Supplementary Data to a Total-Group Phylogenetic Metatree for Cetacea and the Importance of Fossil Data in Diversification Analyses
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JVP 26(3) September 2006—ABSTRACTS
Neoceti Symposium, Saturday 8:45 acid-prepared osteolepiforms Medoevia and Gogonasus has offered strong support for BODY SIZE AND CRYPTIC TROPHIC SEPARATION OF GENERALIZED Jarvik’s interpretation, but Eusthenopteron itself has not been reexamined in detail. PIERCE-FEEDING CETACEANS: THE ROLE OF FEEDING DIVERSITY DUR- Uncertainty has persisted about the relationship between the large endoskeletal “fenestra ING THE RISE OF THE NEOCETI endochoanalis” and the apparently much smaller choana, and about the occlusion of upper ADAM, Peter, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; JETT, Kristin, Univ. of and lower jaw fangs relative to the choana. California, Davis, Davis, CA; OLSON, Joshua, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, Los A CT scan investigation of a large skull of Eusthenopteron, carried out in collaboration Angeles, CA with University of Texas and Parc de Miguasha, offers an opportunity to image and digital- Marine mammals with homodont dentition and relatively little specialization of the feeding ly “dissect” a complete three-dimensional snout region. We find that a choana is indeed apparatus are often categorized as generalist eaters of squid and fish. However, analyses of present, somewhat narrower but otherwise similar to that described by Jarvik. It does not many modern ecosystems reveal the importance of body size in determining trophic parti- receive the anterior coronoid fang, which bites mesial to the edge of the dermopalatine and tioning and diversity among predators. We established relationships between body sizes of is received by a pit in that bone. The fenestra endochoanalis is partly floored by the vomer extant cetaceans and their prey in order to infer prey size and potential trophic separation of and the dermopalatine, restricting the choana to the lateral part of the fenestra. -
Classification of Mammals 61
© Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FORCHAPTER SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Classification © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC 4 NOT FORof SALE MammalsOR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION. 2ND PAGES 9781284032093_CH04_0060.indd 60 8/28/13 12:08 PM CHAPTER 4: Classification of Mammals 61 © Jones Despite& Bartlett their Learning,remarkable success, LLC mammals are much less© Jones stress & onBartlett the taxonomic Learning, aspect LLCof mammalogy, but rather as diverse than are most invertebrate groups. This is probably an attempt to provide students with sufficient information NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FORattributable SALE OR to theirDISTRIBUTION far greater individual size, to the high on the various kinds of mammals to make the subsequent energy requirements of endothermy, and thus to the inabil- discussions of mammalian biology meaningful. -
Isthminia Panamensis, a New Fossil Inioid (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Chagres Formation of Panama and the Evolution of ‘River Dolphins’ in the Americas
Isthminia panamensis, a new fossil inioid (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Chagres Formation of Panama and the evolution of ‘river dolphins’ in the Americas Nicholas D. Pyenson1,2, Jorge Velez-Juarbe´ 3,4, Carolina S. Gutstein1,5, Holly Little1, Dioselina Vigil6 and Aaron O’Dea6 1 Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA 2 Departments of Mammalogy and Paleontology, Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, Seattle, WA, USA 3 Department of Mammalogy, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA 4 Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA 5 Comision´ de Patrimonio Natural, Consejo de Monumentos Nacionales, Santiago, Chile 6 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama ABSTRACT In contrast to dominant mode of ecological transition in the evolution of marine mammals, different lineages of toothed whales (Odontoceti) have repeatedly invaded freshwater ecosystems during the Cenozoic era. The so-called ‘river dolphins’ are now recognized as independent lineages that converged on similar morphological specializations (e.g., longirostry). In South America, the two endemic ‘river dolphin’ lineages form a clade (Inioidea), with closely related fossil inioids from marine rock units in the South Pacific and North Atlantic oceans. Here we describe a new genus and species of fossil inioid, Isthminia panamensis, gen. et sp. nov. from the late Miocene of Panama. The type and only known specimen consists of a partial skull, mandibles, isolated teeth, a right scapula, and carpal elements recovered from Submitted 27 April 2015 the Pina˜ Facies of the Chagres Formation, along the Caribbean coast of Panama. -
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A new marine vertebrate assemblage from the Late Neogene Purisima Formation in Central California, part II: Pinnipeds and Cetaceans Robert W. BOESSENECKER Department of Geology, University of Otago, 360 Leith Walk, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054 (New Zealand) and Department of Earth Sciences, Montana State University 200 Traphagen Hall, Bozeman, MT, 59715 (USA) and University of California Museum of Paleontology 1101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA, 94720 (USA) [email protected] Boessenecker R. W. 2013. — A new marine vertebrate assemblage from the Late Neogene Purisima Formation in Central California, part II: Pinnipeds and Cetaceans. Geodiversitas 35 (4): 815-940. http://dx.doi.org/g2013n4a5 ABSTRACT e newly discovered Upper Miocene to Upper Pliocene San Gregorio assem- blage of the Purisima Formation in Central California has yielded a diverse collection of 34 marine vertebrate taxa, including eight sharks, two bony fish, three marine birds (described in a previous study), and 21 marine mammals. Pinnipeds include the walrus Dusignathus sp., cf. D. seftoni, the fur seal Cal- lorhinus sp., cf. C. gilmorei, and indeterminate otariid bones. Baleen whales include dwarf mysticetes (Herpetocetus bramblei Whitmore & Barnes, 2008, Herpetocetus sp.), two right whales (cf. Eubalaena sp. 1, cf. Eubalaena sp. 2), at least three balaenopterids (“Balaenoptera” cortesi “var.” portisi Sacco, 1890, cf. Balaenoptera, Balaenopteridae gen. et sp. indet.) and a new species of rorqual (Balaenoptera bertae n. sp.) that exhibits a number of derived features that place it within the genus Balaenoptera. is new species of Balaenoptera is relatively small (estimated 61 cm bizygomatic width) and exhibits a comparatively nar- row vertex, an obliquely (but precipitously) sloping frontal adjacent to vertex, anteriorly directed and short zygomatic processes, and squamosal creases. -
How Whales Used to Filter: Exceptionally Preserved Baleen in A
Journal of Anatomy J. Anat. (2017) 231, pp212--220 doi: 10.1111/joa.12622 How whales used to filter: exceptionally preserved baleen in a Miocene cetotheriid Felix G. Marx,1,2,3 Alberto Collareta,4,5 Anna Gioncada,4 Klaas Post,6 Olivier Lambert,3 Elena Bonaccorsi,4 Mario Urbina7 and Giovanni Bianucci4 1School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia 2Geosciences, Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Vic., Australia 3D.O. Terre et Histoire de la Vie, Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Brussels, Belgium 4Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Universita di Pisa, Pisa, Italy 5Dottorato Regionale in Scienze della Terra Pegaso, Pisa, Italy 6Natuurhistorisch Museum Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands 7Departamento de Paleontologıa de Vertebrados, Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru Abstract Baleen is a comb-like structure that enables mysticete whales to bulk feed on vast quantities of small prey, and ultimately allowed them to become the largest animals on Earth. Because baleen rarely fossilises, extremely little is known about its evolution, structure and function outside the living families. Here we describe, for the first time, the exceptionally preserved baleen apparatus of an entirely extinct mysticete morphotype: the Late Miocene cetotheriid, Piscobalaena nana, from the Pisco Formation of Peru. The baleen plates of P. nana are closely spaced and built around relatively dense, fine tubules, as in the enigmatic pygmy right whale, Caperea marginata. Phosphatisation of the intertubular horn, but not the tubules themselves, suggests in vivo intertubular calcification. The size of the rack matches the distribution of nutrient foramina on the palate, and implies the presence of an unusually large subrostral gap. -
List of Marine Mammal Species and Subspecies
List of Marine Mammal Species and Subspecies Introduction The Committee on Taxonomy, chaired by Patricia Rosel, produced the first official Society for Marine Mammalogy list of marine mammal species and subspecies in 2010. Consensus on some issues has not been possible; this is reflected in the footnotes. The list is updated at least annually. The current version was updated in May 2020. This list can be cited as follows: “Committee on Taxonomy. 2019. List of marine mammal species and subspecies. Society for Marine Mammalogy, www.marinemammalscience.org, consulted on [date].” This list includes living and recently extinct (within historical times) species and subspecies. It is meant to reflect prevailing usage and recent revisions published in the peer-reviewed literature. Classification and scientific names follow Rice (1998), with adjustments reflecting more recent literature. Author(s) and year of description of each taxon follow the Latin (scientific) species name; when these are enclosed in parentheses, the taxon was originally described in a different genus. The Committee annually considers and evaluates new, peer-reviewed literature that proposes taxonomic changes. The Committee’s focus is on alpha taxonomy (describing and naming taxa) and beta taxonomy primarily at lower levels of the hierarchy (subspecies, species and genera), although it may evaluate issues at higher levels if deemed necessary. Proposals for new, taxonomically distinct taxa require a formal, peer-reviewed study and should provide robust evidence that some subspecies or species criterion was met. For review of species concepts, see Reeves et al. (2004), Orr and Coyne (2004), de Queiroz (2007), Perrin (2009) and Taylor et al. -
PDF of Manuscript and Figures
The triple origin of whales DAVID PETERS Independent Researcher 311 Collinsville Avenue, Collinsville, IL 62234, USA [email protected] 314-323-7776 July 13, 2018 RH: PETERS—TRIPLE ORIGIN OF WHALES Keywords: Cetacea, Mysticeti, Odontoceti, Phylogenetic analyis ABSTRACT—Workers presume the traditional whale clade, Cetacea, is monophyletic when they support a hypothesis of relationships for baleen whales (Mysticeti) rooted on stem members of the toothed whale clade (Odontoceti). Here a wider gamut phylogenetic analysis recovers Archaeoceti + Odontoceti far apart from Mysticeti and right whales apart from other mysticetes. The three whale clades had semi-aquatic ancestors with four limbs. The clade Odontoceti arises from a lineage that includes archaeocetids, pakicetids, tenrecs, elephant shrews and anagalids: all predators. The clade Mysticeti arises from a lineage that includes desmostylians, anthracobunids, cambaytheres, hippos and mesonychids: none predators. Right whales are derived from a sister to Desmostylus. Other mysticetes arise from a sister to the RBCM specimen attributed to Behemotops. Basal mysticetes include Caperea (for right whales) and Miocaperea (for all other mysticetes). Cetotheres are not related to aetiocetids. Whales and hippos are not related to artiodactyls. Rather the artiodactyl-type ankle found in basal archaeocetes is also found in the tenrec/odontocete clade. Former mesonychids, Sinonyx and Andrewsarchus, nest close to tenrecs. These are novel observations and hypotheses of mammal interrelationships based on morphology and a wide gamut taxon list that includes relevant taxa that prior studies ignored. Here some taxa are tested together for the first time, so they nest together for the first time. INTRODUCTION Marx and Fordyce (2015) reported the genesis of the baleen whale clade (Mysticeti) extended back to Zygorhiza, Physeter and other toothed whales (Archaeoceti + Odontoceti). -
Anatomical Description and Phylogenetic Analysis of Miocene
Southern Methodist University SMU Scholar Collection of Engaged Learning Engaged Learning 4-15-2013 Anatomical description and phylogenetic analysis of Miocene beaked whale from the East African Rift Valley, Kenya Andrew Lin Southern Methodist University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.smu.edu/upjournal_research Part of the Earth Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Lin, Andrew, "Anatomical description and phylogenetic analysis of Miocene beaked whale from the East African Rift alV ley, Kenya" (2013). Collection of Engaged Learning. 10. https://scholar.smu.edu/upjournal_research/10 This document is brought to you for free and open access by the Engaged Learning at SMU Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Collection of Engaged Learning by an authorized administrator of SMU Scholar. For more information, please visit http://digitalrepository.smu.edu. 1 Anatomical description and phylogenetic analysis of Miocene beaked whale from the East African Rift Valley, Kenya by Andrew Lin Undergraduate Senior Thesis Huffington Department of Earth Sciences Southern Methodist University Dallas, TX 75275 Abstract This study compares the anatomy of a Miocene whale fossil found in Kenya to that of modern and other fossil beaked whales in order to identify it using phylogenetic analysis. The specimen is a partial skull and lacks diagnostic features present in the posterior regions of the skull, but a parsimony analysis based on available characters determined the whale is likely linked to modern Mesoplodon and Hyperoodon. Identification of this specimen is necessary for biogeographical purposes and other investigations using the fossil as a marker for the paleocoastline. Furthermore, this whale is an important and unique tool that can be used to study the development of the East African Rift. -
New Finds of Giant Raptorial Sperm Whale Teeth (Cetacea, Physeteroidea) from the Westerschelde Estuary (Province of Zeeland, the Netherlands)
1 Online Journal of the Natural History Museum Rotterdam, with contributions on zoology, paleontology and urban ecology deinsea.nl New finds of giant raptorial sperm whale teeth (Cetacea, Physeteroidea) from the Westerschelde Estuary (province of Zeeland, the Netherlands) Jelle W.F. Reumer 1,2, Titus H. Mens 1 & Klaas Post 2 1 Utrecht University, Faculty of Geosciences, P.O. Box 80115, 3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands 2 Natural History Museum Rotterdam, Westzeedijk 345 (Museumpark), 3015 AA Rotterdam, the Netherlands ABSTRACT Submitted 26 June 2017 Two large sperm whale teeth were found offshore from Breskens in the Westerschelde Accepted 28 July 2017 estuary. Comparison shows they share features with the teeth of the stem physteroid Published 23 August 2017 Zygophyseter, described from the Late Miocene of southern Italy. Both teeth are however significantly larger than the teeth of theZygophyseter type material, yet still somewhat Author for correspondence smaller than the teeth of the giant raptorial sperm whale Livyatan melvillei, and confirm the Jelle W.F. Reumer: presence of so far undescribed giant macroraptorial sperm whales in the Late Miocene of [email protected] The Netherlands. Editors of this paper Keywords Cetacea, Odontoceti, Westerschelde, Zygophyseter Bram W. Langeveld C.W. (Kees) Moeliker Cite this article Reumer, J.W.F., Mens, T.H. & Post, K. 2017 - New finds of giant raptorial sperm whale teeth (Cetacea, Physeteroidea) from the Westerschelde Estuary (province of Copyright Zeeland, the Netherlands) - Deinsea 17: 32 - 38 2017 Reumer, Mens & Post Distributed under Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 DEINSEA online ISSN 2468-8983 INTRODUCTION presence of teeth in both maxilla and mandibula they are iden- Fossil Physeteroidea are not uncommon in Neogene marine tified as physeteroid teeth (Gol’din & Marareskul 2013). -
Proceedings of the United States National Museum
DESCRIPTION OF TWO SQUALODONTS RECENTLY DIS- COVERED IN THE CALVERT CLIFFS, ^LVRYLAND; AND NOTES ON THE SHARK-TOOTHED CETACEANS. By Remington Kellogg, Of the Bureau of Biological Survey, United States Departynent of Agriculture. INTRODUCTION. When the study of paleontology was less advanced than it is at present, any announcement of the discovery of prehistoric animals unlike the living indigenous fauna was usually received with some suspicion. In spite of this distrust, many attempts were made by the early writers to explain the presence of fossil remains of marine mammals in strata above the sea level or at some distance from the seashore. In one of these treatises ' is found what is, apparently, the first notice of the occurrence of fossil remains referable to shark- toothed cetaceans. The author of this work figures a fragment of a mandible, obtained from the tufa of Malta, which possesses three serrate double-rooted molar teeth. Squalodonts as such were first brought to the attention of ]mleon- tologists in 1840, by J. P. S. Grateloup, ' a French naturalist primarily interested in marine invertebrates. In the original description of Squalodon, Grateloup held the view that this rostral fragment from Leognan, France, belonged to some large saurian related to Iguanodon. Following the anouncement of this discovery. Von Meyer ^ called at- tention to the teeth of this fossil, and concluded that the specimen was referable to some flesh-eating cetacean. A year later, Grateloup* concurred in this opinion. One other specimen should be mentioned in this connection, but, unfortunately, its relationships are quite uncer- tain. This specimen consists of a single tooth which was thought to bear resemblance to some pinniped by Von Meyer ^ and named Pachy- odon mirahilis. -
How to Cite Complete Issue More Information About This Article
Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana ISSN: 1405-3322 Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, A.C. Hernández Cisneros, Atzcalli Ehécatl; González Barba, Gerardo; Fordyce, Robert Ewan Oligocene cetaceans from Baja California Sur, Mexico Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, vol. 69, no. 1, January-April, 2017, pp. 149-173 Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, A.C. Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=94350664007 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System Redalyc More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America and the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Project academic non-profit, developed under the open access initiative Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana / 2017 / 149 Oligocene cetaceans from Baja California Sur, Mexico Atzcalli Ehécatl Hernández Cisneros, Gerardo González Barba, Robert Ewan Fordyce ABSTRACT Atzcalli Ehecatl Hernández Cisneros ABSTRACT RESUMEN [email protected] Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Univer- Baja California Sur has an import- Baja California Sur tiene un importante re- sidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, ant Cenozoic marine fossil record gistro de fósiles marinos del Cenozoico que Carretera al Sur Km 5.5, Apartado Postal which includes diverse but poorly incluye los restos poco conocidos de cetáceos 19-B, C.P. 23080, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México. known Oligocene cetaceans from del Oligoceno de México. En este estudio Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Inter- Mexico. Here we review the cetacean ofrecemos más detalles sobre estos fósiles de disciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICMAR), fossil record including new observa- cetáceos, incluyendo nuevas observaciones Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional s/n, Col. -
SMC 11 Gill 1.Pdf
SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS. 230 ARRANGEMENT FAMILIES OF MAMMALS. WITH ANALYTICAL TABLES. PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. BY THEODORE GILL, M.D., Ph.D. WASHINGTON: PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. NOVEMBER, 1872. ADVERTISEMENT. The following list of families of Mammals, with analytical tables, has been prepared by Dr. Theodore Gill, at the request of the Smithsonian Institution, to serve as a basis for the arrangement of the collection of Mammals in the National Museum ; and as frequent applications for such a list have been received by the Institution, it has been thought advisable to publish it for more extended use. In provisionally adopting this system for the purpose mentioned, the Institution, in accordance with its custom, disclaims all responsibility for any of the hypothetical views upon which it may be based. JOSEPH HENRY, Secretary, S. I. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, October, 1872. (iii) CONTENTS. I. List of Families* (including references to synoptical tables) 1-27 Sub-Class (Eutheria) Placentalia s. Monodelpbia (1-121) 1, Super-Order Educabilia (1-73) Order 1. Primates (1-8) Sub-Order Anthropoidea (1-5) " Prosimiae (6-8) Order 2. Ferae (9-27) Sub-Order Fissipedia (9-24) . " Pinnipedia (25-27) Order 3. Ungulata (28-54) Sub-Order Artiodactyli (28-45) " Perissodactyli (46-54) Order 4. Toxodontia (55-56) . Order 5. Hyracoidea (57) Order 6. Proboscidea (58-59) Diverging (Educabilian) series. Order 7. Sirenia' (60-63) Order 8. Cete (64-73) . Sub-Order Zeuglodontia (64-65) " Denticete (66-71) . Mysticete (72-73) . Super-Order Ineducabilia (74-121) Order 9. Chiroptera (74-82) . Sub-Order Aniinalivora (74-81) " Frugivora (82) Order 10.