Report De Lisboa 2 | 20 20 | 3 20 20

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Report De Lisboa 2 | 20 20 | 3 20 20 20 | 1 2020 20 ANNUAL OCEANÁRIOREPORT DE LISBOA 2 | 20 20 | 3 20 20 CONTENTS 4 Mission and Vision 5 Message from the Chairman 6 The Year 2020 10 An Aquarium To Discover And Thrill 16 Conservation and Knowledge 24 Education and Awareness-Raising 30 Communication and Dissemination 31 Human Resources 32 Economic and Financial Analysis 38 Proposed Earnings Distribution 38 Prospects for 2021 39 Acknowledgements 4 | 20 20 | 5 20 20 SHAREHOLDER The Oceano Azul Foundation, a non-profit VISION foundation under Portuguese private law whose purpose is to contribute to the Ocean conservation and sustainable use of the ocean, is the sole shareholder of Oceanário de Lisboa. conservation is a responsibility shared by all. GOVERNING BODIES MISSION PRESIDING BOARD OF THE GENERAL MEETING Chairman To encourage Tiago Ferreira Lemos Secretary people to learn Nuno de Deus Pinheiro more about the BOARD OF DIRECTORS Chairman José Soares dos Santos ocean and make Members João Falcato Pereira all citizens aware Tiago Pitta e Cunha Pedro Curto Simões of their duty to David Lopes (until 31 May 2020) Pedro Veloso (since 01 June 2020) conserve their AUDIT COMMITTEE natural heritage, Auditor ERNST & YOUNG AUDIT & ASSOCIADOS - SROC, S.A. represented by João Alves ou Luís Rosado by changing their Substitute Rui Abel Serra Martins behaviour. 6 | | 7 20 MAY 20 Reopening with new “Safe Visit” 20 measures 20 SEPTEMBER The “Agarra o Momento” [Seize the Visit by the Minister of the Sea publicizes Moment] campaign successfully gave a 2020 measures to ensure the well-being large number of young people up to 25 and safety of all visitors years of age the opportunity to visit the aquarium for just €5 JULY JANUARY Visit by the President of the Republic Launch of the “5€ até aos 18 anos” NOVEMBER Inauguration of the new publicizes the Oceanário de Lisboa and [€5 for under 18s] campaign to Birth of a new Magellanic penguin “Zazu”, Launch of an unprecedented campaign exhibition “One - The Oceano Azul Foundation’s vision encourage young people and families whose name was chosen by Oceanário promotes the early purchase of tickets, ocean as you never felt it” and action for ocean sustainability to visit Oceanário de Lisboa’s exhibitions de Lisboa followers on social media offering special conditions MARCH Oceanário de Lisboa closes to the public as a preventive measure due to the COVID-19 pandemic FEBRUARY APRIL JUNE AUGUST OCTOBER DECEMB Visit to the sea turtle conservation New online activities and Celebration of Children’s Month Frederico Morais becomes an “Ocean “Happy hour” campaign invites visitors Two whitetip reef sharks were programme in São Tomé with a educational contents are launched: with promotional offer Leader” and an active voice in the to enjoy the end of the day with a introduced to the Central Aquarium, television report during Jornal da “At school watching the sea” and defence of the ocean “dive” into the ocean raising further awareness to Noite [evening newscast] “At home watching the sea” visitors of the importance of marine biodiversity Launch of the new online shop with sustainable products A holiday season campaign offers all Oceanário de Lisboa Educational visitors between the ages of 13 and Programme online edition 64 the special price of €15 Acquisition of a new coral reproduction system 8 | 20 20 | 9 20 20 VISITORS 522 211 (-63%) 2020 PARTICIPANTS IN EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES IN NUMBERS 56 686 (-74%) TRIPADVISOR RATING 4,62 (+ 0,7) VIEWS OF OCEANÁRIO VIDEOS 721 471 INVESTMENT IN FREE EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES EUR 143 000 SUPPORT FOR CONSERVATION PROJECTS EUR 111 000 ONGOING CONSERVATION PROJECTS 16 SPECIES BREEDING PROGRAMMES 16 OPERATING INCOME EUR 6,4 M (-67%) NET INCOME EUR -5,1 M (-7,2M€) INVESTMENTS IN EQUIPMENT EUR 746 000 (-75%) 10 | 20 20 | 11 20 20 AN AQUARIUM VISITORS TO DISCOVER 522 211 (-63%) The year 2020 began promisingly. The inauguration of the Exhibition “ONE – The Ocean as AND THRILL you never felt it”, in January, proved to be a winning bet, and together, the first two months of the year were the best ever. On 16 March, Oceanário de Lisboa closed its doors after being open every day for more than 21 years. The COVID-19 pandemic posed huge challenges to the Oceanário in 2020. Its main visitors, foreign tourists, were absent from the city of Lisbon. The attractiveness of indoor spaces was reduced, and the equipment’s capacity was restricted to less than a third of its usual capacity. The priority of the institution has always been the health of its employees, the welfare of its animals and the safety of visitors. In this regard, 2020 was a success, and all challenges were overcome, at an institution that must operate daily, even when closed to the public. Despite all the efforts and creativity of the team, Oceanário de Lisboa registered a 63 % reduction in visitors compared to 2019. The number of Portuguese visitors was 371 970, a 23 % drop year-on-year, and the number of foreign visitors was 150 241, representing a reduction of 84 %. 2020 was also an exceptional for the notable figures who honoured Oceanário de Lisboa with their visit, namely the Mayor of Lisbon Fernando Medina, Minister of the Environment João Matos Fernan- des, Minister of the Sea, Ricardo Serrão Santos, Minister of the Education, Tiago Brandão Rodrigues, Vice President of the European union Frans Timmermans, Secretary-General of the United Nations, António Guterres Prime minister António Costa and the President of the Republic Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa. 12 | 20 AN AQUARIUM TO DISCOVER AND THRILL 20 | 13 20 20 OPENING OF THE NEW EXHIBITION INNOVATIVE MARKETING “ONE – THE OCEAN AS YOU NEVER CAMPAIGNS FELT IT” The absence of tourists and the increased avoidance of The new temporary exhibition was opened to the public in January indoor spaces drove the creation of conditions to attract 2020, hosted in the main lobby, in a new exhibition space OF 110 Portuguese visitors. With this objective, a series of innovative m2, specifically for this purpose. Created exclusively for Oceanário marketing campaigns were launched throughout the year, de Lisboa, this immersive audiovisual installation conveys the giving children, young people and adults the unprecedented immensity of the ocean and the deep connection humans have opportunity to visit the aquarium with very special conditions. with the sea, while conveying a sense of responsibility for its The campaigns were effective among large numbers of people preservation. The installation is by Portuguese artist Maya Almeida and demonstrated the public’s interest in experiencing a visit to (director and artistic director) who specializes in underwater Oceanário de Lisboa. photography in motion. The opening ceremony for the exhibition “ONE – The Ocean as you never felt it” was part of the opening RENOVATED AQUARIUMS event for the “Lisbon European Green Capital 2020” initiative, Several interventions were carried out, targeting lighting, the attended by several entities. provision of ornamental elements and the introduction of new animals, guaranteeing the continuous improvement of the CLOSING TO THE PUBLIC FROM 16 quality of the exhibition and recognising the importance of MARCH TO 10 MAY existing species. As a result of the state of emergency decreed by the Portuguese Government, and as a preventive measure to contain the SOUTHERN AUSTRALIA FISH AQUARIUM IN THE SOUTHERN GALLERY COVID-19 pandemic, Oceanário de Lisboa closed to the public ROCKY REEF AQUARIUM IN THE PACIFIC GALLERY on 16 March, 2020, for the first time in its history, and remained MANGROVE AQUARIUM IN THE INDIAN GALLERY closed until 10 May, suspending all on-site educational activities. OPENING OF A NEW CODFISH “SAFE VISIT” AND “CLEAN AND SAFE” AQUARIUM GUARANTEE The new aquarium in the Atlantic Habitat enriches the experience After being closed to the public for almost two months and in of visitors and raises their awareness to the importance of collaboration and articulation with official entities, Oceanário de conserving this species with great cultural importance in Lisboa reopened its doors on 11 May, with enhanced prevention Portugal, while addressing the theme of the sustainability of and safety measures, providing its visitors the guarantee of a “Safe fisheries. Visit”. Oceanário de Lisboa was also recognised with the “Clean and Safe” seal awarded by Turismo de Portugal for compliance with the recommendations issued by the Directorate-General for Health. Among the various implemented measures, we highlight the following: reduction in the number of visitors at any given time; compulsory use of face mask during the visit; face masks were offered to all visitors; spaces frequently cleaned; number of disinfectant gel dispensers available to visitors was increased; ticket payment exclusively through automated means. 14 | 20 AN AQUARIUM TO DISCOVER AND THRILL 20 | 15 20 20 NEW ANIMALS IN THE COLLECTION LAUNCH OF THE NEW ONLINE GIFT SHOP GORGONIANS Responding to the challenges of the pandemic, the new The Rocky reef aquarium received some gorgonian species: Oceanário de Lisboa online gift shop was launched in June 2020. Eunicella gazella, Paramuricea grayi and Spinimuricea atlantica. Reinforcing its positioning on sustainability, with the objective These additions are the result of the collaboration between of facilitating the adoption of more responsible behaviour, Oceanário de Lisboa and the CCMAR – Centre for Marine under the motto “Choose to change. Buy sustainable”, allowing Sciences of University of Algarve, through a project to recover those who cannot visit in person to purchase products from the gorgonians and corals stuck in fishing nets. SeatheFuture line. Produced with raw materials and processes with reduced impact on the planet, the aim is to make the BLUEBANDED GOBY (Lythrypnus dalli) difference and take another step towards the adoption of a more This territorial goby inhabits rocky areas and reefs at depths of conscious and responsible lifestyle.
Recommended publications
  • SRSC. 2013. Summary of Fish Catch Results for Runstad Cove, 2008
    Summary of Fish Catch Results for Runstad Cove, 2008 and 2009 Skagit River System Cooperative Research Program May 2012 Beach seine sampling for fish was conducted at Runstad Cove as part of Washington State’s Salmon Recovery Funding Board Project # 07-1863 N: WRIA2 Habitat Based Assessment of Juvenile Salmon, also locally known as the Big Picture Project. Runstad Cove is located on the southeast side of Blakely Island within the San Juan Islands (Figure 1). Large beach seine nets were used at Runstad Cove after methods described in Skagit System Cooperative Research Department (2003). We made 14 beach seine sets over the two- year study period. Beach seining occurred monthly from March through August 2008 and March through October 2009. The beach seine site at Runstad Cove consisted of gravel to mixed coarse substrate. Eelgrass or macro algae were present on 64% of sampling days. Average maximum water depth was 2.2 meters and average salinity was 30.4 parts per thousand within the area seined. Water temperatures varied by month, ranging from approximately 8 °C in March to peaks of over 13 °C in July of each year. We caught a total of 2,512 fish from 37 different species or species groupings over the two-year study period, including three species of juvenile salmon and three species of forage fish (Table 1). We kept count of Dungeness crab (23) caught by seines, as this species is of commercial and recreational interest. Please refer to Beamer and Fresh (2012) for more information regarding timing, abundance, and habitat selection of focal fish species for the Big Picture Project.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    Table of Contents Chapter 3f Alaska Arctic Marine Fish Species Structure of Species Account……………………………………………………….2 Bigeye sculpin…………………………………………………………………..…10 Ribbed Sculpin……………………………………………………………………..14 Crested Sculpin……………………………………………………………………..20 Eyeshade Sculpin…………………………………………………………………...25 Polar Sculpin………………………………………………………………………..29 Smoothcheek Sculpin……………………………………………………………….33 Alligatorfish…………………………………………………………………………37 Arctic Alligatorfish………………………………………………………………….43 Chapter 3. Alaska Arctic Marine Fish Species Accounts By Milton S. Love1, Nancy Elder2, Catherine W. Mecklenburg3, Lyman K. Thorsteinson2, and T. Anthony Mecklenburg4 Abstract Although tailored to address the specific needs of BOEM Alaska OCS Region NEPA analysts, the information presented Species accounts provide brief, but thorough descriptions in each species account also is meant to be useful to other about what is known, and not known, about the natural life users including state and Federal fisheries managers and histories and functional roles of marine fishes in the Arctic scientists, commercial and subsistence resource communities, marine ecosystem. Information about human influences on and Arctic residents. Readers interested in obtaining additional traditional names and resource use and availability is limited, information about the taxonomy and identification of marine but what information is available provides important insights Arctic fishes are encouraged to consult theFishes of Alaska about marine ecosystem status and condition, seasonal patterns
    [Show full text]
  • Humboldt Bay Fishes
    Humboldt Bay Fishes ><((((º>`·._ .·´¯`·. _ .·´¯`·. ><((((º> ·´¯`·._.·´¯`·.. ><((((º>`·._ .·´¯`·. _ .·´¯`·. ><((((º> Acknowledgements The Humboldt Bay Harbor District would like to offer our sincere thanks and appreciation to the authors and photographers who have allowed us to use their work in this report. Photography and Illustrations We would like to thank the photographers and illustrators who have so graciously donated the use of their images for this publication. Andrey Dolgor Dan Gotshall Polar Research Institute of Marine Sea Challengers, Inc. Fisheries And Oceanography [email protected] [email protected] Michael Lanboeuf Milton Love [email protected] Marine Science Institute [email protected] Stephen Metherell Jacques Moreau [email protected] [email protected] Bernd Ueberschaer Clinton Bauder [email protected] [email protected] Fish descriptions contained in this report are from: Froese, R. and Pauly, D. Editors. 2003 FishBase. Worldwide Web electronic publication. http://www.fishbase.org/ 13 August 2003 Photographer Fish Photographer Bauder, Clinton wolf-eel Gotshall, Daniel W scalyhead sculpin Bauder, Clinton blackeye goby Gotshall, Daniel W speckled sanddab Bauder, Clinton spotted cusk-eel Gotshall, Daniel W. bocaccio Bauder, Clinton tube-snout Gotshall, Daniel W. brown rockfish Gotshall, Daniel W. yellowtail rockfish Flescher, Don american shad Gotshall, Daniel W. dover sole Flescher, Don stripped bass Gotshall, Daniel W. pacific sanddab Gotshall, Daniel W. kelp greenling Garcia-Franco, Mauricio louvar
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report
    Annual Report // Contents 6 2019 in numbers 8 An aquarium to discover and thrill 14 Conservation and knowledge 26 Education and raising awareness 31 Communication and dissemination 32 Human resources 33 Social responsibility 32 Economic and financial analysis 41 Proposed earnings distribution 42 Acknowledgements 4 | //2019 SHAREHOLDER The Oceano Azul Foundation, a non-profit // Vision foundation under Portuguese private law whose purpose is to contribute to the Ocean conservation and sustainable use of the ocean, is the sole shareholder of Oceanário de Lisboa. conservation is a responsibility shared by all. GOVERNING BODIES // Mission PRESIDING BOARD OF THE GENERAL MEETING Chairman To encourage Tiago Ferreira Lemos Secretary people to learn Nuno de Deus Pinheiro more about the BOARD OF DIRECTORS Chairman José Manuel da Silveira e Castro Soares dos Santos ocean and make Members João Miguel Meister Falcato Pereira all citizens aware Tiago Filipe Olavo de Pitta e Cunha Pedro Miguel de Frias Torres Curto Simões of their duty to David José Ferreira Azevedo Lopes conserve their AUDIT COMMITTEE Auditor natural heritage, ERNST & YOUNG AUDIT & ASSOCIADOS - SROC, S.A. represented by João Alves ou Luís Rosado Substitute by changing their Rui Abel Serra Martins behaviour. //2019 | 5 6 | //2019 2019in numbers // VISITORS 1 407 183 (-2%) // VISITOR SATISFACTION INDEX 90% // TRIPADVISOR RATING 4,55 (+0,2) // INVESTMENT IN OCEAN EDUCATION € 797 000 // PARTICIPANTS IN EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES 214 052 (+35%) // VIEWS OF OCEANÁRIO FILMS 5,2 million // SUPPORT
    [Show full text]
  • Summary of Fish Catch Results for Cayou Lagoon E and Cayou Lagoon W, 2008 and 2009
    Summary of Fish Catch Results for Cayou Lagoon E and Cayou Lagoon W, 2008 and 2009 Skagit River System Cooperative Research Program December 2012 Beach seine sampling for fish was conducted at Cayou Lagoon E and Cayou Lagoon W as part of Washington State’s Salmon Recovery Funding Board Project # 07-1863 N: WRIA2 Habitat Based Assessment of Juvenile Salmon, also locally known as the Big Picture Project. Cayou Lagoon is located within Deer Harbor on the southwest side of Orcas Island within the San Juan Islands (Figure 1). Sets were made at both sides of the lagoon (East and West) using small net beach seines after methods described in Skagit System Cooperative Research Department (2003). We made 25 beach seine sets over the two-year study period. Beach seining occurred monthly at Cayou Lagoon E from April through September in 2008 and 2009. Sets were made at Cayou Lagoon W from March through August 2008 and from April through September 2009, with the exception that sets were not made during July of either year. The beach seine site at both locations consisted of mixed fines to mud substrate, usually without vegetative cover (such as eelgrass, kelp or other macro algae). Average maximum water depth was 0.95 and 0.80 meters deep (E and W respectively) and average salinity was just over 30.0 parts per thousand within the area seined at both sites. Water temperatures varied by month and site. Water temperature at Cayou Lagoon E ranged from a low of 7.3 °C in March 2008 to a high of 20.2 °C in June 2009.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to the Parasites of Fishes of Canada Part V: Nematoda
    Wilfrid Laurier University Scholars Commons @ Laurier Biology Faculty Publications Biology 2016 ZOOTAXA: Guide to the Parasites of Fishes of Canada Part V: Nematoda Hisao P. Arai Pacific Biological Station John W. Smith Wilfrid Laurier University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/biol_faculty Part of the Biology Commons, and the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Arai, Hisao P., and John W. Smith. Zootaxa: Guide to the Parasites of Fishes of Canada Part V: Nematoda. Magnolia Press, 2016. This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Biology at Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biology Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Zootaxa 4185 (1): 001–274 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4185.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0D054EDD-9CDC-4D16-A8B2-F1EBBDAD6E09 ZOOTAXA 4185 Guide to the Parasites of Fishes of Canada Part V: Nematoda HISAO P. ARAI3, 5 & JOHN W. SMITH4 3Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, British Columbia V9R 5K6 4Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3C5. E-mail: [email protected] 5Deceased Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by K. DAVIES (Initially edited by M.D.B. BURT & D.F. McALPINE): 5 Apr. 2016; published: 8 Nov. 2016 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 HISAO P. ARAI & JOHN W.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to the Coastal Marine Fishes of California
    STATE OF CALIFORNIA THE RESOURCES AGENCY DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME FISH BULLETIN 157 GUIDE TO THE COASTAL MARINE FISHES OF CALIFORNIA by DANIEL J. MILLER and ROBERT N. LEA Marine Resources Region 1972 ABSTRACT This is a comprehensive identification guide encompassing all shallow marine fishes within California waters. Geographic range limits, maximum size, depth range, a brief color description, and some meristic counts including, if available: fin ray counts, lateral line pores, lateral line scales, gill rakers, and vertebrae are given. Body proportions and shapes are used in the keys and a state- ment concerning the rarity or commonness in California is given for each species. In all, 554 species are described. Three of these have not been re- corded or confirmed as occurring in California waters but are included since they are apt to appear. The remainder have been recorded as occurring in an area between the Mexican and Oregon borders and offshore to at least 50 miles. Five of California species as yet have not been named or described, and ichthyologists studying these new forms have given information on identification to enable inclusion here. A dichotomous key to 144 families includes an outline figure of a repre- sentative for all but two families. Keys are presented for all larger families, and diagnostic features are pointed out on most of the figures. Illustrations are presented for all but eight species. Of the 554 species, 439 are found primarily in depths less than 400 ft., 48 are meso- or bathypelagic species, and 67 are deepwater bottom dwelling forms rarely taken in less than 400 ft.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Coastal Water Resources and Watershed Conditions at Channel Islands National Park, California
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Technical Report NPS/NRWRD/NRTR-2006/354 Water Resources Division Natural Resource Program Center Natural Resource Program Centerent of the Interior ASSESSMENT OF COASTAL WATER RESOURCES AND WATERSHED CONDITIONS AT CHANNEL ISLANDS NATIONAL PARK, CALIFORNIA Dr. Diana L. Engle The National Park Service Water Resources Division is responsible for providing water resources management policy and guidelines, planning, technical assistance, training, and operational support to units of the National Park System. Program areas include water rights, water resources planning, marine resource management, regulatory guidance and review, hydrology, water quality, watershed management, watershed studies, and aquatic ecology. Technical Reports The National Park Service disseminates the results of biological, physical, and social research through the Natural Resources Technical Report Series. Natural resources inventories and monitoring activities, scientific literature reviews, bibliographies, and proceedings of technical workshops and conferences are also disseminated through this series. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the National Park Service. Copies of this report are available from the following: National Park Service (970) 225-3500 Water Resources Division 1201 Oak Ridge Drive, Suite 250 Fort Collins, CO 80525 National Park Service (303) 969-2130 Technical Information Center Denver Service Center P.O. Box 25287 Denver, CO 80225-0287 Cover photos: Top Left: Santa Cruz, Kristen Keteles Top Right: Brown Pelican, NPS photo Bottom Left: Red Abalone, NPS photo Bottom Left: Santa Rosa, Kristen Keteles Bottom Middle: Anacapa, Kristen Keteles Assessment of Coastal Water Resources and Watershed Conditions at Channel Islands National Park, California Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Fishes-Of-The-Salish-Sea-Pp18.Pdf
    NOAA Professional Paper NMFS 18 Fishes of the Salish Sea: a compilation and distributional analysis Theodore W. Pietsch James W. Orr September 2015 U.S. Department of Commerce NOAA Professional Penny Pritzker Secretary of Commerce Papers NMFS National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Kathryn D. Sullivan Scientifi c Editor Administrator Richard Langton National Marine Fisheries Service National Marine Northeast Fisheries Science Center Fisheries Service Maine Field Station Eileen Sobeck 17 Godfrey Drive, Suite 1 Assistant Administrator Orono, Maine 04473 for Fisheries Associate Editor Kathryn Dennis National Marine Fisheries Service Offi ce of Science and Technology Fisheries Research and Monitoring Division 1845 Wasp Blvd., Bldg. 178 Honolulu, Hawaii 96818 Managing Editor Shelley Arenas National Marine Fisheries Service Scientifi c Publications Offi ce 7600 Sand Point Way NE Seattle, Washington 98115 Editorial Committee Ann C. Matarese National Marine Fisheries Service James W. Orr National Marine Fisheries Service - The NOAA Professional Paper NMFS (ISSN 1931-4590) series is published by the Scientifi c Publications Offi ce, National Marine Fisheries Service, The NOAA Professional Paper NMFS series carries peer-reviewed, lengthy original NOAA, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, research reports, taxonomic keys, species synopses, fl ora and fauna studies, and data- Seattle, WA 98115. intensive reports on investigations in fi shery science, engineering, and economics. The Secretary of Commerce has Copies of the NOAA Professional Paper NMFS series are available free in limited determined that the publication of numbers to government agencies, both federal and state. They are also available in this series is necessary in the transac- exchange for other scientifi c and technical publications in the marine sciences.
    [Show full text]
  • Variable Gene Transcription Underlies Phenotypic Convergence of Hypoxia Tolerance in Sculpins Milica Mandic1,4* , Marina L
    Mandic et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2018) 18:163 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-018-1275-1 RESEARCHARTICLE Open Access Variable gene transcription underlies phenotypic convergence of hypoxia tolerance in sculpins Milica Mandic1,4* , Marina L. Ramon2, Aleeza C. Gerstein3, Andrew Y. Gracey2 and Jeffrey G. Richards1,4 Abstract Background: The degree by which mechanisms underlying phenotypic convergence are similar among taxa depends on the number of evolutionary paths available for selection to act upon. Likelihood of convergence will be influenced by an interplay of factors such as genetic architecture, phylogenetic history and population demography. To determine if there is convergence or divergence in mechanisms underlying phenotypic similarity, we assessed whether gene transcription patterns differed among species with similar levels of hypoxia tolerance. Results: Three species of marine fish from the superfamily Cottoidea (smoothhead sculpin [Artedius lateralis], sailfin sculpin [Nautichthys oculofasciatus] and Pacific staghorn sculpin [Leptocottus armatus]), all of which have previously been shown to share the same level of hypoxia tolerance, were exposed to short-(8 h) and longer-term (72 h) hypoxia and mRNA transcripts were assessed using a custom microarray. We examined hypoxia-induced transcription patterns in metabolic and protein production pathways and found that a high proportion of genes associated with these biological processes showed significant differences among the species. Specifically, the data suggest that the smoothhead sculpin, unlike the sailfin sculpin and the Pacific staghorn sculpin, relied on amino acid degradation rather than glycolysis or fatty acid oxidation to generate ATP during hypoxia exposure. There was also variation across the species in the transcription of genes involved in protein production (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • 61661147.Pdf
    Resource Inventory of Marine and Estuarine Fishes of the West Coast and Alaska: A Checklist of North Pacific and Arctic Ocean Species from Baja California to the Alaska–Yukon Border OCS Study MMS 2005-030 and USGS/NBII 2005-001 Project Cooperation This research addressed an information need identified Milton S. Love by the USGS Western Fisheries Research Center and the Marine Science Institute University of California, Santa Barbara to the Department University of California of the Interior’s Minerals Management Service, Pacific Santa Barbara, CA 93106 OCS Region, Camarillo, California. The resource inventory [email protected] information was further supported by the USGS’s National www.id.ucsb.edu/lovelab Biological Information Infrastructure as part of its ongoing aquatic GAP project in Puget Sound, Washington. Catherine W. Mecklenburg T. Anthony Mecklenburg Report Availability Pt. Stephens Research Available for viewing and in PDF at: P. O. Box 210307 http://wfrc.usgs.gov Auke Bay, AK 99821 http://far.nbii.gov [email protected] http://www.id.ucsb.edu/lovelab Lyman K. Thorsteinson Printed copies available from: Western Fisheries Research Center Milton Love U. S. Geological Survey Marine Science Institute 6505 NE 65th St. University of California, Santa Barbara Seattle, WA 98115 Santa Barbara, CA 93106 [email protected] (805) 893-2935 June 2005 Lyman Thorsteinson Western Fisheries Research Center Much of the research was performed under a coopera- U. S. Geological Survey tive agreement between the USGS’s Western Fisheries
    [Show full text]
  • Sculpin Stock Complex in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands Ingrid Spies, Dan Nichol, Olav A
    19. Assessment of the sculpin stock complex in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands Ingrid Spies, Dan Nichol, Olav A. Ormseth, and Todd T. TenBrink Alaska Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service Executive Summary Summary of Changes in Assessment Inputs 1. Catch and retention data are updated with partial data for 2014. 2. Biomass estimates and length compositions from the 2013 and 2014 Bering Sea shelf survey and the 2014 Aleutian Islands survey have been added. There are no changes to the assessment methodology. Summary of Results As estimated or As estimated or specified last year for: recommended this year for: 2014 2015 2015 2016 Quantity M (natural mortality rate)* 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29 Tier 5 5 5 5 Biomass (t) 215,713 215,713 194,783 194,783 FOFL 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.29 maxFABC 0.21 0.21 0.22 0.22 FABC 0.21 0.21 0.22 0.22 OFL (t) 56,424 56,424 56,487 56,487 maxABC (t) 42,318 42,318 42,852 42,852 ABC (t) 42,318 42,318 42,852 42,852 As determined last year for: As determined this year for: Status 2012 2013 2013 2014 Overfishing n/a n/a * The sculpin complex mortality rate is a biomass-weighted average of the instantaneous natural mortality rates for the six most abundant sculpins in the BSAI: bigmouth (Hemitripterus bolini), great (Myoxocephalus polyacanthocephalus), plain (Myoxocephalus jaok), threaded (Gymnocanthus pistilliger), warty (Myoxocephalus verrucosus), and yellow Irish lord (Hemilepidotus jordani). The complex mortality rate may change as new survey data become available.
    [Show full text]