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Keep It in the Ground. Inter- National Stop Uranium Mining News Letter
keep it in the ground. inter national stop uranium mining news letter. march 1982 SUBSCRIPTIONS Wortd lnfonnation Servtoe on Energy WISE was set up by safe energy ac tivists in 1978 to tunetion as an in A subscription to the Keep It In The ternational switchboard tor local Ground costs f25 for individuals and national safe energy groups ($5.00, $12.50) and f50 for institutions around the world who want to ex per year (10 issues). change information and support one another. Up until this stage the KIITG expenses have been financed by the Smiling Sun WISE now has relays in 11 coun Foundation, Novib and NCO. This year tries and a worldwide network of we are facing the big problem: they grassroots contacts. are most likely unable to continue We are funded by the anti-nuclear funding us. This means that to continue movement through sales of the to publish KIITG, we have to ask our Smiling Sun symbol 'Nuclear Ener friends and readers for more assistance. gy? No Thanks'. Several donations of tlOO would be very wonderful. For information on WISE publica GIRO: 4088285 tions and on how to become a member or give financial support Look on the back cover for your nearest contact: relay. If there is no relay in your WISE·Amsterdam, Biaslusstraat 90, area, subscriba direct via WISE Amster 1091 CW Amsterdam, The Nelherlands, dam. Tel.: 020-924264, Poat Account: 40.88.285 ABOUT THIS NEWSLETTER This is a newsletter linking together This issue of Keep It In The Ground is the in an information chain people all combined work of the Amsterdam staff, the round the world werking to stop uranium Australia and Washington relays, and inform mining. -
MASTE DISTRIBUTION of THIS DOCUMENT IS (MMB Issued by Sandia National Laboratories, Operated for the United States Department of Energy by Sandia Corporation
?~^-1{. SANDIA REPORT SAND96-0902 • UC-704 RECEIVED Unlimited Release Printed April 1996 MAY 1 51996 0S-JTI Radioactive Scrap Metal Decontamination Technology Assessment Report Joanna M. Buckentin, Brian K. Damkroger, M. Eric Schlienger Prepared by Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185 and Livermore, California 94550 for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000 Approved for public release; dis&isution is unlimited. * • ^tMiMMiM SF2900Q(8-81) MASTE DISTRIBUTION OF THIS DOCUMENT IS (MMB Issued by Sandia National Laboratories, operated for the United States Department of Energy by Sandia Corporation. NOTICE: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Govern• ment nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors, or their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, prod• uct, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe pri• vately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government, any agency thereof or any of their contractors or subcontractors. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Govern• ment, any agency thereof or any of their contractors. Printed in the United States of America. This report has been reproduced directly from the best available copy. -
The Anti Nuclear & Safe Energy Wlndscale Pj
the anti Nuclear & Safe Energy Wlndscale pJ 6 , CD cer ...Ql '< ~ / Ql ...n ;;r Contents COMMENT Comment P.2 A belated HAPPY NEW YEAR to all our readers and a HAPPY BIRTH Windscale DAY to the SIZEWELL INQUIRY, one year old on January 11th. SIZE 3 WELL now holds the record as the longest-running Public Inquiry. News 4&5 That other focus of Anti-Nuclear attention- WINDSCALE, was rarely Men and Greenham 6 out of the news in '83 despite such slick PR as changing its name! This Communication from issue bring$ you the latest. Persons Unknown 7 The cavalier attitude shown by the SSEB in pushing through its Pollution knows TORNESS AGR project in East Lothian continues to alienate local people and their elected representatives. Our local reporter uncovers the no borders 8&9 latest steamroller attempt by the faceless ones of Cathcart House. Letters 10& 11 Our interview this month is with French environmental activist DIDIER Acid Rain 12 ANGER, who outlines the changes, or lack of them, in France's Nuclear Appropriate Technology 13 Power and "Defence" strategy since the Socialist government got in. Reviews 14 Don Arnott's article on waste (SCRAM JOURNAL No. 39) provoked The Oxford Review 14& 15 quite a response. We publish readers' letters on this and other subjects. Last November saw the first national forum of Anti-Nuclear groups; we Little Black Rabbit 16 hope the improved liaison helps us all work more effectively against the & Diary Nuclear madness. Next SCRAM Journal (copy date Friday March 9th) hopes to start a This magazine Is produced for the Anti-Nuclear, Safe Energy and Dis Dl RECTORY of GROUPS and PUBLICATIONS. -
Draft Issues Related to Regulation of Reuse/Recycle
DRAFT ISSUES RELATED TO REGULATION OF REUSEIRECYCLE OF SCRAP METAL SLIGHTLY CONTAMINATED BY RADIOACTIVITY Prepared for the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, DC 20555 NRC Contract No. NRC-04-92-037 Under Subcontract No. 4500104923 from Science Applications International Corporation Prepared by JUPITER Corporation Suite 900 2730 University Boulevard West Wheaton, MD 20902 February 26, 1997 DISCLAIMER NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, or any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability of responsibility for any third party's use, or the results of such use, of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use by such third party would not infringe privately owned rights. TABLE OF CONTENTS SUM MA RY ........................................................... 1 1. BACKGROUND .................................................... 3 1.1 Introduction .................................................. 3 1.2 Types of Recycling ........................................... 4 1.3 Release of Radioactive Material ................................. 5 1.4 Approach to Rulemaking ......................... ............. 6 2. NEED FOR RULEMAKING ........................................... 9 2.1 Decommissioning and Decontamination of Nuclear Sites ............. 9 2.2 Regulatory Environments .................................... -
Monitoring of Cs in Electric Arc Furnace Steel Making Process
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repository of Faculty of Metallurgy University of Zagreb J Radioanal Nucl Chem (2010) 284:615–622 DOI 10.1007/s10967-010-0513-9 Monitoring of 137Cs in electric arc furnace steel making process Tahir Sofilic´ • Delko Barisˇic´ • Una Sofilic´ Received: 25 February 2010 / Published online: 25 March 2010 Ó Akade´miai Kiado´, Budapest, Hungary 2010 Abstract This article presents the results of 137Cs and (BOF) 20–30%, nowadays rarely, Open Hearth Furnace other radionuclide monitoring in EAF steel-making process (OHR) 50–60%, and Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) from 95 in the Croatian CMC Sisak Steel Mill. The presence of to 100% of steel scrap. 137Cs and natural isotopes 40K, 232Th, 226Ra and 238U was Nowadays, of the total amount of all types of raw established. Investigations on the occurrence of the isotope materials used in the EAF process of steel production, steel cesium, as well as natural isotopes and their distribution in scrap is definitely the most significant in amount, for its waste from the process of carbon steel production by EAF amount ranges from 1039 to 1232 kgt-1 of crude steel [1]. have been conducted. Detection of artificial isotope cesium In the last 10 years (1999–2008), the level of global crude in EAF dust indicates that it might originate from steel steel production [2] was between 789 and 1323 million scrap or from the residue of the material that was used in tones/y. If we take on the assumption that there is an the technological process, thus deserving special attention. -
The Nuclear Syndrome. Victory for the Irish Anti-Nuclear Power Movement
The Nuclear Syndrome Victory for the Irish Anti-nuclear Power Movement By Simon Dalby First published in Dawn Train No.3 Winter 1984/85 This is the original text of the pamphlet as published, excluding photos and illustrations, with some minor alterations (e.g. removal of typographical errors) Some original copies of this pamphlet are available from INNATE; please enquire. http://members.tripod.co.uk/innate [email protected] The Nuclear Syndrome Simon Dalby Contents Contents ....................................................................................................................................................2 The Nuclear Option...................................................................................................................................4 Post-War Ideology ....................................................................................................................................6 Local Opposition.......................................................................................................................................6 The Nuclear Safety Association................................................................................................................7 Alternative Energy....................................................................................................................................8 The Intervening Years...............................................................................................................................9 The Controversy Rekindled.. -
Keep19-010282.Pdf
SUBSCRIPTIONS wor~c~--... ~- A subscription to the Keep It In The Ground costs f25 for individuals WISE was set up by safe energy ac ($5.00, $12.50) and f50 for institutions tivists in 1978 to tunetion as an in per year (10 issues). ternational switchboard tor tocal Up until this stage the KIITG expenses and national safe energy groups have been financed by the Smilinq Sun around the world who want to ex Foundation, Novib and NCO. This year change information and support we are facinq the big problem: they one another. are most likely unable to continue WISE now has relays in 11 coun funding us. This means that to continue tries and a wor1dwide network of to publish KIITG, we have to ask our grassroots contacts. friends and readers for more assistance. We are funded by the anti-nuclear Several donations of flOO would be very movement through sales of the wonderful. Smiling Sun symbol 'Nuclear Ener GIRO: 4088285 gy? No Thanks'. Look on the back cover for your nearest For information on WISE publies relay. If there is no relay in your tions and on how to become a area, subscribe direct via WISE Amster member or give financial support dam. contact: WISE-Ama1en:lam, Blasl-traat 90, ABOUT THIS NEWSLETTER 1081 cw Amllerdam, TheNelherlanda, Tel.: 020-124264, Post Account: 40.88.285 This is a newsletter linking together in an information chain people all round the world workinq to stop uranium mininq. It is a participation publication, This issue of Keep It In The Ground is the and all people are invited to send art combined work of the Amsterdam liltaff, the icles to us. -
Submitted by Metals Industry Recycling Coalition, John L. Wittenborn, on Proposed Rule PR-20, 32 & 150 Re Natio
Collier Shannon Scott, LLc Washington Harbour, Suite 400 3050 K Street NW Washington, DC 20007-5108 202.342.8400 TEL Collier Shannon Scott 202.342.845 t FAx John L WVttenborn 202.342.8514 (7F0a 3a ) .Mrlttenbmcorshannon.com (7oFR qf3446) DOCKETED October 11, 2005 USNRC October 11, 2005 (3:30pm) Merri Hom OFFICE OF SECRETARY U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission RULEMAKINGS AND Attn: Rulemakings and Adjudications Staff ADJUDICATIONS STAFF 11555 Rockville Pike Rockville, MD 20852 Re: Proposed Rule for National Source Tracking of Sealed Sources (70 Fed. Reg. 43646 (July 28, 2005)) Dear Ms. Hom: On behalf of the Metals Industry Recycling Coalition ("MIRC"), we are pleased to provide you with these comments on the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission's Proposed Rule for National Source Tracking of Sealed Sources. 70 Fed. Reg. 43646 (July 28, 2005). MIRC supports the Commission's proposed rule to implement a National Source Tracking System to monitor and provide increased oversight of certain sealed sources. However, consistent with the General Accounting Office's recommendations,2 we are urging the NRC to extend the tracking program to include Category 3 sealed sources. I. Background MIRC members comprise a major sector of the nation's economy. Companies that are members of the associations that comprise MIRC consume scrap metal to make new metal products. These companies are the largest recyclers by volume in the country. Each year steel mills operating electric arc and basic oxygen furnaces recycle more than 75 million tons of scrap into new steel products. Steel products contain, on average, 66 percent recycled content. -
Report of an International Group of Experts Convened by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)
UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE Report of an International Group of Experts convened by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE NOTE Symbols of the United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. * * * The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or areas, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Mention of firm names and commercial products does not imply the endorsement of the United Nations. * * * Acknowledgements The UNECE Secretariat would like to express its gratitude to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for its support in producing these Recommendations. ECE/TRANS/NONE/2006/8 CONTENTS Pages Executive Summary ……………………………………………………………… 1 Introduction ……………………………………………………………………… 3 - 5 I. GENERAL PROVISIONS ……………………………………………….. 7 - 16 A. Definitions ………………………………………………………… 7 - 8 B. Objectives …………………………………………………………. 8 C. Scope ……………………………………………………………… 8 - 9 D. Guidance and international legal instruments …………………….. 9 - 11 E. Origins of radioactive scrap metal ………………………………... 11 - 12 F. Recommendations on responsibilities and coordination …………. 12 - 16 II. FIELDS OF ACTION 17 - 29 A. Recommendations on prevention …………………………………. 17 - 18 B. Recommendations on detection …………………………………… 19 - 24 C. Recommendations on response …………………………………… 24 - 29 III. ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS A. Training …………………………………………………………… 30 B. Information exchange ……………………………………………. 30 References 31 - 32 ANNEXES 33 - 46 I. Example Certificate of Shipment Monitoring ……………..……. 33 II. Example Content of a Unified National Collaborative Scheme …………………………………………………………. -
Statistical Treatment of Hazards Result from Radioactive Material in Metal Scrap
XI Radiation Physics & Protection Conference, 25-28 November 2012, Nasr City - Cairo, Egypt Statistical treatment of hazards result from radioactive material in metal scrap E.F. Salem, S.M. Rashad Nuclear law and License department Egypt nuclear and radiological regulatory authority [email protected] Nasr City-P.O. Box 7551, Cairo, Egypt ABSTRACT Radioactive sources have a wide range of uses in medicine and industry. Radioactive materials entering the public domain in an uncontrolled manner may creating a serious risk of radiation exposure for workers and the public as well as excessive costs for plant decontamination and waste of product to be borne by the metal industry. This paper describes the major accidents that had happened in the last decades due to radioactive material in metal scrap, provides assessment of associated hazards and lessons learned. This will help Regulatory Authority to introduce measures capable to avoid the recurrence of similar events. The study highlights the situation for metal scrap incidents in Egypt. 1- INTRODUCTION Nowadays, scrap metal is an important source material for the metal production industry contributing a large fraction (about 50% for steel) of the final product. This fact shows the hugeness importance of the metal scrap as raw material resources for human race. There have been several accidents over the past decades involving orphan radioactive sources or other radioactive material that were inadvertently collected as scrap metal that was destined for recycling. In the USA alone, over 5,000 incidents were recorded in 2004 that involved various types of radioactive metal scrap [1]. According to the forecast of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) it is expected that the number of incidents with radioactive scrap will increase despite of the efforts, on the world scale, to avert such incidents. -
3-2 Technical Issues Relating to the Recycle of Contaminated Scrap Metal
JAERI-Conf 95-015 3-2 TECHNICAL ISSUES RELATING TO THE RECYCLE OF CONTAMINATED SCRAP METAL by Stephen Warren, U.S.Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Restoration (EM-43), Quince Orchard, 19901 Germantown Road, Germantown, MD 20784 Donald E. Clark, Westinghouse Hanford Co., 601 Williams Blvd., Suite 2A, Richland, WA 99352 ABSTRACT A review was made of the literature on melting of radioactive metals that was published in the 1980s and 1990s with attention to the resultant partitioning of radioactivities. Various factors influencing the transfer of radionuclides from the melted ingot phase to other phases such as the slag layer need to be considered both in optimizing the partitioning of radioactivities and in assessing the radiation exposures received by workers. Important technical issues relating to the recycle of radioactive scrap metal (RSM) have been identified and will be discussed in this presentation. Of particular interest is the modeling of radiation doses resulting from operations involving RSM and with recycled materials resulting from the melting of RSM, with emphasis on radioactively contaminated ferrous metals. Such doses result from exposure to the radioactively contaminated metals as well as secondary wastes (i.e., slag, dust, and aerosols/filter media) produced as byproducts of the melting operations. Summary and Conclusions The reported results for partitioning of radioactivities that are achievable by melting of contaminated ferrous metals have been reviewed. The resultant redistribution and stabilization of radioactivities is important for possible recycling of these materials. For dose calculations of the various recycling options, it is essential to have credible partitioning data for each treatment scenario. -
Control of Orphan Sources and Other Radioactive Material in the Metal
IAEA Safety Standards Safety through international standards for protecting people and the environment “Governments, regulatory bodies and operators everywhere must ensure that nuclear material and radiation sources are used Safety IAEA Standards Series No. SSG-17 beneficially, safely and ethically. The IAEA safety standards are Control of Orphan designed to facilitate this, and I encourage all Member States to make use of them.” Sources and Other Yukiya Amano Director General Radioactive Material in the Metal Recycling and Production Industries Specific Safety Guide No. SSG-17 INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY VIENNA ISBN 978–92 –0–115510–8 ISSN 1020–525X 11-48011_P1509_cover.indd 1 2012-01-31 14:29:12 RELATED PUBLICATIONS IAEA SAFETY STANDARDS AND RELATED PUBLICATIONS FUNDAMENTAL SAFETY PRINCIPLES IAEA Safety Standards Series No. SF-1 IAEA SAFETY STANDARDS STI/PUB/1273 (37 pp.; 2006) Under the terms of Article III of its Statute, the IAEA is authorized to establish or adopt ISBN 92–0–110706–4 Price: €25.00 standards of safety for protection of health and minimization of danger to life and property, and to provide for the application of these standards. GOVERNMENTAL, LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK The publications by means of which the IAEA establishes standards are issued in the FOR SAFETY IAEA Safety Standards Series. This series covers nuclear safety, radiation safety, transport IAEA Safety Standards Series No. GSR Part 1 safety and waste safety. The publication categories in the series are Safety Fundamentals, STI/PUB/1465 (63 pp.; 2010) Safety Requirements and Safety Guides. ISBN 978–92–0–106410–3 Price: €45.00 Information on the IAEA’s safety standards programme is available at the IAEA Internet site THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR FACILITIES AND ACTIVITIES http://www-ns.iaea.org/standards/ IAEA Safety Standards Series No.