DOCSLIB.ORG

Download Vol. 11, No. 3

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Download Vol. 11, No. 3 BULLETIN OF THE FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Volume 11 Number 3 CATALOGUE OF FOSSIL BIRDS: Part 3 (Ralliformes, Ichthyornithiformes, Charadriiformes) Pierce Brodkorb M,4 * . /853 0 UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA Gainesville 1967 Numbers of the BULLETIN OF THE FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM are pub- lished at irregular intervals. Volumes contain about 800 pages and are not nec- essarily completed in any one calendar year. WALTER AuFFENBERC, Managing Editor OLIVER L. AUSTIN, JA, Editor Consultants for this issue. ~ HILDEGARDE HOWARD ALExANDER WErMORE Communications concerning purchase or exchange of the publication and all manuscripts should be addressed to the Managing Editor of the Bulletin, Florida State Museum, Seagle Building, Gainesville, Florida. 82601 Published June 12, 1967 Price for this issue $2.20 CATALOGUE OF FOSSIL BIRDS: Part 3 ( Ralliformes, Ichthyornithiformes, Charadriiformes) PIERCE BRODKORBl SYNOPSIS: The third installment of the Catalogue of Fossil Birds treats 84 families comprising the orders Ralliformes, Ichthyornithiformes, and Charadriiformes. The species included in this section number 866, of which 215 are paleospecies and 151 are neospecies. With the addenda of 14 paleospecies, the three parts now published treat 1,236 spDcies, of which 771 are paleospecies and 465 are living or recently extinct. The nominal order- Diatrymiformes is reduced in rank to a suborder of the Ralliformes, and several generally recognized families are reduced to subfamily status. These include Geranoididae and Eogruidae (to Gruidae); Bfontornithidae (to Phorusrhacidae); Bathornithidae, Psilopteridae, and "Hermosiornithidae" (to Cariamidae); Rostratulidae, Charadriidae, Phalaropodidae, and Haematopodidae (to Scolopacidae); Presbyornithidae (to Recurvirostridae); Rhegminomithidae (to Jacariidae); and Mancallidae (to Alcidae). New taxa include the family Gryza jidae (for Grt,zaia odessana Zubareva, in suborder Otides); the subfamilies Palaeociconiinae (for Palaeociconia Moreno and Mercerat, in Phorusrhacidae) and Prophororhacinae (for Prophororhacus Rovereto, in Cariamidae); the genus Eort!/x (for TringaP ho#manni Gervais, in Gallinuloid- inae); and the species Gallinula kansarum (Upper Pliocene, Kansas), Eogrus wetmorei (Upper Miocene, Inner Mongolia), Limosa ossicallis (Lower Pliocene, Florida), and Erolia ennottchii (new name for Totanus minor Ennouchi, pre- occupied). 1 The author is Professor of Biological Sciences and Zoology at the University of Florida, Gainesville. Manuscript received 18 July 1965.-Ed. Brodkorb, Pierce. 1967. Catalogue of · fossil birds, Part 3 (Ralliformes, Ichthyornithiformes, Charadriiformes). Bull. Florida State Mus., vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 99-220. 100 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM Vol. 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 106 ADDENDA TO PREVIOUS PARTS 108 Order RALLIFORMES ( Reichenbach). MARSH BIRDS and ALLIES 113 Suborder RALLI ( Reichenbach). RAILS and ALLIES 115 Family RALLIDAE VigorS. RAILS, CALLINULES, COOTS 115 Subfamily RALLINAE ( Vigors) RAILS · 116 1Telmatornis Marsh 116 1Palaeorallus Wetmore 117 tcypsornis Milne-Edwards 117 1Quercyrallus Lambrecht 118 f Rallicrex Lambrecht I18 +Palaeoaramidks Lambrecht 119 1Paraort!/gotnetra Lambrecht 119 tpararallus Lambrecht 119 Rallus Linnaeus 120 1Crectoides Shufeldt 120 Poriana Vieillot 121 tEurt/onotus Mercerat 122 tAphanocrex Wetmore 122 fcapetliratlus Falla 122 Callirallus Lafresnaye 123 1 Diaphorapteryx Forbes 123 Subfamily CALLINULINAE Gray. GALLINULES 123 teocrex Wetmore 123 tPalaeocrex Wetmore 124 +Miorallus Lambrecht 124 1 Thlornis Navds 124 Gallinula Brisson 125 +Epirallus L. Miller 126 Porphyrio Brisson 126 Tribonyx DuBus 126 +Houacrex Brodkorb 127 fNesotrochis Wetmore 127 +Pgramida Oliver 127 Notornis Owen 128 Subfamily FULICINAE ( Nitzsch). COOTS 128 t Fulicaletornis Lambrecht 128 +Miofutica Lambrecht 128 Fulica Linnaeus 129 +Palaeolimnas Forbes 130 +Nesophalaris Brodkorb and Dawson 131 Subfamily tTELECRECINAE Wetmore 131 1 Telecrex Wetmore 131, 1967 BRODKORB: CATALOGUE OF FOSSIL BIRDS 101 Subfamily tAPTORNITHINXE Bonaparte 131 tAptornis Owen 131 Neospecies of Rallidae 132 Family t IDIORNITHOAE Brodkorb 136 fIdiornis Oberholser 136 1Elaphrocnemus Milne-Edwards 137 Suborder HELIORNITHES Sharpe. FINFOOTS 138 Family HELIORNITHIDAE (Gray ), SUN-GREBES 139 Suborder RHYNOCHETI ( Sharpe). KAGU 139 Family RHYNOCHETIDAE Newton. KAGU 139 Suborder EURYPYGAE Furbringer. SUN-BITTERNS 139 Family EURYPYGIDAE Bonaparte. SUN-BITTERNS 139 Suborder MESITORNITHES Wetmore. ROATELOS 139 Family MESITORNITHIDAE WetmOre. ROATELOS 140 Suborder TURNICES ( Huxley). HEMIPODES 140 Family TURNICIDAE < ~ray ~ BUSTARD-QUAILS 140 Family PEDIONOMIDAE Gadow. COLLARED HEAOPODE 140 Suborder fGASTORNITHES Steinegerz 141 Family f GASTORNITHIDAE Furbringer 141 t Remiornis Lernoine 141 tdastornis H6bert 141 1Dasornis Owen · 142 Faniily t DIATRYMIDAE Matthew and Granger 143 1 Diatryma Cope 143 Suborder GRUES Bonaparte. CRANES, LIMPKINS, TRUMPETERS ___ 145 Family GRUIDAE Vigors. CRANES · · 145 Subfamily tGERANOIDINAE < WetmOre ~ i 146 tceranoides Wetmore 146 Subfamily BALEARICINAE ( W. L. Sclater). NORMAL CRANES 146 +Paragrus Lambrecht 146 fALetornis Marsh · 147 147 1Eobalearica Gureev 148 +Geranopsis Lydekker 148 fProbalearica Lambrecht 149 1 Pliogrus Lambrecht · 149 Subfamily tEOGRUINAE ( Wetmore p 150 tEogms Wetmore 150 Subfamily GRUINAE ( VigOrS). WHOOPING CRANES 151 Grus Pallas 151 tBaeopteryx Wetmore 152 Neospecies of Gruidae 152 ~ New rank. 102 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM Vol. 11 Family tERGILORNITHIDAE Kozlova 154 1 Proergilornis Kozlova 154 tErgitornis Kozlova 154 1 Urmiornis Mecquenem 154 Family ARAMIDAE Bonaparte. LIMPKINS 155 fAminornis Ameghino 155 fLoncornia Ameghino 155 1Badistornis Wetmore 155 fGnotornis Wetmore - 156 fAramornis Wetmore 156 Neospecies of Aramidae 156 Family PSOPHIIDAE Bonaparte. TRUMPETERS 157 Suborder CARIAMAE Furbringer. SERIEMAS and ALLIES 157 Family f CUNAMPAIIDAE Rusconi 157 1Cunampaia Rusconi 157 Family 1PHORUSRHACIDAE ( Ameghino) 157 Subfamily fBRONTORNITHINAE ( Moreno and Mercerat V 158 tPh!/sornis Ameghino 159 i Brontornis Moreno and Mercerat 159 Subfamily tPALAEOCICONIINAE Brodkorb; . 160 tAndrewsornis Patterson 160 tPalaeociconia Moreno and Mercerat 161 tAndatgatornis Patterson and J. L. Kraglievich 162 Subfamily 1PHORUSRHACINAE ( Ameghino) 162 ~Phorusrhacos Ameghino 163 tOnactornis Cabrera 165 t Titanis Brodkorb 166 Family CARIAMIDAE Bonaparte. SERIEMAS AND ALLIES 166 Subfamily fBATHORNITHINAE WetmOre 167 fBathornis Wetmore 167 Subfamily fPSILOPTERINAE ( Dolgopol de Saez ) 168 f Riacama Ameghino 168 tsmiliornis Ameghino 168 1Pseudolarus Ameghino 169 IPsilopterus Moreno and Mercerat 169 +Lophiornis Ameghino 171 f Procariama Rovereto 171 Subfamily fPROPHORORHACINAE Brodkorb' 171 fprophororhacus Rovereto 172 i New emendation. 2 New name. ' New subfamily. 1967 BRODKORB: CATALOGUE OF FOSSIL BIRDS 108 Subfamily CARIAMINAE Bonaparte. Seriemas 173 Neospecies of Cariaminae 173 Suborder OTIDES Wagler. BUSTARDS and ALLIES 173 Family OT[DIDAE ( Gray) BUSTARDS 173 fPaldeotis Lambrecht - 173 Chlamydotis Lesson 174 Otis Linnaeus 174 Neospecies of Otididae 174 Family f GRYZAJIDAE Brodkorbi 175 tGrgzaia Zubareva 175 Order fICHTHYORNITHIFORMES ( Marsh) 176 Family fICHTHYORN*inDAE ( Marsh) 176 +Ichthyornis Marsh - 176 Family f APATORNITHIDAE Furbringer 178 tApatornis Marsh 178 Order CHARADRIIFORMES ( Huxley). SHOREBIRDS, GULLS, AUKS_ 179 Suborder CHARADRII ( HuxIey). SHOREBIRDS .....__......__._........_....---_ 179 Family tCIMOLOPTERYGIDAE Brodkorb 180 iCimolopter!/r Marsh 180 1Ceramornis Brodkorb 181 Family SCOLOPACIDAE VigorS. SANDPIPERS and PLOVERS 181 Subfamily ~PALAEOTRINGINAE Wetmore 183 tfalaeotringa Marsh 183 Subfamily fROSTRATULINAE Ridgway. PAINTED SNIPES 184 IRhynchaettes Wittich 184 Subfamily SCOLOPACINAE ( Vigors ). SANDPIPERS 184 Limosa Brisson 185 Totanus Bechstein 186 1Paractitis Weigel 187 fE?orius Milne-Edwards 187 Numenius Brisson · 187 Bartramia Lesson 188 iPalnum€nius L. Miller 188 Erolia Vieillot 188 Ereunetes Illiger 189 Calidris Merrem 189 Micropatama Baird 190 Phitomachus Merrem 190 Capella Franzel 190 Coenocorupha Gray 190 i New family. 104 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM Vol. 11 Subfamily APHRIZINAE. COUes. SURFBIRD and TURNSTONES 191 Subfamily CHARADRUNAE ( Vig08). PLOVERS and LAI'WINGS 191 tDolicopterus Aymard 191 Charadrius Linnaeus 192 fLimicolauts Shufeldt - - 192 Vanellus Brisson 192 1Dor!/paltus Brodkorb 192 Subfamily PHALAROPODINAE Bonaparte. PHALAROPES 193 Subfamily HAEMATOPODINAE Gray. OYSTERCATCHERS ____.... - 193 +Paractiornis Wetmore 193 1Palostralegus Brodkorb 193 Neospecies of Scolopacidae 194 Family RECURVIROSTRIDAE Bonaparte. Avocrrs and STILTS ..._____ 199 Subfamily fPRESBYORNITHINAE ( Wetmore )1 200 tPresb!/oinis Wetm6re 200 +Coltonia Hardy 200 Subfamily RECURVIROSTRINAE Bonaparte. AVOCETS and STILTS 200 Neospecies of Recurvirostrinae 201 Family JACANIDAE Stejneger. LILY-TROTTERS 201 Subfamily t RHEGMINORNIrHINAE ( Wetmore)1 201 fRhegminornis Wetmore 202 Subfamily JACANINAE ( Strejneger ~.1 JACANAS 202 Neospecies of Jacaninae 202 Family BURHINIDAE Mathews. THICK-KNEES · 202 tMiLnea Lydekker 203 Burhinus Illiger 203 Neospecies of Burhinidae 203 Family DROMADIDAE < ~ray ~. (RAB-PLOVERS 203 Family GLAREOLIDAE Brehm. PRATINCOLES and COURSERS 203 Family THINOCORIDAE ( Gray ) SEED-SNIPES 204 Family CHIONIDn)AE Bonaparte. SHEATHBILLS 204 Suborder LARI Sharpe. GULLS and ALLIES 204 Family LARIDAE VigOrS. GULLS and TERNS 205 Subfamily LARINAE ( Vigors ). GULLS 205 tHalegornis Owen 205 t Rupetornis Van Beneden 205 Larus Linnaeus
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Phylogenetic Position of Ambiortus: Comparison with Other Mesozoic Birds from Asia1 J
    ISSN 00310301, Paleontological Journal, 2013, Vol. 47, No. 11, pp. 1270–1281. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2013. The Phylogenetic Position of Ambiortus: Comparison with Other Mesozoic Birds from Asia1 J. K. O’Connora and N. V. Zelenkovb aKey Laboratory of Evolution and Systematics, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, 142 Xizhimenwai Dajie, Beijing China 10044 bBorissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya ul. 123, Moscow, 117997 Russia email: [email protected], [email protected] Received August 6, 2012 Abstract—Since the last description of the ornithurine bird Ambiortus dementjevi from Mongolia, a wealth of Early Cretaceous birds have been discovered in China. Here we provide a detailed comparison of the anatomy of Ambiortus relative to other known Early Cretaceous ornithuromorphs from the Chinese Jehol Group and Xiagou Formation. We include new information on Ambiortus from a previously undescribed slab preserving part of the sternum. Ambiortus is superficially similar to Gansus yumenensis from the Aptian Xiagou Forma tion but shares more morphological features with Yixianornis grabaui (Ornithuromorpha: Songlingorni thidae) from the Jiufotang Formation of the Jehol Group. In general, the mosaic pattern of character distri bution among early ornithuromorph taxa does not reveal obvious relationships between taxa. Ambiortus was placed in a large phylogenetic analysis of Mesozoic birds, which confirms morphological observations and places Ambiortus in a polytomy with Yixianornis and Gansus. Keywords: Ornithuromorpha, Ambiortus, osteology, phylogeny, Early Cretaceous, Mongolia DOI: 10.1134/S0031030113110063 1 INTRODUCTION and articulated partial skeleton, preserving several cervi cal and thoracic vertebrae, and parts of the left thoracic Ambiortus dementjevi Kurochkin, 1982 was one of girdle and wing (specimen PIN, nos.
    [Show full text]
  • Terror Birds on the Run: a Mechanical Model to Estimate Its Maximum Running Speed R
    Proc. R. Soc. B (2005) 272, 1769–1773 doi:10.1098/rspb.2005.3133 Published online 26 July 2005 Terror birds on the run: a mechanical model to estimate its maximum running speed R. Ernesto Blanco1,* and Washington W. Jones2 1Instituto de Fı´sica, Facultad de Ingenierı´a, Julio Herrera y Reissig 565, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay 2Departamento de Paleontologı´a, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Repu´blica, Igua´ 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay ‘Terror bird’ is a common name for the family Phorusrhacidae. These large terrestrial birds were probably the dominant carnivores on the South American continent from the Middle Palaeocene to the Pliocene– Pleistocene limit. Here we use a mechanical model based on tibiotarsal strength to estimate maximum running speeds of three species of terror birds: Mesembriornis milneedwardsi, Patagornis marshi and a specimen of Phorusrhacinae gen. The model is proved on three living large terrestrial bird species. On the basis of the tibiotarsal strength we propose that Mesembriornis could have used its legs to break long bones and access their marrow. Keywords: palaeobiology; phororhacids; biomechanics; maximum running speed 1. INTRODUCTION other limiting factors have been proposed, such as risk of The phororhacids, which consists of five subfamilies and falling (Blanco & Mazzetta 2001; Farlow et al. 1995) and 13 genera (Alvarenga & Ho¨fling 2003), were large leg extensors muscle mass (Hutchinson 2004; Hutchinson terrestrial birds that thrived in the ecosystems of the &Garcı´a 2002). There are studies of locomotor American continents from the Middle Palaeocene to the capabilities in birds (for example: Alexander et al. 1979; Pliocene–Pleistocene limit.
    [Show full text]
  • Functional Relationship Between Skull Form and Feeding Mechanics in Sphenodon, and Implications for Diapsid Skull Development
    Functional Relationship between Skull Form and Feeding Mechanics in Sphenodon, and Implications for Diapsid Skull Development Neil Curtis1*, Marc E. H. Jones2, Junfen Shi1, Paul O’Higgins3, Susan E. Evans2, Michael J. Fagan1 1 Medical and Biological Engineering Research Group, Department of Engineering, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom, 2 Research Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 3 Hull-York Medical School, University of York, York, United Kingdom Abstract The vertebrate skull evolved to protect the brain and sense organs, but with the appearance of jaws and associated forces there was a remarkable structural diversification. This suggests that the evolution of skull form may be linked to these forces, but an important area of debate is whether bone in the skull is minimised with respect to these forces, or whether skulls are mechanically ‘‘over-designed’’ and constrained by phylogeny and development. Mechanical analysis of diapsid reptile skulls could shed light on this longstanding debate. Compared to those of mammals, the skulls of many extant and extinct diapsids comprise an open framework of fenestrae (window-like openings) separated by bony struts (e.g., lizards, tuatara, dinosaurs and crocodiles), a cranial form thought to be strongly linked to feeding forces. We investigated this link by utilising the powerful engineering approach of multibody dynamics analysis to predict the physiological forces acting on the skull of the diapsid reptile Sphenodon. We then ran a series of structural finite element analyses to assess the correlation between bone strain and skull form. With comprehensive loading we found that the distribution of peak von Mises strains was particularly uniform throughout the skull, although specific regions were dominated by tensile strains while others were dominated by compressive strains.
    [Show full text]
  • 71St Annual Meeting Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Paris Las Vegas Las Vegas, Nevada, USA November 2 – 5, 2011 SESSION CONCURRENT SESSION CONCURRENT
    ISSN 1937-2809 online Journal of Supplement to the November 2011 Vertebrate Paleontology Vertebrate Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Society of Vertebrate 71st Annual Meeting Paleontology Society of Vertebrate Las Vegas Paris Nevada, USA Las Vegas, November 2 – 5, 2011 Program and Abstracts Society of Vertebrate Paleontology 71st Annual Meeting Program and Abstracts COMMITTEE MEETING ROOM POSTER SESSION/ CONCURRENT CONCURRENT SESSION EXHIBITS SESSION COMMITTEE MEETING ROOMS AUCTION EVENT REGISTRATION, CONCURRENT MERCHANDISE SESSION LOUNGE, EDUCATION & OUTREACH SPEAKER READY COMMITTEE MEETING POSTER SESSION ROOM ROOM SOCIETY OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS SEVENTY-FIRST ANNUAL MEETING PARIS LAS VEGAS HOTEL LAS VEGAS, NV, USA NOVEMBER 2–5, 2011 HOST COMMITTEE Stephen Rowland, Co-Chair; Aubrey Bonde, Co-Chair; Joshua Bonde; David Elliott; Lee Hall; Jerry Harris; Andrew Milner; Eric Roberts EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Philip Currie, President; Blaire Van Valkenburgh, Past President; Catherine Forster, Vice President; Christopher Bell, Secretary; Ted Vlamis, Treasurer; Julia Clarke, Member at Large; Kristina Curry Rogers, Member at Large; Lars Werdelin, Member at Large SYMPOSIUM CONVENORS Roger B.J. Benson, Richard J. Butler, Nadia B. Fröbisch, Hans C.E. Larsson, Mark A. Loewen, Philip D. Mannion, Jim I. Mead, Eric M. Roberts, Scott D. Sampson, Eric D. Scott, Kathleen Springer PROGRAM COMMITTEE Jonathan Bloch, Co-Chair; Anjali Goswami, Co-Chair; Jason Anderson; Paul Barrett; Brian Beatty; Kerin Claeson; Kristina Curry Rogers; Ted Daeschler; David Evans; David Fox; Nadia B. Fröbisch; Christian Kammerer; Johannes Müller; Emily Rayfield; William Sanders; Bruce Shockey; Mary Silcox; Michelle Stocker; Rebecca Terry November 2011—PROGRAM AND ABSTRACTS 1 Members and Friends of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, The Host Committee cordially welcomes you to the 71st Annual Meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology in Las Vegas.
    [Show full text]
  • Onetouch 4.0 Scanned Documents
    / Chapter 2 THE FOSSIL RECORD OF BIRDS Storrs L. Olson Department of Vertebrate Zoology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington, DC. I. Introduction 80 II. Archaeopteryx 85 III. Early Cretaceous Birds 87 IV. Hesperornithiformes 89 V. Ichthyornithiformes 91 VI. Other Mesozojc Birds 92 VII. Paleognathous Birds 96 A. The Problem of the Origins of Paleognathous Birds 96 B. The Fossil Record of Paleognathous Birds 104 VIII. The "Basal" Land Bird Assemblage 107 A. Opisthocomidae 109 B. Musophagidae 109 C. Cuculidae HO D. Falconidae HI E. Sagittariidae 112 F. Accipitridae 112 G. Pandionidae 114 H. Galliformes 114 1. Family Incertae Sedis Turnicidae 119 J. Columbiformes 119 K. Psittaciforines 120 L. Family Incertae Sedis Zygodactylidae 121 IX. The "Higher" Land Bird Assemblage 122 A. Coliiformes 124 B. Coraciiformes (Including Trogonidae and Galbulae) 124 C. Strigiformes 129 D. Caprimulgiformes 132 E. Apodiformes 134 F. Family Incertae Sedis Trochilidae 135 G. Order Incertae Sedis Bucerotiformes (Including Upupae) 136 H. Piciformes 138 I. Passeriformes 139 X. The Water Bird Assemblage 141 A. Gruiformes 142 B. Family Incertae Sedis Ardeidae 165 79 Avian Biology, Vol. Vlll ISBN 0-12-249408-3 80 STORES L. OLSON C. Family Incertae Sedis Podicipedidae 168 D. Charadriiformes 169 E. Anseriformes 186 F. Ciconiiformes 188 G. Pelecaniformes 192 H. Procellariiformes 208 I. Gaviiformes 212 J. Sphenisciformes 217 XI. Conclusion 217 References 218 I. Introduction Avian paleontology has long been a poor stepsister to its mammalian counterpart, a fact that may be attributed in some measure to an insufRcien- cy of qualified workers and to the absence in birds of heterodont teeth, on which the greater proportion of the fossil record of mammals is founded.
    [Show full text]
  • Sistemática Y Filogenia De Las Aves Fororracoideas (Gruiformes, Cariamae)
    SISTEMÁTICA Y FILOGENIA DE LAS AVES FORORRACOIDEAS (GRUIFORMES, CARIAMAE) Federico Agnolín1, 2 1Laboratorio de Anatomía Comparada y Evolución de los Vertebrados, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”. Av. Ángel Gallardo, 470 (1405), Buenos Aires, República Argentina. fedeagnolí[email protected] 2Área Paleontología. Fundación de Historia Natural “Félix de Azara”. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Antropolo- gía. CEBBAD - Universidad Maimónides. Valentín Virasoro 732 (C1405BDB), Buenos Aires, República Argentina. Sistemática y Filogenia de las Aves Fororracoideas (Gruiformes, Cariamae). Federico Agnolín. Primera edición: septiembre de 2009. Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Antropología CEBBAD - Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Universidad Maimónides Valentín Virasoro 732 (C1405BDB) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, República Argentina. Teléfono: 011-4905-1100 (int. 1228). E-mail: [email protected] Página web: www.fundacionazara.org.ar Diseño: Claudia Di Leva. Agnolín, Federico Sistemática y filogenia de las aves fororracoideas : gruiformes, cariamae / Federico Agnolín ; dirigido por Adrián Giacchino. - 1a ed. - Buenos Aires : Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara, 2009. 79 p. : il. ; 30x21 cm. - (Monografías Fundación Azara / Adrián Giacchino) ISBN 978-987-25346-1-5 © Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara Queda hecho el depósito que marca la ley 11.723 Sistemática y Filogenia de las aves fororracoideas (Gruiformes, Cariamae) Resumen. En el presente trabajo se efectúa una revisión sistemática de las aves fororracoideas y se propone por primera vez una filogenia cladística para los Phororhacoidea y grupos relacionados. Se acuña el nuevo nombre Notogrues para el clado que incluye entre otros taxones a Psophia, Cariamidae y Phororhacoidea. Dentro de los Notogrues se observa una paulatina tendencia hacia la pérdida del vuelo y la carnivoría.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix A. Supplementary Material
    Appendix A. Supplementary material Comprehensive taxon sampling and vetted fossils help clarify the time tree of shorebirds (Aves, Charadriiformes) David Cernˇ y´ 1,* & Rossy Natale2 1Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago 60637, USA 2Department of Organismal Biology & Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago 60637, USA *Corresponding Author. Email: [email protected] Contents 1 Fossil Calibrations 2 1.1 Calibrations used . .2 1.2 Rejected calibrations . 22 2 Outgroup sequences 30 2.1 Neornithine outgroups . 33 2.2 Non-neornithine outgroups . 39 3 Supplementary Methods 72 4 Supplementary Figures and Tables 74 5 Image Credits 91 References 99 1 1 Fossil Calibrations 1.1 Calibrations used Calibration 1 Node calibrated. MRCA of Uria aalge and Uria lomvia. Fossil taxon. Uria lomvia (Linnaeus, 1758). Specimen. CASG 71892 (referred specimen; Olson, 2013), California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA. Lower bound. 2.58 Ma. Phylogenetic justification. As in Smith (2015). Age justification. The status of CASG 71892 as the oldest known record of either of the two spp. of Uria was recently confirmed by the review of Watanabe et al. (2016). The younger of the two marine transgressions at the Tolstoi Point corresponds to the Bigbendian transgression (Olson, 2013), which contains the Gauss-Matuyama magnetostratigraphic boundary (Kaufman and Brigham-Grette, 1993). Attempts to date this reversal have been recently reviewed by Ohno et al. (2012); Singer (2014), and Head (2019). In particular, Deino et al. (2006) were able to tightly bracket the age of the reversal using high-precision 40Ar/39Ar dating of two tuffs in normally and reversely magnetized lacustrine sediments from Kenya, obtaining a value of 2.589 ± 0.003 Ma.
    [Show full text]
  • Insight Into the Evolution of Avian Flight from a New Clade of Early
    J. Anat. (2006) 208, pp287–308 IBlackwnell Publishing sLtd ight into the evolution of avian flight from a new clade of Early Cretaceous ornithurines from China and the morphology of Yixianornis grabaui Julia A. Clarke,1 Zhonghe Zhou2 and Fucheng Zhang2 1Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA 2Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Abstract In studies of the evolution of avian flight there has been a singular preoccupation with unravelling its origin. By con- trast, the complex changes in morphology that occurred between the earliest form of avian flapping flight and the emergence of the flight capabilities of extant birds remain comparatively little explored. Any such work has been limited by a comparative paucity of fossils illuminating bird evolution near the origin of the clade of extant (i.e. ‘modern’) birds (Aves). Here we recognize three species from the Early Cretaceous of China as comprising a new lineage of basal ornithurine birds. Ornithurae is a clade that includes, approximately, comparatively close relatives of crown clade Aves (extant birds) and that crown clade. The morphology of the best-preserved specimen from this newly recognized Asian diversity, the holotype specimen of Yixianornis grabaui Zhou and Zhang 2001, complete with finely preserved wing and tail feather impressions, is used to illustrate the new insights offered by recognition of this lineage. Hypotheses of avian morphological evolution and specifically proposed patterns of change in different avian locomotor modules after the origin of flight are impacted by recognition of the new lineage.
    [Show full text]
  • Titanis Walleri: Bones of Contention
    Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist. (2005) 45(4): 201-229 201 TITANIS WALLERI: BONES OF CONTENTION Gina C. Gould1 and Irvy R. Quitmyer2 Titanis walleri, one of the largest and possibly the last surviving member of the otherwise South American Phorusrhacidae is re- considered in light of all available data. The only verified phorusrhacid recovered in North America, Titanis was believed to exhibit a forward-extending arm with a flexible claw instead of a traditional bird wing like the other members of this extinct group. Our review of the already described and undescribed Titanis material housed at the Florida Museum of Natural History suggest that Titanis: (1) was like other phorusrhacids in sporting small, ineffectual ratite-like wings; (2) was among the tallest of the known phorusrhacids; and (3) is the last known member of its lineage. Hypotheses of its range extending into the Pleistocene of Texas are challenged, and herein Titanis is presumed to have suffered the same fate of many other Pliocene migrants of the Great American Interchange: extinction prior to the Pleistocene. Key Words: Phorusrhacidae; Great American Biotic Interchange; Florida; Pliocene; Titanis INTRODUCTION men on the tarsometatarsus, these specimens were as- Titanis walleri (Brodkorb 1963), more commonly known signed to the Family Phorusrhacidae (Brodkorb 1963) as the North American ‘Terror Bird’, is one of the larg- and named after both a Titan Goddess from Greek my- est known phorusrhacids, an extinct group of flightless thology and Benjamin Waller, the discoverer of the fos- carnivorous birds from the Tertiary of South America, sils (Zimmer 1997). Since then, isolated Titanis mate- and most likely, the last known member of its lineage rial has been recovered from three other localities in (Brodkorb 1967; Tonni 1980; Marshall 1994; Alvarenga Florida (Table 1; Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Ebook ^ Extinct Flightless Birds: Dodo, Moa, Great Auk, Gastornis
    QW3BE16N56 ^ Extinct flightless birds: Dodo, Moa, Great Auk, Gastornis, Elephant bird, Stephens Island... « Book Extinct fligh tless birds: Dodo, Moa, Great A uk, Gastornis, Eleph ant bird, Steph ens Island W ren, Dromornith idae, A epyornis, Hesperornith es By Source: Wikipedia Books LLC, Wiki Series, 2016. Paperback. Book Condition: New. PRINT ON DEMAND Book; New; Publication Year 2016; Not Signed; Fast Shipping from the UK. No. book. READ ONLINE [ 7.56 MB ] Reviews Merely no words to spell out. I am quite late in start reading this one, but better then never. I am happy to explain how this is actually the very best publication we have go through within my personal daily life and can be he best ebook for at any time. -- Althea Christiansen This sort of ebook is everything and made me hunting ahead of time and more. I am quite late in start reading this one, but better then never. I found out this publication from my dad and i suggested this publication to discover. -- Judge Mills ROFLPHUIRS > Extinct flightless birds: Dodo, Moa, Great Auk, Gastornis, Elephant bird, Stephens Island... « Book Related Books TJ new concept of the Preschool Quality Education Engineering: new happy learning young children (3-5 years old) daily learning book Intermediate (2)(Chinese Edition) paperback. Book Condition: New. Ship out in 2 business day, And Fast shipping, Free Tracking number will be provided aer the shipment.Paperback. Pub Date :2005-09-01 Publisher: Chinese children before making Reading: All books are the Youth Pre- employment Training software download generated pictures... TJ new concept of the Preschool Quality Education Engineering the daily learning book of: new happy learning young children (3-5 years) Intermediate (3)(Chinese Edition) paperback.
    [Show full text]
  • The Gastornis (Aves, Gastornithidae) from the Late Paleocene of Louvois (Marne, France)
    Swiss J Palaeontol (2016) 135:327–341 DOI 10.1007/s13358-015-0097-7 The Gastornis (Aves, Gastornithidae) from the Late Paleocene of Louvois (Marne, France) 1 2 Ce´cile Mourer-Chauvire´ • Estelle Bourdon Received: 26 May 2015 / Accepted: 18 July 2015 / Published online: 26 September 2015 Ó Akademie der Naturwissenschaften Schweiz (SCNAT) 2015 Abstract The Late Paleocene locality of Louvois is specimens to a new species of Gastornis and we designate located about 20 km south of Reims, in the department of it as Gastornis sp., owing to the fragmentary nature of the Marne (France). These marly sediments have yielded material. However, the morphological features of the numerous vertebrate remains. The Louvois fauna is coeval Louvois material are sufficiently distinct for us to propose with those of the localities of Cernay-le`s-Reims and Berru that three different forms of Gastornis were present in the and is dated as reference-level MP6, late Thanetian. Here Late Paleocene of North-eastern France. we provide a detailed description of the remains of giant flightless gastornithids that were preliminarily reported in a Keywords Gastornis Á Louvois Á Sexual size study of the vertebrate fauna from Louvois. These frag- dimorphism Á Thanetian Á Third coeval form mentary gastornithid remains mainly include a car- pometacarpus, several tarsometatarsi, and numerous pedal phalanges. These new avian fossils add to the fossil record Introduction of Gastornis, which has been reported from various Early Paleogene localities in the Northern Hemisphere. Tar- The fossiliferous locality of Louvois was discovered by M. sometatarsi and pedal phalanges show large differences in Laurain during the digging of a ditch for a gas pipeline, and size, which may be interpreted as sexual size dimorphism.
    [Show full text]
  • Terror Birds “Phorusrhacidae”
    Terror Birds “Phorusrhacidae” TAXONOMY AND PHYLOGENY ORIGINS OF FLIGHTLESSNESS IN BIRDS ADAPTATIONS ● Named in Diet and Hunting: (3) 1887 by The graphic to the left compares the skulls of Florentino Origin: (5) three species of terror birds including Ameghino, A theory commonly accepted by scientist is that all Andalgalornis steulleti, Haliaeetus albicilla and after the first birds that cannot fly today descended from birds that Cariama cristata. Each skull is placed under member of could fly. Some scientist argue that the birds that can different load cases. the group no longer fly lost that ability because there wasn’t any discovered, evolutionary advantage to flying in their environment. If Andalgalornis steulleti hunted small prey: Phorusrhacos Relation to Phorusrhacidae: (9) ● Less precision necessary ● Upon naming, Phorusrhacidae evolved to be menacing predators ● Easier to kill no precedent despite not having the ability to fly. Part of what made ● More safe to consume for a large them such a formidable predator is their small wings. If Andalgalornis steulleti hunted large prey: carnivorous bird had existed in South America (6) The size of the wings of Phorusrhacidae allowed for ● More precision ● SIlhouettes in the above diagram indicate body size, them to make quick maneuvers while moving at top ● Avoiding high lateral loads and dark silhouettes indicate a body mass over 70kg. speeds. This ultimately enabled them to out maneuver ● Used attack-and-retreat strategy ● Easily identified in the tree is the divergence from their prey more often than not. ● Possible use of talons to hold down prey smaller terror birds to those that are very large, the 3 ones we are familiar with, like Phorusrhacos.
    [Show full text]