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A study of Surat Al-Rahman: Explanation and analysis with quotes of interpreters Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Sadeddin, Marwan Fathi Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 09/10/2021 04:04:45 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289204 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author dki not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will Indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overiaps. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directiy to order. Bell & Howell Infonnati'on and Learning 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 800-521-0600 A STUDY OF SURAT AL-RAHMAN EXPLANATION AND ANALYSIS WITH QUOTES OF INTERPRETERS by Manvan Fathi Sadeddin Copyright © Marwan Fathi Sadeddin 2000 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF NEAR EASTERN STUDIES In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNTVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2000 UMI Number: 9992071 Copyright 2000 by Sadeddin, Marwan Fathi All rights reserved. ® UMI UMI Microform 9992071 Copyright 2001 by Bell & Howell Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Bell & Howell Information and Leaming Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of tiie Final Examination Committee, we certify we lave read Ac dissertation prepared by Marwan Faflri Sadeddin entitled A Study of Surat Al-Rabmap" "Ryplflnfltion and Analysis with Quotes of Intengetefs and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling fee dissertation requirement for lie Degree of Doctor of PhilosoDfav 1/ /X'S/Xeoa Adel date j ft/sSUooo William ^\^Js6n Date' Amy Newl Date 'Michael Boning Date Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate's submission of the final copy of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify tiiat I ha\'e read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. \\ /1 li/O'C-s'r. Dissertation Director Date 3 Statement by Author This dissertation bas been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the University library to be made available to borrowers under ru~es of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgement of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the copyright holder. ('\ ~i 11 SIGNED:Jd:o "~t~~;/C 4 Acknowledgments I would like to extend my deepest gratitude and heart-felt thanks to the University of Arizona in Tucson, particularly to the near eastern studies department and its faculty for all tiie help they extended to me on the scientific and non scientific fi-onts. Where I absorbed from their knowledge and experiences as much as I could. I especially would like to thank Dr. Adel Sulaiman Gamal, professor of Arabic Language in the Department of Near Eastern Studies; a sea in his knowledge and morals, whose help and giving exceeded the normal boundaries of teaching and scientific guidance, to reach the level of humane giving in its deeper meaning. I felt, like every student he had, that I was taking a lot of his time and effort, an in reality he has a lot of giving to all, where he used to carry the burden of the students concerns and their personal as well as educational troubles. I personally felt how much of attending to those problems was on the expense of his own time and effort, inside the university as well as out side it. To me he was the best guide, friend and older brother, may God reward him all good. I would also like to extend my gratitude and appreciation to Dr. William Wilson, professor of Arabic and Islamic History, and Dr. Ludwig Adamec, Professor of Islamic History. I would also like to extend my gratitude to all that I gained from in the areas of Knowledge and methodology through many semesters of studies as well as my long sessions of discussions wit them. They were examples in their objectivity and fairness towards history and the value of people and their cultures. Moreover would like to extend my appreciation to the Library of the University of Arizona, especially the Arabic section, without which I would have faced a serious problem in collecting the references needed. Also, I can never forget my professors in Egypt, from whom I acquired a lot of knowledge, methodology and commitment. Last, but not least, I would like to deeply thank my sincere friends who were very helpfiil in resolving technical problems pertaining to the software used for preparing this manuscript. 5 Dedication I dedicate this work to the Unknown Soldier behind seen, to my wife May, for it seemed that I was the last one to become aware of her sacrifices. Where she did all kinds of roles, as if every role was everything in her life. The role of wife, mother to our three children, housekeeper, helper in putting bread on the table, chauffeur, secretary and even the reader. She poured her heart and soul into each of these roles without looking for anything to herself. Her aim is to see me achieving my goals because she beheves that they are our goals. The faculty at the department used to joke with us when they saw us during the semesters, on a semi-daily basis, where she used to drive me between Phoenix and Tucson, a two-hour trip each way. They use to say that they will split the Ph.D. degree between us, and here I found myself dedicating to her the other half as well. 6 Table of Contents Index Page List of Tables 9 Abstract 10 Introduction 12 References, Work, and Methodology of the study 12 Preface 23 The characteristics of Surat Al-Rahman and its merit 23 Niunber of verses in Surat Al-Rahman 30 Makkian orMadinian 31 Causes of Revelation 33 Linguistic Characteristics of Surat Al-Rahman 35 Chapter One (Pre-Life Stage) 38 The wisdom of creation 38 The value of the conscious human being 38 The Association of Mercy and Speech (Intelligence) 40 Who is man in {He has created man}? 45 What does Intelligent Speech mean? 51 The Order of the Universe Results in the Concept of Justice 57 A - Order 57 B - Justice 80 Theory (Qur'anic examples are tangible) 81 Theory (Qur'an is a book of guidance and not a scientific text book)_ 83 Theory (Interpretations as to the conditions of the Hereafter are only accepted when supported by proofs from Qur'an and Hadith) 90 Chapter Two (Stage of Earthly Life) 92 God's Signs on Earth 92 Earth's preparation for Mankind 92 Preparation of Earth with food 100 Theory (Modem interpreters do not copy phrases as found) 101 7 Table of Contents - Continued The Pivotal Verse in the Sura 113 Confirming the repetition phenomenon 117 The Origin of Creating Man and Jinns 120 Divine Capabilities in Nature 128 A - Upper Phenomena 129 B - Phenomena on the surface 134 C - Phenomena from under the surface 145 D - Scientific phenomenon 150 The End of Mundane Stage 156 The creatures question to God and His continuous relation with them 169 Chapter Three (The Hereafter Stage) 178 First Stage (Scenes and Conditions of the Disobedient) 178 Introduction 178 The Beginning of Gathering and Judgment 181 First Scenes of Punishment 195 An Astounding Cosmic View 201 Settled Matters 209 Theory (Images of the hereafter are approximates and in accordance with Qur'an and Hadith) 214 Lead to their doom 215 Chapter Four (Life After Death) 227 Second Stage (Conditions of the Gardens and its People) 227 Introduction 227 Introduction into verses of the Gardens 228 "And besides these two there are two other gardens." 236 Main Blessings in the Gardens 240 Verses of bliss in the first two gardens 243 Verses describing the types of bliss in the other two Gardens 244 Comparison between the verses in two spots 245 First - Greenery and Shades 249 Second - Abundant sweet, palatable water 254 The particularity of water for Arabs 262 Third - Delicious Foods 269 8 Table of Contents - Continued Fourth - Couches
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