FAR RIGHT TERROR GOES GLOBAL MAGAZINE RELAUNCHED L More Pages L More Exclusives ESSENTIAL READING from the UK’S LEADING ANTI-FASCIST CAMPAIGN
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STATE OF HATE 2020 FAR RIGHT TERROR GOES GLOBAL MAGAZINE RELAUNCHED l more pages l more exclusives ESSENTIAL READING FROM THE UK’S LEADING ANTI-FASCIST CAMPAIGN Providing a positive antidote Providing a positive antidote to hate and intolerance to hate and intolerance hopenothate.org.uk hopenothate.org.uk EXTREME WEATHER EXTREME DENIAL 2020: in search ofhope EXTREME POLITICS Price £7.00 Issue 41 – Winter 2019-20 Price £7.00 Issue 40 – Autumn 2019 SUBSCRIBE NOW hopenothate.org.uk/magazine £25 / year (quarterly) DON’T MISS YOUR COPY STATE OF HATE 2020 Editor: Nick Lowles Deputy editor: Nick Ryan Sub-editor: Jemma Levene Contributors: Rosie Carter Matthew Collins Gregory Davis Patrik Hermansson David Lawrence Joe Mulhall Simon Murdoch Liron Velleman HOPE not hate Ltd PO Box 61382 SUBSCRIBE NOW London N19 9EQ Registered office: Suite 1, 3rd Floor, 11-12 St. James’s Square, London SW1Y 4LB hopenothate.org.uk/magazine United Kingdom Tel.: +44 (207) 9521181 £25 / year (quarterly) www.hopenothate.org.uk @hope.n.hate @hopenothate HOPE not hate @hopenothate DON’T MISS YOUR COPY HOPE not hate | 3 STATE OF HATE 2020 CONTENTS SECTION 1 – OVERVIEW P6 SECTION 3 – TERRORISM P24 Livestreamed Terror 26 Terrorgram Network 30 2019 Far-Right Terrorists 34 A Case To Ban The O9A 35 Editorial: An Evolving Threat 6 Investigation: Order of Nine Angles 36 Executive Summary 8 Inside Iron March 42 Combat 18: Old School Threat 48 SECTION 2 – ESSAYS P10 C18 International 50 Worldwide Overview of Hate 12 C18’s Catalogue of Terror 54 European Map 16 Inspiring Nazi Terror 55 Hate Crimes in the UK 18 Death of Britain’s Postwar Far Right? 20 SECTION 4 – ONLINE HATE P56 British Far Right: YouTubers 58 Deplatforming Works 60 Trends in UK Online Islamophobia 64 4 | HOPE not hate CONTENTS SECTION 5 – GROUPS/INDIVIDUAL PROFILES 68 SECTION 6 – CONSPIRACY THEORIES P106 Stephen Yaxley-Lennon’s Steady Fall 70 Conspiracy Theories: the Danger and the Appeal 108 Post-National Action Nazi Terrorist Groups 72 Conspiracy Polling 110 Nazi Groups 74 The Lie Machine 112 Far-Right Groups 76 Notable Conspiracy Theorists 116 Paul Golding: The Comeback Kid? 78 Far-Right Parties 79 The Populist Radical Right 80 Identitarians 82 Yellow Vest Protestors 84 2019 Demonstrations 85 Street Groups 86 Anti-Muslim Figures 87 Far-right Discussion Groups 88 SECTION 7 – MAINSTREAM POISON 118 Right-Wing Alternative Media 90 Labour and Antisemitism: Another Year of Trouble 120 The Alt-Right 92 Islamophobia in the Conservative Party: The Alt-Lite 95 A Year in Review 123 Publishers 98 Revealed: Islamophobia Among Tory Officials 126 Holocaust Deniers 100 The Manosphere 102 Manosphere in the Classroom 104 SECTION 8 – RELIGIOUS SECTARIANISM 128 Preaching Hate 130 The Birmingham Schools Protests 134 HOPE not hate | 5 STATE OF HATE 2020 EDITORIAL: AN EVOLVING THREAT The decline of the traditional far right has been BY NICK LOWLES happening for some time. As far back as 1999 the British National Party recognised that its strong racist WELCOME TO our new 2020 State of Hate report, our and anti-immigrant message had decreasing traction annual review on the state and nature of Britain’s far in a multicultural society where some non-whites were right, analysing the threat it presents to our nation. already second or third generation British. The report – one of our most extensive to date – However, this decline has been quickened by the reveals that there are reasons to be hopeful, but emergence of the internet and the rapidly evolving sadly many reasons to be fearful, too. digital landscape, plus the loosening ties between Our report headlines with two, seemingly political parties and people, which has given us all a far contradictory propositions. The traditional far right wider choice to move between causes and campaigns. is at the weakest it has been for possibly 50 years The far right has also been constrained by police or more – but at the same time hatred is becoming action and social media deplatforming. Leaders increasingly mainstreamed. of many of the more violent far-right groups have The other key focus of State of Hate this year is the been imprisoned, while the action of some social continuing rise of the far-right terror threat, which media companies to limit hate speech has massively continues to be a threat both at home – with thwarted curtailed the ability of far-right figures to reach plots and numerous arrests – but more significantly is audiences and raise money. taking on a more global nature and identity, following When Facebook closed down Stephen Yaxley-Lennon’s high-profile attacks in places like New Zealand, the [Tommy Robinson’s] page, he lost his ability to reach USA and Germany. over one million followers. When far-right party Britain First was taken off Facebook, it lost access to an We should be vigilant against further terrorism audience of over two million. While both moved onto attempts from the extreme right, which currently the encrypted messaging app Telegram, they can remain a significant threat. now reach only a fraction of their previous audiences, Our report also explains the current weaknesses of the hampering their visibility and – just as importantly – traditional far right. There are fewer organisations than their ability to raise funds. ever before and those that do exist have been less But it has been Brexit that has really quickened the active and smaller over the past year. There is actually far right decline. Brexit has dominated the political only one far-right group that can be considered to discourse over the past three years and the traditional be growing: all the others are in decline or have far-right organisations have struggled to get their disappeared altogether. issues heard amid the Brexit roar. Figures such as Yaxley-Lennon tried to jump aboard the Brexit MAINSTREAMING HATE bandwagon, but after admitting that he hadn’t actually voted in the EU Referendum, he struggled to have any Language and messaging that was once the preserve meaningful impact beyond complaining about Muslims of the far right is now increasingly adopted by the and his own sense of persecution. political mainstream. Last summer, Nigel Farage’s Brexit Party was formed Anti-Muslim prejudice, demeaning rhetoric on and topped the poll in the European elections all migrants and refugees, and notions of a ‘cultural war’ within two months. Along the way it claimed to have against social liberalism are increasingly being adopted recruited 150,000 supporters and millions in donations. by political and media figures from an increasingly However, almost as quickly as it emerged it sunk, as confident political right. Boris Johnson promised to deliver what Farage could This is partly the consequence of the far right only dream about. engaging in wider cultural and identity issues, but also because centre-right politicians have tried to embrace far-right narratives to win support. A CALL TO BAN Who really needs far-right propagandists when you There is a heavy emphasis in this report on the have more mainstream commentators like Rod Liddle, continuing threat of far-right terrorism. Twelve far- Richard Littlejohn, Toby Young and James Delingpole right activists were convicted of terrorism-related all weighing into the fray? charges last year, and 10 more are already facing trial The ‘cordon sanitaire’ which once kept far-right this year. groups and thought out of mainstream discourse has The material being circulated by groups such as the collapsed, both here and on the Continent. Sonnenkrieg Division and the Feuerkrieg Division is Belgium’s King Philippe has held an official meeting at truly horrific and far worse than anything we would the Royal Palace with the head of the far-right Vlaams have seen in previous far-right groups. More worryingly, Belang party. It is the first time a Belgian monarch these groups are deliberately targeting and attracting has met a far-right leader since 1936. In Germany, a young people. significant group of Christian Democrat politicians In this report we set out the case for the Home have called for a deal with the far-right Alternative for Secretary to proscribe a terror-fomenting group, the Germany party. Nazi-Satanist organisation the Order of Nine Angles 6 | HOPE not hate SECTION 1 – OVERVIEW (O9A). While we applaud the decision to ban National Far-right terror attacks in New Zealand, the US and Action splinter groups, such as Sonnenkrieg Division, Germany all followed a similar theme. Manifestos we are mystified why a group that has so consistently were written and uploaded ahead of time, sometimes advocated terrorism, inspired far-right and Islamist announcements of impending attacks were made and terrorists in the past, and been linked to four most of the terrorists tried to livestream their atrocities.. people convicted of terrorism last year, is still allowed With a far-right terrorist MO emerging, we are to operate. unfortunately likely to see more of these types of One of the most disturbing features of the violent attacks in the future. wing of the far right has been its increasing adoption of sexual violence as a political tool. Domestic abuse, rape and even incest has been openly encouraged. NO ROOM FOR COMPLACENCY Much of this originates with the O9A, which, as we The mainstreaming of the far right poses serious expose in this report, runs horrendous groups such challenges for both ourselves, the authorities, as ‘RapeWaffen’. minorities, educators and wider society. It is far easier to challenge the hate of a small CULTURAL WAR group, especially when its views are considered The far right are enthusiastic and extreme participants unacceptable by the mainstream, than is the case in the culture war and have successfully sought to now – when Islamophobia is on the rise (including portray themselves as victims of political correctness, inside the governing party), antisemitism is the liberal establishment and gender equality.