PDF (Author's Version)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

PDF (Author's Version) En vue de l'obtention du DOCTORAT DE L'UNIVERSITÉ DE TOULOUSE Délivré par : Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse (Toulouse INP) Discipline ou spécialité : Pathologie, Toxicologie, Génétique et Nutrition Présentée et soutenue par : M. TIAGO SERRADAS VIEGAS MENDONÇA le vendredi 16 octobre 2020 Titre : Influence of the activities imposed by the human being on equine emotional responses Ecole doctorale : Sciences Ecologiques, Vétérinaires, Agronomiques et Bioingénieries (SEVAB) Unité de recherche : Département Sciences Agronomiques et Agroalimentaires (SSA-EIP) Directeur(s) de Thèse : M. PATRICK PAGEAT MME CECILE BIENBOIRE-FROSINI Rapporteurs : M. DANIEL MILLS, LINCOLN UNIVERSITY CANTERBURY Mme KONSTANZE KRÜGER, UNIVERSITE NUERTINGEN GEISLINGEN Membre(s) du jury : M. JEAN-LUC CADORE, ECOLE NATIONALE VETERINAIRE DE LYON, Président M. ALESSANDRO COZZI, IRSEA, Membre M. MANUEL PEQUITO, UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA, Membre Mme CECILE BIENBOIRE-FROSINI, IRSEA, Membre Mme LYNETTE HART, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS, Invité M. PATRICK PAGEAT, IRSEA, Membre 1 PREFACE The number of manifestations from the general public with arguments against the use of horses in sports has increased. The most common argument is that using horses, or animals in general, for sports is an attack on the animal’s dignity. However, most of these arguments are not evidence-based. As a rider, I have asked myself the questions “are we using or sharing activities with horses? Are horses enjoying this activity as I am?” for many years. At the end of my veterinarian academic years I had the opportunity to perform an internship in IRSEA (Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology) for six months. In this internship, we have studied equine cognitive skills and abilities and some implications of chemical communication. At this point, I have realised that positive or negative interactions with horses could modify their perception of humans. I started asking the question about “how would horses perceive training”. The only way to answer that question is by studying horses in the contexts of training or working. The arguments of the lay population against the involvement of equines in sports needed to be investigated. Scientific information should demystify what is right or wrong, and most importantly help to improve equine living conditions, careers and social relationships with humans, thus improving equine welfare in general. This thesis provides some information on horses’ perception of their training or working activities. The knowledge about the perception of horses is the beginning of an intellectual process that aims to improve equine welfare. The perception of an activity depends on the methods employed in training, work or competition. In this study some exercises, that are common to many equestrian disciplines, were investigated and compared to see their pros and cons in relation to equine emotional responses. Finally, this study provides reliable information that can be used by riders, trainers and therapists to improve equine welfare. 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS / REMERCIEMENTS I would like to address a very special acknowledgement to my supervisors, Prof Patrick Pageat and Dr Cécile Bienboire-Frosini. I will start stating that the words written in here will not be enough to describe how grateful I am from having worked with you these three years of PhD and hopefully many years are still to come. A PhD is a long road with many challenges. The supervisor and co-supervisor roles are somehow ungrateful, because you may have an easy answer to solve a problem, but you should not provide the answer to the student, so the student could find that answer on his/her own and learn from that experience. Whether you should let the student keep on searching for an answer or asking different questions, and when you must guide the student to be sure that the work is going on is a difficult task and decision to make. From my perspective you did a great job. All these years I felt confident to look for some answers and to ask different questions on my own, but you were there to tell me what direction I should take when I needed. I have learned a lot with you, and I believe this work is living prove of this learning path. I have learned a lot at the professional level, but to me this was expected from the very beginning. What I did not expect was to learn so much at personal level. You are very humane persons who taught me, indirectly, and probably unconscientiously, different human values, which are so important to succeed in every working environment. Thank you for your guidance and for all the opportunities that you gave me. Merci beaucoup. Thank you to all the members of my thesis committee for their guidance, suggestions and support. Dr Alessandro Cozzi, Prof Jean-Luc Cadoré and Dr Manuel Pequito (members of the thesis committee) have made this organisation easier. Your optimistic approach, your critics and suggestions were of huge importance to this work. Grazie mille. Merci beaucoup. Muito obrigado. Merci à Izabela Kowalczyk, Julien Leclercq, Fanny Menuge et Nicolas Sanchez qui ont vécu des essais sur le terrain sous des conditions météorologiques défavorables et avec une 3 très haute intensité. Des phrases qui nous resterons toujours comme « La Sorgue a bien monté », lorsqu’on passé la plaque de « La Durance ». Je garde nos moments de (dés)espoir quand nous avons dû « construire » des parcs pour tester des chevaux, mais le sol était tellement solide que les piquets se tordaient, ou quand le système d’enregistrement de la biomécanique ne marchait sans connexion internet et nous étions perdus au milieu de nulle part avec quelqu’un de l’équipe déjà à cheval. Malgré tout, nous avons bien profité de tous les moments avec une ambiance positive et les problèmes étaient relativisés, ce qui nous a permis de réussir chaque essai. Je vous remercie de tous les moments que nous avons eu l’occasion de partager et de votre implication dans les différentes études. Dziękuję. Merci beaucoup. Merci à Céline, Estelle, Eva et Sana pour toutes les analyses statistiques, mais surtout de votre implication dans la préparation des protocoles de recherches et de vos visites sur le terrain pour mieux comprendre les objectifs de chaque essai. Votre équipe a été présente dès le début (préparation) à la fin (jour de la soutenance) de ma thèse. Cela est incroyable et je vous en remercie. Merci beaucoup. Je voudrais remercier le Dr Manuel Mengoli puisque c’est lui qui m’a lancé dans le domaine de l’éthologie, de l’éthologie clinique et de la recherche en tant que professionnel. Ce doctorat est la continuation naturelle d’un parcours d’études qui a commencé pour la conclusion de mon Master en Médecine Vétérinaire sous sa direction. Grazie mille. Je voudrais remercier toute l’équipe du Group-IRSEA. Vous toutes et tous ont participé à cette thèse. Un thésard peut se retrouver face à des questions ou des problématiques variées qui sortent quelquefois de son domaine de travail, mais quand celui est entouré de personnes avec d’autres expertises cela se rend plus simple. La multidisciplinarité de notre Group-IRSEA est notre force. Tout au long de la thèse, quand des problématiques se sont présentées, j’en discutais avec vous, qui ce soit dans le couloir ou dans une pause dans la matinée. Nos petites discussions de couloir, qui ne semblent avoir aucune importance à l’œil nu, m’ont souvent 4 donné des clés pour la résolution des problèmes. Plusieurs fois, en tant que thésard, ce qu’il me fallait n’était qu’un regard externe. Ce regard était le vôtre. Merci beaucoup. Je remercie toutes et tous les propriétaires ou détenteurs des chevaux et leurs compagnons de quatre pattes qui ont participé aux différentes études de cette thèse. Votre soutien, motivation et disponibilité c’est, avant tout, ce qui a permis la réalisation de ce travail. Merci beaucoup. « The better part of one’s life consists of his friendships » (Abraham Lincoln). Je voudrais remercier certains amis plus proches qui constituent ma nouvelle famille en France. Merci spécialement à Véronique et Patrick, Cécile et Sylvain, Míriam et Alessandro, Pietro et Elisa. Patrick et Véronique, vous êtes la cause d’un aggravement d’une maladie ancienne dont je suis porteur (sain ?), la passion du cheval et du sport équestre. Cette maladie est probablement à l’origine de cette thèse. En plus de cette maladie, vous m’avez fait rencontrer trois chevaux pour lesquels j’ai créé un attachement. Uranus car c’est le cheval qui m’a remis à l’équitation six ans après une pause, Pilahr qui est venu me permettre d’évoluer en tant que cavalier et Astro car c’est le seul cheval avec qui je peux parler en portugais aux écuries. Patrick m’a dit au début de la thèse certains mots dont l’idée je n’oublierai jamais. Il m’a dit qu’il fallait que je continue à visiter des musées, que je continue à faire de la musique (il était optimiste sur ce point car je ne suis pas très doué) et que je continue à faire du sport pendant la thèse. J’ai trouvé cela un peu bizarre car j’attendais de mon directeur de thèse qu’il me dise qu’il faut surtout que je me concentre sur ma thèse à 100%. J’ai dû faire une drôle de tête puisqu’il m’a regardé et m’a dit : « ne t’inquiète pas, si tu fais tout ça, la thèse se fera naturellement. » A ce moment-là, je n’ai pas pu m’empêcher et j’ai demandé, « mais pourquoi ? ». Patrick m’a répondu « qu’il est important d’avoir une vie riche en dehors du travail (en occurrence la thèse) pour que la vie au travail se passe bien.
Recommended publications
  • Pima Medical Institute
    ® Trusted. Respected. Preferred. CATALOG 2015 - 2016 Campus Locations Albuquerque Houston (505) 881-1234 (713) 778-0778 4400 Cutler Avenue N.E. 10201 Katy Freeway Albuquerque, NM 87110 Houston, TX 77024 Albuquerque West Las Vegas (505) 890-4316 (702) 458-9650 8601 Golf Course Road N.W. 3333 E. Flamingo Road Albuquerque, NM 87114 Las Vegas, NV 89121 Aurora Mesa (303) 368-7462 (480) 644-0267 13750 E. Mississippi Avenue 957 S. Dobson Road Aurora, CO 80012 Mesa, AZ 85202 Chula Vista Phoenix (619) 425-3200 (602) 265-7462 780 Bay Boulevard, Ste. 101 1445 E. Indian School Road Chula Vista, CA 91910 Phoenix, AZ 85014 Colorado Springs Renton (719) 482-7462 (425) 228-9600 3770 Citadel Drive North 555 S. Renton Village Place Colorado Springs, CO 80909 Renton, WA 98057 Denver Seattle (303) 426-1800 (206) 322-6100 7475 Dakin Street 9709 Third Avenue N.E., Ste. 400 Denver, CO 80221 Seattle, WA 98115 East Valley (Mesa, AZ) Tucson (480) 898-9898 (520) 326-1600 2160 S. Power Road 3350 E. Grant Road Mesa, AZ 85209 Tucson, AZ 85716 El Paso (915) 633-1133 8375 Burnham Road El Paso, TX 79907 Visit us at pmi.edu CV-201504 “…the only real measuring stick of a school’s success is the achievement of its students.” Richard L. Luebke, Jr. History, Philosophy, and Mission of Pima Medical Institute Welcome to Pima Medical Institute (PMI). The history of our school is a success story that has its roots in the vision of its owners and founders, a dynamic husband and wife team. In January 1972, Richard Luebke, Sr.
    [Show full text]
  • EQUINE VISION - WHAT DOES YOUR HORSE SEE? by Tammy Miller Michau, Michele Stengard, Diplomates of the American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists
    EQUINE VISION - WHAT DOES YOUR HORSE SEE? By Tammy Miller Michau, Michele Stengard, Diplomates of the American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists For millennia, the horse has depended on its visual abilities for it’s survival. In the current world, survival has become less of an issue but the visual function of the horse is still critically adapted to a “flight” response from threats or predators. Therefore, understanding horses normal vision is critical to understand normal behavior and the effects of disease on vision. Changes in vision secondary to disease can result in abnormal behavior and poor performance. WHAT DOES THE HORSE “SEE”? The horse’s vision is adapted to function in both bright light and dim light. The act of seeing is a complex process that depends upon: 1) light from the outside world falling onto the eye, 2) the eye transmitting and focusing the images of these objects on the retina where they are detected, 3) the transmission of this information to the brain, and 4) the brain processing this information so as to make it useful. VISUAL PERSPECTIVE AND FIELD OF VIEW Visual perspective varies greatly depending on whether the horse’s head is up or down (i.e. grazing) and how tall it is (i.e. miniature horse or a draft breed). The position of the eyes in the skull of a horse allows for a wide, panoramic view. Their visual field is enormous (up to 350°) and provides nearly a complete sphere of vision with few small “blind spots”. DEPTH PERCEPTION Stereopsis (binocular depth perception) is the fusing of 2 images from slightly different vantage points into one image.
    [Show full text]
  • Anatomy and Physiology: Imaging-Related Anatomy, Normal Imaging Features and Physiology
    ECVDI® Study Guide 2019 Introduction: The ECVDI Study Guide is a guide for ECVDI residents preparing for the theoretical board examination, and is intended to give an indication of topics that may be covered in the examination. Examiners will base their question selection on the Small Animal and Large Animal Exam Content Outlines. 100% adherence to the objectives in this document is not guaranteed. Anatomy and Physiology: Imaging-related anatomy, normal imaging features and physiology For the Large Animal Track, approximately 80% of exam questions will be related to large animal anatomy, with emphasis on the musculoskeletal system. For the Small Animal Track, approximately 95% of exam questions will be related to canine and feline anatomy and up to 5% may relate to other species. 1. General 1.1. Emphasis will be placed on canine, feline and equine anatomy and physiology. 1.2. Current anatomic nomenclature will be used in questions and expected in answers (Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria). 1.3. Current international nomenclature of radiographic projections will be used in questions and expected in answers. 2. General musculoskeletal system 2.1. Process of bone formation and growth. 2.2. Ages at which ossification centres fuse. 2.3. Blood supply of long bones. 2.3.1.Blood supply and differences between blood supply in immature and mature long bones. 2.3.2.Differences in large animal versus small animal immature long bone blood supply. 2.4. Physiology: 2.4.1.Physiologic sequence and mechanism of normal fracture healing. 3. Axial skeleton 3.1. Topographic features of vertebrae in all spinal segments.
    [Show full text]
  • Equine Science-Year
    STRANDS AND STANDARDS EQUINE SCIENCE-YEAR Course Description Students will be exposed to equine science and technology principles which include genetics, anatomy, physiology/nutrition, diseases, pests, and management practices. The scientific processes of observation, measurement, hypothesizing, data gathering, interpretation, analysis, and application are stressed. Career opportunities and educational preparation are examined. Learning activities are varied, with classroom, laboratory, and field experiences emphasized. EQUINE SCIENCE-YEAR Intended Grade Level 9-12 Units of Credit 1.0 Core Code 30.02.00.00.070 Concurrent Enrollment Core Code N/A Prerequisite N/A Skill Certification Test Number 126 Test Weight 1.0 License Type CTE and/or Secondary Education 6-12 Required Endorsement(s) Endorsement 1 Agriculture (CTE/General) Endorsement 2 Animal Science & Technology Endorsement 3 Agriculture Science (Career & Technical) STRAND 1 Students will develop an understanding of the role of FFA in Agricultural Education Programs. Standard 1 Students will understand the history and organization of FFA. • Students will explain how, when, and why the FFA was organized. • Students will explain the mission and strategies, colors, motto, parts of the emblem, and the organizational structure of the FFA. • Students will recite and explain the meaning of the FFA Creed. • Students will explain the purpose of a Program of Activities and its committee structure. Standard 2 Students will discover opportunities in FFA. • Students will describe how the FFA develops leadership skills, personal growth, and career success. • Students will identify major state and national activities available to FFA members. Standard 3 Students will determine FFA degrees, awards, and Career Development Events. • Students will explain the FFA degree areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Libro Completo Abril 2009
    UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN Departamento de Periodismo II ACOSO MORAL Y COMUNICACIÓN INTERNA EN LA EMPRESA (EL CASO DEL BOSSING, O ACOSO A CARGO DEL JEFE O DE SUS REPRESENTANTES O DIRECTIVOS) MEMORIA PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE DOCTOR PRESENTADA POR Antonio José Molero Hermosilla Bajo la dirección del doctor A. Javier Fernández del Moral Madrid, 2009 ISBN: 978-84-692-8449-0 UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN DEPARTAMENTO DE PERIODISMO II ACOSO MORAL Y COMUNICACIÓN INTERNA EN LA EMPRESA (El caso del bossingbossingbossing, o acoso a cargo del jefe o de sus representantes o directivos) TESIS que para obtener el Doctorado en Ciencias de la Información presenta AAANTONIO JOSÉ MOLERO HERMOSILLA dirige A. JAVIER FERNÁNDEZ DEL MORAL ACOSO MORAL Y COMUNICACIÓN INTERNA EN LA EMPRESA (El caso del bossingbossingbossing, o acoso a cargo del jefe o de sus representantes o directivos) Madrid, abril de 2009 UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN DEPARTAMENTO DE PERIODISMO II ACOSO MORAL Y COMUNICACIÓN INTERNA EN LA EMPRESA (El caso del bossingbossingbossing, o acoso a cargo del jefe o de sus representantes o directivos) TESIS que para obtener el Doctorado en Ciencias de la Información presenta ANTONIO JOSÉ MOLERO HERMOSILLA dirige A. JAVIER FERNÁNDEZ DEL MORAL 6 ÍNDICE INTRODUCCIÓN ........................................................................................ 13 PRIMERA PARTE: EL ACOSO MORAL 1. Definición y dimensión del fenómeno ............................................ 31 1.1. Cuestión terminológica................................................................... 32 1.1.1. Vocablos de uso más frecuente ............................................ 32 1.1.2. Fundamentación de la expresión "acoso moral" ..................... 40 1.2. Nivel de extensión de este riesgo psicosocial laboral.......................
    [Show full text]
  • Equine Anatomy & Digestion
    Equine Anatomy & Digestion In all mammals, the gut is a one-way street: food is taken in at the front. As it passes through the digestive system, it is processed and nutrients are removed. What cannot be digested and absorbed is passed out at the rear as feces. MOUTH/TEETH Lips, tongue and front teeth help get the food into the mouth. Further back are teeth which begin the process of breaking down the food by masticating or chewing it. Saliva is added to the chewed food, to moisten it for swallowing. Saliva also contains one or two enzymes that begin the chemical digestion of the food. ESOPHAGUS Once food is swallowed, it is carried to the stomach in the abdomen through a long muscular tube called the esophagus. Muscles in the esophagus wall contract behind the food item to propel it along the tube. STOMACH The stomach has muscles in the wall. These muscles assist digestion by contracting to churn the contents, just like a washing machine, making sure that the digesta are well mixed with the acid and enzymes. For such a large animal, the stomach is quite small. Comparing it with a dog or a human stomach, it is relatively smaller in proportion to the animal’s size. So a horse’s stomach does not operate as large storage reservoir where much of digestion takes place: Instead it is designed to take small, frequent quantities of food, begin digesting them, and passing them along rapidly. Unlike most mammals, acid is constantly being secreted into the stomach (whether or not there is food present) Stomach has 2 distinct sections 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Determinación De La Carga Al Dorso En Caballos De Rodeo Chileno Y
    Arch Med Vet 44, 285-289 (2012) COMUNICACIÓN Determinación de la carga al dorso en caballos de rodeo chileno y comparación con la capacidad máxima de carga al dorso estimada, de acuerdo a la fórmula de Beltrán (1954) Determination of the back load in horses used for Chilean rodeo and comparison with the estimated back load maximum capacity, in accordance with the Beltrán formula (1954) L Muñoza*, D Ortiza, R Ortiza, I Cabezasa, M Brionesb aDepartamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile. bDepartamento de Ciencias Pecuarias, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile. SUMMARY This study was aimed to determine the weight supported on the back of the Chilean horse during the Chilean rodeo and to determine if this weight represents an overload for the animal, according to the Beltrán formula (1954). One hundred and forty registered Chilean horses, 74 geldings, 42 mares and 24 stallions (ages from 5 to 22 years) participants in rodeos at the O’Higgins Region were sampled. The height to the withers and girth in each individual was obtained in order to establish the back load maximum capacity. Riders and saddles were weighed to calculate the actual load supported by each horse and the actual percentage used of the maximun load was estimated. The results obtained indicate that Chilean rodeo horses present average height to the withers and average girth within the breed’s standard. Among the horses assessed 32.15% had a height to the withers below the lower limit of the established breed standard, and 6.43% showed girth size below the standard.
    [Show full text]
  • Little Animals in Art, Culture, and Museums
    Reflections on Co-Teaching “Little Animals in Art, Culture, and Museums” Dave Aftandilian, Department of Anthropology (Human-Animal Relationships Minor), Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, [email protected], & Nick Bontrager, Department of Art (New Media), Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, [email protected] In this paper, we will share our experiences co-teaching a new class in Spring 2018 called “Into the Small: Little Animals in Art, Culture, and Museums.” We developed this class as part of TCU’s new interdisciplinary minor on “Human-Animal Relationships” (HARE); it also counted toward majors or minors in our home departments of Anthropology and Studio Art. First, we will explain our goals for the class, and why we wanted to teach it. For instance, we focused on little animals, including insects, because they are often lesser known, ignored, or slighted (compared to other animals). Moreover, by helping the students shift their scales of reference from micro to macro and back, we hoped to help spark curiosity and inquiry both among them and among viewers of their artworks and exhibits. We also wanted to expose students to how different ways of knowing animals affect what we learn about them and how we view them, including using different senses and artistic techniques, as well as exploring the points of views of diverse people and cultures. Second, we will discuss the topics we covered in the class and why we selected them, from acoustic ecology to animal personhood to museum studies; the types of assignments we used to guide the students in engaging with them, including sketch book entries, art projects, and written papers; and how we assessed their work.
    [Show full text]
  • Determinación De La Carga Al Dorso En Caballos De Rodeo Chileno Y
    Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria ISSN: 0301-732X [email protected] Universidad Austral de Chile Chile Muñoz, L; Ortiz, D; Ortiz, R; Cabezas, I; Briones, M Determinación de la carga al dorso en caballos de rodeo chileno y comparación con la capacidad máxima de carga al dorso estimada, de acuerdo a la fórmula de Beltrán (1954) Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria, vol. 44, núm. 3, 2012, pp. 285-289 Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia, Chile Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=173024970012 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Arch Med Vet 44, 285-289 (2012) COMUNICACIÓN Determinación de la carga al dorso en caballos de rodeo chileno y comparación con la capacidad máxima de carga al dorso estimada, de acuerdo a la fórmula de Beltrán (1954) Determination of the back load in horses used for Chilean rodeo and comparison with the estimated back load maximum capacity, in accordance with the Beltrán formula (1954) L Muñoza*, D Ortiza, R Ortiza, I Cabezasa, M Brionesb aDepartamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile. bDepartamento de Ciencias Pecuarias, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile. SUMMARY This study was aimed to determine the weight supported on the back of the Chilean horse during the Chilean rodeo and to determine if this weight represents an overload for the animal, according to the Beltrán formula (1954).
    [Show full text]
  • World-National-Sports.Pdf
    Follow Us On National Sports Different Countries play Different sports. Some sports are traditional sports played for generations. National Sports are chosen on the basis of Tradition or popularity. National Sports of Countries represent the culture and values of that country. Here, we have a list of National Sports of different countries for candidates preparing for various competitive exams. You can also try the quiz on “National Sports” here – Quiz Link Official National Sports Country Sport Argentina Pato Bahamas Cricket Bangladesh Kabaddi Brazil Capoeira Canada Lacrosse (summer), Ice hockey (winter) Chile Chilean Rodeo Colombia Tejo Iran Varzesh-e Bastani, Wrestling, Polo Mexico Charrería Nepal Volleyball Philippines Arnis Puerto Rico Paso Fino ("autochthonous sport") Sri Lanka Volleyball De facto National Sports Country Sport Afghanistan Buzkashi Anguilla Yacht racing Antigua and Barbuda Cricket www.recruitment.guru/General-Knowledge/|1 Follow Us On National Sports Barbados Cricket Bermuda Cricket Bhutan Archery Cuba Baseball Denmark Association football, Handball Dominican Republic Baseball England Cricket Estonia Basketball Finland Pesäpallo Georgia Rugby union Grenada Cricket Guyana Cricket or Water polo Haiti Association football Iceland Handball India Field hockey Indonesia Pencak Silat Israel Association football Ireland Gaelic games Jamaica Cricket Japan Sumo South Korea Taekwondo Latvia Basketball (summer), Ice hockey (winter), Lithuania Basketball Madagascar Rugby union Malaysia Sepak takraw Mauritius Association football
    [Show full text]
  • Structural Integration
    tructural ntegration S ® I THE JOURNAL OF THE ROLF INSTITUTE NOVEMBER 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS FROM THE EDITOR 2 STRUCTURAL INTEGRATION: THE JOURNAL OF COLUMNS ® THE ROLF INSTITUTE Rolf Movement® Faculty Perspectives: 3 November 2015 The Art of Yield – An Interview with Hiroyoshi Tahata Vol. 43, No. 3 ROLFING® SI AND ANIMALS PUBLISHER Reflections on Three Decades of Rolfing SI for Animals – 5 The Rolf Institute of and the Story of Mike the Moose Structural Integration Briah Anson 5055 Chaparral Ct., Ste. 103 Rolfing SI for Horse and Rider 9 Boulder, CO 80301 USA Lauren Harmon (303) 449-5903 Rolfing SI for the Performance Horse 13 (303) 449-5978 Fax Sue Rhynhart Equine Motor-Control Therapy Using Perceptual 17 EDITORIAL BOARD and Coordinative Techniques Shonnie Carson Robert Rex Diana Cary Dispatch from the Amazon 19 Colleen Chen Igor Simões Andrade and Heidi Massa Lynn Cohen Craig Ellis Sensory Awareness and Feline Play 22 Jazmine Fox-Stern Heather L. Corwin Szaja Gottlieb Beamer: The Chihuahua That Somehow Knew 25 Anne F. Hoff, Editor-in-Chief Liz Gaggini Amy Iadarola Kerry McKenna THE HUMAN ANIMAL Dorothy Miller The Human Animal 26 Linda Loggins Matt Walker Heidi Massa The Three-Dimensional Animal 28 Meg Maurer Michael Boblett Robert McWilliams Deanna Melnychuk Refining Dr. Rolf’s Lateral Line 31 John Schewe Richard F. Wheeler Max Leyf Treinen Polyvagal Theory for Rolfers™ 36 Lina Hack LAYOUT AND The Reptile and the Mammal Within 38 GRAPHIC DESIGN Barbara Drummond Susan Winter The Long Body: An Interview with Frank Forencich 39 Frank Forencich and Brooke Thomas Articles in Structural Integration: The Turning Our Lens Inward: Acknowledging the Animal Under Our Suit 42 ® Journal of The Rolf Institute represent the Norman Holler views and opinions of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official PERSPECTIVES positions or teachings of the Rolf Institute of Structural Integration.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Sports
    List of sports The following is a list of sports/games, divided by cat- egory. There are many more sports to be added. This system has a disadvantage because some sports may fit in more than one category. According to the World Sports Encyclopedia (2003) there are 8,000 indigenous sports and sporting games.[1] 1 Physical sports 1.1 Air sports Wingsuit flying • Parachuting • Banzai skydiving • BASE jumping • Skydiving Lima Lima aerobatics team performing over Louisville. • Skysurfing Main article: Air sports • Wingsuit flying • Paragliding • Aerobatics • Powered paragliding • Air racing • Paramotoring • Ballooning • Ultralight aviation • Cluster ballooning • Hopper ballooning 1.2 Archery Main article: Archery • Gliding • Marching band • Field archery • Hang gliding • Flight archery • Powered hang glider • Gungdo • Human powered aircraft • Indoor archery • Model aircraft • Kyūdō 1 2 1 PHYSICAL SPORTS • Sipa • Throwball • Volleyball • Beach volleyball • Water Volleyball • Paralympic volleyball • Wallyball • Tennis Members of the Gotemba Kyūdō Association demonstrate Kyūdō. 1.4 Basketball family • Popinjay • Target archery 1.3 Ball over net games An international match of Volleyball. Basketball player Dwight Howard making a slam dunk at 2008 • Ball badminton Summer Olympic Games • Biribol • Basketball • Goalroball • Beach basketball • Bossaball • Deaf basketball • Fistball • 3x3 • Footbag net • Streetball • • Football tennis Water basketball • Wheelchair basketball • Footvolley • Korfball • Hooverball • Netball • Peteca • Fastnet • Pickleball
    [Show full text]