characterized by a combined phenotypic and genetic approach. Morphological and ultrastructural observations were performed along with growth measurements and pigment characterization. The molecular phylogenetic analyses were based on the sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. In culture conditions, strain ITAC101 is moderately halophilic and grew in the range 0.3–7.6% (w/v) salinity with the optimum at 3.6%. Cell dimensions, thylakoid arrangement and pigment composition of this cyanobacterium fit theHalomicronem a genus description, and phylogenetic analyses evidenced 99.9% similarity with another strain endolithic in tropical corals. The new Halomicronema metazoicum species was established including the two cyanobacteria associated to marine animals. Key words: cyanobacteria, Leptolyngbya, marine sponge, Mediterranean Sea, polyphasic approach,16S rRNA Introduction & STARNES 2003), Anabaena (LARKUM 1999), Cyanobacterium (WEBB & MAAS 2002) and The association between cyanobacteria and Synechococcus (HENTSCHEL et al. -
General Introduction and Objectives 3
General introduction and objectives 3 General introduction: General body organization: The phylum Porifera is commonly referred to as sponges. The phylum, that comprises more than 6,000 species, is divided into three classes: Calcarea, Hexactinellida and Demospongiae. The latter class contains more than 85% of the living species. They are predominantly marine, with the notable exception of the family Spongillidae, an extant group of freshwater demosponges whose fossil record begins in the Cretaceous. Sponges are ubiquitous benthic creatures, found at all latitudes beneath the world's oceans, and from the intertidal to the deep-sea. Sponges are considered as the most basal phylum of metazoans, since most of their features appear to be primitive, and it is widely accepted that multicellular animals consist of a monophyletic group (Zrzavy et al. 1998). Poriferans appear to be diploblastic (Leys 2004; Maldonado 2004), although the two cellular sheets are difficult to homologise with those of the rest of metazoans. They are sessile animals, though it has been shown that some are able to move slowly (up to 4 mm per day) within aquaria (e.g., Bond and Harris 1988; Maldonado and Uriz 1999). They lack organs, possessing cells that develop great number of functions. The sponge body is lined by a pseudoepithelial layer of flat cells (exopinacocytes). Anatomically and physiologically, tissues of most sponges (but carnivorous sponges) are organized around an aquiferous system of excurrent and incurrent canals (Rupert and Barnes 1995). These canals are lined by a pseudoepithelial layer of flat cells (endopinacocytes).Water flows into the sponge body through multiple apertures (ostia) General introduction and objectives 4 to the incurrent canals which end in the choanocyte chambers (Fig. -
Sponge (Porifera)
Sponge (Porifera) species from the Mediterranean coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with a checklist of sponges from the coasts of Turkey Turk J Zool 2012; 36(4) 460-464 © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-1107-4 Sponge (Porifera) species from the Mediterranean coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with a checklist of sponges from the coasts of Turkey Alper EVCEN*, Melih Ertan ÇINAR Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, İzmir - TURKEY Received: 05.07.2011 Abstract: Th e present study deals with sponge species collected along the Mediterranean coast of Turkey in 2005. A total of 29 species belonging to 19 families were encountered, of which Phorbas plumosus is a new record for the eastern Mediterranean, 8 species are new records for the marine fauna of Turkey (Clathrina clathrus, Spirastrella cunctatrix, Desmacella inornata, Phorbas plumosus, Hymerhabdia intermedia, Haliclona fulva, Petrosia vansoesti, and Ircinia dendroides), and 19 species are new records for the Levantine Sea (C. clathrus, Sycon raphanus, Erylus discophorus, Alectona millari, Cliona celata, Diplastrella bistellata, Mycale contareni, Mycale cf. rotalis, Mycale lingua, D. inornata, P. plumosus, Phorbas fi ctitius, Lissodendoryx isodictyalis, Hymerhabdia intermedia, H. fulva, P. vansoesti, I. dendroides, Sarcotragus spinosulus, and Aplysina aerophoba). Th e morphological and distributional features of the species that are new to the Turkish marine fauna are presented. In addition, a check-list of the sponge species that have been reported from the coasts of Turkey to date is provided. Key words: Sponges, Porifera, biodiversity, distribution, Levantine Sea, Turkey, eastern Mediterranean Türkiye’nin Akdeniz kıyılarından (Levantin Denizi, doğu Akdeniz) sünger (Porifera) türleri ile Türkiye kıyılarından kaydedilen süngerlerin kontrol listesi Özet: Bu çalışma, 2005 yılında Türkiye’nin Akdeniz kıyılarında bulunan bazı sünger türlerini ele almaktadır. -
Describing Species
DESCRIBING SPECIES Practical Taxonomic Procedure for Biologists Judith E. Winston COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS NEW YORK Columbia University Press Publishers Since 1893 New York Chichester, West Sussex Copyright © 1999 Columbia University Press All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data © Winston, Judith E. Describing species : practical taxonomic procedure for biologists / Judith E. Winston, p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-231-06824-7 (alk. paper)—0-231-06825-5 (pbk.: alk. paper) 1. Biology—Classification. 2. Species. I. Title. QH83.W57 1999 570'.1'2—dc21 99-14019 Casebound editions of Columbia University Press books are printed on permanent and durable acid-free paper. Printed in the United States of America c 10 98765432 p 10 98765432 The Far Side by Gary Larson "I'm one of those species they describe as 'awkward on land." Gary Larson cartoon celebrates species description, an important and still unfinished aspect of taxonomy. THE FAR SIDE © 1988 FARWORKS, INC. Used by permission. All rights reserved. Universal Press Syndicate DESCRIBING SPECIES For my daughter, Eliza, who has grown up (andput up) with this book Contents List of Illustrations xiii List of Tables xvii Preface xix Part One: Introduction 1 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 3 Describing the Living World 3 Why Is Species Description Necessary? 4 How New Species Are Described 8 Scope and Organization of This Book 12 The Pleasures of Systematics 14 Sources CHAPTER 2. BIOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE 19 Humans as Taxonomists 19 Biological Nomenclature 21 Folk Taxonomy 23 Binomial Nomenclature 25 Development of Codes of Nomenclature 26 The Current Codes of Nomenclature 50 Future of the Codes 36 Sources 39 Part Two: Recognizing Species 41 CHAPTER 3. -
Strong Linkages Between Depth, Longevity and Demographic Stability Across Marine Sessile Species
Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Doctorat en Ecologia, Ciències Ambientals i Fisiologia Vegetal Resilience of Long-lived Mediterranean Gorgonians in a Changing World: Insights from Life History Theory and Quantitative Ecology Memòria presentada per Ignasi Montero Serra per optar al Grau de Doctor per la Universitat de Barcelona Ignasi Montero Serra Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Universitat de Barcelona Maig de 2018 Adivsor: Adivsor: Dra. Cristina Linares Prats Dr. Joaquim Garrabou Universitat de Barcelona Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM -CSIC) A todas las que sueñan con un mundo mejor. A Latinoamérica. A Asun y Carlos. AGRADECIMIENTOS Echando la vista a atrás reconozco que, pese al estrés del día a día, este ha sido un largo camino de aprendizaje plagado de momentos buenos y alegrías. También ha habido momentos más difíciles, en los cuáles te enfrentas de cara a tus propias limitaciones, pero que te empujan a desarrollar nuevas capacidades y crecer. Cierro esta etapa agradeciendo a toda la gente que la ha hecho posible, a las oportunidades recibidas, a las enseñanzas de l@s grandes científic@s que me han hecho vibrar en este mundo, al apoyo en los momentos más complicados, a las que me alegraron el día a día, a las que hacen que crea más en mí mismo y, sobre todo, a la gente buena que lucha para hacer de este mundo un lugar mejor y más justo. A tod@s os digo gracias! GRACIAS! GRÀCIES! THANKS! Advisors’ report Dra. Cristina Linares, professor at Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (Universitat de Barcelona), and Dr. -
“Diversity and Specificity of the Marine Sponge Microbiome As Inspected by Next Generation Sequencing”
“DIVERSITY AND SPECIFICITY OF THE MARINE SPONGE MICROBIOME AS INSPECTED BY NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING” André Rodrigues Soares Mestrado em Biologia Molecular e Microbiana Trabalho efetuado sob a orientação de: Dr. Rodrigo da Silva Costa Prof.ª Dr.ª Maria Margarida dos Prazeres Reis 2015 Acknowledgements For the completion of the present work, the support of the Microbial Ecology and Evolution (MicroEcoEvo) research group at the CCMAR was crucial. Firstly, I thank Rodrigo Costa, my supervisor, who drew me into the field of microbial ecology of marine sponges and posed me the great challenge of tackling the EMP dataset. Furthermore, I am thankful for all the enthusiasm and opportunities provided and for the immense patience! Gianmaria Califano, now in Jena, Austria, and Asunción Lago- Lestón dispensed precious time and patience in the starting phase of this thesis. I further thank Elham Karimi for the help in the laboratory and for our relaxing coffee talks! Tina Keller-Costa, Telma Franco and more recently Miguel Ramos, along with the abovementioned, are all part of the MicroEcoEvo team, to whom I thank for a wonderful first medium-term experience in a laboratory! I admittedly started my Biology Bsc. at the University of Algarve not being fond of any biological entity smaller than 2cm. It was Prof. Margarida Reis (Microbial and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, CIMA, UAlg) who showed me that ‘microbes can do anything’ and went on to accepting the challenge of supervising my Bsc. Technical and Scientific Project. I therefore thank her for introducing me to Microbiology in the best way possible. For the completeness of this work, Lucas Moitinho-Silva (currently at the University of South Wales, Australia), was essential in introducing me to R scripting whilst finishing his PhD at Wüezburg University, Germany. -
First Report of Leptolyngbya (Cyanobacteria) Species Associated with Marine Sponges in the Aegean Sea
FIRST REPORT OF LEPTOLYNGBYA (CYANOBACTERIA) SPECIES ASSOCIATED WITH MARINE SPONGES IN THE AEGEAN SEA Despoina Konstantinou 1*, Vasilis Gerovasileiou 2, Eleni Voultsiadou 1 and Spyros Gkelis 1 1 School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Corresponding author: S. Gkelis ([email protected]) - [email protected] 2 Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology & Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece Abstract Sponge associations with cyanobacteria have been poorly investigated in the eastern Mediterranean. Herein, the marine sponges Acanthella acuta, Chondrilla nucula, Dysidea avara, and Petrosia ficiformis from the Aegean Sea were found associated with cyanobacteria of the genus Leptolyngbya, using culture-dependent methods. Four Leptolyngbya strains with distinct morphology and phylogeny, were isolated. Keywords: Porifera, Symbiosis, Systematics, Aegean Sea, Algae Introduction The association between cyanobacteria and sponges is thought to be one of the oldest microbe-metazoan interactions [1]. To date, cyanobacteria symbionts have been recorded in at least 100 sponge species [2]. Cyanobacteria species involved in such symbioses belong to the genera Synechococcus, Synechocystis, Aphanocapsa, Oscillatoria, Cyanobacterium, and Prochlorococcus [3]. Moreover, Halomicronema and Leptolyngbya species have been recently found in association with the sponge Petrosia ficiformis [4,5]. Although cyanobacteria may comprise 25-50% of sponge volume, we still lack a clear picture of their diversity and ecological role as sponge symbionts [2] especially in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. The present study is part of a broader research aiming to investigate the diversity of cyanobacteria associated with sponges in the Aegean Sea, on which no information exists. Material and Methods Sponge samples were collected by Scuba diving at depths between 5-20 m, in October 2014. -
Life-History Traits of a Common Caribbean Coral-Excavating Sponge, Cliona Tenuis (Porifera: Hadromerida) Manuel González-Riveroa,B,G*, Alexander V
Journal of Natural History, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.802042 Life-history traits of a common Caribbean coral-excavating sponge, Cliona tenuis (Porifera: Hadromerida) Manuel González-Riveroa,b,g*, Alexander V. Ereskovskyc , Christine H. L. Schönbergd , Renata Ferrarie,g, Jane Fromonte and Peter J. Mumbyb,g aCoral Reefs Ecosystems Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland. St Lucia campus, Brisbane. Qld 4072. Australia; bCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom; cInstitut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; dAustralian Institute of Marine Science, Oceans Institute at The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia; eCoastal & Marine Ecology Group, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Sydney, Australia; fWestern Australian Museum, Welshpool, Australia; gMarine Spatial Ecology Lab, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland. St Lucia Campus, Brisbane. Qld 4072. Australia (Received 3 June 2012; final version received 15 April 2013) Clionaids are important competitors and bio-eroding agents on coral reefs; how- ever, little is known of their biology. We studied aspects of life history of Cliona tenuis, in particular its sexual reproduction and growth. Temporal variations in these traits were studied over a year, in correlation with water temperature as a proxy for seasonality. Growth and sexual reproduction occurred at separate times and followed intra-annual variations in temperature. Growth increased during the warmest months of the year, reaching an average rate of 29.9 ± 6.7 mm dur- ing 286 days. Cliona tenuis is oviparous, and the results suggest gonochorism. -
A New Clionaid Sponge Infests Live Corals on the West Coast of India (Porifera,
Formatted ... Author Version : Systematics and Biodiversity, vol.17(2); 2019; 190-206 Formatted ... Formatted A new clionaid sponge infests live corals on the west coast of India (Porifera, ... Demospongiae, Clionaida) Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Sambhaji Mote1, Christine H.L. Schönberg2, Toufiek Samaai3,4, Vishal Gupta1, Baban Ingole*1 Formatted ... Formatted ... 1 CSIR–National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, India Formatted ... 2 School of Earth and Environment and Oceans Institute, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, the Formatted ... University of Western Australia, Fairway Entrance 4, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia Formatted ... 3 Department of Environmental Affairs, Oceans and Coasts Branch, Oceans and Coasts Research Formatted ... Chief Directorate, Marine Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research Directorate, Private Bag X2, Formatted ... Roggebaai, 8012, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa. Formatted ... 4Marine Research Institute (MA-RE), University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7701, Formatted Cape Town, South Africa ... Formatted (*Corresponding author: [email protected]) ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted ... Formatted -
Cytotoxic Effect of Extracts from the Moroccan Marine Sponge on Human Prostate Cancer Cell Line
International Journal of New Technology and Research (IJNTR) ISSN:2454-4116, Volume-4, Issue-1, January 2018 Pages 74-78 Cytotoxic Effect of Extracts From The Moroccan Marine Sponge on Human Prostate Cancer Cell Line Khadija BARY, Belkassem ELAMRAOUI, Fatima Ezzahra LAASRI, Mohamed EL MZIBRI, Laïla BENBACER, Toufiq BAMHAOUD Abstract - Marine sponges have been prominently featured in have revealed more than 10,000 bioactive molecules, and the area of cancer research. Here, we evaluated the they are still being discovered [3 . Numerous studies have cytotoxicity of aqueous and dichloromethane extracts of ] Cliona viridis, a marine sponge, collected from the Moroccan demonstrated the antimicrobial [4], [5], antibacterial [6], coast. Using the WST 1 assay, dichloromethane extract [7], antiviral [8] antifungal [9], and cytotoxic [10], [11] displayed significant cytotoxicity against human prostate activities. cancer cell line PC3 with IC50 value of 150 µg /ml while the Nowadays, sponges are taking the leading position in the aqueous extract had no effect on the cell proliferation. These marine environment; they have a potential to provide novel data highlight the potential of C. viridis for future drug discovery against major diseases, such as prostate cancer. leads malaria, viral diseases and cancer [12]. The cytotoxic Further studies are necessary for chemical characterization of effect of marine sponges has been reported in different the active principles and more extensive biological evaluations. studies. The marine sponge Aurora globostellata showed a strong cytotoxic activity against different cancer cells lines Index Terms— Cliona viridis, Cytotoxicity, Marine sponge, [13]. H.K. Lim and al. showed that extracts of Hyrtios spp Prostate Cancer, WST-1. -
Distribution and Ecological Significance of Cliona Viridis
DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF CLIONA VIRIDIS THE DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE BORING SPONGE CLIONA VIRIDIS ON THE GREAT BARRIER REEF, AUSTRALIA By K.ATHERI :t\lE MARY BERGMAN, B • Sc. A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science McMaster University April, 1983 MASTER OF SCIENCE (1983) McMASTER UNIVERSITY (Geology) Hamilton, Ontario TITLE: The Distribution and Ecological Significance of the Boring Sponge Cliona viridis on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. AUTHOR: Katherine Mary Bergman, B.Sc. (University of Waterloo) SUPERVISOR: Dr. M.J. Risk NUMBER OF PAGES: x, 69. ii ABSTRACT Production of fine sediments in reef environments is a poorly understood but probably significant process. On the Great Barrier Reef, Cliona viridis is locally abundant. The sponge has been found from Lizard Island in the north, down to the southern part of the Central Region, and it is likely even more widespread. Although on individual reefs the sponge may occur almost anywhere, it is most abundant on lagoon patch reefs ("bornmies" in Australian), where it overgrows the substrate and bores to a constant depth of about 1.3 em. Sponge infestation reaches a maximum at a depth of 4 m, covering almost 8% of the vertical sides of bommies. It is frequently the dominant benthic organism. Serial underwater photography demonstrates that colonies can expand laterally at a rate of about 1 ern yr-1 removing approximately 40% of the substrate. This species is a major producer of fine sediment on the Great Barrier Reef.