Modification of Tooth Development by Heat Shock Protein 60
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Journal of Dental Research
Journal of Dental Research http://jdr.sagepub.com/ Cell Differentiation and Matrix Organization in Engineered Teeth A. Nait Lechguer, M.L. Couble, N. Labert, S. Kuchler-Bopp, L. Keller, H. Magloire, F. Bleicher and H. Lesot J DENT RES 2011 90: 583 originally published online 4 February 2011 DOI: 10.1177/0022034510391796 The online version of this article can be found at: http://jdr.sagepub.com/content/90/5/583 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: International and American Associations for Dental Research Additional services and information for Journal of Dental Research can be found at: Email Alerts: http://jdr.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://jdr.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav >> Version of Record - Apr 13, 2011 OnlineFirst Version of Record - Feb 4, 2011 What is This? Downloaded from jdr.sagepub.com at Service Commun de la Documentation Université de Strasbourg on September 6, 2013 For personal use only. No other uses without permission. © 2011 International & American Associations for Dental Research RESEARCH REPORTS Biomaterials & Bioengineering A. Nait Lechguer1,2, M.L. Couble3,4, N. Labert3,4, S. Kuchler-Bopp1,2, Cell Differentiation and L. Keller1,2, H. Magloire3,4, F. Bleicher3,4, Matrix Organization in and H. Lesot1,2* Engineered Teeth 1INSERM UMR 977, Faculté de Médecine, 11, rue Humann, F-67085 Strasbourg, France; 2Dental School, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; 3Université de Lyon, Faculté d’Odontologie, Rue Guillaume Paradin, F-69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France; and 4IGFL, CNRS UMR 5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 Allée d’Italie, 69364, Lyon Cedex 08, France; *corresponding author, [email protected] J Dent Res 90(5):583-589, 2011 ABSTRACT InTRODuCTIOn Embryonic dental cells were used to check a series of criteria to be achieved for tooth engineering. -
6 Development of the Teeth: Root and Supporting Structures Nagat M
AVERY Chap.06 27-11-2002 10:09 Pagina 108 108 II Development of the Teeth and Supporting Structures 6 Development of the Teeth: Root and Supporting Structures Nagat M. ElNesr and James K. Avery Chapter Outline Introduction Introduction... 108 Objectives... 108 Root development is initiated through the contributions Root Sheath Development... 109 of the cells originating from the enamel organ, dental Single-Root Formation... 110 papilla, and dental follicle. The cells of the outer enamel Multiple-Root Formation... 111 epithelium contact the inner enamel epithelium at the Root Formation Anomalies... 112 base of the enamel organ, the cervical loop (Figs. 6.1 and Fate of the Epithelial Root Sheath (Hertwig's Sheath)... 113 6.2A). Later, with crown completion, the cells of the cer- Dental Follicle... 114 vical loop continue to grow away from the crown and Development of (Intermediate) Cementum... 116 become root sheath cells (Figs. 6.2B and 6.3). The inner Cellular and Acellular Cementum... 116 root sheath cells cause root formation by inducing the Development of the Periodontal Ligament... 117 adjacent cells of the dental papilla to become odonto- Development of the Alveolar Process... 119 blasts, which in turn will form root dentin. The root Summary... 121 sheath will further dictate whether the tooth will have Self-Evaluation Review... 122 single or multiple roots. The remainder of the cells of the dental papilla will then become the cells of the root pulp.The third compo- nent in root formation, the dental follicle, is the tissue that surrounds the enamel organ, the dental papilla, and the root. -
Lecture 2 – Bone
Oral Histology Summary Notes Enoch Ng Lecture 2 – Bone - Protection of brain, lungs, other internal organs - Structural support for heart, lungs, and marrow - Attachment sites for muscles - Mineral reservoir for calcium (99% of body’s) and phosphorous (85% of body’s) - Trap for dangerous minerals (ex:// lead) - Transduction of sound - Endocrine organ (osteocalcin regulates insulin signaling, glucose metabolism, and fat mass) Structure - Compact/Cortical o Diaphysis of long bone, “envelope” of cuboid bones (vertebrae) o 10% porosity, 70-80% calcified (4x mass of trabecular bone) o Protective, subject to bending/torsion/compressive forces o Has Haversian system structure - Trabecular/Cancellous o Metaphysis and epiphysis of long bone, cuboid bone o 3D branching lattice formed along areas of mechanical stress o 50-90% porosity, 15-25% calcified (1/4 mass of compact bone) o High surface area high cellular activity (has marrow) o Metabolic turnover 8x greater than cortical bone o Subject to compressive forces o Trabeculae lined with endosteum (contains osteoprogenitors, osteoblasts, osteoclasts) - Woven Bone o Immature/primitive, rapidly growing . Normally – embryos, newborns, fracture calluses, metaphyseal region of bone . Abnormally – tumors, osteogenesis imperfecta, Pagetic bone o Disorganized, no uniform orientation of collagen fibers, coarse fibers, cells randomly arranged, varying mineral content, isotropic mechanical behavior (behavior the same no matter direction of applied force) - Lamellar Bone o Mature bone, remodeling of woven -
Lecture 6 – Integument ‐ Scale • a Scale Is a Small Rigid Plate That Grows out of an Animal’ S Skin to Provide Protection
Lecture 6 – Integument ‐ Scale • A scale is a small rigid plate that grows out of an animal’s skin to provide protection. • Scales are quite common and have evolved multiple times with varying structure and function. • Scales are generally classified as part of an organism's integumentary system. • There are various types of scales according to shape and to class of animal. • Although the meat and organs of some species of fish are edible by humans, the scales are usually not eaten. Scale structure • Fish scales Fish scales are dermally derived, specifically in the mesoderm. This fact distinguishes them from reptile scales paleontologically. Genetically, the same genes involved in tooth and hair development in mammals are also involved in scale development. Earliest scales – heavily armoured thought to be like Chondrichthyans • Fossil fishes • ion reservoir • osmotic control • protection • Weighting Scale function • Primary function is protection (armor plating) • Hydrodynamics Scales are composed of four basic compounds: ((gmoving from inside to outside in that order) • Lamellar bone • Vascular or spongy bone • Dentine (dermis) and is always associated with enamel. • Acellular enamel (epidermis) • The scales of fish lie in pockets in the dermis and are embeded in connective tissue. • Scales do not stick out of a fish but are covered by the Epithelial layer. • The scales overlap and so form a protective flexible armor capable of withstanding blows and bumping. • In some catfishes and seahorses, scales are replaced by bony plates. • In some other species there are no scales at all. Evolution of scales Placoid scale – (Chondricthyes – cartilagenous fishes) develop in dermis but protrude through epidermis. -
Basic Histology (23 Questions): Oral Histology (16 Questions
Board Question Breakdown (Anatomic Sciences section) The Anatomic Sciences portion of part I of the Dental Board exams consists of 100 test items. They are broken up into the following distribution: Gross Anatomy (50 questions): Head - 28 questions broken down in this fashion: - Oral cavity - 6 questions - Extraoral structures - 12 questions - Osteology - 6 questions - TMJ and muscles of mastication - 4 questions Neck - 5 questions Upper Limb - 3 questions Thoracic cavity - 5 questions Abdominopelvic cavity - 2 questions Neuroanatomy (CNS, ANS +) - 7 questions Basic Histology (23 questions): Ultrastructure (cell organelles) - 4 questions Basic tissues - 4 questions Bone, cartilage & joints - 3 questions Lymphatic & circulatory systems - 3 questions Endocrine system - 2 questions Respiratory system - 1 question Gastrointestinal system - 3 questions Genitouirinary systems - (reproductive & urinary) 2 questions Integument - 1 question Oral Histology (16 questions): Tooth & supporting structures - 9 questions Soft oral tissues (including dentin) - 5 questions Temporomandibular joint - 2 questions Developmental Biology (11 questions): Osteogenesis (bone formation) - 2 questions Tooth development, eruption & movement - 4 questions General embryology - 2 questions 2 National Board Part 1: Review questions for histology/oral histology (Answers follow at the end) 1. Normally most of the circulating white blood cells are a. basophilic leukocytes b. monocytes c. lymphocytes d. eosinophilic leukocytes e. neutrophilic leukocytes 2. Blood platelets are products of a. osteoclasts b. basophils c. red blood cells d. plasma cells e. megakaryocytes 3. Bacteria are frequently ingested by a. neutrophilic leukocytes b. basophilic leukocytes c. mast cells d. small lymphocytes e. fibrocytes 4. It is believed that worn out red cells are normally destroyed in the spleen by a. neutrophils b. -
History and Function of Scale Microornamentation in Lacertid Lizards
JOURNALOFMORPHOLOGY252:145–169(2002) HistoryandFunctionofScaleMicroornamentation inLacertidLizards E.N.Arnold* NaturalHistoryMuseum,CromwellRoad,LondonSW75BD,UK ABSTRACTDifferencesinsurfacestructure(ober- mostfrequentlyinformsfromdryhabitatsorformsthat hautchen)ofbodyscalesoflacertidlizardsinvolvecell climbinvegetationawayfromtheground,situations size,shapeandsurfaceprofile,presenceorabsenceoffine wheredirtadhesionislessofaproblem.Microornamen- pitting,formofcellmargins,andtheoccurrenceoflongi- tationdifferencesinvolvingotherpartsofthebodyand tudinalridgesandpustularprojections.Phylogeneticin- othersquamategroupstendtocorroboratethisfunctional formationindicatesthattheprimitivepatterninvolved interpretation.Microornamentationfeaturescandevelop narrowstrap-shapedcells,withlowposteriorlyoverlap- onlineagesindifferentordersandappeartoactadditively pingedgesandrelativelysmoothsurfaces.Deviations inreducingshine.Insomecasesdifferentcombinations fromthisconditionproduceamoresculpturedsurfaceand maybeoptimalsolutionsinparticularenvironments,but havedevelopedmanytimes,althoughsubsequentovert lineageeffects,suchaslimitedreversibilityanddifferent reversalsareuncommon.Likevariationsinscaleshape, developmentalproclivities,mayalsobeimportantintheir differentpatternsofdorsalbodymicroornamentationap- peartoconferdifferentandconflictingperformancead- genesis.Thefinepitsoftenfoundoncellsurfacesare vantages.Theprimitivepatternmayreducefrictiondur- unconnectedwithshinereduction,astheyaresmaller inglocomotionandalsoenhancesdirtshedding,especially thanthewavelengthsofmostvisiblelight.J.Morphol. -
Key to the Freshwater Fishes of Maryland Key to the Freshwater Fishes of Maryland
KEY TO THE FRESHWATER FISHES OF MARYLAND KEY TO THE FRESHWATER FISHES OF MARYLAND Compiled by P.F. Kazyak; R.L. Raesly Graphics by D.A. Neely This key to the freshwater fishes of Maryland was prepared for the Maryland Biological Stream Survey to support field and laboratory identifications of fishes known to occur or potentially occurring in Maryland waters. A number of existing taxonomic keys were used to prepare the initial version of this key to provide a more complete set of identifiable features for each species and minimize the possibility of incorrectly identifying new or newly introduced species. Since that time, we have attempted to remove less useful information from the key and have enriched the key by adding illustrations. Users of this key should be aware of the possibility of taking a fish species not listed, especially in areas near the head-of- tide. Glossary of anatomical terms Ammocoete - Larval lamprey. Lateral field - Area of scales between anterior and posterior fields. Basal - Toward the base or body of an object. Mandible - Lower jaw. Branchial groove - Horizontal groove along which the gill openings are aligned in lampreys. Mandibular pores - Series of pores on the ventral surface of mandible. Branchiostegal membranes - Membranes extending below the opercles and connecting at the throat. Maxillary - Upper jaw. Branchiostegal ray - Splint-like bone in the branchiostegal Myomeres - Dorsoventrally oriented muscle bundle on side of fish. membranes. Myoseptum - Juncture between myomeres. Caudal peduncle - Slender part of body between anal and caudal fin. Palatine teeth - Small teeth just posterior or lateral to the medial vomer. -
Cell Proliferation Study in Human Tooth Germs
Cell proliferation study in human tooth germs Vanesa Pereira-Prado1, Gabriela Vigil-Bastitta2, Estefania Sicco3, Ronell Bologna-Molina4, Gabriel Tapia-Repetto5 DOI: 10.22592/ode2018n32a10 Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the expression of MCM4-5-6 in human tooth germs in the bell stage. Materials and methods: Histological samples were collected from four fetal maxillae placed in paraffin at the block archive of the Histology Department of the School of Dentistry, UdelaR. Sections were made for HE routine technique and for immunohistochemistry technique for MCM4-5-6. Results: Different regions of the enamel organ showed 100% positivity in the intermediate layer, a variation from 100% to 0% in the inner epithelium from the cervical loop to the incisal area, and 0% in the stellar reticulum as well as the outer epithelium. Conclusions: The results show and confirm the proliferative action of the different areas of the enamel organ. Keywords: MCM4, MCM5, MCM6, tooth germ, cell proliferation. 1 Molecular Pathology in Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay. ORCID: 0000-0001- 7747-671 2 Molecular Pathology in Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay. ORCID: 0000-0002- 0617-1279 3 Molecular Pathology in Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay. ORCID: 0000-0003- 1137-6866 4 Molecular Pathology in Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay. ORCID: 0000-0001- 9755-4779 5 Histology Department, School of Dentistry, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay. ORCID: 0000-0003-4563-9142 78 Odontoestomatología. Vol. XX - Nº 32 - Diciembre 2018 Introduction that all the DNA is replicated (12), and prevents DNA from replicating more than once in the Tooth organogenesis is a process involving a same cell cycle (13). -
Spatial Distribution of the Nile Crocodile (Crocodylus Niloticus)
Spatial distribution of the Nile crocodile ( Crocodylus niloticus ) in the Mariarano River system, Northwestern Madagascar By Caroline A. Jablonicky A Thesis Presented to the FACULTY OF THE USC GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF SCIENCE (GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY) May 2013 Copyright 2013 Caroline A. Jablonicky Contents List of Tables iv List of Figures v Abstract vii Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Purpose 1 Organization 4 Chapter 2: Literature Review 6 Human-crocodile conflict 6 Species Distribution Models 8 Maximum Entropy Methods 10 Detection Probability 11 Chapter 3: Methods 12 Study Site 12 Data Collection and Methodology 13 Database 14 Model Covariates 15 Maxent Modeling Procedure 24 Model Performance Measures and Covariate Importance 25 ii Chapter 4: Results 27 Survey Results 27 Nile crocodile ( Crocodylus niloticus ) Habitat Suitability Maps 28 Model Validation 30 Variable Contribution and Importance 32 Predictor Variable (Covariate) Importance 33 Chapter 5: Discussion 36 Field Data 36 Model Strengths and Conclusions 36 Model Limitations 38 Future Research Directions 40 Future Uses 41 References 42 iii List of Tables Table 1. List, explanation and source of covariates used within the two Maxent models 15 Table 2. Maxent model regularization parameters and applied model constraints 24 Table 3. Measure of the performance of the model produced by Maxent based on the AUC value (Araújo and Guisan, 2006) 25 Table 4. Percent contribution of each predictor variable, including only biophysical covariates in the model 32 Table 5. Percent contribution of each predictor variable, when all covariates were included in the model 33 iv List of Figures Figure 1. -
Tetrapod Limb and Sarcopterygian Fin Regeneration Share a Core Genetic
ARTICLE Received 28 Apr 2016 | Accepted 27 Sep 2016 | Published 2 Nov 2016 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13364 OPEN Tetrapod limb and sarcopterygian fin regeneration share a core genetic programme Acacio F. Nogueira1,*, Carinne M. Costa1,*, Jamily Lorena1, Rodrigo N. Moreira1, Gabriela N. Frota-Lima1, Carolina Furtado2, Mark Robinson3, Chris T. Amemiya3,4, Sylvain Darnet1 & Igor Schneider1 Salamanders are the only living tetrapods capable of fully regenerating limbs. The discovery of salamander lineage-specific genes (LSGs) expressed during limb regeneration suggests that this capacity is a salamander novelty. Conversely, recent paleontological evidence supports a deeper evolutionary origin, before the occurrence of salamanders in the fossil record. Here we show that lungfishes, the sister group of tetrapods, regenerate their fins through morphological steps equivalent to those seen in salamanders. Lungfish de novo transcriptome assembly and differential gene expression analysis reveal notable parallels between lungfish and salamander appendage regeneration, including strong downregulation of muscle proteins and upregulation of oncogenes, developmental genes and lungfish LSGs. MARCKS-like protein (MLP), recently discovered as a regeneration-initiating molecule in salamander, is likewise upregulated during early stages of lungfish fin regeneration. Taken together, our results lend strong support for the hypothesis that tetrapods inherited a bona fide limb regeneration programme concomitant with the fin-to-limb transition. 1 Instituto de Cieˆncias Biolo´gicas, Universidade Federal do Para´, Rua Augusto Correa, 01, Bele´m66075-110,Brazil.2 Unidade Genoˆmica, Programa de Gene´tica, Instituto Nacional do Caˆncer, Rio de Janeiro 20230-240, Brazil. 3 Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA. 4 Department of Biology, University of Washington 106 Kincaid, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA. -
Peripheral Developing Odontoma in Newborn. Report of Two Cases and Literature Review
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 Nov 1;14 (11):e612-5. Developing odontoma in newborn Journal section: Oral Surgery doi:10.4317/medoral.14.e612 Publication Types: Case Report Peripheral developing odontoma in newborn. Report of two cases and literature review Alan-Roger S. Silva 1, Roman Carlos-Bregni 2, Pablo-Agustin Vargas 3, Oslei-Paes de Almeida 4, Marcio-Aju- darte Lopes 5 1 DDS, MS, PhD student. Department of Oral Diagnosis (Semiology), Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil 2 DDS, Head. Centro Clínico de Cabeza y Cuello, Guatemala City, Guatemala 3 DDS, PhD, Associate Professor. Department of Oral Diagnosis (Oral Pathology), Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil 4 DDS, PhD, Titular Professor. Department of Oral Diagnosis (Oral Pathology), Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil 5 DDS, PhD, Titular Professor. Department of Oral Diagnosis (Semiology), Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil Correspondence: Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba - UNICAMP. Departamento de Diagnóstico Oral (Área de Semiologia). Silva AR, Carlos-Bregni R, Vargas PA, Almeida OP, Lopes MA. Periphe- Avenida Limeira, 901, Caixa Postal 52. ral developing odontoma in newborn. Report of two cases and literature Piracicaba - SP, Brasil. CEP: 13414-903. review. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 Nov 1;14 (11):e612-5. [email protected] http://www.medicinaoral.com/medoralfree01/v14i11/medoralv14i11p612.pdf Article Number: 2597 http://www.medicinaoral.com/ © Medicina Oral S. L. C.I.F. B 96689336 - pISSN 1698-4447 - eISSN: 1698-6946 eMail: [email protected] Received: 04/12/2008 Indexed in: Accepted: 20/03/2009 -SCI EXPANDED -JOURNAL CITATION REPORTS -Index Medicus / MEDLINE / PubMed -EMBASE, Excerpta Medica -SCOPUS -Indice Médico Español Abstract Extra-osseous odontogenic tumors are rarely observed. -
Lizard Scales in an Adaptive Radiation: Variation in Scale Number Follows Climatic and Structural Habitat Diversity in Anolis Lizards
bs_bs_banner Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 113, 570–579. With 4 figures Lizard scales in an adaptive radiation: variation in scale number follows climatic and structural habitat diversity in Anolis lizards JOHANNA E. WEGENER1*, GABRIEL E. A. GARTNER2 and JONATHAN B. LOSOS3 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA 2Department of Biology, Ithaca College, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA 3Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Received 28 February 2014; revised 7 June 2014; accepted for publication 7 June 2014 Lizard scales vary in size, shape and texture among and within species. The overall function of scales in squamates is attributed to protection against abrasion, solar radiation and water loss. We quantified scale number of Anolis lizards across a large sample of species (142 species) and examined whether this variation was related either to structural or to climatic habitat diversity. We found that species in dry environments have fewer, larger scales than species in humid environments. This is consistent with the hypothesis that scales reduce evaporative water loss through the skin. In addition, scale number varied among groups of ecomorphs and was correlated with aspects of the structural microhabitat (i.e. perch height and perch diameter). This was unexpected because ecomorph groups are based on morphological features related to locomotion in different structural microhabitats. Body scales are not likely to play an important role in locomotion in Anolis lizards. The observed variation may relate to other features of the ecomorph niche and more work is needed to understand the putative adaptive basis of these patterns.