Final Report 3 May05
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GUYANA COUNTRY ENVIRONMENTAL PROFILE Project Number: ACP GUA 005 Final Report May 2005 Guyana - Country Environment Profile Final Report Notice This document has been produced by ATKINS for the European Commission Delegation solely for the pu rpose of the Guyana – Country Environmental Profile project. It may not be used by any person - for any other purpose other than that specified without the express written permission of ATKINS. Any liability arising out of use by a third party of this document for purposes not wholly connected with the above shall be the responsibility of that party who shall indemnify ATKINS against all claims costs damages and losses arising out of such use. This report is financed by the European Commission and is presented by Atkins Consultants Ltd for the European Commission. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission . Document History JOB NUMBER: 5034797 DOCUMENT REF: 5034797/60/002 Purpose and Revision Originated Checked Reviewed Authorised Date Description Preliminary Draft 001 JMcC JMcC RP 16 March 2005 Final Report 002 Draft Final Report JMcC JMcC RP PS 23 March 2005 003 Final Report JMcC JMcC RP PS 4 May 2005 5034797/60/003 ii Final Report Guyana - Country Environment Profile Final Report CONTENTS Executive Summary...............................................................................................................vii 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................1 1.1 Purpose................................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Objectives............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Methodology......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.4 Structure of Report............................................................................................................................... 2 2 State of the Environment .................................................................................................4 2.1 Current Status ...................................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Pressures, Opportunities and Trends................................................................................................... 4 2.3 Regulatory Context (national and international) ................................................................................... 5 2.4 Environmental Performance ................................................................................................................. 6 2.5 Physical Environment ........................................................................................................................... 7 2.6 Atmospheric Environment .................................................................................................................... 8 2.7 Biological Environment......................................................................................................................... 9 2.8 Socio-Economic Environment............................................................................................................. 11 3 Environmental Indicators and Quality Standards .......................................................16 3.1 Overview of environmental indicators and environmental quality standards ...................................... 16 3.2 Links with Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP)........................................................................ 19 3.3 Links with National Development Strategy ......................................................................................... 21 4 Environmental Policy and Legislation..........................................................................28 4.1 National Legislation and Policies........................................................................................................ 28 4.2 Environmental Strategies and Action Plans........................................................................................ 33 4.3 Provision for Public Participation in Policy Decision Making............................................................... 38 4.4 Enforcement of Environmental Policies and Legislation ..................................................................... 38 5 Environmental Institutional Framework .......................................................................40 5.1 Institutional Structure Roles and Responsibilities............................................................................... 40 5.2 Sectoral Institutional Frameworks....................................................................................................... 42 5.3 Key Stakeholders, Capacity and Financial Resources within each Sector ......................................... 46 6 Integration of Environmental Concerns into the Main Economic Sectors ...............52 6.1 Identification of Environmental Issues/Concerns ................................................................................ 52 6.2 Description of each Major Issue and its Prioritisation ......................................................................... 53 7 EC Co-operation ..............................................................................................................62 7.1 Review and Evaluation / Impact of Previous Interventions ................................................................. 62 7.2 Risk Evaluation................................................................................................................................... 65 8 Co-operation Funded by Other Donors ........................................................................68 8.1 Interventions of Other Donors (recent/planned programmes) ............................................................ 68 8.2 Evaluation of Anticipated Impact ........................................................................................................ 71 9 Conclusions and Recommendations............................................................................73 9.1 Assessment of environmental factors and their link to poverty reduction ........................................... 73 9.2 Policy and institutional constraints and challenges ............................................................................. 74 9.3 Assessment of past and future trends ................................................................................................ 75 9.4 Assessment of environmental indicators ............................................................................................ 77 9.5 Overview of international cooperation ................................................................................................ 77 9.6 Recommendations and Guidelines for mainstreaming environmental concerns ................................ 77 9.7 Indication of the challenges and constraints to implementation of the CEP ....................................... 82 Appendix A Terms of Reference for Country Environmental Profile Appendix B Workshop Findings Appendix C Stakeholders Consulted Appendix D Issues Analysis Appendix E Selected Sources of Environmental Information 5034797/60/003 iii Final Report Guyana - Country Environment Profile Final Report GLOSSARY OF TERMS ACP African, Caribbean, Pacific AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome BPOA Barbados Programme of Action CCA Caribbean Conservation Association CDB Caribbean Development Bank CDC Civil Defence Commission CDERA Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response Agency CDM Comprehensive Disaster Management CaEP Caribbean Environment Programme CEP Country Environmental Profile CFTC Commonwealth Fund for Technical Co-operation CIG Conservation International- Guyana CIDA Canadian International Development Agency CITES Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species CPACC Caribbean Planning for Adaptation to Climate Change CSP Country Strategy Paper D & I Drainage and Irrigation DCU Difficult Circumstances Unit DFID Department for International Development - UK EAB Environmental Assessment Board EEZ Ecological Economic Zoning EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EPA Environmental Protection Agency EC European Commission FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation FDI Foreign Direct Investment FFI Fauna and Flora International FPA Forest Partnership Agreements GEF Global Environment Facility GENCAPD Guyana Environmental Capacity Development GEA Guyana Energy Agency GFC Guyana Forestry Commission GGMC Guyana Geology and Mines Commission GMTCS Guyana Marine Turtle Conservation Society GNIFC Guyana National Initiative on Forest Certification GoG Government of Guyana GPAS Guyana Protected Areas System GS & WC Guyana Sewerage and Water Commission GTA Guyana Tourism Authority GUYWA Guyana Water Authority GWI Guyana Water Incorporated ICZM Integrated Coastal Zone Management IDB Inter-American Development Bank IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature LAN-NPPAW Latin American Network for Technical Co-operation in National Parks, Protected Areas and Wildlife MDGs Millennium Development Goals MTIC Ministry of Tourism, Industry and Commerce MOU Memorandum of Understanding NAO National Administration Office NARI National Agriculture