Devolution: a Road Map Patrick Diamond Jonathan Carr-West Lgiu Devolution: a Road Map 1 Foreword
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Combined Authorities – the Next Big Thing?
combined authorities – the next big thing? With newly directly elected mayors due to take up their roles at the head of Combined Authorities following elections in May, Janice Morphet considers the powers at their disposal and the possible impacts of the latest round of revolution in English local government In May 2017, another revolution in the way that dissolution and the creation of a new authority from England is governed at sub-national level will begin. 2019. Other approaches include county bids to Local government in the UK is in constant flux, with create unitary authorities for their areas or counter- recent changes implemented in Northern Ireland1 bids by district councils. and reform being mooted in Wales.2 In England, there have been changes introduced by central What are Combined Authorities? government that have fallen into two types of reform. Such bottom-up initiatives are framed within an The first is structural and top-down, such as the assumption, both by central and local government, creation of unitary authorities in a series of rounds,3 that they will gradually be adopted everywhere. a new governance model for London, and the Competitions for access to funds, the filling-in of abolition of the quasi-formal but not directly legal powers and peer-to-peer recommendations democratic structures at regional levels in 2009.4 between local authorities will all support these The second set of reforms are framed within shifts. Where there are two or three authorities central government policy but allow for the creation working together as in mergers or City Deals, then of new local governance structures within supposedly agreements are easier to map out, and benefits can locally determined and bottom-up approaches. -
Why Devolution Matters: the Case of Cornwall Yth on Ni A’N Le Ma – We Are of This Place
Institute for Public Policy Research WHY DEVOLUTION MATTERS: THE CASE OF CORNWALL YTH ON NI A’N LE MA – WE ARE OF THIS PLACE Sarah Longlands and Anna Round March 2021 Available at: www.ippr.org/publication/why-devolution-matters-the-case-of- cornwall INTRODUCTION From Covid-19 to Brexit to long term climate change, the complexity of the challenges the UK now faces means that the centralised system of government at Whitehall is no longer fit for purpose. Without a renewed commitment to devolution for all of the nations and regions which make up the UK, the government will fail to meet its promises to build back better and level up. More seriously still, we face the prospect of a disunited kingdom. The UK is one of the most economically divided countries in the developed world; it is also the most centralised (CEJ 2018, Raikes and Giovannini 2019, McCann 2019, UK2070 2020). This is not a coincidence. Research shows that where you live in the UK determines your ability to live a “good life” (Johns et al 2020). However, it has been the metro mayors, local government, civil society and business which have proved most agile and responsive to the challenges and impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic. Similarly, while central government may try to claim the credit, the recovery will be led by those same organisations. They know their communities best and are already deploying their limited resources, creativity and collaborative capital to rebuild local economies, support those who are out of work, and co-ordinate the recovery of people and place. -
TRANSPORT DELIVERY PLAN FEBRUARY 2021 Contents
Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 January 2019 Section 11: TRANSPORT DELIVERYMajor schemes and summary of interventions continued PLAN Figure 11.1: JLTP4 major schemes N February 2021 Charfield Thornbury public realm and sustainable transport improvements improved junctions new junctions Yate improved road North Fringe new road smart motorway Avonmouth Portishead cycle routes Bristol improved rail station Clevedon new rail station rail improvements Nailsea Keynsham metrobus other bus route improvements Bristol Airport Bath mass transit expanded Park & Ride site new Park & Ride site Weston-super-Mare Midsomer Norton Alignments and locations are for illustrative purposes and subject to feasibility studies and consultation. 114 115 TRANSPORT DELIVERY PLAN FEBRUARY 2021 Contents Transport Delivery Plan 3 Infrastructure Delivery Programme 8 The challenge 3 Investing in and improving key routes 9 Covid-19 3 Sustainable transport corridors 9 Climate Change 4 Projects in delivery 10 Our priorities 5 Future Transport Zone 13 Objectives 5 Future Transport Zone goals 13 What do we want to achieve? 5 Strategies and plans 6 Climate Emergency Action Plan 6 Regional Economic Recovery Plan 6 Joint Local Transport Plan 4 6 Local Cycling and Walking Infrastructure Plan 6 Bus strategy 7 10 Year Rail Delivery Plan 7 2 TRANSPORT DELIVERY PLAN FEBRUARY 2021 Transport Delivery Plan This Transport Delivery Plan sets Our population is growing at a faster rate than out the currently funded transport other city regions, and so the strain on our transport network, housing supply and digital projects (2021 – 2026) that are infrastructure is growing. There remains a real progressing to delivery over the contrast between rich and poor, and residents next 5 years in the West of England don’t benefit equally from the success of our region. -
Huw Jenkins, LCR Combined Authority
SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OVERVIEW Huw Jenkins, Liverpool City Region Combined Authority LCR European Structural and Investment Fund (ESIF) Strategy • LCR awarded £193m to deliver ESIF Strategy • Covers: ERDF, ESF and Rural Development • All calls focused on delivery of agreed local priorities • DCLG manages the ESIF Programme: appraises project applications and awards offer letters ERDF Projects Overview PA 1 R&D/Innovation PA 3 SME Competitiveness PA 4 Transition to Low Carbon • Sensor City • Business Growth Programme • Low Carbon EcoInnovatory • LCR 4.0 • New Markets 2 • LCR Future Energy • Health Enterprise Innovation • The Enterprise Hub • NPIF Exchange • Specialist Manufacturing Service • Innovate2Succeed • Place Marketing for Investment • LCR Activate • SME/International Trade • SUD INVESTMENTS (PA 4 & PA6) • NPIF • Thermal Road • Baltic Creative (Norfolk St) • NPIF What is a SUD Strategy? • Part of LCR ERDF allocation • Government asked Core City Regions to develop SUD Strategies in 2015 • SUD strategies set out integrated actions to tackle challenges affecting urban areas • The Combined Authority will have a greater say in project selection as an Intermediary Body • The local ESIF Partnership Committee will continue to provide advice on local strategic fit to the Combined Authority and DCLG • DCLG appraises and issues contracts to successful projects as before Underpinning Strategies The following strategies have shaped the development of the LCR SUD Strategy: • European Structural and Investment Fund Strategy • LCR -
Devolution Faqs
FAQs What is devolution? Why would places want to have more powers and The Government is offering places in England the responsibilities from Government? chance to have greater responsibility and control over Places may want to have additional powers and decisions and spending in their region. responsibilities: • To focus spending on local priorities, and have more of This process of transferring powers and decisions a say over local taxation. which would usually be taken by central Government • To work together across services and use local to a more local level or regional level is called knowledge to get better value for money devolution. • To be more self-sufficient and have more responsibility for the future of the local are How do things currently work? • For decisions to be taken by locally elected politicians Currently, most spending decisions affecting York (and who better understand local issues, and can be held to other local areas) are made by central Government. account more easily Further, many of the taxes raised within York (and other local areas) flow back to central Government for Why is this important now? it to redistribute as it sees fit. A recent report showed The Government is actively offering places in England the that £1.5 billion is raised in taxes each year in York but chance to have greater responsibility and control over less than £150 million of this is available to the council decisions and spending in their region. Places have until the to spend on local services. 4th of September to “submit formal, fiscally neutral proposals and an agreed geography to the Treasury”. -
Liverpool City Region Combined Authority End of Year Review 2020-2021 Pdf 447 Kb
LIVERPOOL CITY REGION COMBINED AUTHORITY To: The Metro Mayor and Members of the Combined Authority Meeting: 4 June 2021 Authority/Authorities Affected: All EXEMPT/CONFIDENTIAL ITEM: No REPORT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE LIVERPOOL CITY REGION COMBINED AUTHORITY END OF YEAR REVIEW 2020- 2021 1. PURPOSE OF REPORT 1.1 The purpose of this report is to highlight some of the achievements of the LCR Combined Authority during the 2020-21 municipal year. 2. RECOMMENDATIONS 2.1 It is recommended that the Liverpool City Region Combined Authority: (a) agree the End of Year Review 2020-21; and (b) any amendments/insertions be made in consultation with the Metro Mayor and Chief Executive. 3. BACKGROUND 3.1 The Liverpool City Region Combined Authority (LCRCA) is the Combined Authority for the Liverpool City Region, an area that covers the metropolitan county of Merseyside and the adjacent Borough of Halton. The Combined Authority was established on 1st April 2014 by statutory instrument under the provisions of the Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009. 3.2 The LCR Combined Authority is led by the directly elected Metro Mayor Steve Rotheram and brings together Liverpool City Region‟s six local authorities which are Halton Borough Council, Knowsley Metropolitan Borough Council, Liverpool City Council, Sefton Metropolitan Borough Council, St Helens Metropolitan Borough Council and Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council (“the six Constituent Authorities ”). In addition to the Metro Mayor, the membership of the Combined Authority also includes the Leaders of the five constituent Local Authorities, the elected Mayor of Liverpool City Council, the Chair of the Liverpool City Region Local Enterprise Partnership (LEP), Co-opted and Associate Members and designated Deputy Portfolio Holders. -
The Combined Authorities (Mayors) (Filling of Vacancies) Order 2017
EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM TO THE COMBINED AUTHORITIES (MAYORS) (FILLING OF VACANCIES) ORDER 2017 2017 No. 69 1. Introduction 1.1 This explanatory memorandum has been prepared by the Department for Communities and Local Government and is laid before Parliament by Command of Her Majesty. 2. Purpose of the instrument 2.1 This instrument makes essential provision in preparation for the introduction of directly elected mayors for combined authorities. The order provides the rules by which vacancies are to be declared in the office of Mayor, and the procedure by which these are to be filled through by-elections. 3. Matters of special interest to Parliament Matters of special interest to the Joint Committee on Statutory Instruments 3.1 None. Other matters of interest to the House of Commons 3.2 These entire instruments apply only to England. 3.3 The instruments apply only to England as they are entirely concerned with the filling of vacancies in the office of a mayor for the area of a combined authority. Section 103(2) of the Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009) (the 2009 Act) provides that a combined authority may be established in relation to local government areas in England. The instrument does not give rise to minor or consequential effects outside England. 3.4 In the view of the Department, for the purposes of House of Commons Standing Order 83P, the subject-matter of this instrument would be within the devolved legislative competence of the Northern Ireland Assembly if equivalent provision in relation to Northern Ireland were included in an Act of the Northern Ireland Assembly as a transferred matter; or the Scottish Parliament if equivalent provision in relation to Scotland were included in an Act of the Scottish Parliament; or the National Assembly for Wales if equivalent provision in relation to Wales were included in an Act of the National Assembly for Wales. -
1 Decentralization and Centralization in a Federal System : the Case Of
Rev. Sociol. Polit. vol.1 no.se Curitiba 2006 Decentralization and centralization in a federal system: the case of * democratic Brazil Maria Hermínia Tavares de Almeida University of São Paulo Abstract: This paper discusses the contradictory impulses towards decentralization and centralization in Brazil during the 1990s and early 2000s. After discussing the analytical issues related to the specific nature of decentralization in federal systems, the paper examines two sets of policy issues: those regulating the fiscal relations between national and sub-national governments and those redefining responsibilities for social services provision (basic education, health care, social assistance). Against conventional academic wisdom, it sustains that although there has been some re-centralization of fiscal decisions and of targeted income transfer programs, a clear re-centralization tendency cannot be siad to exist. Decentralization and centralization trends coexist propelled by different forces, with different motives and different outcomes. Keywords: centralization; de-centralization; democratization; fiscal relations; social welfares. After a decade of steadfast decentralization is Brazilian federation undergoing a process of re-centralization? Academic conventional wisdom, both within and outside Brazil, seems to say that indeed it is. Decentralization was a major issue of the Brazilian democratization agenda, during the 80s. The bureaucratic-authoritarian regime (1964-1984) concentrated decisions, financial resources and administrative capacities at federal level. The country became an extreme case of centralized federalism1, almost undistinguishable from a unitary polity. Therefore, it was only too natural that democratic opposition to military rule took decentralization as one of its most cherished aims, together with social justice, rule of law and citizens participation. Decentralization to the local level was argued for in the name of democracy as much as in the name of governmental efficiency and efficacy. -
How Do Citizens Participate in the Government?
How do citizens participate in the government? Autocratic/Autocracy Oligarchic/Oligarchy Democratic/Democracy Rule of ONE Rule of a FEW Rule of ALL Long definition: a country or nation that Long definition: a country or nation Long definition: a country or nation that is governed by a single person with controlled by a small group of people receives its power from the people (all unlimited power that hold the key to power the people hold the key to power) Examples of autocratic governments Examples of oligarchic governments Examples of democratic governments Dictatorship Theocracy Parliamentary democracy Absolute Monarchy Presidential democracy Theocracy How do citizens participate in the government? Autocratic/Autocracy Oligarchic/Oligarchy Democratic/Democracy Rule of ONE Rule of a FEW Rule of ALL Picture Picture Picture Long definition: Long definition: Long definition: Examples of autocratic governments Examples of oligarchic governments Examples of democratic governments How do governments distribute power? Unitary Confederation Federal Central government has all the power to Individual states make their own laws Power to make laws and decision for the make laws and decision for the people. and decision and are loosely aligned to a people is SHARED between central weak central government government and states Picture: Picture: Picture: Long definition: Long definition: Long definition: Examples of unitary governments Examples of confederation governments Examples of federal governments How do governments distribute power? Unitary Confederation Federal Central government has all the power to Individual states make their own laws Power to make laws and decisions for make laws and decision for the people. and decision and are loosely aligned to a the people is SHARED between a weak central government central authority and regional authorities Picture: Picture: Picture: Long definition: One central government Long definition: A weak or loose Long definition: Power is shared by a controls weaker states. -
National Identity Formation in Britain's Dominions and India William S
Southern Illinois University Carbondale OpenSIUC Research Papers Graduate School Spring 5-2011 Independent Personality: National Identity Formation in Britain's Dominions and India William S. Miller [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/gs_rp Recommended Citation Miller, William S., "Independent Personality: National Identity Formation in Britain's Dominions and India" (2011). Research Papers. Paper 93. http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/gs_rp/93 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in Research Papers by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INDEPENDENT PERSONALITY: NATIONAL IDENTITY FORMATION IN BRITAIN’S DOMINIONS AND INDIA by William S. Miller B.A., Illinois Wesleyan University, 2009 A Research Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master of Arts. Department of History in the Graduate School Southern Illinois University Carbondale May 2011 RESEARCH PAPER APPROVAL “INDEPENDENT PERSONALITY: NATIONAL IDENTITY FORMATION IN BRITAIN’S DOMINIONS AND INDIA” By William S. Miller A Research Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the field of History Approved by: Dr. Ras Michael Brown Graduate School Southern Illinois University Carbondale April 15, 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE SECTIONS Introduction ........................................................................................................ -
Devolution: a Mayor for Greater Manchester. What Does It Mean?
DEVOLUTION: A MAYOR FOR GREATER MANCHESTER. WHAT DOES IT MEAN? BOLTON | BURY | MANCHESTER | OLDHAM | ROCHDALE | SALFORD | STOCKPORT | TAMESIDE | TRAFFORD | WIGAN Devolution: A mayor for Greater Manchester. What does it mean? CONTENTS Introduction 3 How is the combined authority run? 4 What powers will the mayor and combined authority have? 6 What budgets will the mayor and combined authority have? 16 Annex A: Relevant legislation 27 Annex B: Useful words and phrases 29 2 Devolution: A mayor for Greater Manchester. What does it mean? INTRODUCTION In May 2017, there will be a major shift in the way we run our country. Powers, budgets and responsibilities will be passed down from central government to new directly-elected mayors in six regions across England, including in Greater Manchester. On Thursday 4 May, the residents of Bolton, Bury, Manchester, Oldham, Rochdale, Salford, Stockport, Tameside, Trafford, and Wigan will elect the first ever Mayor for Greater Manchester. The Mayor will represent Greater Manchester across the country and around the world. They will work with leaders of councils and businesses to create jobs, improve skills, build homes and make it easier to travel. The Mayor and the Greater Manchester Combined Authority will be able to: • invest in local priorities to improve Greater Manchester through an Investment Fund worth £900 million over 30 years; • keep more of the business rates that the councils collect from local businesses, to pay for local services; • set the rules for local bus services, including the routes, -
Devolution Within Northern Ireland a Report for the Northern Ireland Local Government Association
Devolution within Northern Ireland A report for the Northern Ireland Local Government Association June 2018 Peter Kenway and Issy Petrie Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................... 3 Introduction and focus ................................................................................................ 4 Public spending in Northern Ireland ........................................................................... 4 Spending at the local, devolved and UK government levels ................................... 4 What is the potential for local government in Northern Ireland? ............................. 6 Arguments for devolution ........................................................................................... 7 Why devolution: four arguments from the English debate ...................................... 7 Neighbourhood services and local government ....................................................... 10 Neighbourhood services ....................................................................................... 10 Responsibility for neighbourhood services in Northern Ireland ............................. 11 How far could devolution of neighbourhood services go? ..................................... 12 Devolving neighbourhood services: observations from Northern Ireland .............. 13 Other services and local governance ....................................................................... 15 Scotland’s Local Governance Review .................................................................