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Digenetic Trematodes of Marine Fishes of Puerto Rico

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Digenetic Trematodes of Marine Fishes of Puerto Rico University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln H. W. Manter Laboratory Library Materials 7-15-1960 Digenetic Trematodes of Marine Fishes of Puerto Rico Ather H. Siddiqi Aligarh Muslim University Raymond M. Cable Purdue University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/manterlibrary Part of the Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons, Marine Biology Commons, and the Parasitology Commons Siddiqi, Ather H. and Cable, Raymond M., "Digenetic Trematodes of Marine Fishes of Puerto Rico" (1960). H. W. Manter Laboratory Library Materials. 26. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/manterlibrary/26 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in H. W. Manter Laboratory Library Materials by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES SCIENTIFIC SURVEY OF PORTO RICO and the VIRGIN ISLANDS VOLUME XVII—Part 3 DIGENETIC TREMATODES OF MARINE FISHES OF PUERTO RICO Ather H. Siddiqi and Raymond M. Cable NEW YORK PUBLISHED BY THE ACADEMY July 15, 1960 Science Libra* 33/ ,T1 557 Editor in Chief Otto v. St. Whitelock Managing Editor Associate Editor Franklin N. Furness Peter A. Sturgeon SCIENTIFIC SURVEY OF PORTO RICO AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS This natural-history survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands, conducted by The New York Academy of Sciences, was established in 1913 and carried out with the cooperation of the Porto Rican government. The results of this survey have appeared from time to time as investigations by specialists have been completed. Copyright, I960, by The New York Academy of Sciences CONTENTS PAGE PAGE Preface 259 Pseudohurleytrema eucinostomi . .. 284 Introduction 261 Postmonorchis orthopristis 284 Methods 262 Family Fellodistomatidae Key to Species 263 Tergestia laiicollis 284 Description and Discussion or Tergestia pectinata 284 Species 267 A ntorchis holacanthi n. sp 285 Family Aspidogastrtdae 267 Antorchis urna 285 Cotylogaster basiri n. sp 267 Megalomyzon robustum 286 Family Bucephalidae I n/undibulostomum spinatum n. Rhipidocotyle nagatyi 268 g., n. sp 286 A tcicornis carangis 268 Proctoeces neomagnorus n. sp 287 Prosorhynchus attenuatus n. sp.. 268 Proctoeces lintoni n. sp 287 Prosorhynchus atlanticus 269 Family Acanthocolpidae Prosorhynchus stunkardi n. sp. ... 269 Stephanostomum coryphaenae 288 Bucephalopsis arcuatus 270 Stephanostomum dentatum 288 Family Pronocephalldae Stephanostomum casum 288 Glyphicephalus candidulus n. Stephanostomum sentum 289 comb 270 Manteria brachydera 289 Glyphicephalus mcintoshi n. sp. 270 Family Haploporidae Barisomum erubescens 271 Allomegasolena spinosa n. g., n. Pseudobarisomum holacanthi n. g., sp 290 n. sp 271 Allomegasolena attenuata n. g., n. Family Microscaphlidae sp 290 Hexangitrema breviceca n. sp 272 Hapladena acanthuri n. sp 291 Hexangitrema pricei n. sp 272 N eomegasolena chaetodipteri n. g., Hexangitrema pomacanthi 273 n. sp 292 Family Paramphistomatidae Family Megaperldae Cleptodiscus reticulatus 273 Megapera gyrina 293 Family Haplosplanchnidae Megapera pseudura 293 Scliikhobalotrema manteri n. sp. 274 Thysanopharynx elongatus 293 Schikhobalotrema acuta 274 Family Oplstholebetldae Schikhobalotrema pomacentri 275 Opistholebes diodontis 294 Schikhobalotrema obtusa 275 Pachycreadium gastrocotylum 294 Schikhobalotrema adbrachyura n. Pachycreadium crassigulum 294 sp 275 Family Opecoelidae Family Zoogonidae Pinguitrema lobata n. g., n. sp. 295 Neozoogonus longicecus n. sp 276 Hamacreadium lintoni n. sp 295 Neozoogonus malacanthi n. sp 276 Hamacreadium longisaccum n. sp. 296 Steganoderma atherinae 277 Hamacreadium mutabile 297 Diplangus anoplosus n. sp 277 Pseudoplagioporus brrcrcitellus n. Family Blvesiculldae sp. 297 Bivesicula lttpsetiae 278 H elicometrina nimia 298 Family Microphallldae Il elicometrina trachinoti n. sp 298 Alegalo phallus diodontis n. sp 278 H elicometrina mirzai n. sp 299 Carneophallus lactophrysi n. sp.. .. 279 H elicometra equilata n. comb 299 Family Cryptogonlmidae Helicometra torta 299 Siphodera vinaledwarsii 280 Neohelicometra scorpaenae n. g., Paracrvptogonimus neoamericanus n. sp 300 n. 280 Opecoeloides vitellosus 301 sp _ Paracrvptogonimus centropomi n. Opecoeloides elongatus 301 sp 281 Opecoeloides sp 301 M etadena adglobosa 282 Opecoeloides brachyteteus 302 Family Gorgoderldae Opecoeloides sp 302 Xystretrum solidum 282 Pseudopecoeloides equesi 302 Family Monorchiidae Pseudopecoelus barkeri 303 Genolopa longicaudata n. sp 283 Pseudopecoelus tortugae 303 Genolopa ampullacea 283 Horatrema crassum 303 11urleytrematoides chaetodoni 283 Coitocecum sp 303 257 258 SCIENTIFIC SURVEY OF PORTO RICO Family Lepocreadiidae PaGE Homalometron elongatum 303 Family Hemiuridae Homalometron foliatum n. sp 303 Bilecithaster ovalis n. g., n. sp. 311 Neoapocreadium n. g 304 Hysterolecitha rosea 312 Neoapocreadium angustum n. Leurodera decora 312 comb 305 Dichadena acuta 312 Neoapocreadium coili n. comb. ... 305 Theletrum fustiforme 313 Postporus epinepheli 305 Neogenolinea opisthonemae n. g., n. A pocreadium batistes 305 sp 313 Macradena acanthuri n. A pocreadium mexicanum 306 sp 313 Aponurus elongatus n. sp 314 M ultitestis blennii 306 Aponurus symmetrorchis n. sp. .. 315 Multi testis inconstans 306 Parectenurus chloroscombri n. sp.. 315 Lepocreadium trulla 306 Parahemiurus merus 316 Lepocreadium sp 306 Sterrhurus fusiformis 316 Neolepidapedon trachinoti n. sp. 306 Sterrhurus floridensis 316 Neolepidapedon epinepheli n. sp. .. 307 Sterrhurus monticellii 316 Neolepidapedon equilatum n. sp. .. 308 Sterrhurus microcercus 317 Neolepidapedon mycteropercae n. Lecithochirium parvum 317 sp 309 Dinurus breviductus 317 Lepidapedon holocentri n. sp 309 Dinurus barbatus 317 M yzoxenus lachnolaimi 310 Dinurus lornatus 317 Dermadena lactophrysi 310 Tubulovesicula lindbergi 317 Family Pseudocreadium sp 310 Hirudinellidae Hirudinella ventricosa 318 Opechona sp 310 Discussion 318 Diplo proctodaeum sp 311 Host-Parasite List 323 Family Accacoelidae References 326 Tetrochetus aluterae 311 Plates 328 PREFACE This monograph reports the major part of an investigation begun by one of us (R.M.C.) in 1951, when he spent one year at the College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagiiez, Puerto Rico, collecting and studying larval trematodes and the helminth parasites of shore birds and marine fishes. The work there was done under the auspices set forth in the Preface to Part 4, Volume 16, of this series; this part was facilitated especially by Virgilio Biaggi, N. T. Mattox, and Donald Erdman, who rendered invaluable assistance in the collection and identification of fishes. One trip to Mona Island was cut short when a shark attacked and seriously injured Juan Suarez, who took leave of his duties as Librarian of the College so that we could benefit from his skill as a spear-fisherman. Living material was studied to the extent that time permitted, but this report is based largely on fixed and preserved specimens that were brought back to Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind. There, the first author (A.H.S.) submitted an analysis of over one half of the collection as a thesis for the Ph.D. degree in January, 1959. During 1957 and 1958, he was a David E. Ross Fellow of the Purdue Research Foundation, and completion of the in vestigation has been supported by Grant No. G-6125 from the National Science Foundation, Washington, D. C. Leave of absence from his position on the staff of Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India, enabled him to participate in this study, and for that opportunity and encouragement in his work he is indebted to M. B. Mirza, Head of the Department of Zoology and to M. A. Basir of that department. Purdue University, 1960. Ather H. Siddiqi Raymond M. Cable 259 DIGENETIC TREMATODES OF MARINE FISHES OF PUERTO RICO Ather H. Siddiqi and Raymond M. Cable INTRODUCTION The digenetic trematodes of marine fishes constitute a large group of para sites that have been studied intensively in only a few regions. The present investigation extends knowledge of that group to the Caribbean Sea, in par ticular, to the waters adjacent to Puerto Rico and Mona Island, where the trematodes previously have received no attention. During 1951 and 1952 more than 125 species were obtained from about 800 fishes representing more than 140 species in that region. Not included in this report are a few trema todes for which material was unsatisfactory because of immaturity or poor condition. Although this study is one of the more comprehensive of its type, it is certain that many species of digenetic trematodes remain to be found in the fishes of the Caribbean region. A study of this kind has significance beyond mere knowledge of the para sites themselves. As Manter (1940a, 1947, 1955) has stressed, the distribution and host-parasite relationships of the digenetic trematodes have a significant bearing on geology, oceanography and isolation in time and space as a factor in evolution. Manter found, for example, that greater similarity existed be tween the digenetic trematodes of fishes in the Gulf of Mexico and in the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean than between either of those waters and at Beaufort, N. C., and farther north in the western Atlantic. That observation supports the view that the Gulf of Mexico was at one time confluent with the Pacific Ocean and separated from the Atlantic by a land barrier now rep resented by the Antilles chain of islands. The present study
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