Testimony of Dr. Ajit Singh, Queens' College to the Devlin

Appendix A: Testimony of Dr. Ajit Singh, Queens’ College to the Devlin Enquiry on the Sit-In in Cambridge University in February 1972

3 June 1972. Lord Devlin, High Steward of Cambridge University “Report on the Sit-in in February 1972 and its Consequences”, Cambridge University Reporter Wednesday, 14 February 1973, Vol CIII, Special No. 12; 84p.

Background facts. When, where, the meetings immediately prior and leading up to the sit-in Lord Devlin took evidence in hearings and submissions on 1, 2 and 3 June in Cambridge. NB: Day One was 1 June. On Day Two, 2 June, in Speech and Evidence, p.41, Lord Devlin says: “Tere is one other possible witness in connection with that incident and that is Dr Singh. Dr Singh was a member of the Faculty Board and who made the initial speech. I think I might ask Mr Whittaker to write to him or to contact him and to ask him whether

© Te Editor(s) (if applicable) and Te Author(s), under exclusive license 339 to Springer Nature Switzerland AG, part of Springer Nature 2019 A. Saith, Ajit Singh of Cambridge and Chandigarh, Palgrave Studies in the History of Economic Tought, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12422-9 340 Appendix A: Testimony of Dr. Ajit Singh, Queens’ College … he may wish to give evidence or not, because he may be able to throw some light, again, on the connection between the two proceedings”. John Barnes and Robert Neild gave their testimonies on 3 June; Ajit comes later, #83, but overnight, Ajit seems to have prepared the detailed and complex document that follows — clearly something rubbed of from being around his father, the High Court judge. Jo recalls that Ajit was completed focussed and worked overnight to produce his written testimony, the high quality of which apparently was much appreciated by Lord Devlin. Ajit Singh’s Submission. 7 pages of typescript; in Proceedings of the Devlin Enquiry, Cambridge University Archives, Devlin Enquiry Report and Papers; GBR/0265/Devlin, 1972–1973. 3 June 1972.

The Submission

Background to the Economics Faculty Board’s Proposals for Examination Reform and the General Board’s Reaction to Tem

Te Faculty Board of Economics has, for the last three years, been actively considering the question of improving methods of assessment in the Faculty. Te matter in all its aspects was frst considered in a Joint Staf–Student Committee (known as the Kaldor-Rivers-Moore Committee), of which I was a member, during the Lent and Easter Terms of 1969. Tis Committee submitted two interim reports, including an important and substantial one which contained statistical analysis of the discrepancies between frst and second reader’s marks in the Tripos examinations. It also submitted, in 1970, a very full fnal report which made specifc recommendations for changes in the Faculty’s methods of assessment. Tis report and its recommendations were the subjects of long discussion over the next year and a half in open staf– student meetings of the Faculty, in the Faculty Board, at the Conference of Lecturers and in various subcommittees appointed by the Board. I took an active part in all these discussions. Appendix A: Testimony of Dr. Ajit Singh, Queens’ College … 341

Tese matters came to ahead in the Michaelmas Term of 1971, since there was, by then, a widespread feeling, both among junior members and among many senior members, that discussion had gone on long enough and that some reforms ought actually to be imple- mented as soon as possible. However, another important subcommittee was appointed during that term, consisting of Professor Reddaway (Chairman), Professor Kaldor and myself (with powers to co-opt) to report on the question of the possibility of a Part II examination by dissertations alone (see Faculty Board Minute 391/8, dated 8th November, 1971). In the event, this subcommittee worked very hard and produced a unanimous report which was accepted at a specially convened meeting of the Faculty Board held on 29 November 1971. (See Faculty Board Minute 392/3 dated 29th November 1971.) It was the general feeling at this meeting that every efort should be made to implement the reforms during the academic year 1972–1973, as envisaged in the detailed time- table given in the Reddaway report (Faculty Board document 392/3). With this end in view, it was felt that the matter should be pursued during the Christmas Vacation and “that a letter setting out the proposals in full, stating the reasons for the changes proposed, should be sent to the General Board of the Faculties in time for their meeting on 12th January” (Faculty Board Minute 392/3, dated 29th November 1971). A subcommittee consisting of the Chairman, the Secretary, Dr. Feinstein (or Dr. Heal) and myself was appointed to draw up this letter. We met during the vacation and Professor Stone (the Chairman) wrote on behalf of the Faculty Board on 23 December 1971 to the Secretary General of the Faculties setting out “the precise nature of our proposals and the intentions behind them”. Professor Stone’s letter also said that: “I am writing this letter to you in the vacation in the hope that it may be possible for the General Board to consider it when it meets again on 12th January and to let us know what further documentation will be required to implement these proposals”. I should also like to point out in this connection that this was not the frst time the General Board had heard of the matter. Te minutes of the Faculty Board meetings for the Michaelmas term (at almost every one of which meetings the question of examination reform had been discussed) were available to the General Board. I also helped to prepare 342 Appendix A: Testimony of Dr. Ajit Singh, Queens’ College … a briefng for Mr. R. F. Bennett, the General Board representative for Group II of the Faculties (there is, incidentally, no economist currently serving on that Board), so that he could speak to proposals concerning classing in Part I (See the enclosed letter dated 12 November 1971 from the Secretary of the Faculty Board of Economics to myself). It is in this context that one must view the General Board’s letter of 17 January 1972, which replies to Professor Stone’s letter of 23 December 1971. Many of us on the Faculty Board, particularly the younger members, were very much dismayed by the peremptory and dismissive tone of the letter and by its apparent practical implications (see below). Te General Board had not asked for any further documentation in support of our case, as was ofered in Professor Stone’s letter; nor did it invite any member of the Faculty Board of Economics to speak to these proposals at its meetings. Instead it fatly stated that it did not agree with some of our major proposals without giving adequate reasons or justifcation. I should like to stress here that these proposals were not refused because of practical difculties of implementation. For instance, a major proposal—the one concerning examination by dissertations alone—was ruled out in principle with the following comment: “… the Board consider an examination consisting entirely of dissertations to be inappropriate for undergraduates”. No justifcation was ofered for this assertion. It is not necessary here to go into a detailed analysis of the General Board’s letter; what is relevant is what we felt at the time to be its practical implications. Whatever the legal and constitutional status of the letter, it had two efective consequences. Firstly, it was quite clear to us on the Faculty Board that in view of the General Board’s opposition, any possibility of the examination reform proposals coming into efect in the academic year 1972–1973 was virtually ruled out. Tis was naturally a source of great disappointment to many of us, and particularly to the junior members. Secondly, some senior members of the Faculty Board who had originally supported the proposals now felt that in view of the General Board’s frm opposition, the Faculty’s Appendix A: Testimony of Dr. Ajit Singh, Queens’ College … 343 proposals had very little chance of acceptance by the University as a whole, and that we should just accept the very limited reforms which were ofered. However, it was argued by myself and by a majority of the other members of the Board that, even though we recognized that the chances of our ultimate success were small, we should at least ask the General Board to give adequate reasons for its refusal of our proposal. In our view, nothing had been said in the General Board’s letter which ought to make us change our mind about the principles of our original proposals, over which there had already been a series of inev- itable compromises during the three years of discussion. (A perusal of the Faculty Board minute 394/3 dated 31st January 1972, as amended by minute 395/1 dated 14th February 1972, will give Lord Devlin some favour of the Faculty Board’s reactions to the General Board’s letter.) It has been argued by the General Board that in fact it has no ultimate power and that constitutionally speaking it is merely a screening device, and that the Faculty is free to go directly to the University as a whole over the head of the General Board. Although this is constitutionally correct, the realities of the situation are very diferent. Tere have been very few instances where, on issues of Tripos or examination reform, a Faculty Board’s proposals have been accepted by the Regent House in the face of the General Board’s opposition. And the result of this, as no doubt many senior members with longer experience of the University’s afairs than myself would be willing to testify, has often been that, knowing this to be the situation, the Faculties have trimmed their proposals in accordance with the General Board’s position. Tis in any case was the context in which many of us on the Faculty Board reacted to the General Board’s letter at this time. To sum up, there was very great disappointment and dismay among many members of the Faculty Board at the dismissive nature of the General Board’s reply to the Faculty’s proposals. In practical terms, it was felt to constitute a rejection of these proposals, although many of us were willing to soldier on, despite the fact that we were not at all hopeful about he outcome. 344 Appendix A: Testimony of Dr. Ajit Singh, Queens’ College …

What I Said at the Meeting

In view of the Notice by the Council of the Senate (Reporter, p. 575), which gives what I and many other senior members regard as a misleading account in paras. 2 (a) and 2 (b) of the meeting held in the Lady Mitchell Hall on Tursday 3 February 1972, it is important to provide some account of the background to, and nature of this meeting. It was an ofcial staf–student termly meeting of the Faculty of Economics and Politics, approved by the Faculty Board, and notice of it had been given to all members of the Faculty. It was chaired, as is the usual practice, by Dr. Heal, the Student Liaison Ofcer appointed by the Faculty Board, and by two student representatives. Tese meetings are normally attended by both junior and senior members of the Faculty and it is also normal for both junior and senior members to speak at such meetings and to participate in the discussion. I have myself frequently spoken at such meetings in the past. It is true that there were many other people present at this meeting who were not members of the Economics Faculty. I understand that they were invited to attend the meeting by the Student Committee without consulting Dr. Heal. I should, nevertheless, like to stress that I, and as far as I know other senior members, attended this meeting on the assumption that it was an ofcial staf–student meeting of the Economics Faculty. I should also like to state categorically that I had no foreknowledge that this meeting would lead to a sit-in. Less than an hour before the meeting, I was requested by a member of the Faculty’s Student Committee to speak to a motion concerning the General Board’s reply to the Economics Faculty’s proposals. Tis was in fact the frst time that I had seen the agenda sheet. I agreed to speak since I had been a member of almost all the committees which had been concerned with these issues in the Faculty during the previous three years and was consequently in a good position to give the necessary background to the proposals. In the event, I was the frst speaker at this meeting. I spoke for 10–15 minutes and gave a straightforward factual account of the discussion in the various committees which led up to the reform proposals and I briefy discussed Appendix A: Testimony of Dr. Ajit Singh, Queens’ College … 345 the nature and educational signifcance of the proposals themselves. I then dealt with the General Board’s reply to these proposals in their letter of 17 January 1972. I pointed out its logical faws, regretted its tone and the lack of understanding of the proposals which it exhib- ited, and what I regarded as its efective rejection of the proposals. I concluded by saying that I was very sorry that the General Board had taken the position which they had, but that I hoped very much that they would reconsider their position. Te speech, as many junior and senior members present will vouch for, was very restrained, almost to the point of pedantry. Tis speech was made from the microphone at the podium, and after making it, I resumed my seat in the middle of the hall.

What I Did Subsequently

I took no part in the discussion of any of the other motions which were on the agenda. Several junior and senior members spoke to these motions. I did not vote on any subsequent motion. During the last part of the meeting there was a call for militant action by some students. At this point Dr. Heal quite rightly stressed the constitutional position concerning the General Board’s letter and said that it was still open to the Faculty to pursue the matter through other constitutional channels. Tis in my view was a clear statement and removed any ambiguity which there might have been in some minds about this point. However, I was struck by the fact that at this point a student asked Dr. Heal quite bluntly what he thought were the chances of success if these channels were taken. Dr. Heal replied that he would not wish to comment on this point. I must point out that I myself, in all honesty, could not have given a more hopeful answer to this question than that given by Dr. Heal. In any case, there were other members of the Faculty Board present, particularly Professors Stone and Neild, who were sitting in the front row and who were therefore in a better position to intervene and to give a more hopeful answer if they felt able to do so. 346 Appendix A: Testimony of Dr. Ajit Singh, Queens’ College …

Finally, in relation to the question of the Senior Proctor’s speech at the very end, I should like to state that my recollection tallies with that of Professor Barnes and that I would like to associate myself with the contents of his letter dated 25 February to the Vice Chancellor, a copy of which he was kind enough to send me. I did not proceed from the Lady Mitchell Hall to the Old Schools with the students, but returned to the Faculty. At 5.30 p.m. that after- noon I received a phone call requesting me to participate in a ‘teach-in’ on assessment at the Old Schools, where the students were at that time ‘sitting-in’. I said that I was not prepared to come unless the Proctors stated that they had no objections. Subsequently, with the permission of the Proctors, I went to the Old Schools at about 8.30 p.m. Tere were about 200 students there and several senior members. I spoke on the general them of “assessment”, the need for it, its purposes, etc. Other senior members also made speeches. I left at about 9.30 p.m., immediately after my speech. I went there again the next day at about 5.00 p.m. and stayed for about 5 minutes. At that time, some 50 students were present, discussing a manifesto.

End of written submission by Dr. Ajit Singh Appendix B: Dr. Ajit Singh’s Submission to the University General Board’s Committee to Review the Department of Applied Economics 17 October 1985

[Te Submission is introduced by a covering letter, dated 17 October 1985, to Dr K.J.R. Edwards, Secretary General of the Faculties, Te Old Schools, Cambridge.]

Covering Letter From: Ajit Singh, M.A., Ph.D. (Berkeley, Calif.) Queens’s College Fellow and Director of Studies in Economics Cambridge CB3 9ET Tel (0223) 65511

Dr. K.J.R. Edwards, 17th October, 1985 Secretary General of the Faculties The Old Schools, Cambridge

© Te Editor(s) (if applicable) and Te Author(s), under exclusive license 347 to Springer Nature Switzerland AG, part of Springer Nature 2019 A. Saith, Ajit Singh of Cambridge and Chandigarh, Palgrave Studies in the History of Economic Tought, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12422-9 348 Appendix B: Dr. Ajit Singh’s Submission …

Dear Dr Edwards DAE Review I am extremely sorry that because of my absence abroad during vacation I have not been able to respond earlier to your letter of 5 August, 1985 about the review of the Department of Applied Economics. I hope very much that this delayed response will not hinder the work of the Committee. With regard to the Committee’s questions mentioned on page 2 of your letter, on (1) I have no objection to the notes of interview with the previous Committee being passed on to the new Committee. You will, however, recall that most of the interview dealt with the frst stage of the review. In particular the matters discussed in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of the interview notes have been resolved by the University’s acceptance of the new structure of the Committee of Management, Appointments Committee etc. following the General Board’s report. It will, therefore, not be useful to burden the new Committee with these matters again. But, paragraph 4 does remain relevant and I discuss that more fully in my enclosed submission with respect to the terms of reference of the new Committee. If the Committee has any questions about this submission, or want me to provide further details about any of the points, I should be very happy either to appear before the Committee or provide such information in writing. My apologies once again to the Committee for the delay in submitting this reply. Yours sincerely, Ajit Singh (signed)

Paragraph 4 of the notes of his interview, to which Ajit draws attention in his letter, states: Appendix B: Dr. Ajit Singh’s Submission … 349

He [Ajit Singh] told us [the Review Committee] that the standing of the DAE in the outside world e.g. USA, is as high now as ever it was under Reddaway and that the sociological work in the Department also has a high reputation outside Cambridge. [Notes of Meeting of the General Board’s Committee to Review the Department of Applied Economics, 29 November 1984; the Notes are dated 4 December 1984, and refer to the interviews with Frank Hahn, Robert Rowthorn and Ajit Singh.]

The General Board’s Committee to Review the Dept. of Applied Economics

From the terms of reference it seems to me that there are two central questions before the new DAE Review Committee. (a) Is the University getting ‘good value’ from the money it is providing the DAE from the University Funds; (b) Will structural changes with respect to the size of the establishment, the ratio of senior to junior posts, etc., lead to a better framework for future research in the Department. On the frst issue, I have no doubt that the University has been getting excellent value for its money from the DAE in terms of both research and teaching. May I briefy make some points under each heading.

Research i. As a preliminary point, I am sure that the Committee will appreciate the great difculties involved in assessing the quality of research in a social science subject such as Economics, where there is no accepted paradigm and there is profound disagreement on the working of the economic system as well as regarding the methodological approaches to studying the subject. ii. Nevertheless, compared with other leading research institutes in this country, the DAE continues to have a high reputation. To take some examples: I do not think any reputable economists (including Oxford economists themselves) would deny that the DAE’s work 350 Appendix B: Dr. Ajit Singh’s Submission …

has been far superior to that of the Oxford Institute of Economics and Statistics. I also think that most economists would accept that in its range, quality and innovativeness in research, as well as in the standing of the research staf, the DAE is at least as good as, if not better than, the National Institute of Economic and Social Research. iii. As Director of the DAE over the last 15 years, Professor Godley has had a large research group working with him. Te work of this group has been controversial, partly because it dealt with current economic policy issues, but more signifcantly because of its rejection of the orthodox paradigm and its espousal of alternative methodological approaches. Although this research has been controversial, I simply note that it has helped establish the international reputation of the Department as the place where alternative approaches to economic policy are seriously analysed. In view of considerable dissatisfaction with orthodox economics, this has made the DAE better known and probably given it a greater international standing than before, particularly outside the Anglo-Saxon world (in Europe, Mexico, Brazil and India). I appreciate the fact that a number of serious, respected economists argue that the work of Professor Godley and his associates is misconceived and incorrect; however, other equally serious and respected economists regard it as highly original and as providing a breath of fresh air in economic policy analysis. In the present state of economic science I think it would be unwise to attempt to arrive at a defnitive answer to the question as to which view is correct. If despite this, the Committee wishes to adjudicate on this matter, it is important that a very wide range of international economic opinion is sought. I would be happy to suggest some suitable names for this purpose. iv. Although during the last 15 years Professor Godley’s group has dominated outsiders’ perception of the DAE’s work, the Department has continued to develop its existing research inter- ests in a number of other areas, for example labour economics, regional economics and industrial economics. In all these felds it has had excellent staf, has produced work of consistent quality, Appendix B: Dr. Ajit Singh’s Submission … 351

and has continued to attract research funds in an increasingly competitive research environment. In addition, during this period, the Department also started a major research project on applied mathematical economics. v. Professor Reddaway, who was Professor Godley’s predecessor, also had a distinctive methodological approach to economics, generally known as ‘Reddaway-type applied economics’. Some senior Faculty members, who are out of sympathy with Reddaway’s methodology and prefer a more abstractly mathematical approach to the subject, argue that the Department had an established international standing under Professor Stone’s stewardship, but not under Professors Reddaway and Godley. Since this appears to be a view seriously held by certain of my colleagues, I should like to make the following observations: a. Professor Stone’s Nobel Prize in 1984 was given chiefy in recognition of his contribution to the development of National Income Accounting (and the Standardised U.N. System of National Accounts) while he was head of the DAE, rather than for the Department’s other work on statistical and econometric methods. Tis excellent tradition of work on national accounting has been carried further with distinction during both Professor Reddaway’s tenure as Director and that of Professor Godley. (I refer here in particular to the outstanding work of Professors Deane and Feinstein, as well as Professor Godley’s own contributions to economic accounting.) b. It is certainly true that under Professors Reddaway and Godley, there was been relatively little work on pure statistical and econometric theory of the kind which occurred during Professor Stone’s Directorship (e.g. Durbin and Watson’s work on time series regression analysis). Tere were two reasons for this. Firstly, although as Directors Professors Reddaway and Godley did not discourage such work, they never directly encouraged it because of their diferent methodological perceptions. Secondly and very importantly, the Department is essentially a research wing of the Faculty. Until relatively recently, there were teaching no [sic] ofcers with sufcient interest in this area to attract research funds for a full development of this type of research 352 Appendix B: Dr. Ajit Singh’s Submission …

in the DAE. Te Faculty itself has had far greater interest and strengths in mathematical economics, and [as noted under (3), sic] Professor Hahn has led a large and successful research programme in this feld within the DAE.

Teaching

In addition to the quality of its research, the DAE provides value to the University by its contributions to Faculty teaching at both undergraduate and graduate level. Any marked diminution in this contribution would result in a collapse of the Faculty’s teaching programme. Te Committee no doubt will have before it statistical data on the DAE’s contributions to the Tripos and M.Phil lectures, and on the numbers of research students supervised by DAE economists. However, I particularly wish to draw the Committee’s attention to College teaching, where the DAE economists play an even more signifcant role. In my own College, for many years we have had DAE Research Ofcers as Fellows. Tere are 10 or more Colleges where DAE economists are Director of Studies. I am sure that the Committee will not need to be reminded of the importance of College teaching for the Tripos, as well as the Collegiate nature of this University. In principle, the University could take a legalistic view and say that college teaching is not its concern, and that the University’s responsibility is only for University teaching. Tis in my opinion would be misguided, since if there were fewer DAE economists available for College teaching the Colleges would have to appoint more NUTOs (non-Univer- sity Teaching Ofcers), which the poorer Colleges certainly could not aford. Consequently, the teaching of Economics in the University as a whole would sufer. In this context, it is worth emphasising that for every pound contrib- uted to the DAE by the University, the DAE itself raises two pounds in research grants from outside, thereby substantially increasing the number of economists employed in the University and available for University and College teaching. Appendix B: Dr. Ajit Singh’s Submission … 353

Structure

I wish to draw the Committee’s attention to the following general points concerning the questions about the Department’s structure in the Committee’s terms of reference. i. First, applied economic research is rather diferent from research in the experimental sciences, in that it is unusual for an established economist to direct a large group of junior researchers and graduate students. Te research projects in the DAE are typically much more collaborative. ii. From the point of view of fexibility and efciency, it is dif- cult to envisage a better structure for the DAE (with respect of the matters mentioned in paras (i), (iii), (iv) and VI [sic] of the terms of reference) than it already has. Other than the Director, nobody on the DAE’s research staf has tenure, including Senior Research Ofcers. If a Senior Research Ofcer cannot raise outside funds for his research, he is normally expected to leave. Te DAE’s research staf are subject to three stringent tests: (a) their projects have to be approved by the Committee of Management, consid- erably strengthened under the new regulations; (b) their appointments and reappointments (which are normally for a period of two years) have to be approved by the relevant Faculty or Department Appointments Committee and (c) above all, they regularly have to face the ‘market’ test of raising research funds for their projects. Tis structure has evolved historically and served the Department and the University well.

Conclusion

In view of the Department’s contribution to research and teaching outlined above, the University, despite fnancial stringences [sic], should continue its present level of fnancial contribution to the Department from University funds. Although the Department has been very 354 Appendix B: Dr. Ajit Singh’s Submission … successful in raising outside funds, without the guaranteed University income it will have to respond to ad hoc research demands, and will not be able to plan its research efort. Te University funds give it the necessary independence to pursue a longer term academic research strategy. Te other main conclusion I draw from the earlier analysis is that for a given level of University funding, the chief determinant of the nature and quality of DAE research is the research interest, the leadership qual- ities, and the standing of the Director. If there is dissatisfaction with the DAE’s work, changes in structure of the kind mooted for consideration in paras 1, (iii), (iv) and (vi) of the Committee’s terms of reference are unlikely to help. Moreover, the Committee should bear in mind that a lower level of University funding of the DAE could make it more dif- cult to attract a Director of sufcient stature. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae1

AJIT SINGH: CURRICULUM VITAE Name Ajit Singh Date and Place of Birth 11 September 1940, Lahore, pre-partition India Nationality British Present positions Emeritus Professor of Economics at the Uni- versity of Cambridge Senior Research Associate, Cambridge Endow- ment for Research in Finance (CERF) and Malaysian Commonwealth Studies Centre Life Fellow, Queens’ College Cambridge Research Fellow, Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge

1Original dated June 2014. Reproduced with permission. Minor typographical corrections have been made, and four items have been added to the list of publications, under separate heading.

© Te Editor(s) (if applicable) and Te Author(s), under exclusive license 355 to Springer Nature Switzerland AG, part of Springer Nature 2019 A. Saith, Ajit Singh of Cambridge and Chandigarh, Palgrave Studies in the History of Economic Tought, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12422-9 356 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

Guest lecturer, MPhil course in Develop- ment Studies, University of Cambridge Consultant to the International Labour Organisation, Geneva (research collaboration with ILO ofcials on international labour market issues) September 2012: Dr. Manmohan Singh Chair, in honour of the Indian Prime Minister, at Punjab University, Chandigarh Previous Positions As Professor of Economics at Cambridge and as the Senior Fellow at Queens’ College, I reached the compulsory retirement age of 67 in 2007. Tun Ismail Ali Chair of Finance, University of Malaya (Fifth Holder of the Chair spon- sored by the Malaysian Central Bank — see below). Appointed Director of Research at the Cam- bridge Endowment for Research in Finance (CERF) and Senior Research Fellow at the Judge Business School, University of Cam- bridge 2007–2009. Appointed to a Chair in Economics at the University of Birmingham Business School, 2007–2008. Summary Since ofcial retirement, I have continued to actively pursue my research by association with various research groups in Cambridge and outside as indicated above. I also continue to be active in teaching through my lectures at Development Studies at the University of Cambridge and public lectures outside Cambridge (see below). Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 357

Contents: Education and Academic Career p.2–4 Main Research Areas and Research Grants p.4–5 Honours, Awards and High-level Appointments p.5–6 Recent Keynote Addresses and Special Lectures p.7–10 Policy Research and Advice to Governments and International Institutions p.10–11 Overview of Policy Work and Public Service p.11–12 List of Publications: p.13–37 Section A p.13–22 Section B p.22–30 Section C p.30–36

Education B.A. in Mathematics, Sanskrit, and Economics: Punjab University, Chandigarh, 1958 M.A. in Economics: Howard University, Washington DC, 1960 M.A. Cantab. (by virtue of appointment to an ofcial fellowship at Queens’ College, Cambridge), 1965 Ph.D. in Economics, University of California, Berkeley, 1970 Academic Career at Cambridge University, 1964 onwards University Appointments: 1964–1965: Research Ofcer at the Department of Applied Economics; 1965–1968: University Assistant Lecturer in Economics; 1968–1991: University Lecturer in Economics; 358 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

1991–1995: Appointed to an ad hominem Univer- sity Readership; 1995–2007: Awarded a personal chair by the University. 2007– Emeritus Professor of Economics, University of Cambridge; and Life Fellow, Queens’ College Cambridge.

College Appointments:

1965: Appointed to a college lectureship and elected to an Ofcial Fellowship at Queens’ College 1972–1995: Director of Studies in Economics 1992–2007: Senior Fellow of the College 2007: Appointed to a Life Fellowship at Queens’ College

Teaching Lectures before and after 2007 During my academic career at the Economics Faculty in Cambridge, I lectured regularly on the following subjects: Modern Business Enterprise; Corporate Organisation and the Teory of the Firm; Te Rise and Fall of the Golden Age in Advanced Economies; Developing Countries in the World Economy; Corporate Governance and Corporate Finance. Since 2007 and currently, I give two courses of lectures to MPhil students in Development Studies in Cambridge. Te frst course is on the theory of economic development and specifcally on corporate governance. Te second course is Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 359

on stock market, and on economic and fnancial developments in India and China. As the Tun Ismail Ali Chair, I gave fve public lectures in Kuala Lumpur on aspects of my research focussing on fnancial markets and economic development in emerging Asian and other developing countries. Together with eminent U.K. business executives and government Ministers and distinguished academics, I participate and deliver an annual lecture in the Cambridge course for top Chinese business executives under the aegis of the Chinese Govern- ment’s Executive Leadership Programme (CELP). I also gave in 2011 a special lecture at the University of London to the South-African Government Ministerial delegation on industrial policy and growth, as a part of the South African Executive Leadership Programme (SAELP). Supervision of Research Students Before I retired from the Economics Faculty I supervised research of about six PhD students regularly. I am currently supervising two research students, one in Cambridge and one in Birmingham.

Administration and Other University Activities Faculty of Economics Over the years before I reached the compulsory retirement age, I undertook a wide range of administrative responsibilities in the Faculty of Economics and at the Department of Applied Economics (DAE) at Cambridge. 360 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

I served on all the key Faculty committees including the Faculty Board, the Degree Com- mittee, the Appointments Committee, the Committee of Management of the DAE, the Appraisals Committee and the Promotions Committee. During the last twenty-fve years I have sufered from Parkinson’s Disease which, in my case, has been reasonably well controlled by medication. With generous support from Access to Work and from the University I was able to carry out fully my duties as a University Professor, and was as active in research, teaching, examining, supervising research students, and giving seminars and lectures around the world as in the period before the onset of the disease. During these years of Parkinsonism my colleagues were kind enough to give me a lighter administrative load, in return for which I supervised more research students compared with the faculty professorial average. Queens’ College I have been a member of key college committees including the Investments Committee, and the Stipends’ Committee. Examining Before I retired I regularly examined for the Tripos (undergraduate) and the MPhil examinations. I also examined PhD theses at Cambridge Uni- versity and at other Universities in the UK and abroad. I continue to do the latter. I continue to be a regular examiner of the MPhil in Development Studies in Cambridge. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 361

Areas of Research My research over the years falls broadly into three distinct but interre- lated areas, namely:

A) Modern Business Enterprise, Corporate Organisation, Finance and Governance in advanced countries and emerging markets. Te theory of the frm, takeovers and the stock market and the fnancial system in developed and developing countries. B) De-industrialisation and long-term structural changes in the UK and other advanced economies as well as developing countries; North–South competition and employment and unemployment in the North and the South; liberalisation and globalisation of fnancial and product markets. C) Industrialisation, economic development and economic policy in emerging countries.

Research grants In 2010, I completed a large UK Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) funded research project (£200,000) on law, fnance and development in collaboration with Professor Simon Deakin of the Law Faculty in Cambridge and Pro- fessor John Armour of the Law Faculty in Oxford. Te ESRC’s “end of the project report” assessed this research to be of “outstanding quality”. My research projects have been fnanced over the years by the Research Committee of the World Bank, the Esmee Fairbairn Foundation, the Sci- ence Centre Berlin, the UK Ofce of Fair Trad- ing, the National Economic Development Ofce and, on a number of occasions, by the ESRC. (See pages 13–37 for a full list of publications emanating from these and other research projects.) 362 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

Research Networks Founding member of the European Association for Research in Industrial Economics (EARIE) Took an active part in helping establish the Euro- pean Network for Industrial Policy (ENIP) Founding member of the European Network on Corporate Governance and Investment (ENCGI) Founding member of the Cambridge Political Economy Society (CPES) Honours and Awards I am the frst holder of the prestigious Dr. Manmo- han Singh Chair in Economics, created in honour of the Indian Prime Minister at the University of Punjab, India. I was the Fifth appointment to the Tun Ismail Ali Chair in International Finance and Economics at the University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 2010–11. (Tis is an important Chair founded by the Central Bank of Malaysia. Previous holders have been leading policy makers in international fnance including Professor Takatoshi Ito, former Deputy Vice Minis- ter for International Finance, Japanese Ministry of Finance. His predecessor was Mr. Andrew Sheng, a former Chairman of the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission). In May 2011, I was awarded a Doctorate, Honoris Causa, and given an Honorary Professorship by the Faculty of Economics of the National University of Piura, Peru “in recognition of my contributions on the issues of liberalisation and globalisation of fnancial markets, policy competition and industrialisation in emerging countries”. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 363

In May 2011, I was interviewed by a non-par- tisan committee of the UK House of Lords in a competitive process for appointment to the Lords. Although, in the event, I was not appointed, I regard it as an honour that I was called for interview. At the Indo British Friendship Banquet held in London in September 2010 I received the Glory of India Award for “individual excellence … and for outstanding contribution for the progress of the nation … and worldwide”. To mark my retirement from the Economics Faculty in Cambridge, a three-day conference was held in September 2007 where 21 papers were delivered, advancing research in each of my three areas of work by colleagues from all over the world. Te papers have subsequently been published in two volumes by Palgrave Macmillan under the titles Issues in Economic Development and Globalization and Issues in Finance and Industry. Both books have the subtitle Essays in Honour of Ajit Singh and both are edited by Professor Lord J. Eatwell and Profes- sor P. Arestis. Te two volumes were presented to me as a festschrift, on publication, in 2009. I was inducted into the Hall of Fame of the Depart- ment of Economics, Howard University, at an ofcial dinner in Washington DC, April 2008. (I was a graduate student at Howard before I went to Berkeley to do a PhD.) Elected Academician of Te Academy of Social Sciences (AcSS), U.K. 2004. At a ceremony in King’s College, Cambridge in June 2003, I was honoured by Sri Chinmoy for 364 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

services to economic development of poor countries, along with a dozen other Cambridge academics, including six Nobel prize winners. Appointed as a Fellow of the Cambridge-MIT Institute, 2002–2003. Entry in A Biographical Dictionary of Dissenting Economists. Arestis, Philip and Malcolm Sawyer (eds), 2nd edition, Edward Elgar, 2000. Appointed to a Personal Chair in Economics at Cambridge in 1995. Entry in Who’s Who in Economics, edited by Mark Blaug, 3rd edition, Edward Elgar, London, 1999. (Tis is a biographical dictionary of major economists from 1700–1997.) Awarded a $5000 prize and a bronze medallion in the Amex Awards Competition, 1994, for the essay ‘How do Large Corporations in Developing Coun- tries Finance their Growth?’ Elected into an Ofcial Fellowship at Queens’ Col- lege, Cambridge in 1965. Awarded Alice J. Rosenberg Research Fellowship at the University of California, Berkeley, 1961–1962. Awarded the K. K. Grover Memorial Prize at the annual convocation of the Punjab University, 1958. High-level Appointments Advisor to the joint project of UNCTAD (India), DFID (UK) and Indian Ministry of Commerce on Globalisation, Trade and Poverty, 2005 (see also below). Honorary Special Adviser to the Chairman of the South Centre, Geneva, 2002–2003. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 365

Member of the International Advisory Board of the “In-Focus” programme on Socio-Economic Security, the International Labour Organisation in Geneva, 2001–2005. Appointed by the Group of 77 developing countries and China to be a member of a high level expert group on globalisation and economic development. Participated in the Group seminar held at Kuala Lumpur in December 2007 at the invitation of the government of Malaysia. External examiner, University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 1997–2000, and in that capacity I visited the University in April 2000 to undertake an overall assessment of the University’s MA in Economics course. Visiting Scholar, International Monetary Fund, Washington, DC, July 1998. Dr. William M. Scholl Visiting Professor of Inter- national Economics, University of Notre Dame, US, four weeks annually from 1987–1995. Chairperson, Programme Committee, European Association for Research in Industrial Economics, 1984–1985. Senior Economic Adviser to the Minister for Development Planning, Government of Tanzania, 1982–1985 (see Overview of Policy Work and Public Service). Member of the UNCTAD Panel of Eminent Per- sons advising the Secretary-General on problems of trade, protection and structural changes in the world economy, 1984. 366 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

Senior Economic Adviser to the Minister of Industry and Natural Resources, Government of Mexico, 1978–1982 (see Overview of Policy Work and Public Service). Editorships of Journals and Symposia In addition to being a founding editor of the Cambridge Journal of Economics, I am currently on the editorial advisory boards of Journal of Income Distribution, International Economic Journal, and Development and Change. I have co-edited a Symposium for the Cambridge Journal of Economics on fnancial globalisation and the present crisis, published in March 2010. I was a guest co-editor of a Symposium on W.B. Reddaway in the Cambridge Journal of Economics, June 2009. I organised and edited a Symposium on Corporate Governance, Competition and Selection for the Economic Journal in 2003. Keynote Addresses and Special Public Lectures (since 2000) At the invitation of the Indian Council of Social Science Research, I gave a public lecture at the University of Punjab in Chandigarh, India, on the global economic crisis in November 2011. At the invitation of the Central Bank of Malaysia (Bank Negara), I gave a public lecture on Islamic Finance in Kuala Lumpur in November 2011. In my capacity as Tun Ismail Ali Chair I gave three public lectures in Kuala Lumpur to academics and policy makers in December 2010. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 367

In my capacity as Tun Ismail Ali Chair I gave two public lectures in Kuala Lumpur to academics and policy makers in April 2011. Gave a keynote address on economic nationalism to a conference on the subject held at Copenhagen Business School, December 2009. In September 2009 at the invitation of the Depart- ment of Economics, the Hans Bethe House, the South Asia Program, Cornell Law School, the Pro- gram in International Studies in Planning, and the Tolani Senior Professorship in International Trade Policy, I gave three lectures at Cornell University on diferent aspects of my current research. In the same month I also gave two lectures at the Univer- sity of Massachusetts Amherst at the invitation of the Political Economy Research Institute and the Department of Economics. At the invitation of the UN Department of Eco- nomic and Social Afairs, presented a special seminar at the UN headquarters in New York on law, fnance and development in January 2008. Delivered a public lecture at Punjab University, India on China, India and the world economy in January 2008. Addressed members of the Linke party at the Bundestäg in Berlin on hostile takeovers, October 2007. Delivered the Frida Lasky Memorial Lecture at Lucknow, India, March 2007. Was invited to give a special lecture on the integration of global labour markets to the faculty and research students at the Kemmy Business School, Limerick, Ireland, April 2007. 368 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

Keynote speech on competition, competition policy and industrial policy at a conference organised by the Economic Commission for Latin America in Mexico City, March 2006. At the invitation of the Fundacao Escola de Socio- logia é Politica de Sao Paulo, Brazil, gave two public lectures to mark the Faculty’s 60th Anniversary, May 2005. At the joint invitation of the South Centre, Geneva and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Geneva, gave a public lecture at the Palais des Nations on ‘India Rising: Myth or Real- ity?’, December 2004. At the personal invitation of the Deputy Chairman I addressed members of the Indian Planning Com- mission and its senior staf on a new agenda for the Commission, October 2004. In Australia I gave a keynote address on ‘Private Capital Flows’ at the Foundation for Development Colloquium, Gold Coast, Queensland, August 2004. I also gave a public lecture on ‘India Rising’ at Grifth University, Brisbane, August 2004. Invited panellist to comment on the Siciliano lecture, 2004 by Dr. Richard Freeman of Harvard University, at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. I was invited to be a panellist at the 2002 Annual Meetings of the American Economic Association in Atlanta, January 2002. Participated in the panel discussion with leading US scholars on labour standards and economic development. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 369

Visited Argentina in August 2001, at the invitation of the magazine ‘Trés Puntos’ in association with the British Embassy in Buenos Aires; gave public lectures and seminars, and also spoke to business groups, public ofcials and gave interviews to the media on issues of globalisation, crisis and economic development. Tis was the frst in a programme of visits by “leading British economists” to Argentina. Gave testimony on multilateral competition policy and globalisation to the German parliamentary committee on globalisation, May 2001. Delivered a keynote lecture on “Competition Policy and Economic Development” at the conference to mark the Golden Jubilee of the University of Malaya at Kuala Lumpur, April 2000.

Seminar presentations at Universities and other institutions outside Cambridge since 2007

Since 2007 I have given lectures and presented seminar papers at universities in the UK and abroad including London School of Economics; University of Manchester; University of Leicester; University of Birmingham; University of Oxford; University of Naples; University of San Sebastian; University of Vienna; Cornell University Law School; Hans Beth House at Cornell University; Centre for South Asian Studies at Cornell University and at the School of Planning Cornell University; the World Institute for Development Economics Research at Helsinki; Copenhagen Business School; Stockholm Business School; Jonkoping Business School; Luxemburg meeting of Fund Managers and fnancial sector ofcials; University of New York; 370 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

New School of Social Research; Punjab University, Chandigarh; Franklin College in Lugano in Switzerland; University of Massachusetts, Amherst; Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Victoria University, Melbourne; Queensland Treasury, Brisbane; University of Amsterdam; Annual meeting of American Economic Association at New Orleans; University of Istanbul; UN DESA; Institute of Human Development, New Delhi; Institute of Social Studies at the Hague; Danish Institute of International Afairs; South Centre, Geneva; American Economics Association meetings in San Francisco and New Orleans. I have also given papers at the expert group meetings at the UN in Geneva and presented papers at conferences in Austria, China, Germany, Italy, Jordan, Malaysia, and the US, among other countries.

Policy research and advice to governments, and international institutions

Developing Countries Consultant to the International Finance Corpo- ration (World Bank), Washington DC. Research on comparative structures of corporate fnance in industrial and semi-industrial countries; liberalisation, competition and corporate performance, 1989–1999. Consultant to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Geneva. Research on: (a) establishment of stock markets in centrally planned and semi-industrial economies; (b) comparative performance of public and private sector manufacturing enterprises; (c) comparative economic development in East Asia and Latin Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 371

America; (d) competition and competition policy in emerging markets, 1990–2003. Consultant to the International Labour Organisa- tion (ILO), Geneva. Research on: (a) the changing role of agriculture in economic development; (b) urbanisation, industrial development and the large metropolis in the Tird World; (c) employment and unemployment in the North and the South; (d) pension reform and pension policies in developing and developed countries, 1988–1990 and 2005 onwards. Consultant to the South Commission and subsequently to the South Centre, Geneva. Research on: (a) Liberalisation and Globalisation: Implications for the South; (b) Employment and Unemploy- ment in the South and the North; (c) Foreign Direct Investment and the question of multi-lateral investment treaty, 1990–2004. Consultant to the Economic Development Insti- tute of the World Bank. Research on International Competitiveness and Industrial Policy, 1990. Member of the ILO Employment Advisory Mission to the Government of Tanzania, 1977 and 1981 (Team leader for industrial studies). Member of the ILO Employment Advisory Mission to the Government of Lesotho, 1978 (Team leader for industrial studies). Advanced Economies Research Associate, International Institute of Management, West Berlin. Research project on a comparative international study of the causes and efects of mergers in advanced industrial countries, 1977–1980. 372 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

Consultant to the UN Industrial Development Organisation, Vienna. Research on structural change in the UK economy and on global restruc- turing of industry, 1978–1982. Research Associate, UN University, World Institute of Development Economic Research, Helsinki. In collaboration with researchers from Oxford, CEPREMAP (Paris), Harvard and MIT, research on: (a) world macroeconomic and North–South issues; (b) globalisation of fnancial markets and its implications; (c) structural adjustment and economic and industrial policy in developing countries, 1986–1993. Overview of Policy Work and Public Service Troughout my academic career in Cambridge I have taken a very active part in policy work related to economic development in poor countries. I have also been much concerned with North–South economic interactions and how these can be improved to the mutual beneft of both rich and poor countries. At a practical level this work has involved advocacy, policy advice and interactions with ministers, ofcials and civil society in developing countries and senior civil servants in international organisations. Some highlights from this experience are briefy outlined below:

• In the late 1970s and early 1980s, as part of a small team advising the Minister for Industry and Natural Resources, including oil, I worked closely with policy makers at the highest lev- els of the government in Mexico. Te leading policy issues during this period (1976–1982) were how much oil to produce, how far to Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 373

integrate with the world economy, what should be the trade-of between employment, growth and infation, and how to resolve the current account defcit without creating fnancial instability in the capital markets. I was a leading participant in the policy debate on these issues both inside and outside the government. A distinguished Mexican economic historian, Professor Enrique Cardenas, in his recent history of the period has given full recognition to my contribution. • In the mid-80s I worked closely with the Minister for Development and Planning in Tanzania as an economic advisor. I assisted the government with policy advice and helped in its preparation for negotiations with the IMF. • In the 1990s I worked closely with the South Centre in Geneva, in preparing position papers for Southern governments on a range of issues including globalisation, foreign direct investment, fnancing of development, corporate governance, and competition policy. • During 2000–2005 I assisted the Ministry of Commerce in India with their preparation for the Ministerial Meetings of the WTO. I was involved in a joint UNCTAD–Ministry of Commerce project on the implementation of the WTO accords in India, with the specifc objective of trying to ensure that India’s further economic integration with the world economy would not increase economic inequality or poverty. • As indicated above, I have helped leading international developmental organisations (e.g. ILO, UNCTAD, UNDP, UNIDO, World Bank, IFC) in their policy work on economic 374 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

development and on North–South economic issues. In the case of ILO, as a member of the international advisory board for the In-Focus programme on social security, I took an active part in the monitoring and implementation of the programme. • In 2007 I also assisted the Department of Trade and Industry in U.K. with inputs in their preparation for the white paper on Globalisation. • In line with my concern that North–South dialogue should continue on a constructive and equitable basis, my papers on special and diferential treatment, and on related subjects (see for example, B55 and C54 in the List of Publications), provide a theoretical foundation for the positions taken by developing countries, as well as by some policy makers in developed countries.

Dissemination In addition to dissemination through the normal academic channels, my policy work has also been disseminated through various media channels. My articles on the stock market in socialist economies were the subject of an Economic Focus in the Economist and my fndings on the fnancing of corporate growth in emerging markets was the subject of a separate Economic Focus. I presented my analysis of de-industrialisation of the UK economy as a half-hour lecture on the UK Channel Four TV. Tis was a lecture series that also included Milton Friedman. My work on Mexico was profled on the front page of the business section of New York Times, in Newsweek magazine, as well as in the London publication Te South. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 375

More recently my work has been profled in the Judge Institute newsletter Top Floor, in Te Guardian (on globalisation), in the Argentine magazine 3 Puntos, in the Brazilian magazine Carta Capital, in the Indian newspapers Tribune and Indian Express, in a leading Spanish fnancial newspaper El Pais, in the newsletter of Grifth University, Brisbane, Australia and in the Financial Times - Deutschland. I gave a half-hour interview to SAB TV, Leicester in which I spoke about my career as an economist in England. Recently, I also gave a one-hour interview to Mexican television concerning the Mexican debt crisis of the 1980s.

LIST OF PUBLICATIONS As indicated above, my publications fall into three distinct but related research areas (A, B and C respectively). Tese are listed chronologically below under each of the respective sections. Tese contributions can also be classifed in summary form as follows. Of the 225 or so publications listed, there are more than a hundred refereed journal articles, an almost equal number of book chapters. Tere are in addition 15 books and monographs and 3 edited volumes. My refereed journal articles have been published in the following professional journals: Te Economic Journal, the Review of Economic Studies, the European Economic Review, the Journal of Economic Literature, Economics Letters, the International Journal of Industrial Organisation, the Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Cambridge Journal of Economics, Journal of Corporate Law Studies, International Review of Applied Economics, Emerging Markets Review, Eastern Economic Journal, World Development, Journal of Development Studies, Development and Change, Journal of Development Economics, Journal of International Development, UNCTAD Review, International Labour Review, Labour and Society, International Social Security Review, 376 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

Contributions to Political Economy, Indian Journal of Economics, Economic and Political Weekly, Economia Mexicana, Revue de Tiers Monde, Desarollo Economico, Economia e Politica Industriale. My book chapters have also been refereed and included in important handbooks produced by leading publishers on my research subjects, as well as in books which have included contributions by, or have been edited by, Nobel Laureates (eg. Amartya Sen, Joseph Stiglitz, Oliver Williamson). To take a recent example, my article on Indian industrial policy was included in a book of essays on the general subject co-edited by Joseph Stiglitz. Tis book was recently reviewed in the Journal of Economic Literature December 2012 by Ann Harrison. She observed ‘I particularly enjoyed the iconoclastic treatment of industrial policy in India written by Ajit Singh’. She devotes three paragraphs to my analysis of the issue. With respect to my recent productivity, during the calendar years 2010 and 2011, I have published fve working papers, seven journal articles (six of these in Social Science Citation Index journals) and six book chapters in leading collections.

(A) Modern Business Enterprise, Corporate Organisation, Finance and Governance in Advanced Economies and in Emerging Markets. Te Teory of the Firm, Takeovers and the Stock Market. Published (A1) Marris, R.L. and Singh, A., (1966) ‘A measure of a frm’s average share price’, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A (General), Vol. 129, Part I. (A2) Singh, A. and Whittington, G., (1968) Growth, Proftability and Valuation, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. (A3) Singh, A., (1971) Takeovers: Teir Relevance to the Stock Market and the Teory of the Firm, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. (A4) Singh, A. and Whittington, G., (1975) ‘Te size and growth of frms’, Review of Economic Studies, Vol. XLII (1), January. (Also republished in an Italian translation in Cardani, Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 377

A.H. and Pedol, U. (eds.), Problemi di Teoria Dell’Impressa, Etas Libri, 1980.) (A5) Singh, A., (1975) ‘Takeovers, economic natural selection and the theory of the frm: evidence from the post-war UK experience’, Economic Journal, Vol. 85, No. 339, September. (Also republished in an Italian translation in Problemi di Teoria Dell’Impressa. Also republished in Wagner, L. (ed.), Readings in Applied Microeconomics, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1981. Republished again in Marchildon, G. (ed.), Mergers and Acquisitions, pp. 207-225, Edward Elgar, London, 1992.) (A6) Singh, A., (1976) ‘Review of Douglas Kuehn, Takeovers and the Teory of the Firm’, Macmillan, Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 14, No. 2, June, (a). (A7) Cosh, A., Hughes, A. and Singh, A., (1980) ‘Te causes and efects of mergers in the UK: An empirical investi- gation for the late 1960s at the microeconomic level’, in Te Determinants and Efects of Mergers: An International Comparison, Oelgeschlager, Gunn and Hain, Cambridge, MA. (A8) Hughes, A. and Singh, A., (1980) ‘Mergers, concentration and competition in advanced capitalist economies: An international perspective’, in Te Determinants and Efects of Mergers: An International Comparison, Oelgeschlager, Gunn and Hain, Cambridge, MA. (A9) Hughes, A., Mueller, D. and Singh, A., (1980) ‘Hypotheses about mergers’, in Te Determinants and Efects of Mergers: An International Comparison, Oelgeschlager, Gunn and Hain, Cambridge, MA. (A10) Hughes, A., Mueller, D. and Singh, A., (1980) ‘Competition policy in the 1980s: Te implications of the international merger wave’, in Te Determinants and Efects of Mergers: An International Comparison, Oelgeschlager, Gunn and Hain, Cambridge, MA. Note: Te three papers above (A8–A10) represent the conclusion to the International Mergers project at the International Institute of Management, West Berlin. Tey bring together and analyse the results of individual country studies for the 378 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

UK, the US, Belgium, France, West Germany, the Netherlands and Sweden carried out by separate research teams as part of this project. (A11) Hughes, A. and Singh, A., (1987) ‘Takeovers and the stock market’, Contributions to Political Economy, Vol. 6. (Also republished in Eatwell, J., Milgate, M. and Newman, P. (eds.), Financial Markets, Macmillan, London and New York, 1990.) (A12) Cosh, A.D., Hughes, A., Lee, K. and Singh, A., (1989), ‘Institutional investment and the market for corporate control’, International Journal of Industrial Organisation, March. (A13) Singh, A., (1990) ‘Te institution of a stock market in a socialist economy: Notes on the Chinese economic reform programme’, in Fureng, Dong and Nolan, Peter (eds.), Te Chinese Economy and its Future: Achievements and Problems of Post-Mao Reforms, Polity Press, Cambridge. (A14) Cosh, A.D., Hughes, A. and Singh, A., (1992) ‘Openness, fnancial innovation and the changing structure of the UK and the global capital markets’, in Schor, Juliet and Banuri, Tariq (eds.), Financial Openness and National Autonomy, Clarendon Press, Oxford. (A15) Cosh, A.D., Hughes, A. and Singh, A., (1990) ‘Takeovers, short-termism and fnance–industry relations in the UK economy: Analytical and policy issues’, in ‘Takeovers and Short-termism in the UK’, Industrial Policy Paper No. 3, Institute of Public Policy Research, London. (A16) Singh, A. (1991) Corporate Takeovers: A Review, Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 9206, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge. (A17) Singh, A. and Hamid, J., (1992) ‘Corporate Financial Structures in Developing Countries’, IFC Technical Paper No. 1, World Bank, Washington, DC, (xii + 147 pp.). Tis monograph was among the frst studies of its kind. It emanated from a large research project on a comparative analysis of corporate fnancial structures in the industrialising economies on which I worked as the principal investigator. Te project was Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 379

carried out at the Research Department at the International Finance Corporation (World Bank), Washington, DC. Te purpose of this research project was to help fll a serious gap in the literature on industrialisation and economic development in the newly industrialising economies: the corporate fnancial structures and, more generally, the relationship between corporate organisation, capital structure and economic and industrial development have received very little attention. Te Singh and Hamid study, which reported on the frst phase of the project, was based on an analysis of nine countries — India, South Korea, Jordan, Pakistan, Tailand, Mexico, Malaysia, Turkey and Zimbabwe. Te results were compared with those for the Anglo-Saxon countries and for Japan and West Germany. (A18) Singh, A., (1992) ‘Corporate takeovers’, in Te New Palgrave Dictionary of Money and Finance, edited by Eatwell, John, Milgate, Murray and Newman, Peter, Macmillan, London and New York. (A19) Singh, A., (1993) ‘Regulation of mergers: A new agenda’, in Sugden, Roger (ed.), Industrial Economic Regulation: A Framework and an Exploration, Routledge, London. (A20) Harcourt, G.C., Hughes, A. and Singh, A. (1993) Austin Robinson, 20 November 1897–1 June 1993: An Appreciation, Cambridge Journal of Economics, Oxford University Press, Vol.13, No.1, March, pp.103–120. (A21) Amsden, A. and Singh, A., (1994) ‘Te optimal degree of competition and dynamic efciency in Japan and Korea’, European Economic Review, Vol. 38, Nos. 3/4, pp. 940–951. (A22) Singh, A., (1993) ‘Te stock market and economic development: Should developing countries encourage stock markets?’, UNCTAD Review, No. 4. (A23) Singh, A., (1993) ‘Normative relative alle fusioni negli USA e nel Regno Unito: Una nuova agenda’, Economia e Politica Industriale, No. 77. (A24) Singh, A., (1995) ‘Te stock market, economic efciency and industrial development’, in Arestis, P. and Chick, V. (eds.), 380 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

Finance, Development and Structural Change: Post-Keynsian Perspectives, Edward Elgar, London. (A25) Amsden, A. and Singh, A., (1994) ‘Concurrence dirigee et efcacite dynamique en Asie; Japon; Koree du Sud; Taiwan’, Revue Tiers-Monde, No. 139, July–September, pp. 643–657. (A26) Singh, A., (1994) ‘Takeover delle imprese: Una rassegna’, Economia e Politica Industriale, Numero 82. (A27) Singh, A., (1994) ‘How do large corporations in developing countries fnance their growth?’, in O’Brien, Richard (ed.), Te AMEX Bank Prize Essays: Finance and the International Economy, Oxford University Press, New York. (A28) Singh, A., (1995) ‘Corporate Financial Patterns in Industrialising Economies: A Comparative International Study’, IFC Technical Paper No. 2, World Bank, Washington, DC, (ISBN 0-8213-3231-7). Note: Tis monograph was a sequel to (A16) above. It extended the previous study in three ways: (a) it established the robustness of the results by relying on much larger corporate samples for each country; (b) it provided a more systematic comparison of corporate fnancial patterns in industrial and semi-industrial countries; and (c) it set out a theory to explain why developing country corporations use equity capital so extensively for fnancing the growth of their net assets. (A29) Singh, A., (2000), Te Anglo-Saxon market for corporate control, the fnancial system and international competitiveness, Department of Applied Economics, Discussion Paper in Finance and Accounting, No. AF16, 1995. A revised version of this paper was published in Howes, C. and Singh, A. (eds.), Competitiveness Matters, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. (A30) Singh, A., (1996) ‘Emerging markets, industrialisation and development’, in Sen, S., Financial Fragility, Debt and Economic Reforms, Macmillan, London and New York. (A31) Singh, A., (1998) ‘Savings, investment and the corporation in the East Asian miracle’, UNCTAD, Geneva, Study No. 9, 1996. Subsequently published in the Journal of Development Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 381

Studies, Vol. 34, No. 6, pp. 112-137. Subsequently republished in Y.A kyuz and R. Kozul-Wright (eds.), East Asian Development, London: Frank Cass. (A32) Singh, A., (1996) ‘Pension reform, the stock market, capital formation and economic growth: A critical commentary on the World Bank’s proposals’, International Social Security Review, Vol. 49, No. 3, pp. 21-44. (A33) Singh, A., (1996) ‘Investment, savings and economic growth in East Asia’, International Capital Markets, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 9-13 December. (A34) Singh, A., (1997) ‘Financial liberalisation, the stock market and economic development’, Economic Journal, May. Pp. 771–782. Subsequently re-published in Portuguese in Nova Economia, Vol. 8, No. 1, July 1998; also re-published in Controversies in Macro-Economics: Growth Trade and Policy, pp. 206–218 ed. by H. Dixon, Blackwells, Oxford. 2000. (A35) Cosh, A., D., Hughes, A., Lee, K. and Singh, A., (1996) Takeovers, Institutional Investment and the Persistence of Profts, ESRC Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge, Working Paper No. 30, March. Subsequently published in Applied Economics and Public Policy, pp. 107–144, Begg, Ian and Henry, S.G.B. (eds.), Cambridge University Press, 1998. (A36) Singh, A., (1996) ‘Te stock market, the fnancing of corporate growth and Indian industrial development’, Journal of International Finance, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 1–17 Fall. (A37) Whittington, G., Saporta, V. and Singh, A., (1997) ‘Te Efects of Hyper-Infation on Accounting Ratios: Financing of Corporate Growth in Industrialising Economies’, IFC Technical Paper No. 3, World Bank, Washington, DC. Te monographs (A26 and A34) and the papers (A25, A27-28, A30–31, A33, A35–37) are products of the second phase of the project described at (A16) above. Together with the studies at (A13), (A16), (A19), (A20) and (A22) above, this work is a part of a larger research programme into the nature of fnance–industry relationships in emerging markets. 382 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

(A38) Singh, A., (1996) ‘Profts, Savings, Investment and Fast Economic Growth: A Perspective on Asian Catch-up and Implications for Latin America’, Department of Applied Economics, University of Cambridge, Discussion Paper in Finance and Accounting, No. AF33. (A39) Singh, A., (1996) ‘Investment, savings and economic growth in East Asia’, International Capital Markets, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 9–13 December. (A40) Singh, A., (1997) ‘Portfolio equity fows and stock markets in fnancial liberalisation’, Development, Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 22–29. (A41) Singh, A., (1998) ‘Liberalisation, the stock market and the market for corporate control: A bridge too far for the Indian economy?’, in Ahulwalia, I.J., and Little, I.M.D. (eds.), India’s Economic Reform and Development, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, pp. 169-196. Also republished in Motamen- Samadian, Sima and Garrido, Celso., (eds) Emerging Markets: Past and Present Experiences, and Future Prospects. Macmillan Press Ltd. (A42) Singh, A. and Weisse, B., (1998) ‘Emerging stock markets, portfolio capital fows and long-term economic growth: Micro and macroeconomic perspectives’, World Development, Vol. 26, No. 4, pp. 607–622 April. (A43) Singh, A., (1998) Corporate Governance, Evolution of Corporate Laws and Asian Economic Development into the 21st Century, MPRA Paper 24662, University Library of Munich, Germany. (A44) Singh, A., (1998) Asian Capitalism and the Financial Crisis, SCEPA Working Papers 1998-15, Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis (SCEPA), Te New School. (A45) Glen, J., Singh, A. and Matthias, R., (1999) ‘How Intensive is Competition in Emerging Markets?: An Analysis of Corporate Rates of Return from Nine Emerging Markets’, International Monetary Fund Working Paper. No. WP/99/32, Washington DC. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 383

(A46) Singh, A., (1999) ‘Should Africa promote stock market capitalism?’, Te Journal of International Development, Vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 343–367. (A47) Singh, A. and Dhumale, R., (1999) ‘Competition Policy, Development and Developing Countries’, Working Paper 7, South Centre, Geneva. Also republished in Arestis, P., Baddeley, M.C., and McCombie, J.S.L., (eds), What Global Economic Crisis? Palgrave. (A48) Glen, J., Lee, K., and Singh, A. (2000) ‘Competition, Corporate Governance and Financing of Corporate Growth in Emerging Markets’, Department of Applied Economics, Cambridge. Discussion Papers in Accounting and Finance. No. AF46. (A49) Singh, A. and Zammit, J. A., (2000) ‘International Capital Flows: Identifying the Gender Dimension’, World Development, Vol. 28, No. 7, 2000, pp. 1249–1268. (A50) Singh, A., Singh, A. and Weisse. B., (2000) ‘Information Technology, Venture Capital and the Stock Market’, Department of Applied Economics Cambridge. Discussion Papers in Accounting and Finance, No. AF47. (A51) Singh, A., (2001) ‘Financial liberalisation and globalisation: Implications for industrial and industrialising economies’, in Jomo, K.S. and Nagraj, S. (eds.), Globalisation versus Development, Macmillan. (A52) Glen, J., Lee, K. and Singh, A., (2001) ‘Persistence of Proftability and Competition in Emerging Markets’, in Economics Letters. Vol. 72.pp. 247–253. (A53) Singh, A., and B. Weisse, (2001) ‘Mergers and Acquisitions’, in Jonathan Michie (ed.) Reader's Guide to the Social Sciences, Vol. 2, London, Fitzroy Dearborn. (A54) Glen, J., Lee, K. and Singh, A., (2001) ‘Intensity of Competition in Emerging Markets and in Advanced Economies’, Viertejahrsheft zur wirtschaftsforschung, Heft 2. 70. (A55) Singh, A., (2002) ‘Competition and Competition Policy in Emerging Markets: International and Developmental Dimensions’, Working Paper No. 246, Working Paper Series, 384 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge. 2002. Also available in the G-24 Discussion Paper Series, No. 18, UNCTAD, and Center for International Development Harvard University, September. (A56) Singh, A., (2002) ‘Corporate Governance, the Big Business Groups and the G-7 Reform Agenda: A Critical Analysis’, Seoul Journal of Economics, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 103–148. (A57) Singh, Ajit., Singh, Alaka. and Weisse, Bruce, (2002) ‘Corporate Governance, Competition, the New International Financial Architecture and Large Corporations in Emerging Markets’, Working Paper No. 250, Working Paper Series, Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge. Subsequently a revised version has been published in Management of Capital Flows, UNCTAD (ed.) Geneva, 2003, pp. 1–70. (A58) Singh, A., (2003) ‘Corporate Governance, Corporate Finance and Stock Markets in Emerging Countries’, Working Paper No. 258, Working Paper Series, Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge. A revised version of this paper has been published in the Journal of Corporate Law Studies, Vol. 3, Part 1. April, pp. 41–72. (A59) Singh, A., (2002) ‘Competition, Corporate Governance and Selection in Emerging Markets’, Working Paper No. 247, Working Paper Series, Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge. A revised version of this paper has been published in the Economic Journal, Vol. 113, November 2003, pp. F443–F464. (A60) Glen, J., Lee, K. and Singh, A., (2002) ‘Corporate Proftability and the Dynamics of Competition in Emerging Markets: A Time Series Analysis’, Working Paper No. 248, Working Paper Series, Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge. A revised version of this paper has been published in the Economic Journal, Vol. 113, November 2003, pp. F465–F484. (A61) Glen, J., and Singh, A., (2003) ‘Capital Structure, Rates of Return and Financing Corporate Growth: Comparing Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 385

Developed and Emerging Markets’, Working paper No. 265, Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge. Subsequently, a revised version has been published in Future of Domestic Capital Markets, Robert E. Litan, Michael Pomerleano, V. Sundararajan (eds.), Brookings Press, Washington DC. 2003, pp. 373–416. (A62) Singh, A., (2003) ‘Te New International Financial Architecture, Corporate Governance and Competition in Emerging Markets: New Issues for Developing Economies’, in Rethinking Development Economics, Ha-Joon Chang (ed.), Anthem Press, London. pp. 377–403. (A63) Singh, A. (2003) ‘Special and Diferential Treatment, the Multilateral Trading System and Economic Development in the 21st Century’, MPRA Paper 24653, University Library of Munich, Germany. (A64) Glen, J. and Singh, A., (2004) ‘Comparing Capital Structures and Rates of Return in Developed and Emerging Markets’, Emerging Markets Review, Vol. 5, Issue 2, pp. 161–192. (A65) Singh, A. (2004), ‘Corporate Social Responsibility: A Developmental Perspective’, Oil, Gas and Energy Law Journal (Special Issue on Business and Human Rights). www.gasan- doil.com/ogel. (A66) Singh, A. and Dhumale, R., (2004) ‘Competition Policy, Development and Developing Countries’, in Arestis, P. Baddeley, M. and McCombie, J. (eds), What Global Economic Crisis? Paperback edition, Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 122–145. (A67) Singh, A. (2004), Multilateral Competition Policy and Economic Development. A Developing Country Perspective on the European Community Proposals, UNCTAD Series, on Issues in Competition Law and Policy, United Nations, New York and Geneva (UNCTAD/DITC/CLP/2003/10). (A68) Glen, J. and Singh, A., (2005) ‘Corporate Governance, Competition and Finance: Re-thinking Lessons from the Asian Crisis’, CBR Working Paper 288, June 2004. Subsequently published in the Eastern Economic Journal, Vol.31, No.2, Spring 2005, pp.219–242. Te paper won an 386 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

honourable mention in the Otto Eckstein competition for the best article in the journal for the two years 2004–2006. (A69) Singh, A., Glen, J., Zammit, A., De Hoyos, R., Singh, Alaka, Weisse, B. (2005), ‘Shareholder Value Maximisation, Stock Market and New Technology: Should the US Corporate Model Be the Universal Standard?’, Asia–Europe Papers, Discussion Paper No. 1, July 2005. Also published as CBR Working Paper 315. Subsequently published in International Review of Applied Economics, Vol.19, No.4, October 2005, pp.419–437. (A70) Singh, A and A. Zammit, (2006) ‘Corporate Governance, Crony Capitalism and Economic Crises: Should the US Business Model Replace the Asian Way of Doing Business?’ Working Paper, 329, June, Working Paper Series, Cambridge Centre for Business Research, Cambridge. Subsequently published in revised form in Corporate Governance: An International Review, Vol.14, No.4, July 2006, pp: 220–233. (A71) Singh, A., (2006) ‘Stock Market and Economic Development’ in Clark, David Alexander (ed.) Te Elgar Companion to Development Studies, pp. 584–590, Edward Elgar, UK 2006. (A72) Singh, A., (2007) ‘Economic Crisis and the Asian Way of Doing Business’, Te Business Economist, Vol.38, No.2, 2007, pp: 9–21. Tis paper was short-listed for the ‘Rybzcynski Prize’. (A73) Fagernas, S., P. Sarkar, A.Singh (2007) ‘Te Legal Protection of Investors and Stock Market Development’, 343. Subsequently published in revised form in Gugler, K. and B. Yurtoglu (eds.) Te Economics of Corporate Governance and Mergers, Edward Elgar, 2008, pp. 20–54. (A74) Armour, J., Deakin, S., Sarkar, P., Siems, M., Singh, A. (2007) ‘Shareholder Protection and Stock Market Development: An Empirical Test of the Legal Origins Hypothesis’, Cambridge University Centre for Business Research (CBR) Working Paper 358. Also available as European Corporate Governance Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 387

Institute (ECGI) Law Working Paper No.108/2008. A revised version of this paper has been published in the Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, Vol.6, No.2, June 2009, pp: 343–380. Tis paper won a €5000 award for being the best law working paper in the year 2008. (A75) Fagernas, S., Sarkar, P. and Singh, A., (2007) ‘Legal Origin, Shareholder Protection and the Stock Market: New Challenges from Time Series Analysis’, ESRC Centre for Business Research Working Paper No. 343, University of Cambridge. (A76) Deakin, S. and Singh, A. (2008) ‘Te Stock Market, the Market for Corporate Control and the Teory of the Firm: Legal and Economic Perspectives and Implications for Public Policy’. Cambridge University CBR Working Paper No. 365. Published subsequently in a revised form in Bjuggren, P., and Mueller, D.C., (eds.) Te Modern Firm, Corporate Governance and Investment Elgar Publications, 2009. pp: 185–222. (A77) Singh A. (2008) ‘Stock Markets in Low and Middle Income Countries’, Cambridge University CBR Working Paper No. 377. December. (A78) Singh, A. (2010) ‘Are the Institutions of the Stock Market and the Market for Corporate Control Evolutionary Advances for Developing Countries?’ in Fontana, G., McCombie, J. and Sawyer, M. (eds.), Macroeconomics, Finance and Money: Essays in honour of Philip Arestis, Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 311–326. (A79) P. Arestis and Ajit Singh (2010) ‘Globalisation, institutional transformation and equity’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, volume 34, no.2, pp. 225–238. (A80) Sarkar Prabirjit and Singh, A. (2010) ‘Law, fnance and development: further analyses of longitudinal data’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, volume 34, no.2, pp. 325–346. (A81) Singh, A. and Zammit, A. (2010) ‘Te global economic and fnancial crisis: A review and commentary’, Cambridge University CBR WP. 388 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

(A82) Singh, A. and Zammit, A. (2011), ‘Te Global Economic and Financial Crisis: Which Way Forward?’, in P. Arestis, R. Sobreira and Oreiro, J.L. (eds.), An Assessment of the Global Impact of the Financial Crisis, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. (A83) Singh, A. (2011) ‘Comparative Advantage, Industrial Policy and the World Bank: Back to First Principles’, Cambridge University CBR Working Paper No. 418, March. Tis paper has also been published in Policy Studies: Vol. 32, Issue 4, 2011 pp. 447–460. (A84) Deakin, S., P.Sarkar and A.Singh (2011) ‘An End to Consensus? Legal origins theory and the selective impact of corporate law reform on fnancial development’, Cambridge University CBR Working Paper 423, June. Tis paper has also been published in Masahiko Aoki, Kennieth Binmore, Simon Deakin and Herbert Gintis (eds.) Complexity, Norms and Organizations, International Economic Association: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. (A85) Singh, A. (2012) Financial Globalisation and Human Development, Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, Vol. 13, Issue 1 2012, pp. 135–151. (A86) Sheng, A. and Singh, A. (2012) Te Challenge of Islamic Finance, Financial Times Deutschland (published in Germany) on 17th April 2012, and also published in English Project Syndicate on 16th April 2012. (A87) Sheng, A. and Singh, A. (2012) Islamic Finance: Conceptual And Analytical Issues from the Perspective of Conventional Economics, Cambridge CBR Working Paper No.435, April 2012. (A88) Sheng, A. and Singh, A. (2013) Islamic Finance: Conceptual and Analytical Issues from the Perspective of Conventional Economics, Chapter 2, Zamir Iqbal and Abbas Mirakhor (eds.) Economic Development and Islamic Finance, World Bank, Washington DC, pp. 67–92. (A89) Sheng, A. and Singh, A. (2013) Islamic Stock Markets in a Global Context, Chapter 10, Zamir Iqbal and Abbas Mirakhor (eds.) Economic Development and Islamic Finance, World Bank, Washington DC, pp. 275–296. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 389

(A90) Singh, A. and Singh, G (2013) Almost Steady East Asian Rise: Implications for Labour Markets and Income Distribution (under review). (A91) Singh, A. (2013) New Developments in the World Economy: A Tough Agenda for MICs (under review). (A92) Singh, A. (2013) Competition, Competition Policy, Competitiveness, Globalisation and Development. To be published in Elgar Handbook of Alternative Teories of Economic Development, edited by Ghosh J.

Work in Progress

In relation to the contributions above, my long-term research programme has been to investigate the workings of the fnancial markets and examine their implications for the real economy. I have focussed increasingly during the last ten years or more on emerging markets. Te current themes of the research programme are (a) issues of stock market, corporate control and corporate governance, including those related to the fnancial crisis in East Asia; (b) analyses of micro as well as macroeconomic aspects of foreign capital fows into these economies; (c) the current global economic and fnancial crisis. I am pres- ently carrying out research projects on these subjects at the Cambridge Endowment for Research in Finance (CERF) at the Judge Business School, Cambridge, in collaboration with colleagues from the IFC (World Bank) and Universities of Birmingham, Copenhagen and Vienna. Te research programme has been consolidated and extended to include work on law and fnance at the Centre for Business Research (CBR) in Cambridge. Te latter project is being carried out in collaboration with Professor Simon Deakin of the Law Faculty, Cambridge and Professor John Armour of the Law Faculty at Oxford. 390 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

(B) De-industrialisation and Long Term Structural Changes in the United Kingdom and other Advanced Economies; North–South Competition and Issues of Employment and Unemployment in the North and the South; Liberalisation and Globalisation of Financial, Labour and Product Markets.

Published (B1) Singh, A., (1977) ‘UK industry and the world economy: A case of de-industrialisation?’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, Vol. 1, No. 2. (Also published in Jacquemin, A.P. and de Jong, H.W. (eds.), Welfare Aspects of Industrial Markets, Nijenrode Studies in Economics, Vol. 2, Te Hague, 1977. Also republished in Feinstein, C.H. (ed.), ‘Te Managed Economy: Essays in British Economic Policy and Performance since 1930’, Economic History Society, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1983.) (B2) Singh, A., (1979) ‘North Sea oil and the reconstruction of UK industry’, in Blackaby, F. (ed.), De-industrialisation, National Institute of Economic and Social Research, Economic Policy Paper 2, Heinemann, London. (B3) Singh, A., (1980) ‘De-industrialisation in the UK and investment planning’, in Hafkamp, W. and Reuten, G. (eds.), ‘Investment and Unemployment: Perspectives on Policy and Planning’, Samson, Alphen a/d Rijn, Brussels. (B4) Singh, A., (1980) ‘Industrial policy and the economics of disequilibrium: A reply to Professors de Jong and Van der Zwan’, in Hafkamp, W. and Reuten, G. (eds.), ‘Investment and Unemployment: Perspectives on Policy and Planning’, Samson, Alphen a/d Rijn, Brussels. (B5) Singh, A., (1981) ‘Tird World industrialisation and the structure of the world economy’, in Currie, D., Peel, D. and Peters, W., (eds.), Microeconomic Analysis: Essays in Microeconomics and Economic Development, Croom Helm, London. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 391

(B6) Singh, A., (1982) ‘Structural changes in the UK economy: A long-term structural analysis of the UK’s trade with less developed countries and its impact on the UK economy’, UNIDO, Vienna. (B7) Singh, A., (1981) ‘Uncertainty, multiple objectives and optimal regulation: Te regulation of the petroleum industry in Norway’, a comment on Mr. Ekbo’s paper, in Barker, T. and Brailovsky, V. (eds.), Oil or Industry?, Academic Press, London. (B8) Singh, A., (1984) ‘Long-term structural disequilibrium of the UK economy: Employment, trade and import controls’, in Parboni, R. (ed.), L’Europa Nella Crisi Economica Mondiale, Franco Agnelli, Milan. (Also published in Sjostedt, G. and Sunderlius, B. (eds.), Free Trade — Managed Trade? Perspectives on a Realistic International Trade Order, Te Swedish Institute of International Afairs/Westview Press, London, 1986.) (B9)2 Singh, A., (1985) ‘Te world trading and payments system, economic growth and structural change’, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. XX, No. 1, January. Singh, Ajit, International debt: Systematic risk and policy response: William R. Cline, (Institute for International Economics, Washington, DC, 1984) pp. XIX +317. Journal of Development Economics, Vol 22, No.2, pp. 396–399. (B10) Singh, A., (1987) ‘Manufacturing and de-industrialisation’, in Te New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, Macmillan, London. (B11) Glyn, A., Hughes, A., Lipietz, A. and Singh, A. (1988) ‘Te Rise and Fall of the Golden Age’, Cambridge Working Paper in Economics 884, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge. (B12) Singh, A., (1989) ‘Tird World competition and de-industrialisation in advanced countries’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, March. (Also republished in Lawson, T., Palma, J.G. and Sender, J. (eds.), Kaldor’s Political Economy, Academic Press, London, 1989.)

2In the original cv, B9 includes two entries, as reproduced here. 392 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

(B13) Glyn, A., Hughes, A., Lipietz, A. and Singh, A., (1990) ‘Te rise and fall of the Golden Age: A historical analysis of post- war capitalism in the developed market economies’, in Marglin, S. and Schor, J. (eds.), ‘Te Golden Age of Capitalism: Re-interpreting the Post-War Experience’, Clarendon Press, Oxford. (B14) Singh, A., (1990) ‘Global rules and a new Golden Age: Southern competition, labour standards and industrial development in the North and the South’, in ‘Labour Standards, Development and the Global Economy’, US Department of Labor, Washington, DC. (B15) Singh, A. (1990). ‘Te Institution of a Stockmarket in a Socialist Economy: Notes on the Chinese Economic Reform Program’, MPRA Paper 24324, University Library of Munich, Germany. (B16) Singh, A., (1991) ‘International competitiveness and industrial policy’, in Ul Haque, Irfan (ed.), International Competitiveness, EDI Seminar Series, World Bank, Washington, DC. (B17) Singh, A., (1991) ‘Labour markets and structural adjustments: A global view’, in Standing, Guy and Tokman, Victor (eds.), Towards Social Adjustment: Labour Market Issues in Structural Adjustment, ILO, Geneva. (B18) Singh, A., (1992) ‘Industrial policy in the South: Alternative perspectives for the 1990s’, in Cowling, Keith and Sugden, Roger (eds.), Current Issues in Industrial Strategy, Manchester University Press, Manchester. (B19) Singh, A., (1992) ‘Comment: Te political economy of growth’, in Michie, J. (ed.), Te Economic Legacy 1979–1992, Academic Press, London. (B20) Chang, H. and Singh, A., (1993) ‘Public enterprises in developing countries and economic efciency: Analytical, empirical and policy issues’, UNCTAD Review, No. 4. (B21) Singh, A., (1994) ‘Global economic changes, skills and international competitiveness’, International Labour Review, No. 2, Vol. 133, pp. 167–183. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 393

(B22) Singh, A., (1994) ‘Growing independently of the world economy: Asian economic development since 1980’, UNCTAD Review, September, pp. 91–106. (B23) Singh, A., (1994) ‘Industrial policy in Europe: Implications for developing countries’, in Bianchi, P., Cowling, K. and Sugden, R. (eds.), Europe’s Economic Challenge, Routledge, London, pp. 60–78. (B24) Singh, A. (1994) ‘Du plan au marché: la réforme maîtrisée en Chine’, Revue Tiers Monde, Programme National Persée, Vol.35, No.139, pp.659–684. (B25) Singh, A. and Zammit, J. A., (1995) ‘Employment and unemployment: North and South’, in Grieve-Smith, J. and Michie, J. (eds.), Managing the Global Economy, Oxford University Press, pp. 93–110. (B26) Howes, C. and Singh, A., (1995) ‘Long-term trends in the world economy: Te gender dimension’, World Development, Vol. 23, No. 11, November, pp. 1895–1911. (B27) Singh, A., (1995) ‘Institutional requirements for full employment in advanced economies’, International Labour Review, Vol. 135, No. 4–5, December. (B28) Singh, A., (1995) review of Wood, Adrian, North–South Trade Employment and Inequality, Economic Journal, Vol. 105, No. 432, September, pp. 1287–1289. (B29) Singh, A., (1996) ‘Expanding employment in the global economy: Te high road or the low road’, in Arestis, P., Palma, G. and Sawyer, M. (eds.), Essays in Honour of Geof Harcourt, Edward Elgar, London. (B30) Singh, A., (1996) ‘Supporting the South’s industrial revolution after the Cold War: Developing countries and the emerging new international economic order’, in Bourantonis, D. and Evriviades, M. (eds.), ‘A United Nation for the Twenty- frst Century: Peace, Security and Development’, Kluwer Law International, Te Netherlands, pp. 287–306. (B31) Singh, A., (1996) ‘Te world economy under the market supremacy model and Tird World industrialisation’, Malcolm Adiseshiah Memorial Lecture given to the 1995 Annual 394 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

Meeting of the Indian Economic Association, published in the Indian Economic Journal, Vol. 44, No. 1, July–September. (B32) Singh, A., (1996) ‘Te post-Uruguay round world trading system, industrialisation, trade and development’, in Expansion of Trading Opportunities to the Year 2000 for Asia-Pacifc Developing Countries, United Nations, Geneva. (B33) Singh, A. (1996) ‘Pension Reform, the Stock Market, Capital Formation and Economic Growth: A Critical Commentary on the World Bank’s Proposals, SCEPA Working Papers 1996-03, Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis (SCEPA), Te New School, New York. (B34) Singh, A., (1997) ‘Liberalisation and globalisation: An unhealthy euphoria’, in Michie, Jonathan and Grieve-Smith, John (eds.), Employment and Economic Performance, Oxford University Press. (B35) Chang, H-J. and Singh, A., (1997) ‘Can large frms be run efciently without being bureaucratic? Some critical comments on Bureaucrats in Business’, Journal of International Development, Vol. 9, No. X. (B36) Singh, A., (1997) ‘Catching up with the West: A perspective on Asian economic development and lessons for Latin America’, in Emmerij, Louis (ed.), Economic and Social Development into the XXI Century, Inter-American Development Bank, Washington, DC. (B37) Singh, A. and Zammit, J.A., (1998) ‘Foreign direct investment: Towards co-operative institutional arrangements between the North and the South?’, in Michie, J. and Smith, J. (eds.), Globalisation, Growth and Governance, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 30–49. (B38) Singh, A., (1998), ‘Financial Crisis in East Asia: Te End of the Asian Model?’, ILO Discussion Paper No. 24, Geneva, November. (B39) Singh, A. (1998) ‘Global Unemployment, Longrun Economic Growth and Labour Market Rigidities: A Commentary’, MPRA Paper 24285, University Library of Munich, Germany. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 395

(B40) Howes, C. and Singh, A., (1999) ‘National Competitiveness, Dynamics of Adjustment and Long Term Economic Growth: Conceptual, Empirical and Policy Issues’. DAE Discussion Papers in Finance and Accounting. No. AF43. University of Cambridge (wp). (B41) Singh, A., (1999) ‘Asian capitalism and the fnancial crisis’, in Global Instability and World Economic Governance, Grieve- Smith, John and Michie, Jonathan (eds.), Routledge, London (1999), pp 9–36. Also published in International Capital Market: Systems in Transitions, John Eatwell and Lance Taylor (eds.), Oxford University Press (2002), pp. 339–368. (B42) Singh, A. and Weisse, B., (1999) ‘Te Asian model: A crisis foretold?’, International Social Science Journal, No. 160, pp. 203–215. (B43) Chang, H-J. and Singh. A., (1999) ‘Lessons from the Asian Crisis’, the South Letter, Volume 1 & 2, No. 33, pp. 5–8. (B44) Singh, A., (1999) ‘Asian Crisis: What really happened in Asia?’, Economic Bulletin, National Institute for Economic Policy, Vol.1, No.1, pp. 13–16. (B45) Howes, C. and Singh, A. (eds.), (2000) Competitiveness Matters: Industry and Economic Performance in the US, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, USA. Tis is a book of essays on the analytical and policy issues related to the performance of US industry in the world economy. Tese papers were presented at a conference which Candace Howes and I organised at the University of Notre Dame. Te book includes contributions by leading American economists working in this area, as well as a substantial introductory chapter by Candace Howes and myself. Te latter reviews and advances further the debate on the concept of competitiveness and its application to the US economy. Tis chapter also interprets inter alia US de-industrialisation issues in terms of the analyses and concepts of Cambridge economists. In addition, I also contribute an essay (listed at A27) analysing the relationship between the Anglo-Saxon fnancial system, the market for corporate control and international competitiveness. 396 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

Tis book received very favourable review both in the Economic Journal and the Journal of Economic Literature. (B46) Howes, C. and Singh, A. (2000) ‘Competitiveness Matters: An Introduction’, in B40, pp. 1–30. (B47) Singh, A., (1999) ‘Global Unemployment, Long-run Economic Growth and Labour Market Rigidities: A Commentary’, a Special Contribution, in ‘Perspectives on Globalization and Employment, Dibroy’, B. (ed.), Ofce of Development Studies Discussion Paper Series, UNDP, pp. 50–69. (B48) Singh, A. (2000), Foreword to Kitson, Michael and Michie, Jonathan Te Political Economy of Competitiveness, Routledge. (B49) Singh, A., and Zammit, A., (2000) Te Global Labour Standards Controversy: Critical Issues for Developing Countries, South Centre, Geneva, ISBN 929162 0130; ISSN 1607-5323. (B50) Singh, A., and B. Weisse, (2001) ‘Deindustrialisation’, in Jonathan Michie (ed.) Reader's Guide to the Social Sciences, Vol. 1, London, Fitzroy Dearborn. (B51) Singh, A., (2002) ‘Capital Account Liberalisation, Free Long-term Capital Flows, Financial Crises and Economic Development’, CBR Working Paper No. 245, University of Cambridge, December. Subsequently published in a revised form in the Eastern Economic Journal, Vol. 29, no.2, Spring 2003, pp. 191–216. Also published in Globalisation, Regionalism and Economic Activity, P. Arestis, M. Baddeley and J. McCombie (eds.), Edward Elgar, UK and US, 2003. pp. 15–46. (B52) Singh, A., and B. Weisse, (2001), ‘Asian Model of Capitalism’, in Jonathan Michie (ed.) Reader's Guide to the Social Sciences, Vol. 1, London, Fitzroy Dearborn. (B53) Singh, A., (2001) ‘Income Inequality in Advanced Economies: A Critical Examination of the Trade and Technology Teories and an Alternative Perspective’, Working Paper No. 219, Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge. Subsequently published in Work and Well-Being in the age of Finance, Jayati Ghosh and C.P. Chandrasekhar (eds), Tulika Books, New Delhi, India (2003). pp. 349–363. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 397

(B54) Singh, A. (2003) ‘Special and Diferential Treatment, the Multilateral Trading System and Economic Development in the 21st Century’, MPRA Paper 24301, University of Munich, Germany. (B55) Singh, A., and Zammit, J.A., (2003), ‘Globalisation, Labour Standards and Economic Development’ Working Paper No.257, Working Paper Series, Cambridge Centre for Business Research, Cambridge. Subsequently published in revised form in Jonathan Michie (ed.), Te Handbook of Globalisation, Edward Elgar, pp. 191–215. (B56) Singh, A., and Zammit, J.A. (2004) ‘Labour Standards and the “Race to the Bottom”: Re-thinking Globalization and Workers’ Rights from Developmental and Solidaristic Perspectives’ CBR Working Paper 279, March 2004. A revised version of this paper was subsequently published in the Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Vol. 20, No. 1, Spring, pp. 85–104. (B57) Singh, A., and Dhumale, R. (2004), ‘Globalisation, Technology, and Income Inequality: A Critical Analysis’, in Cornea, G.A. (ed.), ‘Inequality, Growth, and Poverty in an era of Liberalization and Globalisation’. UNU-WIDER Studies in Development Economics, UNU-WIDER and UNDP, Oxford University Press, pp. 145–165. (B58) Singh, A. (2004) ‘Introductory Note to the Prebsich Report’, Recalling UNCTAD I at UNCTAD XI, South Centre, Geneva, June, 2004. (B59) Singh, A. (2004), ‘Corporate Proftability and Competition in Emerging Markets’ in Luthra, M. (ed.), Tapping UK’s Diversity to Connect with Emerging Markets with Special Reference to India and China. A Consultation Day Seminar Report on the White Paper — Globalisation, A Force for Good, UK Department of Trade and Investment. (B60) Singh, A. (2005) ‘IED, globalizacion y desarrollo economio: hacia la reforma de las reglas del juego nacionales e internac- ionales’, in Ekonomiaz. No. 55 – Ier, 2005, Eusko Jaurlaritza Gobierno Vasco, pp. 14–39. 398 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

(B61) Singh, A. (2005) ‘Special and Diferential Treatment: Te Multilateral Trading System and Economic Development in the Twenty-frst Century’, in Gallagher, Kevin P. (ed.) Putting Development First, Zed Books, London, 2005, pp. 233–263. (B62) Singh, A., (2005) ‘Globalisation and the Regulation of FDI: New Proposals from the European Community and Japan’. Contributions to Political Economy, Vol. 24, pp. 99–121. (B63) Singh, A. (2005) ‘FDI, Globalisation and Economic Development: Towards Reforming National and International Rules of the Game’. CBR Working Paper Series no 304, March 2005. (B64) Dasgupta, S. and Singh, A. (2005) ‘Will Services be the New Engine of Indian Economic growth?’ Working Paper 310, Working Paper Series, Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge, September 2005. Subsequently published in Development and Change, Volume 36, Number 6, pp. 1035–1057. (B65) Dasgupta, S. and Ajit Singh, (2006) ‘Manufacturing, services and premature de-industrialisation in developing countries: a Kaldorian empirical analysis’. Working Paper 327, Working Paper Series, Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge, June 2006. Subsequently re-published in Mavrotas, George and Anthony Shorrocks (eds), Advancing Development: Core Temes in Global Economics, Palgrave MacMillan in association with the United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (WIDER), pp. 435–456, 2007 (B66) Fagernas, S. and Singh, A. (2006) ‘Globalisation, instability and economic insecurity’ Working Paper 328, June 2006, Working Paper Series, Cambridge Centre for Business Research, Cambridge. (B67) Singh, A. (2006) ‘William Brian Reddaway 1913–2002 Memorial’. Proceedings of the British Academy, 138, 285–306. Te British Academy 2006. (B68) Singh, A., Fagernas, S. and Saint-Girons, A. (2006) ‘Globalisation, instabilité et insécurité économiqué’, Revue Tiers Monde, Programme National Persée, Vol. 47, No. 186, pp. 391–420. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 399

(B69) Singh, A. (2007) ‘Capital account liberalization, free long-term capital fows, fnancial crises and economic development’ in Shaikh, Anwar (ed.) Globalization and the Myths of Free Trade, pp. 259–287, Routledge, Oxon, 2007. (B70) Singh, A. (2007) ‘Legacy — Lal Jayawardena: Crafting Development Policy’, in Mavrotas, George and Anthony Shorrocks (eds), Advancing Development: Core Temes in Global Economics, Palgrave MacMillan in association with the United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (WIDER), pp. xxxv-xxxviii, 2007. (B71) Singh, A. (2007) ‘Does Integration of India and China with the World Economy Harm the US Workers? A Commentary on the Freeman Tesis’, Te Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Vol.50, No.3, July–September 2007, pp. 457–466. (B72) Singh, A. (2008) ‘Better to be Rough and Relevant than to be Precise and Irrelevant. Reddaway’s Legacy to Economics’, Cambridge University CBR Working Paper No. 379, December. Published subsequently in a revised form in Cambridge Journal of Economics, volume 33.3, 2009 pp. 363–380. (B73) Singh, Ajit (2008) ‘Te Past, Present and Future of Industrial Policy in India: Adapting to the Changing Domestic and International Environment’ Cambridge University CBR Working Paper No. 376, December. Subsequently published in a revised form in Cimoli, M, G. Dosi and Stiglitz J. (eds.) Industrial Policy and Development. Te Political Economy of Capabilities and Accumulation Oxford Press 2009, pp. 277–302. (Professor Stiglitz is a Nobel laureate in economics and this is a high profle book edited by him). (B74) Singh, A. (2008) ‘Full Employment and Decent Work under Alternative Capitalisms: Conceptual Issues and a Historical and Institutional Narrative’. ILO (Geneva) Discussion Paper. (B75) Singh, A. (2008) ‘Historical Examination of the Golden Age of Full Employment in Western Europe’, in Missing Links in the Unemployment Relationship, Arestis, P. and McCombie, J., (eds). 2009. Palgrave MacMillan, UK, pp. 51–71. 400 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

(B76) Singh, A. and Wilkinson F. (2009) ‘Introduction to the Reddaway Symposium’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, volume 33 no. 3, May, pp. 357–362. (B77) Singh, A. (2009) ‘Globalisation, Openness and Economic Nationalism: Conceptual Issues and Asian Practise’, MPRA Paper 24287, University Library of Munich, Germany. (B78) Singh, A. (2010) ‘Globalisation, Openness and Economic Nationalism: Conceptual Issues and Asian Practice’. Cambridge CBR Working Paper No.404. Revised version of the paper has been published in Anthony De Costa (ed.), ‘Globalization and Economic Nationalism in Asia’, Oxford University Publications, 2012. (B79) Izurieta, A. and A. Singh (2010), ‘Does Fast Growth in India and China Help or Harm US Workers?’ Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, 11.1, 2010 pp. 115–140. (B80) Arestis, P. and Singh, A. (2010) ‘Financial Globalisation and Crisis, Institutional Transformation and Equity’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, Oxford University Press, Vol.34, No.2, March, pp. 225–238. (B81) Cripps, F., Izurieta, A. and Singh, A. (2011) ‘Global Imbalances, Under-Consumption and Over-Borrowing: Te State of the World Economy and Future Policies’ CBR WP No. 419, March. It has subsequently been published as: Cripps, F., Izurieta, A. and Singh, A. (2011) ‘Global Imbalances, Under-Consumption and Over-Borrowing: Te State of the World Economy and Future Policies, in Development and Change, Vol. 42, No. 1, Jan 2011, pp. 228–261. (B82) Singh, A. (2011) ‘Financial Globalization and Human Development’ CBR Working Paper No. 421, June. Tis has subsequently been accepted for publication and is forthcoming as below: Singh, A. (2012) ‘Financial Globalisation and Human Development’, in the Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, Vol.13, Issue 1, pp. 135–151. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 401

(B83) Singh, A., and Zammit, A. (2011) ‘Te Global Economic and Financial Crisis: Which Way Forward?’, in P. Arestis, R. Sobreira and Oreiro, J.L. (eds.), An Assessment of the Global Impact of the Financial Crisis, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. (B84) Singh, A., and Zammit, A. (2011) ‘Globalisation, labour standards and economic development’, a revised paper for publication in Jonathan Michie (ed.), Te Handbook of Globalisation, second edition, Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, pp. 230–256. (B85) Sheng, A. and Singh, A. (2011) ‘Islamic Finance: Conceptual And Analytical Issues From Te Perspective of Conventional Economics’, Public Lecture, Central Bank of Malaysia (Bank Negara), November. (B86) Sheng, A and Singh, A. (2012), Te Challenge of Islamic Finance, Financial Times Deutschland (published in Germany) on 17th April 2012, and also published in English Project Syndicate on 16th April 2012. (B87) Sheng, A. and Singh, A. (2012) ‘Islamic Finance: Conceptual and Analytical Issues from the Perspective of Conventional Economics, Cambridge CBR Working Paper No.430, April 2012. Also forthcoming in: Zamir Iqbal and Abbas Mirakhor (ed.) Collection of Essays on Islamic Finance for the World Bank: Washington DC. (B88) Singh, A. (2013) ‘Te Economic and Financial Crisis of 2008- 2010: Te International Dimension’, forthcoming in Gerald Epstein and Martin Wolfson (ed.) Te Oxford Handbook of the Political Economy of Financial Crises, Oxford University Press, New York. (B89) Singh, A. (2013) ‘Full Employment in Western Europe and the Regulatory Regime: An Institutional and Historical Analysis Together with a Commentary on Government as an Entrepreneur’, (under review). 402 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

Work in Progress My continuing research under B is broadly concerned with analysing the impact of globalisation and specifcally the WTO dis- ciplines on industrial development in emerging countries. Te issue of labour standards and that of providing jobs for fast-growing labour-forces in many emerging markets are also critical to this research. Tis work also examines afresh the question of economic nationalism in the context of fnancial globalisation and the current global crisis.

Published (C1) Singh, A. (1973), ‘Die Politische Oekonomie der Sozialistischen Entwicklung in China seit 1948’, lecture delivered in 1972 at the University of Heidelberg and subsequently published in Hennicke, P. (ed.), ‘Probleme des Sozialismus und der Uebergangsgesellschaften’, Frankfurt a. M., 1973. Published in English in Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. VIII, No. 47. (C2) Paine, S.H. and Singh, A. (1973), ‘Te Shanghai diesel engine factory’, Cambridge Review, No. 94, June 1973. (C3) Singh, A. (1975), ‘An Essay on the Political Economy of Chinese Development’, Tames Papers in Political Economy, London. (C4) Singh, A. (1979), ‘Te “basic needs” approach to development and the new international economic order: Te signifcance of Tird World industrialisation’, World Development, Vol. 7, June 1979. (C5) Singh, A. (1982), ‘Industrialisation in Africa: A structural- ist view’, in Fransman, M. (ed.), Industry and Accumulation in Africa, Heinemann, London. (C6) Singh, A. (1982), ‘Foreign aid for structural change: Industrial development policy issues in Lesotho’, in Fransman, M. (ed.), Industry and Accumulation in Africa, Heinemann, London. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 403

(C7) Singh, A. (1981), ‘Mexican economy at the crossroads: Policy options in a semi-industrial oil exporting country’, a commentary on Mr. Brailovsky’s paper, in Barker, T. and Brailovsky, V. (eds.), Oil or Industry?, Academic Press, London. (C8) Eatwell, J.L. and Singh, A. (1981) ‘Is the Mexican economy overheated: Some issues of short and medium-term economic policy’, Economia Mexicana. (C9) Eatwell, J.L. and Singh, A. (1981), ‘Is the Mexican economy overheated: A further note on imports and capacity utilisation’, Economia Mexicana. (C10) Singh, A. (1982), ‘Te present crisis of the Mexican economy from a Mexican perspective’, South, October edition. (C11) Singh, A. (1982), ‘Basic needs and industrialisation’, in ILO, Basic Needs in Danger: A Basic Needs Oriented Development Strategy for Tanzania, Addis Ababa. (C12) Singh, A. (1983), ‘Ante Un Mundo En Desequilibrio, El Neoliberalismo No Podra Dar Recomendaciones Adecuadas: Quienes las Sigan Marcharan Por Mal Comino’, in Sohel Rifka (ed) Los Modelos de la Crisis, Ildis, Ecuador, pp. 141–150. (C13) Singh, A. (1984), ‘Te present crisis of the Tanzanian economy: Notes on the economics and politics of devaluation’, African Development, Vol. IX, No. 2. (Also published in JASPA/ILO, ‘Te Challenge of Employment and Basic Needs in Africa’, Oxford University Press, Nairobi, 1986.) (C14) Singh, A. (1984), ‘Deceleration in world economic growth and industrial development in the Tird World: UNCTAD twenty years on’, Bulletin of the Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, Vol. 15, No. 3, July 1984. (C15) Singh, A. (1984), ‘Te interrupted industrial revolution of the Tird World: Prospects and policies for resumption’, Industry and Development, No. 12. (Also published in Sjostedt, G. and Sunderlius, B. (eds.), Free Trade — Managed Trade? Perspectives on a Realistic International Trade Order, Swedish Institute of International Afairs/Westview Press, London, 1986.) 404 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

(C16) Singh, A. (1985), ‘Te continuing crisis of the Tanzanian economy: Te political economy of alternative policy options’, African Development, Vol. X, No. 1/2. (C17) Singh, A. (1986), ‘Crisis and recovery in the Mexican economy: Te role of the capital goods sector’, in M. Fransman (ed.), Machinery and Economic Development, Macmillan, London. (C18) Singh, A. (1986), ‘Tanzania and the IMF: Te analytics of alternative adjustment programmes’, Development and Change. (C19) Singh, A. (1986), ‘Te great continental divide: Te Asian and Latin American countries in the world economic crisis’, Labour and Society, Vol. I, No. 3, September 1986. (C20) Singh, A. (1986), ‘Te IMF-World Bank policy programme in Africa: A commentary’, in Lawrence, P. (ed.), Te World Recession and the Food Crisis in Africa, James Currey/Review of African Political Economy, London. (C21) Singh, A. (1986), ‘Te world economic crisis, stabilisation and structural adjustment: An overview’, Labour and Society, Vol. I, No. 3, September 1986. (C22) Singh, A. (1987), ‘Exogenous shocks and de-industrialisation in Africa: Prospects and strategies for re-industrialisation’, in RISNODEC, African Economic Crisis, New Delhi. (C23) Singh, A. (1988), ‘Employment and output in a semi-industrial economy: Modelling alternative policy options in Mexico’, in Hopkins, M. (ed.), Employment Forecasting, Pinter Publishers, London. (C24) Singh, A. and Ghosh, J. (1988), ‘Import liberalisation and the new industrial strategy: An analysis of their impact on output and employment in the Indian economy’, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. XXIII, Nos. 45, 46 and 47, special number 1988. (C25) Singh, A. (1988), ‘Industrial policy in developing countries: Te foreign exchange cost of exports’, Industry and Development, No. 23. (C26) Singh, A. (1988), ‘La Révolution Industrielle Inachevée du Tiers Monde’, Revue Tiers-Monde, Tome XXIX, No. 115, Juillet–Septembre 1988. Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 405

(C27) Singh, A. and Tabatabai, H. (1990), ‘Facing the crisis: Tird World agriculture in the 1980s’, International Labour Review, Vol. 129, No. 4. (C28) Hughes, A. and Singh, A. (1991), ‘Te world economic slow- down and the Asian and Latin American economies: A comparative analysis of economic structure, policy and performance’, in Banuri, T. (ed.), Economic Liberalisation: No Panacea, Clarendon Press, Oxford. (C29) Harcourt, G.C., and Singh, Ajit, (1991). ‘Sukhamoy Chakravarty, 26 July 1934–22 August 1990’, Cambridge Journal of Economics. (C30) Singh, A. (1992), ‘Urbanisation, poverty and employment: Te large metropolis in the Tird World’, Contributions to Political Economy, Vol. 11. (C31) Singh, A. (1992), ‘Te actual crisis of economic development in the 1980s: An alternative perspective for the future’, in Dutt, A. and Jameson, K. (eds.), New Directions in Development Economics, Edward Elgar, London. (C32) Singh, A. and Tabatabai, H. (1992), ‘Agriculture and economic development in the 1990s: A new analytical and policy agenda’, International Labour Review, Vol. 131. (C33) Singh, A. (1992), Te lost decade: the economic crisis of the Tird World in the 1980’, Contention, Vol.1, No. 3, Spring, pp. 131–159. (C34) Singh, A. (1992), Reply to Professor Frieden, Contention. Vol. 1, No. 3, Spring, pp. 167–70. (C35) Singh, A. and Tabatabai, H. (eds.), (1993), ‘Economic Crisis and Tird World Agriculture’, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Tis book argues that there is a rather diferent analytical and policy agenda concerning the role of agriculture in economic development which is much more relevant in many developing countries today than the traditional one. Te essays included in this book address parts of this new agenda and examine two kinds of issues: (a) those related to the role of agriculture in the Tird World’s economic crisis, either as a contrib- uting factor in causing the crisis or as a means to its solution; 406 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

(b) those concerning agriculture’s role in longer term development strategy in the light of the profound changes in the production structure which have already taken place in a number of developing countries, particularly in Asia and Latin America, during the last four decades. (C36) Singh, A. and Tabatabai, H. (1993), ‘Tird World agriculture in a crisis environment: Analytical and policy issues’, in Economic Crisis and Tird World Agriculture, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. (C37) Singh, A. and Tabatabai, H. (1993), ‘Te world economic crisis and Tird World agriculture in the 1980s’, in Economic Crisis and Tird World Agriculture, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. (C38) Singh, A. (1993), ‘Asian economic success and Latin American failure in the 1980s: New analyses and future policy implications’, International Review of Applied Economics, Vol. 7, No. 3. (C39) Singh, A. (1993), ‘“Close” vs. “strategic” integration with the world economy and “market-friendly approach to development” vs. an “industrial policy’’’, University of Duisburg, INEF Report, Heft 4. (C40) Singh, A. (1994), ‘Openness and market-friendly approach to development: Learning the right lessons from development experience’, World Development, Vol. 22, No. 12, December 1994, pp. 1811–1823. (C41) Dutt, A., Kim, K. and Singh, A. (eds.), (1994), ‘Te State, Markets and Development’, Edward Elgar, London. (C42) Singh, A. (1994), ‘State intervention and the market-friendly approach to development: A critical analysis of the World Bank theses’, in Dutt, A., Kim, K. and Singh, A. (eds.), Te State, Markets and Development, Edward Elgar, London, pp. 38–61. (C43) Dutt, A., Kim, K. and Singh, A. (1994), ‘Te state, markets and development: An introduction’, in Dutt, A., Kim, K. and Singh, A. (eds.), Te State, Markets and Development, Edward Elgar, London, pp. 3–21. (C44) Singh, A. (1994), ‘Te present state of industry in the Tird World: Prospects and policies for the future’, in Chadha, Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 407

G.K. (ed.), Sectoral Issues in the Indian Economy: Policy and Perspectives, Har-Anand Publications, New Delhi. (C45) Singh, A. (1994), ‘From the plan to the market: Controlled reform in China’ (in French), Revue Tiers-Monde, Tome XXXV, No. 139, July–September 1994, pp. 659–684. (C46) Singh, A. (1995), ‘Te state and industrialisation in India: Successes and failures and lessons for the future’, in Chang, H. and Rowthorn, R.E. (eds.), Te Role of the State in Economic Change, Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 170–186. (C47) Singh, A. (1995), ‘Asia y America Latina comparidos: Divergencias economicas en los años ’80’, Dessarollo Economico, Revista de Ciencias Sociales, Vol. 34, No. 136, Enero–Marzo 1995, pp. 513–532. (C48) Singh, A. (1995), ‘How did East Asia Grow so Fast? Slow Progress Towards an Analytical Consensus’, UNCTAD Discussion Paper No. 97, Geneva, February 1995. (Tis paper was republished as an Occasional Paper by RIS Publications in Delhi, 1995.) (C49) Singh, A. (1995), ‘Competitive markets and economic development,’ International Papers in Political Economy, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 1–40, 1995. (Tis paper has been republished in Arestis, P. and Sawyer, M. (eds.), Political Economy of Economic Policy, Macmillan, London, 1998.) (C50) Singh, A. (1995), ‘Te causes of fast economic growth in East Asia’, UNCTAD Review, Geneva, pp. 91–127. (C51) Singh, A. (1996), ‘Te plan, the market and evolutionary economic reform in China’, Abdullah, Abu and Rahman Khan, Azizur (eds.), State, Market and Development: Essays in Honour of Rehman Sobhan, Dhaka University Press. (Tis paper was republished in Spanish as ‘El plan, el mercado, y la transicion gradual en China’ in Revista de Estudios Asiaticos, No. 3, July– December 1996.) (C52) Singh, A. (1999), ‘Growth, its sources and consequences’, in Tompson, G. (ed.), Economic Dynamism in the Pacifc Region: Te Growth of Integration and Competitiveness, Routledge and Open University London and New York, pp. 55–82, 1999. 408 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

(C53) Singh, A. (1999), Review article on Aoki, M., Kim, H.-K. and Okuno-Fujiwara, M. (eds.), ‘Te role of government in East Asian economic development’, Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 59, pp. 565–572. (C54) Singh, A. (2000), ‘Global Economic Trends and Social Development’ Occasional Paper 9, United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, Geneva, June 2000. ISBN: 92-9085-030-2. (C55) Singh, A. (2000), Contribution to Free Trade and the ‘Starving Child’ Defence: A symposium. Te Nation, 24 April 2000. (C56) Singh, A. (2001), ‘What Role South–South Cooperation: A 50 year overview’, South Letter, Vol. 1 & 2, No. 37, pp. 5–10. (C57) Singh, A., Dhumale, R. (2000), ‘Competition Policy, Development and Developing Countries, South Letter, Vol. 2, No. 36, pp. 13–15. (C58) Singh, A. (2002), ‘Aid, Conditionality and Development’, Development and Change, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp 295–305, 2002. Tis paper was subsequently published in Pronk, J.P., et al (eds) Catalysing Development? A Debate on Aid. Blackwell Publishing. pp. 77–88. (C59) Singh, A. (2003), ‘South–South Co-Operation: A Historical Perspective’, In South Centre High Level Policy Forum, South Centre, Geneva, pp. 95–112. ISBN 92 9162 023 8. (C60) Singh, A. (2004) ‘Standing on the crossroads: Te Indian economy in the 21st century’, Annual Report, Banque de Luxembourg, pp. 21–27. (C61) Singh, A. (2005) ‘Lal Jayawardena: Crafting Development Policy’. Development and Change. Vol. 36, No. 6, pp. 1219–1223. (C62) Singh, A. (2006) Foreword to On Economic and Social Life in Turkey in 2005. Independent Social Scientists’ Alliance of Turkey. pp. 1–2. (C63) Singh, A. (2007) ‘Globalization and Industrial Revolutions in India and China: Implications for Advanced and Developing Economies and for National and International Policies’ Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 409

Working Paper No. 81, Policy Integration Department, International Labour Organisation, March 2007. (C64) Izurieta, A. and Singh A. (2008) ‘Does Fast Growth in China and India Harm US Workers? Insights from Simulation Evidence’, Cambridge University CBR Working Paper No. 378, December. (C65) Bailey, D. Lenihan, H. and Singh, A. (2008) ‘Tiger, Tiger, Burning Bright? Industrial Policy Lessons from Ireland and East Asia for Small African Economies’, Cambridge University CBR Working Paper No. 374, December. (C66) Singh, A. (2009), Tribute to Sanjaya Lall, International Journal of Institutions and Economics, Vol. 1, No. 1, April, pp. 6–7. (C67) Bailey, D., Lenihan, H., and Singh A. (2009), ‘Lessons for African Economies from Irish and East Asian Industrial Policy’, Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade (JICT), 9, 2009, pp. 357–382. Also available online at: http://www.springerlink.com/content/3330016672037748/. (C68) Bryceson D., Fennell S., Sarkar P., and Singh A., (2010), Globalisation, Structural Adjustment and African Agriculture: Analysis and Evidence, Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge Working Paper No. 400 June. (C69) Singh, A. (2011), ‘Roots of Disafectation in Punjab’, Economic and Political Weekly book review of Pritam Singh’s ‘Federalism, Nationalism and Development: India and the Punjab Economy’, Vol. 46, Issue 5, January 29–February 04, 2011. (C70) Singh, A. and Zammit, A. (2011), ‘Labour Standards and Economic Development’ in Jonathan Michie (ed.) Handbook of Globalisation, second edition, 2011. (C71) Bailey, D., Lenihan, H. and Singh, A. (2011), “Tiger, Tiger, Burning Bright? Industrial Policy Lessons from Ireland and East Asia for Small African Economies”, Good growth and governance in Africa: Re-thinking development strategies, Noman, Botchway, Stein and Stiglitz (eds.), Oxford University Press, New York. 410 Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae

(C72) Singh, A. (2012) ‘Addendum’, in Isher Judge Ahluwalia and I.M.D. Little (eds.) India’s Economic Reforms and Development: Essays for Manmohan Singh, 2012: Oxford University Press. (C73) Singh, A. (2012) ‘Foreword’, in Anthony P. D’Costa (ed.) Globalization and Economic Nationalism in Asia: Oxford University Press (C74) Fennell, S., Kaur, A. and Singh, A., (2013), ‘India and Eurozone: A Commentary on the Political Economy of Adjustment and the Correction’ in Contributions to Political Economy Vol. 32 (1) Oxford University Press, pp. 151–167 (C75) Singh, A. and Singh, G., (2013), ‘Almost Steady East Asian Rise: Implications for Labour Markets and Income Distribution’, MPRA Paper 53028, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 08 Dec 2013. (C76) Bailey, D., Cowling, D., Singh, A. and Singh, G., (forthcoming 2015) ‘Takeovers and Takeovers Policy’ in Bailey, D., Cowling, K., and Tomlinson, P. (eds) New Perspectives on Industrial Policy for a Modern Britain Oxford University Press (C77) Singh, A. and Singh, G. (forthcoming 2015) ‘Attitudinal Changes about India during the Great Recession and New Tinking in relation to Economic Development’ in Arestis, P. and Sawyer, M. (eds) Emerging Economies During and After the Great Recession Palgrave Macmillan, England. Invited paper for conference organised at Cambridge University, March 27–29 2015. Work in progress My ongoing research under research area C is concerned with the rise of India and China and their economic interactions with advanced and emerging countries. Tis research re-examines among other things structural questions such as the respective roles of manufacturing and services as engines of long-term economic growth in the two countries. It pays special attention to the orderly development of fnancial sectors in emerging countries. At the broader level, a signifcant part of the research is concerned with the role of large Appendix C: Curriculum Vitae 411

domestically owned frms in late industrialisation. Te ultimate aim of this work is to construct a typol- ogy and a theory of third world frms. It connects closely with the research described in section A, on law, fnance and development by focusing on the relationship between these variables in China, India and other emerging countries.

UNLISTED AND POSTHUMOUS PUBLICATIONS3

Amdekar, Shachi and Ajit Singh (2014), ‘Climate Change and the Premises for a New Society’, Economic and Labour Relations Review, Volume 25, Issue 4, pp. 563–573. Amdekar, Shachi and Ajit Singh (2017), ‘Cambridge and Development Economics’, in R. Cord (ed.) Te Palgrave Companion to Cambridge Economics. Palgrave Macmillan, London. Chai, Dominic, Simon Deakin, Prabirjit Sarkar and Ajit Singh (2014), ‘Corporate Governance, Legal Origin and the Persistence of Profts’, Working Paper No. 465, Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge, December. Rasiah, Rajah, Ajit Singh and Dieter Ernst (2015), ‘Alice Hofenberg Amsden: A Consummate Dirigiste on Latecomer Economic Catch-Up’, Institutions and Economies, Volume 7, Issue 1, pp. 1–8.

3 Tese four items do not appear in the original cv. Appendix D: Ajit Singh—Obituaries and Appreciations

Suroor Alikhan (2015), ‘UNRISD Tribute to Ajit Singh’, UNRISD, Geneva, 15 July. http://www.unrisd.org/80256B3C005BE6B5/search/ E48F57E9195610F2C1257E830030BDE9?OpenDocument. Alice Amsden (2008), Epilogue. In P. Arestis & J. Eatwell (Eds.), Essays in honour of Ajit Singh. Volume 2: Issues in economic development and globalization (pp. 239–240). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Andy Cosh and Alan Hughes (2015), ‘Ajit Singh: Te Radical Economist who Carried out Ground-breaking Work on Corporations and Stock Markets’, Te Independent, 20 July. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/ ajit-singh-the-radical-economist-who-carried-out-groundbreaking-work-on- corporations-and-stock-markets-10402970.html. Andy Cosh and Alan Hughes (2016), ‘Pathbreaking Explorations’, in Geof Harcourt (ed.) 2016, pp. 293–296. Andy Cosh, John Eatwell and Alan Hughes (2015), ‘Obituary: Ajit Singh’, Royal Economic Society Newsletter, Issue No. 171, October, pp. 20–21. Meghnad Desai (2015a), ‘Te Man from Cambridge’, Te Indian Express, 16 July. Peter E. Earl (2016), ‘Pluralistic Teaching — A Student’s Memoir’, in Geof Harcourt (ed.) 2016, pp. 304–306.

© Te Editor(s) (if applicable) and Te Author(s), under exclusive license 413 to Springer Nature Switzerland AG, part of Springer Nature 2019 A. Saith, Ajit Singh of Cambridge and Chandigarh, Palgrave Studies in the History of Economic Tought, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12422-9 414 Appendix D: Ajit Singh—Obituaries and Appreciations

John Eatwell (2015), ‘Obituary: Ajit Singh — Economist who was an Expert on Corporate Structure and De-industrialisation’, Te Guardian, 7 July. http://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/jul/07/ajit-singh – comments. John Eatwell (2016), ‘Tribute to Ajit Singh’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 40(2), pp. 365–372. https://academic.oup.com/cje/article-abstract/40/2/ 365/2605126. Manohar Singh Gill (2015), ‘Remembering Ajit: Professor Ajit Singh of Cambridge University’, Babushahi Bureau, 3 July. http://www.babushahi. com/nazaria-sub.php?id 921. = Sucha Singh Gill (2015), ‘Ajit Singh: Punjab Has Lost its Great Son — He Did Punjab Proud in the International Sphere’, Te Tribune, Chandigarh, 30 June. http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/comment/he-did-punjab- proud-in-the-international-sphere/100176.html. Irfan ul Haq, Rashid Amjad, and Moazzam Mahmood (2015), ‘In Memoriam: Professor Ajit Singh’, Te Friday Times, Pakistan, 26 June. Geof Harcourt (ed.) (2016), ‘Te Legacy of Ajit Singh (11 September 1940 – 23 June 2015): Memories and Tributes from Former Pupils, Colleagues and Friends’, Te Economic and Labour Relations Review, 27(3), pp. 293–313. Don Harris (2016), ‘In Memory of My Friend Ajit Singh: Berkeley and Beyond’, in Geof Harcourt (ed.) 2016, pp. 300–302. Alan Hughes (2015), ‘Eulogy read at the Memorial Service for Ajit Singh, Queens’ College Chapel, 7 November 2015’. Gay Meeks (2016), ‘Ajit Singh as Mentor and Teacher’, in Geof Harcourt (ed.) 2016, pp. 303–304. Datuk Rujhan Mustafa (2015), ‘Tribute to Revered Economist, Ajit Singh’, Te Sunday Star Online, 20 July. http://www.thestar.com.my/News/ Education/2015/07/19/Tribute-to-revered-economists/. Dhiraj Nayyar (2015), ‘Ajit Singh, a Professor of Courage’, Te Hindu, India, 27 June. http://www.thehindu.com/business/ajit-singh-a-professor-of-courage/article7358649.ece. Peter Nolan (2016), ‘Ajit Singh and the Political Economy of Development: India and China’, in Geof Harcourt (ed.) 2016, pp. 310–311. Prabhat Patnaik (2015), ‘Ajit Singh (1940–2015): A Formidable Economist’, Economic and Political Weekly, L(30), pp. 32–34. Prabhat Patnaik (2016), ‘A Formidable Economist’, in Geof Harcourt (ed.) 2016, pp. 298–300. Appendix D: Ajit Singh—Obituaries and Appreciations 415

Rajah Rasiah (2015), ‘Passing of a Great Mind’, Te Star Online, 12 July. https://www.thestar.com.my/news/education/2015/07/12/passing-of-a- great-mind/. Robert Rowthorn (2016), ‘Ajit Singh on the Role of Manufacturing in the National Economy’, in Geof Harcourt (ed.) 2016, pp. 306–308. Ashwani Saith (2018), ‘Ajit Singh (1940–2015), the Radical Cambridge Economist: Anti-Imperialist Advocate of Tird World Industrialization’, Development and Change, 49(2), pp. 561–628. Asia Samachar (2016), ‘Professor Ajit Singh: Great Mind, Courageous’, Asia Samachar, 13 July. http://asiasamachar.com/2015/07/13/ prof-ajit-singh-great-mind-courageous/. F.M. Scherer (2016), ‘In Summary’, in Geof Harcourt (ed.) 2016, p. 312. F. M. Scherer (2017), ‘Ajit Singh (1940–2015)’, in R. Cord (ed.) Te Palgrave Companion to Cambridge Economics, pp. 1113–1130. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Abhijit Sen (2015), ‘Ajit Singh, Economist who Examined Business World, 1940–2015’, Te Financial Times, 7 July. http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/. Abhijit Sen and Jayati Ghosh (2016), ‘Ajit Singh’s Contributions to the Economics of Development’, in Geof Harcourt (ed.) 2016, pp. 308–310. Sunanda Sen (2015), ‘Ajit Singh’, Social Scientist, 43(7/8), pp. 73–75. Sunanda Sen (2016), ‘Scholarship and Values — Global, National and Environmental’, in Geof Harcourt (ed.) 2016, pp. 296–298. Manmohan Singh (2015), Eulogy delivered at Memorial Service for Ajit Singh in Queens’ College Chapel, 7 November 2015; an excerpt from: Eatwell, J. (2016), Tribute to Ajit Singh, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 40(2), 365– 372; p. 369. Shamsher Singh (2015), ‘Remembrances: Dr Ajit Singh, Professor, Cambridge University, England’, Te Sikh Foundation International, 19 July. http://www.sikhfoundation.org/people-events/remembrances-dr-ajit- singh-professor-cambridge-university-england/. Te Times (2015), ‘Ajit Singh: Iconoclastic Economist who Claimed Takeovers Damaged Productivity and Warned that “Deindustrialisation” Would Lead to Disaster’, Te Times, 14 July. Geof Whittington (2016), ‘Wit and Empirical Rigour in Pursuing Debate’, in Geof Harcourt (ed.) 2016, pp. 302–303. References

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A Anand, Chuni Lal 5 Abdelrahman, Maha xix, 218 Anand, Parmeshwari 35 Abdullah, A. 407 Anand, Raj Rani 35 Aggarwal, M.R. 296 Aoki, M. 388 Ahluwalia, Isher J. 410 Arestis, Philip 169, 179, 187 Ahmed, Iqbal 62 Armitage, Arthur 162, 163 Alexander, Robert 72, 74, 75 Armour, John 179, 186 Alier, Joan Martinez 250 Arrow, Kenneth 21, 49, 215 Ali, Muhammad 199 Arsel, Murat xix Ali, Nadir 28 Atkinson, Anthony F. (Tony) 142 Ali, Tariq 65, 67, 68, 166 Azam, Shahzad 164 Allcock, Louise xix Amdekar, Shachi xix, 178 Amiel, Stephen 162 B Amin, Shahid 67 Babra, Shamsher Singh 28, 29, 284 Amjad, Rashid xviii, xxiii, 62, 69, Bade Ghulam Ali Khan, Ustad 16 156, 164, 189 Bagchi, Amiya Kumar 55, 61, 62, Amsden, Alice 178–180, 187, 225, 190 227, 241, 244, 257, 258, 334, Bakke, Kristin 291 335 Balassa, Bela 202–204

© Te Editor(s) (if applicable) and Te Author(s), under exclusive license 443 to Springer Nature Switzerland AG, part of Springer Nature 2019 A. Saith, Ajit Singh of Cambridge and Chandigarh, Palgrave Studies in the History of Economic Tought, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12422-9 444 Index of Names

Bal, Boor Singh 34 Bose, Swadesh 62 Ballard, R. 294 Bownas, Paula xx Bardhan, Pranab 62 Bradley, Jo xii, xviii, xx, 50, 75, 162, Barker, Terry (Swami Amrit Terry) 180, 219, 289, 313, 328, 331 xviii, xix, 85, 101, 111, Brailovsky, Vladimir 197, 199 120–122, 139, 140, 198 Brecht, Bertolt 329, 330 Barnes, John 73 Breman, Jan xviii, xxv Baru, Sanjaya 19, 297 Brown, E.G. 43 Bawa, Harnam Singh 4 Brown, Emily C. 35, 36 Bayly, Christopher xi Brown, J.A.C. (Alan) 55, 85, 101, Bedi, Bishen Singh 94, 274, 311 111, 120 Bedi, Joginder Singh 274 Brown, Jerry 41 Benn, Anthony Wedgwood (Tony) 58 Brown, Pat 41 Bentinck, William 9 Bryceson, Deborah 179 Berg, Eliot 107, 202 Bufe, E.F. 197 Berle, Adolf 334 Bulganin, Nikolai 12 Bernal, J.D. 41 Bush, George W. 68 Bernal, Martin 41, 43, 44, 64, 149, 193 Butterfeld, John 124 Bevan, W.H. 160, 162 Buzaglo, Jorge 299 Bhabha, Homi J. 248 Bhachu, Parminder 285 Bhaduri, Amit 62 C Bhagwati, Jagdish 62, 213, 215, 218 Caird, Rod 160, 161 Bhakna, Sohan Singh 36 Cairncross, Alec 167 Bhalla, Gurdarshan Singh 287 Callaghan, Jim 58 Bhalla, Sheila 286 Callingham, Brian xx, 154, 171, Bharadwaj, Krishna 62 311, 321 Bhatnagar, S.C. 18 Carpenter, William 289 Bhindranwale, Jarnail Singh 282, Carr, Herbert Wildon 254 291, 292, 294 Castro, Fidel 43 Bigsby, Christopher 50 Chadwick, Owen 160 Bjuggren, P. 387 Chhachhi, Amrita xviii Blair, Tony 68 Chakrabarti, Manali 330 Blaug, Mark 254 Chakravarty, Sukhamoy xix, 179, Blecker, R. 240 213–215, 298 Borchgrave, Arnaud de 293 Chamberlin, Edward H. 215 Borooah, V.K. (Vani) xviii, xxiv, 85, Champernowne, David 85, 86, 113 93, 94, 151, 153, 167, 168, Chandavarkar, A. 57 170, 310, 311 Chand, Nek (Saini) 14, 249 Index of Names 445

Chandra, Bipin 190 Dasgupta, Partha 77, 79, 81, 98, Chandrasekhar, C.P. 396 106, 131, 139, 259 Chan, E. 77, 159–161 Dasgupta, Sukti xviii, xxvi, 62, 164, Chang, Ha-Joon xviii, xxvi, 130, 179, 236, 239, 240, 331, 332 136, 144, 178, 179, 225 Daunton, Martin 302 Chatterjee, Monojit 62, 166 Deakin, Simon 179, 186 Chatterjee, Ruchira 62, 166 Deane, Phyllis 85, 113, 128, 236 Chatterji, Basudev 166 Dean, Katrina xix Chaudhury, Shahid Amjad 166 Deaton, Angus 85, 122 Cheema, Imran 164 Deng, Xiao Ping 209, 224, 241 Chenery, Hollis 21 Dennison, S.R. 87 Chohan, S.S. 277 Deol, Harnik 288 Chowdhury, Naeemuddin 62, Desai, Ashok 62 166 Desai, Meghnad 41, 62 Clark, Colin 192, 241 Desai, Padma 60 Clark, D.A. 386 Devlin, Patrick (Lord) 71–76 Cochrane, J.H. 252 Dewett, K.K. 18, 19 Cohen, Avi J. 91, 92 Dharmadhikari 247 Cohen, Ruth 87 Dharmavira 35 Commons, J.R. 334 Dhumale, R. 179, 226 Cosh, Andy xviii, xix, 41, 49, 64, Dobb, Maurice 15, 59, 85, 87, 88, 126, 142, 143, 151, 155, 157, 134, 208 172, 179, 284, 297, 309–311, Dow, Sheila 141 320, 326, 331 Dronacharya, Guru 155 Coutts, Ken xviii, 85, 118, 119, 169, Dunn, D. 206 192 Dunn, S.P. 80, 168 Crabtree, James 15 Durbin, James 252 Cripps, Francis xviii, xxv, 58, 59, 81, Durrell, Lawrence xvi 85, 101, 104, 110, 111, 117, 123, 124, 136, 179, 197, 210, 238, 240, 256 E Cripps, Staford 58 Earl, Peter 95, 155, 258, 309, 328, Cunningham, Cathy 108 329 Eatwell, John (Lord) xviii, 31, 41, 47, 49, 66, 67, 85, 114, 117, D 134, 136, 144, 151, 156, 169, Dalyell, T. 107 170, 179, 186, 187, 199, 200, Dandekar, V.M. 190 252–254, 312 446 Index of Names

Edgeworth, F.W. 113, 114 Gayatri, G. 282, 296 Edmonds, A.O. 65 George, Susan 250 El-Erian, Mohamed 142, 164, 169 Gerschenkron, Alexander 194 Ellis, S. 65 Ghose, Ajit xviii, 62, 70, 166 Ellman, Michael xviii, xxvi, 85, 134 Ghosh, Jayati 62, 166, 179, 229, 254 Elmes, J. 156 Giap, Vo Nguyen (General) 93, 258 Evans, G.R. 68, 160 Giddens, Anthony (Tony) 128 Evans, Peter 226 Gill, Gauri xx Gillies, Donald 132, 142, 143 Gill, Indermit 283 F Gill, Manohar Singh xviii, xxvii, 5, Faiz, Ahmed Faiz 1 67, 69, 157, 166, 276, 277, Fanon, Franz 227–229 284, 296, 309 Farid, Shaukat 164 Gill, Sucha Singh xviii, 284, 310 Farrell, M.J. 85 Gittings, John 65, 66 Feinstein, Charles xiii, 128 Glen, Jack 179, 185 Fennell, Shailaja xviii, 136, 179, 301 Glyn, Andrew 98, 177, 179, 215 Finnegan, M. 34 Godbout, C. 238 FitzGerald, E.V.K.(Valpy) xviii, 130 Godley, Arthur (Lord Kilbracken) 59 Forster, E.M. 58 Godley, Wynne 58, 85, 86, 100, Friedman, Milton 155, 197 101, 106, 108, 110, 117–119, Fright, Matthew xix 124, 125, 192, 312 Frisch, Ragnar 59 Goldthorpe, John 55 Frost, Simon xix Goodwin, Richard 59, 85, 86, 134, Fureng, Dong 378 252 Furtado, Celso 200 Gopalan, Shyamala 34 Gordon, Robert Aaron 46, 47 Gordon, Robert James 46 G Gordon, Rudy 46 Gadgil, Dhananjay Ramchandra Greenspan, Alan 209 60–62, 190 Grewal, J.S. (Jagtar Singh) 29 Gagliardi, F. 89 Grewal, Satwant Singh (Sati) 31 Galbraith, John K. 46, 334 Grover, Arun Kumar 303 Gallagher, Kevin P. 227 Guevara, Che 43 Gandhi, Indira 229 Gu, G. 132 Gaor, A. 35 Guha, Ramachandra 59, 250 Gardiner, Jean xviii, 134 Guillebaud, C.W. 87 Gardiner, Margaret 41 Gupta, Akhil xviii, xxvi Garegnani, Pierangelo 85 Guru Amar Das 1, 4, 288, 317 Index of Names 447

H Hirschman, Albert 215 Habib, Irfan 190 Hitchens, Christopher 66, 67 Hadjimatheou, Christina 120, 121 Hobdari, N. 206 Hahn, Frank 50, 63, 77, 78, 85, 93, Hodgson, Geofrey 89, 90, 141, 195 98, 99, 102, 103, 105, 106, Hoover, J. Edgar 43 109, 111, 113, 119, 126, 127, Horowitz, David 43 131, 135, 139, 142, 153, 167, Hossain, Mahboob 62, 70, 166 175 Howes, Candace 185 Hajdenberg, A. 206 Howes, Caroline 179 Haleja, P.D. 19 Huberman, Leo 44 Hamid, Javed 164, 179, 185 Hughes, Alan xviii, 41, 49, 64, 102, Hamid, Naved 164 112, 125, 126, 135, 137, 143, Handa, Des Raj 19, 20, 156 155, 157, 179, 192, 256, 309, Haq, Mahbub ul 62 331 Haque, Irfan ul 156, 164, 176 Hughes, Geraint 68 Harcourt, G.C. (Geof) x, xviii, 50, Humphries, Jane xviii, 129, 135 55, 60, 62–64, 85, 91, 92, Hussain, Akmal 164 100, 102, 103, 113, 134, 135, 141, 169, 172, 179, 183, 194, 252, 254, 259, 276, 310, 311, I 331 Inglis, Fred 161, 162 Harcourt, Wendy xix Izurieta, Alex xviii, 110, 117, 179, Har Dayal, Lala 9–11, 35, 36 210, 220, 240 Hardit Singh 58 Harley, S. 131, 132 Harris, D.J. ‘Don’ 34, 44, 175, 313 J Harris, Kamala 34 Jackson, D. 117 Harrison, B. 65 Janeway, Bill 142 Hasan, Mushirul 166 Jayawardena, Lal 62 Hastings, Warren 9 Jeanneret, Charles (Le Corbusier) 12 Hayden, Tom 43 Jeanneret, Pierre 12, 14 Hayward, Anne xix, 327, 330–333 Johnson, Elizabeth 88 Healey, Dennis 68 Johnson, Harry 87, 88 Healey, Derek 328 Johnson, Jo 133 Heath, Edward (Ted) 106, 107 Johnson, Joseph xx Hein, Eckhard 193 Johnson, Lyndon 64 Helleiner, Gerry 198 Jorgenson, Dale 45, 47, 156, 251 Henderson, R.F. 87 Joseph, Keith 107, 108, 119 Hill, Christopher 65 Joshi, Vijay 215 448 Index of Names

Josh, Sohan Singh 36 Kitson, Michael 169 Juergensmeyer, M. 37 Kondratief, Nikolai 215 Jump, P. 133 Koopman, R. 238 Koopmans, Tjalling 215 Kornai, Janos 220 K Kosambi, Damodar Dharmananda Kahn, Richard (Lord) 78, 85, 90, 10, 248 101–103, 108, 142, 167, 168 Kosambi, Meera 10 Kairon, Jassinder Singh 22 Kripal Singh, Amritsar Govindsingh Kairon, Jaswant Singh 22, 37, 38, 17 275 Krishnan, Yuvaraj xx Kairon, Nihal Singh 37, 38 Krugman, Paul 215 Kairon, Partap Singh 22, 37, 38, Kuczynski, Michael 85 273, 275 Kumar, Anjali xviii, 5, 62 Kairon, Raghuinder Singh 38 Kurosawa, Akiro xvi Kaldor, Nicholas (Nicky) (Lord) xiv, Kuznets, Simon 190 xvn4, 21, 50, 60, 71, 77, 78, 85, 86, 100–103, 113, 117, 180, 192, 193, 215, 230, 249 L Kalecki, Michal 61, 92, 192 Lall, Ramnique (‘Rani’) xx, 5 Kalkat, Gurcharan Singh 28 Lall, Sanjaya xx, 180 Kandell, J. 199 Langcake, S. 238 Kapany, Narinder Singh xviii, 33, Lavoie, Marc 110, 111, 118, 119 39, 284 Lawson, Tony xviii, xxviii, 77, 79, Kapur, D. 203 81, 85, 115, 168 Kaur, A.P. 301 Leach, Edmund 161, 162 Kazemi, Diana xix, 329, 331, 333 Lee, Frederic 114, 131, 132, 134 Kenyatta, Jomo 129 Lee, Kevin 151, 179 Kerr, Prue 135 Leibenstein, Harvey 45, 47, 215 Keynes, John Maynard 61 Lewis, Arthur 215 Khan, Azizur Rahman 62 Lewis, J.P. 203 Khan, Mushtaq 130 Lipietz, A. 177, 179 Khan, Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali 16 Lipton, Michael 220 Khatkhate, Deena 276 Little, I.M.D. 382, 410 Khrushchev, Nikita 277 Liu Shao-Chi 218 Khrushchev, Sergei 12 Llewellyn, John 85 Kim, K. 408 Lodge Jr, Henry Cabot 64, 66 King, Martin Luther 30 Looney, R.E. 199 King, Mervyn 85 Lucas, Robert 140, 141 Index of Names 449

Luxemburg, Rosa 230, 231, Meeks, Gay 164 233–236 Mehrotra, Santosh 62 Mehta, Bhanu Pratap 11 Mena, Ortiz 197 M Messkoub, Mahmood 206 Maalima, Kighoma Ali 202 Milgate, Murray 144 Macaulay, Tomas B. 7, 9, 10, 57 Miliband, Ralph 64, 65 Macfarlane, Alan 78, 160 Miller, Arthur 50 Maddison, Angus 199 Mill, John Stuart 215 Mahalanobis, P.C. 59, 243 Millmow, Alex 88, 96 Mahatir, Mohamad 188 Minhas, Bagicha Singh 21, 275–278, Mahmood, Moazzam 164 293, 304 Mahmood, Nadir 164 Minsky, Hyman 45, 47, 241 Mahmood, Shanzeh 165 Mirrlees, James 78 Mahmud, Wahiduddin xviii, xix, 59, Mishan, E.J. 245 62, 166 Mishra, Satish 62, 166 Malthus, Tomas 57, 255 Mitchell, Brian 128 Mao Tse Tung 63, 129, 157, 218, Mithran, Meera xx 219, 223 Moore, Barry 123 Marcuzzo, Maria Cristina 81 Moreno-Brid, J.C. 199 Marglin, Stephen A. 178 Morris, Morris D. 190 Marincowitz, Friedl xix Mueller, D.C. 179 Marris, Robin L. 49 Mujahid, Ghazi 62, 166 Marshall, Alfred 15, 58, 85, 93, 98, Muqtada, Muhammed 62, 70, 166 123, 215, 254 Mustafa, Rujhan 188 Marx, Karl 175, 235 Myrdal, Gunnar 194, 195 Mason, Perry 15, 330 Mata, Tiago 108 Mathur, Gautam 19, 62 N Matsui, Toru 190 Naastepad, C.W.M. xxxi Matthais, R. 185 Nanak, Guru 302 Matthews, R.C.O. (Robin) 62, 85, Naqvi, Khaliq xvi 98, 99, 106, 107, 109, 126, Nasser, Gamal Abdel 129 131, 135 Naylor, Robin T. 88 Maziad, S. 206 Nehru, Jawaharlal 1, 12, 165, 275, McCloskey, D.N. 254 303 McKittrick, D. 107 Nehru, Malti 35 McMahon, S. 37 Neild, Robert 72–75, 85, 86, 89, 90, Meade, James 61, 63, 85, 86 95, 106, 108, 164, 192 450 Index of Names

Newbery, David 95, 105, 106, 111, Pesaran, Hashem 85, 125 112 Pham, X. 132 Nkrumah, Kwame 129 Pigou, Arthur 297 Nobel, Alfred 299 Polanyi, Karl 334 Nolan, Peter xviii, xix, xxviii, 136, Pollock, Sheldon 11 144, 220 Portillo, Jose Lopez 196 Nord, R. 206 Posner, Michael 107, 108, 119, 120, Nuti, Mario 85, 134 126 Nyerere, Julius (Mwalimu) 201–206 Powell, Enoch 68, 159 Prakash, Aditya 249 Prakash, Vikramaditya 12 O Prebisch, Raoul 200 Okuno-Fujiwara, M. 408 Prentis, Jim xx Ong, Grace xix Prest, Alan 87 Orcutt, G.H. 252 Prest, Wilfred 87 Osella, Filippo 283, 313 Pronk, Jan 206 Oteyza, Jose Andres de 197

Q P Qureshi, Kaveri 283, 313 Pacey, Laura xx Paine, Suzanne (Suzy) 166, 179, 218, 219 R Palma, Jose Gabriel xviii, xxvii, 130, Radice, Hugo 134 136, 142, 144, 187, 299 Rahim, Sikander 62, 164, 166 Panesar, Monty 319 Rahman, Atiqur xviii, xix, 62, 70, Papadimitriou, D.B. 147, 430 166 Parry, Lyn xix, 327, 331 Rajan, S. Irudaya 305, 322, 432 Pasinetti, L.L. (Luigi) 41, 59, 78, 85, Rajer, A. 14 89, 101–103, 134, 215, 230, Raj, K.N. 247, 249 255, 256, 259, 335 Rajshekhar, M. 283 Patel, I.G. 61, 62 Ramaswami, V.K. 215 Patnaik, Prabhat xviii, xxix, 55, 60, Ramaswamy, Ramana xviii 62, 77, 133, 134, 165, 167, Ramnath, Mala 36, 37 182, 210, 230, 234, 286, 297, Rangnekar, S.B. 18, 19, 286 309 Rani, Jio 35 Patnaik, Utsa 134 Rao, Narasimha 213 Paul, Jaiwant 35 Rao, S.K. 134 Paul, Shubh 35 Rao, V.K.R.V. 60 Index of Names 451

Rasiah, Rajah xviii, xxix, 188, 309 Rowthorn, R.E. (Bob) xvi, 43, 49, Rattner, S. 197, 199, 200 64, 74, 75, 85, 102, 103, 114, Raychaudhuri, Tapan 190 126, 134, 160, 161, 168, 189, Ray, J.K. 53, 441 192, 193, 234, 317 Ray, Satyajit xiv Roy, Arundhati 247 Reagan, Ronald 41, 43, 107 Roy, M.N. 37 Reddaway, Barbara 5, 85, 102, 253, Rudra, Ashok 59 259 Reddaway, W. Brian xv, 21, 45, 49, 60, 71, 86, 105, 113, 116, S 156, 253, 254, 256, 258 Saboo, Yasho 15 Reddy, Y.V. 188 Sachs, Jefrey D. 220 Regeni, Giulio 331 Saith, Ashwani 22, 59, 60, 62, 164, Reinhold, Robert 41 166, 319 Ricardo, David 214, 231 Saith, Sanjeev xix Richard, Alison 300, 302 Samarasinghe, Stanley (Sam) Richards, ‘Big Joe’ 65 62 Rivers-Moore, B. 71 Samuelson, Paul 169, 185 Robertson, Denis 85, 87–89, 96 Sangster, Rachel xx Robinson, Christopher 58 Sarabha, Kartar Singh 36 Robinson, E.A.G. (Austin) 55, 58, Sarkar, A. 38 61, 62, 81, 85, 129, 139, 183 Sarkar, Prabirjit 179 Robinson, Joan xv, 19, 21, 59, 60, Sathyamala, Christina xix 62, 78, 85, 87, 89, 90, 92, 97, Sawyer, Malcolm C. 258 100–103, 129, 134, 151, 158, Sayeed, Asad 164 167, 176, 193, 196, 215, 218, Scarfe, Gerald 68 235, 236, 249, 252, 253, 276, Schor, Juliet B. 378, 392 296, 297 Schumacher, E.F. 243 Roemer, John 44 Schumpeter, Joseph 215 Roldanus, Caroline xix Scitovsky, Tibor 45–47 Rosenberg, Alice J. 45 Seers, Dudley 238 Ros, Jaime 199 Sen, Abhijit 62, 70, 166, 254, 277, Rostas, L. 87 300 Rothschild, Victor (Lord) 107, 108, Sen, Amartya 62, 78, 180, 299 119 Sender, John 130, 144 Roudet, S. 206 Sen, Sunanda 178 Rowbotham, Sheila xviii, xxx, 28, Sethi, Najam 164 43, 64, 93, 284, 289, 290, Shahabuddin, Quazi xix 313, 317 Shaikh, Anwar 399 452 Index of Names

Shamsher Singh (Babra) 16, 17, 22, Singh, Mota 293 24, 28, 29, 31, 34, 281, 284, Singh, Pritam xviii, xxx, 282, 283, 285, 290, 314, 315, 320 286–288, 290–292, 310 Sharma, M.G. 274 Singh, Pushpa (Bawa) 1 Sharma, Shikha xx Singh, Ranjit 93 Sheng, Andrew 179, 186 Singh, Roopinder 274 Shove, Gerald F. 254 Singh, Shamsher xviii Sidhu, Ajmer 36, 38 Singh, Tara (Master) 28, 29 Siems, M. 186 Singh, Tarlok (Kairon) 37 Silberston, Aubrey 50, 167 Singh, Upinder xix Singer, Hans 60 Smith, Adam 195, 215, 299 Singh, Ajit (‘Mina’) 1, 12, 60, 66, Smith, Graeme 108 67, 102, 116, 125, 134, 137, Smith, R.P. (Ron) xviii, xxxi, 48, 74, 156, 161, 164, 172, 276, 303 75, 89, 167, 251, 327 Singh, Alaka 179 Snow, Edgar 44 Singh, Anne Marie 318 Sobhan, Rehman 62, 214, 220 Singh, Baba Bhuja 36, 38 Soboley, Y.V. 206 Singh, Balbir Sr. 17 Solis, L. 199 Singh, Beant 281 Solow, Robert (Bob) 49 Singh, Bhagat 17, 36 Srafa, Piero xv, 85, 87, 89, 103, Singh, Chauhan 293 182, 195 Singh, Daman 89, 293, 299, 304 Srinivasan, T.N. 213, 218 Singh, Gurcharan 15 Srivastava, Ravi 62 Singh, Gurmail 226, 301 Stark, W. 235 Singh, Harbans 274 Stern, Nicholas (Nick) 133, 142 Singh, Hukam (‘Darji’) 2, 7, 28 Stern, Sol 43 Singhi, G. 28, 284 Stevenson, Melford 160 Singh, Iqbal 34 Stewart, Michael 64–67 Singh, Jane 33, 37, 285 Stiglitz, Joseph 215 Singh, Khushwant 310 Stock, Amy Geraldine 21 Singh, Lall 17, 179, 319 Stokes, Eric xi Singh, Madan Gopal (‘Lali’) 5, 318 Stone, J.R.N. (Dick) 58, 61, 89, 94 Singh, Manmohan xvii, 18, 19, 21, Storm, Servaas xviii, xix, xxxi 62, 69, 89, 172, 187, 213, Sukarno, Kusno S. 129 214, 218, 287, 293–301, 303, Summers, Larry 329 304, 310 Surjeet, Harkishan Singh 22, 38 Singh, Milkha 17, 59 Sweezy, Paul 193 Index of Names 453

T W Tabatabai, Hamid 179, 210 Walker, David 108 Targetti, Ferdinando 194, 242 Wallen, J. 318 Tarling, Roger 85, 118, 192 Ward, Terence 85 Tatla, Darshan Singh 291 Watson, G.S. 252 Tebbit, Norman 319, 321 Wazir, Rekha xxi Telford, H. 291 Weintraub, Sidney 140 Tendulkar, Sachin 319 Weisse, Bruce 179, 185, 209 Tatcher, Margaret 107, 112, 136 Wells, John 85, 160 Tirlwall, Anthony 192, 193 Whitelock, Jill xix Tito, Josip Broz 129 Whittington, Geof xii, 48, 63, 85, Toporowski, Jan 118 94, 179–181, 251 Toye, John xvii, 130 Wickramasekhara, Piyasiri 62, 166 Tribe, Keith 60 Wicksell, Knut 195 Tsuru, Shigeto 244, 245 Wilkinson, Frank xviii, 85, 114, 117, Tuli, Parveen (‘Biba’) xviii, xix, xx, 5 118, 192 Tully, Mark 297 Williams, Eric 172 Tunzelman, Nick von 85 Williams, Horace Hayman 9 Turner, H.A. 117 Williamson, Oliver 49 Twigg, John 157–161 Wilson, Harold 58, 68 Wolf, Martin 199, 329 Wood, Adrian 49 V Vaizey, John 158 Van Arkadie, Brian xviii, xxxii, 39, Y 43, 50, 76, 151, 156, 170, Young, Allyn A. 195, 215 198, 201–203 Vasudevan, Hari 38 Veblen, Torstein 195, 334 Z Velupillai, Vela 59, 62, 166 Zammit, Ann xvii, xix, xx, 117, 179, Verdoorn, P.J. 194 210, 211, 245, 303, 317, 331 Vervaecke, P. 78 Zhi Wang 238 Vitello, P. 41 Ziliak, S.T. 254 Volcker, Paul 107 Index of Subjects

A B Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) 38 Bangladesh 129, 166 Access to Work programme, UK 326 Bank of England 120 Act of Uniformity, England 1662 Banks, and bank fnance 142, 138 184–186, 208, 295, 318 Adam Smith Prize 19, 62, 160, 299 Berkeley, University of California 21, Admiral Belgrano 107 33–36, 39, 41, 43–45, 47–50, Agriculture 21, 179, 203, 204, 210, 63, 64, 70, 77, 155, 156, 162, 223, 227, 236, 248, 277–280, 170, 172, 175, 177, 198, 242, 282, 283 251, 252, 258, 284, 285, 309, Ajit Singh Memorial Lecture, Panjab 314 University, Chandigarh 303 Bhakra Nangal Dam 11, 12, 246– Anandpur Sahib Resolution 292 248, 277 Anti-Vietnam War movement/pro- Bhilai Steel Plant 11 tests 7, 41, 43, 44, 63, 64, 68, Big Bang approach to reforms 220 96, 158, 161, 176, 257 Birkbeck College, London 48, 251 Apostles 78, 243 Bretton Woods Institutions (BWIs), Argentina 38 IMP, World Bank 130, 208, Australia 63, 328 213, 220, 234, 256

© Te Editor(s) (if applicable) and Te Author(s), under exclusive license 455 to Springer Nature Switzerland AG, part of Springer Nature 2019 A. Saith, Ajit Singh of Cambridge and Chandigarh, Palgrave Studies in the History of Economic Tought, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12422-9 456 Index of Subjects

BRICS 242, 301 Centre for Development Studies, Kerala 249 Centre for Economic Research on C Finance (CERF) 136, 326 Cambridge Commonwealth Trust Centre for Latin American Studies, (CCT) 302 Cambridge 43 Cambridge Econometrics 136 Chaebol 226, 229 Cambridge Economic Policy Group Chandigarh (CEPG) 86, 101, 118, 192 architecture, Aditya Prakash 249 Cambridge economics, approach and architecture, Le Corbusier 14, 59, methods 58, 78, 85–87, 90, 249 98–101, 103, 104, 113, 122, architecture, Nek Chand 14, 249 130, 133, 134, 141, 153, 176, Chauri Chaura 67 310 China Cambridge Growth Project (CGP) Cultural Revolution 70, 97, 107, 46, 101, 111, 117, 120–123, 158, 218 125, 136, 183, 192, 256 economic reforms 220 Cambridge Indian Majlis 57, 166 Research Trip 1973 130, 218, Cambridge in India 57, 59–62, 117, 219, 225, 301 153, 190, 224, 296, 300, 301, stock market 185, 188, 220, 224 320 Churchill College Economics Cambridge Journal of Economics Seminar (the ‘Hahn Seminar’) (CJE) 81, 110, 112, 114–116, 68, 78, 167 118, 134, 169, 253 City University Business School Cambridge Political Economy (CUBS) 122 Society Trust (CPEST) 114, Civil Rights movement 30, 34, 41 167 CLARE group at Clare College 66, Cambridge Union 57, 159 105, 167 Canada 36 Colleges Capital account convertibility/con- Churchill 58, 167 trols 118, 188, 199–201, 218 Clare 66, 67, 105, 167 Care regime Downing 124 carers 329, 330, 332, 334 Government College for Men, Disability Work allowance 327 Chandigarh 7 Centre for Business Research (CBR) Government College, Lahore 18, 112, 136 23, 35 Centre for Development Studies, Jesus 41 Cambridge 164 King’s 58, 101, 103, 162, 167, 218 Index of Subjects 457

Kinnaird, Lahore 4 D Law College, Lahore 5 DAE Review 1984–87 128 Queens’ 5, 29, 43, 55, 67–70, 94, Ajit Singh Submission to General 149, 151, 153, 156–160, 167, Board 72, 76, 104, 126 169, 170, 172, 178, 297, 312, De-industrialisation 61, 116, 117, 321, 331, 334 119, 153, 177, 182–184, Sidney Sussex 59, 160, 238 189–192, 194, 234, 239, 240, Sikh Khalsa 29, 274, 291, 292 283 Sikh National 28, 37, 39, 290 Department of Applied Economics St Catherine’s 169 (DAE) 49, 55, 57, 58, 63, 85, St John’s 318 86, 94–97, 99, 101, 102, 104, St Stephen’s, Delhi 35, 58 106, 108–112, 116, 117, 120, Trinity 151, 159 123–129, 136, 180, 192, 197, Trinity Hall 302 251, 252, 256, 312 Communist Party Ajit appointment decision 1964 of Great Britain 44, 95 41, 47, 48, 55, 163, 181, 189 of India, CPI 38, 287, 288 Devaluation 132, 197, 198, 200, of India, Marxist CPM 288 202–205, 257 Kirti Movement 37, 38 Development and Change 201, 206 Lal Party 38 Development Diploma, Cambridge of United States of America 67, 129 (USA) 38 Development economics 60, 112, Communist University 38 134, 136, 180 Conference of Heads of University Development studies 105, 112, 143, Departments of Economics 224, 330 (CHUDE) 131, 132 Devlin Enquiry Conference of Socialist Economists Ajit Singh’s Submission to 134, 284 Enquiry 75 Corporate fnance 49, 58, 185, 251 meeting with Lord Devlin 75 Cricket 17, 59, 79, 94, 129, 166, outcome 76 172, 310, 313, 319 Report of Enquiry 71, 72 Cripps Mission to India, 1942 58 Donations Cumulative causation 189, 190, By Bill and … Janeway to 193–195, 199, 230, 233, 238, Pembroke College and Faculty 239, 250, 280, 303, 313 of Economics 142 Curriculum vitae, Ajit Singh 45, By Mohd El-Erian to Queens’ 140, 178, 210, 224, 301, 320, College and Faculty of 326, 327 Economics 142, 171 458 Index of Subjects

Dress cooking skills 314 mode 315 Curry Queen 63, 69, 114, 128, ties and turbans 329 312 Foodie 312 recipe lamb chops 314 E Foreign aid 403 Ecological destruction 178 France 58, 158, 186, 203, 318 Economic and Social Research Free Speech Movement 34, 41, 43, Council (ESRC) 108, 109, 50 111, 119–121 Friedman’s Chicago Boys 197 Economic growth, costs of 245 Economic History at Faculty of Economics and DAE 55, 104, G 105, 124, 136 Gang of Four, China 106, 218 Economic Journal 110, 112–116, Garden House Hotel, Cambridge; 132, 177, 181, 276 protest 160 Economic Openness, strategic vs Gender issues 210, 317 general 107, 196, 215–217, General Board of the Faculties, 224 University of Cambridge 123 Equity markets 184, 295 Germany 158, 184, 186, 245 Export-led growth paradigm, limits Ghadar movement 36–38 of 230 Globalisation and labour outcomes/ standards 117 Strategic vs. Close integration F 214, 298 Falklands/Malvinas 107 Global value/commodity chains 238 Family 1, 2, 4, 5, 14–17, 22, 24, 28, Gokhale Institute of Economics and 29, 37, 38, 59, 91, 122, 137, Politics, Pune 61 159, 206, 249, 273, 275, 276, Golden Temple, Amritsar 282, 302 286, 288, 299, 315, 318, 319, Graduate Students’ Letter of Protest 325, 329, 331 against Faculty of Economics Festschrift 96, 139 Ajit Singh 62, 169, 170, 187, Greece 206 214, 301, 331, 334 Greek Colonels Protest week, Rehman Sobhan 62, 214 Cambridge 160 Films, cinema 17, 38, 249, 292 Green Revolution, Punjab, India 11, Firm, theories of 180, 184, 187, 224 276–278 Fiscal redistribution 178, 237, 250 Grifth University, Australia 188 Food Gross National Pollution (GNP) 244 Index of Subjects 459

Gurdwara 2, 12, 15, 28, 30, 39, 149, in Mexico 191, 198 285, 289–291, 294, 302 in Tanzania 191, 198, 201, 205, Guru Granth Sahib 16 206 Gwalior 58 Iran 38 Islamic fnance 179, 186

H Her Majesty’s Treasury 120 J High Court, Chandigarh 5, 14, 15 Japan 38, 182, 184, 186, 199, 203, High Court, Madras 58 213, 224, 228, 238, 245, 258 Hoshiarpur 18, 19, 21 Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) House of Lords 151, 156, 320, 321 164, 287 Howard University Washington Joint authorships, Ajit Singh 7, 14, Ajit Singh, Hall of Fame 31 94, 179, 194, 210, 300 Ajit Singh, scholarship 31 Judge Business School, Cambridge (JBS) 112, 326

I Increasing Returns and Economic K Growth 137, 193, 195, 196, Kaldorian industrialisation 117, 177, 236 227, 230, 240, 281, 283 India Khalistan 29, 291–295 in Cambridge 57, 58, 117, 224, King’s College/Lord Kahn 321 Economics Seminar 167 Economic Reforms 213 K. K. Grover Prize for Declamation, Input-Output Table 59 Chandigarh 23 partition of 137 planning 59–61, 300 Planning Commission 59, 61, L 189, 190, 300 Labour rights 227, 241, 245, 250 steel industry 30 Labour standards 117, 211, 212, 245 Supply Mission, Washington 28 Lady Mitchell Hall, Economics Staf- Tird Five Year Plan 60 Student Meeting 72, 73, 75 Industrialism 31, 243, 244, 250 Lahore 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 12, 18, 28, 35, Inequality 224, 239 36 International Economics Universiti Lahore School of Economics 29, 189 Malaysia 188 Land, reforms, redistribution, hold- Internationalism, retreat from 205 ings 18, 250, 274, 278, 282 International Monetary Fund (IMF) Lehmann Brothers 140 460 Index of Subjects

Levy Institute 110, 117 tenant 38, 290 Liverpool University 122 Multinational companies, transna- London Business School (LBS) 125 tional corporations 183, 216, London School of Economics 239 academic atmosphere, comparison with Cambridge 369 Lucknow 58 N National bourgeoisie 183, 226–229 National Income Accounting M India 61 Malaya 37, 38, 203 UK 61 Managerial Capitalism 47, 181 National Institute of Economic and Manmohan Singh PhD Scholarships Social Research (NIESR) 125 300 Nationality 318–320 Manmohan Singh Professorship Naxalbari Movement 38 Chandigarh 18, 21, 62, 287, Neo-liberalism 208, 226, 296 295, 296, 299, 301, 303, 310 Nirankaris 292 Manmohan Singh Undergraduate Scholarships 300, 301 Marriage O Ann Zammit 179 Obituaries, list of 113, 315 Jo Bradley 295, 315, 331 Oxford Mergers and takeovers 177 Economic Journal moves to 110, Mexico 177, 193, 196, 197, 199, 113, 114 200, 207, 229, 237, 257 Student Union Vietnam Teach-in MIT 227, 334 1965 64 Movements Anti-Vietnam War 41, 43, 44, 64, 257, 309 P ecological 250 Pakistan 11, 29, 62, 164, 166, 189 Free Speech 34, 41, 43, 50 Panjab University Chandigarh Ghadar 36–38 economics 7, 18, 19, 21, 62, 286, Khalistan 291 303 Kirti 37, 38 Political events, Ajit Singh 22, 38, Naxalbari 38 275, 285, 288, 313 Punjabi Suba 22, 29, 39, 275, Paris Peace Accord 69 290 Parkinson’s Disease 143, 326, 328, Quit India 58 329, 333, 335 Index of Subjects 461

Passport 319, 320 R Philippines 38 Racism 27, 30, 34, 35, 163 Poverty 16, 46, 178, 180, 204, 237 Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) Protection 30, 31, 59, 107, 176, 79 187, 194, 199, 211, 229, 280, Research Excellence Framework 281, 309 (REF) 112, 133 Punjab Reserve Bank of India 188, 294 Punjab development 273, Right to piss 76 281–283 Root and Branch 43 Punjab separatism 2, 29, 37, 275, Rothschild Inquiry 107, 108 293, 295 Royal Economic Society (RES) 108, Punjabi Suba 22, 29, 39, 275, 290 113, 131 Punjab University, Lahore 5, 18 Royal Flying Corps/RAF 59, 162 Russia 38

Q Queens’ College S Ajit Singh Fellowship 172 Sanskrit 7, 9–11, 18, 24, 35, 57, Andy Cosh Celebration Dinner 172, 312 151, 157, 172 Schooling 2, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 28, Director of Studies in Economics 30, 34, 35, 37, 59, 68, 71, 151, 156 73, 76, 79, 92, 99, 102, 103, Festschrift Conference for Ajit 106, 113, 116, 118, 126, 129, Singh 169, 170, 301, 331, 334 134, 140, 151, 167, 172, 182, Life Fellow 149, 172, 277, 310 191–193, 197, 198, 200, 249, memorial service 170, 172, 297, 255, 256, 299, 309, 310, 313, 312 328, 335 ofcial Fellow 149 Seminar Political Economy Seminar 167 Apostles 78 President, Arthur Armitage 149, Churchill College Economics, 162 Frank Hahn 68, 78, 167 President, John Eatwell 151, 156, CLARE Seminar, Robin 160, 170 Matthews and Alec Cairncross Research Fellowship named after 167 Ajit Singh 163, 172 King’s College Economics, Senior Fellow 149 ‘Secret’, Lord Kahn 78 student protests 160, 161 Queens’ College Political Queen’s Question 140, 141, 277, 310 Economy, Ajit Singh 167 462 Index of Subjects

South Asian Research Scholars Sports 277, 311 Cricket. See Cricket St Catherine’s College Economics, Hockey 17 Philip Arestis 169 400 metres 17, 59 Services-led growth pattern 237 Olympics 17 SGPC (Shiromani Gurdwarda Table tennis xiii Prabandhak Committee) Sri Lanka 62, 166 Manmohan Singh Scholarships SSRC Consortium 120, 121 for UG study at University of Stanford University 21, 34, 293 Cambridge 301 State, Role of 86, 177, 178, 185, Memorandum of Understanding 209, 220, 229 with University of Cambridge St John’s College 318 301, 302 Stock markets 45, 58, 177, 184–186, Shanghai 218, 220 221, 298 Shilling Paper 161 Stockton gurdwara 39 Sikhism Student Protests adherence to 286 Anti-Vietnam War 63, 68, 158, caste 290–292 309 Ghadar politics 36 Free Speech Movement 34, 41 Golden Temple 289, 294, 302 Garden House Riot (Cambridge gurdwaras 2, 285, 288, 294, 302 ‘Greek Colonels’ protest) 159 SGPC 302 Queens’ College Student Protests and socialism 284, 286, 291 68, 157 Silicon Valley 226 Tripos Reform at Faculty of Simla 5, 7, 14, 15, 325 Economics 57, 71, 72, 151, Sit-in at Faculty of Economics 190 71–73, 77 Students Social Science Research Council As carers, Ajit Singh 329, 332 (SSRC) 107, 118 mentoring 164, 333 Sociology 111, 127–129, 135 PhD 164, 165, 197, 301, 331 South Asia protests and rights 63, 68, 96, cricket XI 129, 166, 311 157, 160, 161, 163, 287, 309 mentored by Ajit Singh 70 supervision 151, 155, 156 Research Scholars’ Seminar 70, 277, 311 students 129, 166 T South Korea 178, 179, 209, 213, Takeovers and mergers 181–183 216, 224, 225, 227, 229, 230, Tanzania 177, 193, 196, 198, 201, 239, 240 203–207, 229, 237, 257 Index of Subjects 463

Technological capability, construc- V tion of 180 Verdoorn’s Law 194 Tree Gorges Dam 246 Vice Chancellor, Cambridge Tripos, Economics Cambridge University 124, 160, 300 curriculum and examination Vietcong 43, 335 reforms 73, 97 Vietnam 31, 34, 41, 43, 44, 50, Turkey 38 63–70, 95, 97, 107, 179, 290

U W Under-consumption, and Rosa Washington 16, 17, 22–24, 27–31, Luxemburg 200, 210, 34, 37, 188, 204, 207, 285, 230–235 286, 290, 294, 299, 310 UNESCO 205 World Bank 28, 29, 107, 144, 189, University of Birmingham 326 197, 198, 202, 203, 205, 206, University of Heidelberg 219 208, 221, 320 University of Illinois, Urbana 21 World Sikh Organization 39 University of Manchester 318 World Trade Organization (WTO) University of Michigan 274 191, 237