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HISTORY 2073 X2 the Arab-Israeli Conflict Winter 2014

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HISTORY 2073 X2 the Arab-Israeli Conflict Winter 2014 HISTORY 2073 X2 The Arab-Israeli Conflict Winter 2014 James Whidden BAC 404 585-1814 [email protected] Office Hours: Tuesday & Thursday 11:30-1:30 Course Description This course is a study of the origins and expansion of the Arab-Israeli conflict. It analyzes issues and problems, social, cultural, and political, that underlie the Arab-Israeli conflict and examines various solutions or plans for the ‘Peace Process’, focusing on the Israeli-Palestinian dialogue/conflict, but not exclusive of the international setting. Note: If you are a student with a documented disability who anticipates needing accommodations in this course, please inform me after you meet with the staff at Disability Access Services, Student Resource Centre. Required Texts Rashid Khalidi, Brokers of Deceit Benny Morris, One State, Two States Avi Shlaim, War and Peace in the Middle East Suggested texts and sites for further reading The Encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli Conflict (4 vols.), Vaughn Library, Reference Section, DS 119.7.E565 George Antonius, The Arab Awakening Nathan J. Brown, Palestinian Politics after the Oslo Accords Arthur Hertzberg, The Zionist Idea Khalid Hroub, Hamas: Political Thought and Practice Rashid Khalidi, The Iron Cage Benny Morris, Righteous Victims Benny Morris, The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited Muhammad Muslih, The Origins of Palestinian Nationalism Ilan Pappe, The Making of the Arab-Israeli Conflict Yehoshua Porath, The Emergence of the Palestinian-Arab National Movement 1918-1929 Eugene Rogan & Avi Shlaim, The War for Palestine Nadav Safran, Israel: Embattled Ally Edward Said, The Question of Palestine Avi Shlaim, The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World Avi Shlaim, Collusion Across the Jordan David Shipler, Arab and Jew Charles D. Smith, Palestine and the Arab-Israeli Conflict Mark Tessler, A History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict J.W. Wright, Structural Flaws in the Middle East Peace Process www.fmep.org The site for the ‘Foundation of Middle East Peace’ in Washington. D.C. www.mideasti.org The site for the ‘Middle East Institute’ in Washington D.C. www.usip.org The site for the ‘US Institute for Peace’ in Washington D.C. http://www.cfr.org/israel/crisis-guide-israeli-palestinian-conflict/p13850?cid=080416a Evaluation 1) Participation: 30% (in-class discussion and group presentation) 2) Book Reports: 30% 3) Research Paper: 20% 4) Exam: 20% Participation: You will read and discuss the required texts in preparation for discussions on some of the key issues in the Arab-Israeli conflict. To get points you need to participate in the discussions and submit notes. Full points will only be given to those who participate during class. Group presentations will cover the ‘Issues, Problems, Solutions’ themes. The presentations will be designed to spark debates on the groups’ solutions. The class will participate in the presentations by providing critiques of the proposed solutions and interpretations. Book Reports (1000 words): You will submit reports on the required texts. Shlaim: 22 January Morris: 14 February Khalidi: 14 March For each report you need to identify the thesis and main arguments of the required texts. To do so follow these steps: 1 Identify the thesis of the book. 2) Outline the basic structure of the book. 3) Identify the sources used by the author. How have these shaped the arguments? 4) Has the author ignored contrary points of view or evidence? Does the text show prejudice or bias? Try to identify the importance of the works within the larger field of historical works by reading reviews of the book (consult an electronic database) or comparable books. Research Paper (2,000 words, due 4 April) The paper will include: 1) Thesis statement 2) Themes that support the thesis statement 3) A bibliography with at least 3 sources (articles or books) in addition to the required texts. The paper must engage with one of the historical questions discussed in the course. It may include the research done for the presentation assignment. Exam: The exam will be comprehensive, including questions on the texts and the films. Course Outline: The page references below are guidelines for subject areas. Besides being familiar with the material for discussions during class, you must read the texts according to the book report deadlines given above. Three films will be shown in whole or in part. There will be tests on their content on the final exam. 1. Introduction. Problems, Issues, Solutions. Khalidi, i-iiivii. How, according to Khalidi, is language used to shape the peace process? Rather than a ‘process’, Khalidi argues that the Arab-Israeli conflict is ‘structural’ – based on underlying continuities or a ‘long reality’. How does he argue that case? 2. Post-Ottoman Syndrome. Shlaim 1-59 . What were the main features of the Post-Ottoman syndrome? . What were the objectives of French and British state-building projects from the era of the Mandates? . According to Shlaim, the 1948 war turned into a land grab. Do you agree? . What were the USA’s four basic interests in the Middle East after the Second World War? Is it fair to say that these were mutually exclusive? . Define globalist and regionalist policy. Outline the basic points of UN Resolution 242. How did international alignments change after the war? What impact did these have upon the peace negotiations, according to Shlaim? 3. Pax Americana. Shliam, Shliam book report due, 24 January. Discuss the policy of containment, both as it related to the Soviet Union and Iran. The international context appeared favorable at the time of the Madrid Conference. Why? Describe the reordering of global and regional alignments. What were the primary US motives in the negotiations? . How would you characterize the basic model for negotiations at Madrid, as set by the USA and its ‘partners’? Ultimately, what was the main outcome of Madrid? . Did the Clinton administration change international alignments and policies vis-à-vis the Peace Process? . What was the basic model or ‘road map’ toward the peace plan laid out at Oslo? . What does Shlaim suggest is the best way to bring about peace in the region? 4. Zionism & Palestinian Nationalism: Morris, pages 1-109. What was the rationale for bi-nationalism in the period of the British Mandate? What was the impact of the Palestinian Revolt on the bi-national idea? What finally killed it? . Account for changes in British policy on the issue of a bi-national or two-state solution. How would you characterize Palestinian Nationalism, its origins, its goals, and its ideology based on a reading of Morris? . Is it possible to identify Arab radicalism and moderate nationalism, similar to the Mainstream and Revisionist Zionists, in the Mandate period, or was there greater consensus around the Arab nationalist cause? . Account for the Arab rejection of the Peel Commission Report. Consider the arguments of George Antonius, as well as the position of the Arab Higher Committee. 5. The War of 1947-1949: Morris, pages 64-81 & Lecture notes on Acorn. Account for the Arab rejection of the Peel Commission Report. Consider the arguments of George Antonius, as well as the position of the Arab Higher Committee. Relative Power of Arabs and Zionists: Who had the advantage in terms of population and arms? Who had effective external support? What impact did these facts have upon Palestinian nationalists? . Why did Palestinians flee their homes in 1947 and 1948? Was the flight the policy of the Israeli government or the consequence of war? . Were the tactics of the Haganah designed to create a Palestinian flight? Why did militias (Arab and Zionist) adopt terror-type tactics? . What is the substance of Benny Morris’ testimony on refugee flight in 1948? Where do his sympathies lie? 6. The Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO). Benny Morris, pages 109-201 & Munich. Morris book report due, February 14. Consider the PLO’s tactics. Was negotiation on the table, or only armed struggle? Is it fair to conclude that recognition of Israel was only tactical, and not conducive to the two-state solution? . Alongside the PLO, what other groups made up Palestinian politics after 1967? . How did the intifada alter Palestinian politics? . How has Morris’ view of the PLO shaped his own arguments on the resolution of the conflict? . What might be some of the pitfalls of Morris’s solution to the conflict? . How differently were the terror attacks in the film Munich represented by the opposed Israeli and Palestinian sides? Outline the conversation between the Israeli agent and the Palestinian armed combatant as depicted in the film. The film focuses on the motivations of the Israeli response to the terrorist attacks at Munich. What does the film suggest is the consequence of the Israeli strategy? Study Break 7. Peace Process, Khalidi, 1-66. Describe American strategic interests as described by Khalidi. Do you agree with his assessment? . Khalidi asserts that the basic parameters for negotiations were set by the Likud government in the 1970s and 1980s. Describe these. What was the basic model or ‘road map’ toward peace laid out at Oslo? Why does Khalidi view these in a negative light? . Is it fair to say that Likud’s posture toward peace with the Palestinians was calculated to preserve the status quo? . With the example of Madrid and the failure of the Oslo Accord to bring about peace, what would you say are some of the pitfalls of international intervention in the Arab-Israeli conflict? . Account for Arafat’s intransigence at the Clinton brokered talks in 2000, according to Khalidi. Compare his arguments to Morris’. Why is Khalidi so critical of the USA and Israel, apparently to the exclusion of the Arabs? 8. Peace Process, Khalidi, 67-120 & Paradise Now. Khalidi book report due March 14.
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