DOCSLIB.ORG

Postharvest Evaluation of Cut Dahlia, Linaria, Lupine, Poppy, Rudbeckia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Postharvest Evaluation of Cut Dahlia, Linaria, Lupine, Poppy, Rudbeckia rudbeckia are new species for the Postharvest Evaluation of Cut Dahlia, cut flower industry. ‘Karma Thalia’ Linaria, Lupine, Poppy, Rudbeckia, dahlia, ‘Jemmy Royal Purple’ trache- lium, and ‘Sun Gold’ and ‘Benary’s Trachelium, and Zinnia Giant Scarlet’ zinnias are established species in the cut flower industry, 1,4 2 3 but the cultivars are new. The lack of John M. Dole , Zenaida Viloria , Frankie L. Fanelli , information about postharvest han- and William Fonteno1 dling of the above-listed species and cultivars makes it necessary to de- velop efficient and practical techniques ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. hydrator, preservative, cold storage, ethylene sensitivity, for flower producers, wholesalers, 1-MCP, silver thiosulfate, sucrose and retailers to enhance quality and SUMMARY. Vase life of ‘Karma Thalia’ dahlia (Dahlia ·hybrida), ‘Lace Violet’ linaria longevity. (Linaria maroccana), ‘Sunrise’ lupine (Lupinus hartwegii ssp. cruickshankii), The available literature describ- ‘Temptress’ poppy (Papaver nudicaule), ‘Indian Summer’ rudbeckia (Rudbeckia ing how vase water quality affects cut ·hybrida), ‘Jemmy Royal Purple’ trachelium (Trachelium caeruleum), and ‘Benary’s flower quality is variable, and recom- Giant Scarlet’ and ‘Sun Gold’ zinnias (Zinnia elegans) was determined after being mendations differ regarding the use subjected to postharvest handling procedures. Cut dahlia, lupine, poppy, rud- of tap or deionized (DI) water (Nowak beckia, trachelium, and ‘Sun Gold’ and ‘Benary’s Giant Scarlet’ zinnia flowers could and Rudnicki, 1990; Sacalis, 1993). be held in unamended tap or deionized (DI) water with no effect on vase life. Vase In some studies, tap water produced life of linaria was longest when placed in DI water with 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate the shortest vase life (Kamataka, and a solution pH of 3.5. A vase solution of 2% sucrose without foam extended consumer vase lives for linaria, trachelium, and ‘Benary’s Giant Scarlet’ zinnia. 2003), but in others, it resulted in a Floral foam or 2% or 4% sucrose had no effect on the consumer vase life of dahlia, longer vase life than DI water (van lupine, rudbeckia, and poppy. Trachelium and rudbeckia did not tolerate a 20% Meeteren et al., 2000). sucrose treatment for 24 h, whereas linaria and ‘Benary’s Giant Scarlet’ zinnia had a Adding sucrose, typically through longer vase life with a 10% sucrose pulse than a water-only pulse. For trachelium, the the use of commercial premixed longest (17.5 days) consumer vase life occurred when the Chrysal Professional 2 products, to the vase solution en- Processing solution (CP2) was used after pretreatment with DI water. Either of two hanced postharvest performance and commercial holding solutions, CP2 or Floralife Professional (FLP), similarly flower quality of many species (Cho extended the vase life of linaria. The use of FLP or CP2 improved consumer vase life et al., 2001; Jones et al., 1993; Sacalis, of dahlia, lupine, and poppy compared with DI water. Dahlia, trachelium, and 1993). Incorporating biocides in the zinnia flowers could not be cold stored at 2 °C. Lupine and poppy could be stored at 2 °C wet or dry for 2 weeks. Linaria and rudbeckia could be cold stored for 3 weeks. vase solutions decreases microbial Lupine and trachelium were susceptible to 1 mLÁL–1 exogenous ethylene, which growth and therefore maintains induced floret abscission in lupine and stopped floret opening in trachelium. 1- healthier vascular tissue. Results may Methylcyclopropene and silver thiosulfate similarly suppressed the ethylene effect. be cultivar specific as vase life of Cut linaria, zinnia, dahlia, rudbeckia, and poppy flowers were unaffected by ‘Florex Gold’ calla lily (Zantedeschia exogenous ethylene. elliottiana) was extended after a 2-h pulse in 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate pecialty cut flowers comprise a that the customers—wholesalers, re- (8-HQC), while the same treatment large number of species, includ- tailers, and the final consumer—will reduced longevity and quality in Sing trees, shrubs, and herbaceous be satisfied and return to purchase ‘Black Magic’ calla lily (Janowska annuals and perennials. Two key as- more flowers. and Jerzy, 2004). A 24-h pulse in pects of the specialty cut flower indus- Of the many cut flowers intro- 8-HQC increased the longevity of try are introducing new species and duced to commercial markets each sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and marketing flowers with a long post- year, several show potential. ‘Lace Vio- weigela (Weigela spp.) but reduced harvest life. Interesting new cut flower let’ linaria, ‘Sunrise’ lupine, ‘Tempt- the vase life of yarrow (Achillea) species excite buyers and increase sales, ress’ poppy, and ‘Indian Summer’ (Redman et al., 2002). and a long postharvest life ensures Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7609 Units To convert U.S. to SI, To convert SI to U.S., We gratefully acknowledge support from the Ameri- can Floral Endowment, Association of Specialty Cut multiply by U.S. unit SI unit multiply by Flower Growers Research Foundation, and numerous 29.5735 fl oz mL 0.0338 suppliers. 0.3048 ft m 3.2808 We would like to thank Ingram McCall for producing 3.7854 gal L 0.2642 the cut flowers and assisting with the postharvest 2.54 inch(es) cm 0.3937 studies, and Beth Harden and Diane Mays for assisting 1 mmho/cm dSÁm-1 1 with the postharvest studies. 28,350 oz mg 3.5274 · 10-5 1Professor. 1 ppb nLÁL-1 1 -1 2Postdoctoral Research Assistant. 1 ppm mgÁL 1 0.001 ppm mLÁL-1 1000 3 Graduate Research Technician. 1 ppm mLÁL-1 1 4Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. (°F – 32) O 1.8 °F °C(1.8·C) + 32 • July–September 2009 19(3) 593 RESEARCH REPORTS The ability for new cuts to per- bedding plant flats (35 mL volume ‘Karma Thalia’ dahlia, ‘Indian form well in floral foam is important, per cell) and were germinated at 16 ± Summer’ rudbeckia, and ‘Sun Gold’ especially to florists. Generally, when 1 °C. Linaria seedlings were trans- and ‘Benary’s Giant Scarlet’ zinnia flowers are placed in floral foam, the planted on 17 Dec. 2002 into 4-inch- plants were field grown at 30 · 30 vase life is decreased (Sacalis, 1993), diameter (325 mL) pots spaced at 4 · cm spacing in a 4-ft-wide bed. Rooted but cut big bend bluebonnet (Lupi- 4 inches. Trachelium seeds were sown dahlia cuttings were received from a nus havardii) stems performed as well into open flats on 7 Jan. 2004 and commercial propagator and were in floral foam as in water (Davis et al., were transplanted on 4 March into planted in the field on 29 Apr. 1995). 806 bedding plant flats, which were 2003. Rudbeckia and zinnia seeds Cold storage is used to delay cut then transplanted on 3 May to stand- were directly sown on 28 Jan. and flower development and provide a ard bulb crates (52 · 38 cm, 11 cm 30 Mar. 2003, respectively, into 806 long vase life (Cevallos and Reid, deep) in a 4 · 5 arrangement (7.5 · bedding plant flats (35 mL volume 2001; Faragher et al., 1984; Redman 9.5 cm apart). Lupine seeds were per cell) using a peat-based commer- et al., 2002). In addition, antiethylene- directly sown on 25 Feb. 2004 into cial root substrate (Fafard 4P). Seeds binding products have been success- 6-inch-diameter (1160 mL) pots were germinated at 16 ± 1 °Cin fully used on ethylene-sensitive species spaced at 6 · 6 inches. Poppy seedlings a polyethylene-covered greenhouse. (Geertsen, 1990; Ichimura et al., were received from a commercial Seedlings were transplanted into the 1998; Newman et al., 1998; Reid, grower and were transplanted on field on 20 March (rudbeckia) and 27 2004), but they have no effect on 7 Jan. 2003 into 6-inch- diameter Apr. (zinnia). Plants were irrigated extending vase life of nonsensitive (1160 mL) pots spaced at 12 · 12 inches. as needed with 100 mgÁL–1 N from species (Elgar et al., 1999; Kenza Linaria and poppy seedlings 20N–4.4P–16.6K fertilizer (Peter’s et al., 2000). were grown at 10 ± 1.1 °C night Professional 20–10–20). Dahlia stems The objective of this study was temperatures, with day temperatures were harvested from 12 Aug. to 12 to evaluate water type, concentrated averaging 24 ± 1.6 °C. Lupine seed- Sept. 2003, rudbeckia stems from 1 sucrose vase solutions, floral foam, lings were grown at 15 ± 1.2 °C night July to 26 July 2003, and zinnia stems commercial hydrators and holding temperatures, with day temperatures from 17 June to 12 July 2004. solutions, cold storage, and ethylene averaging 24 ± 1.5 °C. Trachelium Stems were harvested according sensitivity as components of the post- seedlings were grown at 15 ± 1.7 °C to criteria set for each species (Table harvest handling of seven specialty cut night temperatures, with day temper- 1); placed into buckets of tap water flowers. atures averaging 27 ± 1.6 °C. (pH 6.3–7.1; EC 0.18–0.23 dSÁm–1); Plants were irrigated as needed sorted into similar groups based on Materials and methods with 150 mgÁL–1 N from 20N–4.4P– stem length and diameter, flower bud CUT STEM PRODUCTION. ‘Lace 16.6K fertilizer (Peter’s Professional number and flower size, as appropri- Violet’ linaria, ‘Sunrise’ lupine, ‘Tempt- 20–10–20; Scott’s, Marysville, OH) ate for the species; re-cut; and sub- ress’ poppy, and ‘Jemmy Royal Pur- during the week and with unamended jected to appropriate experimental ple’ trachelium plants were grown in a tap water on the weekends. Linaria treatments. Stem length after recut- polyethylene-covered greenhouse us- stems were harvested from 8 March to ting was 30 cm for most species ing a peat-based commercial root sub- 2 Apr.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Chemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Zinnia Elegans Jacq
    molecules Article Chemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Zinnia elegans Jacq. Fractions 1, 2, 3, 4 Ana Flavia Burlec y, Łukasz Pecio y , Cornelia Mircea * , Oana Cioancă , Andreia Corciovă 1,* , Alina Nicolescu 5, Wiesław Oleszek 2 and Monica Hăncianu 4 1 Department of Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania 2 Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation—State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania 4 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania 5 Center of Organic Chemistry “C.D. Nenitescu”, Romanian Academy, Spl. Independentei 202B, 060023 Bucharest, Romania * Correspondence: [email protected] (M.C.); [email protected] (A.C.) These authors contributed equally to this work. y Academic Editors: Nazim Sekeroglu, Anake Kijjoa and Sevgi Gezici Received: 30 July 2019; Accepted: 12 August 2019; Published: 13 August 2019 Abstract: Zinnia elegans (syn. Zinnia violacea) is a common ornamental plant of the Asteraceae family, widely cultivated for the impressive range of flower colors and persistent bloom. Given its uncomplicated cultivation and high adaptability to harsh landscape conditions, we investigated the potential use of Z. elegans as a source of valuable secondary metabolites. Preliminary classification of compounds found in a methanolic extract obtained from inflorescences of Z. elegans cv. Caroussel was accomplished using HR LC-MS techniques.
    [Show full text]
  • Occasional Papers from the Lindley Library © 2011
    Occasional Papers from The RHS Lindley Library IBRARY L INDLEY L , RHS VOLUME FIVE MARCH 2011 Eighteenth-century Science in the Garden Cover illustration: Hill, Vegetable System, vol. 23 (1773) plate 20: Flower-de-luces, or Irises. Left, Iris tuberosa; right, Iris xiphium. Occasional Papers from the RHS Lindley Library Editor: Dr Brent Elliott Production & layout: Richard Sanford Printed copies are distributed to libraries and institutions with an interest in horticulture. Volumes are also available on the RHS website (www. rhs.org.uk/occasionalpapers). Requests for further information may be sent to the Editor at the address (Vincent Square) below, or by email ([email protected]). Access and consultation arrangements for works listed in this volume The RHS Lindley Library is the world’s leading horticultural library. The majority of the Library’s holdings are open access. However, our rarer items, including many mentioned throughout this volume, are fragile and cannot take frequent handling. The works listed here should be requested in writing, in advance, to check their availability for consultation. Items may be unavailable for various reasons, so readers should make prior appointments to consult materials from the art, rare books, archive, research and ephemera collections. It is the Library’s policy to provide or create surrogates for consultation wherever possible. We are actively seeking fundraising in support of our ongoing surrogacy, preservation and conservation programmes. For further information, or to request an appointment, please contact: RHS Lindley Library, London RHS Lindley Library, Wisley 80 Vincent Square RHS Garden Wisley London SW1P 2PE Woking GU23 6QB T: 020 7821 3050 T: 01483 212428 E: [email protected] E : [email protected] Occasional Papers from The RHS Lindley Library Volume 5, March 2011 B.
    [Show full text]
  • 2004 Cultivar Trials of Bedding Plants
    2004 Cultivar Trials of Bedding Plants Barbara A. Laschkewitsch, M.S. Trial Garden Coordinator Ronald C. Smith, Ph.D. Extension Horticulturist – Department of Plant Sciences Introduction The Plant Sciences Department at NDSU conducted performance trials on over 300 annual bedding plants during the 2004 growing season. The main research garden is located in Fargo, on the west edge of campus. Trial gardens are also located at the research extension centers in Dickinson and Williston, ND. Official entries (usually 150-200) are grown at all three locations while an additional 150-200 cultivars are also grown at the Fargo site. The display gardens are for educational and research purposes. They are open to the public throughout the growing season and guided tours are available upon request. The trial garden is an official display garden of both All-America Selections and the American Hemerocallis Society. Currently, there are over 1100 cultivars of daylilies in the collection with plans for more. The majority of the daylily cultivars are considered historic (pre-1970). There are also over 300 miscellaneous perennials and ornamental grasses in the garden. An extensive iris collection, courtesy of the Art Jensen family, was also added in 2003. New Fargo trial gardens are currently being constructed on the corner of 18th street and 12th avenue north. The move into the new beds should be completed by fall 2005. Culture Plants were seeded in the horticulture and forestry greenhouses on the NDSU campus from January through April, 2004. When at the proper stage, seedlings were transplanted into cell packs containing a peat-based growing medium.
    [Show full text]
  • Accd Nuclear Transfer of Platycodon Grandiflorum and the Plastid of Early
    Hong et al. BMC Genomics (2017) 18:607 DOI 10.1186/s12864-017-4014-x RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access accD nuclear transfer of Platycodon grandiflorum and the plastid of early Campanulaceae Chang Pyo Hong1, Jihye Park2, Yi Lee3, Minjee Lee2, Sin Gi Park1, Yurry Uhm4, Jungho Lee2* and Chang-Kug Kim5* Abstract Background: Campanulaceae species are known to have highly rearranged plastid genomes lacking the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) subunit D gene (accD), and instead have a nuclear (nr)-accD. Plastid genome information has been thought to depend on studies concerning Trachelium caeruleum and genome announcements for Adenophora remotiflora, Campanula takesimana, and Hanabusaya asiatica. RNA editing information for plastid genes is currently unavailable for Campanulaceae. To understand plastid genome evolution in Campanulaceae, we have sequenced and characterized the chloroplast (cp) genome and nr-accD of Platycodon grandiflorum, a basal member of Campanulaceae. Results: We sequenced the 171,818 bp cp genome containing a 79,061 bp large single-copy (LSC) region, a 42,433 bp inverted repeat (IR) and a 7840 bp small single-copy (SSC) region, which represents the cp genome with the largest IR among species of Campanulaceae. The genome contains 110 genes and 18 introns, comprising 77 protein-coding genes, four RNA genes, 29 tRNA genes, 17 group II introns, and one group I intron. RNA editing of genes was detected in 18 sites of 14 protein-coding genes. Platycodon has an IR containing a 3′ rps12 operon, which occurs in the middle of the LSC region in four other species of Campanulaceae (T. caeruleum, A. remotiflora, C.
    [Show full text]
  • RHS the Garden Index 2011: Volume 136, Parts 1-12
    January 2011 I £4.25 I www.rhs.org.uk February 2011 I £4.25 I www.rhs.org.uk March 2011 I £4.25 I www.rhs.org.uk April 2011 I £4.25 I www.rhs.org.uk This month: June 2011 I £4.25 I www.rhs.org.uk July 2011 I £4.25 I www.rhs.org.uk WINTER GARDEN DELIGHT VINTAGE DAFFODILS IDEAS FOR STAKING PERENNIALS GUIDE TO USING PEAT-FREE COMPOST The December 2011 | www.rhs.org.uk | £4.25 August 2011 I £4.25 I www.rhs.org.uk Garden VIBURNUMS FOR WINTER ANNUALS WITHA POTTED PASSION FOR APPE AL HOUSE PLANTS How to grow moth orchidsCHELSEA CHAMPIONS PRODUCTIVE CONTAINERS ASTRANTIAS FOR SUMMER STYLE FLOWERING CHERRIES OLD ANDPOPPIES NEW ON THE MARCHquinces: SWEET DIVERSITY IN HONEYSUCKLEScelebrating a forgotten fruit VARIEGATED EVERGREENS Index 2011: Volume 136, Parts 1–12 INDULGE IN GINGERS CURIOUS CUCUMBER RELATIVES Aug11 Cover_August 2011_The Garden_ 1 14/07/2011 11:28 Fruiting shrubs to attract birds Index 2011 January 2011 I £4.25 I www.rhs.org.uk February 2011 I £4.25 I www.rhs.org.uk March 2011 I £4.25 I www.rhs.org.uk April 2011 I £4.25 I www.rhs.org.uk May 2011 I £4.25 I www.rhs.org.uk June 2011 I £4.25 I www.rhs.org.uk This month: WINTER GARDEN DELIGHT VIBURNUMS FOR WINTER VINTAGE DAFFODILS PRODUCTIVE CONTAINERS BORDER BRILLIANCE POPPIES ON THE MARCH GUIDE TO USING PEAT-FREE COMPOST ANNUALS WITH POTTED APPEAL IDEAS FOR STAKING PERENNIALS FLOWERING CHERRIES OLD AND NEW DISPELLING WISTERIA MYTHS SWEET DIVERSITY IN HONEYSUCKLES January 2011 February 2011 March 2011 April 2011 May 2011 June 2011 1 pp1–68 2 pp69–142 3 pp143–214 4 pp215–286 5 pp287–364 6 pp365–432 Numbers in bold before Frutti Series) 6: 407, caterpillar 8: 529 vineale 5: 349 the page number(s) 407 readers’ response allotments: AWARD OF GARDEN MERIT denote the part number Achimenes: 10: 17 keeping them (month).
    [Show full text]
  • Ornamental and Weed Potential of Acacia Baileyana F. Muell: Lnvestigations of Fertility and Leaf Colour
    Ornamental and weed potential of Acacia baileyana F. Muell: lnvestigations of fertility and leaf colour Anne Morgan B.Sc. (Hons) Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Discipline of Wine and Horticulture School of Agriculture and'Wine Faculty of Sciences The University of Adelaide September 2003 A flowering branch of Acacia baileyana F. Muell. Table of Gontents Abstract I Declaration iü Acknowledgements iv Listof Tables vi List of Flgures x List of Plates xiü Chapter One: General Introduction I 1-I Acacia 1 I.2 Acaciabaileyana 2 1.2.1 Weed status ofAc¿cia baileyana J L.2.2 Ornamental status of Acacia baileyann 4 1.3 Thesis Objectives 5 Chapter Two: Literature Review 7 2 1 Fertility 7 2.1.1 Factors affecting seed production 7 2.t.l.l Number of flowers 7 2.1.L.2 Breeding systems 9 2.1.1.3 Pollinators l1 2.1.1.4 Predation t2 2.1.1.5 Resources and environmental conditions 12 2.2 Environmental weeds t3 2.2.1 Acacia species as weeds t4 2.3 Leafcolour 15 2.3.1 Anthocyanins t6 2.3.2 Flavonoid pathway to anthocyanin biosynthesis t7 2.3.3 Color¡r søbilising and intensifying effects t9 2.3.4 Envi¡onmental and abiotic factors regulating anthocyanin accumulation 20 2.3.5 Function of leaf anthocyanins 2l 2.3.6 Genes involved in biosynthesis of anthocyanins 23 Table of Contents 2.3.7 Inheritance of leaf colour 25 2.4 Conclusions 26 Chapúer Three: Environmental control of bud formation and flowering of clonal Acaciabaileyana 28 3.1 Intoduction 28 3.2 Materials and methods .............
    [Show full text]
  • Cut Flowers, Cut Foliages, Cut Ornamentals, and Floral Arrangements for Their Corporate, Commercial, and Residential Clients
    2017 National Collegiate Landscape Competition Flower and Foliage ID List Brigham Young University—Provo, Utah Reminders for students about scientific names: 1) Genus names are always capitalized. 2) The specific epithet (species name) always starts with a lower-case letter. 3) Cultivar names are always capitalized and enclosed within single quotes. 4) Common names begin with lower-case letters; however, proper nouns are capitalized: i.e. lily of the Nile; Peruvian lily; star of Bethlehem; bells of Ireland 5) The cultivar name is considered a proper name because it is a specific selection of the species or hybrid; it often becomes part of the common name and continues to be capitalized: i.e. Philodendron bipinnatifidum ‘Hope’ = Hope philodendron 6) Technically, there is no space between the hybrid sign “x” and the specific epithet; a space has been used in this list for the sake of clarity: i.e. Chrysanthemum xgrandiflorum = Chrysanthemum x grandiflorum 7) Because numerous species are used and sometimes the exact species is not always known, “spp.” is written following the genus name in lower case letters (as shown on the list). 8) In the case of many hybrids and/or cultivars, the words “Hybrids” or “Hybrid Cultivars,” etc. (as shown) is listed following the genus name. 9) Information in parentheses, synonym scientific names, plant patent numbers, and plant groupings, etc. do not need to be memorized. 10) Although there will be an entire bunch of the same plant material in each vase or bucket, the common name should be listed for one stem: i.e. peony, not peonies; galax leaf, not galax leaves 11) Although genus and species names are generally italicized while cultivar names are not, you will not be required to italicize scientific names.
    [Show full text]
  • Identification of Zinnia Leaf Curl Virus Infecting Zinnia Elegans in India
    ISABB Journal of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Vol. 2(1), pp. 6-10, April 2012 Available online at http://www.isabb.academicjournals.org/JBB DOI: 10.5897/ISAAB-JBB12.001 ISSN 1937-3244©2012 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Identification of Zinnia leaf curl virus infecting Zinnia elegans in India NAVEEN PANDAY1 and A. K. TIWARI2* 1Department of Botany, DDU University Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, UP, -273008 India. 2Central Laboratory, U P Council of Sugarcane Research, Shahjahnapur-242001, Uttar Pradesh, India. Accepted 26 March, 2012 In a survey during 2007 to 2009 at Gorakhpur and nearby locations of North Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India leaf curling, foliar deformation and distortion symptoms were observed on Zinnia elegans plants. The associated White fly population indicated the possible presence of begomovirus in the field. Therefore, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed with the begomovirus specific primers (TLCV-CP). Total genomic DNA was isolated from infected as well as healthy leaf samples. In gel electrophoresis expected ~500 bp amplicons was obtained in symptomatic leaf sample while, no amplicon was found in healthy leaf samples. Amplicon obtained were directly sequenced and submitted in the GenBank (GQ412352) and phylogeny were constructed with the available identical sequences in the Genbank. Based on the highest similarity 97% at nucleotide and 99% at amino acid level and closest relationship with isolates of Zinnia leaf curl virus, the present study isolate was considered an isolate of Zinnia leaf curl virus. Key words: Zinnia elegans, Zinnia leaf curl virus, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), phylogenetic analysis. INTRODUCTION Zinnia is a common Mexican wildflower and members of reported virus on Zinnia (Storey, 1931).
    [Show full text]
  • Zinnia Peruviana (L.) L
    TAXON: Zinnia peruviana (L.) L. SCORE: 7.0 RATING: High Risk Taxon: Zinnia peruviana (L.) L. Family: Asteraceae Common Name(s): field zinnia Synonym(s): Chrysogonum peruvianum L. (basionym) Peruvian zinnia Zinnia pauciflora L. wild zinnia Zinnia tenuiflora Jacq. Zinnia verticillata Andrews Assessor: Assessor Status: Assessor Approved End Date: 20 Apr 2021 WRA Score: 7.0 Designation: H(HPWRA) Rating: High Risk Keywords: Annual Herb, Disturbance Weed, Wildflower, Self-Compatible, Wind-dispersed Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 103 Does the species have weedy races? Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y=1, n=0 y subtropical climates Does the species have a history of repeated introductions 205 y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y outside its natural range? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 y 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) y 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 304 Environmental weed 305 Congeneric weed 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 n 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 n 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems y=1, n=0 n Creation Date: 20 Apr 2021 (Zinnia peruviana (L.) L.) Page 1 of 16 TAXON: Zinnia peruviana (L.) L.
    [Show full text]
  • Reconstructing the History of Campanulaceae.Pdf
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 52 (2009) 575–587 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Reconstructing the history of Campanulaceae with a Bayesian approach to molecular dating and dispersal–vicariance analyses Cristina Roquet a,b,*, Isabel Sanmartín c, Núria Garcia-Jacas a, Llorenç Sáez b, Alfonso Susanna a, Niklas Wikström d, Juan José Aldasoro c a Institut Botànic de Barcelona (CSIC-ICUB), Passeig del Migdia s. n., Parc de Montjuïc, E-08038 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain b Unitat de Botànica, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain c Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid (CSIC), Plaza de Murillo, 2, E-28014 Madrid, Spain d Evolutionsbiologiskt centrum, University of Uppsala, Norbyvägen 18D, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden article info abstract Article history: We reconstruct here the spatial and temporal evolution of the Campanula alliance in order to better Received 19 June 2008 understand its evolutionary history. To increase phylogenetic resolution among major groups (Wahlen- Revised 6 May 2009 bergieae–Campanuleae), new sequences from the rbcL region were added to the trnL-F dataset obtained Accepted 15 May 2009 in a previous study. These phylogenies were used to infer ancestral areas and divergence times in Cam- Available online 21 May 2009 panula and related genera using a Bayesian approach to molecular dating and dispersal–vicariance anal- yses that takes into account phylogenetic uncertainty. The new phylogenetic analysis confirms Keywords: Platycodoneae as the sister group of Wahlenbergieae–Campanuleae, the two last ones inter-graded into Bayes-DIVA, Molecular dating a well-supported clade.
    [Show full text]
  • A Comprehensive Review of Phytoconstituents and Biological
    J. Adv. Biomed. & Pharm. Sci. 2 (2019) 29-37 Journal of Advanced Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal Homepage: http://jabps.journals.ekb.eg A comprehensive review of phytoconstituents and biological activities of genus Zinnia Alshymaa Abdel-Rahman Gomaa1 , Mamdouh Nabil Samy1* , Samar Yehia Desoukey1 , Mohamed Salah Kamel1,2 1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt 2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, 61111 New Minia, Egypt Received: October 14, 2018; revised: November 21, 2018; accepted: November 29, 2018 Abstract Zinnia genus contains annual and perennial plants belonging to the family Asteraceae and comprising about 20 species native to South America. Zinnia species are used in folk medicine for the treatment of malaria and stomach pain and are used as hepatoprotective, antiparasitic, antifungal and antibacterial agents. Zinnia plants are well known ornamental plants with large, beautiful and attractive flowers. Many studies reported that Zinnia contains numerous secondary metabolites of different classes including sterols, flavonoids, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes and hydrocarbons. Zinnia plants are also reported to possess a wide range of biological effects such as antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cytotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal activities. This review potentiates the researchers for carrying out further studies on this genus to isolate and develop new drugs from natural sources with wide margin of safety and understanding their effects and possible mechanism of actions. Key words Asteraceae, Zinnia, phytochemical components, biological activities 1. Introduction from 1949 till 2018. All the reported data from pervious published researches are summarized and listed in two tables. Asteraceae (sunflower family) is considered the largest family of flowering plants that includes about 1600 genera and 2.1.
    [Show full text]
  • ZINNIA(Proj.8) ORIGINAL: English DATE: 2020-04-27
    E TG/ZINNIA(proj.8) ORIGINAL: English DATE: 2020-04-27 INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NEW VARIETIES OF PLANTS Geneva DRAFT * ZINNIA UPOV Code(s): ZINNI_ELE ; ZINNI_HAA ; ZINNI_PER ; ZINNI_ANG Zinnia elegans Jacq.; Zinnia haageana Regel; Zinnia peruviana (L.) L.; Zinnia angustifolia Kunth GUIDELINES FOR THE CONDUCT OF TESTS FOR DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY prepared by experts from Mexico to be considered by the Technical Working Party for Ornamental Plants and Forest Trees at its fifty-second session, to be held in Roelofarendsveen, Netherlands, from 2020-06-08 to 2020-06-12 Disclaimer: this document does not represent UPOV policies or guidance Alternative names:* Botanical name English French German Spanish Zinnia elegans Jacq., Youth and age, Youth- Zinnia élégant Zinnie Rascamoño, Zinnia, Zinnia violacea Cav. and-old-age Miguelito Zinnia haageana Regel Zinnia Mexicana Zinnia peruviana (L.) L. Field zinnia, Peruvian Mal de ojo zinnia, Wild zinnia Zinnia angustifolia Zinnia naranja Kunth The purpose of these guidelines (“Test Guidelines”) is to elaborate the principles contained in the General Introduction (document TG/1/3), and its associated TGP documents, into detailed practical guidance for the harmonized examination of distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) and, in particular, to identify appropriate characteristics for the examination of DUS and production of harmonized variety descriptions. ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTS These Test Guidelines should be read in conjunction with the General Introduction and its associated TGP documents. * These names were correct at the time of the introduction of these Test Guidelines but may be revised or updated. [Readers are advised to consult the UPOV Code, which can be found on the UPOV Website (www.upov.int), for the latest information.] TG/ZINNIA(proj.8) Zinnia, 2020-04-27 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1.
    [Show full text]