Proposed Southern Strait of Georgia NMCA Atlas

Home , Islands Trust, Regional district, Saanich Inlet, Strait of Georgia

REGIONAL CONTEXT 1

OVERVIEW are the zone without oxygen Where is it? Who controls (anoxic) in Saanich Inlet and what? How much is already the ancient glass sponge protected? Together the reefs near Mayne and maps in this chapter hint at Galiano Islands that have the richness of the area and been growing since the end illustrate the complexities of the last glacial period involved in establishing an (about 9,000 years ago). NMCA Reserve in an area surrounded by almost Almost as diverse as the 3 million people. land and water they oversee, are the multiple agencies EXAMPLES who manage the area. There With the seabed as are multiple roles, priorities contoured and diverse as the and jurisdictions held by land above, the core study several levels and types of area around the southern government. Gulf Islands and Saanich Inlet hides a trove of natural treasures and unique features. Just two examples

INTERESTING The Strait of Georgia is 220 km (135 miles) long, its narrowest spot is 25 km (15 miles) wide, and its deepest point is 463 m (1,519 ft) below the surface – INFO that’s equivalent to a 138-storey building!

The Strait of Georgia is sometimes incorrectly called the “Gulf of Georgia” as per Captain George Vancouver’s naming in 1792 – hence the name for the Gulf Islands.

The Strait of Georgia inspired the name of Vancouver’s alternative newspaper, The Georgia Straight that was first published in 1967.

1 • PROPOSED SOUTHERN STRAIT OF GEORGIA NATIONAL MARINE CONSERVATION AREA RESERVE ATLAS •

Supplemental Information

Article References • http://www.vancouverprofile.com/aboutvancouver/content.php/id/2229 • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_Islands • http://www.georgiastrait.org/?q=node/44

Map Metadata CORE STUDY AREA Parks Canada, March 1999. Core study area for the Proposed National Marine Conservation Area Reserve in the Southern Strait of Georgia.

MARINE BATHYMETRY Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Canadian Hydrographic Service: Canadian nautical chart data and multibeam bathymetry data. University of Washington, School of Oceanography, 2005: Washington State data.

LAND DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS • TerraLook image, source Landsat 7 satellite 1999 - 2001. Image overlaid on digital elevation model. False PHOTO CREDITS colour image formed from green, red and near infrared bands. Page 1 - Bill Austin; Page 2 - M. Hiebert • Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Forests and Range, Integrated Land Management Bureau, TANTALIS operational system: Sewer Lines.

• Province of British Columbia, Ministry of the Environment, Environmental Protection Division, Environmental Monitoring System: Sewage Outfalls.

LOCAL GOVERNMENT JURISDICTIONS • Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Forests and Range, Integrated Land Management Bureau: Regional districts, regional district electoral areas, municipalities, cities, and towns (old data set of unspecified provenance); Islands Trust management areas, TANTALIS operational system, 2006. • Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Lands Administrative Base, 2009: Indian Reserves. • Regional districts contain municipalities and Islands Trust management areas. The jurisdictions of municipalities and Islands Trust management areas do not overlap. While individual municipalities are entirely contained within a given regional district, the Islands Trust occupies portions of eight separate regional districts with some individual Islands Trust management areas straddling regional district boundaries.

CONSOLIDATED MARINE ZONING • Nanaimo Regional District: City of Nanaimo, 2008 • Cowichan Valley Regional District: Town of Ladysmith, Municipality of North Cowichan, 2008 • Capital Regional Distict: Municipality of North Saanich, Town of Sidney, Municipality of Central Saanich, Municipality of Saanich, Municipality of Highlands, Municipality of Langford, Municipality of Oak Bay, 2008 • Islands Trust, 2005 • In the southern Strait of Georgia three regional districts, ten member municipalities and eight individual trust areas all create their own zoning schemes. Islands Trust produced a map that represented their zones under 6 consolidated categories. Parks Canada extended this categorization scheme to the surrounding regional districts and municipalities. Where specialized marine zoning does not exist, the terrestrial zoning was extended over the water to the limit of the jurisdiction.

PROVINCIAL MARINE AND FORESHORE TENURES Province of British Columbia, April 2007. Tenures administered by the Province of British Columbia and are displayed based on purpose.

NON-TENURED COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES • National Road Network, Canada Level 1: Ferry Routes • Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Canadian Hydrographic Services, Pete Willis, 2005: Vessel Traffic Routes • Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Energy and Mines Offshore Oil and Gas website: Cruise Ship Routes • Transport Canada, Marine Branch, Navigable Waters Protection Division: Tow Boat Reserves • Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Canadian Hydrographic Services charts: Anchorages and Berthing Buoys

EXISTING PROTECTED AREAS • Natural Resources Canada, 2009: National Park Boundaries. • Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, 2005: Marine Bird Sanctuaries and National Wildlife Areas • Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Environment, BC Parks, 2009: Provincial Parks and Wildlife Management Areas • GIS Innovations, Road Atlas of BC, Places, Parks and Recreation, 2004: Regional and Local Parks and Ecological Reserves

2 Proposed Southern Strait of GeorgiaVancouver National Marine Conservation Area Reserve Core Study Area

Richmond

Gabriola

FALSE NARROWS Island

DODD NARROWS GABRIOLA PASSAGE METRO PYLADES CHANNEL VANCOUVER ¥

Tsawwassen Valdes Island

STRAIT OF GEORGIA

S S A P R E I Point Roberts L Thetis R

O Island P (U.S.A.) Ladysmith ! STUART CHANNEL

Kuper Island Canada - U.S.A. Border Galiano Island TRINCOMALI CHANNEL Chemainus !!!

Crofton ! E PA IV SS T

C C

A A

! P T

Ganges A Mayne

I S N

N P Island S Prevost A

U S

M S S A

Island W G

N PLUMPER SOUND A

A E N

R S Maple R Saltspring O O

! N W North Tumbo Island Bay S Island C H Pender A

N N Island E L Saturna Island ! Duncan Fulford Harbour ! South

COWICHAN BAY Russell Island Pender Island P

! R E

Cowichan Bay S T Moresby L P E A N S N A Portland S Island CH A BOUNDARY PASS TE G LLI E SATE Island

S A A N I C H I N L E T Rum Island Sidney! Mill Bay !

S ID N C E O Y C R H D A Sidney O N V N A E L Island C H A N N E L ! Brentwood D'Arcy Bay Island San Juan Island HARO STRAIT (U.S.A.)

VICTORIA

Core Study Area

Not for navigation. Data Source: Parks Canada, March 1999. Produced in the Western and Northern Service Centre, Parks Canada.

Core Study Area for the Proposed National Marine 0 5 10 15 Conservation Area Reserve in the Southern km Strait of Georgia. Projection: BC Environment Albers Horizontal Datum: NAD 83

JUAN DE FUCA STRAIT

3 Proposed Southern Strait of GeorgiaVancouver National Marine Conservation Area Reserve Marine Bathymetry

Richmond

Gabriola

FALSE NARROWS Island

DODD NARROWS GABRIOLA PASSAGE METRO PYLADES CHANNEL VANCOUVER ¥

Tsawwassen Valdes Island

STRAIT OF GEORGIA

S S A P R E I Point Roberts L Thetis R

O Island P (U.S.A.) Ladysmith ! STUART CHANNEL

Kuper Island Canada - U.S.A. Border Galiano Island TRINCOMALI CHANNEL Chemainus !!!

Crofton ! E PA IV SS T

C C

A A

! P T

Ganges A Mayne

I S N

N P Island S Prevost A

U S

M S S A

Island W G

N PLUMPER SOUND A

A E N

R S Maple R Saltspring O O

! N W North Tumbo Island Bay S Island C H Pender A

N N Island E L Saturna Island ! Duncan Fulford Harbour ! South

COWICHAN BAY Russell Island Pender Island P

! R E

Cowichan Bay S T Moresby L P E A N S N A Portland S Island CH A BOUNDARY PASS TE G LLI E SATE Island

S A A N I C H I N L E T Rum Island Sidney! Mill Bay !

S ID N C E O Y C R H D A Sidney O N V N A E L Island C H A N N E L ! Brentwood D'Arcy Bay Island San Juan Island HARO STRAIT (U.S.A.)

Shallow : 0 metres

VICTORIA

Deep : -463 metres

Data Sources: Chart and multibeam data from the Not for navigation. Canadian Hydrographic Service, Washington State data Produced in the Western and Northern Service Centre, Parks Canada. from the University of Washington, School of 0 5 10 15 Oceanography (2005). km Projection: BC Environment Albers Horizontal Datum: NAD 83

JUAN DE FUCA STRAIT

4 Proposed Southern Strait of GeorgiaVancouver National Marine Conservation Area Reserve Land Development Patterns E

! Richmond E Gabriola E

FALSE NAR Island E ROWS

DODD NARROWS GABRIOLA PASSAGE E METRO PYLADES CHANNEL VANCOUVER ¥

Tsawwassen Valdes Island

STRAIT OF GEORGIA E E

S S A P R E I Point Roberts L Thetis R

O Island P (U.S.A.) Ladysmith ! E STUART CHANNEL

Kuper Island Canada - U.S.A. Border Galiano Island E !!! TRINCOMALI CHANNEL Chemainus E E

E E Crofton ! E PA IV SS T

C C

A A

! P T

Ganges A Mayne

N S

P N Island A S E Prevost U S

M S

A S Island W G N PLUMPER SOUND E A

A N

R S

Maple R O O Saltspring

! N W North Tumbo Island Bay S Island C E H Pender A

E Island L Saturna Island ! Duncan Fulford EHarbour ! E E South

COWICHAN BAY Russell Island Pender Island

E P

! R E

E V

Cowichan Bay S T Moresby P L A E N S N Portland S Island HA A E C G BOUNDARY PASS LLIT E SATE Island E

S A A N I C H I N L E T Sidney Rum Island E ! Mill Bay ! E

S ID N C E O Y C R H D A Sidney O N V N A E L Island C H A N N E EL ! Brentwood Bay D'Arcy Island San Juan Island HARO STRAIT (U.S.A.)

Less Developed

Urban

Sewer Lines VICTORIA E Sewage Outfalls

Data Source: TerraLook image, source Landsat 7 E satellite images collected 1999 - 2001. E Not for navigation. Produced in the Western and Northern Service Centre, Parks Canada. Province of BC, Ministry of Forests and Range, 0 5 10 15 TANTALIS, 2008: sewer lines. Ministry of Environment, km Environmental Monitoring System 2008: sewage outfalls. Projection: BC Environment Albers Horizontal Datum: NAD 83 E E JUAN DE FUCA STRAIT

5 Proposed Southern Strait of Georgia National MarineVancouver Conservation Area ReserveBurnaby

Nanaimo C Local Government Jurisdictions New Westminster Gambier Trust Area

Gabriola Trust Area NANAIMO Richmond REGIONAL Greater Vancouver A DISTRICT Nanaimo B

Nanaimo GREATER VANCOUVER METRO REGIONAL VANCOUVER DISTRICT ¥ Nanaimo A Delta Cowichan Valley G

Thetis Trust Area Cowichan Valley H Nanaimo C

Ladysmith Galiano Trust Area

Cowichan Valley G

COWICHAN Mayne Trust Area VALLEY REGIONAL DISTRICT CAPITAL Capital G North Cowichan REGIONAL Saturna Trust Area DISTRICT Cowichan Capital F Valley F Duncan Saltspring Trust Area South Pender Trust Area Cowichan Valley E Cowichan Valley D North Pender Trust Area

Cowichan Valley C North Saanich

Cowichan Valley B Sidney

Capital H (Part 2) Cowichan Central Saanich Valley A

Islands Trust Areas Highlands REGIONAL DISTRICTS Saanich City Capital H (Part 1) View Royal Town Langford Indian Reserve Oak Esquimalt Victoria Bay District Municipality Colwood

Regional District Electoral Area

Sooke Not for navigation. Metchosin Produced in the Western and Northern Service Centre, Parks Canada.

Data Source: Natural Resources Canada, 2009: 0 5 10 15 Indian Reserves. Province of British Columbia, km Ministry of Forests and Range: remaining areas. Projection: BC Environment Albers Horizontal Datum: NAD 83

6 Proposed Southern Strait of GeorgiaVancouver National Marine Conservation Area Reserve Consolidated Marine Zoning

Richmond

Gabriola

FALSE NARROWS Island

DODD NARROWS GABRIOLA PASSAGE METRO PYLADES CHANNEL VANCOUVER ¥

Tsawwassen Valdes Island

STRAIT OF GEORGIA

S S A P R E I Point Roberts L Thetis R

O Island P (U.S.A.) Ladysmith ! STUART CHANNEL

Kuper Island Canada - U.S.A. Border Galiano Island TRINCOMALI CHANNEL Chemainus !!!

Crofton ! E PA IV SS T

C C

A A

! P T

Ganges A Mayne

I S N

N P Island S Prevost A

U S

M S S A

Island W G

N PLUMPER SOUND A

A E N

R S Maple R Saltspring O O

! N W North Tumbo Island Bay S Island C H Pender A

N N Island E L Saturna Island ! Duncan Fulford Harbour ! South

COWICHAN BAY Russell Island Pender Island P

! R E

Cowichan Bay S T Moresby L P E A N S N A Portland S Island CH A BOUNDARY PASS TE G LLI E SATE Island

S A A N I C H I N L E T Rum Island Sidney! Mill Bay !

S ID N C E O Y C R H D A Sidney O N V N A E L Island C H A N N E L ! Brentwood D'Arcy Bay Island San Juan Island HARO STRAIT (U.S.A.)

Conservation Undeveloped - no structure permitted, except by resolution

Aquaculture, mariculture, harvesting

General: private residential, dock permitted VICTORIA Development (marinas, yacht clubs, ferry docks, boat ramps, log sorting) Terrestrial zoning extending out to limit of marine jurisdiction

Not for navigation. Produced in the Western and Northern Service Centre, Parks Canada. Data Source: Towns and Municipalities from 0 5 10 15 Nanaimo Regional District, Cowichan Valley km Regional District, Capital Regional District, 2008. Projection: BC Environment Albers Islands Trust, 2005. Horizontal Datum: NAD 83

JUAN DE FUCA STRAIT

7 Proposed Southern Strait of GeorgiaVancouver National Marine Conservation Area Reserve Provincial Marine and Foreshore Tenures

Richmond

Gabriola

FALSE NARROWS Island

DODD NARROWS GABRIOLA PASSAGE METRO PYLADES CHANNEL VANCOUVER ¥

Tsawwassen Valdes Island

STRAIT OF GEORGIA

S S A P R E I Point Roberts Thetis L R

O Island P (U.S.A.) Ladysmith ! STUART CHANNEL

Kuper Island Canada - U.S.A. Border Galiano Island TRINCOMALI CHANNEL Chemainus !!!

Crofton ! E PA IV SS T

C C

A A

! P Ganges T A Mayne

S N

A N P Island

S Prevost A

U S

M S S A

Island W G

N PLUMPER SOUND A

A E N

R S Maple R Saltspring O O

! N W North Tumbo Island Bay S Island C H Pender A

N N Island E Saturna L Island ! Duncan Fulford Harbour ! South

COWICHAN BAY Russell Island Pender Island P

! R E

Cowichan Bay S T Moresby L P E A N S N A Portland S Island CH A BOUNDARY PASS TE G LLI E SATE Island

S A A N CI H I N L E T Rum Island Sidney! Mill Bay !

S ID N C E O Y C R H D A Sidney O N V N A E L Island C H A N N E L ! Aquaculture Brentwood D'Arcy Bay Commercial Island San Juan Island Community HARO STRAIT (U.S.A.)

Environment, Conservation, and Recreation

Industrial

Institutional

Miscellaneous

Residential VICTORIA

Transportation

Utility

Not for navigation. Produced in the Western and Northern Service Centre, Parks Canada.

Data Source: Province of British Columbia, 2007. 0 5 10 15 Tenures administered by the Province of BC, km colour coded based on purpose. Projection: BC Environment Albers Horizontal Datum: NAD 83

JUAN DE FUCA STRAIT DÉTROIT DE JUAN DE FUCA

8 Proposed Southern Strait of GeorgiaVancouver National Marine Conservation Area Reserve Non-Tenured Commercial Activities

! Richmond Nanaimo Gabriola

FALSE NARROWS Island

DODD NARROWS GABRIOLA PASSAGE METRO PYLADES CHANNEL VANCOUVER ¥

Tsawwassen Valdes Island

STRAIT OF GEORGIA

S S A P R E I Point Roberts L Thetis R O Island P (U.S.A.) Ladysmith ! STUART CHANNEL

Kuper Island Canada - U.S.A. Border Galiano Island TRINCOMALI CHANNEL Chemainus !!!

Crofton E PA ! IV SS T

C C

A A

! P T

Ganges A Mayne

I S N

N P Island S Prevost A

U S

M S S

Island W

N PLUMPER SOUND A

A E N

R S Maple R

Saltspring O O

! W N North Tumbo Island

Bay S Island C H Pender A

N N Island E L Saturna Fulford Island ! Duncan Harbour ! South

COWICHAN BAY Russell Island Pender Island

R ! E

Cowichan Bay S T Moresby

L P E A N S N Island HA Portland S C A BOUNDARY PASS TE G LLI E SATE Island

S A A N I C H I N L E T Rum Island Sidney! Mill Bay !

S ID N C E O Y C R H D A Sidney O N V N A E L Island C H A N N E L

! Brentwood D'Arcy Bay Island San Juan Island HARO STRAIT (U.S.A.) Anchorage and Berthing Bouys

Cruise Ship Routes

Ferry Routes

Vessel Traffic Lanes

Tow Boat Reserves VICTORIA

Data Source: Parks Canada, 2008. Information compiled from National Road Network, Ferry Routes; Canadian Hydrographic Service,

Vessel Traffic Routes; British Columbia Ministry of Not for navigation. Energy and Mines, Cruise Ship Routes;Transport Produced in the Western and Northern Service Centre, Parks Canada.

Canada, Tow Boat Reserves; and Canadian 0 5 10 15 Hydrographic Service Charts, Anchorages km and Berthing Buoys. Projection: BC Environment Albers Horizontal Datum: NAD 83

JUAN DE FUCA STRAIT

9 Proposed Southern Strait of GeorgiaVancouver National Marine Conservation Area Reserve Existing Protected Areas

Richmond

Gabriola

FALSE NARROWS Island

DODD NARROWS GABRIOLA PASSAGE METRO PYLADES CHANNEL VANCOUVER ¥

Tsawwassen Valdes Island

STRAIT OF GEORGIA

S S A P R E I Point Roberts L Thetis R

O Island P (U.S.A.) Ladysmith ! STUART CHANNEL

Kuper Island Canada - U.S.A. Border Galiano Island TRINCOMALI CHANNEL Chemainus !!!

Crofton ! E PA IV SS T

C C

A A

! P T

Ganges A Mayne

I S N

N P Island S Prevost A

U S

M S S A

Island W G

N PLUMPER SOUND A

A E N

R S Maple R Saltspring O O

! N W North Tumbo Island Bay S Island C H Pender A

N N Island E L Saturna Island ! Duncan Fulford Harbour ! South

COWICHAN BAY Russell Island Pender Island P

! R E

Cowichan Bay S T Moresby L P E A N S N A Portland S Island CH A BOUNDARY PASS TE G LLI E SATE Island

S A A N I C H I N L E T Rum Island Sidney! Mill Bay !

S ID N C E O Y C R H D A Sidney O N V N A E L Island C H A N N E L ! Brentwood National Park D'Arcy Bay Island San Juan Provincial Park Island HARO STRAIT (U.S.A.) Regional Park

Local Park

Ecological Reserve

Wildlife Management Area

National Wildlife Area

Marine Bird Sanctuary VICTORIA

Data Sources: Natural Resources Canada, 2009: national parks; Canadian Wildlife Service, 2005: National Wildlife Areas, Marine Bird Sanctuaries; Government of British Columbia, Ministry of Forests and Range, 2009: Not for navigation. provincial parks, ecological reserves, wildlife management Produced in the Western and Northern Service Centre, Parks Canada. areas; and GIS Innovations, Road Atlas of BC, Places 0 5 10 15 Parks and Recreation, 2004: regional and local parks, km protected areas. Projection: BC Environment Albers Horizontal Datum: NAD 83

JUAN DE FUCA STRAIT