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OHIO the Archaeological Society of Ohio RCHAEOLOGIST VOLUME 21 NUMBER 4 FALL 1971 Published by THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF OHIO The Archaeological Society of Ohio Officers President - Jack Hooks, R. D. 5, Mansfield, Ohio 44903 1972 Vice President - Ed R. Hughes, 121 E. Russell Ave., West Lafayette, Ohio 1972 Executive Secretary - Larry Cronkleton, 1337 Cambrian Ct., Columbus, Ohio 43220 . 1972 Recording Secretary - Dana Baker — Box 157, Mt. Victory, Ohio 43340 1972 Treasurer - Kenneth Goodman, 2528 Swansea Rd., Columbus, Ohio 43221 1972 Editor - Robert N. Converse, 199 Converse Drive, Plain City, Ohio 43064 1974 Technical Advisor — Dr. Raymond S. Baby, The Ohio Historical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210 1972 Trustees Leonard H. Brown, R. D. 3, Newcomerstown, Ohio 43832 1972 Dorothy L. Good, 15 Civic Drive, Grove City, Ohio 43123 1972 Alva McGraw, R. D. 2, Chillicothe, Ohio 45601 1972 Ensil Chadwick, R. D. 3, Mt. Vernon, Ohio 43050 1974 Wayne A. Mortine, Scott Drive, Oxford Hgts. Newcomerstown, Ohio 43832 1974 Ray Tanner, 1815 Williams, Norwood Branch, Cincinnati, Ohio 45212 1974 Editorial Staff and Publications Committee Editor - Robert N. Converse, 199 Converse Drive, Plain City, Ohio 43064 Associate Editor — Martha A. Potter, The Ohio Historical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210 Regional Collaborators Richard Patterson, 519 Front St., Marietta, Ohio 45750 David W. Kuhn, 3222 Scioto Trail, Portsmouth, Ohio 45662 Myers Campbell, 205 Mt. Pleasant St., Mingo Junction, Ohio 43938 Carl B. Dunn, 120 Crescent Court, Bucyrus, Ohio 44820 Charles Stout Sr., 91 Redbank Drive, Fairborn, Ohio 45324 Jeff Carskadden, 2686 Carol Drive, Zanesville, Ohio 43701 Elmer H. Grimm, 7123 N. Murray Ridge Rd., Elyria, Ohio 44035 Olaf H. Prufer, Department of Anthropology, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240 Jerry Hastings, R. D. 1, Box 4114A-1, Ironton, Ohio 45638 Claude Britt, Jr., 3401 N. Columbus, 26H, Tucson, Arizona 85716 Kenneth Goodman, 2528 Swansea Rd., Columbus, Ohio 43221 Leonard H. Brown, R. D. 3, Newcomerstown, Ohio 43832 Ray Tanner, 1815 Williams, Norwood Branch, Cincinnati, Ohio 45212 EDITORIAL OFFICE BUSINESS OFFICE 199 Converse Drive 1150 Virginia Ave. Plain City, Ohio 43064 Columbus, Ohio 43212 Membership and Dues Annual dues to the Archaeological Society of Ohio are payable on the first of January as follows: Regular membership $5.00; Husband and wife (one copy of publication) $6.00; Sustain­ ing $25.00. Funds are used for publishing the "Ohio Archaeologist". The Archaeological Society of Ohio is an incorporated non-profit organization and has no paid officers or employees. The "Ohio Archaeologist" is published quarterly and subscription is included in the membership dues. Back Issues Back issues of the Ohio Archaeologist may be purchased at the following prices. ISSUE SEND TO: Ohio Flint Types — $3.50 per copy 199 Converse Drive, Plain City, Ohio 43064 Ohio Stone Tools - $2.00 per copy 199 Converse Drive, Plain City, Ohio 43064 All other back issues — $1.50 per copy 1150 Virginia Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43212 Make all checks or money orders payable to the Archaeological Society of Ohio Ohio Slate Types — $5.00 per copy 1150 Virginia Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43212 OHIO ARCHAEOLOGIST VOLUME 21 NUMBER 4 FALL 1971 1 Contents ' Editor's Page 2 A Fort Ancient Effigy Pipe 3 A Danish Dagger 4 Physical Determination of the Variety of Quartz in Artifacts 5 Artifacts from the Ochsner Collection 7 The McGraw Garden Site: An Earth Resistivity Survey Experiment 8 A Sandstone Effigy Pipe 14 A Notched Bipennate from Northern Ohio 14 Fluted Ax Fragment from Hamilton County 15 The Southeastern Ceremonial Complex in Northern Ohio 16 Scioto-McGraw 1^ A Fluted Point from Knox County 20 Artifacts from the Collection of Max Shipley 21 A New Bifurcated Point for Ohio 25 Personal Finds from Wayne County 26 A Sandstone Spool 27 The First People Here Left It 28 A Rare Bat Effigy Pipe 29 A Further Note on Fractured Base Points 30 Book Review Mr. Gilbert W. Dilley Elected Ohio Historical Society President 34 Awards 35 Necrology 3° FRONT COVER The frog was a favorite motif among Fort Ancient pipes. This small sandstone pipe is the sculpture of the frog in a lifelike sitting attitude and is carved in the full round. The sandstone from which it is made is a dark orange brown in color. It was found in northern Pike County just across the Ross County line and is now in the collection of Dr. Gordon Meuser of Columbus, Ohio. 1 Editor's Page A curious aspect about the science of Ohio, including classic Adena and Hopewell Archaeology is that as soon as one question is types far from their centers in southern Ohio? answered and one fact proved it immediately For many years archaeologists have been brings to mind a hundred new questions puzzled by the absence of village sites close to which cannot be answered. Like the Hydra of the large earthworks. Current theory that the mythology, when one head was cut off two Hopewellians, for example, lived in small grew back in its place. Although we seemingly family farming groups brings up many know a great deal about the archaeological interesting questions. This theory implies a picture in Ohio there are a number of sophisticated communications network unanswered questions. wherein these groups could be easily Much has been learned about the assembled at some central location in Paleo-lndian in the last ten years from the numbers sufficient to construct large work done by Prufer and Baby, but as yet a earthworks of the magnitude of those at kill site has not been found in Ohio or east of Newark or Fort Ancient. Even if this implied the Mississippi. Mastodons have been found congregation of Hopewellians came about, over many parts of Ohio, some under very where did they stay during the time the favorable circumstances, and yet we have not mounds were built without leaving some the slightest clue by artifact association that material evidence of their presence? As any our eastern Paleo-lndians hunted these or any surface hunter can tell you, hunting near large other extinct animals — this in spite of the mound locations is not particularly rewarding. large numbers of fluted points found in our And what of the Intrusive Mound culture, state. an elusive group who came into Uhio after the Probably the largest void in Ohio demlSe1 OT ihe i-iopewell culture ana DuriecT archaeology is the Archaic period. Although tlmll UHdU In llin Lups^ uf*bxl§tmg HopewgIL - Archaic artifacts have been found over Ohio monnds? ineir origin was appamntiy iTTthe" by the thousands, and Archaic man made our Ne"W York area and yet few traces of them are state his home for many thousands of years, found between New York and southern Ohio. his burials are a rarity in the extreme and At the close of the Hopewell period a burial associated artifacts almost unheard of. number of hilltop fortifications were It seems impossible that prehistoric groups of constructed from Licking County people could live here for so long and leave southwesterly to Hamilton County. Many of only scattered stone artifacts as evidence of these works are enormous in size and were their passing. undoubtedly built as refuges from attack. At We know very little about the Glacial Kame about the same time smaller, but similar, people and why they inhabited only the fortifications were being built along the northwest portion of our state. We don't southern shore of Lake Erie. But against know why some of their dead were buried whom were they defending themselves? The with rich burial offerings while others were disparity between Carbon 14 dates for carelessly or haphazardly interred. There have Hopewell and Fort Ancient would apparently been literally hundreds of burials found in eliminate contact between the two peoples. some locations without a single artifact. It has This time gap is supposedly filled by the Late been assumed for some time that because of Woodland period. But evidence for Late the rare incidence of pottery with Glacial Woodland is scanty and scattered in Ohio and Kame burials that this period fits somewhere not well understood. between Late Archaic and Early Woodlana. If These and many more questions may mis 7s t^Ue Tfleh wnat. happened to them in someday be answered. But perhaps a new later periods? And why are some of their shell look at Ohio archaeology is needed — one gorgets identical with those of later Hopewell with a fresh outlook unhindered by while other artifacts are totally dissimilar? preconcieved ideas or theories advanced thirty Why is the great bulk of slate artifacts found or forty years ago. in the Glacial Kame area of northwestern Robert N. Converse, Editor. A Fort Ancient Effigy Pipe by Robert N. Converse Plain City, Ohio This finely made pipe was found on the original sandstone strata. This layer is much Shearer farm in Union County, Ohio many harder and may take its color and hardness years ago. Although broken around most of from iron pigments. the circumference of the rim from ancient The carving itself is excellently done with damage, the balance of the piece is relatively deeply incised lines depicting the eyes, in tact and unmarked. It is, in the authors mouth, and the weeping eye design. The opinion, one of the best carved pipes of its nostrils and upper lip furrow are also shown type he has seen and an excellent example of by less deeply incised markings. The bowl, Fort Ancient sculpture. which was originally about IY2 inches wide, is Larger than many human effigy pipes oval shaped and smooth. In the back is the portraying the head alone, it measures over connecting stem hole which is conical and 31/2 inches at its widest point and over 3 about 7/8 inch wide.
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