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From Stone Age to Copper Kingdom Anglesey's Amazing Stories O Oes Y Cerrig I'r Deyrnas Gopr Straeon Rhyfeddol

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From Stone Age to Copper Kingdom Anglesey's Amazing Stories O Oes Y Cerrig I'r Deyrnas Gopr Straeon Rhyfeddol Explore further Crwydro ymhellach This leaflet is one of a series exploring Mae’r daflen hon yn perthyn i gyfres sy’n Anglesey’s fascinating history. Three cyflwyno hanes hynod ddifyr Ynys Môn. more cover the south, east and west Ceir tair arall sy’n ymdrin yn fanylach â of the island in more detail, focusing de, dwyrain a gorllewin yr ynys, gan on historic sites at and around ganolbwyntio ar safleoedd hanesyddol Newborough, Beaumaris and Holyhead. yn ardaloedd Niwbwrch, Biwmares a ‘Anglesey’s Historic Places’ has the Chaergybi. Mae ‘Mannau Hanesyddol island’s top 12 ‘must-see’ heritage Môn’ yn cyflwyno ‘dwsin difyr’ o sites and there’s also an island-wide safleoedd treftadaeth yr ynys a cheir trail for families to explore the most taflen i deuluoedd sy’n cynnwys y exciting places for kids. llefydd mwyaf cyffrous i blant ar yr ynys. The leaflets are available locally or Mae’r taflenni hyn ar gael yn yr ardal you can download them from: neu gallwch eu lawrlwytho o: www.angleseyheritage.com www.angleseyheritage.com For more information about Anglesey’s Os hoffech wybod rhagor am hanes history, visit Oriel Ynys Môn, the yr ynys, ewch i Oriel Ynys Môn, sef award-winning museum and art gallery amgueddfa ac oriel gelf arbennig ger at Llangefni. It’s a great place to find Llangefni. Mae’n lle gwych i ddysgu out about the island, past and present. am yr ynys ddoe a heddiw a cheir yno A popular café and shop make Oriel siop a chaffi poblogaidd i ddenu pobl Ynys Môn a great place to visit, whatever boed law neu hindda. Mae mynediad the weather. Admission is free and it am ddim ac mae ar agor bob dydd ac is open daily except at Christmas. eithrio adeg y Nadolig. Tel: 01248 724444. Ffôn: 01248 724444. www.anglesey.gov.uk www.ynysmon.gov.uk www.angleseyheritage.com www.angleseyheritage.com The Anglesey Guide Mae The Anglesey Guide - Môn Mam Cymru - is an - Môn Mam Cymru - yn excellent guide to the island. gyflwyniad gwych i’r ynys. It is available from Oriel Mae ar gael o Oriel Ynys Ynys Môn or from Môn neu o www.llyfrau-magma.co.uk www.llyfrau-magma.co.uk Designed & written by Anglezarke Dixon Associates and Red Kite Environment. Images supplied by Cadw, © Crown copyright (2012) Visit Wales, Photolibrary Wales & Mick Sharp. Wales Photolibrary Wales, Visit (2012) copyright © Crown Images Cadw, supplied by and Red Kite Environment. Associates Anglezarke Dixon by & written Designed From Stone Age to Copper Kingdom O Oes y Cerrig i’r Deyrnas Gopr Wales became the world’s first industrial nation by 1850, Erbyn 1850, Cymru oedd y genedl ddiwydiannol gyntaf yn reflecting a radical shift in where people worked. For the first time, y byd. Daeth hyn o ganlyniad i newid mawr mewn arferion more people worked in industry than in farming as a result of the Industrial gweithio. Am y tro cyntaf, o ganlyniad i’r Chwyldro Diwydiannol, roedd Revolution. Anglesey played an important role, with Parys Mountain being, for mwy o bobl yn gweithio mewn diwydiant nag ar y tir. Bu gan Ynys over 40 years, the world’s biggest producer of copper. The nearby town of Amlwch Môn ran bwysig i’w chwarae yn y Chwyldro hwnnw ac, am expanded rapidly and new quays were built at its port for ships exporting ore. dros 40 mlynedd, roedd Mynydd Parys yn cynhyrchu mwy o Quarrying was also important, producing stone for buildings and roads. gopr nag unman arall yn y byd. Tyfodd tref Amlwch gerllaw Seafaring has always been important on Anglesey. Small yn sydyn a chodwyd ceiau newydd yn y porthladd ar gyfer ports around the coast made it easy to move goods, llongau oedd yn allforio mwyn copr. Roedd y chwareli’n especially bulky stone and ore, before better bwysig hefyd, yn darparu cerrig ar gyfer adeiladu a transport in the nineteenth century boosted chreu ffyrdd. Anglesey’s industries. Thomas Telford’s Bu’r môr yn ffordd bwysig o deithio i bobl Môn famous London to Holyhead road made erioed. Roedd yn haws symud nwyddau, yn land journeys easier and quicker, and enwedig rai trwm fel cerrig a mwynau, o railways made the journeys even more borthladdoedd bychan yr ynys cyn i’r systemau efficient. They brought visitors too, giving teithio wella yn y 19eg ganrif gan roi hwb i Anglesey its new ddiwydiannau Môn. Daeth teithio ar y tir yn haws industry of ac yn gynt gyda dyfodiad ffordd enwog Thomas tourism. Telford o Lundain i Gaergybi ac roedd y rheilffordd yn ffordd hyd yn oed fwy effeithlon o deithio. Daeth y ffordd a’r rheilffordd ag ymwelwyr hefyd, gan gychwyn diwydiant twristiaeth yr ynys. come and discover dewch i ddarganfod Anglesey’s amazing stories straeon rhyfeddol Môn Origins Gwreiddiau Sacred Places Mannau Sanctaidd Anglesey is dotted with potent Ble bynnag y trown ar Ynys Môn, fe Christianity flourished in Anglesey Roedd Cristnogaeth yn ffynnu reminders of our ancestors. Hut welwn olion i’n hatgoffa o’n cyndadau. and west Wales in the fifth ym Môn a gorllewin circles and burial chambers give Mae cytiau crynion a siambrau and sixth centuries. Holy men, Cymru yn y bumed a’r glimpses of ancient life, and death, claddu yn rhoi cipolwg i ni ar fywyd, a hermits and monks established chweched ganrif. Daeth but some of the most mysterious marwolaeth, pobl ers talwm ond mae monasteries and churches, mynachod a meudwyaid i monuments are rhyw rin arbennig yn perthyn i’r meini influenced by Christians from sefydlu mynachlogydd ac standing stones. hirion. Bu llawer ohonynt, fel y rhai Rome, Spain and Ireland. eglwysi o dan ddylanwad Many have been here yn Llanfechell – yma ers dros 4000 o Tradition has it that St Cristnogion o Rufain, for over 4000 years, flynyddoedd. Does neb yn gwybod Padrig, or St. Patrick Sbaen ac Iwerddon. Yn like those at Llanfechell. beth oedd eu pwrpas seremonïol as he is known in ôl y traddodiad, daeth Their purpose for ond maent yn dal yn symbolau England, came to Sant Padrig i Ynys Môn ceremonies is long eiconig. Anglesey around tua 440 OC pan fu mewn forgotten, but they remain 440 AD, when he was llongddrylliad ar ei Dilynwch y stori: iconic symbols. shipwrecked off the ffordd yn ôl o ynys Iona. Din Lligwy north coast, returning Follow the story: Siambr gladdu sydd yma Dilynwch y stori: from the island of Iona. Din Lligwy ers 5000 o flynyddoedd a Eglwys Llanbadrig phentref ers 2000. 5000 year old burial chamber Follow the story: a sefydlwyd gan Sant Padrig Llanfechell and 2000 year old village. Llanbadrig Church o bosib. Meini hirion o’r Oes Llanfechell possibly founded by St Patrick. Eglwys Llaneilian Efydd. Bronze Age standing stones. Llaneilian Church lle byddai pererinion yn dod yn Dinas Gynfor Bryngaer Dinas Gynfor medieval pilgrimage destination. y canoloesoedd. Iron Age fort. o’r Oes Haearn Industrious Anglesey Môn Ddiwydiannol Anglesey folk are famous for their natural resources – salted herrings Mae pobl Môn yn enwog am Mining Company, ac yn enwedig i’r seafaring skills. Local ships and men were produced at Cemaes, porcelain eu gallu i hwylio’r moroedd. Cadeirydd, Thomas Williams, oedd travelled far and wide across the at Porth LLanlleiana and bricks at Bu llongau a morwyr lleol yn cael ei alw’n Frenin Copr. Roedd seven seas. Shipbuilding became Porth Wen. yn teithio ar hyd a lled y diwydiannau eraill yn elwa ar bob an important island industry in the moroedd. Tua dechrau’r math o adnoddau naturiol – roedd Follow the story: early 1800s, when sailing ships were 1800au, dechreuwyd penwaig hallt yn cael eu cynhyrchu Parys Mountain copper mine. built at Porth Amlwch for the copper adeiladu llongau hwylio ym yng Nghemaes, porslen ym Mhorth Amlwch Port harbour and Copper trade. Lighthouses and lifeboats Kingdom. Mhorth Amlwch ar gyfer y Llanlleiana a brics ym Mhorth Wen. have been important too, the fasnach gopr a daeth hynny’n Porth Wen abandoned Dilynwch y stori: turbulent waters that surround the ddiwydiant pwysig. Bu brickworks. Mynydd Parys island have brought many voyages Porth Llanlleiana derelict goleudai a badau achub yn Mwynglawdd copr. to an untimely end. china clay works. bwysig hefyd. Mae’r dyfroedd Porth Amlwch Harbwr Point Lynas unusual brochus ar lannau’r ynys wedi a’r Deyrnas Gopr. Parys Mountain near Amlwch lighthouse. dod â sawl mordaith i ben yn Porth Wen Hen waith brics. was Anglesey’s most important Cemaes industrial and fishing gynamserol. Porth Llanlleiana industrial site in the late 1700s. harbour and village. Hen waith clai llestri sy’n segur erbyn hyn. Copper was mined here, bringing Mynydd Parys ger Amlwch Moelfre lifeboat station and Trwyn Eilian Goleudy anghyffredin. riches to the Parys Mining Company, Seawatch Centre. oedd safle diwydiannol Cemaes Harbwr diwydiannol a physgota, especially to Chairman Thomas pwysicaf Môn yn niwedd y a phentref. Williams, who became known as 1700au. Roedd copr yn cael Moelfre Gwylfan a gorsaf bad achub. the Copper King. Others industries ei gloddio yno gan ddod exploited a wide range of other â chyfoeth mawr i’r Parys Neolithic people Copper first Local tribes build Iron First Roman invasion Islanders living in St. Padrig arrives Vikings attack Nave and chancel of raise standing stones mined at Age hillforts such as of Anglesey, many stone houses at in Anglesey Anglesey, capturing Llaneilian church at Llanfechell. Parys Mountain. Dinas Gynfor. Druids massacred. Din Lligwy. – fact or fiction? land and people. built. 2500-2000BC/CC 2000-1700BC/CC 600BC/CC AD60OC AD100OC AD100OC 850-987 1480 Pobl neolithig yn Dechrau cloddio Llwythau lleol yn codi bryn- Y Rhufeiniaid yn ymosod Ynyswyr yn byw Sant Padrig yn Y Llychlynwyr yn Adeiladu corff codi meini hirion am gopr ar gaerydd fel Dinas Gynfor ar Fôn am y tro cyntaf gan mewn tai cerrig cyrraedd Ynys ymosod ar Ynys Môn a changell yn Llanfechell.
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