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Download the PDF Article palevolcomptes rendus 2020 19 5 DIRECTEURS DE LA PUBLICATION / PUBLICATION DIRECTORS : Bruno David, Président du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle Étienne Ghys, Secrétaire perpétuel de l’Académie des sciences RÉDACTEURS EN CHEF / EDITORS-IN-CHIEF : Michel Laurin (CNRS), Philippe Taquet (Académie des sciences) ASSISTANTE DE RÉDACTION / ASSISTANT EDITOR : Adenise Lopes (Académie des sciences; [email protected]) MISE EN PAGE / PAGE LAYOUT : Martin Wable, Emmanuel Côtez (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle) RÉDACTEURS ASSOCIÉS / ASSOCIATE EDITORS (*, took charge of the editorial process of the article/a pris en charge le suivi éditorial de l’article) : Micropaléontologie/Micropalaeontology Maria Rose Petrizzo (Università di Milano, Milano) Paléobotanique/Palaeobotany Cyrille Prestianni (Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels) Métazoaires/Metazoa Annalisa Ferretti (Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena) Paléoichthyologie/Palaeoichthyology Philippe Janvier (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Académie des sciences, Paris) Amniotes du Mésozoïque/Mesozoic amniotes Hans-Dieter Sues (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington) Tortues/Turtles Juliana Sterli (CONICET, Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio, Trelew) Lépidosauromorphes/Lepidosauromorphs Hussam Zaher (Universidade de São Paulo) Oiseaux/Birds Éric Buffetaut (CNRS, École Normale Supérieure, Paris) Paléomammalogie (petits mammifères)/Palaeomammalogy (small mammals) Robert Asher (Cambridge University, Cambridge) Paléomammalogie (mammifères de moyenne et grande taille)/Palaeomammalogy (large and mid-sized mammals) Lorenzo Rook* (Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze) Paléoanthropologie/Palaeoanthropology Roberto Macchiarelli (Université de Poitiers, Poitiers) Archéologie préhistorique/Prehistoric archaeology Marcel Otte (Université de Liège, Liège) COUVERTURE / COVER : Composition à partir d’illustrations de l’article / Made from the Figures of the article. Comptes Rendus Palevol est indexé dans / Comptes Rendus Palevol is indexed by: – Cambridge Scientifi c Abstracts – Current Contents® Physical – Chemical, and Earth Sciences® – ISI Alerting Services® – Geoabstracts, Geobase, Georef, Inspec, Pascal – Science Citation Index®, Science Citation Index Expanded® – Scopus®. Les articles ainsi que les nouveautés nomenclaturales publiés dans Comptes Rendus Palevol sont référencés par : Articles and nomenclatural novelties published in Comptes Rendus Palevol are registered on: – ZooBank® (http://zoobank.org) Comptes Rendus Palevol est une revue en fl ux continu publiée par les Publications scientifi ques du Muséum, Paris et l’Académie des sciences, Paris Comptes Rendus Palevol is a fast track journal published by the Museum Science Press, Paris and the Académie des sciences, Paris Les Publications scientifi ques du Muséum publient aussi / The Museum Science Press also publish: Adansonia, Geodiversitas, Zoosystema, Anthropozoologica, European Journal of Taxonomy, Naturae, Cryptogamie sous-sections Algologie, Bryologie, Mycologie. L’Académie des sciences publie aussi / The Académie des sciences also publishes: Comptes Rendus Mathématique, Comptes Rendus Physique, Comptes Rendus Mécanique, Comptes Rendus Chimie, Comptes Rendus Géoscience, Comptes Rendus Biologies. Diffusion – Publications scientifi ques Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle CP 41 – 57 rue Cuvier F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Tél. : 33 (0)1 40 79 48 05 / Fax : 33 (0)1 40 79 38 40 [email protected] / http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr Académie des sciences, Institut de France, 23 quai de Conti, 75006 Paris. © Publications scientifi ques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle / © Académie des sciences, Paris, 2020 ISSN (imprimé / print) : 1631-0683/ ISSN (électronique / electronic) : 1777-571X A new physeteroid from the late Miocene of Peru expands the diversity of extinct dwarf and pygmy sperm whales (Cetacea: Odontoceti: Kogiidae) Alberto COLLARETA Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pisa, via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa (Italy) [email protected] (corresponding author) Olivier LAMBERT Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, D.O. Terre et Histoire de la Vie, rue Vautier 29, 1000 Brussels (Belgium) Christian de MUIZON Centre de Recherches sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements, CR2P (CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, Sorbonne Université), Département Origines et Évolution, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, case postale 38, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Aldo Marcelo BENITES PALOMINO Departamento de Paleontologia de Vertebrados, Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, avenida Arenales 1256, Lima 14 (Peru) and Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Karl-Schmid-Strasse 4, CH-8006 Zürich (Switzerland) and Center for Tropical Paleoecology and Archeology, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón, 0843-03092, Panama (Panama) Mario URBINA Departamento de Paleontologia de Vertebrados, Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, avenida Arenales 1256, Lima 14 (Peru) Giovanni BIANUCCI Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pisa, via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa (Italy) Submitted on 29 August 2019 | accepted on 28 November 2019 | published on 5 October 2020 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DB4BC4A0-E559-49AD-9452-55F1688D99DA Collareta A., Lambert O., Muizon C. de, Benites Palomino A. M., Urbina M. & Bianucci G. 2020. — A new physeteroid from the late Miocene of Peru expands the diversity of extinct dwarf and pygmy sperm whales (Cetacea: Odontoceti: Kogiidae). Comptes Rendus Palevol 19 (5): 79-100. https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2020v19a5 ABSTRACT Nowadays, the odontocete family Kogiidae is monotypic and only includes two species of diminutive relatives of the great sperm whale Physeter Linnaeus, 1758. Conversely, a growing body of extinct species indicates that kogiids were diverse and disparate during the late Neogene. Th e fossil record of Kogiidae is, to date, represented by several cranial specimens from Mio-Pliocene localities of the KEY WORDS Scaphokogiinae, Northern Hemisphere, with the signifi cant Southern Hemisphere exception of the Pisco Formation Pisco Formation, of Peru, from which two genera were known so far, including Scaphokogia Muizon, 1988, a highly East Pisco Basin, idiosyncratic form characterised by a distinctly spoon-shaped dorsal surface of the neurocranium and Messinian, new genus, a downturned semicylindrical rostrum, which is even placed in its own subfamily Scaphokogiinae. new species. Here, we report on two skulls of Kogiidae from the Messinian (upper Miocene) portion of the Pisco COMPTES RENDUS PALEVOL • 2020 • 19 (5) © Publications scientifi ques du Muséum et/and Académie des sciences, Paris. www.cr-palevol.fr 79 Collareta et al. Formation exposed in the East Pisco Basin. Th ese two skulls are referred to the new taxon Platyscaphoko- gia landinii n. gen., n. sp., which our phylogenetic analysis recovers as sister group of Scaphokogia, within the subfamily Scaphokogiinae. Although Platyscaphokogia n. gen. shares with Scaphokogia a remarkably spoon-like dorsal aspect of the neurocranium, it retains a non-pachyostotic, dorsoventrally thin rostrum that distinctly points anteriorly; as such, Platyscaphokogia n. gen. might be regarded as testifying an early stage in the evolution of the scaphokogiine cranial anatomy. Morphofunctional and palaeoecological considerations allow for hypothesising that Platyscaphokogia n. gen. was a rap- torial physeteroid that foraged along the water column in relatively open-sea palaeoenvironments. In conclusion, our fi nds expand the palaeodiversity of Kogiidae, as well as our knowledge on the late Miocene sperm whales of the southeastern Pacifi c, and further suggest that the fossil content of the East Pisco Basin is crucial for reconstructing the Neogene evolutionary history of physeteroids. RÉSUMÉ Un nouveau physétéroïdé du Miocène supérieur du Pérou augmente la diversité des cachalots nains et pygmées (Cetacea: Odontoceti: Kogiidae) éteints. La famille d’odontocètes Kogiidae est de nos jours monotypique et ne comprend que deux espèces, parents de petite taille du grand cachalot Physeter Linnaeus, 1758. Inversement, un nombre croissant d’espèces éteintes décrites indique que les kogiidés montraient une diversité et une disparité élevées pendant le Néogène tardif. Le registre fossile des Kogiidae est à ce jour représenté par plusieurs spéci- mens crâniens de localités mio-pliocènes de l’hémisphère nord, à l’exception australe de la Formation Pisco, au Pérou, de laquelle deux genres étaient connus à ce jour, incluant Scaphokogia Muizon, 1988, une forme hautement idiosyncratique caractérisée par une surface dorsale du neurocrâne distinctement en forme de cuillère et un rostre en semi-cylindre renversé, qui est placé dans sa propre sous-famille Scaphokogiinae. Nous rapportons ici deux crânes de Kogiidae de la portion messinienne (Miocène supérieur) de la Formation Pisco exposée dans la partie orientale du Bassin Pisco. Ces deux crânes sont référés au nouveau taxon Platyscaphokogia landinii n. gen., n. sp., que notre analyse phylogéné- tique place comme groupe-frère de Scaphokogia au sein de la sous-famille Scaphokogiinae. Bien que Platyscaphokogia n. gen. partage avec Scaphokogia un aspect dorsal du neurocrâne remarquablement en forme de cuillère, ce nouveau genre conserve un rostre non-pachyostotique, dorso-ventralement aplati, et pointu; Platyscaphokogia n. gen. pourrait donc être considéré
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